celeber

cĕlĕber, ēbris, ēbre, adj. ( masc. celebris, Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7; Tac. A. 2, 88 fin.; 13, 47; 14, 19; Curt. 5, 1, 18; Gell. 17, 21, 10; comp. very rare, but sup. freq.) [perh. Sanscr. çru-, audire; Gr. kleos; v. Corss. Beitr. p. 368], that which contains a multitude, numerous; hence,

Where there is a multitude, or where a multitude comes together; of places, much frequented or resorted to, populous, abounding in, rich in (syn.: plenus, frequens; opp. desertus): celeber poluandros, Gloss. Vet.:

in locis illa fortuita: culti an inculti, celebres an deserti, etc.,

Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36; id. Sest. 67, 140; id. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 159; id. Mil. 24, 66; Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:

loco celebri an secreto,

Quint. 11, 1, 47:

in foro celeberrimo, tantā frequentiā,

most frequented, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 133;

but: celeberrimo fori,

at the time when the Forum was most frequented, Tac. A. 4, 67 fin.:

via,

Cato, R. R. 1, 3:

portus celeberrimus atque plenissimus navium,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:

celeberrimo virorum mulierumque conventu,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107; id. Phil. 14, 6, 16; cf. id. Pis. 15, 34:

celebri urbe et copiosā,

id. Arch. 3, 4:

celeberrimo loco (urbis) elatus,

Nep. Dion, 10, 3; cf. Plin. Ep. 2, 7, 7; 8, 6, 14:

pars oppidi,

Suet. Aug. 1:

oraculum,

Cic. Div. 1, 19, 37:

convivium,

Tac. A. 14, 48; id. H. 1, 81:

celeberrima fontibus Ide,

Ov. M. 2, 218:

celeberrimus ilice lucus,

id. Am. 3, 5, 3.—

Meton.

That is celebrated, honored by a great assembly, procession, train, etc.; renowned, distinguished, celebrated, famous (syn.: clarus, notus, nobilis; in prose and poetry, partic. since the Aug. per.).

With abl.:

gentis Aquitanae celeber Messala triumphis,

Tib. 2, 1, 33:

dies omni caerimoniarum genere,

Liv. 25, 12, 15; cf.

ludi,

Suet. Aug. 44:

Tiresias famā,

Ov. M. 3, 339:

Daedalus ingenio artis,

id. ib. 8, 159:

vir arte grammaticā,

Plin. 24, 17, 102, § 167:

quisque ingenio,

Tac. Agr. 1:

tribunus plebis opibus, gratiā, etc.,

Vell. 2, 18, 2:

pons Mulvius nocturnis illecebris,

Tac. A. 13, 47.—

Absol.:

dies celeberrimi laetissimique,

most solemn, festive, Cic. Lael. 3, 12:

res totā Siciliā celeberrima atque notissima,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61: celebre per Hispaniam responsum, Liv. 21, 19, 8: fama inter barbaros id. 27, 33, 1:

nomen ad posteros,

id. 1, 3, 8:

viri,

id. 26, 27, 16:

duces,

Vell. 2, 17, 2:

Arminius,

Tac. A. 2, 88:

Diana,

Hor. C. 2, 12, 20:

dea,

Ov. M. 1, 747; cf. id. ib. 5, 412:

templa,

Quint. 1, 4, 16: Aper et Secundus, celeberrima tum ingema fori nostri. Tac. Or. 2. —

With in:

celeberrimus fuit in hoc genere Sosus,

Plin. 36, 25, 60, § 184.—

Often repeated, numerous, frequent (very rare): celebri gradu, with double quick step, Att. ap. Non. p. 89, 25 (Trag. Rel. v. 25 Rib.):

verba celeberrima,

often repeated, Ov. A. A. 2, 705:

vox,

id. P. 1, 9, 25:

lapis celeber trans maria et quondam in Campania,

Plin. 34, 1, 2, § 2:

nomina in annalibus,

Gell. 7 (6), 7, 1.

* * *

adj fashionable;

( berømt) celebrated,

( stærkere) famous;

( ironisk brugt) notorious.

* * *

* * *

* * *

cĕlē̆bro, āvi, ātum, v. a. [id.].

To go to a place or person in great numbers or often, to frequent, to fill (syn. frequento;

class.): deūm delubra festis diebus,

Lucr. 5, 1167:

viam,

Cic. Cael. 14, 34; id. Sest. 63, 131:

domum alicujus,

id. Mur. 34, 70:

atria,

Ov. M. 1, 172:

silvas,

id. ib. 10, 703:

tecta,

id. ib. 4, 444:

forum,

id. ib. 4, 144; cf.:

forum maxime celebratum,

Sall. J. 47, 1:

Penates, i. e. domum redire,

Tib. 1, 3, 33:

me magistrum,

id. 1, 4, 75.—

Of a desired action (cf. celeber, B.), to do something frequently or in multitudes, to practise, engage in, say, use, employ, repeat, = frequento, etc.:

intro abite atque haec cito celebrate,

i. e. in company, all together, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 36:

ad eas artes, quibus a pueris dediti fuimus, celebrandas inter nosque recolendas,

Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 2:

cognitionem exercitationemque,

id. ib. 3, 28, 110:

genus divinationis,

id. Div. 1, 2, 3; cf.:

celebratum genus mortis,

a kind of death suffered by many, Tac. H. 2, 49 fin.:

necessitatem,

Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 155:

jurisdictionem,

Liv. 6, 32, 1:

popularem potestatem,

id. 2, 42, 6:

iambum,

Quint. 10, 1, 96:

seria ac jocos cum aliquo,

Liv. 1, 4, 9.—

Aliquid aliquā re, to fill up with something:

contiones suas convicio cantorum,

Cic. Sest. 55, 118:

ripas carmine,

Ov. M. 2, 252 (cf.:

concelebrant ripas,

Lucr. 2, 345):

cujus litteris, famā, nuntiis celebrantur aures cottidie meae,

i. e. are filled, full, Cic. Prov. Cons. 9, 22.— Poet.: juvenes multo sermone, to talk much with [p. 309] them, Tib. 1, 6, 17.—

Meton.

To go in great numbers to a celebration; hence, in gen., to celebrate, solemnize, keep a festival:

festos dies,

Cic. Arch. 6, 13; cf.:

is (dies) festus celebratusque per omnem Africam,

Sall. J. 66, 2; Cic. Pis. 22, 51; id. Cat. 3, 10, 23; Liv. 10, 37, 12; Tac. A. 15, 53; Suet. Aug. 75; id. Tib. 65 init.; Hor. S. 2, 2, 61; Ov. M. 4, 4:

convivium omnium sermone laetitiāque,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66; Liv. 40, 14, 2; Tac. A. 4, 59; cf.

coetum,

Verg. A. 1, 735:

conjugia,

id. ib. 7, 555; cf.

nuptias,

Liv. 36, 11, 2; cf.:

solemnia nuptiarum,

Tac. A. 11, 26 fin.:

officium nuptiarum,

Suet. Claud. 26; and poet.:

taedas jugales Thetidis,

Cat. 64, 302:

annua sacra,

Verg. A. 8, 173; cf. id. ib. 5, 598 and 603: funus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117; cf.

exsequias,

Liv. 25, 17, 5; 37, 22, 2:

diem natalem Vitellii,

Tac. H. 2, 95; Lact. 1, 20, 6; Plin. Ep. 10, 102 (103):

natales,

id. ib. 6, 30, 1; Tac. A. 6, 18; and absol.:

totā celebrante Siciliā sepultus est,

Nep. Timol. 5 fin. —

To honor, praise, celebrate the praises of a person or thing, to celebrate in song (syn.:

colere, laudare, illustrare): laus, quae non poetarum carminibus, non annalium monumentis celebratur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43; cf. id. Planc. 39, 93:

vestrum egressum ornando atque celebrando,

id. Pis. 13, 31:

fortuna res cunctas ex libidine magis quam ex vero celebrat obscuratque,

Sall. C. 8, 1:

talia carminibus,

Verg. A. 8, 303:

nomen alicujus scriptis,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 1:

facta pro maxumis,

Sall. C. 8, 3:

domestica facta,

Hor. A. P. 287: se remque publicam haec faciundo, to make renowned, Sall J. 85, 36: Mari virtutem in majus ( = epi to meizon kosmein), id. ib. 73, 5:

augereque aliquem,

id. ib. 86, 3: honores alicujus, celebrate one ' s honor, Verg. A. 12, 840:

memoriam,

Tac. H. 1, 78:

victoriam ingenti fama,

id. Agr. 39 al.:

virum aut heroa lyrā, etc.,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 2:

sepulcrum hominum conventu et epulis,

Cic. Fl. 38, 95:

memoriam nominis epulis,

id. Fin. 2, 31, 103:

litora ludis,

Verg. A. 3, 280:

sententiam magno assensu,

Tac. A. 15, 22:

mortem funere censorio,

id. ib. 6, 27:

aliquem admiratione,

id. H. 2, 71:

obsequio,

id. A. 16, 33:

funere publico,

id. ib. 6, 11 fin. —

Without the access. idea of extolling, in gen., to make something known, to publish abroad, proclaim:

quibus in locis factum esse consulem Murenam nuntii litteraeque celebrassent,

Cic. Mur. 41, 89:

quod vocibus maledictisque celebratum est,

id. Cael. 3, 6:

quā re celebratā,

id. Div. 1, 17, 31.— cĕlĕbrā-tus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to I. a.) Frequented, much visited:

forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,

Sall. J. 47, 1.—

(Acc. to I. b.) Customary, usual, frequent:

tritum atque celebratum,

Cic. Fl. 27, 65:

celebratum est usque in proverbium,

Quint. 1, 10, 21:

schemata,

id. 9, 2, 92:

usus anuli celebratior,

Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 28:

verbum celebratius,

Gell. 17, 2, 25 (cf. id. 17, 2, 25, § 17: verbum crebrius, and id. 17, 2, 25, § 18: verbum creberrimum).—

(Acc. to II. A.) Solemn, festive, brilliant:

dies celebratior,

Ov. M. 7, 430:

supplicatio celebratior,

Liv. 3, 63, 5.—

(Acc. to II. B.) Known, celebrated, famous:

loci famā celebrati,

Tac. A. 2, 54:

quo Actiacae victoriae memoria celebratior in posterum esset,

Suet. Aug. 18.— Adv., v. celebriter.

frĕquens, entis, adj. [root phrak-, phrassô, to enclose, make close; Lat. farcio, fartilis, etc.; cf. Germ. Berg, Burg], that takes place repeatedly, often, or frequently, often, frequent (class.; syn.: celeber, creber).

Lit.

Of persons, that is often at a place, or that often does a thing, regular, constant, repeated (syn.:

assiduus, creber, multus): erat ille Romae frequens, in foro et in ore omnium cottidie versabatur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:

quibuscum si frequentes sunt,

id. Off. 2, 13, 46; cf. Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 80.— Comp.:

quod filium frequentiorem prope cum illis quam secum cernebat,

Liv. 39, 53, 11:

Demosthenes frequens fuit Platonis auditor,

an assiduous hearer, Cic. Or. 4, 45:

nos autem in hoc genere (orationis) frequentes,

id. ib. 50, 167:

sed in utroque frequentiores sunt poëtae,

id. ib. 60, 202; cf.

spectator,

Quint. 10, 5, 19:

conviva,

Mart. 9, 98, 10:

frequentem ad signa esse,

Liv. 3, 24, 5:

adesse senatui,

Tac. A. 4, 55; so with dat.:

contionibus,

id. H. 4, 69 fin.:

secretis,

id. A. 4, 3:

in ore frequens posteritatis eris,

Ov. P. 2, 6, 34:

frequens te audivi atque affui,

Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 243.— Poet. with inf.:

hic hominum casus lenire et demere fatis Jura frequens,

Stat. Th. 7, 706.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things, repeated, often, frequent, common, usual:

mihi frequentem operam dedistis,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 7:

(senectus) caret epulis exstructisque mensis et frequentibus poculis,

Cic. de Sen. 13, 44:

frequentiores (lactucae) in cibo,

Plin. 20, 7, 26, § 68:

frequentes litterae,

Suet. Tib. 11:

edicta,

id. Ner. 41:

iambus et trochaeus frequens,

Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 182; cf.:

(verbum igitur) cum apud alios sit etiam frequens, apud alios numquam reperiatur,

Quint. 1, 5, 39:

opera (= assidua),

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 7; cf. Varr. L. L. 7, § 99: frequentiora latrocinia, Asin. Poll. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 1:

familiaritas,

Nep. Att. 19 fin.:

honores,

id. Phoc. 1:

comparationis usus,

Quint. 8, 6, 14:

frequentior usus anulorum,

Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 17; cf.:

nec fuit alia gemma apud antiquos usu frequentior,

id. 37, 7, 31, § 106:

frequentior fama,

Liv. 2, 32, 3: sententia, held or adopted by many, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 6:

frequens apud Graecos adagium,

Gell. 1, 8, 4; cf. Quint. 8, 6, 37:

id frequentius est, quam ut exemplis confirmandum sit,

id. 4, 1, 75; 9, 2, 53:

esse videatur, jam nimis frequens, octonarium incohat,

id. 9, 4, 73.— With a subject-clause:

erat adhuc frequens senatoribus, si quid, etc....loco sententiae promere, = usitatum,

Tac. A. 2, 33:

parere ergo exceptionem rei judicatae, frequens est,

Dig. 44, 2, 6.

Transf., of a multitude, assembled in great numbers, full, crowded, numerous:

videt multos equites Romanos, frequentes praeterea cives atque socios,

Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 7:

refert etiam, qui audiant, frequentes an pauci an singuli,

id. de Or. 3, 55, 211:

major frequentiorque legatio,

Liv. 5, 5, 10:

senatus fuit frequentior quam, etc.... frequentes fuimus, omnino ad ducentos,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1:

senatus frequens convenit,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 3; cf.:

senatus frequens vocatu Drusi in curiam venit,

id. de Or. 3, 1, 2; Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 111; cf.

also: frequentissimo senatu,

Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99:

ad frequentiores consultatio dilata,

Liv. 35, 7, 1:

legem populi frequentis suffragiis abrogare,

Cic. Brut. 62, 222:

mane Germani frequentes ad eum in castra venerunt,

in great numbers, Caes. B. G. 4, 13, 4; cf.:

eodem conveniunt undique frequentes,

id. ib. 7, 63, 6; id. B. C. 1, 13, 1:

frequenti consessu,

Suet. Aug. 44:

convivio frequenti,

id. Caes. 31; id. Tib. 61:

frequenti auditorio,

id. Claud. 41:

equites Romani, qui frequentissimi in gradibus Concordiae steterunt,

Cic. Phil. 7, 8, 21:

huc postero die quam frequentissimi conveniunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 11, 5:

frequens ibi hic piscis,

Plin. 9, 59, 85, § 180: huc frequens Caementa demittit redemptor Cum famulis ( poet. for famulis frequentibus), Hor. C. 3, 1, 34.—

Of places filled with a multitude, filled, full, crowded, populous, much frequented, well stocked (syn.: plenus, abundans).— Constr. absol., with abl., and in Tac. also [p. 780] with gen.

Absol.:

frequentissimum theatrum,

Cic. Div. 1, 28 fin.:

sic ut nulla (praefectura) tota Italia frequentior dici possit,

more populous, id. Planc. 8, 21:

ei processit, ut est frequens municipium magna multitudo,

id. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

Numidia,

Sall. J. 78 fin.:

celebre et frequens emporium,

much frequented, Liv. 38, 18, 11:

via,

Ov. A. A. 1, 585; cf.

compita,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 26:

ludi,

id. Carm. Sec. 22; cf.

pompa,

Ov. A. A. 1, 147.—

With abl. (since the Aug. per.):

cum situm moeniaque et frequentem tectis urbem vidissent,

Liv. 1, 9, 9:

loca aedificiis,

id. 31, 23, 5:

Aegyptus multis (urbibus),

Plin. 5, 9, 11, § 60:

terra colubris,

Ov. M. 4, 620:

Sinuessa niveis columbis,

id. ib. 15, 715:

silva trabibus,

id. ib. 8, 328; cf.:

locus piceis ilicibusque,

id. H. 16, 54:

nemus agrestium pavonum multitudine frequens,

Curt. 9, 2, 13:

Nilus feris et beluis,

Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 53:

amnis vorticibus,

Ov. M. 9, 106:

vivarium piscibus,

Col. 8, 16, 4:

pharetra telis Lernaeis,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 1233.— Comp.:

utra pars frequentior vicis esset,

Liv. 35, 11, 5.—

With gen.:

quod talis silvae frequens fecundusque erat (mons),

Tac. A. 4, 65.—Hence, adv.: frĕ-quenter.

(Acc. to I.) Often, frequently (not freq. till after the Aug. per.):

ut frequenter et assidue consequamur artis rationem studio et exercitatione,

Auct. Her. 4, 56, 69:

ad aliquem frequenter ventitare,

Cic. Rep. 1, 9 (Moser, frequentes); cf.:

gratior (erat) Alexandro frequenter in officinam ventitanti,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 85:

praecipue quidem apud Ciceronem, frequenter tamen apud Asinium,

Quint. 1, 8, 11:

frequenter in his etiam conjecturae locus est, nonnumquam tractatur aliqua finitio: aliquando etiam legales possunt incidere tractatus,

id. 3, 8, 4:

habet usum talis allegoriae frequenter oratio, sed raro totius,

id. 8, 6, 47:

continuo aut certe nimium frequenter,

id. 9, 1, 11;

opp. semper,

id. 12, 1, 3; v. infra.— Comp.:

quod et M. Cicero scripto ad Brutum libro frequentius testatur,

Quint. 1, 10, 4:

haec ad conjecturam frequentius pertinent, sed interim ad jus quoque,

id. 5, 10, 38:

ne plebs frumentationum causa frequentius a negotiis avocaretur,

Suet. Aug. 40:

non alias missi cecidere frequentius ignes,

Ov. F. 3, 287.— Sup.:

translatione frequentissime sermo omnis utitur,

Cic. Or. 24, 81:

non semper, etiamsi frequentissime, tuenda veritas erit,

Quint. 2, 17, 36; Suet. Aug. 43.—

(Acc. to II.) Numerously, in great numbers, by many (very rare):

huic frequenter interceditur,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 5:

Romam inde frequenter migratum est,

Liv. 1, 11, 4.

illustris ( inl-), e ( nom. sing. masc. illuster. Val. Max. 4, 1, 5; 4, 3, 11), adj. [inlustro], lighted up, clear, bright, light, lustrous (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.).

Lit.: ostendebat Carthaginem de excelso et pleno stellarum, illustri et claro quodam loco, Cic. Rep. 6, 11; cf.:

tum nec nimis illustres nec vehementer obscuros locos haberi oportet,

Auct. Her. 3, 19, 32:

locus,

Cels. 3, 6:

habitare bonis et illustribus domiciliis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95:

balnearia,

Col. 1, 6, 2:

illustris et pellucida stella,

Cic. Div. 1, 57, 130:

radii solis,

Plin. 18, 35, 78, § 344:

noctes,

id. 9, 16, 23, § 56:

caelum,

Val. Fl. 6, 528.— Comp.:

ostio et lumine illustriore,

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; cf.:

solis candor illustrior est quam ullius ignis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 40:

(ventus) tegulas illustriores fecit,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 1, 6.—

Trop.

Clear, plain, distinct, evident, manifest (syn. clarus):

praeter haec, quae testata sunt et illustria, habeo multa occultiora,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 6:

his rationibus tam certis tamque illustribus, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 3; cf.:

illustribus igitur rebus insistis... a certis et illustrioribus cohibes assensum,

id. Ac. 2, 29, 94:

nec vero ita disseram de re tam illustri tamque nota, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 24 Mos.:

factum illustre notumque omnibus,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:

visus insignis et illustris,

id. N. D. 1, 2, 15 fin.:

illustris oratio est, si, etc.... est enim haec pars orationis, quae rem constituat paene ante oculos... est plus aliquanto illustre quam illud dilucidum: altero fit, ut intelligamus, altero vero ut videre videamur,

id. Part. Or. 6, 20:

si desit illustris explanatio, propositio, etc.,

Quint. 9, 2, 2:

instruenda est vita exemplis illustribus,

Sen. Ep. 83.—

Distinguished, respectable, famous, honorable, illustrious (cf.:

clarus, insignis, spectabilis, nobilissimus, celeber, inclutus): homines illustres honore ac nomine,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 5, 18:

illustrium hominum aetates et tempora persequi (shortly after: de clarorum virorum laudibus),

Cic. Brut. 19, 74:

illustribus in personis temporibusque,

id. Rep. 2, 31 fin.:

orator,

id. Brut. 32, 122:

poëtae,

Quint. 5, 11, 36:

florens et illustris adulescens,

Caes. B. G. 7, 32, 4:

de antiquis illustrissimus quisque pastor erat,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6:

philosophorum illustrissimi,

Gell. 18, 7, 3:

feminae,

noble, Suet. Tib. 45; id. Calig. 36:

cum illustribus provinciarum,

id. Caes. 48:

quorundam illustrium exsequiae,

id. Tib. 32:

paterfamiliae illustriore loco natus,

Caes. B. G. 6, 19, 3:

Themistoclis nomen est quam Solonis illustrius,

Cic. Off. 1, 22, 75:

vitae ratio illustrior,

id. Rep. 3, 3; cf.:

sunt illustriora quae publice fiunt,

id. ib. 3, 12:

haec vides quanto expressiora quantoque illustriora futura sint,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 9:

major atque illustrior res,

more important, more remarkable, Caes. B. G. 7, 3, 2:

causarum illustrium quascumque defendi nunc conficio orationes,

Cic. de Sen. 11, 38.—Hence, adv. (acc. to II. A.), clearly, distinctly, perspicuously (very rare; only comp. and sup.):

illustrius,

Cic. Fam. 10, 19, 1; id. Dom. 11, 27; Arn. 2, 44:

illustrissime descripsit,

Gell. 9, 13, 4.

illustris ( inl-), e ( nom. sing. masc. illuster. Val. Max. 4, 1, 5; 4, 3, 11), adj. [inlustro], lighted up, clear, bright, light, lustrous (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.).

Lit.: ostendebat Carthaginem de excelso et pleno stellarum, illustri et claro quodam loco, Cic. Rep. 6, 11; cf.:

tum nec nimis illustres nec vehementer obscuros locos haberi oportet,

Auct. Her. 3, 19, 32:

locus,

Cels. 3, 6:

habitare bonis et illustribus domiciliis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95:

balnearia,

Col. 1, 6, 2:

illustris et pellucida stella,

Cic. Div. 1, 57, 130:

radii solis,

Plin. 18, 35, 78, § 344:

noctes,

id. 9, 16, 23, § 56:

caelum,

Val. Fl. 6, 528.— Comp.:

ostio et lumine illustriore,

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; cf.:

solis candor illustrior est quam ullius ignis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 40:

(ventus) tegulas illustriores fecit,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 1, 6.—

Trop.

Clear, plain, distinct, evident, manifest (syn. clarus):

praeter haec, quae testata sunt et illustria, habeo multa occultiora,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 6:

his rationibus tam certis tamque illustribus, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 3; cf.:

illustribus igitur rebus insistis... a certis et illustrioribus cohibes assensum,

id. Ac. 2, 29, 94:

nec vero ita disseram de re tam illustri tamque nota, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 24 Mos.:

factum illustre notumque omnibus,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:

visus insignis et illustris,

id. N. D. 1, 2, 15 fin.:

illustris oratio est, si, etc.... est enim haec pars orationis, quae rem constituat paene ante oculos... est plus aliquanto illustre quam illud dilucidum: altero fit, ut intelligamus, altero vero ut videre videamur,

id. Part. Or. 6, 20:

si desit illustris explanatio, propositio, etc.,

Quint. 9, 2, 2:

instruenda est vita exemplis illustribus,

Sen. Ep. 83.—

Distinguished, respectable, famous, honorable, illustrious (cf.:

clarus, insignis, spectabilis, nobilissimus, celeber, inclutus): homines illustres honore ac nomine,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 5, 18:

illustrium hominum aetates et tempora persequi (shortly after: de clarorum virorum laudibus),

Cic. Brut. 19, 74:

illustribus in personis temporibusque,

id. Rep. 2, 31 fin.:

orator,

id. Brut. 32, 122:

poëtae,

Quint. 5, 11, 36:

florens et illustris adulescens,

Caes. B. G. 7, 32, 4:

de antiquis illustrissimus quisque pastor erat,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6:

philosophorum illustrissimi,

Gell. 18, 7, 3:

feminae,

noble, Suet. Tib. 45; id. Calig. 36:

cum illustribus provinciarum,

id. Caes. 48:

quorundam illustrium exsequiae,

id. Tib. 32:

paterfamiliae illustriore loco natus,

Caes. B. G. 6, 19, 3:

Themistoclis nomen est quam Solonis illustrius,

Cic. Off. 1, 22, 75:

vitae ratio illustrior,

id. Rep. 3, 3; cf.:

sunt illustriora quae publice fiunt,

id. ib. 3, 12:

haec vides quanto expressiora quantoque illustriora futura sint,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 9:

major atque illustrior res,

more important, more remarkable, Caes. B. G. 7, 3, 2:

causarum illustrium quascumque defendi nunc conficio orationes,

Cic. de Sen. 11, 38.—Hence, adv. (acc. to II. A.), clearly, distinctly, perspicuously (very rare; only comp. and sup.):

illustrius,

Cic. Fam. 10, 19, 1; id. Dom. 11, 27; Arn. 2, 44:

illustrissime descripsit,

Gell. 9, 13, 4.

sē-cerno, crēvi, crētum, 3 (old inf. secernier, Lucr. 3, 263), v. a.

Lit., to put apart, to sunder, sever, separate (freq. and class.; not in Cæs.; cf.: sepono, sejungo, secludo); constr. with simple acc., or with ab aliquā re; less freq. ex aliquā re; poet. with abl.

With simple acc.:

quae non animalia solum Corpora sejungunt, sed terras ac mare totum Secernunt,

Lucr. 2, 729:

seorsum partem utramque,

id. 3, 637:

arietes, quibus sis usurus ad feturam, bimestri tempore ante secernendum,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 13 (cf. infra, b):

stamen secernit harundo,

Ov. M. 6, 55:

sparsos sine ordine flores Secernunt calathis,

separate in baskets, id. ib. 14, 267:

nihil (praedae) in publicum secernendo augenti rem privatam militi favit,

setting apart for the public treasury, Liv. 7, 16; cf.:

Juppiter illa piae secrevit litora genti,

hath set apart for the pious race, Hor. Epod. 16, 63:

inde pares centum denos secrevit in orbes Romulus,

separated, divided, Ov. F. 3, 127.—

With ab or (less freq.) with ex, and poet. with abl.:

a terris altum secernere caelum,

Lucr. 5, 446:

ab aëre caelum,

Ov. M. 1, 23:

Europen ab Afro (medius liquor),

Hor. C. 3, 3, 47:

muro denique secernantur a nobis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32:

inermes ab armatis,

Liv. 41, 3:

militem a populo (in spectaculis),

Suet. Aug. 44:

se a bonis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32; cf.:

se ab Etruscis,

Liv. 6, 10.—In the part. perf.:

antequam incipiat admissura fieri, mares a feminis secretos habeant,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 18 (cf. supra, a); so,

saepta ab aliis,

id. ib. 2, 2, 8:

manus a nobis,

Lucr. 2, 912; 3, 552:

sphaera ab aethereā conjunctione,

Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

sucus a reliquo cibo,

id. ib. 2, 55, 137:

bilis ab eo cibo,

id. ib. al.:

secreti ab aliis ad tribunos adducuntur,

Liv. 6, 25; 25, 30:

secretis alterius ab altero criminibus,

id. 40, 8 fin.; 39, 10:

se e grege imperatorum,

id. 35, 14 fin.:

unum e praetextatis compluribus,

Suet. Aug. 94 med.:

monile ex omni gazā,

id. Galb. 18:

me gelidum nemus Nympharumque leves chori Secernunt populo,

separate, distinguish, Hor. C. 1, 1, 32.—

Trop., to separate, disjoin, part, dissociate (syn.: internosco, distinguo).

With simple acc.:

hosce ego homines excipio et secerno libenter,

set apart, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15.—

With ab, or poet. with abl.: ut venustas et pulchritudo corporis secerni non potest a valetudine;

sic, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95:

animum a corpore,

id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

tertium genus (laudationum) a praeceptis nostris,

id. de Or. 2, 84, 341; cf.:

ipsam pronuntiationem ab oratore,

Quint. 1, 11, 17: dicendi facultatem a majore vitae laude, id. 2, 15, 2:

sua a publicis consiliis,

Liv. 4, 57:

haec a probris ac sceleribus ejus,

Suet. Ner. 19 et saep.:

cur me a ceteris clarissimis viris in hoc officio secernas,

Cic. Sull. 1, 3:

publica privatis, sacra profanis,

Hor. A. P. 397.—

To distinguish, discern:

blandum amicum a vero,

Cic. Lael. 25, 95:

non satis acute, quae sunt secernenda, distinguit,

id. Top. 7, 31:

nec natura potest justo secernere iniquum, Dividit ut bona diversis, fugienda petendis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 113:

turpi honestum,

id. ib. 1, 6, 63.—

To set aside, reject:

cum reus frugalissimum quemque secerneret,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3:

minus idoneos senatores,

Suet. Vit. 2.—Hence, sēcrē-tus, a, um, P. a., severed, separated; hence, separate, apart (as an adj. not freq. till after the Aug. period; not in Cic.; syn.: sejunctus, seclusus).

In gen.:

ne ducem suum, neve secretum imperium propriave signa haberent, miscuit manipulos, etc.,

Liv. 1, 52:

electa (uva defertur) in secretam corbulam,

Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2:

arva,

Verg. A. 6, 478; Varr. L. L. 9, § 57 Müll.—

In partic.

Of places or things pertaining to them, out of the way, retired, remote, lonely, solitary, secret (syn.:

solus, remotus, arcanus): secreta petit loca, balnea vitat,

Hor. A. P. 298:

locus (opp. celeber),

Quint. 11, 1, 47:

montes,

Ov. M. 11, 765:

silva,

id. ib. 7, 75:

litora,

id. ib. 12, 196:

pars domus (the gynaeceum),

id. ib. 2, 737; cf. in sup.:

secretissimus locus (navis),

Petr. 100, 6: vastum ubique silentium, secreti colles, solitary, i. e. abandoned, deserted by the enemy, = deserti, Tac. Agr. 38:

iter (with semita),

solitary, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 103; cf.

quies,

Mart. 7, 32, 4.—Of persons and transactions, private, secret:

invadit secretissimos tumultus,

Sen. Ep. 91, 5:

vacuis porticibus secretus agitat,

Tac. A. 11, 21:

est aliquis ex secretis studiis fructus,

private studies, Quint. 2, 18, 4; so,

studia (opp. forum),

id. 12, 6, 4:

disputationes,

id. 12, 2, 7:

contentio,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 4 et saep. —Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., retirement, solitude, secrecy; a solitude, solitary place, retreat (syn.: solitudo, secessus); sing.:

cum stilus secreto gaudeat atque omnes arbitros reformidet,

Quint. 10, 7, 16:

secreti longi causā,

Ov. H. 21, 21:

altum abditumque secretum, Phn. Ep. 2, 17, 22: dulce,

id. ib. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 30; 12, 5, 2; Tac. A. 4, 57; 14, 53; id. Agr. 39 fin.; Phaedr. 3, 10, 11; 4, 23, 6; Luc. 3, 314.— Plur.:

se a vulgo et scaenā in secreta removere,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 71:

horrendaeque procul secreta Sibyllae,

Verg. A. 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 594; Tac. H. 3, 63; Quint. 1, 2, 18:

dulcis secretorum comes (eloquentia),

id. 1, 4, 5:

cameli solitudines aut secreta certe petunt,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 173.— Comp.:

haec pars Suevorum in secretiora Germaniae porrigitur,

into the more remote parts, Tac. G. 41. —

Absol.: in secreto, in a secret place, secretly:

tempus in secreto lbi tereret,

Liv. 26, 19, 5:

reus in secreto agebatur,

Curt. 10, 4, 29.—

That is removed from acquaintance (cf. abditus), hidden, concealed, secret:

secreta ducis pectora,

Mart. 5, 5, 4:

secretas advocat artes,

Ov. M. 7, 138:

ars,

Petr. 3:

litterae (with familiares),

Quint. 1, 1, 29:

carmina (the Sibylline odes),

Luc. 1, 599:

libidines,

Tac. A. 1, 4 fin.:

quaedam imperii pignora,

Flor. 1, 2, 3.—With ab:

nec quicquam secretum alter ab altero haberent,

Liv. 39, 10, 1.— Comp.:

libertus ex secretioribus ministeriis,

Tac. Agr. 40:

praemia (opp. publica largitio),

id. H. 1, 24:

aliud (nomen),

Quint. 1, 4, 25:

vitium stomachi,

Mart. 3, 77, 9.— Poet. for the adv. secreto:

tu (Anna) secreta pyram tecto interiore Erige,

in secret, secretly, Verg. A. 4, 494; cf.:

stridere secreta divisos aure susurros,

secretly in each one's ear, Hor. S. 2, 8, 78.—Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., something secret, secret conversation; a mystery, secret:

secretum petenti non nisi adhibito filio dedit,

Suet. Tib. 25 fin.; id. Calig. 23:

illuc me persecutus secretum petit,

a secret interview, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11:

petito secreto futura aperit,

Tac. H. 2, 4.— Piur.:

crebra cum amicis secreta habere,

Tac. A. 13, 18:

animi secreta proferuntur,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141:

nulla lex jubet amicorum secreta non eloqui,

Sen. Ben. 5, 21, 1:

omnium secreta rimari,

Tac. A. 6, 3:

horribile secretum,

Petr. 21, 3; Tac. H. 1, 17 fin.; id. Agr. 25; Suet. Aug. 66:

uxor omnis secreti capacissima,

Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 7; Quint. 12, 9, 5 al.—Concr.:

lucos ac nemora consecrant deorumque nominibus appellant secretum illud, quod solā reverentiā vident,

that mysterious being, Tac. G. 9 fin.—Plur.:

introitus, aperta, secreta velut in annales referebat,

Tac. A. 4, 67; cf.:

gens non astuta aperit adhuc secreta pectoris licentia joci,

id. G. 22:

oratio animi secreta detegit,

Quint. 11, 1, 30; Tac. A. 1, 6; 4, 7 fin.; 6, 3; id. G. 19; Plin. Pan. 68, 6; Suet. Tib. 52; id. Oth. 3 et saep.—Concr.:

(Minerva) hanc legem dederat, sua ne secreta viderent,

i. e. the mysteries, Ov. M. 2, 556; 2, 749; cf.:

secretiora quaedam,

magic arts, Amm. 14, 6, 14:

in secretis ejus reperti sunt duo libelli,

among his private papers, Suet. Calig. 49.—

Pregn., separate from what is common, i. e. uncommon, rare, recondite (perh. only in the two foll. passages of Quint.):

(figurae) secretae et extra vulgarem usum positae, etc.,

Quint. 9, 3, 5: interpretatio linguae secretioris, quas Graeci glôssas vocant, i. e. of the more uncommon words, id. 1, 1, 35 (for which:

glossemata id est voces minus usitatas,

id. 1, 8, 15).—

In Lucr., of any thing separated from what belongs to it, i. e. wanting, deprived of, without something; with abl. or gen.:

nec porro secreta cibo natura animantum Propagare genus possit (corresp. to sine imbribus),

Lucr. 1, 194:

(corpora) secreta teporis Sunt ac frigoris omnino calidique vaporis (corresp. to spoliata colore),

id. 2, 843. —Hence, adv., in three forms: secreto (class.), secrete (post-class.), and secretim (late Lat. and very rare).

(Acc. to A.) Apart, by itself, separately:

de quibus (hortis) suo loco dicam secretius,

Col. 11, 2, 25. —

(Acc. to B. 2.) In secret, secretly; without witnesses; in private.

sēcrē-tō:

mirum, quid solus secum secreto ille agat,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 73:

secreto illum adjutabo,

id. Truc. 2, 7, 7:

secreto hoc audi,

Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:

nescio quid secreto velle loqui te Aiebas mecum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 67:

secreto te huc seduxi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 14:

facere,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 30; 5, 2, 35; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 100; id. Att. 7, 8, 4; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4:

secreto ab aliis,

Liv. 3, 36:

secreto agere cum aliquo,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 1; Quint. 5, 13, 16; 9, 2, 79; Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 8; Curt. 7, 2, 13.—

sēcrētē, Tert. Or. 1 med.; id. Pall. 4 fin. —

Comp.:

secretius emittitur inflatio,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 4, 1. —

sēcrētim, Amm. 29, 1, 6.

sē-cerno, crēvi, crētum, 3 (old inf. secernier, Lucr. 3, 263), v. a.

Lit., to put apart, to sunder, sever, separate (freq. and class.; not in Cæs.; cf.: sepono, sejungo, secludo); constr. with simple acc., or with ab aliquā re; less freq. ex aliquā re; poet. with abl.

With simple acc.:

quae non animalia solum Corpora sejungunt, sed terras ac mare totum Secernunt,

Lucr. 2, 729:

seorsum partem utramque,

id. 3, 637:

arietes, quibus sis usurus ad feturam, bimestri tempore ante secernendum,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 13 (cf. infra, b):

stamen secernit harundo,

Ov. M. 6, 55:

sparsos sine ordine flores Secernunt calathis,

separate in baskets, id. ib. 14, 267:

nihil (praedae) in publicum secernendo augenti rem privatam militi favit,

setting apart for the public treasury, Liv. 7, 16; cf.:

Juppiter illa piae secrevit litora genti,

hath set apart for the pious race, Hor. Epod. 16, 63:

inde pares centum denos secrevit in orbes Romulus,

separated, divided, Ov. F. 3, 127.—

With ab or (less freq.) with ex, and poet. with abl.:

a terris altum secernere caelum,

Lucr. 5, 446:

ab aëre caelum,

Ov. M. 1, 23:

Europen ab Afro (medius liquor),

Hor. C. 3, 3, 47:

muro denique secernantur a nobis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32:

inermes ab armatis,

Liv. 41, 3:

militem a populo (in spectaculis),

Suet. Aug. 44:

se a bonis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32; cf.:

se ab Etruscis,

Liv. 6, 10.—In the part. perf.:

antequam incipiat admissura fieri, mares a feminis secretos habeant,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 18 (cf. supra, a); so,

saepta ab aliis,

id. ib. 2, 2, 8:

manus a nobis,

Lucr. 2, 912; 3, 552:

sphaera ab aethereā conjunctione,

Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

sucus a reliquo cibo,

id. ib. 2, 55, 137:

bilis ab eo cibo,

id. ib. al.:

secreti ab aliis ad tribunos adducuntur,

Liv. 6, 25; 25, 30:

secretis alterius ab altero criminibus,

id. 40, 8 fin.; 39, 10:

se e grege imperatorum,

id. 35, 14 fin.:

unum e praetextatis compluribus,

Suet. Aug. 94 med.:

monile ex omni gazā,

id. Galb. 18:

me gelidum nemus Nympharumque leves chori Secernunt populo,

separate, distinguish, Hor. C. 1, 1, 32.—

Trop., to separate, disjoin, part, dissociate (syn.: internosco, distinguo).

With simple acc.:

hosce ego homines excipio et secerno libenter,

set apart, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15.—

With ab, or poet. with abl.: ut venustas et pulchritudo corporis secerni non potest a valetudine;

sic, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95:

animum a corpore,

id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

tertium genus (laudationum) a praeceptis nostris,

id. de Or. 2, 84, 341; cf.:

ipsam pronuntiationem ab oratore,

Quint. 1, 11, 17: dicendi facultatem a majore vitae laude, id. 2, 15, 2:

sua a publicis consiliis,

Liv. 4, 57:

haec a probris ac sceleribus ejus,

Suet. Ner. 19 et saep.:

cur me a ceteris clarissimis viris in hoc officio secernas,

Cic. Sull. 1, 3:

publica privatis, sacra profanis,

Hor. A. P. 397.—

To distinguish, discern:

blandum amicum a vero,

Cic. Lael. 25, 95:

non satis acute, quae sunt secernenda, distinguit,

id. Top. 7, 31:

nec natura potest justo secernere iniquum, Dividit ut bona diversis, fugienda petendis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 113:

turpi honestum,

id. ib. 1, 6, 63.—

To set aside, reject:

cum reus frugalissimum quemque secerneret,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3:

minus idoneos senatores,

Suet. Vit. 2.—Hence, sēcrē-tus, a, um, P. a., severed, separated; hence, separate, apart (as an adj. not freq. till after the Aug. period; not in Cic.; syn.: sejunctus, seclusus).

In gen.:

ne ducem suum, neve secretum imperium propriave signa haberent, miscuit manipulos, etc.,

Liv. 1, 52:

electa (uva defertur) in secretam corbulam,

Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2:

arva,

Verg. A. 6, 478; Varr. L. L. 9, § 57 Müll.—

In partic.

Of places or things pertaining to them, out of the way, retired, remote, lonely, solitary, secret (syn.:

solus, remotus, arcanus): secreta petit loca, balnea vitat,

Hor. A. P. 298:

locus (opp. celeber),

Quint. 11, 1, 47:

montes,

Ov. M. 11, 765:

silva,

id. ib. 7, 75:

litora,

id. ib. 12, 196:

pars domus (the gynaeceum),

id. ib. 2, 737; cf. in sup.:

secretissimus locus (navis),

Petr. 100, 6: vastum ubique silentium, secreti colles, solitary, i. e. abandoned, deserted by the enemy, = deserti, Tac. Agr. 38:

iter (with semita),

solitary, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 103; cf.

quies,

Mart. 7, 32, 4.—Of persons and transactions, private, secret:

invadit secretissimos tumultus,

Sen. Ep. 91, 5:

vacuis porticibus secretus agitat,

Tac. A. 11, 21:

est aliquis ex secretis studiis fructus,

private studies, Quint. 2, 18, 4; so,

studia (opp. forum),

id. 12, 6, 4:

disputationes,

id. 12, 2, 7:

contentio,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 4 et saep. —Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., retirement, solitude, secrecy; a solitude, solitary place, retreat (syn.: solitudo, secessus); sing.:

cum stilus secreto gaudeat atque omnes arbitros reformidet,

Quint. 10, 7, 16:

secreti longi causā,

Ov. H. 21, 21:

altum abditumque secretum, Phn. Ep. 2, 17, 22: dulce,

id. ib. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 30; 12, 5, 2; Tac. A. 4, 57; 14, 53; id. Agr. 39 fin.; Phaedr. 3, 10, 11; 4, 23, 6; Luc. 3, 314.— Plur.:

se a vulgo et scaenā in secreta removere,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 71:

horrendaeque procul secreta Sibyllae,

Verg. A. 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 594; Tac. H. 3, 63; Quint. 1, 2, 18:

dulcis secretorum comes (eloquentia),

id. 1, 4, 5:

cameli solitudines aut secreta certe petunt,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 173.— Comp.:

haec pars Suevorum in secretiora Germaniae porrigitur,

into the more remote parts, Tac. G. 41. —

Absol.: in secreto, in a secret place, secretly:

tempus in secreto lbi tereret,

Liv. 26, 19, 5:

reus in secreto agebatur,

Curt. 10, 4, 29.—

That is removed from acquaintance (cf. abditus), hidden, concealed, secret:

secreta ducis pectora,

Mart. 5, 5, 4:

secretas advocat artes,

Ov. M. 7, 138:

ars,

Petr. 3:

litterae (with familiares),

Quint. 1, 1, 29:

carmina (the Sibylline odes),

Luc. 1, 599:

libidines,

Tac. A. 1, 4 fin.:

quaedam imperii pignora,

Flor. 1, 2, 3.—With ab:

nec quicquam secretum alter ab altero haberent,

Liv. 39, 10, 1.— Comp.:

libertus ex secretioribus ministeriis,

Tac. Agr. 40:

praemia (opp. publica largitio),

id. H. 1, 24:

aliud (nomen),

Quint. 1, 4, 25:

vitium stomachi,

Mart. 3, 77, 9.— Poet. for the adv. secreto:

tu (Anna) secreta pyram tecto interiore Erige,

in secret, secretly, Verg. A. 4, 494; cf.:

stridere secreta divisos aure susurros,

secretly in each one's ear, Hor. S. 2, 8, 78.—Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., something secret, secret conversation; a mystery, secret:

secretum petenti non nisi adhibito filio dedit,

Suet. Tib. 25 fin.; id. Calig. 23:

illuc me persecutus secretum petit,

a secret interview, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11:

petito secreto futura aperit,

Tac. H. 2, 4.— Piur.:

crebra cum amicis secreta habere,

Tac. A. 13, 18:

animi secreta proferuntur,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141:

nulla lex jubet amicorum secreta non eloqui,

Sen. Ben. 5, 21, 1:

omnium secreta rimari,

Tac. A. 6, 3:

horribile secretum,

Petr. 21, 3; Tac. H. 1, 17 fin.; id. Agr. 25; Suet. Aug. 66:

uxor omnis secreti capacissima,

Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 7; Quint. 12, 9, 5 al.—Concr.:

lucos ac nemora consecrant deorumque nominibus appellant secretum illud, quod solā reverentiā vident,

that mysterious being, Tac. G. 9 fin.—Plur.:

introitus, aperta, secreta velut in annales referebat,

Tac. A. 4, 67; cf.:

gens non astuta aperit adhuc secreta pectoris licentia joci,

id. G. 22:

oratio animi secreta detegit,

Quint. 11, 1, 30; Tac. A. 1, 6; 4, 7 fin.; 6, 3; id. G. 19; Plin. Pan. 68, 6; Suet. Tib. 52; id. Oth. 3 et saep.—Concr.:

(Minerva) hanc legem dederat, sua ne secreta viderent,

i. e. the mysteries, Ov. M. 2, 556; 2, 749; cf.:

secretiora quaedam,

magic arts, Amm. 14, 6, 14:

in secretis ejus reperti sunt duo libelli,

among his private papers, Suet. Calig. 49.—

Pregn., separate from what is common, i. e. uncommon, rare, recondite (perh. only in the two foll. passages of Quint.):

(figurae) secretae et extra vulgarem usum positae, etc.,

Quint. 9, 3, 5: interpretatio linguae secretioris, quas Graeci glôssas vocant, i. e. of the more uncommon words, id. 1, 1, 35 (for which:

glossemata id est voces minus usitatas,

id. 1, 8, 15).—

In Lucr., of any thing separated from what belongs to it, i. e. wanting, deprived of, without something; with abl. or gen.:

nec porro secreta cibo natura animantum Propagare genus possit (corresp. to sine imbribus),

Lucr. 1, 194:

(corpora) secreta teporis Sunt ac frigoris omnino calidique vaporis (corresp. to spoliata colore),

id. 2, 843. —Hence, adv., in three forms: secreto (class.), secrete (post-class.), and secretim (late Lat. and very rare).

(Acc. to A.) Apart, by itself, separately:

de quibus (hortis) suo loco dicam secretius,

Col. 11, 2, 25. —

(Acc. to B. 2.) In secret, secretly; without witnesses; in private.

sēcrē-tō:

mirum, quid solus secum secreto ille agat,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 73:

secreto illum adjutabo,

id. Truc. 2, 7, 7:

secreto hoc audi,

Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:

nescio quid secreto velle loqui te Aiebas mecum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 67:

secreto te huc seduxi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 14:

facere,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 30; 5, 2, 35; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 100; id. Att. 7, 8, 4; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4:

secreto ab aliis,

Liv. 3, 36:

secreto agere cum aliquo,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 1; Quint. 5, 13, 16; 9, 2, 79; Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 8; Curt. 7, 2, 13.—

sēcrētē, Tert. Or. 1 med.; id. Pall. 4 fin. —

Comp.:

secretius emittitur inflatio,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 4, 1. —

sēcrētim, Amm. 29, 1, 6.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `drive (on) (tr. a. intr.), move, put (a ship) to shore, land',

Other forms: (gramm.), aor. κέλσαι (Od.; on the phonetics Schwyzer 285), fut. κέλσω (A., E.), κελῶ (H.)

Compounds: also with prefix, esp. ὀ-κέλλω, aor. ὀκεῖλαι (IA.), rarely ἐπι-, ἐγ-, εἰσ-, συγ-κέλσαι (ep., also Hp., Ar.), ἐπ-έκειλα Act. Ap. 27, 41.

Derivatives: Beside it κέλομαι (Il., Dor.), aor. ( ἐ)κέκλετο (Il.) with new present κέκλομαι (A. R.), ( ἐ)κελήσατο (Pi., Epich., Epid.), fut. κελήσομαι (κ 296), rarely with ἐπι-, παρα-, `drive on, exhort, call'. Further athematic κέντο (Alcm. 141) \< *κέλτο (on the phonetics Schwyzer 213, on the formation ibd. 678f.). - Derivv. κέλης, κελεύω, κλόνος, s. vv.

Origin: ( ὀ)κέλλω PGX. κέλομαι IEX [548] * kel- `drive on'

Etymology: κέλλω (yot-present) and κέλομαι, which are semantically close, exist unmixed side by side. That they are cognate is mostly not doubted, though for κέλομαι the meaning `call to' reminds of καλεῖν (thus Fraenkel Mélanges Boisacq 1, 367f., Specht KZ 59, 86ff.); but this meaning could have developed from `drive on, invite, summon. request' secondarily. - The other languages have no forms that agree closely with the Greek ones. Semantically closest is the secondary present Skt. kalayati ( kāl-) `drives'. Note also the root aorist Toch. A śäl, B śala `he brought', pl. kalar, śälāre (Pedersen Tocharisch 183ff.), with a nā- present källāṣ, källāṣṣäṃ; neither meaning nor form however is clear. The same holds for Alb. qil `bring, carry' and for Germ., e. g. Goth haldan `βόσκειν, ποιμαίνειν', NHG halten. A nominal formation one might compare is Lat. celer `quick'; (quite uncertain however is Lat. celeber `populous, abounding in'. - Inspite of the differences in meaning one usually assumes that they have the same root (DELG). Connections with other languages are few and rather doubtful. Further there is the problem of ὀ-, which is assumed in ὄζος etc. The meaning of ( ὀ)κέλλω `run a ship aground', the usual way of landing (except in a harbour) is so concrete that I would assume a separate verb, but I see no further indications that the verb is Pre-Greek; perh. the ὀ- is Pre-Greek.

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