-
21 שְׁדָא
שְׁדֵי, שְׁדָא(v. אֲדִי, נְדֵי II) 1) to swing, throw, cast, shoot; to sprinkle, pour. Targ. O. Ex. 15:21 ed. Lsb. a. oth. (ed. רמא). Targ. Job 38:6 (h. text ירה). Targ. Ps. 91:5 (v. שַׁדְיָא II). Targ. 1 Sam. 20:20. Targ. Lev. 4:12 מֵישַׁד (infin.; h. text שֶׁפֶךְ); ib. 18 יֵישוֹד (fr. אֲשַׁד). Targ. Koh. 2:8 מרזבין דשַׁדְיָןוכ׳ (not דשרין) gutters discharging tepid, and gutters discharging hot waters (h. text שדה ושדות). Targ. Ps. 79:3. Ib. 62:9 (ed. Wil. שרו, corr. acc.). Targ. Lam. 2:4; a. fr.B. Kam.92b לא תִשְׁדֵּיוכ׳, v. בֵּירָא. Nidd.31a ושְׁדִי בשראוכ׳, v. נְפַץ. Gitt.57b אִישְׁדֵּי לךוכ׳ I will throw down a ring for thee, and thou bow down Ib. 69b ונִישְׁדֵּי מיאוכ׳ and let him pour water on it. Ib. ולִישְׁדֵּי ליהוכ׳ and let him sprinkle it Snh.30b, a. e. ש׳ ביה נרגא, v. נַרְגָּא; a. fr. 2) to cast the spindle, to spin. Keth.72b שַׁדְיָא פילכה, v. פִּלְכָא. Gitt.69b דשַׁדְתֵּיה דומה (fr. שוד or שדד), v. דּוּמָה I. Succ.16a מִשְׁדָּא, v. אַשְׁלָא; a. e. Af. אַשְׁדֵּי same, to cast, pour, shed. Targ. 2 Sam. 16:13. Targ. 1 Chr. 22:8; a. e. Pa. שַׁדֵּי same. Targ. O. Ex. 15:4 ed. Berl. (oth. ed. Pe.); Y. I ib. שַׁדָּא (h. text ירה).Targ. Prov. 13:12 מְשַׁדֵּי ed. Wil., read מְשָׁרֵי, v. שְׁרֶי. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּדֵּי, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּדֵי 1) to be cast, poured out; to be shot. Targ. Jer. 22:19. Targ. Lam. 4:1. Targ. Y. Num. 35:33 (O. אִתָּשַׁד, v. אֲשַׁד). Targ. O. Ex. 19:13. Targ. Jer. 12:9; a. e.Nidd.48b, v. infra 2) to be cast about, reel. Targ. Is. 24:20 (h. text נוע).V. אִשְׁתְּדָיוּתָא. 3) (v. דָּאָה) to hover, fly. Targ. O. Deut. 28:49 (h. text דאה). Targ. Jer. 48:40. Targ. I Hab. 1:8. Targ. Is. 6:6 (ed. Lag. a. Ar. אשתוי, corr. acc.). 4) denom. of שַׁד) to be a full developed breast. Nidd.48b אִשְׁתַּדּוּ (oth. opin. in Rashi: to be poured out, emptied, dried up), v. כְּרַף; (Ar. אשתדור, Var. אשתרור, v. שְׁדַר II, a. שְׁרַר). -
22 שמט
שְׁמַט, שְׁמֵיטch. sam(שמט kasher), 1) to loosen, detach, break loose, take away. Targ. Y. Lev. 14:40 (h. text חלץ). Ib. 43. Targ. II Esth. 3:8.Ned.48b דהיה שָׁמֵיטוכ׳ who was in the habit of stealing flax balls. B. Bath.28b מִשְׁמַט הוא דקא שמיט ואכיל he plucks and eats (as the fruits grow, but does not harvest); a. e.Part. pass. שָׁמִיט; f. שְׁמִיטָא. Gen. R. s. 68 דין עיניה ש׳ (some ed. שְׁמִיטָה; oth. שְׁמוּטָה Hebraism) one of them had an eye taken out (in a quarrel); Lev. R. s. 8; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 5 שמיטי (corr. acc.). 2) (neut. verb) to slip off, glide. Targ. Y. I Deut. 19:5 יִשְׁמֹוט (Y. II יִשְׁמֵיט; ed. Vien. יַשְׁמִיט, corr. acc.). 3) to be released, rest, lie fallow. Targ. O. Lev. 26:35 שְׁמַטַת ed. Berl. (oth. ed. שְׁמֵיטַת; ed. Vien. שְׁמָטָא, read: שְׁמָטַת). Targ. 2 Chr. 36:21. 4) to let rest, leave fallow, v. infra. Af. אַשְׁמֵיט 1) to release, remit a debt. Targ. Deut. 15:2. 2) to rest, lie fallow. Targ. O. Lev. 26:34, sq.; a. e. 3) to abandon, let lie fallow. Targ. O. Ex. 23:11 (Y. ed. Vien. תִּשְׁ׳, Pe.); a. e.Targ. Y. II Deut. 19:5, v. supra. Pa. שַׁמֵּט 1) to cause remission of debt. Gitt.36a מדאורייתא מְשַׁמְּטָא … דלא משמטא by Biblical law the Sabbatical year brings remission, and how could Hillel ordain that it should not bring remission? Ib. b ותקינו … דתְשַׁמֵּטוכ׳ and the Rabbis had ordained that it should bring remission as a remembrance of the (Biblical) Sabbatical year; a. e. 2) to let go, drop, discard. Tanḥ. Vayishl. 8 (read:) שַׁמְּטֵיה discard it (the vow), v. שִׁטְפָא. 3) to tear off. B. Kam. 117a שמטיהוכ׳, v. קֹועָא. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּמֵּט, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּמִיט 1) to slip off, be dislocated; to break loose. Targ. Y. Num. 25:8. Targ. Y. Lev. 21:18 דמִשְׁתְּמִיט יריכיה (h. text שׂרוע), v. preced.Yoma 87a bot., v. קֹועָא; a. e. 2) to relieve ones self; to escape, get rid. Targ. 2 Chr. 21:8. Targ. Ps. 141:6.B. Mets.3b אִשְׁתַּמּוּטֵי הוא דקא מישתמיטוכ׳ he tries to get rid of him (for the moment), thinking, when I have the money, I shall pay him. Ib. 17a; a. e.B. Bath.48b דלא הוה ליה לאישתמוטי Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) when he had no way of getting loose (by some subterfuge). Ḥull.120a אִשְׁתְּמִיטְתֵּיה האוכ׳ that which was said in the West escaped his attention. B. Kam.12a אִישְׁתַּמְּטִין עולא Ulla has escaped us (was afraid to oppose me); a. e. -
23 שמיט
שְׁמַט, שְׁמֵיטch. sam(שמט kasher), 1) to loosen, detach, break loose, take away. Targ. Y. Lev. 14:40 (h. text חלץ). Ib. 43. Targ. II Esth. 3:8.Ned.48b דהיה שָׁמֵיטוכ׳ who was in the habit of stealing flax balls. B. Bath.28b מִשְׁמַט הוא דקא שמיט ואכיל he plucks and eats (as the fruits grow, but does not harvest); a. e.Part. pass. שָׁמִיט; f. שְׁמִיטָא. Gen. R. s. 68 דין עיניה ש׳ (some ed. שְׁמִיטָה; oth. שְׁמוּטָה Hebraism) one of them had an eye taken out (in a quarrel); Lev. R. s. 8; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 5 שמיטי (corr. acc.). 2) (neut. verb) to slip off, glide. Targ. Y. I Deut. 19:5 יִשְׁמֹוט (Y. II יִשְׁמֵיט; ed. Vien. יַשְׁמִיט, corr. acc.). 3) to be released, rest, lie fallow. Targ. O. Lev. 26:35 שְׁמַטַת ed. Berl. (oth. ed. שְׁמֵיטַת; ed. Vien. שְׁמָטָא, read: שְׁמָטַת). Targ. 2 Chr. 36:21. 4) to let rest, leave fallow, v. infra. Af. אַשְׁמֵיט 1) to release, remit a debt. Targ. Deut. 15:2. 2) to rest, lie fallow. Targ. O. Lev. 26:34, sq.; a. e. 3) to abandon, let lie fallow. Targ. O. Ex. 23:11 (Y. ed. Vien. תִּשְׁ׳, Pe.); a. e.Targ. Y. II Deut. 19:5, v. supra. Pa. שַׁמֵּט 1) to cause remission of debt. Gitt.36a מדאורייתא מְשַׁמְּטָא … דלא משמטא by Biblical law the Sabbatical year brings remission, and how could Hillel ordain that it should not bring remission? Ib. b ותקינו … דתְשַׁמֵּטוכ׳ and the Rabbis had ordained that it should bring remission as a remembrance of the (Biblical) Sabbatical year; a. e. 2) to let go, drop, discard. Tanḥ. Vayishl. 8 (read:) שַׁמְּטֵיה discard it (the vow), v. שִׁטְפָא. 3) to tear off. B. Kam. 117a שמטיהוכ׳, v. קֹועָא. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּמֵּט, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּמִיט 1) to slip off, be dislocated; to break loose. Targ. Y. Num. 25:8. Targ. Y. Lev. 21:18 דמִשְׁתְּמִיט יריכיה (h. text שׂרוע), v. preced.Yoma 87a bot., v. קֹועָא; a. e. 2) to relieve ones self; to escape, get rid. Targ. 2 Chr. 21:8. Targ. Ps. 141:6.B. Mets.3b אִשְׁתַּמּוּטֵי הוא דקא מישתמיטוכ׳ he tries to get rid of him (for the moment), thinking, when I have the money, I shall pay him. Ib. 17a; a. e.B. Bath.48b דלא הוה ליה לאישתמוטי Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) when he had no way of getting loose (by some subterfuge). Ḥull.120a אִשְׁתְּמִיטְתֵּיה האוכ׳ that which was said in the West escaped his attention. B. Kam.12a אִישְׁתַּמְּטִין עולא Ulla has escaped us (was afraid to oppose me); a. e. -
24 שְׁמַט
שְׁמַט, שְׁמֵיטch. sam(שמט kasher), 1) to loosen, detach, break loose, take away. Targ. Y. Lev. 14:40 (h. text חלץ). Ib. 43. Targ. II Esth. 3:8.Ned.48b דהיה שָׁמֵיטוכ׳ who was in the habit of stealing flax balls. B. Bath.28b מִשְׁמַט הוא דקא שמיט ואכיל he plucks and eats (as the fruits grow, but does not harvest); a. e.Part. pass. שָׁמִיט; f. שְׁמִיטָא. Gen. R. s. 68 דין עיניה ש׳ (some ed. שְׁמִיטָה; oth. שְׁמוּטָה Hebraism) one of them had an eye taken out (in a quarrel); Lev. R. s. 8; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 5 שמיטי (corr. acc.). 2) (neut. verb) to slip off, glide. Targ. Y. I Deut. 19:5 יִשְׁמֹוט (Y. II יִשְׁמֵיט; ed. Vien. יַשְׁמִיט, corr. acc.). 3) to be released, rest, lie fallow. Targ. O. Lev. 26:35 שְׁמַטַת ed. Berl. (oth. ed. שְׁמֵיטַת; ed. Vien. שְׁמָטָא, read: שְׁמָטַת). Targ. 2 Chr. 36:21. 4) to let rest, leave fallow, v. infra. Af. אַשְׁמֵיט 1) to release, remit a debt. Targ. Deut. 15:2. 2) to rest, lie fallow. Targ. O. Lev. 26:34, sq.; a. e. 3) to abandon, let lie fallow. Targ. O. Ex. 23:11 (Y. ed. Vien. תִּשְׁ׳, Pe.); a. e.Targ. Y. II Deut. 19:5, v. supra. Pa. שַׁמֵּט 1) to cause remission of debt. Gitt.36a מדאורייתא מְשַׁמְּטָא … דלא משמטא by Biblical law the Sabbatical year brings remission, and how could Hillel ordain that it should not bring remission? Ib. b ותקינו … דתְשַׁמֵּטוכ׳ and the Rabbis had ordained that it should bring remission as a remembrance of the (Biblical) Sabbatical year; a. e. 2) to let go, drop, discard. Tanḥ. Vayishl. 8 (read:) שַׁמְּטֵיה discard it (the vow), v. שִׁטְפָא. 3) to tear off. B. Kam. 117a שמטיהוכ׳, v. קֹועָא. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּמֵּט, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּמִיט 1) to slip off, be dislocated; to break loose. Targ. Y. Num. 25:8. Targ. Y. Lev. 21:18 דמִשְׁתְּמִיט יריכיה (h. text שׂרוע), v. preced.Yoma 87a bot., v. קֹועָא; a. e. 2) to relieve ones self; to escape, get rid. Targ. 2 Chr. 21:8. Targ. Ps. 141:6.B. Mets.3b אִשְׁתַּמּוּטֵי הוא דקא מישתמיטוכ׳ he tries to get rid of him (for the moment), thinking, when I have the money, I shall pay him. Ib. 17a; a. e.B. Bath.48b דלא הוה ליה לאישתמוטי Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) when he had no way of getting loose (by some subterfuge). Ḥull.120a אִשְׁתְּמִיטְתֵּיה האוכ׳ that which was said in the West escaped his attention. B. Kam.12a אִישְׁתַּמְּטִין עולא Ulla has escaped us (was afraid to oppose me); a. e. -
25 שְׁמֵיט
שְׁמַט, שְׁמֵיטch. sam(שמט kasher), 1) to loosen, detach, break loose, take away. Targ. Y. Lev. 14:40 (h. text חלץ). Ib. 43. Targ. II Esth. 3:8.Ned.48b דהיה שָׁמֵיטוכ׳ who was in the habit of stealing flax balls. B. Bath.28b מִשְׁמַט הוא דקא שמיט ואכיל he plucks and eats (as the fruits grow, but does not harvest); a. e.Part. pass. שָׁמִיט; f. שְׁמִיטָא. Gen. R. s. 68 דין עיניה ש׳ (some ed. שְׁמִיטָה; oth. שְׁמוּטָה Hebraism) one of them had an eye taken out (in a quarrel); Lev. R. s. 8; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 5 שמיטי (corr. acc.). 2) (neut. verb) to slip off, glide. Targ. Y. I Deut. 19:5 יִשְׁמֹוט (Y. II יִשְׁמֵיט; ed. Vien. יַשְׁמִיט, corr. acc.). 3) to be released, rest, lie fallow. Targ. O. Lev. 26:35 שְׁמַטַת ed. Berl. (oth. ed. שְׁמֵיטַת; ed. Vien. שְׁמָטָא, read: שְׁמָטַת). Targ. 2 Chr. 36:21. 4) to let rest, leave fallow, v. infra. Af. אַשְׁמֵיט 1) to release, remit a debt. Targ. Deut. 15:2. 2) to rest, lie fallow. Targ. O. Lev. 26:34, sq.; a. e. 3) to abandon, let lie fallow. Targ. O. Ex. 23:11 (Y. ed. Vien. תִּשְׁ׳, Pe.); a. e.Targ. Y. II Deut. 19:5, v. supra. Pa. שַׁמֵּט 1) to cause remission of debt. Gitt.36a מדאורייתא מְשַׁמְּטָא … דלא משמטא by Biblical law the Sabbatical year brings remission, and how could Hillel ordain that it should not bring remission? Ib. b ותקינו … דתְשַׁמֵּטוכ׳ and the Rabbis had ordained that it should bring remission as a remembrance of the (Biblical) Sabbatical year; a. e. 2) to let go, drop, discard. Tanḥ. Vayishl. 8 (read:) שַׁמְּטֵיה discard it (the vow), v. שִׁטְפָא. 3) to tear off. B. Kam. 117a שמטיהוכ׳, v. קֹועָא. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּמֵּט, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּמִיט 1) to slip off, be dislocated; to break loose. Targ. Y. Num. 25:8. Targ. Y. Lev. 21:18 דמִשְׁתְּמִיט יריכיה (h. text שׂרוע), v. preced.Yoma 87a bot., v. קֹועָא; a. e. 2) to relieve ones self; to escape, get rid. Targ. 2 Chr. 21:8. Targ. Ps. 141:6.B. Mets.3b אִשְׁתַּמּוּטֵי הוא דקא מישתמיטוכ׳ he tries to get rid of him (for the moment), thinking, when I have the money, I shall pay him. Ib. 17a; a. e.B. Bath.48b דלא הוה ליה לאישתמוטי Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) when he had no way of getting loose (by some subterfuge). Ḥull.120a אִשְׁתְּמִיטְתֵּיה האוכ׳ that which was said in the West escaped his attention. B. Kam.12a אִישְׁתַּמְּטִין עולא Ulla has escaped us (was afraid to oppose me); a. e. -
26 bichet
nm. (mesure de capacité pour le blé et autres grains): bèshè (Albanais 001), bshè (001, Saxel SAX 44a31), bètsè (Moûtiers) || nf., bchéta (Aillon-Vieux). = valant deux quarts selon SAX, = environ 20 litres (Aillon-Vieux DAV 6 n° 17). = 22 litres environ selon COD 48b-3). = 42,20 litres à la Roche-sur-Foron (MAL 65). -
27 mesure
nf. ; instrument de mesure ; petite baguette taillée à la longueur convenable et qui sert de gabarit (pour choisir des chaussures neuves...) ; mesure de charpentier: MeZRÀ (Albanais.001b, Saxel.002b | 001a,002a, Annecy.003, Balme-Si., Combe- Si.018, Thônes), mezeura (Arvillard.228b, Montagny-Bozel), mezèra (St-Jorioz), mozéra, mezéra (Albertville.021), mèrza (Giettaz), meurza (Cordon), mozeura (228a), mzeura (Aillon-V., Attignat-Oncin.253, Doucy-Bauges.114), mzwêra (Billième). - E.: Combler, Pige, Règle.A1) mesure linéaire d'un porc, d'une vache... périmètre thoracique pris sous les aisselles: fyê nm. (021), R. Ceindre.B1) adv. (cj.), (au fur et) à mesure (que): à mèzrà (ke) (001,003,018), à mezeura (ke) (228), à mzeura (ke) (253), à mzeura (mè) (114).C1) prép., (au fur et) à mesure de: à mèzrà dè (001,003,018), à mezeura de (228).D1) expr., donner un peu plus de marchandise que la quantité demandée, mais sans faire payer plus cher: fére bona mèzrà < faire bonne mesure> (001).D2) battre la mesure: tapâ la mozeura (228).-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A) la monnaie: - Batz (monnaie suisse et surtout du Valais) = environ 2 sols et 6 deniers. (avant 1813, 5 batz = 14 sols ; après le 20 mars 1813, 5 batz = 12 sols et 6 deniers, CCG.74). - 1 Denier-valeur = 1 denier tournois = 1/12 du sol (sou) = 1/12 du gros = 12 douzaines.---denier fort (denariis fortis, MAL.33-34 en 1532-1533).---denier genevois (denariis gebennensis, MAL.33-34 en 1532-1533).---denier obole genevois (MAL.33-34 en 1532-1533).---1 denier de Piémont ou de Savoie = 1/12 sol (sou) - 1 douzain = 12 deniers: dozin nm. (001). - 1 Douzaine = 1/12 du denier: dozin-na nf. (001). - Ducat d'or de Savoie: dukà nm. (001). - Ducaton (pièce d'argent) = 7 florins = 5 livres et 10 sols: dukaton nm. (001). - Écu, nm.: éku nm. (001).---Écu patagon de Genève (deuxième moitié du 18e ruiss.).---Écu d'or au soleil de France.---1 gros écu neuf de France de 1814 à 1820 = 5,80 francs français de l'époque.---1 écu d'argent = 5 francs en monnaie de compte des années 1940-1950. - 1 Florin (jusqu'en 1717) = 12 sols = 12 sous de Savoie = 12 gros: flyorin nm. (001).---Florin de Florence frappé pour la première fois en 1252.---1 Florin d'or de Savoie = 24 sizains = 144 deniers = 288 oboles (frappé pour la première fois par Amédée VI en 1352, il subsiste jusqu'en 1717 ; de 1356 à 1394, on frappe monnaie au Palais de l'Isle d'Annecy ; la frappe du florin aurait cessé en 1656 (HAM.477 ; le 17 février 1717, Turin (Victor-Amédée) supprime le florin de Savoie et impose une nouvelle livre de Savoie de 20 sols, alignée sur la livre du Piémont sur la base de 2 livres pour trois florins.---1 Florin de Savoie en 1700 = 75 centimes de francs français de 1890.---1 Florin de Savoie en 1717 = 13 sols et 4 deniers = 2/3 de livre de Savoie = 0;50 livre tournois.---1 Florin de Savoie au 18 déc. 1817 = 60 centimes de francs français de l'époque. - Franc: le premier franc a été frappé par Jean II le Bon en 1360, c'est le franc à cheval. En 1365, Charles V, son fils, crée le franc à pied qui contient 3,87 g d'or fin. De 1573 à 1586, Henri III frappe un franc d'argent (HAM.479). Le 7 avril 1795 (8 germinal an 3), la convention fait du franc l'unité monétaire légale de la France avec 5g. d'argent.---1 franc français de 1795 = 81/80e de la livre tournois = 100 centimes.---le franc est monnaie officielle en Savoie de 1792 à 1815, puis à partir de 1860): fran nm. (001).---1 Franc = 2 florins---le franc germinal en 1803 = 290 mg. d'or (fixé par Napoléon). - Gros, nm.: grou (001).---Gros de Savoie. - En 1470, 24 gros de Savoie = 18 gros tournois.---Gros tournois. - 1 Liard (ancienne monnaie de cuivre): = 3 deniers: lyâ nm. (001). = 1/4 sou - 1 Livre = 20 sols / sous = 20 gros: livra nf. (001).---1 Livre neuve (elle a cours en Savoie de 1815 à 1860): livra nuva nf. (001). = 1 franc français de l'époque, HAM.479):.---1 Livre tournois (monnaie française frappée à Tours, HAM.479 et 561) = 2 florins de Savoie au 17e ruiss.. 114 000 livres tournois = 4 millions de francs français de 1982.---1 livre tournois de France de 1676 à 1700 = 2 florins de Savoie = 1,48 franc français de 1890.---1 livre tournois de France de 1792 à 1795 = 20 sous.---1 Livre de Savoie ou de Piémont (de 1717 à 1792) = 20 sols = 1,5 florins de Savoie = 0,75 livre tournois en 1717 = 1,20 livre tournois en 1770.---1 livre ancienne du Piémont de 1793 à 1810 = 1,20 franc français de l'époque. de 1814 à 1820 = 1,18 franc français de l'époque. - Louis d'or, créé en 1641 par Louis XIII (HAM.479).---1 louis d'or = 20 francs en monnaie de compte des années 1940-1950. - 1 Napoléon = 1 louis d'or = 20 francs en monnaie de compte des années 1940-1950. - 1 Sizain = 1/24 du florin d'or de Savoie = 6 deniers = 12 oboles. - 1 Sol = 1 sou = 1 gros = 12 deniers = 4 liards: sou nm. (001).---sou genevois (solidis gebennensis, MAL.33-34 en 1532-1533).---1 sou = 5 centimes en monnaie de compte des années 1940-1950.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------B) mesures de longueur: Ba) anciennes mesures de longueur: Bande. - Aune: ÔNA (...). - 1 Doigt = 1/4 de pouce: dai nm. (Albanais.001) - 1 Ligne = 12 points = 1/12 du pouce = 2,35 millimètres: linye nf. (001). - 1 Pied = 12 pouces (5 000 pieds = 1650 mètres) = 144 lignes: pî nm. (001).---1 Pied de chambre = 0,3393 mètre: pî d'shanbra nm. (001).---1 Pied de roi = 0,3333 mètre: pî d'rai nm. (001). - E.: Pied. - 1 Point = 1/12 de la ligne = 0,1958 millimètre: pwin nm. (001). - 1 Pouce = 12 lignes = 1/12 du pied = 28,2 millimètres: peuzho nm. (001). - Rang, ancienne unité de mesure de longueur de la toile qui valait environ 13 mètre sur 1,15 mètre: ran (Alex, St-Jorioz, Sevrier, Thônes). - Toise linéaire: taiza nf. (001).---1 Toise linéaire de Savoie = 8 pieds de chambre = 2,7 mètres: taiza d'Savoué (001).---1 Toise linéaire de France = 6 pieds de roi = 1,949 mètres: taiza d'Franse (001). - Tour, unité de mesure valant 10 cm pour évaluer la grosseur des porcs en mesurant le périmètre thoracique: teur < tour> nm. (Saxel), tor (Cordon). Bb) nouvelles mesures de longueur: - myriamètre: miryamètre nm. (001). - Kilomètre: kilomètre nm. (001). - Hectomètre: èktomètre nm. (001). - Décamètre: dékamètre nm. (001). - Mètre: mètre nm. (001), métri (Peisey). - Décimètre: déssimètre nm. (001). - Centimètre: santimètre nm. (001). - Millimètre: milimètre nm. (001). - Micron: MIKRON nm. (001).-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------C) mesures des liquides, de capacité: Ca) mesure pour le vin: Canon. - Ânée, nf.: ÂNÂ (Albanais). = 8 quartes de vin aux environs de Beaujeu (COD.b161 Ducange). = 2 barils de 45 litres chacun = 90 litres en Albanais (LOR.13) - Baril, nm.: barâ (Albanais). = 35 pots (à Culoz). = 53 pots (Valromey en 1726). = 25 pots = 55,7 litres de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). = 45 litres en Albanais (LOR.13) - Barral, nm. (pl. barraux ou barrals): barâ (Albanais). = 1 baril. = 50 pots. - Barricot, nm. = 1 baril. - Bouteille, nf.: botolye (Albanais). = 1 pot. = 1 picot = 1 demi-pot = 1,114 litre de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Cempote, nf. = 1 pièce. - Char (Genève), mesure de capacité pour le vin surtout (= 649,728 litres). - Charge, nf. = 1 sommée de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Charretée, nf.: SHARÂ (Albanais). = 2 sommées = 220 litres environ (GIR.98, Montmélian). - Chopine, nf.: CHOPINA (Albanais). = 1 quart de pot = 1 gevelot = 1 picholette = (parfois) 1 demi-pot. = 0,557 litre à Montmélian (GIR.98). = 0,465 litre à Annecy (HAM.557). = 1 demi-pinte = 1 livre petit poids d'eau = 417,3461 grammes = 0,417 litre au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.143). = (à partir de 1900) 1/2 litre de vin. - Échandail, nm. = 1 setier de vin en 1412 (SDC.143). - Foudre, nm. = 3250 litres (à Montmélian). - Gevelot, gravelot, jouvello, jovelot nm.: = 1 quart de pot = 0,557 litre de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Hémine ou esmine, nf., (pour les grains et les liquides): émèna (Albanais). = 1 demi-ânée de vin aux environs de Beaujeu (COD.b161 selon Ducange). = 1 setier de vin en Dauphinée (COD.). - Jouvello, jovelot nm.: => Gevelot. - Litre, nm.: litro (Albanais, Annecy, TER.). - Litron, nm.: litron (Albanais). = 12 onces = 400 grammes environ de farine - Meytière, nm. = 4 pots = 8,912 litres de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Muid = 1180 litres (à Montmélian) = 1440 litres (à Megève). = 268 litres à Paris pour le vin (LAR.). = 1872 litres à Paris pour les matières sèches (LAR.).---Demi-muid, nm. = 577 litres (à Montmélian). - Orrée, nf. = 1 demi-charge (de vin). - Picholette, nf.: = 1 quart de pot = 0,3565 litre à Annecy (HAM.557). = 1 quart de pot = 0,557 litre à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Picot, nm. = 1 demi-pot = 1,114 litre de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). = 1 bouteille de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Pièce, nf.: PISSA (Albanais). = 4 barrals.-- Demi-pièce, nf.: DMI-PISSA (Albanais). - Pinte, nf.: pinta (Albanais). = 0,93 litre. = 2 livres petit poids d'eau = 0,834 litre au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.143). = 2 chopines au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.143).---Demi-pinte = 1 livre petit poids d'eau = 0,417 litre au 18e siècle (SDC.143). - Poinçon, nm. = 50 pots = 111,4 litres de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Pot, nm.: PO (Albanais, Annecy, Montendry, Thônes), pwintè (St-Jean-Mau.). = 1 bouteille de vin de 46 centilitres à Lyon (GMP.318). = 1,122 litre à Genève (PO1.33). = 1,4 à 1,7 litre en Valais = 1,858 litre à Chambéry et Vallée d'Aoste (VPM.243). = 2,228 litres à Montmélian (précisément évalué en 1799) (GIR.98, SDC.142). = environ 2 litres à Albertville (BRA., COD.). = 4 picholettes = 1,426 litre à Annecy (HAM.557).---Demi-pot, nm.: DMI-PO (Albanais). = 1,114 litre à Montmélian (GIR.98).---Petit-pot, nm. = 1 Chopine.---Quart de pot, nm. = 1 Chopine. = 1 picholette = 0,557 litre de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Quantain, nm. (mesure piémontaise) = 1/5 de litre à Bessans (AVG.343). - Quartal, nm. = 12 pots et demi = 27,850 litres de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Quartelet, nm. = 1 pot = 2,228 litres de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Quartette, nf. = 1/4 de pot (CCG.75).---demi-quartette, nf. = 1/8 de pot. - Setier, nm.: sèti (Albanais), R. mfr. septier, sestier (SDC.143) = 53,85 litres de vin à Genève (PO1.33) = 24 quarterons = 48 pots ou bouteilles. = 1/2 sommée (Arbin, en l'an 1298, VPM.27). = 25 pots = 55,7 litres de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). = demi-pinte d'eau = 1 livre d'eau = 417,3461 grammes = 0,417 litre - septier d'eau = 1 livre petit poids d'eau = 417,3461 grammes = 0,417 litre au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.143). = 1 demi-pinte au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.143). - sestier de vin comble ou sestier de vin garni: = 36 quartelets =---Demi-septier nm.: R. => Setier. = 1 quart de la pinte = 1 demie-livre d'eau = 208,3 grammes = 0,208 litre à Montmélian au 18e siècle (SDC.143). - Sommée nf.: SOMÂ (Albanais) (LOR.14), R. sôma <ânesse, bourrique>. = 84,75 pots (Annecy, Genevois, Thônes) = 120,854 litres de vin (HAM.557) ; = 112 litres de vin (Grenoble, vers l'an 1359-1362, VPM.27). = 2 barrals. = 50 pots = 111,4 litres de vin à Montmélian (GIR.98, SDC.143). = 100 pots (Albertville, BRA.). = 2 setiers (Arbin, en l'an 1298, VPM.27). = 90 litres = 1 ânée (LOR.13). = 1 charge à montmélian (SDC.143). - Tonneau, nm. = 200 pots = 445,6 litres de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143).---Demi-tonneau, nm. = 100 pots = 222,8 litres de vin à Montmélian (SDC.143). Cb) mesure de capacité pour la chaux: - la grande mesure: shér nm. (Saxel). - la petite mesure: pi de shô < pied de chaux> nm. (Saxel). Cc) nouvelles mesures des liquides:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------D) mesures des grains (capacité sèche): - Bichet, nm. (pour le blé et les autres grains): bèshè nm. (Albanais.001b), bshè (001a, Saxel, SAX.44a31), bètsè (Moûtiers) || nf., bchéta (Aillon-V.). = valant deux quarts selon SAX., = environ 20 litres (Aillon-V., DAV.6 n° 17). = 22 litres environ selon COD.48b-3). = 42,20 litres à la Roche-sur-Foron (MAL.65). - Boisseau, nm., (pour les grains de blé, avoine, seigle) = 12,8 litres à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Boisseau de farine, nm. = 12 livres = 5008 grammes à Montmélian (SDC.144).---Demi-boisseau, nm. = 6 livres. - Carte, nf. => Quarte. - Copet, nm.: kopè (Albanais). = 3,42 litres à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Coupe, nf. (pour les pommes de terre, les fruits, le blé, l'avoine) (MCD.136): KOPA (Albanais, Cordon) = 88,86 litres à Annecy (PO1.33). = 4 grands quarts à Saxel (SAX.108b-13) = 80 kg à Cordon. = 84,40 litres à la Roche-sur-Foron (MAL.65). - Coupe de semature, nf. = quantité de blé que l'on sème sur la surface d'un journal = 77 litres (selon COD.115a6) = 4 quarts (selon MCD.26): kopa nf. (001, Annecy.003, Thônes). - Dime = 1/30. - Émine = 1 demi-setier = 219 litres à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Fascicule, nm. (pour les herbes, le bois, les fleurs et les semences). = 3,42 litres à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Litron, nm. = 3 quarterons = 12 onces = 312,49 grammes à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Octane, nf. = 36 kg de grains = environ 60 litres. - Picotin, nm. (mesure à grains, d'avoine pour un cheval): pikotin (Albanais, Chamonix). = 1,875 litres. = 2,5 litres à Montmélian (SDC.144). = 1 quart de boisseau = environ 2 litres (Chamonix, CCG.69).---Demi-picotin, nm. = 1,25 litre à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Pitée, nf., mesure de capacité de 30 litres environ pour le gruau d'orge: pitâ nf. (Sixt). - Quart, nm.: KÂr (Albanais | Chamonix, Cordon, Saxel). = 14 litres environ (Chamonix, CCG.36).---petit quart, nm.: pti kâr (Saxel). = 12 litres environ à Saxel (SAX.109a-14).---grand quart, nm.: grou kâr (Saxel). = 20 litres environ à Saxel et à Cordon (SAX.109a-14), et selon AVG.375. - Quartaine, nf..---demi-quartaine, nf. = 5,751 litres (de châtaignes) (mesure vieille d'Ivrée) (Perloz, au-dessus de Pont-St-Martin, VPM.87b). - Quartaut, nm.. - quarte ou carte, nf., (de blé, d'avoine, de châtaignes, de noix). = 13,69 litres à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Quarteron, nm. = 11,20 litres (de noix) (mesure vieille d'Ivrée) (Perloz, au-dessus de Pont-St-Martin, VPM.87b). = 4 onces = 104,16 grammes à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Setier, nm. = 438 litres à Montmélian (SDC.143). - Varcine, nf. = 2 cartes = 27,38 litres à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Veissel ou vaisseau, nm.: vaychô (Albanais). = 88,8 litres. = 54.76 à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Veissel marchand de Chambéry = 150 livres = 81,26 litres = 63 kg.. - Veissel des servis = veissel marchand de Chambéry moins un moudurier.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------E) mesures agraires et de surface: Ea) mesures de paysans: - Bichet, nm. = un peu plus de 300 m² (St-Martin-Belleville, HPN.46). - Fosserée, nf. (pour la vigne seulement, correspond à une journée de binage au fossoir): fossèrâ nf. (003, Albertville), fossorâ (St-Pierre-Alb.), fosrâ (001). = 33,3 toises carrées ou 246 m² (BRA.). = 294 m² (COD.195b-9), soit 294,837 m² = 1/10 journal = 3,68 ares (en Savoie autrefois, VPM.22), soit 368,54 m² = 1/8 journal. = 250 m2 environ (St-Pierre-d'A., PET.15) - Jointe, nf. = demi-journal, nm., (il correspond à une demi-journée de labour, soit 1760 m² à Morzine): dywinta <jointe (fl.)> nf. (Desingy.24, MCD.26), zhwanta (Morzine.81) ; atlâ <attelée (fl.)> (24). - Jointe / jointée, nf. = tiers de journal, soit 10 ares à Cordon ; étendue labourée sans dételer (délier) ; partie de la journée de travail comprise entre deux repas, durée de travail de trois heures: dwinta nf. (St-Paul-en-Ch.), dywanta (Saxel), zwanta (Cordon.83) ; vèryà nf. (83).---Demi-jointe: mi-zhwanta nf. (81). - Journal, nm. (pl. journaux) => Journal. = 8 fosserées (VPM.22) = 2948,37 m². = 10 fosserées (COD.195b-9). - Pose, nf. (anc. mesure agraire valant 28 ares environ): puza < pose> (usuel) (002). - quarteron, nm.: carteron (Chamonix, CCG.184), kartèron (001) = environ 11 ares ou 312 toises carrées (CCG.184) = mesure du Valais). - Seytorée, nf., seytive, soiture, étendue de pré qu'un homme peut faucher en un jour: sêtorâ nf. (Albanais, Chablais: Thonon). Eb) mesures décimales: - Are, nm.: â(r) (001 | 002). - Centiare, nm.: santyâ(r) (001 | 002). - Hectare (3 journaux et 156 toises): èktâ(r) nm. (001 | 002). Ec) mesures de Savoie en 1730: - journal. - pied carré: pî karâ nm. (001). - toise carrée: taiza karâ nf. (001) = 64 pieds carrés = environ 3,5 m² (entre Sion et St-Léonard en Valais). = environ 7,38 m² (selon BRA. d'Albertville). Ed) mesures de Piémont en 1730: - journal: - pied carré: - pied-pouce, nm. = 1/12 du pied carré. - pouce carré, nm.. - pouce-ligne, nm. = 1/12 du pouce carré. - table: - toise-pied, nf. = 1/8 de toise carrée = un rectangle de 1 toise de longueur et 1 pied de largeur.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------F) mesures de poids: - Denier, nm. = 8 grains. = 1,087 grammes au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Drachme, nm. = 1/8e d'once. = 3,26 grammes au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144). = 1 gros au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Grain, nm. = 1/8e de denier. = 0,045 grammes au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Gros, nm. = 3 deniers. = 3,26 grammes au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Litron, nm.: litron (Albanais). = 3 quarterons = 12 onces. - Livre, nf.: = 4 quarterons---Livre petit poids, nf. = 16 onces: livra nf. (001). = 417,3461 grammes au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.143). = 418,5 grammes.---Livre grand poids = 24 onces.---Livre poids de marchand ou livre marchande (des pâtissiers): = 417,3461 grammes au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144). = 16 onces = 2 marcs d'orfèvre.---Livre poids de médecine = 12 onces. - Marc (d'orfèvre), nm. = 8 onces = 208,33 grammes au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Once, nf. = 8 gros. = 26,041 grammes au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Pinte, nf. = 2 livres d'eau au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144).---demi-pinte = 1 chopine.---Quart de pinte = 1 demi-septier. - Quarteron, nm. = 4 onces. = 104,16 grammes au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144). - Quintal, nm.: kintâ (002). = 100 livres petit poids - Scrupule, nm. = 1,087 grammes au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144). = 1 denier au 18e siècle à Montmélian (SDC.144).-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------G) (mesure de poids pour les monnaies): - livre poids, nf..---livre romaine = 12 onces.---livre poids de Paris = 16 onces. - marc (nm.) = 8 onces = 244,75 grammes (LPV.).---marc de Troyes = 8 onces = 244,753 grammes. - once, nf..---9 onces romaines = 8 onces-poids de marc.---once-poids de marc de Troyes = 24 deniers = 8 gros = 30,594 grammes. - gros, nm. = 3 deniers. - denier-poids, nm., = 24 grains = 1/24 de l'once-poids. - grain, nm., = 24 granots. - granot, nm., = 24 granotins.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------H) (titre des monnaies): - carat, nm., pour titré l'or, = 1/24 du poids du lingot ou de la pièce de monnaie = 24 grains de chacun 24 granots.---24 carats = 1 once d'or pur. - denier-titre, nm., pour titré l'argent, = 1/12 du poids du lingot ou de la pièce de monnaie = 24 grains de chacun 24 granots.---12 deniers = 1 once d'argent pur.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I) (mesure du temps de travail): Heure, Journée, Minute, Seconde.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------J) (mesure de volume): Moule, Stère.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -
28 δηλαδή
δηλᾰδή (cf.Aδῆλος 11.4
), Adv. clearly, manifestly, Epich.149, S.OT 1501, E.IA 1366, Timocl.3 D., etc.: ironically, προφάσιος τῆσδε δηλαδή on this pretext forsooth, Hdt.4.135: freq. in answers,οὐ πόλλ' ἔνεστι δεινὰ τῷ γήρᾳ κακά;—δηλαδή
yes plainly, of course,Ar.
V. 441: but better written divisim in such phrases asἢ δῆλα δὴ ὅτι..; Pl.Prt. 309a
, etc.; cf.δῆλα δὴ καὶ ταῦτα Id.Cri. 48b
. -
29 δῆλος
δῆλος (also [dialect] Dor., Archyt.1, Theoc.11.79, etc., and [dialect] Aeol., cf. πρόδηλος), η, ον, also ος, ον E.Med. 1197: [dialect] Ep. [full] δέελος:I prop. visible, conspicuous,δέελον δ' ἐπὶ σῆμά τ' ἔθηκε Il.10.466
, but:II commonly, clear to the mind, manifest,νῦν δ' ἤδη τόδε δ. Od.20.333
, etc.2 δ. εἰμι is freq. used c. part., δ. ἐστιν ἀλγεινῶς φέρων i.e. it is clear that he takes it ill, S.Ph. 1011, cf. OT 673, 1008, etc.; οἳ ἂν δ. ὦσι μὴ ἐπιτρέψοντες who are clearly not going to permit, Th. 1.71; withὡς, δ. ἐστιν ὥς τι δρασείων κακόν S.Aj. 326
;δ. ἔσεσθε ὡς ὀργιζόμενοι Lys.12.90
, cf. X.An.1.5.9; δ. ὁρᾶσθαι.. ὤν being as was plainly to be seen, E.Or. 350: with ὅτι and a Verb,δ. ἐστιν ὅτι.. ἀκήκοεν Ar.Pl. 333
;δ. ἡ οἰκοδομία ὅτι κατὰ σπουδὴν ἐγένετο Th.1.9
<*>;δ. ἔσται ὅτι.. Lys.12.50
: sts. the part. or relat. clause must be supplied, καταγελᾷς μου, δ. εἶ (sc. καταγελῶν) Ar.Av. 1407, cf. Id.Lys. 919; δῆλοι δέ (sc. οὐ μένοντες) Th.5.10.3 δῆλον ποιεῖν show plainly,τινὶ ὅτι.. Id.6.34
, etc.: c. part.,δῆλον ἐποιήσατε.. μηδίσαντες Id.3.64
.4 δῆλον (sc. ἐστί) it is manifest,αὐτὸς πρὸς αὑτοῦ· δῆλον S.Aj. 906
;ἀλγεινά, Πρόκνη, δῆλον Id.Fr. 585
;ἐκ πίθω ἀντλεῖς, δῆλον Theoc.10.13
; δῆλον δέ, to introduce a proof, folld. by γάρ, Th.1.11, Arist.Col. 799a5, etc.;δῆλον γάρ S.Fr.63
;δῆλον ὅτι Th.3.38
, etc.;τὰ Κύρου δῆλον ὅτι οὕτως ἔχει X.An.1.3.9
, cf. Cyr.2.4.24, etc., v. δηλονότι: in pl.,δῆλα δή, δ. δ. καὶ ταῦτα Pl.Cri. 48b
;ἢ δ. δ. ὅτι..; Id.Prt. 309a
, etc.: hence as Adv., usu. written δηλαδή (q.v.).5 Adv. δήλως is rejected by [dialect] Att., Poll.6.207. -
30 μηνύω
μην-ύω (v. fin.), [dialect] Dor. [pref] μᾱν- B.Fr.10, SIG417.7 (Delph., iii B. C.): [tense] fut. - ύσω Hdt.2.121. γ', etc.: [tense] aor.A , And.1.26, etc.: [tense] pf. μεμήνῡκα ib.22, Pl.Ti. 48b, Men.Pk.28:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf.μεμήνῡται And.1.10
, Th.1.20: [tense] aor. , Pl.Criti. 108e: [tense] fut.μηνυθήσομαι Gal.UP5.15
:—disclose what is secret, reveal: generally, make known, declare,μ. τινί τι h.Merc. 254
, Pi.N.9.4, Hdt.1.23; τι S.OT 102, 1384, etc.; τί μηνύεις νέον; E.Ba. 1029; τὸ πρᾶγμ' οὐ μεμήνυκ' Men. l.c.; τοὺς ἑτερογνάθους μ. ἡ πέδη indicates, betrays them, X.Eq.3.5; l.c.:—[voice] Pass.,κατὰ τὸ μεμηνυμένον Phld.Acad. Ind.p.81
M.2 c. acc. et part., πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα μ. τινὰ ἔχοντα show that he has, Hdt.2.121.γ'; ἐξ ἐπιβουλῆς ἀποθανόντα τινὰ μ. Antipho 2.1.5
;γεγονὼς ἐμηνύθη πόλεμος Pl.Criti.
l.c.: the part. is sts. omitted, τόδ' ἔργον.. σε μηνύει κακόν (sc. ὄντα) E.Hipp. 1077: c. acc. et inf., [ποιηταὶ] ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχειν μ. Pl.R. 366b
; also ἡ ἐπιστήμη μ. ὡς.. ἑπομένης τῆς ψυχῆς gives indication of the soul as following, Id.Cra. 412a.3 folld. by an interrog. or Conj.,μήνυσον αὐτοῖς τίς ἐστιν Id.Ap. 24d
; ἀλλά μοι μηνύσατε εἰ .. inform me whether.., Ar.Ach. 206; μ. ὅτι .. Arist.EN 1101b29.4 abs.,ὡς ὁ ἔμπροσθεν μεμήνυκεν ἡμῖν λόγος Pl.Phdr. 277c
, cf. Phlb. 19b.II at Athens, inform, lay information against another,κατά τινος And.1.20
, Lys.6.23; τινας Docum. ap. And.1.13; ταῦτα And.ibid.; περὶ τῶν μυστηρίων ib.19;μ. τι κατά τινος Th.6.60
;μ. τοῖς ἄρχουσίν τι Pl.Lg. 730d
;πρός τινας D. 24.11
: abs., (Egypt, i A. D.): impers. in [voice] Pass., μηνύεται information is laid, Th.6.28;ὑποτοπήσαντες.. Ἱππίᾳ μεμηνῦσθαι Id.1.20
, cf. 6.57, And.1.10;ὧν πέρι ἄλλων ἐμεμήνυτο Th.6.61
:— [voice] Pass., also of persons, to be informed against, denounced, τῶν μετ' αὐτοῦ μεμηνυμένων ib.53, cf. X.HG3.3.10; ;μηνυθέντος τοῦ ἐπιβουλεύματος Th.4.89
. [[pron. full] ῡ always in [tense] fut., [tense] aor., and [tense] pf.; and in [dialect] Att. so in [tense] pres. and [tense] impf.; [pron. full] ῠ in [dialect] Ep. and Lyr. in [tense] pres. and [tense] impf., h.Merc. 254, Pi.N.l.c., O.6.52, P.1.93, I.8(7).60, B.l.c., but [pron. full] ῡ, h.Merc. 373, B.9.14, and later.] -
31 περιφιμόω
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περιφιμόω
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32 στοιχεῖον
στοιχεῖον, τό:I in a form of sun-dial, the shadow of the gnomon, the length of which in feet indicated the time of day, ὅταν ᾖ δεκάπουν τὸ ς. when the shadow is ten feet long, Ar.Ec. 652, v. Sch.;ὁπηνίκ' ἂν εἴκοσι ποδῶν.. τὸ σ. ᾖ Eub.119.7
, cf. Philem.83.II element,1 a simple sound of speech, as the first component of the syllable, Pl.Cra. 424d; τὸ ῥῶ τὸ ς. ib. 426d;γραμμάτων σ. καὶ συλλαβάς Id.Tht. 202e
;σ. ἐστι φωνὴ ἀδιαίρετος Arist.Po. 1456b22
;φωνῆς σ. καὶ ἀρχαὶ δοκοῦσιν εἶναι ταῦτ' ἐξ ὧν σύγκεινται αἱ φωναὶ πρώτων Id.Metaph. 998a23
, cf.Gal.15.6:— στοιχεῖα therefore, strictly, were different from letters ([etym.] γράμματα), Diog.Bab.Stoic.3.213, Sch.D.T.p.32, al., but are freq. not clearly distd. from them, as by Pl.Tht.l.c., Cra. 426d;τὰ σ. τῶν γραμμάτων τὰ τέτταρα καὶ εἴκοσι Aen.Tact.31.21
; σ. ε ¯ letter ε (in a filing-system), BGU959.2 (ii A.D.); ἀκουόμενα ς. letters which are pronounced, A.D.Adv.165.17; γράμματα and ς. are expressly identified by D.T.630.32; the ς. and its name are confused by A.D. Synt.29.1, but distd. by Hdn.Gr. ap. Choerob.in Theod.1.340, Sch.D.T. l.c.:— in the order of the letters, alphabetically,AP
11.15 (Ammian.); dub.sens.in Plu.2.422e.2 in Physics, στοιχεῖα were the components into which matter is ultimately divisible, elements, reduced to four by Empedocles, who called them ῥιζὤματα, the word στοιχεῖα being first used (acc. to Eudem. ap. Simp.in Ph.7.13 ) by Pl., τὰ πρῶτα οἱονπερεὶ ς, e)c w(=n h(mei=s te sugkei/meqa kai\ ta)/lla Tht. 201e; τὰ τῶν πάντων ς. Plt. 278d;αὐτὰ τιθέμενοι σ. τοῦ παντός Ti. 48b
, cf. Arist.GC 314a29, Metaph. 998a28, Thphr.Sens.3, al., D.L.3.24;σ. σωματικά Arist.Mete. 338a22
, Thphr.Fr.46; ἄτομα ς. Epicur.Ep.2p.36U.; equivalent to ἀρχαί, Thales ap.Plu.2.875c, Anaximand. ap. D.L.2.1, Anon. ap. Arist.Ph. 188b28, Metaph. 1059b23, al.; but Arist. also distinguishes ς. from ἀρχή as less comprehensive, ib.1070b23; τὰ σ. ὕλη τῆς οὐσίας ib.1088b27; τρία τὰ ς. Id.Ph. 189b16; distd. from ἀρχή on other grounds by Stoic.2.111; ς. used in three senses by Chrysipp., ib.136, cf. Zeno ib.1.24, al.; in Medicine, Gal.6.3, 420, al., 15.7, al.;Αἰθέρ, κόσμου σ. ἄριστον Orph.H.5.4
; ἀνηλεὲς ς., of the sea, Babr.71.4; τὸ ς., of the sea, Polem.Cyn.44; ἄμφω τὰ ς., i.e. land and sea, ib.11, cf. Hdn.3.1.5, Him.Ecl.2.18.3 the elements of proof, e.g. in general reasoning the πρῶτοι συλλογισμοί, Arist.Metaph. 1014b1; in Geometry, the propositions whose proof is involved in the proof of other propositions, ib. 998a26, 1014a36; title of geometrical works by Hippocrates of Chios, Leon, Theudios, and Euclid, Procl. in Euc.pp.66,67,68F.: hence applied to whatever is one, small, and capable of many uses, Arist.Metaph. 1014b3; to whatever is most universal, e.g. the unit and the point, ib.6; the line and the circle, Id.Top. 158b35; the τόπος (argument applicable to a variety of subjects), ib. 120b13, al., Rh. 1358a35, al.;στοιχεῖα τὰ γένη λέγουσί τινες Id.Metaph. 1014b10
; τὸ νόμισμα σ. καὶ πέρας τῆς ἀλλαγῆς coin is the unit.. of exchange, Id.Pol. 1257b23; in Grammar, σ. τῆς λέξεως parts of speech, D.H.Comp.2; but also, the letters composing a word, A.D.Synt.313.7; letters of the alphabet, Diog. Bab.Stoic.3.213; σ. τοῦ λόγου the elements of speech, viz. words, or the kinds of words, parts of speech, Thphr. ap. Simp. in Cat.10.24, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.45, A.D.Synt.7.1, 313.6.4 generally, elementary or fundamental principle, ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ τῶν ς. X.Mem.2.1.1;σ. χρηστῆς πολιτείας Isoc.2.16
; τὸ πολλάκις εἰρημένον μέγιστον ς. Arist.Pol. 1309b16;σ. τῆς ὅλης τέχνης Nicol.Com.1.30
, cf. Epicur. Ep.1p.10U., Ep.3p.59U., Phld.Rh.1.127S., Gal.6.306.5 ἄστρων στοιχεῖα the stars, Man.4.624;σ. καυσούμενα λυθήσεται 2 Ep.Pet.3.10
, cf. 12; esp. planets,στοιχείῳ Διός PLond.1.130.60
(i/ii A.D.); so perh. in Ep.Gal.4.3, Ep.Col.2.8; esp. a sign of the Zodiac, D.L.6.102; of the Great Bear, PMag.Par.1.1303.6 σ. = ἀριθμός, as etym. of Στοιχαδεύς, Sch.D.T.p.192 H.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > στοιχεῖον
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33 συνοδία
συνοδ-ία, ἡ,A journey in company, companionship on a journey, Cic.Att.10.7.2, J.AJ6.12.1, Plu.2.48b, Galb.20, Charito 6.2;ἀνδρὸς πονηροῦ φεῦγε συνοδίαν ἀεί Men.Mon.24
.II in concrete sense, party of travellers, caravan, Str.4.6.6, 11.14.4, Ev.Luc.2.44, OGI633.2 (Palmyra, ii A.D.); ἀνακομίσαι συνοδίας ib.646.6 (ibid., iii A.D.);σ. πρεσβευτοῦ ἢ ἀνθυπάτου Arr.Epict.4.1.91
.III family, LXX Ne.7.5 (pl.), al.:—in Suid. also [full] συνοδεία. -ιάρχης, ου, ὁ, leader of a caravan, OGI632.2, 633.5 (Palmyra, ii A.D.): hence [suff] συνοδ-ιαρχία, ἡ, office of συνοδιάρχης, Supp.Epigr.7.139.6 (ibid., ii A.D.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συνοδία
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34 τίλλω
τίλλω, Il.22.78, etc.: [tense] fut. τῐλῶ ([etym.] ἀπο-) Cratin.123, ([etym.] παρα-) Ar.Eq. 373: [tense] aor.Aἔτῑλα Theoc.3.21
, ([etym.] ἀπ-) Ar.Lys. 578. Fr. 686: [tense] pf. (b.). 121 (iii B.C.):—[voice] Med., [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.τιλλέσθην Il.24.711
: [tense] fut. τῐλοῦμαι ([etym.] παρα-) Men.363.5:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. : 2 [tense] aor. ἐτίλην [ῐ] LXX Da.7.4; [ per.] 3sg. imper.τιλήτωι PFay.131.18
(iii/iv A.D.); part. τειλείς (i.e. τιλ-) PFlor.322.36 (iii A.D.): [tense] pf. , ([etym.] ἐκ-) Anacr.21.10, ([etym.] ἀπο-) Anaxil.22.20, ([etym.] παρα-) Ar.Ra. 516:— pluck or pull outhair, etc.,πολιὰς δ' ἄρ' ἀνὰ τρίχας ἕλκετο χερσί, τίλλων ἐκ κεφαλῆς Il.22.78
; τίλλε κόμην ib. 406; , Her.5;ἐρέβινθον PCair.Zen.719.6
(iii B.C.);τ. στάχυας καὶ ἐσθίειν Ev.Matt.12.1
;τ. χόρτον τοῖς κτῆσι PFlor.321.47
(iii A.D.):— [voice] Med., Χαίτας τίλλεσθαι pluck out one's hair, Od.10.567.2 with acc. of that from which the hair or feathers are plucked, τίλλειν πέλειαν, of birds of prey, 15.527, cf. Hdt.3.76;κίρκον εἰσορῶ.. χηλαῖς κάρα τίλλοντα A.Pers. 209
; τίλλουσι τὴν γλαῦκα, of small birds attacking the owl, Arist.HA 609a15; so of the cuckoo, ib. 618a29 ([voice] Pass.); as a description of an idle fellow,τίλλων ἑαυτόν Ar. Pax 546
, cf. Ra. 428; of a cook, pluck a fowl, Eub.150.5, cf. Plu.2.233a; alsoτ. λαγών Ar.Fr. 212
; τ. πλάτανον pluck its leaves off, Plu.Them. 18; l.c.; κῴδια τ. PPetr.2p.108 = 3p.78 (iii B.C.); also, pluck live sheep, instead of shearing, τοῖς τίλλουσιν τὰ ὑποδίφθερα (sc. πρόβατα) PCair.Zen.430.3 (iii B.C.), cf. Suid. s.v. πεκτῆρες:—[voice] Pass., have one's hair plucked out, Ar.Th. 593; τέφρᾳ τιλθῆναι, as a punishment of adulterers, Id.Nu. 1083; v. παρατίλλω, τέφρα.3 c. acc. cogn., τίλματα τ. Plu.2.48b, cf. Herod.2.70.4 τ. μέλη pluck the harp-strings, play harp-tunes, Cratin.256 (lyr.).6 νεφέλιον παρατεταμένον καὶ τιλλόμενον cirrous, Thphr.Sign.43.II since tearing the hair was a usual expression of sorrow, τίλλεσθαί τινα tear one's hair in sorrow for any one, : without acc.,τιλλόμενοι καὶ κλαίοντες Phld.Ir. p.36
W.III metaph., pluck, vex, annoy, Anacr.13B; στέφανον τ., = τοὺς νόμους λυμαίνεσθαι, Pythag. ap. Porph.VP42:—[voice] Pass., ὑπὸ συκοφαντῶν τίλλεσθαι, with allusion to a bird's feathers, Ar.Av. 285. (Not found in [dialect] Att. Prose.) -
35 τίλμα
II anything that can be pulled or plucked, Plu.2.48b. -
36 φθονέω
A , JHS46.45 (Athens, iii/iv A.D.), AP5.303, 7.607 (Pall.), Nonn.D.3.159:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. in pass. senseφθονήσομαι D.47.70
:—[voice] Pass., futφθονηθήσομαι X.Hier.11.15
: [tense] aor.ἐφθονήθην E.El.30
, X.Mem.4.2.33, etc.: [tense] pf. part.ἐφθονημένος J.AJ6.11.10
, Vett.Val.330.2: ([etym.] φθόνος):— bear ill-will or malice, grudge, be envious or jealous,I abs.,εἴ περ γὰρ φθονέω τε καὶ οὐκ εἰῶ διαπέρσαι, οὐκ ἀνύω φθονέουσα Il.4.55
,56; κρείττων δόξα τῶν φθονούντων too high for envy, D.3.24; εἰ πέφυκε φθονεῖν τὸ θεῖον (cf.φθονερός 1.2
) Arist.Metaph. 982b32: c. acc. etinf., οὔτε τινὰ φθονέω δόμεναι I do not grudge that any should give thee, Od. 18.16;οὐ φθονῶ σ' ὑπεκφυγεῖν S.Ant. 553
; ;ἐφθόνησαν [οἱ θεοὶ] ἄνδρα ἕνα βασιλεῦσαι Hdt.8.109
; ἔφη (sc. ὁ Σωκράτης)φθονεῖν τοῦς ἐπὶ ταῖς φίλων εὐπραξίαις ἀνιωμένους X.Mem.3.9.8
; .2 c. dat. pers.,πτωχὸς πτωχῷ φθονέει καὶ ἀοιδὸς ἀοιδῷ Hes.Op.26
;οὐ φ. ἀγαθοῖς Pi. P.3.71
; ;τισὶ φ. καὶ δυσμενῶς ἔχειν Isoc.12.241
, cf. 8.13; freq. with part. added, φ. τινὶ εὖ πρήσσοντι to envy him for his good fortune, Hdt.7.236, 237;παιδικοῖς φ. οὐσίαν κεκτημένοις Pl.Phdr. 240a
, cf. Lys.27.11; without a Noun expressed, καλῶς πράττουσι, πλουτοῦντι φ., Isoc.1.26, Lys.21.15, etc.: c. dat. rei,φ. τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς τινος X.Cyr.2.4.10
(v.l. ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀγ., cf. Isoc. 1.26;ἐφ' οἷς ἕτεροι ποιήσαντες ἐτιμήθησαν φ. D.20.151
): c. gen. rei, ; οὐδέ τί σε χρὴ ἀλλοτρίων φθονέειν to be envious because of other men's goods Od.18.18: c. dat. pers. et gen. rei, bear a grudge against a person on account of a thing, E.HF 1309.3 resent, c. gen.,τῆς δοκήσεως τῶν κερδῶν Th.3.43
: c. dat. rei, feel righteous indignation at,ταῖς εὐπραγίαις τινῶν Isoc.8.124
; also c. dat. pers., Id.4.184, D.28.18.b φ. τινὶ folld. by ει .., or ἐάν .. take it ill or amiss that.., Hdt.3.146, X.HG2.4.29; μή μοι φθονήσητ', ει .. Ar.Ach. 496: abs., φ. ἐάν τις .. Lys.3.9; φθονεῖς ἄπαις οὖσ', εἰ .. E. Ion 1302; also φ. τινὶ ὅτι .., X.Cyr.3.1.39; φ. ὅτι .. Lys. 24.3, dub.l. in 18.16.II refuse from feelings of envy or ill-will, grudge, c. inf.,οὐκ ἂν φθονέοιμι ἀγορεῦσαι Od.11.381
;μὴ φθόνει κιρνάμεν Pi.I.5(4).24
;φράσαι E.Med.63
;σαυτὸν ἐπιδοῦναι Ar.Th. 249
; μὴ φθονήσῃς is freq. in dialogue, do not refuse to do a thing,μὴ φ. διδάξαι Pl.R. 338a
, cf. Hp.Mi. 372e, Smp. 223a; alsoμὴ φθόνει μοι ἀποκρίνασθαι Id.Grg. 489a
; μὴ φθονήσῃς alone, Id.Prt. 320c; ;οὐδενὶ πώποτε ἐφθόνησα Id.Ap. 33a
: c. part.,μηδέ μοι φθόνει λέγων A.Th. 480
(nisi leg. λόγων): c. acc. et inf.,τί φθονέεις.. ἀοιδὸν τέρπειν; Od.1.346
: c. dat. et inf.,τῇ δ' οὐκ ἂν φθονέοιμι.. ἅψασθαι 19.348
; .2 grudge, refuse to grant a thing,φθονήσας μήτ' ἀπ' οἰωνῶν φάτιν, μήτ' εἴ τινα.. μαντικῆς ἔχεις ὁδόν S.OT 310
: c. dat. pers. et gen. rei,οὔ τοι ἡμιόνων φθονέω Od.6.68
; (lyr.), cf. E.Hec. 238;μή μοι φθονήσῃς τοῦ μαθήματος Pl.Euthd. 297b
, cf. X.Cyr.8.4.16;φ. τοῖς ἑαλωκόσι τῆς σωτηρίας Plb.6.58.5
: c. gen. rei only, to be grudging of a thing, πέπλων, καρποῦ, E.HF 333, Pl.Mx. 238a; μηδ' ὀλίγης φθονέσῃς γαίης JHS l. c.III [voice] Pass., to be envied or begrudged, Hdt.3.52, S.Fr. 188, E.El.30;διὰ σοφίαν φ. ὑπό τινος X.Mem.4.2.33
;ἐπ' ἐσθλοῖς E.Fr. 814
(lyr.);φθονηθέντα ὑπὸ Μοίρης JRS18.30
([place name] Phrygia): c. gen., to be grudged a thing,φ. τοῦ γάμου ὑπὸ δαιμονίου τινός Plu.2.772b
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37 χειραγωγέω
A lead by the hand, τινα LXXJd.16.26 cod. A, Muson.Fr.15Ap.79H., Act.Ap.9.8, Plu.Cleom.38: generally, guide, direct,φρυκτώρια ἐς ἀσφαλεῖς καταγωγὰς τὰς ναῦς χ. Hdn.4.2.8
; χ. τούτῳ τὴν ἔξοδον will guide his exit, Procop.Gaz.p.158B.: metaph.,χ. τὴν εὕρεσιν μνήμῃ Plu.2.48b
;τὴν ψυχὴν ἐπί τι Max.
Tyr.10.6; also 'lead by the nose', cajole, Posidon.36J.: abs., Luc.Tim.32, Porph. Chr.30:—[voice] Pass., LXX To.11.16 cod. <*>,ὑπ' αὐτῶν τῶν πραγμάτων PPetr. 3p.22
(iii B.C.), cf. D.S.13.20;ἐπί τι Hdn.7.1.2
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > χειραγωγέω
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38 ἀρκτέον
I ([etym.] ἄρχομαι) one must begin, ; πάλιν ἀ. ἀπ' ἀρχῆς one must make a fresh start, Pl.Ti. 48b; ἀπὸ τοῦ πρώτου, τῶν πρώτων, τῶν γνωρίμων ἀ., Arist.Metaph. 1013a3, GA 737b25, EN 1095b2, cf. Str.15.1.1.II ([etym.] ἄρχω) one must govern,τινί τινος Isoc. 14.10
: abs., S.OT 628, al. (you must be ruled, i.e. obey).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀρκτέον
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39 ἄν
ἄν (A), [pron. full] [ᾰ], [dialect] Ep., Lyr., [dialect] Ion., Arc., [dialect] Att.; also κεν) [dialect] Ep., [dialect] Aeol., Thess., κᾱ [dialect] Dor., [dialect] Boeot., El.; the two combined in [dialect] Ep. (infr. D. 11.2) and Arc.,Aεἰκ ἄν IG5(2).6.2
, 15 (iv B. C.):—modal Particle used with Verbs to indicate that the action is limited by circumstances or defined by conditions. In Hom. κε is four times as common as ἄν, in Lyr. about equally common. No clear distinction can be traced, but κε as an enclitic is somewhat less emphatic; ἄν is preferred by Hom. in negative clauses, κε ([etym.] ν) with the relative.A In Simple Sentences, and in the Apodosis of Compound Sentences; here ἄν belongs to the Verb, and denotes that the assertion made by the Verb is dependent on a condition, expressed or implied: thus ἦλθεν he came, ἦλθεν ἄν he would have come (under conditions, which may or may not be defined), and so he might have come; ἔλθοι may he come, ἔλθοι ἄν he would come (under certain conditions), and so he might come.I WITH INDICATIVE:1 with historical tenses, generally [tense] impf. and [tense] aor., less freq. [tense] plpf., never [tense] pf., v. infr.,a most freq. in apodosis of conditional sentences, with protasis implying nonfulfilment of a past or present condition, and apod. expressing what would be or would have been the case if the condition were or had been fulfilled. The [tense] impf. with ἄν refers to continued action, in Hom. always in past time, exc. perh. . 178; later also in [tense] pres. time, first in Thgn.905; πολὺ ἂν θαυμαστότερον ἦν, εἰ ἐτιμῶντο it would be far more strange if they were honoured, Pl.R. 489a; οὐκ ἂν νήσων ἐκράτει, εἰ μή τι καὶ ναυτικὸν εἶχεν he would not have been master of islands if he had not had also some naval power, Th.1.9. The [tense] aor. strictly refers only to past time, Pi.N.11.24, etc.; εἰ τότε ταύτην ἔσχε τὴν γνώμην, οὐδὲν ἂν ὧν νυνὶ πεποίηκεν ἔπραξεν if he had then come to this opinion, he would have accomplished nothing of what he has now done, D.4.5, al., but is used idiomatically with Verbs of saying, answering, etc., as we say I should have said,εἰ μὴ πατὴρ ἦσθ', εἶπον ἄν σ' οὐκ εὖ φρονεῖν S.Ant. 755
, cf. Pl.Smp. 199d, Euthphr. 12d, etc.: the [tense] plpf. refers to completed actions, as ὃ εἰ ἀπεκρίνω, ἱκανῶς ἂν ἤδη παρὰ σοῦ τὴν ὁσιότητα ἐμεμαθήκη I should have already learnt.., ib. 14c;εἰ ὁ ἀνὴρ ἀπέθανεν, δικαίως ἂν ἐτεθνήκει Antipho 4.2.3
.b the protasis is freq. understood: ὑπό κεν ταλασίφρονά περ δέος εἷλεν fear would have seized even the stout-hearted (had he heard the sound), Il.4.421; τὸ γὰρ ἔρυμα τῷ στρατοπέδῳ οὐκ ἂν ἐτειχίσαντο they would not have built the wall (if they had not won a battle), Th.1.11; πολλοῦ γὰρ ἂν ἦν ἄξια for (if that were so) they would be worth much, Pl.R. 374d; οὐ γὰρ ἦν ὅ τι ἂν ἐποιεῖτε for there was nothing which you could have done, i. e. would have done (if you had tried), D.18.43.c with no definite protasis understood, to express what would have been likely to happen, or might have happened in past time: ἢ γάρ μιν ζωόν γε κιχήσεαι, ἤ κεν Ὀρέστης κτεῖνεν ὑποφθάμενος for either you will find him alive, or else Orestes may already have killed him before you, Od.4.546; ὃ θεασάμενος πᾶς ἄν τις ἀνὴρ ἠράσθη δάϊος εἶναι every man who saw this (the 'Seven against Thebes') would have longed to be a warrior, Ar. Ra. 1022; esp. with τάχα, q. v., ἀλλ' ἦλθε μὲν δὴ τοῦτο τοὔνειδος τάχ' ἂν ὀργῇ βιασθὲν μᾶλλον ἢ γνώμῃ φρενῶν, i. e. it might perhaps have come, S.OT 523; τάχα ἂν δὲ καὶ ἄλλως πως ἐσπλεύσαντες (sc. διέβησαν ) and they might also perhaps have crossed by sea (to Sicily) in some other way, Th.6.2, cf. Pl.Phdr. 265b.d ἄν is freq. omitted in apodosi with Verbs expressing obligation, propriety, or possibility, as ἔδει, ἐχρῆν, εἰκὸς ἦν, etc., and sts. for rhetorical effect, εἰ μὴ.. ᾖσμεν, φόβον παρέσχεν it had caused (for it would have caused) fear, E.Hec. 1113. This use becomes more common in later Gk.2 with [tense] fut. ind.:a frequently in [dialect] Ep., usu. with κεν, rarely ἄν, Il.9.167, 22.66, indicating a limitation or condition, ὁ δέ κεν κεχολώσεται ὅν κεν ἵκωμαι and he will likely be angry to whom- soever I shall come, ib.1.139; καί κέ τις ὧδ' ἐρέει and in that case men will say, 4.176;ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι καταλέξω Od.3.80
; so in Lyr.,μαθὼν δέ τις ἂν ἐρεῖ Pi.N.7.68
, cf. I.6(5).59.b rarely in codd. of [dialect] Att. Prose writers,σαφὲς ἂν καταστήσετε Th.1.140
;οὐχ ἥκει, οὐδ' ἂν ἥξει δεῦρο Pl.R. 615d
, cf. Ap. 29c, X.An.2.5.13; dub. in Hp.Mul.2.174: in later Prose, Philostr. V A2.21, S E.M.9.225: also in Poetry, E.El. 484, Ar.Av. 1313;οὐκ ἂν προδώσω Herod.6.36
(corr. - δοίην):— for ἄν with [tense] fut. inf. and part. v. infr.II WITH SUBJUNCTIVE, only in [dialect] Ep., the meaning being the same as with the [tense] fut. ind. (1.2a), freq. with [ per.] 1st pers., as εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώῃσιν, ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι in that case I will take her myself, Il.1.324; πείθευ, ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι εἰδέω χάριν obey and if so I will be grateful, 14.235 (the subj. is always introduced by δέ in this usage); also with other persons, giving emphasis to the future, , al.III WITH OPTATIVE (never [tense] fut., rarely [tense] pf. πῶς ἂν λελήθοι [με]; X.Smp.3.6):a in apodosis of conditional sentences, after protasis in opt. with εἰ or some other conditional or relative word, expressing a [tense] fut. condition:ἀλλ' εἴ μοί τι πίθοιο, τό κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη Il.7.28
;οὐ πολλὴ ἂν ἀλογία εἴη, εἰ φοβοῖτο τὸν θάνατον; Pl.Phd. 68b
:—in Hom. [tense] pres. and [tense] aor. opt. with κε or ἄν are sts. used like [tense] impf. and [tense] aor. ind. with ἄν in Attic, with either regular ind. or another opt. in the protasis: καί νύ κεν ἔνθ' ἀπόλοιτο.. εἰ μὴ.. νόησε κτλ., i. e. he would have perished, had she not perceived, etc., Il.5.311, cf. 5.388, 17.70; εἰ νῦν ἐπὶ ἄλλῳ ἀεθλεύοιμεν, ἦ τ' ἂν ἐγὼ.. κλισίηνδε φεροίμην if we were now contending in another's honour, I should now carry.., ib.23.274: so rarely in Trag., οὐδ' ἂν σὺ φαίης, εἴ σε μὴ κνίζοι λέχος (for εἰ μὴ ἔκνιζε) E.Med. 568.b with protasis in [tense] pres. or [tense] fut., the opt. with ἄν in apodosi takes a simply future sense: φρούριον δ' εἰ ποιήσονται, τῆς μὲν γῆς βλάπτοιεν ἄν τι μέρος they might perhaps damage, Th.1.142, cf. 2.60, Pl.Ap. 25b, R. 333e;ἢν οὖν μάθῃς.. οὐκ ἂν ἀποδοίην Ar.Nu. 116
, cf. D.1.26, al.c with protasis understood:φεύγωμεν· ἔτι γάρ κεν ἀλύξαιμεν κακὸν ἦμαρ Od.10.269
; οὔτε ἐσθίουσι πλείω ἢ δύνανται φέρειν· διαρραγεῖεν γὰρ ἄν for (if they should do so) they would burst, X. Cyr.8.2.21; τὸν δ' οὔ κε δύ' ἀνέρε.. ἀπ' οὔδεος ὀχλίσσειαν two men could not heave the stone from the ground, i. e. would not, if they should try, Il.12.447; , cf. D.2.8: in Hom. sts. with ref. to past time, .d with no definite protasis implied, in potential sense: ἡδέως δ' ἂν ἐροίμην Λεπτίνην but I would gladly ask Leptines, D.20.129; βουλοίμην ἄν I should like , Lat. velim (but ἐβουλόμην ἄν I should wish, if it were of any avail, vellem); ποῖ οὖν τραποίμεθ' ἄν; which way then can we turn? Pl.Euthd. 290a; οὐκ ἂν μεθείμην τοῦ θρόνου I will not give up the throne, Ar.Ra. 830; idiomatically, referring to the past, αὗται δὲ οὐκ ἂν πολλαὶ εἶεν but these would not (on investigation) prove to be many, Th.1.9; εἴησαν δ' ἂν οὗτοι Κρῆτες these would be (i. e. would have been) Cretans, Hdt.1.2: used in order to soften assertions by giving them a less positive form, as οὐκ ἂν οὖν πάνυ γέ τι σπουδαῖον εἴη ἡ δικαιοσύνη, i.e. it would not prove to be, etc. (for, it is not, etc.), Pl.R. 333e.e in questions, expressing a wish:τίς ἂν θεῶν.. δοίη; S.OC 1100
, cf.A.Ag. 1448;πῶς ἂν θάνοιμι; S.Aj. 389
: hence (with no question) as a mild command, exhortation, or entreaty, ; σὺ μὲν κομίζοις ἂν σεαυτὸν ᾗ θέλεις you may take yourself off (milder than κόμιζε σεαυτόν), S.Ant. 444; χωροῖς ἂν εἴσω you may go in, El. 1491; κλύοις ἂν ἤδη, Φοῖβε hear me now, Phoebus, ib. 637; φράζοις ἄν, λέγοις ἄν, Pl.Phlb. 23c, 48b.f in a protasis which is also an apodosis: εἴπερ ἄλλῳ τῳ ἀνθρώπων πειθοίμην ἄν, καὶ σοὶ πείθομαι if I would trust any (other) man (if he gave me his word), I trust you, Id.Prt. 329b; εἰ μὴ ποιήσαιτ' ἂν τοῦτο if you would not do this (if you could), D.4.18, cf. X.Mem.1.5.3, Plot.6.4.16.g rarely omitted with opt. in apodosis: , cf. 14.123, Il.5.303; also in Trag.,θᾶσσον ἢ λέγοι τις E.Hipp. 1186
;τεὰν δύνασιν τίς.. κατάσχοι; S.Ant. 605
.h ἄν c. [tense] fut. opt. is prob. always corrupt (cf. 1.2b), as τὸν αὐτὸν ἂν ἐπαινέσοι ( ἐπαινέσαι Bekk.) Pl.Lg. 719e; εἰδὼς ὅτι οὐδέν' ἂν καταλήψοιτο ( οὐδένα Bekk.) Lys.1.22.IV WITH INF. and PART. (sts. ADJ. equivalent to part.,τῶν δυνατῶν ἂν κρῖναι Pl.R. 577b
) representing ind. or opt.:1 [tense] pres. inf. or part.:a representing [tense] impf. ind., οἴεσθε τὸν πατέρα.. οὐκ ἂν φυλάττειν; do you think he would not have kept them safe? ([etym.] οὐκ ἂν ἐφύλαττεν), D.49.35; ἀδυνάτων ἂν ὄντων [ὑμῶν] ἐπιβοηθεῖν when you would have been unable, Th.1.73, cf. 4.40.b representing [tense] pres. opt., πόλλ' ἂν ἔχων (representing ἔχοιμ' ἄν)ἕτερ' εἰπεῖν παραλείπω D. 18.258
, cf. X.An.2.3.18: with Art., .2 [tense] aor. inf. or part.:a representing [tense] aor. ind., οὐκ ἂν ἡγεῖσθ' αὐτὸν κἂν ἐπιδραμεῖν; do you not think he would even have run thither? ([etym.] καὶ ἐπέδραμεν ἄν), D.27.56; ἴσμεν ὑμᾶς ἀναγκασθέντας ἄν we know you would have been compelled, Th.1.76, cf. 3.89; ῥᾳδίως ἂν ἀφεθείς when he might easily have been acquitted, X.Mem.4.4.4.b representing [tense] aor. opt., οὐδ' ἂν κρατῆσαι αὐτοὺς τῆς γῆς ἡγοῦμαι I think they would not even be masters of the land ([etym.] οὐδ' ἂν κρατήσειαν), Th.6.37, cf. 2.20; ὁρῶν ῥᾳδίως ἂν αὐτὸ ληφθέν ([etym.] ληφθείη ἄν) Id.7.42; οὔτε ὄντα οὔτε ἂν γενόμενα, i.e. things which are not and never could happen ([etym.] ἃ οὔτε ἂν γένοιτο), Id.6.38.3 [tense] pf. inf. or part. representing:a [tense] plpf. ind., πάντα ταῦθ' ὑπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων ἂν ἑαλωκέναι ([etym.] φήσειεν ἄν ) he would say that all these would have been destroyed by the barbarians ([etym.] ἑαλώκη ἄν), D.19.312.b [tense] pf. opt., οὐκ ἂν ἡγοῦμαι αὐτοὺς δίκην ἀξίαν δεδωκέναι, εἰ.. καταψηφίσαισθε I do not believe they would (then) have suffered ([etym.] δεδωκότες ἂν εἶεν) punishment enough, etc., Lys.27.9.4 [tense] fut. inf.or part., never in [dialect] Ep., and prob. always corrupt in [dialect] Att., νομίζων μέγιστον ἂν σφᾶς ὠφελήσειν (leg. - ῆσαι) Th.5.82, cf. 6.66, 8.25,71; part. is still more exceptional, (codd.), cf. D.19.342 (v. l.); both are found in later Gk.,νομίσαντες ἂν οἰκήσειν οὕτως ἄριστα Plb.8.30.8
, cf. Plu.Marc.15, Arr.An.2.2.3; with part., Epicur. Nat.14.1, Luc.Asin.26, Lib.Or.62.21, dub. l. in Arr.An.6.6.5.I In the protasis of conditional sentences with εἰ, regularly with the subjunctive. In Attic εἰ ἄν is contracted into ἐάν, ἤν, or ἄν ([etym.] ᾱ) (q. v.): Hom. has generally εἴ κε (or αἴ κε), sts. ἤν, onceεἰ δ' ἄν Il.3.288
, twiceεἴπερ ἄν 5.224
, 232. The protasis expresses either future condition (with apod. of [tense] fut. time) or general condition (with apod. of repeated action): εἰ δέ κεν ὣς ἔρξῃς καί τοι πείθωνται Ἀχαιοί, γνώσῃ ἔπειθ' ὅς .. if thus thou shalt do.., ib.2.364; ἢν ἐγγὺς ἔλθῃ θάνατος, οὐδεὶς βούλεται θνῄσκειν if death (ever) come near.., E.Alc. 671.2 in relative or temporal clauses with a conditional force; here ἄν coalesces with ὅτε, ὁπότε, ἐπεί, ἐπειδή, cf. ὅταν, ὁπόταν, ἐπήν or ἐπάν ([dialect] Ion. ἐπεάν) , ἐπειδάν: Hom. has ὅτε κε (sts. ὅτ' ἄν) , ὁππότε κε (sts. ὁπότ' ἄν or ὁππότ' ἄν) , ἐπεί κε (ἐπεὶ ἄν Il.6.412
), ἐπήν, εὖτ' ἄν; v. also εἰσόκε ([etym.] εἰς ὅ κε):—τάων ἥν κ' ἐθέλωμι φίλην ποιήσομ' ἄκοιτιν whomsoever of these I may wish.., Il.9.397; ὅταν δὴ μὴ σθένω, πεπαύσομαι when I shall have no strength.., S.Ant.91; ἐχθρὸς γάρ μοι κεῖνος.. ὅς χ' ἕτερον μὲν κεύθῃ ἐνὶ φρεσίν, ἄλλο δὲ εἴπῃ who ever conceals one thing in his mind and speaks another, Il.9.312, cf. D.4.6, Th.1.21. —Hom. uses subj. in both the above constructions (1 and 2 ) without ἄν; also Trag. and Com., S.Aj. 496, Ar.Eq. 805; μέχρι and πρίν occasionally take subj. without ἄν in prose, e.g. Th.1.137,4.16 ([etym.] μέχρι οὗ), Pl.Phd. 62c, Aeschin.3.60.3 in final clauses introduced by relative Advbs., as ὡς, ὅπως (of Manner), ἵνα (of Place), ὄφρα, ἕως, etc. (of Time), freq. in [dialect] Ep.,σαώτερος ὥς κε νέηαι Il.1.32
;ὄφρα κεν εὕδῃ Od.3.359
;ὅπως ἂν εἰδῇ.. φράσω A.Pr. 824
;ὅπως ἂν φαίνηται κάλλιστος Pl.Smp. 198e
; (where ὅπως with [tense] fut. ind. is the regular constr.); also after ὡς in Hdt., Trag., X.An.2.5.16, al., once in Th.6.91 (but [tense] fut. ind. is regular in [dialect] Att.); ἵνα final does not take ἄν or κε exc.ἵνα εἰδότες ἤ κε θάνωμεν ἤ κεν.. φύγοιμεν Od.12.156
( ἵνα = where in S.OC 405). μή, = lest, takes ἄν only with opt. in apodosis, as S.Tr. 631, Th.2.93.II in [dialect] Ep. sts. with OPTATIVE as with subj. (always κε ([etym.] ν), exc.εἴ περ ἂν αὐταὶ Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν Il.2.597
),εἴ κεν Ἄρης οἴχοιτο Od.8.353
; ὥς κε.. δοίη ᾧ κ' ἐθέλοι that he might give her to whomsoever he might please, ib.2.54: so in Hdt. in final clauses, 1.75,99:—in Od.23.135 ὥς κέν τις φαίη, κέν belongs to Verb in apod., as inὡς δ' ἂν ἥδιστα ταῦτα φαίνοιτο X.Cyr.7.5.81
.2 rarely in oratio obliqua, where a relat. or temp. word retains an ἄν which it would have with subj. in direct form, S.Tr. 687, X.Mem.1.2.6, Isoc.17.15;ἐπειδὰν δοκιμασθείην D.30.6
:—similarly after a preceding opt.,οὐκ ἀποκρίναιο ἕως ἂν.. σκέψαιο Pl.Phd. 101d
.III rarely with εἰ and INDICATIVE in protasis, only in [dialect] Ep.:1 with [tense] fut. ind. as with subj.:αἴ κεν Ἰλίου πεφιδήσεται Il.15.213
:—so with relat.,οἵ κέ με τιμήσουσι 1.175
.2 with εἰ and a past tense of ind., once in Hom.,εἰ δέ κ' ἔτι προτέρω γένετο δρόμος Il.23.526
; so Ζεὺς γάρ κ' ἔθηκε νῆσον εἴ κ' ἐβούλετο Orac. ap. Hdt.1.174, cf. Ar.Lys. 1099 (cod. R), A.R.1.197.IV in later Greek, ἄν with relative words is used with INDICATIVE in all tenses, asὅπου ἂν εἰσεπορεύετο Ev.Marc.6.56
;ὅσ' ἂν πάσχετε PFay. 136
(iv A. D.);ἔνθ' ἂν πέφυκεν ἡ ὁλότης εἶναι Phlp. in Ph.436.19
; cf. ἐάν, ὅταν.C with [tense] impf. and more rarely [tense] aor. ind. in ITERATIVE construction, to express elliptically a condilion fulfilled whenever an opportumty offered; freq. in Hdt. (not in Pi. or A.), κλαίεσκε ἂν καὶ ὀδυρέσκετο she would (i. e. used to) weep and lament, 3.119;εἶτα πῦρ ἂν οὐ παρῆν S.Ph. 295
; εἴ τινες ἴδοιεν.., ἀνεθάρσησαν ἄν whenever they saw it, on each occasion, Th.7.71;διηρώτων ἂν αὐτοὺς τί λέγοιεν Pl.Ap. 22b
: inf. representing [tense] impf. of this constr., ἀκούω Λακεδαιμονίους τότε ἐμβαλόντας ἂν.. ἀναχωρεῖν, i. e. I hear they used to retire ([etym.] ἀνεχώρουν ἄν), D.9.48.D GENERAL REMARKS:I POSITION OF ἄν.1 in A, when ἄν does not coalesce with the relat. word (as in ἐάν, ὅταν), it follows directly or is separated only by other particles, as μέν, δέ, τε, ga/r, kai/, νυ, περ, etc.; asεἰ μέν κεν.. εἰ δέ κε Il.3.281
-4; rarely by τις, asὅποι τις ἄν, οἶμαι, προσθῇ D.2.14
:—in Hom. and Hes. two such Particles may precede κε, asεἴ περ γάρ κεν Od.8.355
, cf. Il.2.123; εἰ γάρ τίς κε, ὃς μὲν γάρ κε, Hes.Op. 280, 357; rarely in Prose,ὅποι μὲν γὰρ ἄν D.4.45
;ὁπότερος οὖν ἄν Ar.Ra. 1420
: alsoὁπόσῳ πλέον ἄν Pl.Lg. 647e
, cf. 850a; .2 in apodosis, ἄν may stand either next to its Verb (before or after it), or after some other emphatic word, esp. an interrog., a negative (e. g. οὐδ' ἂν εἷς, οὐκ ἂν ἔτι, etc.), or an important Adjective or Adverb; also after a participle which represents the protasis, λέγοντος ἄν τινος πιστεῦσαι οἴεσθε; do you think they would have believed it if any one had told them? ([etym.] εἴ τις ἔλεγεν, ἐπίστευσαν ἄν), D.6.20.3 ἄν is freq. separated from its inf. by such Verbs as οἴομαι, δοκέω, φημί, οἶδα, etc., οὐκ ἂν οἴει .. ; freq. in Pl., Grg. 486d, al.; καὶ νῦν ἡδέως ἄν μοι δοκῶ κοινωνῆσαι I think that I should, X.Cyr.8.7.25;οὕτω γὰρ ἄν μοι δοκεῖ ἥ τε πόλις ἄριστα διοικεῖσθαι Aeschin.3.2
; ἃ μήτε προῄδει μηδεὶς μήτ' ἂν ᾠήθη τήμερον ῥηθῆναι (where ἄν belongs to ῥηθῆναι) D. 18.225:—in the phrase οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ, or οὐκ ἂν οἶδ' εἰ, ἄν belongs not to οἶδα, but to the Verb which follows, οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ πείσαιμι, for οὐκ οἶδα εἰ πείσαιμι ἄν, E.Med. 941, cf. Alc.48;οὐκ ἂν οἶδ' εἰ δυναίμην Pl. Ti. 26b
;οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ ἐκτησάμην X.Cyr.5.4.12
.4 ἄν never begins a sentence, or even a clause after a comma, but may stand first after a parenthetic clause,ἀλλ', ὦ μέλ', ἄν μοι σιτίων διπλῶν ἔδει Ar. Pax
<*>37.II REPETITION OF ἄν:—in apodosis ἄν may be used twice or even three times with the same Verb, either to make the condition felt throughout a long sentence, or to emphasize certain words,ὥστ' ἄν, εἰ σθένος λάβοιμι, δηλώσαιμ' ἄν S.El. 333
, cf. Ant.69, A.Ag. 340, Th.1.76 (fin.), 2.41, Pl.Ap. 31a, Lys.20.15; , cf. S.Fr. 739; attached to a parenthetical phrase, ἔδρασ' ἄν, εὖ τοῦτ' ἴσθ' ἄν, εἰ .. Id.OT 1438.2 ἄν is coupled with κε ([etym.] ν ) a few times in Hom., as Il.11.187, 202, Od.5.361, al.; cf. ἤν περ γάρ κ' ἐθέλωσιν v.l. ib.18.318.III ELLIPSIS OF VERB:—sts. the Verb to which ἄν belongs must be supplied, in Hom. only εἰμί, as τάτ' ἔλδεται ὅς κ' ἐπιδευής (sc. ᾖ) Il.5.481; ἀλλ' οὐκ ἂν πρὸ τοῦ (sc. ἔρρεγκον) Ar.Nu.5; τί δ' ἂν δοκεῖ σοι Πρίαμος (sc. πρᾶξαι), εἰ τάδ' ἤνυσεν; A.Ag. 935
:—so in phrases like πῶς γὰρ ἄν; and πῶς οὐκ ἄν (sc. εἴη); also in ὥσπερ ἂν εἰ (or ὡσπερανεί), as φοβούμενος ὥσπερ ἂν εἰ παῖς (i. e. ὥσπερ ἂν ἐφοβήθη εἰ παῖς ἦν) Pl.Grg. 479a; so τοσοῦτον ἐφρόνησαν, ὅσον περ ἂν (sc. ἐφρόνησαν)εἰ.. Isoc.10.48
:—so also when κἂν εἰ ( = καὶ ἂν εἰ) has either no Verb in the apod. or one to which ἄν cannot belong, Pl.R. 477a, Men. 72c; cf. κἄν:—so the Verb of a protasis containing ἄν may be understood, ὅποι τις ἂν προσθῇ, κἂν μικρὰν δύναμιν (i. e. καὶ ἐὰν προσθῇ) D.2.14; ὡς ἐμοῦ οὖν ἰόντος ὅπῃ ἂν καὶ ὑμεῖς (sc. ἴητε) X.An.1.3.6.IV ELLIPSIS OF ἄν:—when an apodosis consists of several co-ordinate clauses, ἄν is generally used only in the first and understood in the others:πείθοι' ἂν εἰ πείθοι'· ἀπειθοίης δ' ἴσως A.Ag. 1049
: even when the construction is continued in a new sentence, Pl.R. 352e, cf. 439b codd.: but ἄν is repeated for the sake of clearness or emphasis, ib. 398a, cf. D.19.156 (where an opt. is implied with the third ὡς): rarely expressed with the second of two co-ordinate Verbs and understood with the first, τοῦτον ἂν.. θαρσοίην ἐγὼ καλῶς μὲν ἄρχειν, εὖ δ' ἂν ἄρχεσθαι θέλειν (i. e. καλῶς μὲν ἂν ἄρχοι, εὖ δ' ἂν θέλοι ἄρχεσθαι) S.Ant. 669.------------------------------------ἄν (B), [pron. full] [ᾱ], [dialect] Att.,A = ἐάν, ἤν, Th.4.46 codd., al.; freq. in Pl.,ἂν σωφρονῇ Phd. 61b
; ἂν θεὸς θέλῃ ib. 80d, cf. D.4.50;ἄν τ'.. ἄν τε Arist. Ath.48.4
: not common in earlier [dialect] Att. Inscrr., IG1.2a5, 2.179b49, al.: but freq. later, SIG1044.27 (iv/iii B. C.), PPetr.2p.47 (iii B. C.), PPar.32.19 (ii B. C.), PTeb.110.8 (i B. C.), Ev.Jo.20.23, etc.------------------------------------ἄν (C) or [full] ἀν, Epic form of ἀνά, q. v.------------------------------------ -
40 ἐλύδριον
ἐλύδριον, τό,= χελιδόνιον, used to make yellow dye, PHolm.11.16, PLeid.X.68, Ps.-Democr.Alch.p.48B., v.l. in Paul.Aeg.3.2.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐλύδριον
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