aplinus

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `great, big',

Other forms: μεγάλη, μέγα

Dialectal forms: Myc. mezo

Compounds: Comp. μέζων, Att. μείζων (after κρείττων, ἀμείνων a. o.; cf. Schwyzer 538), sup. μέγιστος (Il.); cf. Seiler Steigerungsformen 63. Compp., e.g. μεγά-θυμος `with great mind' (Hom.), μεγαλ-ήτωρ `magnanimous' (Il.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 135), μεγαλό-φρων `magnanimous' (Att.; Hom. μέγα φρονέων, cf. Leumann Hom. Wörter 119f.), μεγιστό-τιμος `with highest honour' (A.).

Derivatives: 1. From μεγα-: μέγεθος (cf. πλῆ-θος; - ε- vowelassim. ? Schwyzer 255), Hdt. μέγαθος, n. `greatness, sublimity' (Il.) with μεγεθ-ικός `quantitative' (Arist.-Comm.), - ύνω `magnify', pass. `become exalted' (after μεγαλύνω, late), - όομαι = μεγαλύνομαι (medic., S. E.); PN Μέγης with patron. Μεγάδης (Il.). 2. From μεγαλο-: μεγαλ-εῖος `grand(iose)' (Pl., X., Plb.; after ἀνδρεῖος enlarged) with - ειότης `highness, majesty' (LXX); μεγάλ-ωμα n. `greatness, power' (LXX; direct from μεγαλο-, cf. Chantraine Form. 187; diff. Georgacas Glotta 36, 169), - ωσύνη `id.' (LXX, Aristeas; - ω- analog., Schwyzer 529), - ωστί adv. `magnificently' (Schwyzer 624, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 250). 3. From μέγιστος: μεγιστᾶνες m. pl. (rarely - άν sg.) `great lords, magnates' (Men., LXX, NT; after the PN in - ᾶνες, Björck Alpha impurum 55, 278ff.; diff. Schaeder in Schwyzer 521 n. 5), PN Μεγιστ-ώ f. (Emp. [personification], pap.), - ίας, - εύς (Boßhardt 92); μεγιστεύω `be(come) very great' (App.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [708] *meǵh₂-

Etymology: With μέγα, μέγας agrees Arm. mec `great', instr. meca-w, (a-stem); also Skt. máhi n. `great' (with h from - gh₂-; cf. below) can be equated as IE *mégh₂-. In Germanic the word lives on in OWNo. mjǫk `very', PGm. *meḱu, with secondary -u after * felu, Goth. filu `many' (s. πολύς). A reshaping after the i-stems shows Hitt. me-ik-ki n. `very', -iš `great'. Here also the Illyr. PN Mag-aplinus (Krahe IF 57, 117 f.). -- The final -α from -h₂ is the zero grade of -ā in Skt. mahā- `great' (as 1. member), mahā-nt- `id.'; the effect of a laryngeal (h₂) after g was aspiration in Skt (with gh \> h. As innovations to μέγα, μέγας, - αν are immediately understandable; the other forms have an l-enlargement which makes the inflexion easier, which is found in Germanic, e.g. Goth. mikils `grat' (PGm. * mekilaz) and in the synonymous Lith. dìdelis `grat' (from dìdis `id.'). Against the assumption of a common origin (Brugmann, Osthoff, Schulze a. o.) Walde(-P.) 2, 257, who rather assumes independent innovations (after χθαμαλός resp. from * mikins; rather then with Thurneysen KZ 48, 61 after leitils `small'). -- Further forms, for Greek uninteresting, in WP. 2, 257ff., Pok. 708f., W.-Hofmann s. magnus. Cf. ἀγα-. On μεγαίρω s. v.

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Grammatical information: adj. (ptc.)

Meaning: `weak, powerless' (Ο 24 a. 245, ε 457), - έουσα (τ 356).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [52] * h₂pel- `strength'

Etymology: From ὀλιγ-ηπελής (AP, Opp.) metr. enlarged (Schwyzer 724, Leumann Hom. Wörter 116 n. 83, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 349). From there ὀλιγηπελ-ίη f. `weakness, impotence' (ε 468). Thus εὑηπελ-ίη f. `strength, thriving' (Call.: εὑηπελής H.), opposite κακηπελ-ίη, - έων (Nic.); also ἀνηπελίη ἀσθένεια H. and νηπελέω = ἀδυνατέω (Hp.). Since Düntzer KZ 13, 17 f. ( ὀλιγ)-ηπελής is derived from a noun *ἄπελος n. `strength' (with comp. lengthening; Schwyzer 447) and connected with Germ., e.g. OWNo. afl, OE afol n. `strength'; here alo El. (Illyr.?) PN Τευτί-απλος, Illyr. PN Mag-aplinus etc. As however the Germ. words on the other hand must be connected with Lat. ops, opus etc., the Gr. ἀ- would be unclear. -- Here still the denominative ἀν-απελάζω in ἀναπελάσας ἀναρρωσθείς H. -- Details w. further lit. in Bechtel Lex. s. v., WP. 1, 176, Pok. 52, W.-Hofmann s. epulum and ops. Cf. also on νήπιος. - This leads to the reconstruction * h₂pel- (with νηπελ-έω \< *n̥-h₂pel-); the connection with Lat. ops may have to be abandoned.

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Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: gods name (Il.)

Other forms: Voc. ῎Απολλον.

Dialectal forms: In Myc. perh. ] perjo[ \/A]pely[on-\/, Ruijgh Études 56. Άπέλλων (Dor.), Άπείλων (Cypr.), Ἄπλουν (Thess.)

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Since J. Schmidt KZ 32, 327ff. explained from the voc. Ἄπολλον, itself assimilated from Ἄπελλον, cf. PN Άπελλίων, Άπελλῆς etc. Cypr. Άπείλων points to *Άπέλι̯ων as the basis of Dor. Άπέλλων; Thess. Ἄπλουν perhaps from (Pre-Greek) Apel-on- (Ruijgh, ap. Beekes, below).- There is no IE etymology. One tried connection with *ἄπελος `Kraft', (in ὀλιγηπελίη, q.v.) and Germanic e. g. in awno. afi n. `Kraft' (Kretschmer Glotta 13, 242 A. 1; 15,191; 18, 205; 27, 32; 31, 102); also Illyrian PN, as Mag- aplinus, Aplo etc. (Krahe IF 57, 117f.). Criticism by Sommer IF 55, 176 A. 2 and Nilsson, s. below). - Improbable Solders Arch. f. Religionswiss. 32, 142ff. (to ἀπέλλαι σηκοί H., orig. "Steinfügung", from α copulativum and πέλλα λίθος H., because of the holy stones in the cult of Apollon; s. Kretschmer Glotta 27, 32). See also Bq. As Apollon was assumed to come from Asia Minor, one looked there for a connection. But Lyd. Pλdans Artimuk (s. on Ἄρτεμις) had initial q-. - Cf. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 498ff. (esp. 523ff.); Chantraine L'Ant. class. 22, 68. - Burkert's idea that the name was derived from ἀμέλλαι is impossible (Beekes, Journ. Anc. Near Eastern Rel. 2, 2003). The name is prob. Pre-Greek, and Hitt. ] appaliunas, in a treaty between Alaksandus of Wilusa and the Hittite king, may well be the Pre-Greek proto-form (Apal^yun).

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