-
21 NBCC
1) Военный термин: nuclear, biological, chemical, conventional2) Строительство: (National Building Code of Canada) Национальный строительный стандарт Канады3) Религия: New Birth Christian Church4) Общественная организация: National Breast Cancer Coalition -
22 WCBG
1) ООН: WTO Capacity Building Group2) Общественная организация: White Crane Bamboo Group, Windward Coalition for Better Government -
23 объединение
1) General subject: aggregating, alliance, amalgamation, association, banding (действие), co-operation, coalescence (в группы), coalition, combine, community, copulation, corporation, embodiment, federation, fusion, hui, incorporation, merger, pool, rally, reunion (бывших противников), society, team up, team-up, unification, union, unionization, unifying, cluster, gathering2) Medicine: aggregation3) French: bloc4) Obsolete: conjuncture5) Literal: solder6) Military: build-up, command, force, large command, large unit, (воинская) military formation7) Engineering: collating (перфокарт), collation (перфокарт), conjunction, consolidation (предприятий), crowding, firm, integration, merge, merging, multiplex, multiplexing8) Bookish: consociation9) Construction: venture10) Mathematics: aggregate, collection, grouping, integrating, join, population, sum (множеств), syndicate, the sum total, totality, universe11) Religion: consociation (An association in fellowship or alliance)12) British English: company13) Railway term: commoning, interconnection (энергосистем)14) Law: block, connection (политическое, коммерческое), connexion (политическое, коммерческое), joinder, joining, junction, rejoinder, uniting (of states) (государств)15) Economy: link-up (фирм), pool (картельного типа между конкурентами), pool (соглашение картельного типа между конкурентами), pooling (напр. прибылей), unification of products16) Accounting: amalgamation (различаются два типа - поглощение и слияние), combination (различаются два типа - поглощение и слияние), institution, linking17) Architecture: unification (действие)18) Diplomatic term: union (государств)19) Information technology: collate, crowd, mesh, meshing, pack (нескольких элементов данных в памяти), packing (нескольких элементов данных в памяти), trunking (каналов), union (в ООП), uniting20) Astronautics: combining, splicing, incorporating21) Geophysics: (сейсмических профилей) merging23) Patents: incorporation (признаков изобретения)24) Business: fusing, organization, consortium25) SAP. bundle26) Drilling: interconnection (напр. систем)27) Sakhalin energy glossary: field office28) American English: association or merger ( civilian), formation (military)30) leg.N.P. corporation (as distinguished from "foundation")31) General subject: merge (потоков масла гидросистемы)32) Makarov: amalgam, amalgamate, assemblage, assembling, assembly, band, banking, block (блок), body corporate, building (of compound members), community (людей), complex, front, fuse, ganging (в группу), integration (в одно целое), merger (банков, предприятий и т.п.), packaging, packing (команд), rally (сил, действий), synthesis33) Ethology: affiliation34) SAP.fin. bolt-on35) Logistics: consolidating36) Foreign Ministry: major formation37) Electrical engineering: interconnection (энергосистемы) -
24 соединение
1) General subject: Junc., agglutination, aggregate, alliance, amalgam, association, coaptation (костных обломков при переломе, краёв раны), combination (хим., мат.), composition, compound, confluence (дорог), conflux, congery, conjugation, conjunction, connection, copulation, coupling, coupling (космических кораблей), formation, hook-up, hookup, interconnection, join, joining, joint, junction, juncture, ligature, linkage, linking, marriage, tie, twinning, union, unit, integration, mergence, interjunction4) Medicine: adhesion, aggregation, coalescence (напр. костей), communication, communication (в анатомии), fusion (напр. отломков кости), interlocking5) Obsolete: conjuncture6) Military: body, body of troops, command, (механическое)(химическое) compound, (механическое) connection, (механическое) coupling, force, (войсковое) formation, (механическое) joint, junction (манёвр), large command, link-up (десанта с наземными войсками), major formation, major unit, military force, (воинская) military formation, organization, tactical organization7) Engineering: assemblage, binding, bonding, catenation, conductive track, conductor track, contexture, fastening, highway, integral joint, interconnection track, joining-up, joint assembly, jointing, mating, meeting, (временное) patcher, seaming, spicing, wiring track8) Bookish: adunation, inosculation9) Agriculture: junction (труб), pairing (хромосом)10) Rare: conflation11) Chemistry: articulating, banding, compounding, linking together, species12) Construction: (электрическое) contact, joining together, link, making a connection, bonding bar, clasp13) Anatomy: ally, commissure, raphe14) Mathematics: associating, confounding, coufounding, juxtaposing, juxtaposition, pooling15) Railway term: coalition, combining, turning joint16) Law: joinder17) Economy: pair18) Linguistics: collection19) Automobile industry: bridging, composite, connecting, coupling joint, interconnecting, loose coupling cвoбoднoe, splicing20) Architecture: linking link, union (в т.ч. и соединение частей здания, конструкций или деталей)21) Mining: bond, collar, hookup (сети при электровзрывании), joist, tie-in22) Diplomatic term: connexion ( connection)23) Forestry: assembly, consolidation24) Metallurgy: engagement25) Polygraphy: building, manifolding (разнородных материалов)26) Psychology: concatenation (событий, идей)27) Telecommunications: trunking28) Electronics: abutment joint, bending, brazen seal, grouping (в треугольник), plugging, shunt29) Information technology: bond (электрическое), concatenation, connexion, getting connected, join (операция над отношениями в реляционных базах данных), liaison, link (в сети), nexus, patch (временное)30) Oil: coalescence (нефтяных капелек эмульсии при действии реагента), coupling (постановка( вагона в поезд), перемещение точек), mating (спейсера и платформы), toe31) Special term: suture32) Communications: call setup (напр., с абонентом мобильной связи)33) Astronautics: docking, fitting, formulation, link-up, linking up, strapping34) Geophysics: contact35) Mechanic engineering: connecting box, connecting shaft, governor36) Metrology: bond37) Mechanics: commutation38) Perfume: coherence39) Power engineering: bond40) Business: amalgamation, coupling together, merger41) SAP. rel., relatshp42) Drilling: attachment, close, conn (connection), cplg (coupling)44) Microelectronics: conducting line, conductor line, connector, interconnect line, interconnection line, intraconnection, line, wire, wiring line45) Network technologies: Connection (В среде коммутируемых виртуальных соединений (SVC) объекты управления LANE устанавливают соединение с использованием сигнализации UNI), Connection (Соединение ATM представляет собой объединение (конкатенацию) связей (link) уровня ATM для обеспечения сквозной передачи информации в точке доступа), connective46) Automation: bind, (при) bonding, clutch, (химическое) compound, connection joint, interlinking, linkup, (временное) patch (в сети), tangency (линий)47) Robots: interlock( взаимное), join (действие над отношениями в реляционной базе данных)48) Cables: bond, connection (электрическое), joining (деталей), mixture49) Makarov: apposition, article, articulation, association (действие), blend, blending, combine, commissure (анат., бот), compound (химическое), conjunction (объединение), conjunction (связь), connection (деталей болтами, сваркой, клёпкой и т.п.), connection (эл., радио), connectivity, connexion (деталей болтами, сваркой, клёпкой и т.п.), connexion (эл., радио), coupler, fitment, force (воинское), gang, grafting (досок и т.п.), halving, in-between, interconnexion, interlock, joint (деталей болтами, сваркой, клёпкой и т.п.), seam, splice (внахлёстку), tack, track, wedding50) Gold mining: complex51) Internet: Contention (Состояние, возникающее при обмене данными между двумя или несколькими станциями по одной линии или каналу)52) Electrochemistry: bond53) SAP.tech. edge, relationship54) oil&gas: pipe joint55) Foreign Ministry: tactical formation56) Electrical engineering: bond, splicing (внахлёстку) -
25 Regierungsfunktion
Regierungsfunktion
governmental function;
• Regierungsgebäude government office (building);
• Regierungsgeschäfte business of government;
• Regierungsgeschäfte führen (wahrnehmen) to administer the government, to mind the store (US);
• von einem Ministerium ausgeübte Regierungsgewalt consolidated government;
• zentrale Regierungsgewalt big government (US);
• Regierungsgewalt erringen (an sich reißen) to force one’s way into government;
• Regierungskoalition coalition in power;
• Regierungskommissar state commissioner;
• Regierungskommission government commission;
• Regierungskonferenz intergovernmental conference (IGC);
• Regierungskreise government circles;
• Regierungskrise cabinet crisis;
• Regierungsmaschinerie government apparatus;
• Regierungsmaßnahmen behindern to obstruct governmental operations;
• Regierungsmehrheit government’s majority;
• Regierungsmitglied cabinet minister (officer, US), member of the government;
• Regierungsorgan organ of the government, governmental body (US);
• Regierungspartei governing party, party in power, ins;
• Regierungspartei werden to get in;
• Regierungspolitik unterstützen to support the government (Br.);
• Regierungsposten cabinet job;
• Regierungsprogramm government plan (program(me));
• Regierungssachverständiger government expert;
• Regierungssitz seat of the government;
• Regierungssprecher government spokesman (speaker);
• Regierungsstelle governmental agency, government department (Br.);
• Regierungssturz subversion (overthrow, fall) of the government;
• Regierungssystem governmental system;
• parlamentarisches Regierungssystem parliamentary regime, parliamentarianism;
• Regierungstätigkeit governmental action (activity);
• Regierungsübernahme accession to power;
• Regierungsumbildung reshuffle of the government;
• stabile Regierungsverhältnisse stable government;
• Regierungsverlautbarung government communiqué;
• Regierungsvertreter government delegate (agent, US);
• Regierungsviertel center (US) (centre, Br.) of government;
• Regierungsvorlage ministerial (government, public, administration, US) bill, command paper (Br.);
• Regierungswechsel change in the cabinet;
• Regierungszeit period of rule;
• Regierungszugehörigkeit membership of the cabinet;
• Regierungszusage administration’s commitments (US);
• Regierungszusammenarbeit intergovernmental cooperation;
• Regierungszuschuss [government] grant, grant-in-aid (US). -
26 formar
v.1 to form.Sus manos formaron bolitas Her hands formed little balls.formar una bola con algo to make something into a ballformar un equipo to make up a teamformar una asociación cultural to set up a cultural organizationformar parte de to form o be part offorma parte del equipo she's a member of the team2 to train, to educate.Los maestros forman a los alumnos The teachers educated the students.3 to form up (military).4 to fall in (military).¡a formar! fall in!5 to instruct, to shape.El entrenador formó a los jugadores The coach instructed the players.* * *1 (gen) to form2 (integrar, constituir) to form, constitute3 (educar) to bring up4 (enseñar) to educate1 MILITAR (colocarse) to form up1 (desarrollarse) to grow, develop2 (educarse) to be educated, be trained\¡a formar! MILITAR fall in!* * *verb1) to form2) educate, train3) constitute•- formarse* * *1. VT1) [+ figura] to form, makelos barracones se disponen formando un cuadrado — the barrack huts are arranged forming o making a square
los curiosos formaron un círculo a su alrededor — the onlookers formed o made a circle around him
2) (=crear) [+ organización, partido, alianza] to form¿cómo se forma el subjuntivo? — how do you form the subjunctive?
3) (=constituir) to make uplos chiitas forman el 60% de la población — the Shiites make up o form 60% of the population
las dos juntas formaban un dúo de humoristas insuperable — the two of them together made an unbeatable comedy duo
•
estar formado por — to be made up ofla asociación está formada por parados y amas de casa — the association is made up of unemployed and housewives
•
formar parte de — to be part ofnuestros soldados formarán parte de las tropas de paz — our soldiers will be part of the peace-keeping force
el edificio forma parte del recinto de la catedral — the building is o forms part of the cathedral precinct
4) (=enseñar) [+ personal, monitor, técnico] to train; [+ alumno] to educate5) [+ juicio, opinión] to form6) (Mil) to order to fall inel sargento formó a los reclutas — the sergeant had the recruits fall in, the sergeant ordered the recruits to fall in
2. VI1) (Mil) to fall in¡a formar! — fall in!
2) (Dep) to line uplos equipos formaron así:... — the teams lined up as follows:...
3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) personas <círculo/figura> to make, form; <asociación/gobierno> to form, set up; barricada to set upformen parejas — ( en clase) get into pairs o twos; ( en baile) take your partners
b) (Ling) to formc) (Mil) < tropas> to have... fall in2) ( componer) to make upformar parte de algo — to be part of something, to belong to something
está formada por tres provincias — it is made up of o it comprises three provinces
forman un ángulo recto — they form o make a right angle
3) <carácter/espíritu> to form, shape4) ( educar) to bring up; ( para trabajo) to train2.formar vi (Mil) to fall in3.formarse v pron1)a) (hacerse, crearse) to formse formó una cola — a line (AmE) o (BrE) queue formed
b) ( desarrollarse) niño/huesos to developc) <idea/opinión> to form2) ( educarse) to be educated* * *= fall into, form, make up, train, coach, make, populate, pull together, groom.Ex. Certain words may fall into a short list of 35 common words such as analysis, which do not give rise to inversion within the cross-reference.Ex. Formed in 1969, the first operational system was implemented in 1972-3.Ex. Each volume is make up of several issues which appear in the next lower level.Ex. The larger abstracting organisations train their own abstractors.Ex. The rapidly changing environment is forcing many librarians to seek new strategies for coaching researchers through the maze of electronic information sources = Los continuos cambios de nuestro entorno están obligando a muchos bibliotecarios a encontrar nuevas estrategias para guiar a los investigadores por el laberinto de las fuentes de información electrónicas.Ex. This concept comes mainly from the military, where a designated number of troops make a squad, a platoon, a regiment, etc..Ex. One way librarians can add value is by carefully selecting, evaluating, and describing the resources that populate their Internet collections.Ex. This library decided to launch an attack on illiteracy by pulling together a variety of approaches to learning to read.Ex. Iran is trying to form an unholy alliance with al-Qaeda by grooming a new generation of leaders to take over from Osama bin Laden.----* a medio formar = half-formed.* entrar a formar parte de = enter in.* formado por británicos = British-trained.* formar el núcleo = form + the nucleus.* formar en su conjunto = weave + to form.* formar fila = line up.* formar la base = form + the foundation.* formar la base de = form + the basis of.* formar parejas = pair up, pair off.* formar parte = form + part.* formar parte de = be part of, build into, enter into, become + (a) part of, be a part of, inhere in, become + one with, inform, fall under.* formar parte del paisaje = blend into + the landscape.* formar parte de un comité = serve on + committee.* formar parte integral = form + an integral part.* formar parte integral de = be part and parcel of, be an integral part of.* formar parte natural de su entorno = blend into + the landscape.* formar personal = produce + personnel.* formar remolinos = swirl.* formarse = shape up.* formarse una opinión = form + impression.* formar una cola = form + queue.* formar una colección = build + collection.* formar un comité = set up + committee.* formar un consorcio = form + consortium.* formar un grupo = set up + group.* formar un grupo de presión = form + lobby.* formar un piquete frente a = picket.* integrar formando un todo = articulate.* llamamiento para formar parte de un jurado = jury duty.* piedra + charca + formar + ondas = stone + pond + cast + ripples.* que forma parte de la cultura = culturally-embedded.* que forma parte en = involved in.* seda formando aguas = watered silk.* volver a formarse = reform.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) personas <círculo/figura> to make, form; <asociación/gobierno> to form, set up; barricada to set upformen parejas — ( en clase) get into pairs o twos; ( en baile) take your partners
b) (Ling) to formc) (Mil) < tropas> to have... fall in2) ( componer) to make upformar parte de algo — to be part of something, to belong to something
está formada por tres provincias — it is made up of o it comprises three provinces
forman un ángulo recto — they form o make a right angle
3) <carácter/espíritu> to form, shape4) ( educar) to bring up; ( para trabajo) to train2.formar vi (Mil) to fall in3.formarse v pron1)a) (hacerse, crearse) to formse formó una cola — a line (AmE) o (BrE) queue formed
b) ( desarrollarse) niño/huesos to developc) <idea/opinión> to form2) ( educarse) to be educated* * *= fall into, form, make up, train, coach, make, populate, pull together, groom.Ex: Certain words may fall into a short list of 35 common words such as analysis, which do not give rise to inversion within the cross-reference.
Ex: Formed in 1969, the first operational system was implemented in 1972-3.Ex: Each volume is make up of several issues which appear in the next lower level.Ex: The larger abstracting organisations train their own abstractors.Ex: The rapidly changing environment is forcing many librarians to seek new strategies for coaching researchers through the maze of electronic information sources = Los continuos cambios de nuestro entorno están obligando a muchos bibliotecarios a encontrar nuevas estrategias para guiar a los investigadores por el laberinto de las fuentes de información electrónicas.Ex: This concept comes mainly from the military, where a designated number of troops make a squad, a platoon, a regiment, etc..Ex: One way librarians can add value is by carefully selecting, evaluating, and describing the resources that populate their Internet collections.Ex: This library decided to launch an attack on illiteracy by pulling together a variety of approaches to learning to read.Ex: Iran is trying to form an unholy alliance with al-Qaeda by grooming a new generation of leaders to take over from Osama bin Laden.* a medio formar = half-formed.* entrar a formar parte de = enter in.* formado por británicos = British-trained.* formar el núcleo = form + the nucleus.* formar en su conjunto = weave + to form.* formar fila = line up.* formar la base = form + the foundation.* formar la base de = form + the basis of.* formar parejas = pair up, pair off.* formar parte = form + part.* formar parte de = be part of, build into, enter into, become + (a) part of, be a part of, inhere in, become + one with, inform, fall under.* formar parte del paisaje = blend into + the landscape.* formar parte de un comité = serve on + committee.* formar parte integral = form + an integral part.* formar parte integral de = be part and parcel of, be an integral part of.* formar parte natural de su entorno = blend into + the landscape.* formar personal = produce + personnel.* formar remolinos = swirl.* formarse = shape up.* formarse una opinión = form + impression.* formar una cola = form + queue.* formar una colección = build + collection.* formar un comité = set up + committee.* formar un consorcio = form + consortium.* formar un grupo = set up + group.* formar un grupo de presión = form + lobby.* formar un piquete frente a = picket.* integrar formando un todo = articulate.* llamamiento para formar parte de un jurado = jury duty.* piedra + charca + formar + ondas = stone + pond + cast + ripples.* que forma parte de la cultura = culturally-embedded.* que forma parte en = involved in.* seda formando aguas = watered silk.* volver a formarse = reform.* * *formar [A1 ]vtA1 «personas» ‹círculo/figura› to make, form; ‹asociación› to form, set upformen fila a la entrada, por favor form a line o ( BrE) queue at the entrance, pleaselos estudiantes formaron barricadas the students set up barricadesformar gobierno to form a governmentel partido se formó a principios de siglo the party came into being o was formed at the turn of the centuryse formaron varios comandos terroristas en la zona several terrorist cells were established in the area2 ( Ling) to formpalabras que forman el plural añadiendo una `s' words which form the plural by adding an `s'3 ( Mil) ‹tropas› to have … fall in, order … to fall inB (componer) to make upestá formada por tres provincias it is made up of o it comprises three provincesal juntarse forman un ángulo recto they form o make a right angle where they meetlas distintas partes forman un todo indivisible the separate elements make up o form an indivisible wholeel jurado está formado por nueve personas the jury is made up of nine peopleC ‹carácter/espíritu› to form, shape■ formarvito fall inbatallón: ¡a formar! squad, fall in!■ formarseA1 (hacerse, crearse) to formse ha formado hielo en las carreteras ice has formed on the roadsse formó una cola de varios kilómetros a tailback several kilometers long built up2 (desarrollarse) «niño/huesos» to develop3 (forjarse) to formformarse una idea/opinión to form an idea/opinioncreo que se ha formado una impresión errónea I think he has got the wrong impressionB (educarse) to be educated* * *
formar ( conjugate formar) verbo transitivo
1
‹asociación/gobierno› to form, set up;
‹ barricada› to set up;◊ ¡formen parejas! ( en clase) get into pairs o twos!;
( en baile) take your partners!b) (Ling) to form
2 ( componer) to make up;
formar parte de algo to be part of sth, to belong to sth
3 ‹carácter/espíritu› to form, shape
4 ( educar) to bring up;
( para trabajo) to train
verbo intransitivo (Mil) to fall in
formarse verbo pronominal
1
◊ se formó una cola a line (AmE) o (BrE) queue formed
2 ( educarse) to be educated;
( para trabajo) to be trained
formar verbo transitivo
1 to form
2 (criar) to bring up
(instruir) to educate, train
' formar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
adherirse
- agruparse
- componer
- constituir
- correligionaria
- correligionario
- integrar
- piña
- sindicar
- a
- abultar
- agrupar
- capacitar
- emparejar
- hogar
- pareja
- parte
- pertenecer
- sindicalizarse
English:
coalition
- come under
- do
- form
- marshal
- more
- most
- pair up
- preclude
- shall
- shape
- should
- split off
- to
- train
- will
- arch
- co-opt
- draw
- eddy
- fall
- make
- mold
- muster
- pair
- parade
- picket
- put
- ring
* * *♦ vt1. [hacer] to form;formar una bola con algo to make sth into a ball;formar un equipo to make up a team;formar gobierno to form a government;formó una asociación cultural he set up a cultural organization;los manifestantes formaron una cadena the demonstrators formed a human chain;formar parte de to form o be part of;forma parte del equipo del colegio she's a member of the school team2. [educar] to train, to educate3. Mil to form up♦ viMil to fall in;¡a formar! fall in!* * *v/t1 form; asociación form, set up2 ( educar) educate* * *formar vt1) : to form, to make2) constituir: to constitute, to make up3) : to train, to educate* * *formar vb1. (crear) to form / to make3. (educar alumnos) to educate / to train -
27 संधिः _sandhiḥ
संधिः 1 Union, junction, combination, connection; संधये सरला सूची वक्रा छेदाय कर्तरी Subhāṣ.; Me.6.-2 A compact, an agreement.-3 Alliance, league, friend- ship, peace, treaty of peace (one of the six expedients to be used in foreign politics); कति प्रकाराः संधीनां भवन्ति H.4; (the several kinds are described in H.4.16- 125); शत्रुणा न हि संदध्यात् सुश्लिष्टेनापि संधिना H.1.85.-4 A joint, articulation (of the body); तुरगानुधावनकाण्डितसंधेः Ś.2.-5 A fold (of a garment).-6 A breach, hole, chasm.-7 Especially a mine, chasm or opening made by thieves in a wall or underneath a building; संधिं छित्त्वा तु ये चौर्यं रात्रौ कुर्वन्ति तस्कराः Ms.9.276; वृक्षवाटिका- परिसरे संधिं कृत्वा प्रविष्टो$स्मि मध्यमकम् Mk.3.-8 Separation, division.-9 Euphony, euphonic junction or coalition (in gram.)-1 An interval, a pause.-11 A critical juncture.-12 An opportune moment.-13 A period at the expiration of each Yuga or age; त्रेताद्वापरयोः संधौ Mb.1.2.3.-14 A division or joint (in a drama); (they are five; see S. D.33-332); तौ संधिषु व्यञ्जितवृत्तिभेदम् Ku.7.91.-15 The vulva.-16 Distillation.-17 Land etc. donated for the worship of temple deities etc. (cf. Dr. Raghavan's note on वृत्तिसंन्धिप्रतिपादकः Cholachampū p.1 "संधिः देवपूजार्थमतिसृष्टं तादृशं भूम्यादिकं संधिपदस्य द्रविडदेवालयशिलाशासनेषु तादृशे$र्थे व्यवहारदर्शनात् ।").-18 Contrivance, management; तस्य सावरणदृष्टसंधयः काम्यवस्तुषु नवेषु संगिनः R.19.16.-19 Twilight.-2 A seam.-21 The connecting link of a perpendicular (in mensuration).-22 The common side of double triangle.-Comp. -अक्षरम् a diphthong.-काष्ठम् the wood below the top of a gable.-गृहः a bee-hive.-चोरः a housebreaker, a thief who breaks into a house.-छेदः making holes or breaches (in a wall &c.); as in संधिच्छेदशिक्षकः M.4.-छेदनम् burglary.-जम् spirituous liquor.-जीवकः one who lives by dishonest means (particularly as a go-between),-दूषणम् violation of a treaty; अरिषु हि विजयार्थिनः क्षितीशा विदधति सोपधि संधिदूषणानि Ki.1.45.-नालः, -लम् Unguis Odoratus (नख, क्षुर).-पालत्वम् maintenance of treaties.-प्रबन्धनम् the ligament of a joint.-बन्ध 1 the tissues of joints; Ś.2.-2 the cement or lime.-बन्धनम् a ligament tendon, nerve.-भङ्गः, -मुक्तिः f. dislocation of a joint.-मोक्षः the breaking of peace; Kau. A.7.-रन्ध्रका a hole in a wall.-विग्रह m. du. peace and war. ˚अधिकारः the office of the minister for foreign affairs.-विग्रहकः a minister presiding over the above.-विचक्षणः*** one skilled in negotiating treaties.-विद् m. a negotiator of treaties.-विपर्ययौ peace and war; दूते संधिविपर्ययौ Ms.7.65.-वेला 1 the time of twilight.-2 any connecting period-शूलम् a kind of painful indigestion (आमवात).-संभवः a diphthong.-हारकः a house-breaker. -
28 break
break [breɪk]1. nouna. (in conversation, programme, line) interruption f ; (in journey) arrêt m ; (at work) pause f ; (at school) pause f, récréation f• to take a break ( = few minutes) faire une pause ; ( = holiday) prendre des vacances ; ( = change) se changer les idées• after the break ( = advertisements) après la pause (publicitaire)b. [of bone] fracture f• she got her first big break in "Sarafina" elle a percé dans « Sarafina »a. casser ; [+ skin] écorcher• to break one's leg/one's neck se casser la jambe/le cou• to break new or fresh ground innoverb. [+ promise] manquer à ; [+ treaty] violerc. [+ courage, spirit, strike] briser• television can make you or break you la télévision peut soit vous apporter la gloire soit vous briserd. [+ silence, spell] rompre• to break one's journey faire une étape (or des étapes)e. [+ fall] amortirf. [+ news] annoncera. (se) casser ; [bone] se fracturerb. [clouds] se dissiperc. [storm] éclater ; [wave] déferlerd. [news, story] éclatere. ( = weaken, change) [health] se détériorer ; [voice] (boy's) muer ; (in emotion) se briser ( with sous le coup de ) ; [weather] se gâterf. [dawn] poindre ; [day] se leverg. ( = pause) faire une pause4. compounds► break-up noun [of friendship] rupture f ; [of empire, group of states] démantèlement m ; [of political party] scission f• after negotiations broke down... après l'échec m des négociations...c. ( = weep) fondre en larmes► break ina. ( = interrupt) interrompreb. ( = enter illegally) entrer par effractiona. [+ door] enfoncerb. [+ engine, car] roder• it took a month to break in my new shoes cela a pris un mois avant que mes nouvelles chaussures se fassenta. ( = enter illegally) [+ house] entrer par effraction dansb. [+ savings] entamerc. [company] to break into a new market percer sur un nouveau marchéa. [piece, twig] se casser neta. ( = snap off) casserb. ( = end) [+ relationship, negotiations] romprea. [war, fire] éclaterb. ( = escape) s'échapper (of de)( = succeed) percer[+ defences, obstacles] faire tomber► break upb. [crowd] se disperser ; [meeting] prendre finc. [phone line] couperd. (US = laugh) (inf!) se tordre de rirea. [+ chocolate] casser en morceauxb. [+ coalition] briser ; [+ empire] démembrerc. [+ crowd, demonstration] disperser• police used tear gas to break up the demonstration la police a utilisé du gaz lacrymogène pour disperser les manifestantsd. (US = make laugh) (inf!) donner le fou rire à* * *[breɪk] 1.1) ( fracture) fracture f2) ( crack) fêlure f3) ( gap) ( in wall) brèche f; (in row, line) espace m; (in circuit, chain) rupture f; (in conversation, match) pause f; ( in performance) entracte m; ( in traffic) trou m, espace m4) Radio, Television page f de publicité5) ( pause) gen pause f; School récréation fto take ou have a break from working — ne plus travailler pendant un temps
I often give her a break from looking after the kids — je m'occupe souvent des enfants pour qu'elle se repose
6) ( holiday) vacances fplit's time to make a ou the break — ( from family) il est temps de voler de ses propres ailes; ( from job) il est temps de passer à autre chose
8) (colloq) ( opportunity) chance f9) ( dawn)at the break of day — au lever du jour, à l'aube f
10) ( escape bid)2.to make a break for it — (colloq) ( from prison) se faire la belle (colloq)
1) ( damage) casser [chair, eggs, rope, stick, toy]; casser [plate, window]to break a tooth/a bone — se casser une dent/un os
to break one's neck — lit avoir une rupture des vertèbres cervicales; fig se casser la figure
2) ( rupture) briser [seal]3) ( interrupt) [person] rompre [silence]; [shout, siren] déchirer [silence]; couper [circuit]; rompre [monotony, spell, ties, links] ( with avec)to break one's silence — sortir de son silence (on à propos de)
4) ( disobey) enfreindre [law]; ne pas respecter [embargo, terms]; violer [treaty]; désobéir à [rule]; briser [strike]; rompre [vow]; manquer [appointment]to break one's word/promise — manquer à sa parole/promesse
5) (exceed, surpass) dépasser [speed limit, bounds]; battre [record]; franchir [speed barrier]6) ( lessen the impact of) couper [wind]; [branches] freiner [fall]; [hay] amortir [fall]8) ( ruin) ruiner [person]9) ( tame) débourrer [young horse]10) ( in tennis)11) ( decipher) déchiffrer [code]12) ( leave)13) ( announce) annoncer [news]; révéler [truth]3.1) ( be damaged) [branch, chair, egg, string] se casser; [plate, window] se casser; [arm, bone, leg] se fracturer; [bag] se déchirer2) ( separate) [clouds] se disperser; [waves] se briser3) ( stop for a rest) faire une pause4) ( change) [good weather] se gâter; [heatwave] cesser5) ( begin) [day] se lever; [storm] éclater; [scandal, story] éclater6) ( discontinue)7) ( weaken)8) ( change tone) [boy's voice] muer•Phrasal Verbs:- break in- break up -
29 model
1) модель (напр. экономики)2) тип, марка конструкции, модель (напр. автомобиля) -
30 theory
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31 inclusive
•• * Тяжелое для перевода слово. Конечно, в некоторых контекстах можно найти удачный вариант без особого труда. Например, в одном из документов ООН:
•• The debate in ECOSOC should become more inclusive. – Дискуссия в ЭКОСОС должна стать более широкой по охвату участников.
•• Заголовок статьи: Building an inclusive world economy. Может быть, Создание мировой экономики, открытой для всех.
•• NATO and EU need to be inclusive organizations. Здесь открытые для всех явно не подходит – это противоречит фактической стороне дела, весьма жестким требованиям к претендентам на членство в этих организациях. Но в зависимости от интерпретации этой фразы может быть принято либо широкие по составу участников, либо действующие на недискриминационной основе.
•• В предложении With 55 member states, the OSCE is the only inclusive pan-European organization знание ситуации подсказывает перевод единственная универсальная ( по составу участников) европейская организация.
•• В статье о ситуации в Эстонии:
•• Both Mr. Ruutel and the Center-Reform coalition government adopted a more inclusive approach towards the Russian minority, including the registration of the Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate in 2002.
•• Более недискриминационный подход, пожалуй, плохо. Скорее менее дискриминационный, но, может быть, просто более благоприятное отношение к русскому меньшинству.
•• (Вообще говоря, прилагательные, оканчивающиеся на - ive, как правило, создают трудности в переводе на русский язык. Так, на переговорах по ракетам средней дальности в начале 1980-х годов пришлось изобрести слово интрузивный (по аналогии с медицинским инвазивный) – американцы говорили об intrusive verification/inspections. Я, правда, и тогда считал, и сейчас продолжаю думать, что ничего страшного не было бы, если бы мы говорили о проникающем контроле – смысл в любом случае нуждается в некотором пояснении, но русское слово мне при прочих равных нравится больше. А вот пример, где слово intrusive в переводе лучше для большей ясности развернуть:
•• Bush, who campaigned as a nice guy who would calm the roiled waters of Washington but not upset the status quo, has defied the basic assumptions about everything from the role of the federal government in education ( making it much more intrusive) to the conduct of foreign policy ( making it much less deferential to the views of other nations). (Washington Post)
•• Речь здесь идет о более активном вмешательстве федеральных властей в сферу образования.)
•• В последнее время inclusiveness (вариант – inclusivity) все чаще встречается как своего рода термин, смысл которого можно было бы выразить формулой «открытость для всех». Стержневой компонент смысла этого слова, на мой взгляд, недискриминационность ( недопущение дискриминации). Думаю, это слово может быть иногда приемлемым вариантом перевода. Интересно, что нередко в качестве квазисинонима используется слово tolerance. Вот интересная и по необходимости длинная цитата, относящаяся к скандалу с итальянским премьером Берлускони:
•• Berlusconi is not your ordinary Euro-pol. He’s a self-made media magnate, the wealthiest man in Italy, a conservative given to straight talk, and a magnet for controversies. Many center on the conflict of interest between his media empire and his political office, which is what Schulz was going after when he got hammered. All this makes for good “ summer theater” - the scandals that fill European papers during the political dog days. But it is not the man who represents Europe who is supposed to supply the grist. His task is to set a tone of tolerance and inclusivity. (International Herald Tribune)
•• Здесь, наверное, открытое/благожелательное отношение ко всем было бы неплохим вариантом, хотя это и длинновато. (Кстати, отсутствующее в ABBYY Lingvo dog days – здесь мертвый сезон).
•• В следующем примере я бы перевел inclusiveness как забота о недискриминационности:
•• Instead of covering all the bases, we wish the president would show himself willing to spend more of his political capital on inclusiveness.
•• На сайте www.diversitydtg.com можно найти огромное количество материала, отражающего разные аспекты концепций diversity и inclusivity. Здесь можно найти и inclusive strategies, и inclusivity initiatives, и inclusive work environment, и другие подобные выражения. Во всех этих случаях недопущение дискриминации, недискриминационность вполне подойдут.
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32 break
A n1 ( fracture) fracture f ;3 ( gap) (in fence, wall) brèche f ; (in row, line) espace m ; (in circuit, chain, sequence) rupture f ; (in conversation, match) pause f ; ( in performance) entracte m ; (in traffic, procession) trou m, espace m ; a break in the clouds une éclaircie ; a break in transmission une interruption dans la retransmission ;4 Radio, TV ( also commercial break) page f de publicité ; we're going to take a break now tout de suite, une page de publicité ;5 ( pause) gen pause f ; Sch récréation f ; to take a break faire une pause ; I walked/worked for six hours without a break j'ai marché/travaillé pendant six heures sans m'arrêter ; to have a break from work arrêter de travailler ; to take ou have a break from working/driving ne plus travailler/conduire pendant un temps ; to take ou have a break from nursing/teaching arrêter le métier d'infirmière/d'enseignant pendant un temps ; I often give her a break from looking after the kids je m'occupe souvent des enfants pour qu'elle se repose ; give us a break ○ ! fiche-nous la paix ○ ! ;6 ( holiday) vacances fpl ; the Christmas break les vacances de Noël ; a weekend break in Milan un week-end à Milan ;7 fig ( departure) rupture f (with avec) ; a break with tradition/the past une rupture avec la tradition/le passé ; it's time to make a ou the break ( from family) il est temps de voler de ses propres ailes ; ( from job) il est temps de passer à autre chose ;8 ○ ( opportunity) chance f ; her big break came in 1973 1973 a été l'année de sa veine ○ ; he gave me a break il m'a donné ma chance ; a lucky break un coup de veine ○ ; a bad break des déboires mpl ; to give sb an even break donner sa chance à qn ;10 ( escape bid) to make a break for it ○ ( from prison) se faire la belle ○ ; to make a break for the door/the trees se précipiter vers la porte/les arbres ;11 Print line break fin f d'alinéa ; page break changement m de page ; paragraph break fin f de paragraphe ;13 (in snooker, pool) ( first shot) it's your break c'est à toi de casser ; ( series of shots) to make a 50 point break marquer une série de 50 points ;1 ( damage) casser [chair, eggs, rope, stick, toy] ; casser, briser [glass, plate, window] ; casser [machine] ; to break a tooth/a nail/a bone se casser une dent/un ongle/un os ; to break one's leg/arm se casser la jambe/le bras ; to break one's back lit se casser la colonne vertébrale ; I nearly broke my back moving the piano fig j'ai failli me briser les reins en déplaçant le piano ; to break one's neck lit avoir une rupture des vertèbres cervicales ; somebody is going to break their neck on those steps fig quelqu'un va se casser la figure sur ces marches ○ ; she broke the bottle over his head elle lui a cassé la bouteille sur la tête ;2 (split, rupture) briser [seal] ; couper [sentence, word] ; the skin is not broken il n'y a pas de plaie ; not a ripple broke the surface of the water pas une ride ne troublait la surface de l'eau ; to break surface [diver, submarine] remonter à la surface ; the river broke its banks la rivière a débordé ;3 ( interrupt) [person] rompre [silence] ; [shout, siren] déchirer [silence] ; couper [circuit, current] ; rompre [monotony, spell] ; rompre [ties, links] (with avec) ; to break one's silence sortir de son silence (on à propos de) ; to break sb's concentration déconcentrer qn ; we broke our journey in Milan nous avons fait un arrêt à Milan ; the tower breaks the line of the roof/of the horizon la tour rompt la ligne du toit/de l'horizon ; to break step rompre le pas ;4 ( disobey) enfreindre [law] ; ne pas respecter [embargo, blockade, conditions, terms] ; violer [treaty] ; désobéir à [commandment, rule] ; briser [strike] ; rompre [vow] ; manquer [appointment] ; he broke his word/promise il a manqué à sa parole/promesse ;5 (exceed, surpass) dépasser [speed limit, bounds] ; battre [record, opponent] ; franchir [speed barrier] ; briser [class barrier] ;7 fig ( destroy) [troops] briser [rebellion] ; briser [person, resistance, determination, will] ; to break sb's spirit saper le moral de qn ; to break sb's hold over sb débarrasser qn de l'emprise de qn ; discussions which aim to break this deadlock des discussions qui visent à nous sortir de cette impasse ; to break a habit se défaire d'une habitude ;8 ( ruin) ruiner [person] ; this contract will make or break the company ( financially) ce contrat fera la fortune ou la ruine de l'entreprise ; this decision will make or break me ( personally) cette décision sera mon salut ou ma perte ;9 Equit débourrer [young horse] ;10 ( in tennis) to break sb's serve faire le break ;11 Mil casser [officer] ;12 ( decipher) déchiffrer [cipher, code] ;13 ( leave) to break camp lever le camp ;14 ( announce) annoncer [news] ; révéler [truth] ; to break the news to sb apprendre la nouvelle à qn ; break it to her gently annonce-lui la nouvelle avec douceur.1 ( be damaged) [branch, chair, egg, handle, tooth, string] se casser ; [plate, glass, window] se briser ; [arm, bone, leg] se fracturer ; [bag] se déchirer ; china breaks easily la porcelaine se casse facilement ; the vase broke in two/into a thousand pieces le vase s'est brisé en deux/en mille morceaux ; the sound of breaking glass le bruit de verre brisé ;4 ( stop for a rest) faire une pause ;7 ( discontinue) to break with sb rompre les relations avec qn ; to break with a party/the church quitter un parti/l'église ; to break with tradition/convention rompre avec la tradition/les conventions ;8 ( weaken) their spirit never broke leur moral n'a jamais faibli ; to break under torture/interrogation céder sous la torture/l'interrogation ;9 ( change tone) [boy's voice] muer ; her voice breaks on the high notes sa voix s'éraille dans les aigus ; in a voice breaking with emotion d 'une voix brisée par l'émotion ;10 (in snooker, pool) casser.■ break away:1 ( become detached) [island, shell] se détacher (from de) ; to break away from [group, person] rompre avec [family, party, organization] ; [state] se séparer de [union] ; [animal] se détacher de [herd] ; [boat] rompre [moorings] ;2 ( escape) échapper (from à) ;3 Sport [runner, cyclist] se détacher (from de) ;▶ break away [sth], break [sth] away enlever [outer shell, casing].■ break down:1 ( stop functioning) [car, elevator, machine] tomber en panne ; we broke down on the main street nous sommes tombés en panne sur la grand-rue ;2 ( collapse) fig [alliance, coalition] éclater ; [negotiations] échouer ; [contact, communication] cesser ; [law and order] se dégrader ; [argument] ne pas tenir debout ; [system] s'effondrer ; [person] s'effondrer, craquer ; he broke down under the strain il a craqué sous la pression ;3 ( cry) fondre en larmes ;4 ( be classified) [cost findings, statistics] se décomposer (into en) ; the cost of the repair breaks down as follows le prix de la réparation se décompose ainsi ;5 ( decompose) [compound] se décomposer (en into) ;6 ( confess) ( under interrogation) céder ;▶ break [sth] down, break down [sth]1 ( demolish) lit enfoncer [door] ; démolir [fence, wall] ; fig faire tomber [barriers] ; vaincre [opposition, resistance, shyness] ;2 ( analyse) ventiler [budget, cost, expenses, statistics] ; décomposer [word] (into en) ; décomposer [data, findings] (into par) ; décomposer [argument] ;3 ( cause to decompose) décomposer [compound, gas] (into en) ; [enzyme, catalyst] dissoudre [protein, starch] ; [gastric juices] dissoudre [food].■ break even Fin rentrer dans ses frais.■ break free:■ break in1 ( enter forcibly) [thief] entrer (par effraction) ; [police] entrer de force ; the burglar broke in through a window le cambrioleur est entré par une fenêtre ;2 ( interrupt) interrompre ; ‘I don't want to go,’ he broke in ‘je ne veux pas y aller,’ a-t-il interrompu ; to break in on sb/sth interrompre qn/qch ;▶ break [sth] in débourrer [young horse] ; assouplir [shoe] ; to break in one's glasses s'habituer à ses lunettes ;▶ break [sb] in accoutumer [qn] au travail [recruit, newcomer] ; to break sb in gently donner le temps à qn de s'accoutumer au travail.■ break into:▶ break into [sth]1 ( enter by force) entrer dans [qch] (par effraction) [building] ; forcer la portière de [car] ; forcer [safe, till] ; her car was broken into sa voiture a été cambriolée ;2 ( start to use) entamer [new packet, new bottle, banknote, savings] ;4 ( begin to do) to break into song/cheers se mettre à chanter/acclamer ; to break into peals of laughter éclater de rire ; to break into a run/gallop se mettre à courir/au galop ;5 ( make headway) [company] s'implanter sur [market] ; [person] s'introduire dans [job market] ; [person] percer dans [show business].■ break loose [dog, horse] s'échapper (from de).■ break off:2 ( stop speaking) s'interrompre ; she broke off to answer the phone elle s'est interrompue pour répondre au téléphone ;3 ( pause) faire une pause, s'arrêter ;▶ break off [sth], break [sth] off1 ( snap) casser [branch, piece, segment, mast] ;2 ( terminate) rompre [engagement, relationship, contact, negotiations, ties] ; interrompre [conversation] ; they decided to break it off (relationship, engagement) ils ont décidé de rompre ; to break off doing arrêter de faire.■ break out:1 ( erupt) [epidemic, fire] se déclarer ; [fight, panic, riot, storm] éclater ; [rash] apparaître ; to break out in a rash ou in spots [person] avoir une éruption de boutons ; [face] se couvrir de boutons ; to break out in a sweat se mettre à transpirer ;2 ( escape) [prisoner] s'évader ; to break out of s'échapper de [cage, prison] ; sortir de [routine, vicious circle] ; se libérer de [chains, straitjacket].▶ break through [army] faire une percée ;▶ break through [sth] percer [defences, reserve] ; franchir [barrier, cordon] ; se frayer un passage à travers [crowd] ; traverser [mur] ; [sun] percer [clouds].■ break up:▶ break up1 ( disintegrate) lit [wreck] se désagréger ; fig [empire] s'effondrer ; [alliance] éclater ; [group, family, couple] se séparer ; their marriage/relationship is breaking up leur mariage/relation va mal ;3 GB Sch schools break up on Friday les cours finissent vendredi ; we break up for Christmas on Tuesday pour Noël, nous finissons mardi ;▶ break [sth] up, break up [sth] ( split up) disperser [demonstrators] ; démanteler [spy ring, drugs ring] ; séparer [team, couple] ; désunir [family] ; briser [alliance, marriage] ; démembrer [empire] ; diviser [sentence, word] (into en) ; morceler [land] ; [diagrams] aérer [text] ; mettre fin à [party, fight, demonstration] ; break it up! ( stop fighting) ça suffit maintenant! -
33 put
1 ( place) mettre [object] ; put them here please mettez-les ici s'il vous plaît ; to put sth on/under/around etc mettre qch sur/sous/autour de etc ; to put a stamp on a letter mettre un timbre sur une lettre ; to put a lock on the door/a button on a shirt mettre une serrure sur la porte/un bouton sur une chemise ; to put one's arm around sb mettre son bras autour de qn ; to put one's hands in one's pockets mettre les mains dans ses poches ; to put sth in a safe place mettre qch en lieu sûr ; to put sugar in one's tea mettre du sucre dans son thé ; to put more sugar in one's tea ajouter du sucre dans son thé ; to put more soap in the bathroom remettre du savon dans la salle de bains ;2 ( cause to go or undergo) to put sth through glisser qch dans [letterbox] ; passer qch par [window] ; faire passer qch à [mincer] ; to put one's head through the window passer la tête par la fenêtre ; to put one's fist through the window casser la fenêtre d'un coup de poing ; to put sth through the books Accts faire passer qch dans les frais généraux ; to put sth through a test faire passer un test à qch ; to put sth through a process faire suivre un processus à qch ; to put sb through envoyer qn à [university, college] ; faire passer qn par [suffering, ordeal] ; faire passer [qch] à qn [test] ; faire suivre [qch] à qn [course] ; after all you've put me through après tout ce que tu m'as fait subir ; to put sb through hell faire souffrir mille morts à qn ; to put one's hand/finger to porter la main/le doigt à [mouth] ;3 ( cause to be or do) mettre [person] ; to put sb in prison/on a diet mettre qn en prison/au régime ; to put sb on the train mettre qn dans le train ; to put sb in goal/in defence GB mettre qn dans les buts/en défense ; to put sb in a bad mood/in an awkward position mettre qn de mauvaise humeur/dans une situation délicate ; to put sb to work mettre qn au travail ; to put sb to mending/washing sth faire réparer/laver qch à qn ;4 (devote, invest) to put money/energy into sth investir de l'argent/son énergie dans qch ; if you put some effort into your work, you will improve si tu fais des efforts, ton travail sera meilleur ; to put a lot into s'engager à fond pour [work, project] ; sacrifier beaucoup à [marriage] ; to put a lot of effort into sth faire beaucoup d'efforts pour qch ; she puts a lot of herself into her novels il y a beaucoup d'éléments autobiographiques dans ses romans ;5 ( add) to put sth towards mettre qch pour [holiday, gift, fund] ; put it towards some new clothes dépense-le en nouveaux vêtements ; to put tax/duty on sth taxer/imposer qch ; to put a penny on income tax GB augmenter d'un pourcent l'impôt sur le revenu ;6 ( express) how would you put that in French? comment dirait-on ça en français? ; how can I put it? comment dirai-je? ; it was-how can I put it-unusual c'était-comment dire-original ; that's one way of putting it! iron on peut le dire comme ça! ; as Sartre puts it comme le dit Sartre ; to put it simply pour le dire simplement ; to put it bluntly pour parler franchement ; let me put it another way laissez-moi m'exprimer différemment ; that was very well ou nicely put c'était très bien tourné ; to put one's feelings/one's anger into words trouver les mots pour exprimer ses sentiments/sa colère ; to put sth in writing mettre qch par écrit ;7 ( offer for consideration) présenter [argument, point of view, proposal] ; to put sth to soumettre qch à [meeting, conference, board] ; to put sth to the vote mettre qch au vote ; I put it to you that Jur j'ai la présomption que ;8 (rate, rank) placer ; where would you put it on a scale of one to ten? où est-ce que tu placerais cela sur une échelle allant de un à dix? ; to put sb in the top rank of artists placer qn au premier rang des artistes ; I put a sense of humour before good looks je place le sens de l'humour avant la beauté ; I put a sense of humour first pour moi le plus important c'est le sens de l'humour ; to put children/safety first faire passer les enfants/la sécurité avant tout ; to put one's family before everything faire passer sa famille avant tout ;9 ( estimate) to put sth at évaluer qch à [sum] ; to put the value of sth at estimer la valeur de qch à [sum] ; I'd put him at about 40 je lui donnerais à peu près 40 ans ;10 Sport lancer [shot] ;C v refl ( p prés - tt- ; prét, pp put) to put oneself in a strong position/in sb's place se mettre dans une position de force/à la place de qn.I didn't know where to put myself je ne savais pas où me mettre ; I wouldn't put it past him! je ne pense pas que ça le gênerait! (to do de faire) ; I wouldn't put anything past her! je la crois capable de tout! ; put it there ○ ! ( invitation to shake hands) tope là! ; to put it about a bit ◑ péj coucher à droite et à gauche ◑ ; to put one over ou across GB on sb ○ faire marcher qn ○.■ put about:▶ put [sth] about, put about [sth]1 ( spread) faire circuler [rumour, gossip, story] ; to put (it) about that faire courir le bruit que ; it is being put about that le bruit court que ;2 Naut faire virer de bord [vessel].■ put across:▶ put across [sth], put [sth] across communiquer [idea, message, concept, case, point of view] ; mettre [qch] en valeur [personality] ; to put oneself across se mettre en valeur.■ put aside:▶ put aside [sth], put [sth] aside mettre [qch] de côté [money, article, differences, divisions, mistrust].■ put away:▶ put away [sth], put [sth] away1 ( tidy away) ranger [toys, dishes] ;2 ( save) mettre [qch] de côté [money] ;▶ put away [sb] ○, put [sb] away ○1 ( in mental hospital) enfermer ; he had to be put away il a fallu l'enfermer ;2 ( in prison) boucler ○ [person] (for pour).■ put back:▶ put back [sth], put [sth] back3 retarder [clock, watch] ; remember to put your clocks back an hour n'oubliez pas de retarder votre pendule d'une heure ;4 ( delay) retarder [project, production, deliveries] (by de) ;5 ○ ( knock back) descendre ○ [drink, quantity].■ put by GB:▶ put [sth] by, put by [sth] mettre [qch] de côté [money] ; to have a bit (of money) put by avoir un peu d'argent de côté.■ put down:▶ put [sth] down, put down [sth]1 (on ground, table) poser [object, plane] (on sur) ; mettre [rat poison etc] ;2 ( suppress) réprimer [uprising, revolt, opposition] ;3 ( write down) mettre (par écrit) [date, time, name] ; put down whatever you like mets ce que tu veux ;4 ( ascribe) to put sth down to mettre qch sur le compte de [incompetence, human error etc] ; to put sth down to the fact that imputer qch au fait que ;6 Vet ( by injection) piquer ; ( by other method) abattre ; to have a dog put down faire piquer un chien ;7 (advance, deposit) to put down a deposit verser des arrhes ; to put £50 down on sth verser 50 livres d'arrhes sur qch ;8 (lay down, store) mettre [qch] en cave [wine] ; affiner [cheese] ;9 ( put on agenda) inscrire [qch] à l'ordre du jour [motion] ;▶ put [sb] down, put down [sb]2 ○ ( humiliate) rabaisser [person] ;4 (classify, count in) to put sb down as considérer qn comme [possibility, candidate, fool] ; I'd never have put you down as a Scotsman! je ne t'aurais jamais pris pour un Écossais! ; to put sb down for ( note as wanting or offering) compter [qch] pour qn [contribution] ; ( put on waiting list) inscrire qn sur la liste d'attente pour [school, club] ; put me down for a meal compte un repas pour moi ; to put sb down for £10 compter 10 livres pour qn ; to put sb down for three tickets réserver trois billets pour qn.▶ put forth [sth], put [sth] forth1 présenter [shoots, leaves, buds] ;2 fig émettre [idea, theory].■ put forward:▶ put forward [sth], put [sth] forward1 ( propose) avancer [idea, theory, name] ; soumettre [plan, proposal, suggestion] ; émettre [opinion] ;2 ( in time) avancer [meeting, date, clock] (by de ; to à) ; don't forget to put your clocks forward one hour n'oubliez pas d'avancer votre pendule d'une heure ;▶ put [sb] forward, put forward [sb] présenter la candidature de (for pour) ;▶ put sb forward as présenter qn comme [candidate] ; to put oneself forward présenter sa candidature, se présenter ; to put oneself forward as a candidate présenter sa candidature ; to put oneself forward for se présenter pour [post].■ put in:▶ put in1 [ship] faire escale (at à ; to dans ; for pour) ;2 ( apply) to put in for [person] postuler pour [job, promotion, rise] ; demander [transfer, overtime] ;▶ put in [sth], put [sth] in1 (fit, install) installer [central heating, shower, kitchen] ; to have sth put in faire installer qch ;2 ( make) faire [request, claim, offer, bid] ; to put in an application for déposer une demande de [visa, passport] ; poser sa candidature pour [job] ; to put in a protest protester ; to put in an appearance faire une apparition ;3 ( contribute) passer [time, hours, days] ; contribuer pour [sum, amount] ; they are each putting in £1 m chacun apporte une contribution d'un million de livres ; to put in a lot of time doing consacrer beaucoup de temps à faire ; to put in a good day's work avoir une bonne journée de travail ; to put in a lot of work se donner beaucoup de mal ; thank you for all the work you've put in merci pour tout le mal que tu t'es donné ;4 ( insert) mettre [paragraph, word, reference] ; to put in that mettre que ; to put in how/why expliquer comment/pourquoi ;5 ( elect) élire ; that puts the Conservatives in again les conservateurs ont donc été élus encore une fois ;▶ put [sb] in for présenter [qn] pour [exam, scholarship] ; poser la candidature de [qn] pour [promotion, job] ; recommander [qn] pour [prize, award] ; to put oneself in for poser sa candidature pour [job, promotion].■ put off:▶ put off from s'éloigner de [quay, jetty] ;▶ put off [sth], put [sth] off1 (delay, defer) remettre [qch] (à plus tard) [wedding, meeting] ; to put sth off until June/until after Christmas remettre qch à juin/à après Noël ; I should see a doctor, but I keep putting it off je devrais voir un médecin, mais je remets toujours ça à plus tard ; to put off visiting sb/doing one's homework remettre à plus tard une visite chez qn/ses devoirs ;▶ put off [sb], put [sb] off1 (fob off, postpone seeing) décommander [guest] ; dissuader [person] ; to put sb off coming with an excuse trouver une excuse pour dissuader qn de venir ; to be easily put off se décourager facilement ;2 ( repel) [appearance, smell, colour] dégoûter ; [manner, person] déconcerter ; to put sb off sth dégoûter qn de qch ; don't be put off by the colour-it tastes delicious! ne te laisse pas dégoûter par la couleur-c'est délicieux! ;3 GB ( distract) distraire ; stop trying to put me off! arrête de me distraire! ; you're putting me off my work tu me distrais de mon travail ;4 ( drop off) déposer [passenger].■ put on:▶ put on [sth], put [sth] on1 mettre [garment, hat, cream, lipstick] ;2 (switch on, operate) allumer [light, gas, radio, heating] ; mettre [record, tape, music] ; to put the kettle on mettre de l'eau à chauffer ; to put the brakes on freiner ;3 ( gain) prendre [weight, kilo] ;4 ( add) rajouter [extra duty, tax] ;5 ( produce) monter [play, exhibition] ;7 (lay on, offer) ajouter [extra train, bus service] ; proposer [meal, dish] ;8 ( put forward) avancer [clock] ;▶ put [sb] on2 ○ US faire marcher ○ [person] ;3 ( recommend) to put sb on to sth indiquer qch à qn ; who put you on to me? qui vous a envoyé à moi? ;■ put out:▶ put out1 Naut partir (from de) ; to put out to sea mettre à la mer ;2 ◑ US péj coucher avec n'importe qui ○ ;▶ put out [sth], put [sth] out2 ( extinguish) éteindre [fire, cigarette, candle, light] ;5 (make available, arrange) mettre [food, dishes, towels etc] ;6 ( sprout) déployer [shoot, bud, root] ;7 ( cause to be wrong) fausser [figure, estimate, result] ;8 ( dislocate) se démettre [shoulder, ankle] ;9 ( subcontract) confier [qch] en sous-traitance [work] (to à) ;▶ put [sb] out1 ( inconvenience) déranger ; to put oneself out se mettre en quatre ○ (to do pour faire) ; to put oneself out for sb se donner beaucoup de mal pour qn ; don't put yourself out for us ne vous dérangez pas pour nous ;2 ( annoy) contrarier ; he looked really put out il avait l'air vraiment contrarié ;3 ( evict) expulser.■ put over = put across.■ put through:▶ put [sth] through, put through [sth]1 ( implement) faire passer [reform, bill, amendment, plan, measure] ;2 Telecom ( transfer) passer [call] (to à) ; she put through a call from my husband elle m'a passé mon mari ○ ;▶ put [sb] through Telecom passer [caller] (to à) ; I'm just putting you through je vous le/la passe ; I was put through to another department on m'a passé un autre service.■ put together:▶ put [sb/sth] together, put together [sb/sth]1 ( assemble) assembler [pieces, parts] ; to put sth together again, to put sth back together reconstituer qch ; more/smarter than all the rest put together plus/plus intelligent que tous les autres réunis ;2 ( place together) mettre ensemble [animals, objects, people] ;3 ( form) former [coalition, partnership, group, team, consortium] ;4 (edit, make) constituer [file, portfolio, anthology] ; rédiger [newsletter, leaflet] ; établir [list] ; faire [film, programme, video] ;5 ( concoct) improviser [meal] ;■ put up:▶ put up2 to put up with ( tolerate) supporter [behaviour, person] ; to have a lot to put up with avoir beaucoup de choses à supporter ;▶ put up [sth] opposer [resistance] ; to put up a fight/struggle combattre ; to put up a good performance [team, competitor] bien se défendre ;▶ put [sth] up, put up [sth]1 ( raise) hisser [flag, sail] ; relever [hair] ; to put up one's hand/leg lever la main/la jambe ; put your hands up! ( in class) levez le doigt! ; put 'em up ○ ! ( to fight) bats-toi! ; ( to surrender) haut les mains! ;2 ( post up) mettre [sign, poster, notice, plaque, decorations] ; afficher [list] ; to put sth up on the wall/on the board afficher qch sur le mur/au tableau ;3 (build, erect) dresser [fence, barrier, tent] ; construire [building, memorial] ;4 (increase, raise) augmenter [rent, prices, tax] ; faire monter [temperature, pressure] ;5 ( provide) fournir [money, amount, percentage] (for pour ; to do pour faire) ;6 ( present) soumettre [proposal, argument] ; to put sth up for discussion soumettre qch à la discussion ;7 ( put in orbit) placer [qch] en orbite [satellite, probe] ;▶ put [sb] up, put up [sb]1 ( lodge) héberger ;2 ( as candidate) présenter [candidate] ; to put sb up for proposer qn comme [leader, chairman] ; proposer qn pour [promotion, position] ; to put oneself up for se proposer comme [chairman] ; se proposer pour [post] ;3 ( promote) faire passer [qn] au niveau supérieur [pupil] ; to be put up [pupil, team] monter (to dans) ;4 ( incite) to put sb up to sth/to doing pousser [qn] à/à faire ; somebody must have put her up to it quelqu'un a dû l'y pousser.■ put upon:▶ put upon [sb] abuser de [person] ; to be put upon se faire marcher sur les pieds ; to feel put upon avoir l'impression de se faire marcher sur les pieds ; I won't be put upon any more je ne me ferai plus jamais avoir ○. -
34 agreement
[əˈɡri:mənt]adoption agreement договор об усыновлении (удочерении) affiliation agreement соглашение о переходе под контроль другой компании agency agreement агентский договор agency agreement агентское соглашение agency agreement договор о посредничестве agency agreement соглашение о посредничестве agency agreement соглашение об агентских услугах agreement договор, соглашение; agreement by piece сдельная плата agreement договор agreement договоренность agreement контракт agreement совпадение agreement (взаимное) согласие; agreement of opinion единомыслие; to come to an agreement прийти к соглашению agreement согласие agreement грам. согласование agreement соглашение agreement соглашение (документ) agreement соответствие agreement договор, соглашение; agreement by piece сдельная плата agreement for exchange of goods соглашение об обмене товарами agreement in principle принципиальная договоренность agreement in principle принципиальное согласие agreement in writing письменная договоренность agreement (взаимное) согласие; agreement of opinion единомыслие; to come to an agreement прийти к соглашению agreement of purchase and sale договор купли-продажи agreement on budget соглашение о бюджете agreement on European economic cooperation договор о европейском экономическом сотрудничестве agreement on European economic space договор о европейском экономическом пространстве agreement on scope of authority юр. договор об объеме полномочий agreement on tax reform соглашение о налоговой реформе agreement on transfer of ownership договор о передаче собственности agreement on venue юр. согласие о месте рассмотрения дела agreement to be fined summarily закон.наказ. согласие на наложение штрафа в упрощенном порядке agreement to sell соглашение о продаже antenuptial agreement сем.право добрачный договор arbitration agreement арбитражное соглашение arrive at agreement достигать соглашения arrive at agreement приходить к соглашению assistance agreement соглашение о содействии association agreement договор о сотрудничестве author-publisher agreement договор автора с издателем barter agreement соглашение о товарообмене basic agreement основное соглашение basic agreement учредительное соглашение biennial wage agreement двухгодичное соглашение о заработной плате bilateral agreement двусторонний договор bilateral trade agreement двустороннее торговое соглашение binding agreement обязывающий договор blanket agreement общее соглашение block an agreement прекращать действие договора bona fide agreement справедливое соглашение bring into agreement приводить в действие соглашение с brokerage agreement агентский договор, договор представительства building loan agreement контракт на получение ссуды на строительство call-off purchase agreement соглашение о покупке с последующей поставкой cancel an agency agreement расторгать агентское соглашение cancel an agreement аннулировать соглашение care agreement соглашение по уходу (за больным, инвалидом и т. п.) cartel agreement картельное соглашение clearing agreement двусторонний клиринг clearing agreement соглашение о расчетах closed-shop agreement соглашение о приеме на работу только членов определенного профсоюза closing agreement соглашение о взимании налогов coalition agreement соглашение о коалиции collection agreement соглашение об инкассировании collective agreement коллективный договор collective: agreement коллективный; совместный; совокупный; collective agreement коллективный договор collective agreement extension распространение положений коллективного договора на смежные области collective bargaining agreement коллективный договор collective labour agreement коллективное трудовое соглашение collective labour agreement коллективный трудовой договор collective piecework agreement коллективный договор о сдельной работе collective wage agreement коллективное соглашение о заработной плате agreement (взаимное) согласие; agreement of opinion единомыслие; to come to an agreement прийти к соглашению commodity agreement товарное соглашение company agreement договор с компанией compensation agreement компенсационное соглашение conclude an agreement заключать соглашение concluded agreement заключенное соглашение conditional sale agreement соглашение об условной продаже conference agreement картельное соглашение судовладельцев conservation agreement договор об охране природы consignment agreement договор о поставке товара consignment agreement консигнационное соглашение consortium agreement соглашения о консорциуме consumer agreement договор с потребителем contractual agreement соглашение, основанное на договоре control agreement соглашение о контроле cooperation agreement соглашение о сотрудничестве credit agreement соглашение о кредитовании credit sale agreement соглашение о продаже в кредит customer agreement договор с покупателем delivery agreement соглашение о доставке deposit agreement депозитное соглашение deposit agreement соглашение об открытии счета в банке derogation agreement соглашение о частичной отмене закона draft agreement проект соглашения exchange agreement соглашение об обмене exclusion agreement соглашение о запрещении въезда в страну exclusive agreement эксклюзивное соглашение exclusive dealing agreement соглашение об исключительном праве торговли express agreement точно сформулированное соглашение fictitious agreement фиктивное соглашение formal agreement формальное соглашение formation agreement соглашение об учреждении framework agreement принципиальное соглашение franchising agreement соглашение о предоставлении привилегии free trade agreement соглашение о свободной торговле general agreement генеральное соглашение general agreement общее соглашение general average agreement (GAA) мор.страх. соглашение по общей аварии gentlemen's agreement джентльменское соглашение governmental agreement правительственное соглашение hire-purchase agreement договор о купле-продаже в рассрочку hybrid agreement смешанное соглашение industrial peace agreement соглашение о мирном разрешении трудовых конфликтов industry-wide collective agreement коллективный договор для всей отрасли informal agreement неофициальное соглашение instalment agreement соглашение о частичных платежах insurance agreement договор страхования intercompany agreement межфирменное соглашение intergovernmental agreement межправительственное соглашение interim agreement временное соглашение joint agreement совместное соглашение joint agreement совместный договор joint sales agreement соглашение о совместной продаже joint venture agreement соглашение о совместном предприятии labour agreement трудовое соглашение lease agreement договор о найме lease agreement договор об аренде lease agreement соглашение о сдаче в аренду leasing agreement соглашение о долгосрочной аренде licence agreement лицензионное соглашение license agreement лицензионное соглашение license agreement лицензия licensing agreement лицензионное соглашение limited partnership agreement соглашение о создании компании с ограниченной ответственностью litigation agreement судебное соглашение loan agreement договор о ссуде loan agreement контракт на получение кредита loan agreement кредитное соглашение loan agreement соглашение между эмитентом ценных бумаг и синдикатом гарантов long-term agreement долгосрочное соглашение maintenace agreement договор о содержании, соглашение о содержании (ребенка, инвалида, пожилого человека) make an agreement заключать соглашение make an agreement приходить к соглашению management agreement соглашение с администрацией market sharing agreement соглашение о разделе рынка marketing agreement соглашение о сбыте продукции master agreement соглашение двух сторон об основных условиях свопов, которые будут заключены между ними в течение оговоренного срока mediation agreement арбитражное соглашение merger agreement договор о слиянии (компаний) model agreement типовой договор monetary agreement валютное соглашение multilateral agreement многостороннее соглашение multilateral trade agreement многостороннее торговое соглашение nondisclosure agreement соглашение о неразглашении open agreement открытое соглашение oral agreement устное соглашение parol agreement простое соглашение parol agreement соглашение не за печатью parol agreement устное соглашение partnership agreement договор о партнерстве partnership agreement договор о сотрудничестве party to an agreement сторона в договоре patent licensing agreement соглашение о патентной лицензии pay agreement платежное соглашение payment agreement платежное соглашение pension agreement договор о пенсионном обеспечении pension agreement пенсионный договор permanent agreement долгосрочное соглашение permanent agreement постоянное соглашение piece-work agreement договор о сдельной работе political agreement политическое соглашение pool scheme agreement соглашение об объединении пенсионных фондов нескольких предприятий portfolio management agreement соглашение об управлении портфелем ценных бумаг preferential agreement преференциальное соглашение preliminary agreement предварительное соглашение previous agreement предыдущее соглашение price agreement принятие цены price agreement соглашение о ценах private agreement конфиденциальное соглашение pro forma agreement формальное соглашение promotion agreement договор об учреждении, основании (акционерного общества, компании) purchase agreement соглашение о покупке quota agreement соглашение о квоте reach an agreement достигать соглашения reciprocity agreement соглашение, основанное на взаимности regulated agreement регулируемое соглашение reverse repurchase agreement покупка ценных бумаг с совершением через некоторое время обратной операции revolving credit agreement соглашение о возобновляемом кредите rough agreement вчт. приближенное согласие sailing agreement соглашение о навигации salary agreement соглашение о заработной плате sales agreement договор о продаже salvage agreement соглашение о производстве спасательных работ salvage agreement спасательный контракт, соглашение о производстве спасательных работ salvage agreement спасательный контракт secrecy agreement секретное соглашение selling group agreement соглашение, на основе которого группа банков размещает новый заем separate agreement соглашение о раздельном жительстве супругов separation agreement соглашение о раздельном жительстве супругов settlement agreement соглашение об урегулировании претензий shareholders' agreement соглашение между акционерами short-term agreement краткосрочное соглашение sidestep an agreement отступать от соглашения skeleton agreement набросок договора special agreement специальное соглашение specialization agreement соглашение о специализации sponsoring agreement соглашение о финансировании stevedoring agreement договор о погрузке или разгрузке корабля stowage agreement договор на стивидорные работы subordination agreement соглашение о подчинении supplementary agreement дополнительное соглашение swap agreement соглашение о получении иностранной валюты на короткий срок в обмен на национальную для целей валютных интервенций swap agreement exc. соглашение о свопах tacit agreement юр. молчаливое согласие tariff agreement соглашение о тарифах tariff agreement тарифное соглашение tax agreement соглашение о налогах technology transfer agreement соглашение о передаче технологии tenancy agreement арендное соглашение tenancy agreement арендный договор tenancy agreement договор об аренде tentative agreement предварительное соглашение term repurchase agreement соглашение о покупке акций с последующим их выкупом через определенный срок и по обусловленной цене terminate an agreement аннулировать соглашение terminate an agreement прекращать действие договора trade agreement торговое соглашение tripartite agreement трехстороннее соглашение truce agreement соглашение о перемирии verbal agreement договоренность verbal agreement устное соглашение wage agreement коллективный договор wage agreement соглашение о ставках заработной платы war risk agreement соглашение о военных рисках -
35 model
[ˈmɔdl]abstract model абстрактная модель abstract model building вчт. абстрактное моделирование allocation model модель распределения analytical model аналитическая модель associative model ассоциативная модель autonomous model автономная модель autoregressive model авторегрессионная модель backlogging model модель с задалживанием роста заказов battle model модель боя behavioral model модель поведения binomial model биномиальная модель binomial model биномиальное распределение clay-clay model жесткая модель closed model замкнутая модель coalition model модель коалиции cobweb model паутинообразная модель cognitive model когнитивная модель communication model модель общения computational model вычислительная модель computer model машинная модель conceptual model концептуальная модель cyclic queueing model вчт. циклическая модель массового обслуживания data model вчт. модель данных decision model модель принятия решений decision-theory model модель выбора решений decision-theory model модель принятия решений double-risk model модель с двойным риском dynamic model динамическая модель dynamic programming model вчт. модель динамического программирования econometric model эконометрическая модель entity-relationship model модель типа объект-отношение equilibrium model модель равновесия estimation model модель оценивания explaining model поясняющая модель finite-horizon model модель с конечным интервалом fixed-horizon model модель с постоянным интервалом fixed-service-level model модель с фиксированным уровнем обслуживания formal model формальная модель game model игровая модель game-theory model теоретико-игровая модель general duel model общая модель дуэли generalized model обобщенная модель generic model типовая модель global model глобальная модель imaging model модель изображений interindustry programming model вчт. межотраслевая модель программирования interruption model модель с возможностью прерывания обслуживания knowledge model вчт. модель знаний labyrinth model лабиринтная модель language model модель языка learning model модель обучения linear model линейная модель linear programming model модель линейного программирования linear regressive model линейный регрессионная модель linguistic model лингвистическая модель logical model логическая модель logical-linguistic model логико-лингвистическая модель macrosectoral model макроотраслевая модель many-server model вчт. многоканальная модель master-workers model модель хозяин-работники matrix model матричная модель model быть натурщиком, натурщицей, живой моделью, манекенщицей model живая модель (в магазине одежды) model макет model манекен model моделировать; лепить model модель, макет; шаблон model модель model натурщик; натурщица model образец, эталон model образец model attr. образцовый, примерный model оформлять model примерный, типовой (о конвенции, уставе и т.д.) model создавать по образцу (чего-л.; after, on); to model oneself ((up)on smb.) брать (кого-л.) за образец model тип model разг. точная копия model тех. формировать model шаблон model создавать по образцу (чего-л.; after, on); to model oneself ((up)on smb.) брать (кого-л.) за образец moving-average model модель скользящего среднего multichannel priority model вчт. многоканальная модель с приоритетами multifactor model многофакторная модель multiple model многоуровневая модель multistation queueing model вчт. многоканальная модель обслуживания network model сетевая модель no-backlog model модель без задалживания заказов no-queue model модель без образования очереди non-poisson model непуассоновская модель one-factor model однофакторная модель one-period model однопериодная модель open model открытая модель open model разомкнутая модель operations research model модель исследования операций phenomenological model феноменологическая модель pictorial model графическая модель pilot model опытный образец pilot: model plant опытный завод, опытная установка; pilot model опытная модель poisson model пуассоновская модель predicitive model прогнозирующая модель preference model модель предпочтений priority model модель с приоритетами probability model вероятностная модель probability model стохастическая модель production model производственная модель prognostic model прогностическая модель queueing model модель массового обслуживания queueing model модель очереди random model вероятностная модель random model стохастическая модель reduced model упрощенная модель regression model регрессионная модель relational model реляционная модель scaling model шкальная модель security model модель механизма защиты semi-poisson model полупуассоновская модель shortest-route model модель выбора кратчайшего пути sign model знаковая модель simplex model симплексная модель simulation model имитационная модель single-channel model одноканальная модель single-period model однопериодная модель single-phase model однофазовая модель single-server model одноканальная модель singular model одноуровневая модель software model вчт. программная модель solid model объемная модель sophisticated model усложненная модель standard model типовая модель static equilibrium model модель статического равновесия static inventory model статическая модель управления запасами static model статическая модель station-to-station model многошаговая модель stochastic model вероятностная модель teaching model учебная модель (машины, оборудования) three-dimensional model трехмерная модель transportation model транспортная задача transshipment model модель перевозок с промежуточными пунктами trend-free model модель с отсутствием тренда trial model испытательный образец trial model пробный образец two-echelon model двухступенчатая модель two-state model модель с двумя состояниями user model модель пользователя waiting line model модель очереди wire-frame model каркасная модель world decision model всеобщая модель решений world model модель мира
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