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121 man
man [mæn]homme ⇒ 1 (a)-(i), 1 (o) valet ⇒ 1 (k) ouvrier ⇒ 1 (l) soldat ⇒ 1 (m) matelot ⇒ 1 (m) joueur ⇒ 1 (n) pièce ⇒ 1 (q) armer ⇒ 2 (a) s'occuper de ⇒ 2 (b) assurer le service de ⇒ 2 (b)1 noun(a) (adult male) homme m;∎ a young man un jeune homme;∎ an old man un vieillard;∎ a blind man un aveugle;∎ he seems a nice man il a l'air gentil;∎ he's lived here, man and boy, for forty years c'est ici qu'il a grandi et vécu pendant quarante ans;∎ there's a new man in her life il y a un nouvel homme dans sa vie;∎ I'm just a man je ne suis qu'un homme comme les autres;∎ one move and you're a dead man! un (seul) geste et tu es un homme mort!;∎ he's a man's man il aime bien être avec ses copains;∎ he's a man of the world c'est un homme d'expérience;∎ the man in the moon le visage de la lune;∎ men's clothes/trousers vêtements mpl/pantalon m pour homme;∎ men's department (in shop) rayon m hommes∎ he's not a betting/drinking man ce n'est pas un homme qui parie/boit;∎ he was never a man for taking risks il n'a jamais été homme à ou ce n'est pas le genre d'homme à prendre des risques;∎ he's not a man to make a mistake like that il ne ferait pas une telle erreur(c) (appropriate person) homme m;∎ he's the man for the job c'est l'homme qu'il faut pour faire ce travail;∎ I'm your man je suis votre homme;∎ he's not the man for that kind of work il n'est pas fait pour ce genre de travail∎ a medical man un médecin;∎ a man of God un homme d'église;∎ a man of learning un savant;∎ a man of letters un homme de lettres(e) (with manly qualities) homme m;∎ to act like a man se comporter en homme;∎ he took the news like a man il a pris la nouvelle avec courage;∎ he's not man enough to own up il n'aura pas le courage d'avouer;∎ the army will make a man of him! l'armée en fera un homme!;∎ a holiday will make a new man of me des vacances me feront le plus grand bien;∎ figurative this will separate or sort the men from the boys c'est là qu'on verra les vrais hommes(f) (person, individual) homme m, individu m;∎ what more can a man do? qu'est-ce qu'on peut faire de plus?;∎ any man would have reacted in the same way n'importe qui aurait réagi de la même façon;∎ all men are born equal tous les hommes naissent égaux;∎ the man must be mad! il doit être fou!;∎ I've never met the man je n'ai jamais rencontré l'individu en question;∎ to be one's own man être indépendant ou son propre maître;∎ it's every man for himself c'est chacun pour soi;∎ the man in the street l'homme m de la rue;∎ proverb one man's meat is another man's poison le malheur des uns fait le bonheur des autres;(g) (as husband, father) homme m;∎ man and wife mari m et femme f;∎ to live as man and wife vivre maritalement ou en concubinage;∎ he's a real family man c'est un vrai père de famille;∎ the man of the house l'homme m de la maison; humorous le pater familias;∎ she's got a new man elle a un nouveau mec;∎ have you met her young man? (boyfriend) avez-vous rencontré son petit ami?; (fiancé) avez-vous rencontré son fiancé?(i) (inhabitant, native)∎ I'm a Dublin man je suis de Dublin;∎ he's a local man c'est un homme du pays∎ he's a Harvard man (at present) il fait ses études à Harvard; (in the past) il a fait ses études à Harvard∎ the men have gone on strike les hommes se sont mis en grève;∎ a TV repair man un réparateur télé;∎ I'll need to get a man in to fix it il faut que je fasse venir un réparateur;∎ we'll send a man round to look at it nous vous envoyons quelqu'un pour voir;∎ our man in Paris (representative) notre représentant m à Paris; (journalist) notre correspondant m à Paris; (diplomat) notre envoyé m diplomatique à Paris; (spy) notre agent m à Paris(m) (in armed forces → soldier) soldat m, homme m (de troupe); (→ sailor) matelot m, homme m (d'équipage);∎ officers and men (in army) officiers mpl et hommes mpl de troupe; (in navy) officiers mpl et matelots mpl∎ a three-man team une équipe de trois joueurs;∎ the man of the match le héros du match∎ primitive/modern man l'homme m primitif/moderne;∎ one of the most deadly poisons known to man un des plus dangereux poisons connus de l'homme;∎ proverb man cannot live by bread alone l'homme ne vit pas que de pain∎ come on, man! allez, viens!;∎ hey, man! (as greeting) salut vieux!;∎ what can I do for you, young man? que puis-je faire pour vous, jeune homme?;∎ old-fashioned my good man mon cher monsieur m;∎ good man! c'est bien!;∎ old-fashioned how are you, old man? comment tu vas, mon vieux?∎ to man the barricades défendre les barricades;∎ the tanker was manned by Greek seamen le pétrolier avait un équipage grec;∎ man the pumps! armez les pompes!;∎ man the lifeboats! mettez les canots à la mer!;∎ manned space flight vol m spatial habité;∎ the sentries manned the battlements il y avait des sentinelles sur les remparts;∎ the plane is manned by a pilot and a navigator l'équipage de l'avion consiste en un pilote et un navigateur;∎ the fort was manned by twenty soldiers le fort était tenu par une garnison de vingt soldats(b) (staff → machine) faire tourner, s'occuper de; (→ switchboard) assurer le service ou la permanence de;∎ who's manning the telephone? qui assure la permanence téléphonique?;∎ reception wasn't manned at the time personne n'assurait ou n'était à la réception à ce moment-là;∎ someone has to be there to man the phone quelqu'un doit être là pour répondre au téléphone;∎ the campaign office was manned by volunteers la permanence de la campagne était assurée par des volontaires;∎ the office is manned by a skeleton staff le bureau tourne à effectif réduit;∎ to man a nightshift composer une équipe de nuitfamiliar la vache!;∎ man, was it big! bon sang, qu'est-ce que c'était grand!;∎ you should have seen it, man! bon sang, tu aurais dû voir ça!comme un seul homme;∎ they replied as one man ils répondirent d'une seule voixsans exception;∎ they agreed to a man ils ont accepté à l'unanimité;∎ they were patriots/communists to a man ils étaient tous patriotes/communistes►► Literature Man Friday Vendredi;man Friday (servant) fidèle serviteur m; (office worker) = employé de bureau affecté à des tâches diverses;British man management gestion f des ressources humainesⓘ A man's gotta do what a man's gotta do Il s'agit d'une phrase que l'on associe généralement aux vieux westerns dans lesquels les héros expriment leur détermination à agir en hommes, en dépit du danger. Cette formule ("un homme, un vrai, ne recule pas devant l'obstacle") s'utilise aujourd'hui de façon allusive et sur le mode ironique lorsque quelqu'un doit exécuter une tâche simple (l'équivalent français est "quand il faut y aller, il faut y aller"). -
122 Krylov, Alexei Nicolaevitch
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 15 August 1863 Visyoger, Siberiad. 26 October 1945 Leningrad (now St Petersburg), Russia[br]Russian academician and naval architect) exponent of a rigorous mathematical approach to the study of ship motions.[br]After schooling in France and Germany, Krylov returned to St Petersburg (as it then was) and in 1878 entered the Naval College. Upon graduating, he started work with the Naval Hydrographic Department; the combination of his genius and breadth of interest became apparent, and from 1888 until 1890 he undertook simultaneously a two-year university course in mathematics and a naval architecture course at his old college. On completion of his formal studies, Krylov commenced fifty years of service to the academic bodies of St Petersburg, including eight years as Superintendent of the Russian Admiralty Ship Model Experiment Tank. For many years he was Professor of Naval Architecture in the city, reorganizing the methods of teaching of his profession in Russia. It was during this period that he laid the foundations of his remarkable research and published the first of his many books destined to become internationally accepted in the fields of waves, rolling, ship motion and vibration. Practical work was not overlooked: he was responsible for the design of many vessels for the Imperial Russian Navy, including the battleships Sevastopol and Petropavlovsk, and went on, as Director of Naval Construction, to test anti-rolling tanks aboard military vessels in the North Atlantic in 1913. Following the Revolution, Krylov was employed by the Soviet Union to re-establish scientific links with other European countries, and on several occasions he acted as Superintendent in the procurement of important technical material from overseas. In 1919 he was appointed Head of the Marine Academy, and from then on participated in many scientific conferences and commissions, mainly in the shipbuilding field, and served on the Editorial Board of the well-respected Russian periodical Sudostroenie (Shipbuilding). The breadth of his personal research was demonstrated by the notable contributions he made to the Russian development of the gyro compass.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember, Russian Academy of Science 1814. Royal Institution of Naval Architects Gold Medal 1898. State Prize of the Soviet Union (first degree). Stalin Premium for work on compass deviation.BibliographyKrylov published more than 500 books, papers and articles; these have been collected and published in twelve volumes by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. 1942, My Memories (autobiography).AK / FMWBiographical history of technology > Krylov, Alexei Nicolaevitch
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123 N
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Nucleophilic, с.ш. (41°58'52.8''N)2) Биология: asparagine, neutral3) Американизм: Nationalistic, Night, Normative4) Военный термин: Navy, Navy Department, Need, North, navigation, navigator, nonself-propelled, nose, nuclear-powered, nuclear-propelled5) Техника: Avogadro number, N-диметилацетамид, mol fraction, molecular density, nano, navigational, nitrogenous, normal solution, number of molecules, number of mols, principal quantum number, rate of transfer, rotational frequency, rotational rate, safety factor, transport number, азот6) Математика: None, Numerical, The Nth, неопределённая величина, препятствующий, норма (norm), количество (number), номер (number), число (number)7) Автомобильный термин: Н, нейтраль, нейтральное положение, ньютон, neutral - нейтральное (положение), normal - нормальное (состояние), (на автоматических коробках передач) нейтральная передача8) Полиграфия: эн9) Телекоммуникации: Dolby B, Receive Sequence Number (HDLC; R), Send Sequence Number (HLDC; S)10) Сокращение: National Association of Deaf, National Petroleum Association, National Science Foundation, North American, Northern England, Notice, November, electron (n)-type semiconductor material, negro, neon, net, newton, next, nitrogen, northern, Time zone 7.5 W-22.5 W (GMT +1), Civil aircraft marking (United States), newton (force), November (phonetic alphabet), National form (thread)11) Текстиль: Nice13) Физика: Neutrino14) Физиология: Nipple16) Электроника: Nodes17) Нефть: (Vcl) clay content deduced from neutron rays, anode number, начальные геологические запасы нефти в пласте (метод материального баланс)18) Генетика: аспарагиновая кислота19) Картография: nun (buoy), буква, добавляемая к значениям координат пунктов на район Шетландских и Оркнейских островов (для отличия от значений координат пунктов на территорию собственно Англии и Шотландии)21) Пищевая промышленность: Natural, Nourishment, Nutrition22) Фирменный знак: Nada23) Экология: Nature, Noise, климатическая норма, многолетняя средняя, нормаль24) СМИ: Newsletter, Novels26) Образование: Neither27) Полимеры: normal, normality, normalization, numeric, numerics, присоединение к азоту (в азотсодержащих соединениях)28) Программирование: Newline29) Автоматика: node30) Контроль качества: normalized31) Химическое оружие: normal, equivalents of a reagent per liter of solution32) Макаров: (asparagine) аспарагин, (neutral) нейтральный33) Должность: Naturalist, Negotiator, Nerd, Novelist, Nurse34) СМС: And35) Международные перевозки: normal (rate classification) -
124 NAD
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, hum. сокр. Nicotinamide Adenosine Dinucleotide, Namibian Dollar, not able to be determined2) Компьютерная техника: Name Address Data, north American Datum3) Геология: North American Data4) Медицина: nothing abnormal detected (патологии не выявлено), neuroleptic-induced acute dystonia5) Военный термин: NATO air doctrine, National Armaments Directors, Naval Air Division, Naval Aircraft Department, Navy armaments division, North Atlantic Division, Nuclear Assessment Directorate, naval adviser, naval air defense, naval air depot, naval ammunition depot, naval armament depot, new ammunition depot, not on active duty, nuclear accident dosimetry6) Техника: nuclear accident dosimeter7) Математика: Next Action Deterministic8) Метеорология: North America Datum9) Сокращение: National Armament Director, Naval Aviation Depot (US Navy), Network Access Device10) Физиология: No Acute Distress, No Appreciable Disorders, No active disease, Nothing Abnormal Detected11) Электроника: Noise Adding Device, Note Amplitude Data12) Иммунология: novel antigenic determinant (клеточная)13) Онкология: No Abnormality Detected14) Транспорт: Naturally Aspirated Diesel15) Фирменный знак: National Animated And Design, Nihilistic Animation Data16) СМИ: New Acoustic Dimension, Noise Adding Devices17) Деловая лексика: National Advertising Division18) Сетевые технологии: Network Attached Device19) Макаров: nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide, novel antigenic determinant, НАД, никотинамидадениндинуклеотид20) Общественная организация: National Association for the Deaf -
125 n
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Nucleophilic, с.ш. (41°58'52.8''N)2) Биология: asparagine, neutral3) Американизм: Nationalistic, Night, Normative4) Военный термин: Navy, Navy Department, Need, North, navigation, navigator, nonself-propelled, nose, nuclear-powered, nuclear-propelled5) Техника: Avogadro number, N-диметилацетамид, mol fraction, molecular density, nano, navigational, nitrogenous, normal solution, number of molecules, number of mols, principal quantum number, rate of transfer, rotational frequency, rotational rate, safety factor, transport number, азот6) Математика: None, Numerical, The Nth, неопределённая величина, препятствующий, норма (norm), количество (number), номер (number), число (number)7) Автомобильный термин: Н, нейтраль, нейтральное положение, ньютон, neutral - нейтральное (положение), normal - нормальное (состояние), (на автоматических коробках передач) нейтральная передача8) Полиграфия: эн9) Телекоммуникации: Dolby B, Receive Sequence Number (HDLC; R), Send Sequence Number (HLDC; S)10) Сокращение: National Association of Deaf, National Petroleum Association, National Science Foundation, North American, Northern England, Notice, November, electron (n)-type semiconductor material, negro, neon, net, newton, next, nitrogen, northern, Time zone 7.5 W-22.5 W (GMT +1), Civil aircraft marking (United States), newton (force), November (phonetic alphabet), National form (thread)11) Текстиль: Nice13) Физика: Neutrino14) Физиология: Nipple16) Электроника: Nodes17) Нефть: (Vcl) clay content deduced from neutron rays, anode number, начальные геологические запасы нефти в пласте (метод материального баланс)18) Генетика: аспарагиновая кислота19) Картография: nun (buoy), буква, добавляемая к значениям координат пунктов на район Шетландских и Оркнейских островов (для отличия от значений координат пунктов на территорию собственно Англии и Шотландии)21) Пищевая промышленность: Natural, Nourishment, Nutrition22) Фирменный знак: Nada23) Экология: Nature, Noise, климатическая норма, многолетняя средняя, нормаль24) СМИ: Newsletter, Novels26) Образование: Neither27) Полимеры: normal, normality, normalization, numeric, numerics, присоединение к азоту (в азотсодержащих соединениях)28) Программирование: Newline29) Автоматика: node30) Контроль качества: normalized31) Химическое оружие: normal, equivalents of a reagent per liter of solution32) Макаров: (asparagine) аспарагин, (neutral) нейтральный33) Должность: Naturalist, Negotiator, Nerd, Novelist, Nurse34) СМС: And35) Международные перевозки: normal (rate classification) -
126 nad
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, hum. сокр. Nicotinamide Adenosine Dinucleotide, Namibian Dollar, not able to be determined2) Компьютерная техника: Name Address Data, north American Datum3) Геология: North American Data4) Медицина: nothing abnormal detected (патологии не выявлено), neuroleptic-induced acute dystonia5) Военный термин: NATO air doctrine, National Armaments Directors, Naval Air Division, Naval Aircraft Department, Navy armaments division, North Atlantic Division, Nuclear Assessment Directorate, naval adviser, naval air defense, naval air depot, naval ammunition depot, naval armament depot, new ammunition depot, not on active duty, nuclear accident dosimetry6) Техника: nuclear accident dosimeter7) Математика: Next Action Deterministic8) Метеорология: North America Datum9) Сокращение: National Armament Director, Naval Aviation Depot (US Navy), Network Access Device10) Физиология: No Acute Distress, No Appreciable Disorders, No active disease, Nothing Abnormal Detected11) Электроника: Noise Adding Device, Note Amplitude Data12) Иммунология: novel antigenic determinant (клеточная)13) Онкология: No Abnormality Detected14) Транспорт: Naturally Aspirated Diesel15) Фирменный знак: National Animated And Design, Nihilistic Animation Data16) СМИ: New Acoustic Dimension, Noise Adding Devices17) Деловая лексика: National Advertising Division18) Сетевые технологии: Network Attached Device19) Макаров: nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide, novel antigenic determinant, НАД, никотинамидадениндинуклеотид20) Общественная организация: National Association for the Deaf -
127 committee
committee on Government Operations (US House of Representatives) — комиссия по деятельности правительственных органов (палаты представителей конгресса США)
Counter Insurgency committee (of the White House) — комитет (Белого дома) по борьбе с национально-освободительным и повстанческим движениями
Deputy Secretaries committee, NSC — комитет заместителей министров при СНБ
Foreign Intelligence committee, NSC — комитет по внешней разведке СНБ
Intelligence committee, NSC — разведывательный комитет СНБ
Military Liaison committee, Department of Energy — комитет министерства энергетики по связям с ВС
NATO Command, Control and Information Systems and Automatic Data Processing committee — комитет НАТО по АСУ и системам автоматической обработки данных
Policy Review committee, NSC — комитет по оценке политики при СНБ (возглавляется директором ЦРУ)
Special Coordination committee, NSC — специальный координационный комитет СНБ
— ordnance technical committee -
128 Birdseye, Clarence
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 9 December 1886 Brooklyn, New York, USAd. 7 October 1956 USA[br]American inventor of the fast-freezing method of food preservation.[br]Clarence Birdseye went to high school at Montclair in New Jersey, and from there to Amherst College between 1906 and 1910. He became a field naturalist on the US Department of Agriculture's survey of 1910 to 1912, and during the following five years worked as a fur trader. He was the Purchasing Agent for the US Navy Corps between 1917 and 1919, and acted as Assistant to the President of the US Fisherman's Association between 1920 and 1922.Birdseye was a keen fisherman, and during his time in Labrador learnt how to fast-freeze his catch in the wind. He formed the Birdseye Seafood Company in 1923 and pioneered the development of quick-freezing methods for the preservation of dressed seafood. His first company went bankrupt, but he quickly formed the General Seafoods Corporation. He filed his first patent in 1924 for the plate freezer, and in the late 1920s developed the double belt freezer. In 1929 Birdseye's company was bought out for $22 million, Birdseye himself receiving $1 million. He was an active member of the American Fisherman's Society, the American Society of Refrigeration Engineers, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the American Society of Mammalogists and the Institute of Food Technologists.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNutrition Foundation Stephen M.Babcock Award 1949.Further ReadingW.H.Clark and J.Moynahan, Famous Leaders of Industry (gives a brief account of Birdseye's life).1982, Frozen Food Age (August) (an account of the development of the industry he created).AP
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