outside

    extrā adv. and praep.    [exter].    I. Adv. (for comp. see exterius), on the outside, without: extra et intus hostem habere, Cs.: et in corpore et extra: illa, quae sunt extra, outward goods.—In the phrase, extra quam: extra quam fiat, etc., except in the case that, etc., C. (lex): extra quam qui eorum, etc., except those of them who, etc., L.: extra quam si nolint fame perire, unless. —    II. Praep., with acc, outside of, without, beyond: Iliacos intra muros peccatur et extra, H.: extra portam Collinam.— Apart from, aside from, out of the way of, beyond: esse extra noxiam, T.: extra famam noxae, L.: extra ruinam esse: extra cotidianam consuetudinem, contrary to, Cs.: extra iocum, jesting apart: extra gloriam, without, Ta. — Except, excepting, besides: optumam progeniem Priamo peperisti extra me (i. e. me exceptā), Enn. ap. C.: extra unam aniculam, T.: extra ea cave vocem mittas, L. I II

I. A. B. 1. b. * 2. II. A. B. 1. * 2.

    extrīnsecus adv.    [exter + secus], from without, from abroad: obiectā terribili re: spiritum adducere: imminens bellum, L.— Without, on the outside: inaurata (columna).

   ad praep. with acc.    [cf. Eng. at].—Of approach (opp. to ab, as in to ex).    I. In space, to, toward: retorquet oculos ad urbem: una pars vergit ad septentriones, Cs.: tendens ad sidera palmas, V. —Fig.: ad alia vitia propensior, more inclined to. —Esp., ad dextram, sinistram, or laevam, to or on the right or left: ito ad dextram, T.: alqd ad dextram conspicere, Cs.: non rectā regione... sed ad laevam, L.—Designating the goal, to, toward: ad ripam convenire, Cs.: vocari ad cenam, H.: ad se adferre: reticulum ad narīs sibi admovebat (cf. accedit ad urbem, he approaches the city; and, accedit provinciae, it is added to the province).— Ad me, te, se, for domum meam, tuam, suam (in T. freq.): eamus ad me, T. — With gen., ellipt.: ad Dianae, to the temple of, T.: ad Castoris currere. — Used for dat: litteras dare ad aliquem, to write one a letter (cf. litteras dare alicui, to give a letter to one): domum ad te scribere: ad primam (epistulam) scribere, to answer.—Hence, librum ad aliquem mittere, scribere, to dedicate a book to one. —In titles, ad aliquem signifies to, addressed to.— With names of towns, ad answers to Whither? for the simple acc., i. e. to the vicinity of, to the neighborhood of: ad Aquinum accedere, approach: ut cum suis copiis iret ad Mutinam. — Of hostile movement or protection, against (cf. adversus): veniri ad se existimantes, Cs.: ipse ad hostem vehitur, N.: Romulus ad regem impetum facit (cf. in), L.: clipeos ad tela protecti obiciunt, V.: ad hos casūs provisa praesidia, Cs.—In war, of manner of fighting: ad pedes pugna venerat, was fought out on foot, L.: equitem ad pedes deducere, L.: pugna ad gladios venerat, L. — Emphatic of distance, to, even to, all the way to: a Salonis ad Oricum portūs... occupavit, Cs.: usque a Dianis ad Sinopum navigare. — Fig.: deverberasse usque ad necem, T.: virgis ad necem caedi.—Of nearness or proximity in gen. (cf. apud), near to, by, at, close by: ad forīs adsistere: Ianum ad infimum Argiletum fecit, L.: quod Romanis ad manum domi supplementum esset, at hand, L.: errantem ad flumina, V.; and ellipt.: pecunia utinam ad Opis maneret! — Of persons: qui primum pilum ad Caesarem duxerat, Cs.: ad me fuit, at my house: ad inferos poenas parricidi luent, among.—So, fig.: ad omnīs nationes sanctum, in the judgment of, Cs.: ut esset ad posteros monumentum, etc., L.: ad urbem esse (of a general outside of the walls): ad urbem cum imperio remanere, Cs.—With names of towns and verbs of rest: pons, qui erat ad Genavam, Cs.; and with an ordinal number and lapis: sepultus ad quintum lapidem, N.—    II. In time, about, toward: domum reductus ad vesperum, toward evening.—Till, until, to, even to, up to: usque ad hanc aetatem: ad multam noctem: amant ad quoddam tempus, until: quem ad finem? how long: ad quartam (sc. horam), H. — Hence, ad id (sc. tempus), till then: ad id dubios servare animos, L.— At, on, in, by: ad horam destinatam, at the appointed hour: frumentum ad diem dare. —    III. In number or amount, near, near to, almost, about, toward (cf. circiter): talenta ad quindecim coëgi, T.: annos ad quadraginta natus.—Adverb.: occisis ad hominum milibus quattuor, Cs.: ad duo milia et trecenti occisi, L.—Of a limit, to, unto, even to (rare): (viaticum) ad assem perdere, to the last farthing, H.: ad denarium solvere. —Esp., ad unum, to a single one, without exception: omnes ad unum idem sentiunt: exosus ad unum Troianos, V. —    IV. In other relations, with regard to, in respect of, in relation to, as to, to, in: ad honorem antecellere: nihil ad rem pertinet.—Ellipt.: rectene an secus, nihil ad nos: Quid ad praetorem? quid ad rem? i. e. what difference does it make? H.: quibus (auxiliaribus) ad pugnam confidebat, Cs.: ad speciem ornatus, ad sensum acerbus: mentis ad omnia caecitas: ad cetera paene gemelli, H.: facultas ad dicendum.—With words denoting measure, weight, manner, model, rule, etc., according to, agreeably to, after: taleis ad certum pondus examinatis, Cs.: ad cursūs lunae describit annum, L.: canere ad tibiam: carmen castigare ad unguem, to perfection (see unguis), H.: ad istorum normam sapientes: ad specus angustiae vallium (i. e. ad specuum similitudinem angustae valles), Cs. — With the cause or reason, according to, at, on, in consequence of, for, in order to: ad horum proces in Boeotiam duxit, on their entreaty, L.: dictis ad fallendum instructis, L.: causae ad discordiam, to produce dissension, T.: ad facinora incendere, S.: ad speciem tabernaculis relictis, for appearance, Cs.: ad id, for this use, as a means to that end, L.: ad id ipsum, for that my purpose, L.: delecto milite ad navīs, marines, L.: puer ad cyathum statuetur, H.: biiugi ad frena leones, yoked in pairs with bits, V.: res quae sunt ad incendia, Cs.: ad communem salutem utilius.—In comparison, to, compared with, in comparison with: terra ad universi caeli complexum: nihil ad tuum equitatum, Caesar.—    V. In adverbial phrases, ad omnia, withal, to crown all: ad omnia tantum advehi auri, etc., L.—Ad hoc and ad haec, moreover, besides, in addition: ad hoc, quos... postremo omnes, quos, etc., S. — Ad id quod, beside that (rare): ad id quod... indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur, L. — Ad tempus, at a definite, fixed time, C., L.; at a fit, appropriate time, L.; for some time, for a short time, L.; according to circumstances. — Ad praesens, for the moment, for a short time.—Ad locum, on the spot: ut ad locum miles esset paratus, L.—Ad verbum, word for word, literally. — Ad summam, on the whole, generally, in general; in a word, in short, C., H.—Ad extremum, ad ultimum, ad postremum, at the end, finally, at last; of place, at the extremity, at the top, at the end: ad extremum (teli) unde ferrum exstabat, L.; of time, at last, finally: ad extremum incipit philosophari; of order, finally, lastly; to the last degree, quite, L. — Quem ad finem? to what limit? how far? how long? Note.—a. Ad rarely follows its acc: quam ad, T.: quos ad, C.: ripam ad Araxis, Ta.—b. In composition, ad- stands before vowels, b, d, f, h, i consonant, m, n, q, v, and mostly before l, r, s; acbefore c; but very often ad- before cl-, cr-, and cu-; ag- or ad- before g; ap- or ad- before p; atbefore t; but a- or ad- before gn, sp, sc, st. I II

    continēns entis, adj. with comp. and sup.    [P. of contineo], bounding, limiting, enclosing: litas, i. e. of the continent, L.: parum locuples continente ripā, H.—Bordering, neighboring, contiguous, near, adjacent: silvae, Cs.: fundus fundo eius: aër mari: ripae collis, Cs.: cum Ciliciā.— Holding together, cohering, connected, continuous, uninterrupted: silvae, Cs.: grex, L.: agmen, L.: ruinae, L.: terra, N.—Fig., in time, following, next, consequent upon: continentibus diebus, Cs.: motus sensui iunctus et continens: timori perpetuo ipsum malum continens fuit, L.—Continual, consecutive, uninterrupted: continenti labore omnia superare, Cs.: imber per noctem totam, L.: e continenti genere, in unbroken descent: continenti impetu, without a pause, Cs.—In character, continent, moderate, temperate: hoc nemo fuit magis continens, T.: continentior in vitā quam in pecuniā, Cs.: Epaminondas, N.: continentissimi homines. I II III

    continēns ntis, f    [1 continens; sc. terra], a mainland, continent: in continentem legatis missis, Cs.: ex continenti, Cs.: in continente, Cs.: continentis regio, L. — Fig., in rhet., the chief point: continentia causarum. I II III

    ēgredior gressus, ī, dep.    [ex + gradior].    I. Intrans, to go out, come forth, march out, go away: ad proelium, Cs.: per medias hostium stationes, L.: extra finīs: ex suis finibus, Cs.: e portu, set sail: a nobis foras, T.: portis, Cs.: Romā: Est urbe egressis tumulus, just outside, V.: unde erant egressi, Cs.: cum senatum egressum vidi, adjourned. — To disembark, land: ex navi, Cs.: ratibus, O.: ad egrediendum locus, Cs.: in terram.— To go up, climb, mount, ascend: scalis, S.: ad summum montis, S.: in tumulum, L.: altius, O. — Fig., to digress, deviate: a proposito. —    II. Trans, to go beyond, pass out of, leave: munitiones, Cs.: flumen, S.: urbem, L.—Fig.: modum, to transgress, Ta.: praeturam, to reach a higher honor than, Ta.

   (exter or exterus, tera, terum) adj.    [ex], on the outside, outward, of another country, foreign, strange. — Only plur: ius nationum exterarum: civitates: regna, V.; see also exterior, extimus, extremus.

    extrēmum adv.    [extremus], at last, finally, C.: liquefacta Tabuit, O.— For the last time: te adfari, V.: Adloquor amicos, O.

    fors fortis (only nom. and abl. except in the name Fors Fortuna), f    [1 FER-], chance, hap, luck, hazard, accident: Quod fors feret, feremus, T.: sed haec, ut fors tulerit: quam sibi sortem fors obiecerit, H.: uti quosque fors conglobaverat, S.: forte quādam Tiberis effusus, L.: Fors fuat pol! may it be so, T.—Person., the goddess of chance: Fors omnia versat, V.: dea Fors, O.—Esp., Fors Fortuna, Good Fortune, with a temple on the Tiber, outside of the city: aedis Fortis Fortunae, L.: Fortunae Fortis honores, O.: casu aut forte fortunā.—Ellipt.: for fors sit, it might happen, perchance, perhaps, peradventure: tu fors, quid me fiat, parvi pendis, T.: Et fors aequatis cepissent praemia rostris, Ni, etc., V.: nunc ille Fors et vota facit, V.; see also forte.

    frōns frontis, f    the forehead, brow, front: frontem contrahere, to knit: Exporge frontem, T.: explicare, H.: ut frontem ferias, smile: ferro inter tempora frontem Dividit, V.: tenuis, a low forehead, H.: (bovis) a mediā fronte, etc., Cs.: ovis, O.: frons turgida cornibus, H.—The brow, front, countenance, expression, face, look: ex voltu et fronte amorem perspicere: verissimā fronte dicere, truthful: reliquiae pristinae frontis: laeta, V.: urbana, H.: durior, shameless, Iu.: salvā fronte, without shame, Iu.: tabella quae frontīs aperit hominum, mentīs tegit.—The forepart, front, façade, van, face: castrorum, Cs.: ianuae, O.: tabernae, Ct.: scaena ut versis discedat frontibus, V.: cohortīs, S.: unā fronte castra muniunt, only in front, Cs.: recta, the centre (of an army), L.: prima, L.: dextra, Ta.: aequā fronte ad pugnam procedebat, L.: Mille pedes in fronte, breadth, H.: inpulsa frons prima, vanguard, L.: superasse tantum itineris pulchrum ac decorum in frontem, i. e. favorable for an advance, Ta.: Fronte sub adversā scopulis pendentibus antrum, V.: a tergo, fronte, lateribus tenebitur, in front: a fronte atque ab utroque latere, Cs.: frontes geminae, i. e. the ends (of a rolled manuscript), Tb., O.: nigra, O.—Fig., the outside, exterior, external quality, appearance: Scauro studet, sed utrum fronte an mente, dubitatur: decipit Frons prima multos, Ph. I II

    pellis is, f    a skin, hide, felt, pelt: rugosa (ranae), Ph.: caprina: pelles pro velis, Cs.: fulvique insternor pelle leonis, V.: deformem pro cute pellem aspice, Iu.—Prov.: Detrahere pellem, i. e. to expose one's real nature, H.: Introrsum turpis, speciosus pelle decorā, with a showy outside, H.: in propriā pelle quiescere, to rest contented, H.—Tanned hide, leather, skin: ruptā calceus alter Pelle patet, Iu.: pecore compulso pellium nomine, to obtain leather (for shields): pes in pelle natet, in the shoe, O.—In the phrase, sub pellibus (because the winter tents were covered with skins), in winter tents, in camp, C., Cs.—A leathern sandal-tie, shoe-latchet, H.

    prōvincia ae, f    an office, duty, pursuit, charge, business, province: dura, T.: sibi provinciam depoposcit, ut me trucidaret.—A public office, appointment, charge, commission, administration, employment, command: urbana: cui classis provincia evenerat, L.: Aquilio Hernici provincia evenit, i. e. were assigned, L.: ut alteri consulum Italia bellumque cum Hannibale provincia esset, sphere of action, L.: quasi provincias atomis dare, methods of action.—Esp., the government of a territory outside of Italy by one who had served as magistrate in Rome, provincial government, territorial administration, command in the name of the Roman people: in quibus (locis) provinciam administras: numerum annorum provinciis prorogavit: provinciae rudis: provinciam deposuit, resigned: consularis, governed by an ex-consul.—A territory governed by a magistrate from Rome, province: Sicilia prima omnium provincia est appellata: provincia Syria: in provinciam cum imperio proficisci.