892

גְּדִיm. (b. h.) 1) kid, in gen. young animal. Ḥull. 113ab (ref. to Gen. 38:17) כאן ג׳ עזיםוכ׳ here it reads gdi izzim from which we learn that wherever gdi without any qualification is used, it includes cow and sheep. Men.XIII, 7; a. fr.Pl. גְּדָיִם, גְּדָיִים. Snh.11a; Tosef. ib. II, 4 מפני הג׳וכ׳ on account of the kids or lambs (being too young for offerings on Passover).Y. ib. X, 28b bot.; Gen. R. s. 42, a. e. אם אין ג׳ אין תישים when there will be no kids (young students), there will be no wethers (leaders, scholars). Y. ib. I, 19a top ג׳ שהנחתוכ׳ the kids (young scholars) thou hast left behind (in Palestine) have grown to be wethers; a. e.Trnsf. the tender grain in its husks. Pesik. Asser p. 99b>; Tanḥ. Reh 17; Yalk. Deut. 892 (homiletic interpret. of Deut. 15:21) אל תגרמו לי לבשל ג׳וכ׳ do not cause me to ripen the grains in their mothers womb (husks, so as to be blown out by the East wind). 2) the Capricorn, a sign in the Zodiac. Pesik. R. s. 20. Yalk. Ex. 418; Kings 185. (Yalk. Num. 785 הרי נכנס הזאב לגדי, v. גדיגוד.

גְּדִיm. (b. h.) 1) kid, in gen. young animal. Ḥull. 113ab (ref. to Gen. 38:17) כאן ג׳ עזיםוכ׳ here it reads gdi izzim from which we learn that wherever gdi without any qualification is used, it includes cow and sheep. Men.XIII, 7; a. fr.Pl. גְּדָיִם, גְּדָיִים. Snh.11a; Tosef. ib. II, 4 מפני הג׳וכ׳ on account of the kids or lambs (being too young for offerings on Passover).Y. ib. X, 28b bot.; Gen. R. s. 42, a. e. אם אין ג׳ אין תישים when there will be no kids (young students), there will be no wethers (leaders, scholars). Y. ib. I, 19a top ג׳ שהנחתוכ׳ the kids (young scholars) thou hast left behind (in Palestine) have grown to be wethers; a. e.Trnsf. the tender grain in its husks. Pesik. Asser p. 99b>; Tanḥ. Reh 17; Yalk. Deut. 892 (homiletic interpret. of Deut. 15:21) אל תגרמו לי לבשל ג׳וכ׳ do not cause me to ripen the grains in their mothers womb (husks, so as to be blown out by the East wind). 2) the Capricorn, a sign in the Zodiac. Pesik. R. s. 20. Yalk. Ex. 418; Kings 185. (Yalk. Num. 785 הרי נכנס הזאב לגדי, v. גדיגוד.

דוי, דָּוָה(b. h.; cmp. דָּאַב) (to drip, melt away, to mourn, repine. Nidd.23b (ref. to Deut. 21:17 אֹנוֹ, cmp. דְּוַי) מי שלבו דָוֶה עליו a child over whose death his (the fathers) heart is grieved. Ber.16b אל יִדְיֶה לבנו may our heart not sink. Kidd.81b יִדְווּ כל הדָּוִוים let all those mourn who feel the affliction; Naz.23a. Yeb.47a the Israelites … are דווים (some ed. דְּווּיִים, Part. pass.) broken down (under persecution). Gen. R. s. 60; s. 74; a. fr. Nif. נִדְוֶוה to be afflicted. Pesik. Asser, p. 96a> על אותו האיששנ׳ over this man (me) in his affliction; Tanḥ. Reeh ed. Bub. 7 (Tanḥ. ib. 10 שנידוהו, Yalk. Deut. 892; Prov. 962 שנדוהו, corr. acc.). Hif. הִדְוֶה to afflict. Y.R. Hash. I, 57b bot. מַדְוֶה להוכ׳ afflicts it (the year, causes prayers and fasting from fear of failure of the crop) in its beginning.

דוי, דָּוָה(b. h.; cmp. דָּאַב) (to drip, melt away, to mourn, repine. Nidd.23b (ref. to Deut. 21:17 אֹנוֹ, cmp. דְּוַי) מי שלבו דָוֶה עליו a child over whose death his (the fathers) heart is grieved. Ber.16b אל יִדְיֶה לבנו may our heart not sink. Kidd.81b יִדְווּ כל הדָּוִוים let all those mourn who feel the affliction; Naz.23a. Yeb.47a the Israelites … are דווים (some ed. דְּווּיִים, Part. pass.) broken down (under persecution). Gen. R. s. 60; s. 74; a. fr. Nif. נִדְוֶוה to be afflicted. Pesik. Asser, p. 96a> על אותו האיששנ׳ over this man (me) in his affliction; Tanḥ. Reeh ed. Bub. 7 (Tanḥ. ib. 10 שנידוהו, Yalk. Deut. 892; Prov. 962 שנדוהו, corr. acc.). Hif. הִדְוֶה to afflict. Y.R. Hash. I, 57b bot. מַדְוֶה להוכ׳ afflicts it (the year, causes prayers and fasting from fear of failure of the crop) in its beginning.

דוי, דָּוָה(b. h.; cmp. דָּאַב) (to drip, melt away, to mourn, repine. Nidd.23b (ref. to Deut. 21:17 אֹנוֹ, cmp. דְּוַי) מי שלבו דָוֶה עליו a child over whose death his (the fathers) heart is grieved. Ber.16b אל יִדְיֶה לבנו may our heart not sink. Kidd.81b יִדְווּ כל הדָּוִוים let all those mourn who feel the affliction; Naz.23a. Yeb.47a the Israelites … are דווים (some ed. דְּווּיִים, Part. pass.) broken down (under persecution). Gen. R. s. 60; s. 74; a. fr. Nif. נִדְוֶוה to be afflicted. Pesik. Asser, p. 96a> על אותו האיששנ׳ over this man (me) in his affliction; Tanḥ. Reeh ed. Bub. 7 (Tanḥ. ib. 10 שנידוהו, Yalk. Deut. 892; Prov. 962 שנדוהו, corr. acc.). Hif. הִדְוֶה to afflict. Y.R. Hash. I, 57b bot. מַדְוֶה להוכ׳ afflicts it (the year, causes prayers and fasting from fear of failure of the crop) in its beginning.

וָהּ(הֲוָהּ) וָוהּ (interj.; cmp. b. h. הָהּ, הֶאָח) vah (hăvah), an exclamation of pleasure; ah!, contradist. to וַוי (woe!). Lam. R. to I, 5 למה אמרת ווי אמר וה אמרי (Ar. וַאי) why didst thou exclaim, Vay (woe!)? Said he, I said Vah. Ib. בין וי לוהוכ׳ between Vay and Vah R. Joḥ. escaped.Pesik. Asser, p. 97b> בתחלה הם אומרים וה ולבסוף הם אומרים וי at first (on entering the hot and again the cold place) they say Vah (how pleasant!), but finally they say Vay (woe!); Tanḥ. Reh 13 הוה; Tanḥ. ed. Bub., ib. 10; Yalk. Deut. 892; (diff. versions: Y.Snh.X, 29b bot.; Yalk. Ps. 737). Pesik. l. c. (play on הַיָּוֵן, Ps. 40:3) ממקום שאומרים ווה וּוַי (not שאומר) from the place where they (the wicked) say Vah and (then) Vay; Tanḥ. ed. Bub. l. c.; וה וּיַיי Tanḥ. l. c. (corr. acc.); Yalk. Deut. l. c. הי ווי; (differ. vers, in Yalk. Ps. l. c. a. Y. l. c.).

וָהּ(הֲוָהּ) וָוהּ (interj.; cmp. b. h. הָהּ, הֶאָח) vah (hăvah), an exclamation of pleasure; ah!, contradist. to וַוי (woe!). Lam. R. to I, 5 למה אמרת ווי אמר וה אמרי (Ar. וַאי) why didst thou exclaim, Vay (woe!)? Said he, I said Vah. Ib. בין וי לוהוכ׳ between Vay and Vah R. Joḥ. escaped.Pesik. Asser, p. 97b> בתחלה הם אומרים וה ולבסוף הם אומרים וי at first (on entering the hot and again the cold place) they say Vah (how pleasant!), but finally they say Vay (woe!); Tanḥ. Reh 13 הוה; Tanḥ. ed. Bub., ib. 10; Yalk. Deut. 892; (diff. versions: Y.Snh.X, 29b bot.; Yalk. Ps. 737). Pesik. l. c. (play on הַיָּוֵן, Ps. 40:3) ממקום שאומרים ווה וּוַי (not שאומר) from the place where they (the wicked) say Vah and (then) Vay; Tanḥ. ed. Bub. l. c.; וה וּיַיי Tanḥ. l. c. (corr. acc.); Yalk. Deut. l. c. הי ווי; (differ. vers, in Yalk. Ps. l. c. a. Y. l. c.).

וָהּ(הֲוָהּ) וָוהּ (interj.; cmp. b. h. הָהּ, הֶאָח) vah (hăvah), an exclamation of pleasure; ah!, contradist. to וַוי (woe!). Lam. R. to I, 5 למה אמרת ווי אמר וה אמרי (Ar. וַאי) why didst thou exclaim, Vay (woe!)? Said he, I said Vah. Ib. בין וי לוהוכ׳ between Vay and Vah R. Joḥ. escaped.Pesik. Asser, p. 97b> בתחלה הם אומרים וה ולבסוף הם אומרים וי at first (on entering the hot and again the cold place) they say Vah (how pleasant!), but finally they say Vay (woe!); Tanḥ. Reh 13 הוה; Tanḥ. ed. Bub., ib. 10; Yalk. Deut. 892; (diff. versions: Y.Snh.X, 29b bot.; Yalk. Ps. 737). Pesik. l. c. (play on הַיָּוֵן, Ps. 40:3) ממקום שאומרים ווה וּוַי (not שאומר) from the place where they (the wicked) say Vah and (then) Vay; Tanḥ. ed. Bub. l. c.; וה וּיַיי Tanḥ. l. c. (corr. acc.); Yalk. Deut. l. c. הי ווי; (differ. vers, in Yalk. Ps. l. c. a. Y. l. c.).

כּוּבָּאI, כֻּבָּא ch. sam( כּוּב m. (כָּבַב, v. כְּבַב) thorn, a prickly saltplant). Targ. Prov. 26:9 (h. text חוח).Gen. R. s. 44; Yalk. Jer. 285 (prov.) עד דסנדלך … כ׳ while the sandal is on thy foot, tread the thorn down; Pesik. Asser, p. 99b> כבוש בופה (corr. acc.); Yalk. Deut. 892.Pl. כּוּבִּין, כּוּבַּיָּא, כּוּבֵּי, כֻּבּ׳. Targ. Gen. 3:18 (some ed. כּוּבִין, incorr.). Targ. 2 Sam. 23:6. Targ. Hos. 2:8.Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 1), v. גְּבַב,Y.Ab. Zar. V, 44d לאילין כ׳, v. סְדַר. Ib. bot. סייגין כ׳ (read דכ׳) hedges of thornbushes. Gen. R. s. 2 (ref. to Gen. 1:2) עד דהיא פגה אפיקת כ׳ while she (the earth) was yet in her incipiency, she produced thorns; Yalk. Gen. 4 כובה (corr. acc.); Yalk. Jer. 274 כובי; Yalk. Prov. 959.

כּוּבָּאI, כֻּבָּא ch. sam( כּוּב m. (כָּבַב, v. כְּבַב) thorn, a prickly saltplant). Targ. Prov. 26:9 (h. text חוח).Gen. R. s. 44; Yalk. Jer. 285 (prov.) עד דסנדלך … כ׳ while the sandal is on thy foot, tread the thorn down; Pesik. Asser, p. 99b> כבוש בופה (corr. acc.); Yalk. Deut. 892.Pl. כּוּבִּין, כּוּבַּיָּא, כּוּבֵּי, כֻּבּ׳. Targ. Gen. 3:18 (some ed. כּוּבִין, incorr.). Targ. 2 Sam. 23:6. Targ. Hos. 2:8.Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 1), v. גְּבַב,Y.Ab. Zar. V, 44d לאילין כ׳, v. סְדַר. Ib. bot. סייגין כ׳ (read דכ׳) hedges of thornbushes. Gen. R. s. 2 (ref. to Gen. 1:2) עד דהיא פגה אפיקת כ׳ while she (the earth) was yet in her incipiency, she produced thorns; Yalk. Gen. 4 כובה (corr. acc.); Yalk. Jer. 274 כובי; Yalk. Prov. 959.

פָּחַת 1) to hollow out, dig. Bets.IV, 4 (32a) אין פּוֹחֲתִין את הנר (Mish. פיתתין, corr. acc.) you must not hollow out a lump of clay to make it a candlestick (on the Holy Day). Ib. 3 פּיֹחֵת לכתחלה he may start to dig out (take out closely packed fruit), v. infra. Mikv. IV, 5 פְּחָתוּהָ they hollowed it out (widened the aperture in the rock through which the water came forth); Y.Yeb.I, end, 3b (Bab. ib. 15a הרחיבוה). Mikv. l. c. עד שיִפְחוֹת רובה (ed. Dehr. a. Mish. ed. ער שיִפְחֲתוּ) until the larger portion of the aperture is chiselled out; Y. Yeb. l. c. שיפחות את רובה; Bab. ib. l. c. שתִּיפָּחֵת ברובה; a. e. 2) to diminish, lessen, decrease, opp. הוסיף. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 2 שלא תִפְחוֹת ולא תוסיף from which you must not diminish, and to which you must not add. Sabb.21b פּוֹחֵת והולך one kindles one light less every night. Meg.IV, 1, sq. אין פּוֹחֲתִיןוכ׳ we call up no less (than the number named) nor more. Y.Yeb.IV, 6a bot. חמרתה (ה) פּוֹחֶתֶת אינה פוחתתוכ׳ a sheass, if short (whose period of pregnance is the shortest possible) gives birth not earlier than a lunar year from conception, if long, not later than a solar year; Y.Nidd.I, 49b top. Pes.X, 1 ולא יִפְחֲתוּ לו מארבעוכ׳ and they must give him (the poor man) no less than four cupfuls of wine. B. Kam.85b שבת הפּוֹחֲתַתּוֹ בדמים (not הפח׳) if the idleness enforced by being wounded has also the effect of lessening his value (if he were to be sold as a slave). Shek. V, 4 אם פָּחֲתוּ פחתו לו Y. ed. (differ. in Mishn. ed.) if money is missing, the loss is his. Tanḥ. Reh 10 פ׳ הוא עשרה ופָחֲתָה היאוכ׳ he gave ten measures less as tithe, and it (the field) yielded one hundred less; Yalk. Deut. 892; a. v. fr.Tanḥ. l. c. מי פחת, v. next w.V. פָּחוּת. Pi. פִּיחֵת same, 1) to diminish, lessen. Ter. IV, 4 פי׳ עשרהוכ׳ (Y. ed. פחת) if he set aside as Trumah ten fractions less (than 1/50, i. e. 1/60), or ten fractions more (i. e. 1/40), Maim.; (R. S. if he reduced the divisor by ten (i. e. set aside 1/40), or increased the divisor by ten (i. e. set aside 1/60); Y. ib. 42d bot. הפּוֹחֵת אחד מעשרה. 2) to be diminished, lose. Lev. R. s. 2 כלום פי׳ כבודיוכ׳ has my glory or my majesty lost anything ? Nif. נִפְחַת 1) to be hollowed out, broken through. Yeb.15a שתִּיפָּחֵת, v. supra. Ḥull.45a נִפְחֲתָה כדלת if a piece of the windpipe is broken through in the shape of a door (split on three sides and attached by the fourth side). Bets.IV, 3 בית … ונ׳ a room which was packed with fruits and closed up (with bricks), and which was burst open (the bricks giving way to the pressure), v. supra. 2) to be reduced in size, numbers ; to be lowered. Succ.18a ביתשנ׳ a building which has been reduced (the walls of which have given way partly). Sot.5a bot. כל אדם … לבסוף נ׳ every man in whom there is haughtiness, will finally be lowered; a. e. Hif. הִפְחִית 1) to lessen, wear out, damage. Y.B. Mets.II, 8d top כלי נחשת … מפני שמַפְחִיתָן if one found copper vessels (keeping them until the owner be found), he may use them for hot water, but not over fire, because he wears them out; (Bab. ib. 30a שמשחיקן); a. e. 2) (denom. of פָּחוּת) to become less, be damaged. Succ.18b ה׳ דופן אמצעי if the middle wall (of a Succah) became reduced (fell in, v. supra); a. e.

פָּחַת 1) to hollow out, dig. Bets.IV, 4 (32a) אין פּוֹחֲתִין את הנר (Mish. פיתתין, corr. acc.) you must not hollow out a lump of clay to make it a candlestick (on the Holy Day). Ib. 3 פּיֹחֵת לכתחלה he may start to dig out (take out closely packed fruit), v. infra. Mikv. IV, 5 פְּחָתוּהָ they hollowed it out (widened the aperture in the rock through which the water came forth); Y.Yeb.I, end, 3b (Bab. ib. 15a הרחיבוה). Mikv. l. c. עד שיִפְחוֹת רובה (ed. Dehr. a. Mish. ed. ער שיִפְחֲתוּ) until the larger portion of the aperture is chiselled out; Y. Yeb. l. c. שיפחות את רובה; Bab. ib. l. c. שתִּיפָּחֵת ברובה; a. e. 2) to diminish, lessen, decrease, opp. הוסיף. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod., s. 2 שלא תִפְחוֹת ולא תוסיף from which you must not diminish, and to which you must not add. Sabb.21b פּוֹחֵת והולך one kindles one light less every night. Meg.IV, 1, sq. אין פּוֹחֲתִיןוכ׳ we call up no less (than the number named) nor more. Y.Yeb.IV, 6a bot. חמרתה (ה) פּוֹחֶתֶת אינה פוחתתוכ׳ a sheass, if short (whose period of pregnance is the shortest possible) gives birth not earlier than a lunar year from conception, if long, not later than a solar year; Y.Nidd.I, 49b top. Pes.X, 1 ולא יִפְחֲתוּ לו מארבעוכ׳ and they must give him (the poor man) no less than four cupfuls of wine. B. Kam.85b שבת הפּוֹחֲתַתּוֹ בדמים (not הפח׳) if the idleness enforced by being wounded has also the effect of lessening his value (if he were to be sold as a slave). Shek. V, 4 אם פָּחֲתוּ פחתו לו Y. ed. (differ. in Mishn. ed.) if money is missing, the loss is his. Tanḥ. Reh 10 פ׳ הוא עשרה ופָחֲתָה היאוכ׳ he gave ten measures less as tithe, and it (the field) yielded one hundred less; Yalk. Deut. 892; a. v. fr.Tanḥ. l. c. מי פחת, v. next w.V. פָּחוּת. Pi. פִּיחֵת same, 1) to diminish, lessen. Ter. IV, 4 פי׳ עשרהוכ׳ (Y. ed. פחת) if he set aside as Trumah ten fractions less (than 1/50, i. e. 1/60), or ten fractions more (i. e. 1/40), Maim.; (R. S. if he reduced the divisor by ten (i. e. set aside 1/40), or increased the divisor by ten (i. e. set aside 1/60); Y. ib. 42d bot. הפּוֹחֵת אחד מעשרה. 2) to be diminished, lose. Lev. R. s. 2 כלום פי׳ כבודיוכ׳ has my glory or my majesty lost anything ? Nif. נִפְחַת 1) to be hollowed out, broken through. Yeb.15a שתִּיפָּחֵת, v. supra. Ḥull.45a נִפְחֲתָה כדלת if a piece of the windpipe is broken through in the shape of a door (split on three sides and attached by the fourth side). Bets.IV, 3 בית … ונ׳ a room which was packed with fruits and closed up (with bricks), and which was burst open (the bricks giving way to the pressure), v. supra. 2) to be reduced in size, numbers ; to be lowered. Succ.18a ביתשנ׳ a building which has been reduced (the walls of which have given way partly). Sot.5a bot. כל אדם … לבסוף נ׳ every man in whom there is haughtiness, will finally be lowered; a. e. Hif. הִפְחִית 1) to lessen, wear out, damage. Y.B. Mets.II, 8d top כלי נחשת … מפני שמַפְחִיתָן if one found copper vessels (keeping them until the owner be found), he may use them for hot water, but not over fire, because he wears them out; (Bab. ib. 30a שמשחיקן); a. e. 2) (denom. of פָּחוּת) to become less, be damaged. Succ.18b ה׳ דופן אמצעי if the middle wall (of a Succah) became reduced (fell in, v. supra); a. e.

פְּחַתch. sam( Hif. הִפְחִית to lessen, wear out, damage), 1) to diminish. Pes.114a פְּחוֹת ממיכלךוכ׳ diminish from (spend less for) thy eating and drinking, and add to thy dwelling.Part. pass. פָּחִית. Targ. Ps. 19:3 (Var. ed. Lag. a. ed. פתית).V. פְּחִית. 2) to become defective, be broken. Y.Dem.I, 22a פ׳ פתורא קומוי (prob. to be read: איפחת) the table before him broke down. Ithpe. אִיתְפְּחַת, אִיפְּחַת, אִיפְּחִית 1) to become defective, be broken, damaged. Y.M. Kat. I, 80b bot., v. אֲיָירָא. Keth.62a איפ׳ בי בנאוכ׳ the floor of the bath-house under him gave way. Ib. אִיפַּחֲתָא דרגאוכ׳ the ladder under him broke down; a. e. 2) to grow less. Yalk. Deut. 892 אי׳ ליה שנה מן שנה שנה עליו עידנא (not לה) his crop grew less from year to year; time changed for him (nature changed on his account); Tanḥ. Reh 10 מי פחתוכ׳ (corr. acc.).

פְּחַתch. sam( Hif. הִפְחִית to lessen, wear out, damage), 1) to diminish. Pes.114a פְּחוֹת ממיכלךוכ׳ diminish from (spend less for) thy eating and drinking, and add to thy dwelling.Part. pass. פָּחִית. Targ. Ps. 19:3 (Var. ed. Lag. a. ed. פתית).V. פְּחִית. 2) to become defective, be broken. Y.Dem.I, 22a פ׳ פתורא קומוי (prob. to be read: איפחת) the table before him broke down. Ithpe. אִיתְפְּחַת, אִיפְּחַת, אִיפְּחִית 1) to become defective, be broken, damaged. Y.M. Kat. I, 80b bot., v. אֲיָירָא. Keth.62a איפ׳ בי בנאוכ׳ the floor of the bath-house under him gave way. Ib. אִיפַּחֲתָא דרגאוכ׳ the ladder under him broke down; a. e. 2) to grow less. Yalk. Deut. 892 אי׳ ליה שנה מן שנה שנה עליו עידנא (not לה) his crop grew less from year to year; time changed for him (nature changed on his account); Tanḥ. Reh 10 מי פחתוכ׳ (corr. acc.).

צַלְמָוֶתf. (b. h.) = צַלְמוּת, darkness; (homilet. = צֵל מָוֶת) shadow of death, Gehenna. Mekh. Bshall., Vayassʿa, s. 1 (ref. to Jer. 2:6) צֵל ועמו מָוֶת shadow and with it death (v. עֶכֶס); Tanḥ. ib. 18; Yalk. Jer. 266. Pesik. R. s. 23; Yalk. Job 906 (ref. to Job 10:22) מהו צ׳ צא למותוכ׳ what is tsalmaveth? (The angel Dumah says, when the Sabbath ends, to those relieved from Gehenna during the Sabbath,) Go out unto death, for the Sabbath exercises (v. סֵדֶר) are over. Ber.15b (ref. to Ps. 68:15) א״ת בצלמון אלא בצ׳ read not btsaltmon, but btsalmaveth (in Gehenna). Tanḥ. Reh 13 (ref. to Ps. l. c.) הוא צ׳ שלהן the snow is their hell; (Tanḥ. ed. Bub. ib. 10 צַלְמוֹנָא; Pesik. ‘Asser. p. 97b> צַלְמוֹנָה; Midr. Prov. to ch. 3:21 צלמונה; Yalk. Deut. 892 צלמונ׳). Midr. Till, to Ps. 92 זימן … אחת של אופל ואחת של צ׳ the Lord prepared for Adam two stones, one from Ofel (darkness) and one from Tsalmaveth (ref. to Job 28:3); a. e.

צַלְמָוֶתf. (b. h.) = צַלְמוּת, darkness; (homilet. = צֵל מָוֶת) shadow of death, Gehenna. Mekh. Bshall., Vayassʿa, s. 1 (ref. to Jer. 2:6) צֵל ועמו מָוֶת shadow and with it death (v. עֶכֶס); Tanḥ. ib. 18; Yalk. Jer. 266. Pesik. R. s. 23; Yalk. Job 906 (ref. to Job 10:22) מהו צ׳ צא למותוכ׳ what is tsalmaveth? (The angel Dumah says, when the Sabbath ends, to those relieved from Gehenna during the Sabbath,) Go out unto death, for the Sabbath exercises (v. סֵדֶר) are over. Ber.15b (ref. to Ps. 68:15) א״ת בצלמון אלא בצ׳ read not btsaltmon, but btsalmaveth (in Gehenna). Tanḥ. Reh 13 (ref. to Ps. l. c.) הוא צ׳ שלהן the snow is their hell; (Tanḥ. ed. Bub. ib. 10 צַלְמוֹנָא; Pesik. ‘Asser. p. 97b> צַלְמוֹנָה; Midr. Prov. to ch. 3:21 צלמונה; Yalk. Deut. 892 צלמונ׳). Midr. Till, to Ps. 92 זימן … אחת של אופל ואחת של צ׳ the Lord prepared for Adam two stones, one from Ofel (darkness) and one from Tsalmaveth (ref. to Job 28:3); a. e.

שָׁבַרI (b. h.) 1) to break. Y.Ab. Zar. II, 41d (play on אכל תשברו, Deut. 2:6) באכל תִּשְׁבְּרוֹ האכלתו שְׁבַרְתּוֹ with food break him (his ill-will); when thou hast given him to eat, thou hast broken him; אם היה קשה עליך באכל תשברווכ׳ if he is hard on thee, break him with food, and if not (if thou succeedest not with food), heap silver upon him; Y.Sabb.I, 3c bot. Tanḥ. Shlaḥ. 9 נתכוונו … לִשְׁבּוֹר לבןוכ׳ the spies intended to break the heart (courage) of the Israelites (ref. to ויניאו, Num. 32:9). Tosef.B. Mets. II, 26 אוהבו … כדי לשבור את לבו if a friend requires help for loading, and an enemy for unloading (to relieve the broken down beast of burden), it is commended to help the enemy in order to break his heart (hatred); (B. Mets.32b כדי לכוף את יצרו). Pesik. Eth Korb., p. 59b> נטל את הטבלא … ושְׁבָרָהּ he took the plate … and shattered it. Ex. R. s. 18 (ref. to Ps. 77:7) נזכרת אני את השברים שהיית שוֹבֵרוכ׳ I remember the breaks with which thou brokest (the calamities with which thou didst visit) the empires for me by night; בא … שָׁבַרְתָּוכ׳ Sennacherib came upon me, thou brokest him at night (v. infra Hof.); a. v. fr.Y.Shebi.VIII, beg.37d כל מִדרש שאתה דורש ושוֹבֵרוכ׳ a textual interpretation which you introduce, and by which you break (upset partially) a previous interpretation of the same verse, is no legitimate interpretation. Tanḥ. Vayera 13 סופו … שובר את ראשו the end of the verse breaks (contradicts) its beginning. Cant. R. to VII, 9 (expl. דתבריא, Dan. 3:2) the scholars (scholastici) are called dthabraya (v. תְּבַר), שהם שוֹבְרִים הדברים because they break (twist out of joint) the words (of the law).Part. pass. שָׁבוּר, f. שְׁבוּרָה having a broken limb, injured. B. Mets.I, 4 רצין … אחר צבי ש׳ running … after a wounded deer. Ib. 94b ש׳ ומתה a borrowed animal that was injured or that died. Ib. נשבעין על הש׳ must make oath concerning an injured animal in their charge; a. fr. 2) (denom. of שוֹבֵר) to give a receipt; to acknowledge payment; to acquit. Tosef.Keth.IV, 11 שָׁבְרָה לו (על) מקצת כתובתה שברה לו על כולה if she gave him a receipt for a portion of her jointure, she has released him of all obligations of the marriage contract. Ib. IX, 1 כונסה … והיא שוֹבֶרֶת לווכ׳ he marries her and divorces her (and remarries her), and she gives him a receipt for her jointure (by which act the mortgage on the entire estate is cancelled); Y. ib. VIII, 32b bot.; Y.Yeb.IV, 5d; a. fr. Pi. שִׁבֵּר to break. Sabb.105b המקרע … והמְשַׁבֵּר כליווכ׳ he who in his anger tears his garment or breaks his vessels, … let him be in thy sight like an idolater; a. fr.Part. pass. מְשוּבָּר. Pesik. R. s. 17 (ref. to Job 1:15) מש׳ ומלוקה היה he (that escaped) was broken of limbs and smitten; Ruth R. to I, 5; Lev. R. s. 17 מוּשְׁבָּר; Yalk. Job 892 מושבר. Hof. הוּשְׁבַּר to be broken. Pesik. Vattom., p. 129b> (ref. to Ps. 77:7) נזכרת אני שֶׁבֶר שהוּשְׁבַּרְתִּיוכ׳ (not שכר שהושכ׳) I remember how I was broken (crushed) among the empires (v. supra); Lam. R. to I, 2 שהָשְׁבַּרְתִּי … בלילןוכ׳ how I was broken before thee in the night of persecution by the empires; Yalk. Ps. 816; a. fr.Part. מוּשְׁבָּר, v. supra. Nif. נִשְׁבָּר, Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּבֵּר, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּבֵּר same. B. Mets.VI, 4. Kel. III, 3. ונִשְׁבְּרָה and was again broken. Ib. XI, 1 נִשְׁבְּרוּ טהרו when they are broken, they are no longer susceptible of uncleanness. Gen. R. s. 91 נִשְׁתַּבְּרוּ שיניהם their teeth were broken (fell out). Y.Kidd.I, beg.58b נשבר קל וחומר the conclusion a minori is impaired. Ab. Zar.50b, sq. זריקה מִשְׁתַּבֶּרֶת an interrupted throwing, i. e. sprinkling a liquid, but not throwing a solid object; a. fr.Treat. Der. Er. ch. X מִשְׁתַּבֵּר על השיש ‘has his limbs broken (a sort of massage) on the marble floor (in the bath-house, in the presence of other people).

שָׁבַרI (b. h.) 1) to break. Y.Ab. Zar. II, 41d (play on אכל תשברו, Deut. 2:6) באכל תִּשְׁבְּרוֹ האכלתו שְׁבַרְתּוֹ with food break him (his ill-will); when thou hast given him to eat, thou hast broken him; אם היה קשה עליך באכל תשברווכ׳ if he is hard on thee, break him with food, and if not (if thou succeedest not with food), heap silver upon him; Y.Sabb.I, 3c bot. Tanḥ. Shlaḥ. 9 נתכוונו … לִשְׁבּוֹר לבןוכ׳ the spies intended to break the heart (courage) of the Israelites (ref. to ויניאו, Num. 32:9). Tosef.B. Mets. II, 26 אוהבו … כדי לשבור את לבו if a friend requires help for loading, and an enemy for unloading (to relieve the broken down beast of burden), it is commended to help the enemy in order to break his heart (hatred); (B. Mets.32b כדי לכוף את יצרו). Pesik. Eth Korb., p. 59b> נטל את הטבלא … ושְׁבָרָהּ he took the plate … and shattered it. Ex. R. s. 18 (ref. to Ps. 77:7) נזכרת אני את השברים שהיית שוֹבֵרוכ׳ I remember the breaks with which thou brokest (the calamities with which thou didst visit) the empires for me by night; בא … שָׁבַרְתָּוכ׳ Sennacherib came upon me, thou brokest him at night (v. infra Hof.); a. v. fr.Y.Shebi.VIII, beg.37d כל מִדרש שאתה דורש ושוֹבֵרוכ׳ a textual interpretation which you introduce, and by which you break (upset partially) a previous interpretation of the same verse, is no legitimate interpretation. Tanḥ. Vayera 13 סופו … שובר את ראשו the end of the verse breaks (contradicts) its beginning. Cant. R. to VII, 9 (expl. דתבריא, Dan. 3:2) the scholars (scholastici) are called dthabraya (v. תְּבַר), שהם שוֹבְרִים הדברים because they break (twist out of joint) the words (of the law).Part. pass. שָׁבוּר, f. שְׁבוּרָה having a broken limb, injured. B. Mets.I, 4 רצין … אחר צבי ש׳ running … after a wounded deer. Ib. 94b ש׳ ומתה a borrowed animal that was injured or that died. Ib. נשבעין על הש׳ must make oath concerning an injured animal in their charge; a. fr. 2) (denom. of שוֹבֵר) to give a receipt; to acknowledge payment; to acquit. Tosef.Keth.IV, 11 שָׁבְרָה לו (על) מקצת כתובתה שברה לו על כולה if she gave him a receipt for a portion of her jointure, she has released him of all obligations of the marriage contract. Ib. IX, 1 כונסה … והיא שוֹבֶרֶת לווכ׳ he marries her and divorces her (and remarries her), and she gives him a receipt for her jointure (by which act the mortgage on the entire estate is cancelled); Y. ib. VIII, 32b bot.; Y.Yeb.IV, 5d; a. fr. Pi. שִׁבֵּר to break. Sabb.105b המקרע … והמְשַׁבֵּר כליווכ׳ he who in his anger tears his garment or breaks his vessels, … let him be in thy sight like an idolater; a. fr.Part. pass. מְשוּבָּר. Pesik. R. s. 17 (ref. to Job 1:15) מש׳ ומלוקה היה he (that escaped) was broken of limbs and smitten; Ruth R. to I, 5; Lev. R. s. 17 מוּשְׁבָּר; Yalk. Job 892 מושבר. Hof. הוּשְׁבַּר to be broken. Pesik. Vattom., p. 129b> (ref. to Ps. 77:7) נזכרת אני שֶׁבֶר שהוּשְׁבַּרְתִּיוכ׳ (not שכר שהושכ׳) I remember how I was broken (crushed) among the empires (v. supra); Lam. R. to I, 2 שהָשְׁבַּרְתִּי … בלילןוכ׳ how I was broken before thee in the night of persecution by the empires; Yalk. Ps. 816; a. fr.Part. מוּשְׁבָּר, v. supra. Nif. נִשְׁבָּר, Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּבֵּר, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּבֵּר same. B. Mets.VI, 4. Kel. III, 3. ונִשְׁבְּרָה and was again broken. Ib. XI, 1 נִשְׁבְּרוּ טהרו when they are broken, they are no longer susceptible of uncleanness. Gen. R. s. 91 נִשְׁתַּבְּרוּ שיניהם their teeth were broken (fell out). Y.Kidd.I, beg.58b נשבר קל וחומר the conclusion a minori is impaired. Ab. Zar.50b, sq. זריקה מִשְׁתַּבֶּרֶת an interrupted throwing, i. e. sprinkling a liquid, but not throwing a solid object; a. fr.Treat. Der. Er. ch. X מִשְׁתַּבֵּר על השיש ‘has his limbs broken (a sort of massage) on the marble floor (in the bath-house, in the presence of other people).

שָׁדַף(b. h.; cmp. דפף, s. v. דַּף) to knock; (of grain) to blast. Pesik. ʿAsser, p. 99b> (read:) דוח אחת … והיא שוֹדְפַתָּן I send one east wind, and it blasts them; Yalk. Deut. 892 שדפתן (corr. acc.); Tanḥ. Reh 17 ומְשַׁדַּפְתָּן; Pesik. R. s. 25 ושוֹדֶפֶת. Pi. שִׁדֵּף same, v. supra. Nif. נִשְׁדַּף, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּדֵּף to be blasted. B. Mets.IX, 6 המקבל … או נִשְׁדְּפָה if one tenanted a field …, and the locust ate it up, or it was blasted. Ib. 105b כגון שנִשְׁתַּדְּפוּ ארבעוכ׳ (it is considered a regional calamity,) if for instance four fields on four sides of that in litigation have been struck with blast. Ib. נ׳ תלם אחדוכ׳ if one furrow over the whole length of it was struck. Y.M. Kat. III, 81d top כל מקום … היה נִשְׁדָּף every spot on which his eye looked was blasted; a. fr.