captain

hastātus, a, um, adj. [hasta, I. A.], armed with a spear.

In gen. (very rare):

Bellona,

Stat. Th. 2, 718:

prima utcumque acies hastata: ceteris praeusta aut brevia tela,

Tac. A. 2, 14:

currum decem milia hastatorum sequebantur,

Curt. 3, 3, 10; 4, 15, 7.—

In partic., milit. t. t.: hastāti, ōrum, m., the first line of a Roman army drawn up in order of battle (behind them were the Principes and Triarii):

hastati dicti qui primi hastis pugnabant,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 Müll.: hastati spargunt hastas, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 287 Vahl.); so Liv. 8, 8, 6; 22, 5; Veg. Mil. 1, 20 al.; cf.

Dict. of Antiq.—The hastati were divided into ten ordines (companies),

Ov. F. 3, 128.—Hence,

Transf.: primus, secundus, etc., ordo hastatus, and more freq. absol.: primus, secundus, etc., hastatus, the first, second, etc., company of hastati: in eo exercitu miles gregarius fui: tertio anno virtutis causa, mihi T. Quintius decimum ordinem hastatum assignavit, i. e. made me captain of the tenth (last) company, Liv. 42, 34, 5:

cum signifer primi hastati signum non posset movere loco,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77; cf. id. ib. 2, 31, 67:

signifer secundi hastati,

Liv. 26, 5 fin. —Hence, transf.,

(Ellipt. for centurio ordinis hastati primus, secundus, etc., hastatus.) The captain of the first, second, etc., company, Veg. Mil. 2, 8: Q. Fulginius ex primo hastato, late first centurio (i. e. who had been discharged as first centurio, and then served as evocatus), Caes. B. C. 1, 46, 4.—

Kat exochên, hastatus, i, m., the captain of the first company, Flor. 1, 18; Inscr. Orell. 3455.

hastātus, a, um, adj. [hasta, I. A.], armed with a spear.

In gen. (very rare):

Bellona,

Stat. Th. 2, 718:

prima utcumque acies hastata: ceteris praeusta aut brevia tela,

Tac. A. 2, 14:

currum decem milia hastatorum sequebantur,

Curt. 3, 3, 10; 4, 15, 7.—

In partic., milit. t. t.: hastāti, ōrum, m., the first line of a Roman army drawn up in order of battle (behind them were the Principes and Triarii):

hastati dicti qui primi hastis pugnabant,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 Müll.: hastati spargunt hastas, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 287 Vahl.); so Liv. 8, 8, 6; 22, 5; Veg. Mil. 1, 20 al.; cf.

Dict. of Antiq.—The hastati were divided into ten ordines (companies),

Ov. F. 3, 128.—Hence,

Transf.: primus, secundus, etc., ordo hastatus, and more freq. absol.: primus, secundus, etc., hastatus, the first, second, etc., company of hastati: in eo exercitu miles gregarius fui: tertio anno virtutis causa, mihi T. Quintius decimum ordinem hastatum assignavit, i. e. made me captain of the tenth (last) company, Liv. 42, 34, 5:

cum signifer primi hastati signum non posset movere loco,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77; cf. id. ib. 2, 31, 67:

signifer secundi hastati,

Liv. 26, 5 fin. —Hence, transf.,

(Ellipt. for centurio ordinis hastati primus, secundus, etc., hastatus.) The captain of the first, second, etc., company, Veg. Mil. 2, 8: Q. Fulginius ex primo hastato, late first centurio (i. e. who had been discharged as first centurio, and then served as evocatus), Caes. B. C. 1, 46, 4.—

Kat exochên, hastatus, i, m., the captain of the first company, Flor. 1, 18; Inscr. Orell. 3455.

* * *

* * *

* * *

prae-fĭcĭo, fēci, fectum, 3, v. a. [facio], to set over any thing (as officer, superintendent, leader, etc.), to place in authority over, place at the head, appoint to the command of.

Lit. (freq. and class.; cf.:

praepono, praefero): te cum securi caudicali praeficio provinciae,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 25:

praefeci rure recte qui curet tamen,

id. Cas. 1, 1, 17:

aliquem pecori,

Cic. Planc. 25, 62:

certum magistratum alicui procurationi,

id. Leg. 2, 26, 66:

imperatorem bello,

id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49:

tantis rebus,

id. ib. 10, 27:

legatos legionibus,

Caes. B. G. 5, 24:

pontifices sacris,

Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26:

aliquem sacerdotio Neptuni,

Plin. 9, 8, 8, § 27:

libertos rationibus, libellis et epistulis,

Tac. A. 6, 8:

aliquem provinciae,

id. ib. 13, 46;

2, 4: aliquem classi,

Nep. Milt. 4, 1; Liv. 35, 42 et saep.:

lucis Avernis,

Verg. A. 6, 118:

Juno sacris praefecta maritis,

Ov. H. 12, 87:

in eo exercitu inimici mei fratrem praefecerat,

had given him a command, Cic. Sest. 18, 41. —

Trop., to set over, etc. (rare): nec locus nec materia invenitur, cui divinationem praeficere possimus, Cic. Div. 2, 4, 12. —Hence, as subst.: praefectus, i, m., an overseer, director, president, chief, commander, prefect.

In gen.:

gumnasi praefecto poenas pendere,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 22:

villae,

Varr. R. R. 1, 17 fin.:

tu (censor) es praefectus moribus,

Cic. Clu. 46, 129; cf.:

praefectus morum,

Nep. Hamilc. 3, 2:

nec vero mulieribus praefectus praeponatur,

Cic. Rep. 4, 6, 16 (Non. 499, 13); cf. Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 30:

cum praefectus custodum quaesisset, etc.,

Nep. Eum. 11, 1:

his utitur quasi praefectis libidinum suarum,

Cic. Red. in Sen. 6, 15.—

In partic., as a title of particular civil or military officers, a president, superintendent, commander, governor, etc.:

praefectus aerarii or aerario,

a treasurer, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 2; id. Pan. 92; Gell. 13, 24, 30; Capitol. Gord. 4: annonae, a superintendent of grain or of the markets, Tac. A. 11, 31; Inscr. Orell. 1084; 1186; 1091;

3169: castrorum or castris,

an officer who attended to the pitching of the camp and all matters connected therewith, a quartermaster, Vell. 2, 112, 6; 119, 4; 120, 4; Tac. A. 14, 37; 1, 20; cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 10:

classis,

an admiral, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89; Liv. 26, 48; 36, 20; 42; Flor. 3, 7; afterwards also for a captain of a ship, Tac. H. 3, 12; Veg. Mil. 4, 32; Inscr. Orell. 3596;

who was formerly called praefectus navis: dextrum cornu praefectos navium ad terram explicare jubet,

Liv. 36, 44; Flor. 2, 5: fabrūm, in the army, a superintendent of the military engines, chief engineer, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, C, 2; id. B. C. 1, 24, 4; Nep. Att. 12, 4; Vell. 2, 76, 1; Plin. 36, 6, 7, § 48; Inscr. Orell. 4906;

in the free towns and colonies,

a superintendent of public works, ib. 516: equitum, a commander of the cavalry, as we say, a colonel or general of cavalry, Hirt. B. G. 8, 12; Vell. 2, 24, 1;

called also simply praefectus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 3, 7; Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 7; cf.

cohortium,

Sall. J. 46, 7: legionis, in the time of the emperors, the same that was previously called legatus legionis, a commander of the legion, i. q. our colonel, Tac. H. 1, 82; Suet. Claud. 12; id. Galb. 11; 14; id. Calig. 56; id. Ner. 21; Inscr. Grut. 465, 2; cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 9:

praefectus regis or regius,

a commander-in-chief, generalissimo, Liv. 36, 11; Sall. J. 46, 5; Nep. Alcib. 5, 2; id. Ages. 2, 3; cf. Flor. 3, 5; 11:

praefectus praetorio and praetorii, in the time of the emperors,

a commander of the imperial body - guard, pretorian prefect, Tac. A. 1, 24; id. H. 1, 13; 19; Dig. 1, 11 et saep.; in later times, a governor of a province of the Roman empire: praefectus urbi or urbis, governor of the city of Rome, in the times of the republic, appointed only to represent the consul during the latter's absence; under the emperors, a perpetual office with a particular jurisdiction, Varr. ap. Gell. 14, 7; Tac. A. 6, 10; 11; Plin. 11, 38, 90, § 223; Suet. Aug. 33; Inscr. Orell. 3153 sq.:

vigilum or vigilibus,

a captain of the watch, Dig. 1, 15, 3; 47, 2, 58; Inscr. Orell. 801; 1088; 1929:

Aegypti,

the governor of the province of Egypt, Suet. Aug. 18; 66; id. Vesp. 6; Dig. 1, 17; Inscr. Orell. 709; 3651; so,

Lydiae, Ioniae, totiusque Phrygiae,

Nep. Dat. 2, 5:

Alpium,

Plin. 10, 48, 68, § 134; Inscr. Grut. 287, 7.

princeps, cĭpis, adj. and subst. comm. [primus-capio], first in time or order (syn. primus).— Lit., in gen.:

ut quisque in fugā postremus, ita periculo princeps erat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 90:

princeps in proelium ibat, ultimus conserto proelio excedebat,

Liv. 21, 4:

princeps Horatius ibat,

first, in front, in advance, id. 1, 26 Weissenb. ad [p. 1445] loc.:

princeps fuit ad conatum exercitus comparandi,

Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 24:

Firmani principes pecuniae pollicendae fuerunt,

were the first to promise, id. ib. 7, 8, 23:

princeps in agendo,

id. Div. in Caecil. 15, 47; Caes. B. G. 7, 2:

omnium nationum exterarum princeps Sicilia se ad amicitiam populi Romani applicuit,

was the first that entered into friendship with the Roman people, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 2:

princeps et solus bellum his indixit,

Nep. Thras. 1, 5:

princeps in haec verba jurat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 76:

ut principes talem nuntium attulisse viderentur,

to be the first, id. ib. 1, 53:

qui Formiarum moenia dicitur Princeps tenuisse,

Hor. C. 3, 17, 7:

matri Qui dederit princeps oscula,

Ov. F. 2, 714:

princeps turmas inducit Asilas,

Verg. A. 11, 620:

princeps ante omnes,

first of all, id. ib. 5, 833.—Of things:

quoniam exordium princeps omnium esse debet,

Cic. Inv. 1, 7, 19:

qualitatum aliae sunt principes, aliae ex lis ortae,

original, id. Ac. 1, 7, 26:

mensis Romani anni,

Col. 11, 2, 3:

addere principi Limo particulam,

Hor. C. 1, 16, 13:

dies imperii princeps, vitae supremus,

Tac. A. 1, 9.—

The first, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble (syn. primores):

longe omnium gravitate princeps Plato,

Cic. Or. 19, 62:

Eudoxus in astrologiā facile princeps,

id. Div. 2, 42, 87:

quaedam principes feminae,

certain noble ladies, Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 119:

principe loco genitus,

id. 37, 2, 11, § 40.—Prov.:

principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35. —Rarely of things:

gemma princeps Sardonychus,

Juv. 13, 138.—

As subst.: princeps, cĭpis, m., the first man, first person:

princeps senatŭs,

the first senator on the censor's list, the first member of the Senate, Liv. 34, 44.—

Esp., the first, chief, principal, most distinguished person:

quales in re publicā principes essent, talis reliquos solere esse civis,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 12:

juventutis,

one of the noblest of the Roman knights, id. Vatin. 10, 24: trecenti conjuravimus principes juventutis Romanae, i. e. high-born or patrician youths, Liv. 2, 12, 15 (= proceres juventutis, id. 10, 28, 7); 42, 61, 5.—In the time of the emperors this was also a title of honor given to the prince, the heir to the empire, Tac. A. 1, 3:

sacerdotum,

the high-priest, Vulg. Act. 4, 6. —

A chief, head, author, originator, leader, contriver, etc.:

princeps atque architectus sceleris,

Cic. Clu. 22, 60:

Zeno eorum (Stoicorum) princeps non tam rerum inventor fuit, quam verborum novorum,

id. Fin. 3, 2, 5:

princeps Argonautarum,

i. e. Jason, id. Tusc. 4, 32, 69:

principes consilii publici, i. e. senatus,

id. Sest. 45, 97:

conjurationis,

id. Cat. 1, 11, 27:

eorum omnium hic dux est atque princeps,

id. Har. Resp. 26, 57:

regendae civitatis dux et sententiae princeps in senatu,

id. de Or. 3, 17, 63:

(pueri) aequalium principes,

first among their playfellows, id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:

gregis,

i. e. of players, Suet. Calig. 58:

principes sententiarum consulares,

who were first asked for their opinion, Liv. 8, 21:

hujus consilii principes,

Caes. B. G. 2, 14:

belli inferendi,

first in commencing hostilities, id. ib. 5, 52:

jam princeps equitum,

at the head of, Juv. 4, 32.—Of ancestors:

hinc Dardanus ortus Iasiusque pater, genus a quo principe nostrum,

Verg. A. 3, 168 (cf., in this sense, principium, Sil. 15, 748; v. principium, II. B. 2.).—

A chief, superior, director (ante- and post-class.):

principes, qui utrique rei praeponuntur,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 32.—

A prince, i. e. a ruler, sovereign, emperor ( poet. and post-Aug.):

hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 50; Ov. P. 1, 2, 123; Tac. A. 1, 1:

quae non faciet quod principis uxor,

Juv. 6, 617; 8, 224.—

In milit. lang.: princĭpes, um, m., the second line of soldiers, between the hastati and triarii, Liv. 8, 8; 22, 5; 30, 8; 37, 39; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 89; Veg. Mil. 1, 20; 2, 15; cf. Ov. F. 3, 129; and Becker, Antiq. 3, 2, p. 249 sq.; p. 269 sq.—Princeps also signifies,

A company or division of the principes: signum primi principis, of the first company of the principes, Liv. 26, 6, 1:

octavum principem duxit,

was centurion of the eighth maniple, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 8, 2.—

A centurion or captain of the principes: princeps prior, the first captain of the principes, Caes. B. C. 3, 64 fin.:

princeps tertiae legionis,

Liv. 25, 14; cf. id. 42, 34.—

The office of centurion of the principes, the centurionship or captaincy of the principes: mihi primus princeps prioris centuriae est adsignatus, the first captaincy of the principes, Liv. 42, 34, 8.— Comp.:

omnium priorum principum principiorem, si dici fas est,

Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 1.

Princeps, cĭpis, m., a celebrated flute-player, Phaedr. 5, 7, 4.

princeps, cĭpis, adj. and subst. comm. [primus-capio], first in time or order (syn. primus).— Lit., in gen.:

ut quisque in fugā postremus, ita periculo princeps erat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 90:

princeps in proelium ibat, ultimus conserto proelio excedebat,

Liv. 21, 4:

princeps Horatius ibat,

first, in front, in advance, id. 1, 26 Weissenb. ad [p. 1445] loc.:

princeps fuit ad conatum exercitus comparandi,

Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 24:

Firmani principes pecuniae pollicendae fuerunt,

were the first to promise, id. ib. 7, 8, 23:

princeps in agendo,

id. Div. in Caecil. 15, 47; Caes. B. G. 7, 2:

omnium nationum exterarum princeps Sicilia se ad amicitiam populi Romani applicuit,

was the first that entered into friendship with the Roman people, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 2:

princeps et solus bellum his indixit,

Nep. Thras. 1, 5:

princeps in haec verba jurat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 76:

ut principes talem nuntium attulisse viderentur,

to be the first, id. ib. 1, 53:

qui Formiarum moenia dicitur Princeps tenuisse,

Hor. C. 3, 17, 7:

matri Qui dederit princeps oscula,

Ov. F. 2, 714:

princeps turmas inducit Asilas,

Verg. A. 11, 620:

princeps ante omnes,

first of all, id. ib. 5, 833.—Of things:

quoniam exordium princeps omnium esse debet,

Cic. Inv. 1, 7, 19:

qualitatum aliae sunt principes, aliae ex lis ortae,

original, id. Ac. 1, 7, 26:

mensis Romani anni,

Col. 11, 2, 3:

addere principi Limo particulam,

Hor. C. 1, 16, 13:

dies imperii princeps, vitae supremus,

Tac. A. 1, 9.—

The first, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble (syn. primores):

longe omnium gravitate princeps Plato,

Cic. Or. 19, 62:

Eudoxus in astrologiā facile princeps,

id. Div. 2, 42, 87:

quaedam principes feminae,

certain noble ladies, Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 119:

principe loco genitus,

id. 37, 2, 11, § 40.—Prov.:

principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35. —Rarely of things:

gemma princeps Sardonychus,

Juv. 13, 138.—

As subst.: princeps, cĭpis, m., the first man, first person:

princeps senatŭs,

the first senator on the censor's list, the first member of the Senate, Liv. 34, 44.—

Esp., the first, chief, principal, most distinguished person:

quales in re publicā principes essent, talis reliquos solere esse civis,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 12:

juventutis,

one of the noblest of the Roman knights, id. Vatin. 10, 24: trecenti conjuravimus principes juventutis Romanae, i. e. high-born or patrician youths, Liv. 2, 12, 15 (= proceres juventutis, id. 10, 28, 7); 42, 61, 5.—In the time of the emperors this was also a title of honor given to the prince, the heir to the empire, Tac. A. 1, 3:

sacerdotum,

the high-priest, Vulg. Act. 4, 6. —

A chief, head, author, originator, leader, contriver, etc.:

princeps atque architectus sceleris,

Cic. Clu. 22, 60:

Zeno eorum (Stoicorum) princeps non tam rerum inventor fuit, quam verborum novorum,

id. Fin. 3, 2, 5:

princeps Argonautarum,

i. e. Jason, id. Tusc. 4, 32, 69:

principes consilii publici, i. e. senatus,

id. Sest. 45, 97:

conjurationis,

id. Cat. 1, 11, 27:

eorum omnium hic dux est atque princeps,

id. Har. Resp. 26, 57:

regendae civitatis dux et sententiae princeps in senatu,

id. de Or. 3, 17, 63:

(pueri) aequalium principes,

first among their playfellows, id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:

gregis,

i. e. of players, Suet. Calig. 58:

principes sententiarum consulares,

who were first asked for their opinion, Liv. 8, 21:

hujus consilii principes,

Caes. B. G. 2, 14:

belli inferendi,

first in commencing hostilities, id. ib. 5, 52:

jam princeps equitum,

at the head of, Juv. 4, 32.—Of ancestors:

hinc Dardanus ortus Iasiusque pater, genus a quo principe nostrum,

Verg. A. 3, 168 (cf., in this sense, principium, Sil. 15, 748; v. principium, II. B. 2.).—

A chief, superior, director (ante- and post-class.):

principes, qui utrique rei praeponuntur,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 32.—

A prince, i. e. a ruler, sovereign, emperor ( poet. and post-Aug.):

hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 50; Ov. P. 1, 2, 123; Tac. A. 1, 1:

quae non faciet quod principis uxor,

Juv. 6, 617; 8, 224.—

In milit. lang.: princĭpes, um, m., the second line of soldiers, between the hastati and triarii, Liv. 8, 8; 22, 5; 30, 8; 37, 39; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 89; Veg. Mil. 1, 20; 2, 15; cf. Ov. F. 3, 129; and Becker, Antiq. 3, 2, p. 249 sq.; p. 269 sq.—Princeps also signifies,

A company or division of the principes: signum primi principis, of the first company of the principes, Liv. 26, 6, 1:

octavum principem duxit,

was centurion of the eighth maniple, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 8, 2.—

A centurion or captain of the principes: princeps prior, the first captain of the principes, Caes. B. C. 3, 64 fin.:

princeps tertiae legionis,

Liv. 25, 14; cf. id. 42, 34.—

The office of centurion of the principes, the centurionship or captaincy of the principes: mihi primus princeps prioris centuriae est adsignatus, the first captaincy of the principes, Liv. 42, 34, 8.— Comp.:

omnium priorum principum principiorem, si dici fas est,

Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 1.

Princeps, cĭpis, m., a celebrated flute-player, Phaedr. 5, 7, 4.

princeps, cĭpis, adj. and subst. comm. [primus-capio], first in time or order (syn. primus).— Lit., in gen.:

ut quisque in fugā postremus, ita periculo princeps erat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 90:

princeps in proelium ibat, ultimus conserto proelio excedebat,

Liv. 21, 4:

princeps Horatius ibat,

first, in front, in advance, id. 1, 26 Weissenb. ad [p. 1445] loc.:

princeps fuit ad conatum exercitus comparandi,

Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 24:

Firmani principes pecuniae pollicendae fuerunt,

were the first to promise, id. ib. 7, 8, 23:

princeps in agendo,

id. Div. in Caecil. 15, 47; Caes. B. G. 7, 2:

omnium nationum exterarum princeps Sicilia se ad amicitiam populi Romani applicuit,

was the first that entered into friendship with the Roman people, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 2:

princeps et solus bellum his indixit,

Nep. Thras. 1, 5:

princeps in haec verba jurat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 76:

ut principes talem nuntium attulisse viderentur,

to be the first, id. ib. 1, 53:

qui Formiarum moenia dicitur Princeps tenuisse,

Hor. C. 3, 17, 7:

matri Qui dederit princeps oscula,

Ov. F. 2, 714:

princeps turmas inducit Asilas,

Verg. A. 11, 620:

princeps ante omnes,

first of all, id. ib. 5, 833.—Of things:

quoniam exordium princeps omnium esse debet,

Cic. Inv. 1, 7, 19:

qualitatum aliae sunt principes, aliae ex lis ortae,

original, id. Ac. 1, 7, 26:

mensis Romani anni,

Col. 11, 2, 3:

addere principi Limo particulam,

Hor. C. 1, 16, 13:

dies imperii princeps, vitae supremus,

Tac. A. 1, 9.—

The first, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble (syn. primores):

longe omnium gravitate princeps Plato,

Cic. Or. 19, 62:

Eudoxus in astrologiā facile princeps,

id. Div. 2, 42, 87:

quaedam principes feminae,

certain noble ladies, Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 119:

principe loco genitus,

id. 37, 2, 11, § 40.—Prov.:

principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35. —Rarely of things:

gemma princeps Sardonychus,

Juv. 13, 138.—

As subst.: princeps, cĭpis, m., the first man, first person:

princeps senatŭs,

the first senator on the censor's list, the first member of the Senate, Liv. 34, 44.—

Esp., the first, chief, principal, most distinguished person:

quales in re publicā principes essent, talis reliquos solere esse civis,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 12:

juventutis,

one of the noblest of the Roman knights, id. Vatin. 10, 24: trecenti conjuravimus principes juventutis Romanae, i. e. high-born or patrician youths, Liv. 2, 12, 15 (= proceres juventutis, id. 10, 28, 7); 42, 61, 5.—In the time of the emperors this was also a title of honor given to the prince, the heir to the empire, Tac. A. 1, 3:

sacerdotum,

the high-priest, Vulg. Act. 4, 6. —

A chief, head, author, originator, leader, contriver, etc.:

princeps atque architectus sceleris,

Cic. Clu. 22, 60:

Zeno eorum (Stoicorum) princeps non tam rerum inventor fuit, quam verborum novorum,

id. Fin. 3, 2, 5:

princeps Argonautarum,

i. e. Jason, id. Tusc. 4, 32, 69:

principes consilii publici, i. e. senatus,

id. Sest. 45, 97:

conjurationis,

id. Cat. 1, 11, 27:

eorum omnium hic dux est atque princeps,

id. Har. Resp. 26, 57:

regendae civitatis dux et sententiae princeps in senatu,

id. de Or. 3, 17, 63:

(pueri) aequalium principes,

first among their playfellows, id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:

gregis,

i. e. of players, Suet. Calig. 58:

principes sententiarum consulares,

who were first asked for their opinion, Liv. 8, 21:

hujus consilii principes,

Caes. B. G. 2, 14:

belli inferendi,

first in commencing hostilities, id. ib. 5, 52:

jam princeps equitum,

at the head of, Juv. 4, 32.—Of ancestors:

hinc Dardanus ortus Iasiusque pater, genus a quo principe nostrum,

Verg. A. 3, 168 (cf., in this sense, principium, Sil. 15, 748; v. principium, II. B. 2.).—

A chief, superior, director (ante- and post-class.):

principes, qui utrique rei praeponuntur,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 32.—

A prince, i. e. a ruler, sovereign, emperor ( poet. and post-Aug.):

hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 50; Ov. P. 1, 2, 123; Tac. A. 1, 1:

quae non faciet quod principis uxor,

Juv. 6, 617; 8, 224.—

In milit. lang.: princĭpes, um, m., the second line of soldiers, between the hastati and triarii, Liv. 8, 8; 22, 5; 30, 8; 37, 39; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 89; Veg. Mil. 1, 20; 2, 15; cf. Ov. F. 3, 129; and Becker, Antiq. 3, 2, p. 249 sq.; p. 269 sq.—Princeps also signifies,

A company or division of the principes: signum primi principis, of the first company of the principes, Liv. 26, 6, 1:

octavum principem duxit,

was centurion of the eighth maniple, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 8, 2.—

A centurion or captain of the principes: princeps prior, the first captain of the principes, Caes. B. C. 3, 64 fin.:

princeps tertiae legionis,

Liv. 25, 14; cf. id. 42, 34.—

The office of centurion of the principes, the centurionship or captaincy of the principes: mihi primus princeps prioris centuriae est adsignatus, the first captaincy of the principes, Liv. 42, 34, 8.— Comp.:

omnium priorum principum principiorem, si dici fas est,

Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 1.

Princeps, cĭpis, m., a celebrated flute-player, Phaedr. 5, 7, 4.

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