-
61 perch
[pə: ] 1. noun1) (a branch etc on which a bird sits or stands: The pigeon would not fly down from its perch.) perchoir2) (any high seat or position: He looked down from his perch on the roof.) perchoir2. verb1) ((of birds) to go to (a perch); to sit or stand on (a perch): The bird flew up and perched on the highest branch of the tree.) se percher2) (to put, or be, in a high seat or position: He perched the child on his shoulder; They perched on the fence.) (se) percher -
62 podium
['pəudiəm](a platform on which a lecturer, musical conductor etc stands.) podium -
63 pulpit
['pulpit](a raised box or platform in a church, where the priest or minister stands, especially to preach the sermon.) chair -
64 quicksands
noun plural ((an area of) loose, wet sand that sucks in anyone or anything that stands on it.) sables mouvants -
65 rostrum
['rostrəm](a platform on which a public speaker stands.) tribune -
66 situation
[sitju'eiʃən]1) (circumstances; a state of affairs: an awkward situation.) situation2) (the place where anything stands or lies: The house has a beautiful situation beside a lake.) emplacement3) (a job: the situations-vacant columns of the newspaper.) emploi•- situated -
67 slope
[sləup] 1. noun1) (a position or direction that is neither level nor upright; an upward or downward slant: The floor is on a slight slope.) pente2) (a surface with one end higher than the other: The house stands on a gentle slope.) inclinaison2. verb(to be in a position which is neither level nor upright: The field slopes towards the road.) pencher- sloping -
68 sole
I [səul] noun1) (the underside of the foot, the part on which one stands and walks.) plante (du pied)2) (the flat surface of a boot or shoe that covers this part of the foot.) semelleII [səul] plurals - sole, soles; noun1) (a type of small, flat fish: They were fishing for sole; three soles.) sole2) (its flesh as food: We had sole for supper.) soleIII [səul] adjective1) (only; single: my sole purpose/reason.) seul, unique2) (not shared; belonging to one person or group only: the sole rights to a book.) exclusif•- solely -
69 stand
[stænd] 1. past tense, past participle - stood; verb1) (to be in an upright position, not sitting or lying: His leg was so painful that he could hardly stand; After the storm, few trees were left standing.) être debout2) ((often with up) to rise to the feet: He pushed back his chair and stood up; Some people like to stand (up) when the National Anthem is played.) se mettre debout3) (to remain motionless: The train stood for an hour outside Newcastle.) rester4) (to remain unchanged: This law still stands.) maintenir5) (to be in or have a particular place: There is now a factory where our house once stood.) s'élever6) (to be in a particular state, condition or situation: As matters stand, we can do nothing to help; How do you stand financially?) dans l'état oû, dans ces conditions7) (to accept or offer oneself for a particular position etc: He is standing as Parliamentary candidate for our district.) être candidat (à)8) (to put in a particular position, especially upright: He picked up the fallen chair and stood it beside the table.) poser (droit/debout)9) (to undergo or endure: He will stand (his) trial for murder; I can't stand her rudeness any longer.) supporter10) (to pay for (a meal etc) for (a person): Let me stand you a drink!) offrir2. noun1) (a position or place in which to stand ready to fight etc, or an act of fighting etc: The guard took up his stand at the gate; I shall make a stand for what I believe is right.) poste2) (an object, especially a piece of furniture, for holding or supporting something: a coat-stand; The sculpture had been removed from its stand for cleaning.) support3) (a stall where goods are displayed for sale or advertisement.) étalage4) (a large structure beside a football pitch, race course etc with rows of seats for spectators: The stand was crowded.) tribune5) ((American) a witness box in a law court.) barre•- standing 3. noun1) (time of lasting: an agreement of long standing.) durée2) (rank or reputation: a diplomat of high standing.) importance•- stand-by4. adjective((of an airline passenger or ticket) costing or paying less than the usual fare, as the passenger does not book a seat for a particular flight, but waits for the first available seat.) sans garantie5. adverb(travelling in this way: It costs a lot less to travel stand-by.) sans garantie- stand-in- standing-room - make someone's hair stand on end - stand aside - stand back - stand by - stand down - stand fast/firm - stand for - stand in - stand on one's own two feet - stand on one's own feet - stand out - stand over - stand up for - stand up to -
70 statue
['stætju:](a sculptured figure of a person, animal etc in bronze, stone, wood etc: A statue of Nelson stands at the top of Nelson's Column; The children stood as still as statues.) statue -
71 tab
[tæb]1) (a small flat piece of some material attached to, or part of, something larger, which stands up so that it can be seen, held, pulled etc: You open the packet by pulling the tab.) patte, languette2) (a strip of material attached to a piece of clothing by which it can be hung up: Hang your jacket up by the tab.) attache3) (a piece of material with a person's name or some other mark on it, attached to a piece of clothing so that its owner can be identified.) étiquette, marque -
72 wicket-keeper
noun ((in cricket) the fielder who stands immediately behind the wicket.) -
73 apart
❢ Apart is used after certain verbs in English ( keep apart, tell apart etc). For translations consult the appropriate verb entry (keep, tell etc).1 ( at a distance in time or space) the trees were planted 10 metres apart les arbres étaient plantés à 10 mètres d'intervalle ; the babies were born 2 weeks apart les bébés sont nés à 2 semaines d'intervalle ; the houses were far apart les maisons étaient éloignées les unes des autres ; the two farms were far apart les deux fermes étaient éloignées l'une de l'autre ; countries as far apart as China and Spain des pays aussi éloignés l'un de l'autre que la Chine et l'Espagne ; he stood apart (from the group) il se tenait à l'écart (du groupe) ; the posts need to be placed further apart les poteaux doivent être davantage écartés ;2 ( separate from each other) séparé ; we hate being apart ( of couple) nous détestons être séparés ; they need to be kept apart il faut les garder séparés ;3 ( leaving aside) à part ; dogs apart, I don't like animals à part les chiens, je n'aime pas les animaux ; finances apart, we're quite happy à part les problèmes d'argent, nous sommes heureux ;4 ( different) a race/a world apart une race/un monde à part ; we are very far apart on the subject of immigration nous ne sommes pas du tout d'accord sur la question de l'immigration ;5 ( in pieces) he had the TV apart on the floor il avait démonté la télé et elle était en pièces détachées sur le sol.1 ( separate from) à l'écart de ; it stands apart from the other houses elle est à l'écart des autres maisons ; he lives apart from his wife il vit séparé de sa femme ;2 ( leaving aside) en dehors de, à part ; apart from Karen/the garden en dehors de or à part Karen/le jardin ; apart from working in an office, he… en plus de travailler dans un bureau, il… ; apart from being illegal, it's also dangerous (mis) à part que c'est illégal, c'est aussi dangereux ; apart from anything else, I don't even like swimming pour commencer, je n'aime pas la natation. -
74 between
❢ When between is used as a preposition expressing physical location ( between the lines), time ( between 8 am and 11 am), position in a range ( between 30 and 40 kilometres), relationship ( link between, difference between) it is translated by entre. For particular usages, see the entry below.A prep1 ( in space) entre ; there is a wall between the two gardens il y a un mur entre les deux jardins ; there are no stops between this station and Paris il n'y a pas d'arrêt entre cette gare et Paris, cette gare est le dernier arrêt avant Paris ;2 ( in time) entre ; between meals entre les repas ; between the ages of 12 and 18 entre l'âge de 12 et 18 ans ; between now and next year d'ici l'année prochaine ;3 ( on a scale or range) entre ; it costs between £10 and £20 cela coûte entre dix et vingt livres sterling ; it's between 50 and 60 kilometres away c'est à environ 50 ou 60 kilomètres d'ici ;4 ( to and from) entre ; flights between London and Amsterdam les vols entre Londres et Amsterdam ; the train that goes between London and Brighton le train qui va de Londres à Brighton or qui assure la liaison Londres-Brighton ;5 ( indicating connection or relationship) entre ; the link between smoking and cancer le lien entre le tabagisme et le cancer ; what's the difference between the two? quelle est la différence entre les deux? ; you must settle it between yourselves il faut que vous le régliez entre vous ; nothing now stands between us and success rien ne peut plus faire obstacle à notre réussite maintenant ; we mustn't allow this to come between us il ne faut pas que cela crée des problèmes entre nous ; it's something between a novel and an autobiography cela tient à la fois du roman et de l'autobiographie ;6 (indicating sharing, division) entre ; the estate was divided between them les biens ont été divisés entre eux ; they drank the whole bottle between (the two of) them à eux deux, ils ont bu toute la bouteille ; they had only one suitcase between (the three of) them ils n'avaient qu'une seule valise pour trois ; between ourselves, between you and me (and the gatepost) entre nous ;7 (together, in combination) the couples have seventeen children between them à eux tous, les couples ont dix-sept enfants ; between them, they collected £200 en tout, ils ont réuni 200 livres sterling ; they wrote the article between them ( two people) ils se sont mis à deux pour écrire l'article ; ( more than two) ils se sont mis à plusieurs pour écrire l'article ; between (the two of) us, we earn £30,000 a year à nous deux nous gagnons 30 000 livres sterling par an ; between housework, minding the children and studying, I never have any time to myself entre le ménage, les enfants et les études, je n'ai pas une minute à moi.1 ( in space) au milieu, entre les deux ; ( in time) dans l'intervalle, entre les deux ; the two main roads and the streets (in) between les deux rues principales et les petites rues situées entre elles or et les petites rues au milieu ; she spent four years at university and two years training, with a year off (in) between elle a passé quatre ans à l'université et deux ans en formation, avec une année sabbatique entre les deux ; neither red nor orange but somewhere (in) between ni rouge ni orange mais entre les deux. -
75 itself
❢ When used as a reflexive pronoun, direct and indirect, itself is translated by se (s' before a vowel or mute h): the cat hurt itself = le chat s'est fait mal ; a problem presented itself = un problème s'est présenté. When used for emphasis itself is translated by lui-même when standing for a masculine noun and elle-même when standing for a feminine noun: the car itself was not damaged = la voiture elle-même n'était pas endommagée. For examples and particular usages see the entry below. For uses with prepositions ( by itself etc) see 3 below. pron1 ( refl) se, s' ;2 ( emphatic) lui-même/elle-même ; the house itself was pretty la maison elle-même était jolie ; the library is not in the university itself la bibliothèque n'est pas dans l'université même or dans l'université elle-même ; he was kindness itself c'était la bonté personnifiée ;3 ( after prepositions) the heating comes on by itself le chauffage se met en marche tout seul ; the house stands by itself in the middle of a field la maison est toute seule au milieu d'un champ ; the library is a fine building in itself la bibliothèque par elle-même est un beau bâtiment ; learning French is not difficult in itself l'apprentissage du français n'est pas difficile en soi. -
76 law
law n1 ¢ ( body of rules) loi f ; to obey/break the law respecter/enfreindre la loi ; to be against the law être contraire à la loi fml, être interdit ; it is against the law to do il est interdit de faire ; the law is on our side nous avons la loi pour nous ; to be above the law être au-dessus des lois ; to remain within the law rester dans les limites de la légalité ; the law of the land la législation du pays ; the law as it stands la législation en vigueur ; under Italian law d'après la loi italienne ; by law conformément à la loi ; it's required by law c'est obligatoire légalement ; the bill became law yesterday le projet de loi a été adopté hier ; divine law la loi divine ; his word is law sa parole fait loi ;2 Jur ( rule) loi f ; a law against une loi interdisant [gambling, vagrancy] ; the laws on les lois sur [gambling, vagrancy] ; there has been a change in the law la loi a été modifiée ; there ought to be a law against it ça devrait être interdit ;3 ( justice) justice f ; court of law cour f de justice ; to go to law recourir à la justice (about, over pour) ; in the eyes of the law aux yeux de la loi ; to take the law into one's own hands faire justice soi-même ;6 ( principle) loi f ; the laws of nature/motion les lois de la nature/du mouvement ; the laws of perspective les règles fpl de la perspective ; the second law of thermodynamics le deuxième principe m de la thermodynamique.to be a law unto oneself être un peu original. -
77 Pledge of Allegiance
ⓘ Pledge of Allegiance Dans les écoles américaines, les élèves se rassemblent tous les jours dans la Homeroom avant le début des cours pour l'appel et pour prêter serment au drapeau. Debout, la main droite sur le cœur, ils jurent fidélité et loyauté aux États-Unis d'Amérique en prononçant ces paroles: I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the republic for which it stands, one nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. Les immigrants qui prennent la nationalité américaine prêtent ce même serment. -
78 reason
A n1 ( cause) raison f (for, behind de) ; for a (good) reason pour une bonne raison ; for no (good) reason, without good reason sans raison valable ; not without reason non sans raison ; for some reason or other pour une raison ou pour une autre ; if you are late for any reason si tu es en retard, pour une raison ou pour une autre ; for reasons best known to herself pour des raisons connues d'elle seule ; for the (very) good ou simple reason that pour la simple et bonne raison que ; for reasons of space/time pour des raisons de place/temps ; for health reasons pour raisons de santé ; I have reason to believe that… j'ai des raisons de croire que… ; by reason of sout en raison de ; for that reason I can't do it c'est pour cette raison or c'est pour cela que je ne peux pas le faire ;2 ( explanation) raison f ; the reason why la raison pour laquelle ; there are several reasons why I have to go il y a plusieurs raisons qui m'obligent à partir ; I'll tell you the reason why… je vais te dire pourquoi… ; and that's the reason why… et c'est pourquoi… ; give me one reason why I should! et pourquoi donc devrais-je le faire? ; what was his reason for resigning? pour quelle raison a-t-il démissionné? ; the reason for having rules la raison pour laquelle il y a des règles ; the reason is that la raison en est que ; the reason given is that la raison invoquée est que ; for some unknown reason pour une raison inconnue ;3 ( grounds) raison f ; a good/bad reason for doing une bonne/mauvaise raison pour faire ; to have every reason for doing ou to do avoir tout lieu de faire ; to have good reason to do avoir tout lieu de faire ; he had better reason than most to complain il avait davantage lieu que d'autres de se plaindre ; I see no reason to think so il n'y a pas lieu à mon avis de le penser ; there was no reason for you to worry il n'y avait pas de quoi vous inquiéter ; all the more reason to insist on it raison de plus pour insister ; she was angry, and with good reason elle était fâchée, et à juste titre ;4 ( common sense) raison f ; the power/the voice of reason le pouvoir/la voix de la raison ; to lose one's reason perdre la raison ; to listen to ou see reason entendre raison ; it stands to reason that il va sans dire que ; within reason dans la limite du raisonnable ; sweet reason hum bon sens.B vtr1 ( argue) soutenir (that que) ; ‘suppose she killed him,’ he reasoned ‘suppose qu'elle l'ait tué,’ dit-il ;2 ( conclude) déduire (that que) ; ‘she must have killed him,’ he reasoned ‘elle a dû le tuer,’ en a-t-il déduit.■ reason out:▶ reason out [sth], reason [sth] out trouver une solution à [problem]. -
79 Colours
Not all English colour terms have a single exact equivalent in French: for instance, in some circumstances brown is marron, in others brun. If in doubt, look the word up in the dictionary.Colour termswhat colour is it?= c’est de quelle couleur? or (more formally) de quelle couleur est-il?it’s green= il est vert or elle est verteto paint sth green= peindre qch en vertto dye sth green= teindre qch en vertto wear green= porter du vertdressed in green= habillé de vertColour nouns are all masculine in French:I like green= j’aime le vertI prefer blue= je préfère le bleured suits her= le rouge lui va bienit’s a pretty yellow!= c’est un joli jaune!have you got it in white?= est-ce que vous l’avez en blanc?a pretty shade of blue= un joli ton de bleuit was a dreadful green= c’était un vert affreuxa range of greens= une gamme de vertsMost adjectives of colour agree with the noun they modify:a blue coat= un manteau bleua blue dress= une robe bleueblue clothes= des vêtements bleusSome that don’t agree are explained below.Words that are not true adjectivesSome words that translate English adjectives are really nouns in French, and so don’t show agreement:a brown shoe= une chaussure marronorange tablecloths= des nappes fpl orangehazel eyes= des yeux mpl noisetteOther French words like this include: cerise ( cherry-red), chocolat ( chocolate-brown) and émeraude ( emerald-green).Shades of colourExpressions like pale blue, dark green or light yellow are also invariable in French and show no agreement:a pale blue shirt= une chemise bleu pâledark green blankets= des couvertures fpl vert foncéa light yellow tie= une cravate jaune clairbright yellow socks= des chaussettes fpl jaune vifFrench can also use the colour nouns here: instead of une chemise bleu pâle you could say une chemise d’un bleu pâle ; and similarly des couvertures d’un vert foncé (etc). The nouns in French are normally used to translate English adjectives of this type ending in -er and -est:a darker blue= un bleu plus foncéthe dress was a darker blue= la robe était d’un bleu plus foncéSimilarly:a lighter blue= un bleu plus clair (etc.)In the following examples, blue stands for most basic colour terms:pale blue= bleu pâlelight blue= bleu clairbright blue= bleu vifdark blue= bleu foncédeep blue= bleu profondstrong blue= bleu soutenuOther types of compound in French are also invariable, and do not agree with their nouns:a navy-blue jacket= une veste bleu marineThese compounds include: bleu ciel ( sky-blue), vert pomme ( apple-green), bleu nuit ( midnight-blue), rouge sang ( blood-red) etc. However, all English compounds do not translate directly into French. If in doubt, check in the dictionary.French compounds consisting of two colour terms linked with a hyphen are also invariable:a blue-black material= une étoffe bleu-noira greenish-blue cup= une tasse bleu-verta greeny-yellow dress= une robe vert-jauneEnglish uses the ending -ish, or sometimes -y, to show that something is approximately a certain colour, e.g. a reddish hat or a greenish paint. The French equivalent is -âtre:blue-ish= bleuâtregreenish or greeny= verdâtregreyish= grisâtrereddish= rougeâtreyellowish or yellowy= jaunâtreetc.Other similar French words are rosâtre, noirâtre and blanchâtre. Note however that these words are often rather negative in French. It is better not to use them if you want to be complimentary about something. Use instead tirant sur le rouge/jaune etc.To describe a special colour, English can add -coloured to a noun such as raspberry (framboise) or flesh (chair). Note how this is said in French, where the two-word compound with couleur is invariable, and, unlike English, never has a hyphen:a chocolate-coloured skirt= une jupe couleur chocolatraspberry-coloured fabric= du tissu couleur framboiseflesh-coloured tights= un collant couleur chairColour verbsEnglish makes some colour verbs by adding -en (e.g. blacken). Similarly French has some verbs in -ir made from colour terms:to blacken= noircirto redden= rougirto whiten= blanchirThe other French colour terms that behave like this are: bleu (bleuir), jaune (jaunir), rose (rosir) and vert (verdir). It is always safe, however, to use devenir, thus:to turn purple= devenir violetDescribing peopleNote the use of the definite article in the following:to have black hair= avoir les cheveux noirsto have blue eyes= avoir les yeux bleusNote the use of à in the following:a girl with blue eyes= une jeune fille aux yeux bleusthe man with black hair= l’homme aux cheveux noirsNot all colours have direct equivalents in French. The following words are used for describing the colour of someone’s hair (note that les cheveux is plural in French):fair= blonddark= brunblonde or blond= blondbrown= châtain invred= rouxblack= noirgrey= griswhite= blancCheck other terms such as yellow, ginger, auburn, mousey etc. in the dictionary.Note these nouns in French:a fair-haired man= un blonda fair-haired woman= une blondea dark-haired man= un bruna dark-haired woman= une bruneThe following words are useful for describing the colour of someone’s eyes:blue= bleulight blue= bleu clair invlight brown= marron clair invbrown= marron invhazel= noisette invgreen= vertgrey= grisgreyish-green= gris-vert invdark= noir -
80 The days of the week
Note that French uses lower-case letters for the names of days ; also, French speakers normally count the week as starting on Monday.Write the names of days in full ; do not abbreviate as in English (Tues, Sat and so on). The French only abbreviate in printed calendars, diaries etc.Monday= lundiTuesday= mardiWednesday= mercrediThursday= jeudiFriday= vendrediSaturday= samediSunday= dimancheWhat day is it?(Lundi in this note stands for any day ; they all work the same way ; for more information on dates in French ⇒ Date.)what day is it?= quel jour sommes-nous? or (very informally) on est quel jour?it is Monday= nous sommes lunditoday is Monday= c’est lundi aujourd’huiNote the use of French le for regular occurrences, and no article for single ones. (Remember: do not translate on.)on Monday= lundion Monday, we’re going to the zoo= lundi, on va au zooI’ll see you on Monday morning= je te verrai lundi matinbuton Mondays= le lundion Mondays, we go to the zoo= le lundi, on va au zooI see her on Monday mornings= je la vois le lundi matinSpecific daysMonday afternoon= lundi après-midione Monday evening= un lundi soirthat Monday morning= ce lundi matin-làlast Monday night= la nuit de lundi dernier or (if evening) lundi dernier dans la soiréeearly on Monday= lundi matin de bonne heurelate on Monday= lundi soir tardthis Monday= ce lundithat Monday= ce lundi-làthat very Monday= précisément ce lundi-làlast Monday= lundi derniernext Monday= lundi prochainthe Monday before last= l’autre lundia month from Monday= dans un mois lundiin a month from last Monday= dans un mois à dater de lundi dernierfinish it by Monday= termine-le avant lundifrom Monday on= à partir de lundiRegular eventsevery Monday= tous les lundiseach Monday= chaque lundievery other Monday= un lundi sur deuxevery third Monday= un lundi sur troisSometimesmost Mondays= presque tous les lundissome Mondays= certains lundison the second Monday in the month= le deuxième lundi de chaque moisthe odd Monday or the occasional Monday= le lundi de temps en tempsHappening etc. on that dayMonday’s paper= le journal de lundi or de ce lundithe Monday papers= les journaux du lundiMonday flights= les vols du lundithe Monday flight= le vol du lundiMonday closing (of shops)= la fermeture du lundiMonday’s classes= les cours de lundi or de ce lundiMonday classes= les cours du lundiMonday trains= les trains du lundi
См. также в других словарях:
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stands — ge·gen·stands·the·o·rie; stands; … English syllables
stands to reason — (it) stands to reason it is obvious or logical it stands to reason that if you can eradicate the fear, the nervousness will subside … Useful english dictionary
stands — ➡ football – British style * * * … Universalium
stands — stænd n. act of standing; halt; position; stance, point of view; defensive effort; raised platform; kiosk which sells or distributes items; taxi station; piece of furniture on which items are stored or displayed; seat for witnesses during a… … English contemporary dictionary
stands a chance — has a possibility, has a chance … English contemporary dictionary
stands of colors — system of flags, layout of flags … English contemporary dictionary