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1 ἄτοπος
ἄτοπος, ον (s. τόπος; Eur., Pre-Socr. et al.; pap, LXX [Job; Pr 30:20; 2 Macc 14:23], Philo, Joseph., Just., Tat., Ath.; Ath. R. 73, 15 al.) from the perception of someth. ‘not in its proper place’, ‘out of place’, it is but a short step to the metaph. sense of someth. that is ‘unusual’, i.e. does not correspond to normal expectation (τόπος; cp. the wordplay τρία σώματα ἔσται ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ τόπῳ ἀτοπωτάτου τούτου ὑπάρχοντος Albinus 11).① pert. to being out of the ordinary, unusual, surprising (Thu. 3, 38, 5; Pla., Leg. 1 p. 646b; PTebt 800, 37), ‘abnormal’, or ‘hazardous’ (Thu. 2, 49, 2; Herodian 4, 11, 4; Jos., Ant. 8, 378 the enemies of Samuel are not able to sustain any charges of ‘unusual’ conduct; 11, 134 of hazards that might befall travelers) μηδὲν ἄ. εἰς αὐτὸν γινόμενον nothing unusual happened to him Ac 28:6 (the normal expectation in the case of a pers. bitten by a poisonous snake would be extraordinary divine retribution, s. vs 4). Cp. the self-vindication of the Roman poet Horace after a wolf fled from him (Odes 1, 22, 9–12).② pert. to being behaviorally out of place, evil, wrong, improper (Plut., Mor. 27f; SEG XLI, 328, 41; PPetr II, 19 (1a), 5f; UPZ 5, 12 [163 B.C.]; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 53; Jos., Ant. 6, 88; Job 11:11; 35:13) (w. πονηρός) ἄνθρωποι 2 Th 3:2; ποιεῖν τὰ ἄ. (Polyb. 5, 11, 1; Job 34:12) do what is improper Pol 5:3; οὐδὲν ἄ. ἔπραξεν (ἄ. πράσσειν: Dio Chrys. 10 [11], 65; Aristipp. in Diog. L. 2, 93; PPetr III, 43 (3), 17f [III B.C.]; UPZ 5, 12; BGU 757, 21 [12 A.D.]; PBrem 2:12 [II A.D.]; Job 27:6; Pr 30:20; 2 Macc 14:23) Lk 23:41; cp. Ac 25:5. ἄτοπόν ἐστιν it is wrong, absurd (Philo, Mos. 1, 308) IMg 10:3.—DELG s.v. τόπος. M-M. -
2 ἔχιδνα
ἔχιδνα, ης, ἡ (Hes.; Hdt.+; Aq. Is 59:5; TestAbr A; Just., A I, 60, 2; Tat. 18, 2; Ath. 20, 3; loanw. in rabb.) snake, our texts do not permit identification of species, but the term ordinarily suggests a poisonous one: prob. vipera ammodytes, commonly known as sandviper (Diod S 4, 38, 2; Conon [I B.C./I A.D.] Fgm. 1, 8 ; Lucian, Alex. 10; Artem. 2, 13) Ac 28:3 (present-day Malta has no poisonous snakes, but Kephallenia, the site of Paul’s shipwreck as determined by HWarnecke [Romfahrt 145–56], has the species vip. ammod., Romfahrt 108–10; 152–54).—Fig. of persons (Aeschyl., Choeph. 994; Eur., Ion 1262) γεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν brood of vipers (cp. Theophyl. Sim., Ep. 73 τὰ τῆς ἐχίδνης κυήματα; AcPlCor 2:38) Mt 3:7; 12:34; 23:33; Lk 3:7.—OKeller, Die antike Tierwelt II, 1913, 284–557; NHenkel, Studien zum Physiologus im Mittelalter ’76, 181–85 (ancient sources); Pauly-W. III A 1, 1927, 494–57.—B. 194. M-M. TW. -
3 κνώψ
κνώψ, κνωπόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: a wild animal, of snakes a. o. (Nic. Th.).Derivatives: κνωπεύς ἄρκτος. ἔνιοι κνουπεύς (H.; cf. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 85). Here also κυνοῦπες ἄρκτος (for - οι?). Μακεδόνες H. Further also κινώπετον `poisonous animal, snake'.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Not a cross of κνώδαλον and another word ( κλώψ, κνίψ, σήψ). Acc. to Fick 3, 97 and Persson Beitr. 1, 139 to OWNo. ( hnafa), pret. hnōf `cut off'. Wrong Baunack Phil. 70, 456f. With sec. vowel also prob. κινώπετον. The variant forms point to a Pre-Greek word. On sec. vowels in Pre-Greek Fur. 383f.Page in Frisk: 1,888Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κνώψ
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4 κνωπός
κνώψ, κνωπόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: a wild animal, of snakes a. o. (Nic. Th.).Derivatives: κνωπεύς ἄρκτος. ἔνιοι κνουπεύς (H.; cf. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 85). Here also κυνοῦπες ἄρκτος (for - οι?). Μακεδόνες H. Further also κινώπετον `poisonous animal, snake'.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Not a cross of κνώδαλον and another word ( κλώψ, κνίψ, σήψ). Acc. to Fick 3, 97 and Persson Beitr. 1, 139 to OWNo. ( hnafa), pret. hnōf `cut off'. Wrong Baunack Phil. 70, 456f. With sec. vowel also prob. κινώπετον. The variant forms point to a Pre-Greek word. On sec. vowels in Pre-Greek Fur. 383f.Page in Frisk: 1,888Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κνωπός
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5 πίμπρημι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to blow (on), to blow up, to stoke up, to kindle, to burn' (Il.).Other forms: Inf. - άναι (IA.), also - άω (X., Plb.), ipf. ἐν-έπρηθον (I 589), fut. πρήσω, aor. πρῆσαι (Il.), pass. aor. πρησθῆναι, perf. πέπρησμαι, - ημαι (IA., also Epid.), perf. act. πέπρηκα (Hp.).Compounds: Often w. prefix, esp. ἐν-.Derivatives: 1. πρηστήρ, - ῆρος m. `heavy gale, hurricane, sparking bolt, lightning' (Hes.), also `bellows, jugular' and name of a snake that causes inflammation (Arist., Ds.; Fraenkel IF 32, 108 f. a. 120) with πρηστηριάζω `to burn by lightning' (Hdn. Epim.); ἐμπρηστής m. `incendiary' (Aq., Ptol.). 2. πρῆσις (mostly ἔμ-πίμπρημι) f. `blowing up, ignation, inflammation' (IA., Aret.); 3. ἐμπρησμός m. `ignation, inflammation' (hell.); 4. πρῆσμα n., - μονή f. `id.' (Gal., Hippiatr.); παραπρή(σ)ματα n. pl. `inflammations on the legs of horses' (pap.). 5. πρηστικός `blowing up' (Hp. ap. Gal.). Also 6. πρηδών, - όνος f. `inflammatory swelling' (Nic., Aret.; Chantraine Form. 361) and, with μ-suffix, πρημαίνω `blowing intensively' (Ar. Nu. 336 [lyr.], Herod.), πρημονάω about `to snore, to roar' (Herod.), as from *πρῆ-μα, *πρη-μονή. -- As 2. member in βού-πρηστις, - ιδος. - εως f. "inflammatress of cows" name of a poisonous insect (Hp.); on the formation cf. βού-βρωστις. On the simplex πρῆστις, which a.o. is attested as fishname beside πρίστις, s. Strömberg Fischn. 44 w. lit., also Thompson Fishes s. v.Etymology: The series πίμπρημι: πιμπράναι: πρήσω: πρῆσαι: πρησθῆναι: πρήθω agrees exactly to that of πίμπλημι: πιμπλάναι etc.; s.v. and Schwyzer 688f., 703 a. 761 w. further details. How the individual forms are to be evaluated and how the system was formed, cannot be reconstructed as there are no agreeing forms outside Greek. For comparison many words with pr- have been adduced, e.g. Skt. próthati `cough, sneeze', pruṣṇóti `sprinkle', Germ., e.g. OWNo. frūsa, frysa, Swed. frusta `sneeze', Hitt. parāi- ( prāi-?) `breathe, blow, stir up'. Orig. onomatop. as still (with retained pr-) LG. prusten. -- Several further forms w. lit. in Bq s. v., WP. 2, 27 f., Pok. 809.Page in Frisk: 2,538-539Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πίμπρημι
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