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daš'

  • 1 bě̄dà

    bě̄dà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `need, poverty, misery'
    Page in Trubačev: II 54-56
    Old Church Slavic:
    běda `distress, need, necessity' [f ā]
    Russian:
    bedá `misfortune, trouble' [f ā]
    Czech:
    bída `poverty, misery' [f ā];
    běda `woe!' [interj]
    Slovak:
    bieda `poverty, calamity' [f ā]
    Polish:
    bieda `poverty, misery' [f ā];
    biada `woe!' [interj]
    Old Polish:
    biada `distress, necessity' [f ā] \{1\}
    Upper Sorbian:
    běda `grief, woe, misery' [f ā]
    Lower Sorbian:
    běda `grief, pain' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bijèda `grief, misfortune' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    bẹ́da `misery' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    bedá `misfortune, misery' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰoidʰ-eh₂ \{2\}
    IE meaning: force
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 117
    Comments: According to Būga (RR I: 345-346), Lith. bėdà 4 `misfortune, trouble, guilt' is probably not a borrowing from Slavic because it has ė instead of the expected ie (cf. biẽdnas `poor'). Indeed, there seems to be no obvious reason why bėdà and Latv. bę̀da `sorrow, grief, distress' should not be old. These words could be connected with bãdas `hunger' and Skt. bā́dhate `oppress' (Būga l.c., Derksen 1996: 258). However, a dilemma arises if we consider that Slavic běditi `force, persuade' cannot be separated from Go. baidjan `force'. We must either declare the Baltic forms borrowings or assume that in Slavic *běd- < *bhoidh- and *běd- < *bʰēdʰ- were contaminated (cf. Anikin 1998: 39). In the latter case OCS běda `distress' and `necessity' would continue different roots. This is a possibility which cannot be excluded. The hypothesis that Lith. baidýti `to scare' < *bʰiH- `to fear' is cognate with *bē̌dà and *běditi (cf. Trubačëv II: 55-56) must be rejected, if only on formal grounds.
    Other cognates:
    Alb. be `oath' [f] \{2\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} The vocalism of Modern Polish bieda `id.' is of Mazowian origin, cf. biada `woe!'. \{2\} According to Būga (RR I: 345-346), Lith. bėdà 4 `misfortune, trouble, guilt' is probably not a borrowing from Slavic because it has ė instead of the expected ie (cf. biẽdnas `poor'). Indeed, there seems to be no obvious reason why bėdà and Latv. bę̀da `sorrow, grief, distress' should not be old. These words could be connected with bãdas `hunger' and Skt. bā́dhate `oppress' (Būga l.c., Derksen 1996: 258). However, a dilemma arises if we consider that Slavic běditi `force, persuade' cannot be separated from Go. baidjan `force'. We must either declare the Baltic forms borrowings or assume that in Slavic *běd- < *bhoidh- and *běd- < *bʰēdʰ- were contaminated (cf. Anikin 1998: 39). In the latter case OCS běda `distress' and `necessity' would continue different roots. This is a possibility which cannot be excluded. The hypothesis that Lith. baidýti `to scare' < *bʰiH- `to fear' is cognate with *bē̌dà and *běditi (cf. Trubačëv II: 55-56) must be rejected, if only on formal grounds. \{3\} Demiraj prefers *bʰeidʰ-i-s to an ā-stem (1997: 94).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bě̄dà

  • 2 blǫ̑dъ

    blǫ̑dъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `delusion'
    Page in Trubačev: II 126-127
    Old Church Slavic:
    blǫdъ `debauchery, depravity, adultery' [m o]
    Russian:
    blud `lechery, fornication, (dial.) evil spirit that leads the drunk astray' [m o]
    Czech:
    blud `mistake, delusion, insanity' [m o];
    bloud `fool' [m o] \{1\}
    Slovak:
    blud `mistake, delusion, insanity' [m o]
    Polish:
    bɫąd `mistake, delusion' [m o], bɫędu [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    blȗd `mistake, delusion, lechery, adultery' [m o]
    Slovene:
    blǫ̑d `mistake, delusion, voluptuousness' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    blud `fornication, adultery, time of unrest' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: blondos
    Lithuanian:
    blañdas `cloudiness, obscuration of mind or eyesight, drowsiness' [m o];
    blandà `fog' [f ā] 4;
    blandùs `dim, cloudy, thick (soup)' [adj u]
    Latvian:
    bluods `evil spirit that leads one astray, wood-goblin' [m o]
    Page in Pokorny: 157
    Comments: Deverbative o-stem with o-grade in the root of *bʰlend-. Skt. bradhná- (RV+) `pale ruddy, yellowish, bay' [adj], which has been assumed to be cogtyy o- rather belongs together with * bronъ.
    Other cognates:
    OIc. blundr `slumber' [m o]
    Notes:
    \{1\} According to Verweij (1994: 52), the originally long root vowel of Cz. bloud may be a vestige of the accent paradigm to which *blǫdъ belonged prior to the operation of Illič-Svityč's law.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > blǫ̑dъ

  • 3 brȏdъ

    brȏdъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `ford'
    Page in Trubačev: III 36-37
    Church Slavic:
    brodъ (RuCS) `ford' [m o]
    Russian:
    brod `ford' [m o], bróda [Gens], bródov [Genp]
    Ukrainian:
    brid `ford' [m o], bródu [Gens]
    Czech:
    brod `ford' [m o]
    Slovak:
    brod `ford' [m o]
    Polish:
    bród `ford' [m o], brodu [Gens]
    Upper Sorbian:
    bród `ford' [m o], broda [Gens]
    Lower Sorbian:
    brod `ford' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    brȏd `ford, ship' [m o], brȍda [Gens];
    Čak. brȏd (Vrgada) `ship' [m o], brȍda [Gens];
    Čak. brȏd (Novi) `ship' [m o], brȍda [Gens];
    Čak. brȏt (Orbanići) `ship' [m o], brȍde [Locs]
    Slovene:
    brọ̑d `ford, harbour, ferry' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    brod `ford' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: brodos
    Lithuanian:
    brãdas `muddy spot or road, ford, fishing net' [m o];
    bradà `muddy spot or road, ford' [f ā]
    Latvian:
    brads `ford' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰrodʰ-o-
    IE meaning: ford
    Page in Pokorny: 164

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > brȏdъ

  • 4 dàti

    dàti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `give'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 194-195
    Old Church Slavic:
    dati `give' [verb], damь [1sg], dasi [2sg], dastъ [3sg], damъ [1pl], daste [2pl], dadętъ [3pl]
    Russian:
    dat' `give' [verb], dam [1sg], daš' [2sg], dast [3sg], dadím [1pl], dadíte [2pl], dadút [3pl]
    Czech:
    dáti `give' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    dáti `give' [verb], dám [1sg], dáš [2sg], dádie [3pl]
    Slovak:
    dáti (OSlk.) `give' [verb];
    dat' `give' [verb]
    Polish:
    dać `give' [verb], dam [1sg], dadzą [3pl]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dȁti `give' [verb], dȃm [1sg], dámo [1pl];
    Čak. dȁti (Vrgada) `give' [verb], då̃š [2sg], då̑dȅš [2sg];
    Čak. dȁt (Orbanići) `give' [verb], dãn [1sg], dāmȍ [1pl]
    Slovene:
    dáti `give' [verb], dám [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    dam `give' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: doʔtei; doʔd-mi [1sg]
    Lithuanian:
    dúoti `give' [verb]
    Latvian:
    duôt `give' [verb]
    Old Prussian:
    dāt `give' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: deh₃-; didh₃-
    IE meaning: give
    Page in Pokorny: 223
    Comments: In the reduplicated present the first element became acute as a result of Winter's law.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. δίδωμι `give' [verb];
    Skt. dádāti `give' [verb];
    Lat. dāre `give' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dàti

  • 5 desiti

    desiti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `find, encounter'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 217-218
    Old Church Slavic:
    desiti `find, encounter' [verb], dešǫ [1sg]
    Church Slavic:
    desiti (RuCS) `find, encounter' [verb];
    děsiti (RuCS) `find, encounter' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    poděsiti `catch up with, get hold of' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dèsiti (Vuk) `encounter' [verb], dȅsīm [1sg];
    dȅsiti `find, encounter' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: deḱ-
    Page in Pokorny: 189
    Other cognates:
    Skt. daśasyáti `honour, serve' [verb];
    Gk. δέκομαι (Ion., Aeol.) `accept' [verb];
    Lat. decet `it suits, becomes' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > desiti

  • 6 dositi

    dositi Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `find, encounter'
    Page in Trubačev: V 82
    Church Slavic:
    dositi (RuCS) `find, encounter' [verb]
    Old Russian:
    dositi `find, encounter' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: doḱ-
    Page in Pokorny: 189
    Comments: Variant with o-grade of -> * desiti.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. daśasyáti `honour, serve' [verb];
    Gk. (Ion., Aeol.) δέκομαι `accept' [verb];
    Lat. decet `it suits, becomes' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dositi

  • 7 goditi

    goditi Grammatical information: v.
    Page in Trubačev: VI 188-190
    Old Church Slavic:
    godę `pleasing' [Nomsm pprsa]
    Church Slavic:
    goditi `please, satisfy' [verb]
    Russian:
    godít' `wait, loiter' [verb], gožú [1sg], godít [3sg];
    godít'sja `be suited' [verb], gožús' [1sg], godítsja [3sg]
    Czech:
    hoditi `throw' [verb];
    hoditi se `throw at one another, suit, agree' [verb]
    Polish:
    godzić `reconcile, unite, heal' [verb];
    godzić się `agree, succeed' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    gòditi `please' [verb];
    Čak. godȉt (Orbanići) `please' [verb]
    Slovene:
    godíti `rear, please' [verb], godím;
    godíti se `succeed, take place' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: godos / gōdos
    Lithuanian:
    guõdas `honour, worship, hospitality' [m o]
    Latvian:
    gùods `honour, banquet, wedding' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: gʰodʰ-
    Page in Pokorny: 423
    Other cognates:
    Go. goʮs `good' [adj];
    OHG guot `good' [adj]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > goditi

  • 8 godъ

    godъ Grammatical information: m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `right time'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 191-192
    Old Church Slavic:
    godъ `time, suitable time, holiday, year' [m o]
    Russian:
    god `year' [m o]
    Czech:
    hod `religious holiday' [m o];
    hody `feast' [Nomp o]
    Polish:
    gody `feast' [Nomp o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    gȏd `important holiday, year, right time' [m o];
    Čak. gȏd (Vrgada) `name day, memorial day, anniversary' [m o];
    Čak. guȏt (Orbanići) `holiday, special event (?)' [m o]
    Slovene:
    gọ̑d `right time, moment, maturity' [m o/u], gọ̑da [Gens], godȗ [Gens]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: godos / gōdos
    Lithuanian:
    guõdas `honour, worship, hospitality' [m o]
    Latvian:
    gùods `honour, banquet, wedding' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: gʰodʰ-o-
    Page in Pokorny: 423
    Other cognates:
    Go. goʮs `good' [adj];
    OHG guot `good' [adj]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > godъ

  • 9 gȏrdъ

    gȏrdъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `fortification, town'
    Page in Trubačev: VII 37-38
    Old Church Slavic:
    gradъ `wall, town, city, garden' [m o]
    Russian:
    górod `town, city' [m o], góroda [Gens]
    Belorussian:
    hórad `town, city' [m o], hórada [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    hórod `town, city' [m o], hóroda [Gens]
    Czech:
    hrad `fortress, castle' [m o]
    Slovak:
    hrad `castle' [m o]
    Polish:
    gród `fortress, castle, (arch.) city' [m o], grodu [Gens]
    Upper Sorbian:
    hród `castle' [m o], hrodu [Gens], hroda [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    grȃd `city, fortress, castle' [m o], grȃda [Gens];
    Čak. grå̑d (Vrgada) `city' [m o], grå̑da [Gens]
    Slovene:
    grȃd `city, fortress, castle' [m o/u], grȃda [Gens], gradȗ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    grad `city, fortress' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: gordos
    Lithuanian:
    gar̃das `fence, enclosure, stall' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: gʰordʰ-o-
    Other cognates:
    Skt. gr̯há- `house, residence'
    ;
    Go. gards `house'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > gȏrdъ

  • 10 gordjь

    gordjь; górdja Grammatical information: m. jo; f. jā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `fence'
    Page in Trubačev: VII 36-37
    Old Church Slavic:
    graždъ (Supr.) `stable' [Accsm jo]
    Russian:
    goróža `fence, palisade' [f jā]
    Czech:
    hráz `dike, dam' [f jā]
    Old Czech:
    hrázě `pisé wall, garden fence, dam' [f jā]
    Slovak:
    hrádza `dam, weir, embankment, ditch' [f jā]
    Polish:
    grodza `pisé wall, enclosure' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    grȃđa `building material, (dial.) fence' [f jā];
    Čak. grãja (Orbanići) `thornbush (at the roadside), thorny branches (used by way of fence) [f jā]
    Slovene:
    grája `fence, weir, building' [f jā]
    Lithuanian:
    gar̃das `fence, enclosure, stall' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: gʰordʰ-i-o-
    Other cognates:
    Skt. gr̯há- `house, residence'
    ;
    Go. gards `house'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > gordjь

  • 11 gordja

    gordjь; górdja Grammatical information: m. jo; f. jā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `fence'
    Page in Trubačev: VII 36-37
    Old Church Slavic:
    graždъ (Supr.) `stable' [Accsm jo]
    Russian:
    goróža `fence, palisade' [f jā]
    Czech:
    hráz `dike, dam' [f jā]
    Old Czech:
    hrázě `pisé wall, garden fence, dam' [f jā]
    Slovak:
    hrádza `dam, weir, embankment, ditch' [f jā]
    Polish:
    grodza `pisé wall, enclosure' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    grȃđa `building material, (dial.) fence' [f jā];
    Čak. grãja (Orbanići) `thornbush (at the roadside), thorny branches (used by way of fence) [f jā]
    Slovene:
    grája `fence, weir, building' [f jā]
    Lithuanian:
    gar̃das `fence, enclosure, stall' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: gʰordʰ-i-o-
    Other cognates:
    Skt. gr̯há- `house, residence'
    ;
    Go. gards `house'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > gordja

  • 12 gràdъ

    gràdъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `hail'
    Page in Trubačev: VII 101
    Old Church Slavic:
    gradъ `hail' [m o]
    Russian:
    grad `hail' [m o]
    Czech:
    hrady `thundercloud' [Nompm o];
    hrad' (dial.) `hail' [f i]
    Old Czech:
    hrad `hail' [m o]
    Slovak:
    hrad (dial.) `hail' [m o];
    hrád (dial.) `hail' [m o]
    Polish:
    grad `hail' [m o]
    Slovincian:
    grǻu̯d `hail' [m o], grãdu [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    grȁd `hail' [m o], grȁda [Gens];
    Čak. grȁt (Orbanići) `hail' [m o], grȁda [Gens]
    Slovene:
    gràd `hail' [m o], gráda [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    grad `hail' [m o]
    Lithuanian:
    grúodas `frozen earth or mud' [m o] 3 \{1\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: groHd-o- (greH₃d-?)
    Other cognates:
    Lat. grandō `hail' [f];
    Arm. karkut `hail'
    Notes:
    \{1\} Unless this word is connected with -> *grǫda, * gruda `heap, lump', Lith. grū́das `corn' etc., as advocated by Trubačëv.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > gràdъ

  • 13 lȇdъ

    lȇdъ Grammatical information: m. o(/u) Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `ice'
    Page in Trubačev: XIV 91-92
    Old Church Slavic:
    ledъ (Supr.) `ice' [m o]
    Russian:
    lëd `ice' [m o], l'da [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    lid `ice' [m o], l'ódu [Gens]
    Czech:
    led `ice' [m o]
    Slovak:
    l'ad `ice' [m o]
    Polish:
    lód `ice' [m o], lodu [Gens]
    Upper Sorbian:
    lód `ice' [m o], lodu [Gens], loda [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lȇd `ice' [m o], lȅda [Geʌs];
    Čak. lȇd (Vrgada) `ice' [m o], lȅda [Gens];
    Čak. lȇd (Novi) `ice' [m o], lȅda [Gens];
    Čak. liȇt (Orbanići) `ice, cold, frost' [m o], lȅda [Gens]
    Slovene:
    lę̑d `ice' [m o/u], lę̑da [Gens], ledȗ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    led `ice' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ledús
    Lithuanian:
    lẽdas `ice' [m o] 4;
    ledùs `ice' [m u] 4
    Latvian:
    lędus `ice' [m u]
    Old Prussian:
    ladis (EV) `ice'
    Indo-European reconstruction: ledʰ-u-s

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > lȇdъ

  • 14 mьglà

    mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'
    Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94
    Old Church Slavic:
    mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Russian:
    mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];
    mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]
    Czech:
    mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Old Czech:
    mhla `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Polish:
    mgɫa `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    mihel `wet mist, drizzle' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];
    Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;
    Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};
    mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláH
    Lithuanian:
    miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;
    miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;
    mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]
    Latvian:
    migla `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mìegs `sleep' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    maiggun `sleep' [asgf]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂
    IE meaning: mist, cloud
    Page in Pokorny: 712
    Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'
    ;
    Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];
    Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];
    Av. maēɣa- `cloud'
    ;
    Arm. mēg `mist';
    MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mьglà

  • 15 mьgà

    mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'
    Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94
    Old Church Slavic:
    mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Russian:
    mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];
    mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]
    Czech:
    mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Old Czech:
    mhla `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Polish:
    mgɫa `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    mihel `wet mist, drizzle' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];
    Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;
    Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};
    mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláH
    Lithuanian:
    miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;
    miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;
    mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]
    Latvian:
    migla `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mìegs `sleep' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    maiggun `sleep' [asgf]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂
    IE meaning: mist, cloud
    Page in Pokorny: 712
    Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'
    ;
    Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];
    Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];
    Av. maēɣa- `cloud'
    ;
    Arm. mēg `mist';
    MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mьgà

  • 16 miglъ

    mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'
    Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94
    Old Church Slavic:
    mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Russian:
    mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];
    mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]
    Czech:
    mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Old Czech:
    mhla `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Polish:
    mgɫa `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    mihel `wet mist, drizzle' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];
    Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;
    Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};
    mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláH
    Lithuanian:
    miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;
    miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;
    mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]
    Latvian:
    migla `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mìegs `sleep' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    maiggun `sleep' [asgf]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂
    IE meaning: mist, cloud
    Page in Pokorny: 712
    Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'
    ;
    Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];
    Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];
    Av. maēɣa- `cloud'
    ;
    Arm. mēg `mist';
    MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > miglъ

  • 17 nevodъ

    nevodъ Grammatical information: m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `seine, sweep-net'
    Page in Trubačev: XXV 81-84
    Old Church Slavic:
    nevodъ `seine, sweep-net' [m o]
    Russian:
    névod `seine, sweep-net' [m o];
    névod (dial.) `big fishing-net, net for fishing in winter' [m o];
    nëvod (dial.) `big fishing-net, net for fishing in winter' [m o]
    Czech:
    nevod `seine, sweep-net' [m o]
    Old Czech:
    nevod `seine, sweep-net' [m o]
    Polish:
    niewód `seine, sweep-net' [m o], niewodu [Gens]
    Old Polish:
    niewod `type of big fishing-net' [m o];
    niewód `type of big fishing-net' [m o]
    Lower Sorbian:
    nawod `seine, sweep-net' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    nevod (Stulli) `net' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    névod `seine, sweep-net' [m o];
    návod (dial.) `seine, sweep-net' [m o]
    Lithuanian:
    vãdas `seine, sweep-net' [m o] 4
    Latvian:
    vads `seine, sweep-net' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: ne-uodʰ-o-
    Other cognates:
    OIc. vađr `fishing-line'
    ;
    MHG wate `fishing-net' [f];
    MLG wade `fishing-net' [f]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > nevodъ

  • 18 podъ

    I. podъ I Grammatical information: prep./pref.
    Old Church Slavic:
    podъ `under, towards (of time)' [prep/pref]
    Russian:
    pod(o) `under, near, towards (of time)' [prep/pref]
    Czech:
    pod(e) `under' [prep/pref]
    Slovak:
    pod(e) `under' [prep/pref]
    Polish:
    pod(e) `under, near, towards (of time)' [prep/pref]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    pod(a) `under' [prep/pref];
    Čak. pod(ȃ\ȁ) (Orbanići) `under, beneath' [prep/pref]
    Slovene:
    pòd `under, towards (of time)' [prep/pref]
    Bulgarian:
    pod `under' [prep/pref]
    Comments: An extended form of *po. Perhaps essentially the same as podъ II < * h₂po-dʰh₁-o-.
    II. podъ II Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b/c Proto-Slavic meaning: `floor, ground'
    Russian:
    pod `hearth-stone, sole (of furnace)' [m o], póda [Gens];
    pôd (Rjaza n') `hearth-stone, sole (of furnace)' [m o], pôda [Gens]
    Old Russian:
    podъ `floor, bottom' [m o]
    Ukrainian:
    pid (dial.) `hay-stack floor' [m o], póda [Gens]
    Czech:
    půda `floor, bottom' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    pȏd `floor, ground' [m o], pȍda [Gens];
    pȍd (Vuk) `floor, ground' [m o], pȍda [Gens];
    Čak. pȍd (Vrgada) `floor, ground' [m o], podȁ [Gens];
    Čak. pȍd (Novi) `floor, ground' [m o], podȁ [Gens];
    Kajk. pȅd (Bednja) `floor, ground' [m o], pyedȁ [Gens]
    Slovene:
    pòd `floor, threshing floor, attic' [m o], póda [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    pod `floor' [m o]
    Lithuanian:
    pãdas `sole, metatarsus, floor of a stove, (E. Lith. ) clay threshing-floor' [m o] 2
    Latvian:
    pads `stone floor' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂po-dʰh₁-o-

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > podъ

  • 19 pridъ

    prídъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `addition'
    Serbo-Croatian:
    prȋd `addition, supplement' [m o], prȋda [Gens];
    prȋd (Slavonia, Croatia) `addition, supplement' [m o], prída [Gens]
    Slovene:
    prìd `use, advantage' [m o], prída [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    prídăt `(the) gift to the bride' [m o]
    Lithuanian:
    priẽdas `addition, bonus, supplement' [m o] 2
    Latvian:
    priẽds `bonus' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: prei-dh₃-o-m

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > pridъ

  • 20 rȗdъ

    rȗdъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: c
    Russian:
    rúdyj (dial.) `blood-red' [adj o];
    rudój (dial.) `red, red-haired (S., W.), dirty (Smol.)' [adj o]
    Czech:
    rudý `red, reddish' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    rudý `red, reddish' [adj o]
    Polish:
    rudy `reddish' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    rȗd `reddish, rust-coloured' [adj o], rúda [Gens]
    Slovene:
    rȗd `reddish' [adj o]
    Bulgarian:
    rud `blood-red' [adj o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: roudos
    Lithuanian:
    raũdas `reddish brown, bay, reddish' [adj o]
    Latvian:
    raũds `red, reddish brown, `light bay' [adj o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁roudʰ-o-
    Other cognates:
    Lat. (dial.) rūfus `red-haired, reddish' [adj];
    Go. rauʮs `red' [adj]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > rȗdъ

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