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1 stoletje
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2 dužь
dužь Grammatical information: adj. jo Proto-Slavic meaning: `strong'Page in Trubačev: V 167-168Russian:djúžij `sturdy, hefty, robust, healthy' [adj jo];dúžij (dial.) `strong, healthy' [adj jo]Old Russian:djúžij `strong' [adj jo]Belorussian:dúžy `strong, vigorous' [adj jo]Ukrainian:dúžyj `strong, healthy' [adj jo]Czech:duží (rare) `firm, strong' [adj jo]Slovak:dúži `strong, big, healthy' [adj jo]Polish:dużo `much, many, (16th-18th c.) very' [adv] \{1\}Lithuanian:daũg `much, many' [adv];daũgia (dial.) `much, many' [adv]Latvian:daũdz(i) `much, many' [adv]Comments: If the Polish forms are "Ruthenianisms", there is no objection against positing a root containing a nasal, cf. dęga, dęglъ(jь)i, nedǫgъ. On the other hand, the parallellism between Pl. dużo and Lith. daũgia is suggestive. Possibly, the roots *dǫg- and *dug- were confused (cf. Shevelov 1964: 321-322, ESSJa 25: 126). The latter root may reflect *dʰougʰ-, cf. Go. daug `is useful'.Notes:\{1\} According to Bańkowski (II: 312), duży `strong' and dużo (duże) `very', which are attested since the 16th century, originate from Ukrainian. Duży `big' is recorded sporadically from 1600 onwards and more frequently since the 18th century, while dużo `much, many' occurs only since the 18th century. -
3 cě̄nà
cě̄nà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `price, value'Page in Trubačev: III 182Old Church Slavic:cěna `price, value' [f ā]Russian:cená `price, value' [f ā], cénu [Accs], cény [Nom p];cená `price, value' [f ā], cenú [Accs], cény [Nom p] \{1\}Ukrainian:ciná `price, value' [f ā], cinú [Accs]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:cijèna `price, value' [f ā], cijènu [Accs];Čak. cīnȁ (Vrgada) `price, value' [f ā], cīnȕ [Accs];Čak. cīnȁ (Hvar) `price, value' [f ā], cȋnu [Accs], cīnȕ [Accs];Čak. cēnȁ (Novi) `price, value' [f ā], cēnȕ [Accs];Čak. ciȇno (Orbanići) [Accsf ā]Slovene:cẹ́na `price, value' [f ā]Bulgarian:cená `price, value' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: koinaʔLithuanian:káina `price, value' [f ā] 1Latvian:cìens `honour, respect' [m o]Indo-European reconstruction: kwoi-neh₂IE meaning: penance, penaltyCertainty: +Other cognates:Notes:\{1\} The variant with mobile stress is also attested in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 138), 17th and 18th century texts, in 18th and 19th century poetry and in dialects. -
4 dòl̨a
dòl̨a Grammatical information: f. jā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `share, fate'Page in Trubačev: V 62-63Church Slavic:Russian:dólja `part, share, fate, (bot., anat.) lobe' [f jā]Old Russian:Belorussian:dólja `share, fate' [f jā]Ukrainian:dólja `fate, destiny' [f jā] \{1\}Old Czech:Polish:Lithuanian:dalià `fate, destiny' [f jā] 4Latvian:dal̨a `part, share' [f jā]Comments: According to Bańkowski (2000: 282), this etymon spread from Belorussian, where it originated from a Lithuanian substratum, to Ukrainian, Russian and Polish. The secondary meaning `fate' is assumed to have arisen in Belorussian. Though this is not an implausible scenario, it should be noticed that Trubačëv mentions late 14th century attestations of dolja in Old Russian / Russian Church Slavic, in the meaning `fate' as well as in the meaning `part'. Furthermore, there is an Old Czech attestation from around 1400.Notes:\{1\} The earliest attestations date from the 17th century (Bańkowski 2000: 282). -
5 medojědъ
medojědъ Grammatical information: adj. oPage in Trubačev: XVIII 55Russian:medoéd (dial.) `honey-lover' [m o]Czech:Serbo-Croatian:mȅdojēd (dial.) `death's head moth' [m o]Slovene:medojẹ̀d `honey-eater, honey-lover' [m o], medojẹ́da [Gens]Page in Pokorny: 288, 707Comments: For morphological as well as semantic reasons the noun *medojedъ must be a more recent formation than *medvědь.Other cognates:Skt. madh(u)vád- `honey-eater'Notes:\{1\} The Psalter of Dimitri belongs to the corpus which was discovered at St. Catherine's monastery in 1975. Strictly speaking it might be classified as a Middle Bulgarian text (Birnbaum and Schaeken 1997: 143). \{2\} The attestations occur in a Croatian MS. from the 14th century and a Serbian MS. from the 15th century, respectively. \{3\} In West Slavic, we find secondary forms with n-, e.g. (O)Pl. niedźwiedź, OCz. nedvěd. -
6 medvě̀dь
medvě̀dь Grammatical information: m. jo Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `bear'Page in Trubačev: XVIII 55, 65-67Old Church Slavic:medvědь (PsDim.) `bear' [m jo] \{1\}Church Slavic:medvědь (Par., Hval.) `bear' [m jo] \{2\}Russian:medvéd' `bear' [m jo]Czech:medvěd `bear' [m o]Slovak:Polish:miedźwiedź (arch., dial.) `bear' [m jo] \{3\}Serbo-Croatian:mèdvjed `bear' [m o];Čak. medvȉd (Vrgada) `bear' [m o];Čak. medvȉd (Novi) `bear' [m o];Čak. medvȅd (Orbanići) `bear' [m o]Slovene:médvẹd `bear' [m o], medvẹ́da [Gens]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: medveʔd-i-Indo-European reconstruction: medʰ-u-h₁ed-i-IE meaning: honey-eaterCertainty: +Page in Pokorny: 288, 707Other cognates:Skt. madh(u)vád- `honey-eater'Notes:\{1\} The Psalter of Dimitri belongs to the corpus which was discovered at St. Catherine's monastery in 1975. Strictly speaking it might be classified as a Middle Bulgarian text (Birnbaum and Schaeken 1997: 143). \{2\} The attestations occur in a Croatian MS. from the 14th century and a Serbian MS. from the 15th century, respectively. \{3\} In West Slavic, we find secondary forms with n-, e.g. (O)Pl. niedźwiedź, OCz. nedvěd. -
7 rosà
rosà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `dew'Old Church Slavic:Russian:rosá `dew' [f ā], rosú [Accs];rosá (arch.) `dew' [f ā], rósu [Accs] \{1\}Ukrainian:rosá `dew' [f ā], rósu [Accs];rosá `dew' [f ā], rosú [Accs]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:ròsa `dew' [f ā], rȍsu [Accs], rȍse [Nom p];Čak. rosȁ (Vrgada) `dew' [f ā], rȍse [Nom p];Čak. rosȁ (Orbanići) `dew' [f ā], rȍso [Accs]Slovene:rósa `dew' [f ā]Bulgarian:rosá `dew, drop of sweat, drizzle' [f ā]Lithuanian:rasà `dew, drop' [f ā] 4Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: h₁ros-eh₂Other cognates:Skt. rasā́ `mythical river, moisture' [f]Notes:\{1\} According to Illič-Svityč (1963: 39, rosá, Asg. rósu, Npl. rósy is attested in 17th and 18th century documents as well as in 18th and 19th century poetry. Zaliznjak (1985: 138) reconstructs AP (c) for Early Old Russian. -
8 blizъkъ
blizъ I; blizъkъ Grammatical information: adj. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `near, close'Page in Trubačev: II 121-122Church Slavic:Russian:blízyj (dial.) `short-sighted' [adj o];blízkij `near, close' [adj o]Ukrainian:blýz'kyj `near, close' [adj o]Czech:blizý (arch.) `near, close' [adj o];blíkzý `near, close' [adj o]Slovak:blízky `near, close' [adj o]Polish:Old Polish:Upper Sorbian:Lower Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:blȋz `near, close' [adj o];blȉzak `near, close' [adj o]Slovene:blízǝk `near, close' [adj o], blízka [Nomsf]Bulgarian:blízăk `near, close' [adj o]Lithuanian:bláižyti `tear off, shell' [verb]Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: bʰl(e)iǵ-o-Page in Pokorny: 161Other cognates:Notes:\{1\} As an adjective, blizъ is exclusively attested in Croatian Church Slavic manuscripts from the 14th century. -
9 borna
I. borna I Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b/c Proto-Slavic meaning: `harrow'Page in Trubačev: II 204-206Russian:boroná `harrow' [f ā], bóronu [Accs]Old Russian:Ukrainian:boroná `harrow' [f ā]Czech:brány `harrow' [Nomplf ā]Slovak:brány `harrow' [Nomplf ā]Polish:Slovincian:bǻrnă `harrow' [f]Upper Sorbian:bróna `harrow' [f ā]Polabian:bornă `harrow' [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:brána `harrow' [f ā]Slovene:brána `harrow' [f ā]Bulgarian:brána `harrow' [f ā];braná (dial.) `harrow' [f ā]Macedonian:Indo-European reconstruction: bʰorH-neh₂Page in Pokorny: 133Comments: According to the ESSJa, *borna `harrow' and *borna `guarded entrance, barrier' belong to one and the same root. Though this may be correct, I prefer to leave it an open question whether these words may be identified. In my opinion, this is tantamount to leaving the question whether PSl. *borti, Lat. ferīre and OIc. berja are cognate with Gk. φαρόωσι, Lat. forāre and OIc. bora unanswered.Other cognates:Notes:II. borna II Grammatical information: f. āPage in Trubačev: II 204-206Old Russian:Ukrainian:boróna `defence' [f ā]Czech:brána `entrance, gate, defences' [f ā]Old Czech:brána `fortification, gate' [f]Slovak:brána `gate, guarded entrance' [f ā]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:brána `dam, weir, barrier, defender, defence' [f ā]Slovene:brána `protection, defence' [f ā]Bulgarian:braná (dial.) `dam, weir' [f ā]Macedonian:Indo-European reconstruction: bʰorH-neh₂Page in Pokorny: 133Comments: See borna I. -
10 brediti
brediti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `rave'Page in Trubačev: III 12Russian:Ukrainian:brěditi (OUkr.) `talk rubbish' [verb]Czech:bředit se (dial.) `writhe, forget out of malice' [verb]Polish:bredzić `be delirious, rave' [verb] \{1\}Lithuanian:brẽdyti `chatter, deceive' [verb] \{2\}Page in Pokorny: 164Comments: No doubt, this is the same root as in -> *brestì `wade', cf. Ru. sumasbród `madcap' (Van Wijk 1911: 128). We may be dealng with a denominative verb, (ESSJa) cf. Ru. bred `delirium, ravings'.Notes:\{1\} Since the 16th century. According to Bańkowksi (2000: 74), we are dealing with a ruthenism. \{2\} A borrowing from Slavic. -
11 drъžь
drъžь Grammatical information: m. jo? Proto-Slavic meaning: `shivering, tremor'Page in Trubačev: V 144Russian:Polish:Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: drugiosLithuanian:drugỹs `fever, malaria, butterfly, moth' [m io] 4Latvian:Comments: BSl. * drug- may in principle reflect * drugʰ- or * dʰrugʰ-, but to my knowledge there are no cognates outside Balto-Slavic.Notes: -
12 kъ(n)
kъ(n) Grammatical information: prep. Proto-Slavic meaning: `to'Page in Trubačev: XIII 173-174Old Church Slavic:kъ `to' [prep]Russian:Czech:k(e/u) `to' [prep]Slovak:Polish:ku `to' [prep]Old Polish:Serbo-Croatian:Slovene:k `to' [prep]Bulgarian:kăm `to' [prep]Macedonian:Notes:\{1\} By the beginning of the 18th century, the variant ku had ousted k, which still occurs dialectally. -
13 kъrmъ
kъrma II; kъrmъ Grammatical information: f. ā; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `food, fodder'Page in Trubačev: XIII 222-223; XIII 227-229Old Church Slavic:Russian:Old Russian:Czech:Slovak:Polish:Slovincian:kårma `fodder' [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:kŕma `fodder' [f ā] \{1\};Čak. kr̄mȁ `(cattle) fodder' [f ā], kr̄mȍ [Accs]Slovene:kŕma `nourishment, fodder, hay' [f ā]Bulgarian:kărmá `fodder, mother's milk' [f ā]Indo-European reconstruction: ḱrh₃-mo-Notes: -
14 sě̀verъ
sě̀verъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `North'Old Church Slavic:sěverъ `North, north wind' [m o]Russian:séver `North' [m o]Czech:Slovak:Upper Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:sjȅvēr `North' [m o]Slovene:sẹ́ver `north wind, North' [m jo], sẹ́verja [Gens];sẹ́ver `north wind, North' [m o], sẹ́vera [Gens];sẹ́vǝr `north wind, North' [m o], sẹ́vra [Gens];Bulgarian:séver `North' [m o]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: śéʔu̯er-; śi̯óʔur-Lithuanian:šiáurė `North' [f ē]Indo-European reconstruction: ḱeh₁uer-o-Other cognates:Notes: -
15 zȏbь
zȏbь; zȏbъ Grammatical information: f. i; m. oRussian:Czech:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:zȏb `oats' [f i], zȍbi [Gens];Čak. zȏb (Vrgada) `oats' [f i], zȍbi [Gens]Slovene:zǫ̑b `(solid) fodder, grain' [f i], zobȋ [Gens]Bulgarian:Indo-European reconstruction: ǵ(ʰ)obʰ-Notes:\{1\} Since the 18th century for nos. -
16 zȏbъ
zȏbь; zȏbъ Grammatical information: f. i; m. oRussian:Czech:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:zȏb `oats' [f i], zȍbi [Gens];Čak. zȏb (Vrgada) `oats' [f i], zȍbi [Gens]Slovene:zǫ̑b `(solid) fodder, grain' [f i], zobȋ [Gens]Bulgarian:Indo-European reconstruction: ǵ(ʰ)obʰ-Notes:\{1\} Since the 18th century for nos.
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