apparition

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īdōlum or - on, i, n., = eidôlon.

an image, form, esp. a spectre, apparition, ghost: idola atque atomos vincere Epicuri volam, Lucil. ap. Non. 478, 29:

mox apparebat idolon, senex macie et squalore confectus, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 5 (in Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 21; Fam. 15, 16, 1 and 2, written as Greek).—

In the Church fathers, an idol: idolorum cultor, Aug. in. Psa. 78, 3; id. Serm. 123, 3:

venerator idolorum,

id. Conf. 8, 2:

deficere a cultu idolorum,

Lact. Mort. Pers. 2, 6; Tert. Idol. 1 sq.; id. Spect. 13 et saep.—Scanned īdŏlum, Prud. adv. Symm. 2, 48; Sedul. 5, 146 al.

īdōlum or - on, i, n., = eidôlon.

an image, form, esp. a spectre, apparition, ghost: idola atque atomos vincere Epicuri volam, Lucil. ap. Non. 478, 29:

mox apparebat idolon, senex macie et squalore confectus, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 5 (in Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 21; Fam. 15, 16, 1 and 2, written as Greek).—

In the Church fathers, an idol: idolorum cultor, Aug. in. Psa. 78, 3; id. Serm. 123, 3:

venerator idolorum,

id. Conf. 8, 2:

deficere a cultu idolorum,

Lact. Mort. Pers. 2, 6; Tert. Idol. 1 sq.; id. Spect. 13 et saep.—Scanned īdŏlum, Prud. adv. Symm. 2, 48; Sedul. 5, 146 al.

phantăsĭa, ae, f., = phantasia, an idea, notion, fancy (post-Aug.):

Nicetas longe disertius hanc phantasiam movit,

Sen. Suas. 2, 15:

cor tuum phantasias patitur,

Vulg. Ecclus. 34, 6.—As a term of reproach: phantasia, non homo, a mere notion or fancy, the mere semblance of a man, Petr. 38 fin. (in Cic. Ac. 1, 11, 40; 2, 6, 8 al., written as Greek, and translated visum).—

A phantom, apparition:

(animus) colli-git visa nocturna, quas phantasias nos adpellamus,

Amm. 14, 11, 18.

phantasma, ătis, n., = phantasma.

An apparition, spectre, phantom (postAug.; cf.:

idolon, imago, simulacrum): velim scire, esse phantasmata et habere figuram... an inania, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 1:

si phantasma fuit Christus,

Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 7; Vulg. Matt. 14, 26; id. Marc. 6, 49.—

In gen., an image, appearance, phantasm of an object (late Lat. for visum, imago, species):

Alexandriam cum eloqui volo, quam nunquam vidi, praesto est apud me phantasma ejus,

Aug. Trinit. 8, 6.

phasma, ătis, n., = phasma, an apparition, spectre, phantom.

The title of a comedy of Menander, Ter. Eun. prol. 9.—

The title or principal part of a farce by a mimograph named Catullus:

clamosum ut ageres phasma Catulli,

Juv. 8, 186.

spĕcĭes, ēi ( gen. sing. specie or specii, Matius ap. Gell. 9, 14, 15; gen. and dat. plur. were not in use in Cicero's time, but formarum, formis were used instead; cf. Cic. Top. 7, 30.—At a later period were introduced:

specierum,

Pall. Oct. 14, 15; Cod. Just. 1, 2, 10; Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 5, § 151; cf. Charis. p. 18 P.; and Diom. p. 281 P.:

speciebus,

App. ad Asclep. p. 92, 25; Cod. Just. 11, 9, 1 al.; Dig. 28, 2, 29, § 10), f. [specio].

Act., a seeing, sight, look, view (rare; cf.

aspectus): speciem quo vortimus,

Lucr. 4, 242; so id. 4, 236 (for which, a little before, visus); 5, 707; 5, 724; Vitr. 3, 2 fin.; 5, 9:

si tantis intervallis nostra species potest id animadvertere,

id. 9, 4:

qui sensus nostros specie primā acerrime commovent,

Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 98:

qui doloris speciem ferre non possunt,

id. Tusc. 2, 23, 54.—

Pass., prop. that which is seen in a thing, i. e. the outward appearance, outside, exterior; shape, form, figure, mien, etc. (freq. and class.; syn. forma).

Lit.:

praeter speciem stultus,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 49:

quod speciem ac formam similem gerit ejus imago,

Lucr. 4, 52; cf.:

quae species formaque pugnae, qui motus hominum non ita expictus est, ut, etc.,

outlines, contours, Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114:

esse aliquem humanā specie et figurā,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 63:

hominis esse specie deos confitendum est,

id. N. D. 1, 18, 48:

edepol specie lepida mulier!

Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 2; cf.:

bellan' videtur specie mulier?

id. Bacch. 4, 7, 40; id. Most. 1, 3, 23; id. Mil. 4, 2, 10; 4, 6, 20:

urbis speciem vidi,

id. Pers. 4, 4, 2; so,

species praeclara oppidi,

Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129:

sphaerae (Archimedeae), etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 21:

navium,

Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf.:

nova atque inusitata,

id. ib. 2, 31:

horribilis,

id. ib. 7, 36:

agro bene culto nihil potest esse specie ornatius,

Cic. Sen. 16, 57:

horum hominum species est honestissima,

id. Cat. 2, 8, 18:

ad speciem magnifico ornatu,

as to outward appearance, id. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58:

populi,

id. Rep. 3, 33, 45:

nec ulla deformior species est civitatis, quam illa, in quā opulentissimi optimi putantur,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 51: speciem honesti habere, the look or semblance of what is right, id. Off. 3, 2, 7:

turba majorem quam pro numero speciem ferens,

Curt. 3, 2, 3; cf.:

fallaces sunt rerum species, quibus credimus,

Sen. Ben. 4, 34, 1.—

Something seen, a spectacle, sight, appearance:

ponite itaque ante oculos miseram quidem illam ac flebilem speciem,

Cic. Phil. 11, 3:

non tulit hanc speciem furiatā mente Coroebus,

Verg. A. 2, 407 (cf. I. supra).—

Trop., that which is seen by the mind, an idea, notion: hanc illi idean appellabant:

nos recte speciem possumus dicere,

Cic. Ac. 1, 8, 30; cf. id. Top. 7, 30:

insidebat in ejus mente species eloquentiae,

id. Or. 5, 18:

excellentis eloquentiae speciem et formam adumbrabimus,

id. ib. 14, 43:

species, forma et notio viri boni,

id. Off. 3, 20, 81; cf.:

prima sit haec forma et species et origo tyranni,

id. Rep. 2, 29, 51:

qui species alias veri scelerisque capiet,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 208:

utinam non inanes species anxio animo figuraret,

Curt. 7, 1, 36.—

In partic.

A look, show, seeming, appearance, semblance, pretence, cloak, color, pretext, etc. (opp. that which is real, actual, etc.).

In gen.:

obiciuntur saepe formae, quae reapse nullae sunt, speciem autem offerunt,

Cic. Div. 1, 37, 81:

ista securitas specie quidem blanda sed reapse, etc.,

id. Lael. 13, 47:

cujus rei species erat acceptio frumenti,

Sall. J. 29, 4:

fraudi imponere aliquam speciem juris,

Liv. 9, 11:

specie liberā... re verā, etc.,

id. 35, 31; cf.:

litteras inanis vanā specie libertatis adumbratas esse,

id. 33, 31, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:

plurimi ibi a fallaci equitum specie agasonibusque excepti sunt,

id. 7, 15, 7:

si dux primam speciem adpropinquantis terroris sustinuisset,

id. 44, 6, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:

quae (nomina) primā specie admirationem, re explicatā risum movent,

Cic. Fin. 4, 22, 61:

quaedam humanitatis habent primam speciem ut misericordia,

id. Tusc. 4, 14, 32:

similitudinem quandam speciemque sapientium gerere,

id. Off. 3, 4, 16:

si speciem utilitatis voluptas habere dicetur,

id. ib. 3, 33, 120.— Hence,

Esp. with gen. of that which is assumed or pretended, under pretext of, under pretence of, etc.

With abl.:

fortis viros specie quādam virtutis adsimulatae tenebat,

Cic. Cael. 6, 14.—

With sub:

sub specie tutelae liberūm ejus invasisse regnum,

Curt. 9, 2, 7; 10, 6, 21; Liv. 44, 24, 4.—

With per:

per speciem celebrandarum cantu epularum,

Liv. 9, 30, 8:

per speciem auxilii Byzantiis ferendi, re ipsā, etc.,

id. 39, 35, 4; 40, 13, 8; 42, 52, 8.—

With in:

si quis in speciem refectionis (viae) deteriorem viam facit,

Dig. 43, 11, 1, § 2.—Adverb.: in speciem, for a show, as a pretence:

haud dubio in speciem consensu fit ad Poenos deditio,

Liv. 24, 1, 8:

dilatā in speciem actione, re ipsā sublatā,

id. 3, 9, 13; so,

ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,

Caes. B. C. 2, 35 fin.; id. B. G. 1, 51; Quint. Cic. Pet. Cons. 5, 18 al.—

Also with gen.: in speciem, after the manner, in the fashion, like (cf. tamquam; poet.):

inque chori ludunt speciem,

Ov. M. 3, 685:

in montis speciem curvari,

id. ib. 15, 509; cf.:

scorpiones vermiculos ovorum specie pariunt,

Plin. 11, 25, 30, § 86.—

Pregn., like the Engl. show, for ornament, display, splendor, beauty (cf.:

dignitas, venustas): ut in usum boni sint et in speciem populo,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 42:

fuit pompa, fuit species, fuit incessus saltem Seplasiā dignus et Capuā,

Cic. Pis. 11, 24:

adhibere quandam in dicendo speciem atque pompam,

id. de Or. 2, 72, 294:

speciem candoremque caeli,

id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68; cf. id. N. D. 2, 37; 2, 39:

specie et motu capere homines,

id. Brut. 62, 224:

triumpho praebere speciem,

Liv. 34, 52, 10:

addere speciem,

id. 37, 40; 9, 40:

si fortunatum species et gratia praestat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 203:

ducit te species,

id. S. 2, 2, 35:

speciem Saturnia vaccae probat,

Ov. M. 1, 612:

juvenis,

Juv. 10, 310:

corporis,

Curt. 7, 9, 19; Vitr. 3, 2.—

Transf.

Concr. (for simulacrum, i. q. eidôgon).

An appearance in sleep, a vision, apparition (mostly poet.), Lucr. 1, 125:

repetit quietis Ipsa suae speciem,

Ov. M. 9, 473:

voce suā specieque viri turbata soporem Excutit,

id. ib. 11, 677:

in quiete utrique consuli eadem dicitur visa species viri, etc.,

Liv. 8, 6:

per nocturnas species,

id. 26, 19; cf.:

mirabundi velut ad somni vanam speciem,

id. 33, 32, 7; Sil. 13, 394; Curt. 3, 6, 7.—

A likeness, image, statue: tum species ex aere vetus concidit... Et divum simulacra peremit fulminis ardor... Sancta Jovis species... Haec tardata diu species tandem celsā in sede locata, Cic. poët. Div. 1, [p. 1737] 12, 21.—

Reputation, honor:

o speciem dignitatemque populi Romani, quam reges pertimescant,

Cic. Dom. 33, 89.—

The particular thing among many to which the looks are turned; hence, a particular sort, kind, or quality, a species:

species pars est generis,

App. Asclep. p. 78, 26:

harum singula genera minimum in binas species dividi possunt, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 3; cf.:

genus est id, quod sui similes communione quādam, specie autem differentes, duas aut plures complectitur partes,

Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 189:

primum illud genus quaerimus, ex quo ceterae species suspensae sunt... Homo species est, ut Aristoteles ait, canis species: commune his vinculum animal,

Sen. Ep. 58, 7; Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; id. L. L. 10, § 18; Cic. Inv. 1, 27, 40; id. Or. 10, 33; id. Top. 18, 68; Quint. 3, 6, 26; 3, 10, 2; 5, 10, 90 al.: codicillis multas species vestis, argenti specialiter reliquit, many kinds or sorts, Dig. 34, 2, 19; cf. ib. 41, 1, 7.—

In later jurid. lang., a special case:

proponitur apud eum species talis: Sutor puero discenti cervicem percussit, etc.,

Dig. 9, 2, 5 fin.; 31, 1, 85.—

In late Lat., goods, wares (that are classed together; cf. assortment);

publicae,

Cod. Just. 1, 2, 10:

annonariae,

ib. 11, 73, 3:

vendenda sit species,

i. e. wine, Pall. Oct. 14, 3.—Esp., spices, drugs, etc., Macr. S. 7, 8 med.; Dig. 39, 4, 16, § 7; Pall. Oct. 14 fin.

vīsĭo, ōnis, f. [video], the act or sense of seeing, sight, vision.

Lit.: ignes... nostrae visioni occurrunt, App. de Mundo, p. 63 fin.; id. M. 2, p. 120, 32; 8, p. 203, 37: in caelestis sponsi visione requiescere, Greg. Mag. Homil. 2, 2, 8; 2, 2, 12.—

Transf., a thing seen, an appearance, apparition, a vision:

adventicia,

Cic. Div. 2, 58, 120; cf. Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 3.—

Trop., an image of a thing in the mind; an idea, conception, notion:

speciem dei percipi cogitatione... eamque esse ejus visionem, ut, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 105:

veri falsique,

id. Ac. 2, 11, 33:

falsa doloris,

id. Tusc. 2, 18, 42.—As a transl. of the Gr. phantasia, Quint. 6, 2, 29.—

Transf., in jurid. lang., a supposition, a case:

in propositā quaestione tribus visionibus relatis, etc.,

Dig. 5, 3, 25; so ib. 16, 1, 8; 17, 1, 29; 22, 3, 25 fin.; Tert. Anim. 9.

vīsus, a, um, Part. of video.

vīsus, ūs, m. [video], a seeing, looking; a look, glance; the faculty or act of seeing, sight, vision.

Lit.: feminas omnes visu nocere, quae duplices pupillas habent, Cic. Fragm. ap. Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 18:

visu effascinare,

Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 16:

oculorum visus,

Lucr. 5, 101;

so quint. 1, 2, 11: corpus visu tactuque manifestum,

id. 1, 4, 20: visus in duas acies (divisus est), Lact. Opif. Dei, 10, 10; Ambros. in Luc. 7, 113 al.—In plur., Ov. F. 3, 406; Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 15, 122; App. de Deo Socr. p. 43, 31.—

Transf.

The sight, the organ of sight:

spectare inocciduis visibus,

with everwatchful eyes, Stat. Th. 6, 277.—

Object., a thing seen, a sight, appearance, an apparition, a vision:

conspectus ab utrāque acie aliquanto augustior humano visu,

Liv. 8, 9, 10:

rite secundarent visus,

Verg. A. 3, 36:

inopino territa visu,

Ov. M. 4, 232:

nocturni visus,

Liv. 8, 6, 11.—

Appearance, seeming, probability:

multa esse probabilia, quae quamquam non perciperentur, tamen, quia visum haberent quendam insignem et illustrem, iis sapientis vita regeretur,

Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 12.