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are+embodied+in

  • 41 שנה

    שני, שָׁנָה(b. h.) 1) to repeat, do a second time. Yoma 86b ואם ש׳ בהןוכ׳ but if he committed the same sins again, he must confess them. Ib. כיון … וש׳ בהוכ׳ when a man commits a sin and repeats it, it appears to him permitted; M. Kat. 27b. Ib. 16b; Ber.18a אם קרית לא שָׁנִיתָ ואם שניתוכ׳ if thou hast read (studied), thou hast not repeated, and if thou hast repeated, thou hast not reviewed a third time, and if thou hast done so, they have not explained it to thee (v. פָּרַש). Sot.9a (ref. to Mal. 3:6) לא … ושָׁנִיתִי להוכ׳ I never struck a nation and had to do it a second time, but you, children of Israel, have not been consumed; Yalk. Deut. 825. Ib. שהיה מכה … ולא שֹׁונֶה לו who used to strike a man once and no more (killed with one stroke). Tosef.Toh.IV. 1 אומר לו שיִשְׁנֶה we say to him that he should do it again (when it will be seen whether it can be done without touching un-cleanness); אין שֹׁונִין בטהרות we must not try again for the purpose of deciding in matters of levitical cleanness; Nidd.5b אומרים לו שְׁנֵה ושונה we say to him, do it again, and he does it again; a. fr.Part. pass. שָׁנוּי; f. שְׁנוּיָה Meg.31a; Ab. Zar.19b, v. שָׁלַש; a. e. 2) (denom. of מִשְׁנָה) to study the Mishnah; in gen. to study; to teach. Meg.28b; Nidd.73a כל השונהוכ׳ he who studies (reviews) traditional laws every day. Meg.32a; Treat. Sofrim III, 10 השונה בלא זמרה who studies (Mishnah and Gemarah) without chant. B. Mets.44a שנית לנו … ותִשְׁנֶה לנווכ׳ in thy earlier days thou taughtest us … and again in thy old days, thou teachest us ?; Ab. Zar.52b. Erub.92a וכי רבי לא שְׁנָאָהּוכ׳ but if Rabbi has not taught that, whence could R. Ḥiyya have it?; Yeb.43a; Nidd.62a רבי לא שנהוכ׳ Rabbi has not taught this? whence ? Yeb.108b, a. e. מי שש׳ זו לא ש׳ זו he who taught this, has not taught that, i. e. the two clauses in the Mishnah are from different authors, v. תַּבְרָא. Ḥull.85a ראה רבי … ושְׁנָאָןוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ושנאו) Rabbi approved of the opinion of R. … and embodied it in the Mishnah as the opinion of ‘the scholars. Pes.3b; Ḥull.63b לעולם יִשְׁנֶה אדם לתלמידווכ׳ one should always teach his pupil the shortest way (use the briefest terms). Ib. 81b, a. fr. לא שָׁנוּ אלאוכ׳ they have taught this only with regard to a case, i. e. this is meant only when ; a. fr.Part. pass. as ab. Nidd.22b, a. fr. במחלוקת שנויה, v. מַחֲלֹוקֶת. Nif. נִשְׁנֶה 1) to be repeated. Snh.59a ונִישְׁנֵית, v. נֹחַ. Ḥull.63b למה נִשְׁנוּ בבהמהוכ׳ why are the laws of clean and unclean animals repeated (in Deut.)? With reference to quadrupeds, on account of hasshsuʿah (Deut. 14:7, which is not found in Lev. 11:4), v. שְׁסוּעָה; Bekh.6b; a. e. 2) to be taught. B. Mets.33b; B. Kam.94b, a. e. בימי רבי נשנית משנה זו this Mishnah was taught (originated) in Rabbis days. Ber.28a, v. עֵדוּת; a. e. Hif. הִשְׂנֶה to teach (Mishnah). Lam. R. to I, 6 הַשְׁנֵינִי פרקוכ׳, v. קָרָא II; a. e. Pi. שנָּה, שִׁינָּה 1) to repeat, to come a second time. Y.1 Snh.III, 21b bot. לְשַׁנֹּות, v. טַעֲנָה. Num. R. s. 420> ולא שִׁינְּתָה, v. שָׁלַש;. 2) to change, vary, modify; to make a distinction. B. Mets.VI, 2 כל המְשַׁנֶּה ידיווכ׳, v. יָד Snh.92b אפי׳ … לא יְשנֶּה אדם את עצמווכ׳ even in time of danger (persecution) a man must not change himself from (disguise the insignia of) his office. Yeb.65b מותד … לשנותוכ׳ one may modify (the report of a persons utterances) in the interest of peace. Ib. גרול …הקב״ה ש׳ בווכ׳ peace is a great thing, for even the Lord modified (Sarahs words) for its sake (ref. to Gen. 18:12 a. 13). Y.Pes.IV, 30d top אל תְּשַׁנּוּ מנהנוכ׳ change not the usage of your fathers Gen. R. s. 48 זה אחד … ששִׁינּוּוכ׳ this is one of the things which they (the seventy translators) changed for king Ptolemee. Sabb.10b לעולם אל יְשַׁנֶּה אדם בנו בין הבנים a man must never distinguish his son among his sons (favor one son more than the others); Gen. R. s. 84. Bets.30a אם אי אפשר לשנות if it is not possible to do the thing in a different manner (so as to be reminded that it is a Holy Day). Tanḥ. Nitsabim 3 כבר … שלא אֲשנֶּה בכםוכ׳ I have sworn to you that I will not change my relation to you Yalk. Mal. 589 מי שי׳ במי which of us changed his conduct towards the other?; המקום לא שי׳ בישראל God has not changed his relation to Israel; a. fr.Part. pass. מְשוּנֶּה; f. מְשוּנָּה. Y.Taan.I, end, 64d עורב יצא מש׳ מן הבריות the raven came out of the ark looking different from all other creatures (black). Shek. V, 2, v. רִצְפָה. Sabb.56a (ref. to 2 Sam. 12:9) מש׳ רעה זווכ׳ this evil deed is different from all Ib. 156b מיתה מש׳ a strange (unnatural, sudden) death; Sot.35a; a. fr.Deut. R. s. 9 ראה אותו מש׳ he saw him (the angel of death) looking strange (excited); מפני מה אתה מש׳ why art thou excited? Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּנֶּה, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּנֶּה to be changed, different. Snh.38a בשלשה … מִשְׁתַּנֶּה מחבירווכ׳ by three things one man is distinguishable from another: by his voice Pes.X, 4 (116a) מה נ׳ הלילהוכ׳ why is this night different from all other nights? Snh.71b (read:) הואיל ונ׳ דינו ונִשְׁתֵּנֵית מיתתו because his (the proselytes) legal status is different, and the mode of capital punishment is different for him. Sabb.53b נִשְׁתַּנּוּ לו סדריוכ׳ the order of nature had to be changed for him. R. Hash. 19a מה נִישְׁתַּנִּינוּ מכלוכ׳ wherein are we different from any other nation or tongue that you decree for us such hard decrees?; a. e.

    Jewish literature > שנה

  • 42 שָׁנָה

    שני, שָׁנָה(b. h.) 1) to repeat, do a second time. Yoma 86b ואם ש׳ בהןוכ׳ but if he committed the same sins again, he must confess them. Ib. כיון … וש׳ בהוכ׳ when a man commits a sin and repeats it, it appears to him permitted; M. Kat. 27b. Ib. 16b; Ber.18a אם קרית לא שָׁנִיתָ ואם שניתוכ׳ if thou hast read (studied), thou hast not repeated, and if thou hast repeated, thou hast not reviewed a third time, and if thou hast done so, they have not explained it to thee (v. פָּרַש). Sot.9a (ref. to Mal. 3:6) לא … ושָׁנִיתִי להוכ׳ I never struck a nation and had to do it a second time, but you, children of Israel, have not been consumed; Yalk. Deut. 825. Ib. שהיה מכה … ולא שֹׁונֶה לו who used to strike a man once and no more (killed with one stroke). Tosef.Toh.IV. 1 אומר לו שיִשְׁנֶה we say to him that he should do it again (when it will be seen whether it can be done without touching un-cleanness); אין שֹׁונִין בטהרות we must not try again for the purpose of deciding in matters of levitical cleanness; Nidd.5b אומרים לו שְׁנֵה ושונה we say to him, do it again, and he does it again; a. fr.Part. pass. שָׁנוּי; f. שְׁנוּיָה Meg.31a; Ab. Zar.19b, v. שָׁלַש; a. e. 2) (denom. of מִשְׁנָה) to study the Mishnah; in gen. to study; to teach. Meg.28b; Nidd.73a כל השונהוכ׳ he who studies (reviews) traditional laws every day. Meg.32a; Treat. Sofrim III, 10 השונה בלא זמרה who studies (Mishnah and Gemarah) without chant. B. Mets.44a שנית לנו … ותִשְׁנֶה לנווכ׳ in thy earlier days thou taughtest us … and again in thy old days, thou teachest us ?; Ab. Zar.52b. Erub.92a וכי רבי לא שְׁנָאָהּוכ׳ but if Rabbi has not taught that, whence could R. Ḥiyya have it?; Yeb.43a; Nidd.62a רבי לא שנהוכ׳ Rabbi has not taught this? whence ? Yeb.108b, a. e. מי שש׳ זו לא ש׳ זו he who taught this, has not taught that, i. e. the two clauses in the Mishnah are from different authors, v. תַּבְרָא. Ḥull.85a ראה רבי … ושְׁנָאָןוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. ושנאו) Rabbi approved of the opinion of R. … and embodied it in the Mishnah as the opinion of ‘the scholars. Pes.3b; Ḥull.63b לעולם יִשְׁנֶה אדם לתלמידווכ׳ one should always teach his pupil the shortest way (use the briefest terms). Ib. 81b, a. fr. לא שָׁנוּ אלאוכ׳ they have taught this only with regard to a case, i. e. this is meant only when ; a. fr.Part. pass. as ab. Nidd.22b, a. fr. במחלוקת שנויה, v. מַחֲלֹוקֶת. Nif. נִשְׁנֶה 1) to be repeated. Snh.59a ונִישְׁנֵית, v. נֹחַ. Ḥull.63b למה נִשְׁנוּ בבהמהוכ׳ why are the laws of clean and unclean animals repeated (in Deut.)? With reference to quadrupeds, on account of hasshsuʿah (Deut. 14:7, which is not found in Lev. 11:4), v. שְׁסוּעָה; Bekh.6b; a. e. 2) to be taught. B. Mets.33b; B. Kam.94b, a. e. בימי רבי נשנית משנה זו this Mishnah was taught (originated) in Rabbis days. Ber.28a, v. עֵדוּת; a. e. Hif. הִשְׂנֶה to teach (Mishnah). Lam. R. to I, 6 הַשְׁנֵינִי פרקוכ׳, v. קָרָא II; a. e. Pi. שנָּה, שִׁינָּה 1) to repeat, to come a second time. Y.1 Snh.III, 21b bot. לְשַׁנֹּות, v. טַעֲנָה. Num. R. s. 420> ולא שִׁינְּתָה, v. שָׁלַש;. 2) to change, vary, modify; to make a distinction. B. Mets.VI, 2 כל המְשַׁנֶּה ידיווכ׳, v. יָד Snh.92b אפי׳ … לא יְשנֶּה אדם את עצמווכ׳ even in time of danger (persecution) a man must not change himself from (disguise the insignia of) his office. Yeb.65b מותד … לשנותוכ׳ one may modify (the report of a persons utterances) in the interest of peace. Ib. גרול …הקב״ה ש׳ בווכ׳ peace is a great thing, for even the Lord modified (Sarahs words) for its sake (ref. to Gen. 18:12 a. 13). Y.Pes.IV, 30d top אל תְּשַׁנּוּ מנהנוכ׳ change not the usage of your fathers Gen. R. s. 48 זה אחד … ששִׁינּוּוכ׳ this is one of the things which they (the seventy translators) changed for king Ptolemee. Sabb.10b לעולם אל יְשַׁנֶּה אדם בנו בין הבנים a man must never distinguish his son among his sons (favor one son more than the others); Gen. R. s. 84. Bets.30a אם אי אפשר לשנות if it is not possible to do the thing in a different manner (so as to be reminded that it is a Holy Day). Tanḥ. Nitsabim 3 כבר … שלא אֲשנֶּה בכםוכ׳ I have sworn to you that I will not change my relation to you Yalk. Mal. 589 מי שי׳ במי which of us changed his conduct towards the other?; המקום לא שי׳ בישראל God has not changed his relation to Israel; a. fr.Part. pass. מְשוּנֶּה; f. מְשוּנָּה. Y.Taan.I, end, 64d עורב יצא מש׳ מן הבריות the raven came out of the ark looking different from all other creatures (black). Shek. V, 2, v. רִצְפָה. Sabb.56a (ref. to 2 Sam. 12:9) מש׳ רעה זווכ׳ this evil deed is different from all Ib. 156b מיתה מש׳ a strange (unnatural, sudden) death; Sot.35a; a. fr.Deut. R. s. 9 ראה אותו מש׳ he saw him (the angel of death) looking strange (excited); מפני מה אתה מש׳ why art thou excited? Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּנֶּה, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּנֶּה to be changed, different. Snh.38a בשלשה … מִשְׁתַּנֶּה מחבירווכ׳ by three things one man is distinguishable from another: by his voice Pes.X, 4 (116a) מה נ׳ הלילהוכ׳ why is this night different from all other nights? Snh.71b (read:) הואיל ונ׳ דינו ונִשְׁתֵּנֵית מיתתו because his (the proselytes) legal status is different, and the mode of capital punishment is different for him. Sabb.53b נִשְׁתַּנּוּ לו סדריוכ׳ the order of nature had to be changed for him. R. Hash. 19a מה נִישְׁתַּנִּינוּ מכלוכ׳ wherein are we different from any other nation or tongue that you decree for us such hard decrees?; a. e.

    Jewish literature > שָׁנָה

  • 43 принцип

    The theoretical concepts embodied in Burdin's approach to turbine design...

    Another engineer applied these precepts to the vertical water wheel.

    The general principle ( of operation) of pumps is...

    Computers based on this concept (or principle) are called data-driven processors.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > принцип

  • 44 exponer

    v.
    1 to expound.
    Ella expuso su parecer She expounded her way of thinking.
    2 to exhibit (cuadro, obra).
    3 to risk (vida, prestigio).
    4 to expose (parte del cuerpo).
    Su irresponsabilidad expuso a Ricardo His irresponsibility exposed Richard.
    Los detectives expusieron al culpable The detectives exposed the guilty...
    Ella expuso sus razones She exposed her reasons.
    5 to display, to show, to expose, to exhibit.
    El artista expuso sus cuadros The artist displayed his pictures.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ PONER], like link=poner poner (pp expuesto,-a)
    1 (explicar) to expound, explain; (propuesta) to put forward; (hechos) to state, set out
    2 (mostrar) to show, exhibit; (mercancías) to display
    3 (arriesgar) to expose, risk, endanger
    4 (al sol etc) to expose
    5 (un recién nacido) to abandon
    1 (arriesgarse) to expose oneself (a, to), run the risk (a, of)
    \
    exponer mucho to take great risks, run a lot of risks
    * * *
    verb
    1) to exhibit, show
    * * *
    ( pp expuesto)
    1. VT
    1) [al público]
    a) (Arte) [museo] to exhibit, put on show; [galería, artista] to show
    b) (Com) [en tienda] to display; [en feria] to exhibit
    2) [a la luz, al agua]
    3) (=explicar) [+ teoría, argumento] to set out, expound frm; [+ hechos] to set out, state; [+ situación] to set out
    4) (=arriesgar) to risk, put at risk

    expuso su vida por salvarla — he risked his life to save her, he put his life at risk to save her

    5) (Fot) to expose
    6) (Rel)
    7) †† [+ niño] to abandon
    2.
    VI [pintor, escultor] to exhibit, show
    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) <cuadro/escultura/productos> to exhibit, show
    2) <razones/hechos> to set out, state; <ideas/teoría> to put forward, expound (frml); < tema> to present
    3)
    a) ( poner en peligro) to put... at risk
    b) (al aire, sol)
    2.
    exponer vi to exhibit, exhibit o show one's work
    3.
    exponerse v pron
    a) (a riesgo, peligro) to expose oneself
    b) (al aire, sol)
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) <cuadro/escultura/productos> to exhibit, show
    2) <razones/hechos> to set out, state; <ideas/teoría> to put forward, expound (frml); < tema> to present
    3)
    a) ( poner en peligro) to put... at risk
    b) (al aire, sol)
    2.
    exponer vi to exhibit, exhibit o show one's work
    3.
    exponerse v pron
    a) (a riesgo, peligro) to expose oneself
    b) (al aire, sol)
    * * *
    exponer1
    1 = discuss, explain, set out, expound (on).

    Ex: This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.

    Ex: This may help explain why many working in this field fail to practise what they preach.
    Ex: These complications were not hidden or implicit; they were clearly set out at the beginning of the volume under 'Rules for the Compilation of the Catalog'.
    Ex: The philosophy of building CD-ROM data bases with files with common subject interests is expounded with reference to the OSH-ROM, CHEM-BANK and CANCER-CD data bases.
    * exponer las razones = discuss + the reasons.
    * exponer las razones de = set out + the reasons for.
    * exponer una cuestión = raise + point.
    * exponer una razón = give + reason.

    exponer2
    = display, exhibit, expose, put + Nombre + on show, on exhibit.

    Ex: The command function 'DISPLAY' is used to display a list of alphabetically linked terms.

    Ex: These headings, therefore, in addition to exhibiting a bias in favor of the majority, actively hinder access.
    Ex: The reputation of the information and its authority will be more exposed to examination.
    Ex: Putting books on show is a way of making recommendations by, as it were, remote control and anything tatty, botched-up and sloppily makeshift should be avoided.
    Ex: This is a 'sneak peek' at new products that systems vendors will have on exhibit at the conference = Este es un "avance" de los nuevos productos que los vendedores de sistemas expondrán en el congreso.
    * exponer a la luz = expose to + light.
    * exponer a la luz del día = expose to + daylight.
    * exponer a la luz del sol = expose to + sunlight.
    * exponerse a = expose + Reflexivo + to.
    * exponerse a un percance = court + disaster.

    * * *
    vt
    A ‹cuadro/escultura› to exhibit, show; ‹productos› to exhibit, show
    las joyas se exponen en el palacio the jewels are on show o on exhibition at the palace
    los cuadros estarán expuestos durante el mes de enero the pictures will be on show o will be exhibited throughout January
    los zapatos expuestos en la vitrina the shoes displayed o on display o on show in the window
    exponer el Santísimo to expose o exhibit the Blessed Sacrament
    B ‹razones/hechos› to set out, state; ‹ideas/teoría› to put forward, set out, expound ( frml); ‹tema› to present
    expuso el problema con claridad he set out o stated the problem clearly
    C
    1 (poner en peligro) to put … at risk
    intentó salvarlo, exponiendo su vida she risked her life trying to save him, she put her life at risk in trying to save him
    2 (al aire, sol) exponer algo A algo to expose sth TO sth
    ■ exponer
    vi
    to exhibit, exhibit o show one's work
    1 (a un riesgo, peligro) to expose oneself exponerse A algo to expose oneself TO sth
    se expuso a las críticas del público he laid himself open to o exposed himself to public criticism
    exponerse A QUE + SUBJ:
    te estás exponiendo a que te pongan una multa/a que te descubran you're risking a fine/being found out
    2 (al aire, sol) exponerse A algo to expose oneself TO sth
    se expone demasiado tiempo al sol he exposes himself to the sun's rays for too long, he has too much exposure to the sun
    * * *

     

    exponer ( conjugate exponer) verbo transitivo
    1
    a) ( en museo) ‹cuadro/escultura to exhibit, show


    2razones/hechos to set out, state;
    ideas/teoría to put forward;
    tema to present
    3
    a) ( poner en peligro) to put … at risk

    b) (al aire, sol) exponer algo a algo to expose sth to sth

    verbo intransitivo
    to exhibit, exhibit o show one's work
    exponerse verbo pronominal exponerse (a algo) to expose oneself (to sth);

    exponer verbo transitivo
    1 (en un discurso, escrito) to expound, put forward
    2 (en una galería, escaparate) to exhibit, display
    3 (someter, poner) to expose: la expuso al peligro, he exposed her to danger

    ' exponer' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    desarrollar
    - poner
    - vitrina
    - asolear
    - plantear
    - presentar
    English:
    argue
    - candid
    - case
    - display
    - exhibit
    - expose
    - expound
    - post
    - put forward
    - set out
    - show
    - state
    - trace
    - detail
    - put
    - set
    * * *
    vt
    1. [de palabra] [teoría] to expound;
    [tema] to present; [ideas, propuesta] to set out, to explain; [argumentos, razones] to set out, to state;
    he expuesto los hechos tal y como ocurrieron I have related o set out the events exactly as they occurred
    2. [a la vista] [cuadro, obra] to exhibit;
    [objetos en vitrinas] to display
    3. [vida, prestigio, carrera] to risk, to put at risk
    4. [a agentes físicos] [objeto, parte del cuerpo] to expose (a to);
    no exponer al sol o a temperaturas elevadas [en letrero] do not expose to direct sunlight or high temperatures
    vi
    [en una galería, museo] to exhibit
    * * *
    <part expuesto> v/t
    1 idea, teoría set out, put forward
    2 ( revelar) expose
    3 pintura, escultura exhibit, show
    4 ( arriesgar) risk
    * * *
    exponer {60} vt
    1) : to exhibit, to show, to display
    2) : to explain, to present, to set forth
    3) : to expose, to risk
    : to exhibit
    * * *
    1. (mostrar mercancía) to display
    2. (mostrar obras) to exhibit / to show [pt. showed; pp. shown]
    3. (presentar) to state
    4. (someter) to expose

    Spanish-English dictionary > exponer

  • 45 अस्मद् _asmad

    अस्मद् pron. [अस्-मदिक् Uṇ.1.136] A pronominal base from which several cases of the 1st personal pronoun are derived; it is also abl. pl. of the word. m. The individual soul, the embodied soul; यूयं वयं वयं यूयमित्यासीन्मतिरावयोः । किं जातमधुना येन यूयं यूयं वयं वयम् ॥ Bh.3.65 (quite estranged from each other).
    -Comp. -द्रुह् a. Ved. forming a plot against us or me, inimical; यो अस्मध्रुग् दुर्मन्मा कश्च वेनति Rv.8.6.7.
    -विध, अस्मादृश a. similar or like us.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > अस्मद् _asmad

  • 46 रूपवत् _rūpavat

    रूपवत् a.
    1 Having form or colour.
    -2 Bodily, corporeal.
    -3 Embodied.
    -4 Handsome, beautiful.
    -5 (Mīmāṁsā) Possessed of रूप i. e. where are mentioned द्रव्य, देवता etc. which form the रूप of a sacrificial act; स एष रूपवतां संनिधावरूपः शब्दः श्रूयमाणः समुदायवाचकः समधिगतः ŚB. on MS.4.4.1.
    -ती A beautiful woman.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > रूपवत् _rūpavat

  • 47 représenter

    représenter [ʀ(ə)pʀezɑ̃te]
    ➭ TABLE 1
    1. transitive verb
       a. [peintre, romancier] to depict ; [photographie] to show
       b. ( = symboliser, signifier) to represent
    ils représentent 12% de la population they represent 12% of the population
       c. ( = jouer) to perform ; ( = mettre à l'affiche) to perform
    « Hamlet » fut représenté pour la première fois en 1603 "Hamlet" was first performed in 1603
       d. ( = agir au nom de) [+ ministre, pays] to represent
    2. reflexive verb
       a. ( = s'imaginer) to imagine
    * * *
    ʀəpʀezɑ̃te
    1.
    1) ( figurer) [tableau, dessin] to depict, to show; [peintre] to depict [paysage, situation]; to portray [personne]

    le décor représente un jardinThéâtre the scene shows a garden

    2) ( exprimer) to represent
    3) ( équivaloir à) to represent; ( signifier) to mean

    le vin représente 60% de la consommation d'alcool — wine accounts for 60% of alcohol consumption

    4) ( être mandataire de) to represent
    5) Théâtre ( jouer) to perform [pièce]; to put on [spectacle]

    2.
    se représenter verbe pronominal
    1) ( s'imaginer) to imagine [conséquences, scène, personne]
    2) ( survenir à nouveau) [occasion] to arise again; [problème] to crop up again

    se représenter aux électionsto stand GB ou run US for election again

    * * *
    ʀ(ə)pʀezɑ̃te vt
    1) [image] to show, to depict

    Le tableau représente un enfant et un chat. — The picture shows a child with a cat.

    2) (= symboliser) to represent
    3) POLITIQUE, [élu] to represent
    4) (= donner) [pièce, opéra] to perform
    * * *
    représenter verb table: aimer
    A vtr
    1 ( figurer) [tableau, dessin] to depict, to show; [peintre] to depict [paysage, scène, milieu, situation]; to portray [personne]; le décor représente un jardin Théât the scene shows a garden; le peintre l'a représenté en empereur romain the painter has portrayed him as a Roman emperor; on l'a représenté comme un héros he has been portrayed as a hero;
    2 ( exprimer) to represent; représenter les sons par des symboles to represent sounds by symbols; que représente ce signe? what does this sign represent?; face au reste, il représente la modération compared to the rest, he represents the moderate position; elle représente bien l'esprit de son époque she typifies the spirit of her age;
    3 ( équivaloir à) to represent; ( signifier) to mean; le prix d'une voiture représente deux ans de salaire a car represents two years' salary; cela représente trop de sacrifices/frais it means too many sacrifices/too much expense; il représente, à leurs yeux, le parfait employé in their eyes he is the perfect employee; les enfants représentent les deux tiers de la population children make up two thirds of the population; le vin représente 60% de la consommation d'alcool wine accounts for 60% of alcohol consumption; ce qui, à mes yeux, représente un exploit which, to my mind, is a considerable achievement;
    4 ( être mandataire de) to represent [personne, communauté, organisation]; se faire représenter par to be represented by; représenter la France à l'ONU/un congrès to represent France at the UN/a conference; représenter qn auprès d'un tribunal to represent sb in court;
    5 Comm to represent [entreprise];
    6 Théât ( jouer) to perform [pièce]; to put on [spectacle];
    7 ( faire percevoir) fml représenter qch à qn to point sth out to sb; représentez-lui les avantages de ce contrat point out the advantages of the contract to him/her.
    1 ( s'imaginer) to imagine [conséquences, scène, personne]; je me représente comment ça s'est produit I can imagine how it happened; on se la représente très bien en premier ministre one can just see her as Prime Minister; on a du mal à se le représenter en vaincu it's hard to see him as a beaten man; représentez-vous cette pauvre femme just picture that poor woman;
    2 ( survenir à nouveau) [occasion] to arise again; [problème] to crop up again; se représenter à qn or à l'esprit de qn [idée] to occur to sb again, to cross sb's mind again; lorsque l'occasion se représentera next time the opportunity arises; l'occasion ne se représentera pas there won't be another opportunity;
    3 ( être à nouveau candidat) se représenter à un examen to resit GB ou retake an examination; se représenter aux élections to stand GB ou run US for election again.
    [rəprezɑ̃te] verbe transitif
    la scène représente un intérieur bourgeois the scene is ou represents a middle-class interior
    2. [incarner] to represent
    elle représentait pour lui l'idéal féminin she represented ou symbolized ou embodied the feminine ideal for him
    [symboliser] to represent, to stand for (inseparable)
    3. [constituer] to represent, to account for (inseparable)
    les produits de luxe représentent 60 % de nos exportations luxury items account for ou make up 60% of our exports
    4. THÉÂTRE [faire jouer] to stage, to put on (separable)
    5. [être le représentant de] to represent
    le maire s'est fait représenter par son adjoint the mayor was represented by his deputy, the mayor sent his deputy to represent him
    si vous n'êtes pas disponible, faites-vous représenter if you are not available, have someone stand in for you ou delegate someone
    6. COMMERCE to be a representative of ou for
    7. (littéraire) [faire remarquer] to explain, to outline
    [mettre en garde quant à] to point out (separable)
    ————————
    se représenter verbe pronominal intransitif
    1. [à une élection] to stand (UK) ou to run (US) (for election) again
    [à un examen] to sit (UK) ou to take an examination again
    2. [se manifester à nouveau - problème] to crop ou to come up again
    ————————
    se représenter verbe pronominal transitif
    représentez-vous le scandale que c'était à l'époque! just imagine ou think how scandalous it was in those days!

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > représenter

  • 48 विग्रह


    ví-graha
    1) mfn. freed from « the Seizer» i.e. Rāhu (said of the moon) R. ;

    vi-graha
    2) m. keeping apart orᅠ asunder, isolation Nir. BhP. ;

    division, Bh. ;
    distribution (esp. of fluids cf. vi-grah) KātyṠr. ;
    (in gram.) independence (of a word, as opp. to composition) APrāt. ;
    separation, resolution, analysis, resolution of a compound word into its constituent parts, the separation orᅠ analysis of any word capable of separation (such words are Kṛidantas, Taddhitas, all Samāsas orᅠ compound words, Ekaṡeshas, andᅠ all derivative verbs like desideratives etc.;
    the only words incapable of resolution being the simple verb, the singular of the noun, andᅠ a few indeclinables not derived from roots;
    all compounds being called nitya orᅠ « fixed», when their meaning cannot be ascertained through an analysis of their component parts;
    cf. jamad-agni) Pāṇ. Sch. Ṡaṃk. etc.;
    discord, quarrel, contest, strife, war with (instr. with orᅠ without saha, sâ̱rdham orᅠ sākam loc. gen. with upari, orᅠ comp.) Mn. MBh. etc.;
    (one of the 6 Guṇas orᅠ measures of policy Mn. VII, 160 ;
    <cf. under guṇa>, alsoᅠ applied to the conflict of hostile planets, in this sense alsoᅠ n. Sūryas. R. ;
    acc. with kṛi, to make orᅠ wage war);
    separate i.e. individual form orᅠ shape, form, figure, the body Up. MBh. etc. ( alsoᅠ applied to the shape of a rainbow;
    acc. with grah, pari-grah, kṛi, upâ̱-dā, to assume a form);
    an ornament, decoration MBh. R. ;
    (in Sāṃkhya) an element;
    N. of Ṡiva MBh. ;
    of one of Skanda's attendants ib. ;
    - grahaṇa n. the assumption of a form Sarvad. ;
    - dhyāna n. N. of a Stotra;
    - para mfn. intent on war, engaged in fighting MW. ;
    - parigraha m. = - grahaṇa Sarvad. ;
    - pāla-deva m. N. of a king Col.;
    - rāja m. N. of various kings Rājat. ;
    of a poet Cat. ;
    - vat mfn. having form orᅠ figure, embodied, incarnate MBh. R. etc.;
    having a handsome form orᅠ shape, fine, beautiful MW. ;
    - vyāvartanī f. N. of wk.;
    -hâ̱vara n. « hinder part of the body», the back L. ;
    - hêcchu mfn. eager for combat Mcar.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > विग्रह

  • 49 वेदान्त


    vedấnta
    vedâ̱nta

    m. end of the Veda (= « complete knowledge of the Veda» cf. vedâ̱nta-ga) TĀr. MBh. ;

    N. of the second andᅠ most important part of the Mīmāṇsā orᅠ third of the three great divisions of Hindū philosophy (called Vedânta either as teaching the ultimate scope of the Veda orᅠ simply as explained in the Upanishads which come at the end of the Veda;
    this system, although belonging to the Mīmāṇsā
    <q.v.> andᅠ sometimes called Uttara-mīmāṇsā,
    « examination of the later portion orᅠ jñāna-kāṇḍa
    <q.v.> of the Veda», is really the one sole orthodox exponent of the pantheistic creed of the Hindūs of the present day - a creed which underlies all the polytheism andᅠ multiform mythology of the people;
    its chief doctrine < as expounded by Ṡaṃkara> is that of Advaita
    i.e. that nothing really exists but the One Self orᅠ Soul of the Universe called Brahman <neut.> orᅠ Paramâtman,
    andᅠ that the Jīvâtman orᅠ individual human soul andᅠ indeed all the phenomena of nature are really identical with the Paramâtman, andᅠ that their existence is only the result of Ajñāna < otherwise called Avidyā>
    orᅠ an assumed ignorance on the part of that one universal Soul which is described as both Creator andᅠ Creation;
    Actor andᅠ Act;
    Existence, Knowledge andᅠ Joy, andᅠ as devoid of the three qualities < seeᅠ guṇa>;
    the liberation of the human soul, its deliverance from transmigrations, andᅠ re-union with the Paramâtman, with which it is really identified, is only to be effected by a removal of that ignorance through a proper understanding of the Vedânta;
    this system is alsoᅠ called Brahma-mīmāṇsā andᅠ Ṡārīrakamīmāṇsā, « inquiring into Spirit. orᅠ embodied Spirit. » ;
    the founder of the school is said to have been Vyāsa, alsoᅠ called Bādarāyaṇa, andᅠ its most eminent teacher was Ṡaṃkarâcārya) Up. MBh. etc.;
    (ās) m. pl. the Upanishads orᅠ works on the Vedânta philosophy Kull. on Mn. VI, 83.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > वेदान्त

  • 50 rhetorical\ question

    peculiar interrogative construction which semantically remains a statement;
    - serves to call the attention of listeners;
    - makes an indispensable part of oratoric speech for they very successfully emphasise the orator's ideas.
    Source: V.A.K.
    ••
    a) a special syntactical stylistic device the essence of which consists in reshaping the grammatical meaning of the interrogative sentence;

    Are these the remedies for a starving and desperate populace?

    b) a statement expressed in the form of an interrogative sentence;
    c) an utterance in the form of a question which pronounces judgement and also expresses various kind of modal shades of meanings, as doubt, challenge, scorn, irony and so on;
    - is generally structurally embodied in complex sentences with the subordinate clause containing the pronouncement;
    - may be looked upon as a transference of grammatical meaning
    Source: I.R.G.
    ••
    вопрос, который не предполагает ответа, ставится не для того, чтобы побудить слушателя сообщить нечто неизвестное говорящему, а чтобы привлечь внимание, усилить впечатление, повысить эмоциональный тон, создать приподнятость

    Being your slave, what should I do but tend // Upon the hours and times of your desire? (W.Shakespeare - Sonnet LVII) - Для верных слуг нет ничего другого // Как ожидать у двери госпожу. (пер. С.Я.Маршака)

    Source: I.V.A.
    See: order of words, negative-interrogative sentences, transposition, question-in-the-narrative, syntactical SDs

    English-Russian dictionary of stylistics (terminology and examples) > rhetorical\ question

  • 51 φυλακή

    φυλακή, ῆς, ἡ (φύλαξ, cp. φυλάσσω; Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX, En, TestSol, TestJos; JosAs 4:14; AscIs 2:13; EpArist, Philo, Joseph., Just., D. 131, 6 φ. ἀπὸ κρούους; Ath., R. 18 p. 70, 9 ἁπάντων φυλακήν τε καὶ πρόνοιαν; loanw. in rabb.) ‘watch, guard’.
    the act of guarding, guarding, in the expr. φυλάσσειν φυλακάς keep watch, do guard duty (X., An. 2, 6, 10; Pla., Leg. 6, 758d; Demosth. 7, 14; Plut., Mor. 198a; LXX.—B-D-F §153, 3) φυλ. φυλακὰς τῆς νυκτὸς ἐπὶ τὴν ποίμνην keep watch over the flock at night (s. φυλ. τῆς νυκτός 4 below) Lk 2:8.
    the act of guarding embodied in a pers., guard, sentinel (Hom. et al.; OGI 229, 96; 99; PGiss 19, 16; Jos., Bell. 6, 131) Ac 12:10 (the πρώτη and δευτέρα φ. as first and second sentinel, as Arrian, Anab. 3, 18, 6).
    the place where guarding is done, prison (in sg. and pl. Hdt., Thu. et al.; OGI 90, 13; 669, 17; pap, LXX; Jos., Vi. 178) οἶκος φυλακῆς B 14:7 (Is 42:7). Also simply φυλακή (TestJos 1:6) Mt 14:10; 25:36, 39, 43f; Mk 6:27; Lk 22:33; Ac 5:19, 22 (on prison escapes s. the lit. cited RPervo, Profit w. Delight ’87, 147 n. 15; s. also ἀνοίγω 1); 12:6, 17; 16:27, 39 D, 40; Hb 11:36. The pl. of several prisons (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 17 §65) Lk 21:12; Ac 22:4; 26:10; 2 Cor 6:5; 11:23; Hv 3, 2, 1. βάλλειν τινὰ εἰς φυλακήν (βάλλω 2; cp. JosAs 4:14 ἐνέβαλεν αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν φ.) throw someone into prison Mt 18:30 (s. PSchmidt, Die Gesch. Jesu II 1904, 326f); Lk 12:58; Ac 16:23f, 37; Rv 2:10. Pass. Mt 5:25; Lk 23:25; J 3:24; cp. Lk 23:19. παραδιδόναι εἰς φ. (Diod S 11, 40, 3 παρέδωκαν εἰς φ.; 12, 31, 2; 17, 32, 2; OGI 669, 15) Ac 8:3; cp. Lk 21:12. τίθεσθαι εἰς φ. (cp. PEleph 12, 2 [III B.C.]) Ac 12:4. ἐν (τῇ) φυλακῇ τίθεσθαι Mt 14:3 v.l.; Ac 5:25; ἀποτίθεσθαι Mt 14:3; δῆσαι Mk 6:17; κατακλείειν Lk 3:20; Ac 26:10. τηρεῖν pass. 12:5. Of the nether world or its place of punishment (πνεῦμα 2 and 4c) 1 Pt 3:19 (BReicke, The Disobedient Spirits and Christian Baptism ’46, 116f). It is in a φ. in the latter sense that Satan will be rendered harmless during the millennium Rv 20:7. The fallen city of Babylon becomes a φυλακή haunt for all kinds of unclean spirits and birds 18:2ab.
    one of the periods of time into which the night was divided, a watch of the night (Hdt. 9, 51 al.; Diod S 14, 24, 4 δευτέρα φ.; Arrian, Anab. 6, 25, 5 φυλακὴ τῆς νυκτός; PPetr II, 45 II, 18 [246 B.C.] πρώτης φυλακῆς ἀρχομένης; LXX; Joseph.). Our lit. reflects the Rom. custom of dividing the time betw. 6 P.M. and 6 A.M. into four equal periods or watches (assigned pers. were responsible for security during each period) Mt 14:25; Mk 6:48 (Diod S 19, 26, 1 περὶ δευτέραν φυλακήν; Jos., Ant. 18, 356 περὶ τετάρτην φυλακήν; for περί s. also the Freiburg pap 76, 7 [II B.C.]: UWilcken, Deissmann Festschr. 1927, 10ff ln. 9f περὶ πρώτην φυλακὴν τ. νυκτός). Cp. Mt 24:43; Lk 12:38 (here perh. we are to think of only three night-watches, as among the Hebrews and Greeks [s. Jülicher, Gleichn. 168]: thus Diod, S. 19, 38, 3; Polyaenus 4, 8, 4; Jos., Bell. 5, 510). (Mk 13:35 uses the popular designations ὀψέ 2, μεσονύκτιον, ἀλεκτοροφωνία, πρωί̈; s. these entries.)—B. 1451. DELG s.v. φύλαξ. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > φυλακή

  • 52 אנץ

    אֲנַץ(sec. r. of אוּץ, v. אָנִיץ) to squeeze in, fasten. Targ. Koh. 12:11 דאנצין, read דאֲנִיצִין which are fastened (h. text נטועים; gloss דאציתין, clerical error for דאניצין or דנציבין, embodied in the text of some ed.). Targ. 1 Sam 13:21, Ar., v. נְצַב.

    Jewish literature > אנץ

  • 53 אֲנַץ

    אֲנַץ(sec. r. of אוּץ, v. אָנִיץ) to squeeze in, fasten. Targ. Koh. 12:11 דאנצין, read דאֲנִיצִין which are fastened (h. text נטועים; gloss דאציתין, clerical error for דאניצין or דנציבין, embodied in the text of some ed.). Targ. 1 Sam 13:21, Ar., v. נְצַב.

    Jewish literature > אֲנַץ

  • 54 משנה

    מִשְׁנָהf. (preced.) repetition, verbal teaching by repeated recitation; traditional law, opp. to מִקְרָא. Ab. III, 7 מפסיק ממִשְׁנָתוֹ interrupts his study. Ib. 8 כל השוכח … ממשנתו he who forgets one word of what he has learned. תקפה עליו משנתו his study was too hard for him. Erub.54b כיצד סדר (ה)מ׳ what was the order of delivery of the oral law? Ber.5a (ref. to Ex. 24:12) התורה … והמצוה זו מ׳ ‘Torah means the Pentateuch, ‘Mitsvah, the oral law; a. fr.Esp. Mishnah, a collection of oral laws, esp. that edited by R. Judah han-Nasi; also a section of the Mishnah. Esth. R. to I, 2, a. fr. ששה סדרי מ׳ the six Orders of the Mishnah; Cant. R. to VI, 4; Pesik. Vayhi, p. 7a>, sq. ערכי המ׳, v. עֵרֶךְ. Ned.91a מ׳ ראשונה the earliest collection, מ׳ שניה the second edition. Y.Keth.V, 29d bot.; Y.Ter.VIII, beg.45a, sq.; a. fr.Y.Yeb.III, 4d, a. e. אבי המ׳, v. הוֹשַׁעְיָא. Y.Hor.III, end, 48c מִשְׁנָתוֹ שלוכ׳ the collection made by Y.Ter.VIII, 46b bot. ולא מ׳ עשיתי did I not follow the law of the Mishnah?; ib. וזו מִשְׁנַת החסידים but is this the mishnah of the pious (who must act kindlier than the strict law demands)?Erub.62b, a. fr. משנתר׳ … קב ונקי the opinions of R.… recorded in collections are merely a ḳab (few) bat pure (incontestable); a. fr.Pl. מִשְׁנָיוֹת. Y. Hor. l. c. מ׳ גדולות the large collections. Ib. שיקע … רוב מ׳ Rabbi embodied (in his collection) most of the collections (of his predecessors); a. fr.

    Jewish literature > משנה

  • 55 מִשְׁנָה

    מִשְׁנָהf. (preced.) repetition, verbal teaching by repeated recitation; traditional law, opp. to מִקְרָא. Ab. III, 7 מפסיק ממִשְׁנָתוֹ interrupts his study. Ib. 8 כל השוכח … ממשנתו he who forgets one word of what he has learned. תקפה עליו משנתו his study was too hard for him. Erub.54b כיצד סדר (ה)מ׳ what was the order of delivery of the oral law? Ber.5a (ref. to Ex. 24:12) התורה … והמצוה זו מ׳ ‘Torah means the Pentateuch, ‘Mitsvah, the oral law; a. fr.Esp. Mishnah, a collection of oral laws, esp. that edited by R. Judah han-Nasi; also a section of the Mishnah. Esth. R. to I, 2, a. fr. ששה סדרי מ׳ the six Orders of the Mishnah; Cant. R. to VI, 4; Pesik. Vayhi, p. 7a>, sq. ערכי המ׳, v. עֵרֶךְ. Ned.91a מ׳ ראשונה the earliest collection, מ׳ שניה the second edition. Y.Keth.V, 29d bot.; Y.Ter.VIII, beg.45a, sq.; a. fr.Y.Yeb.III, 4d, a. e. אבי המ׳, v. הוֹשַׁעְיָא. Y.Hor.III, end, 48c מִשְׁנָתוֹ שלוכ׳ the collection made by Y.Ter.VIII, 46b bot. ולא מ׳ עשיתי did I not follow the law of the Mishnah?; ib. וזו מִשְׁנַת החסידים but is this the mishnah of the pious (who must act kindlier than the strict law demands)?Erub.62b, a. fr. משנתר׳ … קב ונקי the opinions of R.… recorded in collections are merely a ḳab (few) bat pure (incontestable); a. fr.Pl. מִשְׁנָיוֹת. Y. Hor. l. c. מ׳ גדולות the large collections. Ib. שיקע … רוב מ׳ Rabbi embodied (in his collection) most of the collections (of his predecessors); a. fr.

    Jewish literature > מִשְׁנָה

  • 56 שתף

    שָׁתַףPi. שִׁתֵּף (Shaf. of תף; cmp. Assyr. tappû, Del. Assyr. Handw. p. 71 2) to join, combine, attach; to form a partnership. Y.Taan.II, 65d שי׳ … בישראל the Lord combined his great name with Israels (ישר־אל). Ib. הרי אני מְשתֵּףוכ׳ I will have my great name bound up with theirs, that they may live. Snh.63a כל המשתף שם שמיםוכ׳ he who combines the name of God with something else (imparting divine honor to God and a material object at the same time) will be uprooted from the world; Succ.45b. Ib. והא קא משתףוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. משתתף, corr. acc.) but (in saying, ‘unto Yah and unto thee, O altar) does not one combine the name ? Ber.63a כל המשתף … בצערווכ׳ as for him who includes the name of God in the expression of his trouble (blesses God in his calamity), his means of support will be doubled. Ex. R. s. 42 (ref. to Ex. 32:4) זה אלהים … שִׁיתְּפוּ אותו עמו (not עמהן) they did not say, ‘this (calf) is God, but ‘these are thy gods, they combined Him and it; a. fr.Part. pass. מְשוּתָּף. Y. Taan. l. c. ומה תעשה … שהוא מש׳ בנו and what wilt thou do with thy great name (Josh. 7:9), which is embodied in ours?; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּתֵּף, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּתֵּף to be combined, to have a part in. (Succ. l. c., v. supra. Gen. R. s. 99 בנימין שלא נ׳ במכירתווכ׳ Benjamin, who had no part in the selling of Joseph. Tanḥ. Noah 13 (Satan said to Noah) בא ונִשְׁתַּתֵּף שנינו בכרם זה come and let us work together in this vineyard; a. e.Esp. (Sabbath law) to form a fictitious partnership in an alley (מָבוֹי) by depositing in it some food to the expense for which the inmates of the buildings concerned contribute, contrad. to laying an ʿerub (עֵירוּב). Erub.71b מִשְׁתַּתְּפִין במבוי ביין … להִשְׁתַּתֵּףוכ׳ the partnership in an alley is formed with wine, but if some wish to do it with bread, they may do so. Ib. מארבין בחצירות ומשתתפין במבוי you must lay an ʿerub for courts (by depositing a common object in one of the courts), and also form a partnership for the alley; או מערבין או משתתפין you may do the one or the other. Ib. III, 1 בכל מערבין ומשתתפין you may use any eatable for ʿerub or for shittuf; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > שתף

  • 57 שָׁתַף

    שָׁתַףPi. שִׁתֵּף (Shaf. of תף; cmp. Assyr. tappû, Del. Assyr. Handw. p. 71 2) to join, combine, attach; to form a partnership. Y.Taan.II, 65d שי׳ … בישראל the Lord combined his great name with Israels (ישר־אל). Ib. הרי אני מְשתֵּףוכ׳ I will have my great name bound up with theirs, that they may live. Snh.63a כל המשתף שם שמיםוכ׳ he who combines the name of God with something else (imparting divine honor to God and a material object at the same time) will be uprooted from the world; Succ.45b. Ib. והא קא משתףוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. משתתף, corr. acc.) but (in saying, ‘unto Yah and unto thee, O altar) does not one combine the name ? Ber.63a כל המשתף … בצערווכ׳ as for him who includes the name of God in the expression of his trouble (blesses God in his calamity), his means of support will be doubled. Ex. R. s. 42 (ref. to Ex. 32:4) זה אלהים … שִׁיתְּפוּ אותו עמו (not עמהן) they did not say, ‘this (calf) is God, but ‘these are thy gods, they combined Him and it; a. fr.Part. pass. מְשוּתָּף. Y. Taan. l. c. ומה תעשה … שהוא מש׳ בנו and what wilt thou do with thy great name (Josh. 7:9), which is embodied in ours?; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּתֵּף, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּתֵּף to be combined, to have a part in. (Succ. l. c., v. supra. Gen. R. s. 99 בנימין שלא נ׳ במכירתווכ׳ Benjamin, who had no part in the selling of Joseph. Tanḥ. Noah 13 (Satan said to Noah) בא ונִשְׁתַּתֵּף שנינו בכרם זה come and let us work together in this vineyard; a. e.Esp. (Sabbath law) to form a fictitious partnership in an alley (מָבוֹי) by depositing in it some food to the expense for which the inmates of the buildings concerned contribute, contrad. to laying an ʿerub (עֵירוּב). Erub.71b מִשְׁתַּתְּפִין במבוי ביין … להִשְׁתַּתֵּףוכ׳ the partnership in an alley is formed with wine, but if some wish to do it with bread, they may do so. Ib. מארבין בחצירות ומשתתפין במבוי you must lay an ʿerub for courts (by depositing a common object in one of the courts), and also form a partnership for the alley; או מערבין או משתתפין you may do the one or the other. Ib. III, 1 בכל מערבין ומשתתפין you may use any eatable for ʿerub or for shittuf; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > שָׁתַף

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