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1 bajt
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2 bòlna
bòlna Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `membrane'Page in Trubačev: II 175-177Church Slavic:Russian:Old Russian:Ukrainian:bolóna `membrane, window-pane' [f ā]Czech:blána `film, membrane, web (of water-fowl), sap-wood' [f ā]Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:Lower Sorbian:Slovene:blȃna `membrane, thin skin, parchment' [f ā]Bulgarian:blaná `manure (used as fuel), turf' [f ā]Lithuanian:bálnas `white, having a white back (cattle)' [adj] 3Indo-European reconstruction: bʰolH-neh₂Page in Pokorny: 118Comments: Both Trubačëv and Sɫawski are inclined to derive bolna `membrane, sapwood' and bolna `turf, meadow' from a root meaning `white'. Though the relationship between `membrane' and `white' may not be obvious, the relationship between the usually light-coloured sapwood and `white' is unproblematic. In view of the semantic similarities between `sapwood' and `membrane', the etymology advocated by Trubačëv and Sɫawski may very well be correct. The connection between * bolna `turf, meadow' and * bolto `swamp', where an etymology involving the root for `white' is widely accepted, seems quite plausible. -
3 bordà
bordà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `beard'Page in Trubačev: II 197-198Old Church Slavic:Russian:Belorussian:baradá `beard' [f ā]Ukrainian:borodá `beard, chin' [f ā]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Slovincian:brùodă `beard' [f ā]Upper Sorbian:Lower Sorbian:Polabian:brödă `chin, throat' [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:bráda `beard, chin' [f ā], brȃdu [Accsg];brȁda `axe' [f ā];Čak. brå̄dȁ (Vrgada) `beard, chin' [f ā], brå̑du [Accs];Čak. brādȁ (Orbanići) `chin, beard' [f ā], brȃdu [Accs]Slovene:bráda `beard, (beardless) chin' [f ā]Bulgarian:bradá `chin, beard' [f ā]Macedonian:Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bordáʔLithuanian:barzdà `beard' [f ā] 4Latvian:bā̀rda `beard' [f ā];Old Prussian:bordus (EV) `beard'Page in Pokorny: 110Comments: Possibly a North Indo-European substratum word. In PIE terms - but with "European" a - the reconstrction is * bʰardʰeh₂.Other cognates: -
4 bordatъ
bordatъ Grammatical information: adj. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `bearded'Page in Trubačev: II 198-199Church Slavic:Russian:borodátyj `bearded' [adj o]Belorussian:baradáty `bearded' [adj o]Ukrainian:borodátyj `bearded' [adj o]Czech:bradatý `bearded' [adj o]Slovak:bradatý `bearded' [adj o]Polish:Slovincian:bro_dȧ̃tï `bearded' [adj o]Upper Sorbian:Lower Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:bràdat `bearded' [adj o]Slovene:bradàt `bearded' [adj o]Bulgarian:bradát `bearded' [adj o]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bordáʔ-to-Lithuanian:barzdótas `bearded' [adj o]Page in Pokorny: 110Comments: Adjective in *- to- derived from -> *bordà.Other cognates: -
5 či
či Grammatical information: conj.Page in Trubačev: IV 109-110Church Slavic:či `because' [conj];Russian:či (dial.) `if, or' [conj]Czech:či `if' [conj]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:či `if' [conj]Slovene:čì `if' [conj]Indo-European reconstruction: kwiHPage in Pokorny: 646Other cognates:Av. čī `how' [adv];OE hwȳ, hwī `why' [adv] -
6 čixati
čixati; čьxati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `sneeze'Page in Trubačev: IV 110Russian:čixát' `sneeze' [verb];čxát' `sneeze' [verb]Ukrainian:čxáty `sneeze' [verb]Polish:czchać (dial.) `sneeze' [verb];czychać (dial.) `sneeze' [verb]Upper Sorbian:čichać `sneeze' [verb]Slovene:číhati `sneeze' [verb], čȋham `sneeze' [1sg] -
7 čьxati
čixati; čьxati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `sneeze'Page in Trubačev: IV 110Russian:čixát' `sneeze' [verb];čxát' `sneeze' [verb]Ukrainian:čxáty `sneeze' [verb]Polish:czchać (dial.) `sneeze' [verb];czychać (dial.) `sneeze' [verb]Upper Sorbian:čichać `sneeze' [verb]Slovene:číhati `sneeze' [verb], čȋham `sneeze' [1sg] -
8 greti
greti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `dig, scrape, rake'Page in Trubačev: VII 109-110Old Church Slavic:Russian:grestí `row, rake' [verb], grebú [1sg], grebët [3sg]Czech:hře(b)sti `bury' [verb]Old Czech:hřésti `bury' [verb], hřebu [1sg]Slovak:Polish:grześć `bury' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:grèpsti `scrape, scratch' [verb], grèbēm [1sg];Čak. grȅs (Orbanići) `scratch' [verb], grebȅn [1sg]Slovene:grébsti `dig, comb' [verb], grébem [1sg]Bulgarian:grebá `spoon, scoop, rake, row' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: grebteiLithuanian:grė́bti `rake, seize, rob' [verb] \{1\}Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: gʰrebʰ-teiOther cognates:Skt. gr̯bʰṇā́ti `seize, take, hold' [verb];Notes:\{1\} The acute root vowel is analogical after gróbti `seize' (Derksen 1996: 321-322). -
9 gribati
gribati Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: VII 109-110Russian:gríbat'sja (arch., dial.) `frown, become angry, pull faces' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:Bulgarian:gríbam (dial.) `bury' [verb]Other cognates:Skt. gr̯bʰṇā́ti `seize, take, hold' [verb]; -
10 kādìti
kādìti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `burn incense'Page in Trubačev: IX 109-110Old Church Slavic:Russian:kadít' `burn incense' [verb], kažú [1sg], kadít [3sg]Czech:Slovak:Polish:kadzić `burn incense' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:káditi `smoke, burn incense' [verb], kȃdīm [1sg];Čak. kå̄dȉti (Vrgada) `smoke, burn incense' [verb], kå̃dīš [2sg];Čak. kōdȉt (Hvar) `smoke, burn incense' [verb], kódin [1sg];Čak. kādȉt (Orbanići) `incense' [verb]Slovene:kadíti `smoke, cover with dust' [verb], kadím [1sg]Bulgarian:kadjá `burn incense, smoke' [verb]Comments: The accentuation of the Serbo-Croatian forms points to AP (b), but the evidence of the other languages rather points to (c). Due to the absence of reliable cognates, the reconstruction of the root presents difficulties (-> * čadъ). In the case of *kādìti, we may be dealing with a lengthened grade *ō. -
11 krasьnъ
krasьnъ Grammatical information: adj. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `beautiful'Page in Trubačev: XII 109-110Old Church Slavic:Russian:krásnyj `red, (obs., coll.) beautiful' [adj o]Czech:krásný `beautiful, pretty' [adj o]Slovak:krásny `beautiful, pretty' [adj o]Polish:kraśny (poet.) `red, beautiful' [adj o]Serbo-Croatian:krȃsan `beautiful, pretty' [adj o];krásan `beautiful, pretty' [adj o]Slovene:krásǝn `splendid, beautiful' [adj o] -
12 lemešь
lemešь; lemežь Grammatical information: m. jo Proto-Slavic meaning: `ploughshare, plough'Page in Trubačev: XIV 108-110Old Church Slavic:Russian:lémeš `ploughshare' [m jo];leméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Belorussian:ljaméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Ukrainian:lemíš `ploughshare' [m jo], lemešá [Gens]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:lemięsz `ploughshare' [m jo];Slovincian:leḿǫž `ploughshare' [m jo]Serbo-Croatian:lèmeš `ploughshare' [m jo];lèmež `ploughshare' [m jo];Čak. lemȅš (Orbanići) `ploughshare' [m jo], lemȅša [Gens]Slovene:lémeš `ploughshare' [m jo];lémež `ploughshare' [m jo]Bulgarian:leméž `ploughshare' [m jo]Macedonian:leméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Lithuanian:lẽmežis `wooden part of the plough' [m io];lãmežis (dial.) `wooden part of the plough' [m io]Latvian:Page in Pokorny: 674 -
13 lemežь
lemešь; lemežь Grammatical information: m. jo Proto-Slavic meaning: `ploughshare, plough'Page in Trubačev: XIV 108-110Old Church Slavic:Russian:lémeš `ploughshare' [m jo];leméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Belorussian:ljaméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Ukrainian:lemíš `ploughshare' [m jo], lemešá [Gens]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:lemięsz `ploughshare' [m jo];Slovincian:leḿǫž `ploughshare' [m jo]Serbo-Croatian:lèmeš `ploughshare' [m jo];lèmež `ploughshare' [m jo];Čak. lemȅš (Orbanići) `ploughshare' [m jo], lemȅša [Gens]Slovene:lémeš `ploughshare' [m jo];lémež `ploughshare' [m jo]Bulgarian:leméž `ploughshare' [m jo]Macedonian:leméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Lithuanian:lẽmežis `wooden part of the plough' [m io];lãmežis (dial.) `wooden part of the plough' [m io]Latvian:Page in Pokorny: 674 -
14 mogti
mogti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `be able'Page in Trubačev: XIX 107-111Old Church Slavic:Russian:Czech:Slovak:Polish:móc `be able' [verb], mogę [1sg], może [3sg]Serbo-Croatian:mòći `be able' [verb], mògu [1sg], mȍžē [3sg];Čak. mȍći (Vrgada) `be able' [verb], mȏgu [1sg], mȍže [3sg];Čak. mȍć (Orbanići) `can, be able (to), be allowed (to)' [verb], mȍren [1sg]Slovene:móči `be able, must' [verb], mǫ́rem [1sg], mórem [1sg]Bulgarian:móga `be able, be allowed' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: mog-Lithuanian:magė́ti `please, interest' \{1\} [verb], mãga [3sg]Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: mogʰ-IE meaning: be able, capablePage in Pokorny: 695Comments: The generally accepted apophonic relationship between Slavic *mogti, Lith. magė́ti etc. on the one hand and mė́gti `love, like', Latv. mêgt `be able, be accustomed to' on the other cannot be maintained if one adheres to the view that the lengthened grade yielded a Balto-Slavic circumflex. The acute of the latter verbs may be due to Winter's law (*h₁meǵ- if cognate with Gk. περιημεκτέω `be aggrieved, chafe'). The o-vocalism of magė́ti and the Slavic and the Germanic forms points to an old perfect. For the semantic development `to be able' -> `to like', cf. Go. mag vs. MoHG mögen. As Pokorny remarks himself, his reconstruction *magʰ-, māgʰ- is entirely based on the presumed connection of the aforementioned forms with Gk. μηχανή `means, instrument', μη̃χος `instrument, apparatus', Dor. μᾱχᾱνα, μα̃ χος, which was rejected by Endzelīns (1931: 183), Fraenkel (1951, 168), Stang (1972, 37) a.o. for various reasons (cf. ESSJa X: 110) but nevertheless reappears in Lehmann 1986 (239).Other cognates:Skt. maghá- `power, wealth, gift';Notes:\{1\} The verb usually occurs in impersonal constructions. \{2\} The scholarly community is divided with respect to the question whether massi is a borrowing from Slavic (viz. Polish może) or a genuine Prussian form (see Mažiulis III: 114 for the relevant literature). -
15 nicь
nicь Grammatical information: adj. jo Proto-Slavic meaning: `lying face downwards'Page in Trubačev: XXV 109-110Old Church Slavic:Russian:Czech:nicí (obs.) `lying face downwards' [adj jo];Old Czech:nicí `lying face downwards' [adj jo]Bulgarian:nícọm (dial.) `face downwards, with downcast eyes' [adv]Indo-European reconstruction: ni-Hko-Other cognates:Skt. ni `downwards' [adv];Skt. nīcā́ `downwards'
См. также в других словарях:
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