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(in+competition)

  • 1 certāmen

        certāmen inis, n    [certo], a decisive contest, measuring of forces, struggle, strife, dispute, dissension, rivalry, competition: inter clarissimos duces: de urbis possessione: cum alqo: regni, L.: nostrum: certamina domi finita, civil dissensions, L.: inter mortalīs vine an virtute, etc., S.: certamina divitiarum, H. — A battle, fight, struggle, combat, engagement: ubi res ad certamen venit, S.: in certamine ipso, L.: medio in certamine, V.: ita vario certamine pugnatum est, such were the changing aspects of the battle, Cs.: humanum, between men, L.: pari certamine geri, with equal numbers, Cs.: pugnae, O.: navale, V.: non temptato certamine, L.: me in certamina poscere, challenge, V. — A trial, race, match, contest, struggle: gladiatorium: Instituit celebri certamine ludos, O.: celebrata sancto certamina patri, V.: cursūs, O.: equus certamine primus, H.: ponam certamina classis, make a match, V.: Velocis iaculi certamina ponit, V.—Meton., rivalry, competition, emulation, ambition, zeal: honoris et gloriae: pugna mediocri certamine commissa: olli certamine summo Procumbunt, V.: magni certaminis dimicatio, L.— A prize: tanti certaminis heres, O.
    * * *
    contest, competition; battle, combat, struggle; rivalry; (matter in) dispute

    Latin-English dictionary > certāmen

  • 2 certātim

        certātim adv.    [2 certo], in rivalry, emulously, zealously, with competition: quem amamus, vie in loving: saxa mittere, S.: cantat nauta atque via tor, H.—Earnestly, zealously, eagerly: umeris infundere rores, V.: Actaeona clamant (comites), O.: Delphi totā ex urbe ruentes, Ct.: conlucent ignibus agri, rival one another in splendor, V.
    * * *
    with rivalry, in competition; earnestly, eagerly (L+S)

    Latin-English dictionary > certātim

  • 3 aemulātiō

        aemulātiō ōnis, f    [aemulor], rivalry, emulation, competition: inter alquos, N.: gloriae, L.: honoris, Ta.: vitiosa.— Plur, jealousies, C.
    * * *
    rivalry, ambition; unfriendly rivalry; (envious) emulation, imitation

    Latin-English dictionary > aemulātiō

  • 4 certātiō

        certātiō ōnis, f    [2 certo], a competition, contest, strife, rivalry: inter eos honesta, honorable rivalry: iniqua, unfair. — A dispute, discussion: relinquitur virtuti cum voluptate certatio: omissā multae certatione, the demand of a fine, L.
    * * *
    striving; contest; struggling for superiority/mastery; (fight/sports/legal)

    Latin-English dictionary > certātiō

  • 5 certō

        certō āvī, ātus, āre, freq.    [certus], to match, vie with, fight, contend, struggle, combat, do battle: armis cum hoste, an venenis?: pugnis, calcibus: proelio, S.: de salute, Ta.: de ambiguo agro bello, L.: acie, V.: animis iniquis, V.: in Bruti salute certatur: maximā vi certatur, S. — Fig., to contend, struggle, strive: inter se quo iure certarent: in centumvirali iudicio: provocatione, L.: si quid se iudice certes, H.: foro si res certabitur olim, be tried, H.: cui (multae) certandae cum dies advenisset, L.: certata lite deorum Ambracia, the subject of arbitration, O.: quicum omni ratione certandum sit: (carmina) certantia iudice Tarpā, recited in competition, H. — To contend, compete, wrestle, struggle, strive, vie, match: cursu cum aequalibus, S.: si nautae certarent, quis eorum potissimum gubernaret: dic, mecum quo pignore certes (in music), V.: Carmine vilem ob hircum, H.: solus tibi certat Amyntas, is your only rival, V.: Certent et cycnis ululae, V.—With inf: Phoebum superare canendo, V.: aequales certat superare legendo (violas), O.: inter se eruere quercum, V.: praedas certantes agere, with all their might, S.: Avidi gloriae certantes murum petere, striving to outdo one another, S.—Fig., to compete, vie, emulate, rival: Benedictis si certasset, T.: cum civibus de virtute, S.: cum aliorum improbitate: contumaciā adversus nobiles, L.: vobiscum de amore rei p.: virtute oportere, non genere certari.—Poet.: viridique certat Baca Venafro, H.: decerpens Certantem uvam purpurae, H.: (hunc) tergeminis tollere honoribus (i. e. tollendo), H.
    * * *
    I
    certare, certavi, certatus V
    vie (with), contest, contend/struggle (at law/politics), dispute; fight, strive
    II
    certius, certissime ADV
    certainly, definitely, really, for certain/a fact, truly; surely, firmly

    Latin-English dictionary > certō

  • 6 contentiō

        contentiō ōnis, f    [com-+2 TA-], a stretching, straining, exertion, tension, effort, struggle: vocis: studiorum: ferre tantam contentionem: dicendi: honorum, for honors: libertatis, L.—A contest, contention, strife, fight, dispute, controversy: contentiones proeliorum: magna belli: in re pecuniariā: tanta mecum: contentiones, quas Aedui secum habuissent, Cs.: adversus procuratores, Ta. — A comparison, contrast: hominum ipsorum: fortunarum.—In rhet., formal speech, oratory, C. —A contrast, antithesis, C.— Stress: vocis, i. e. the arsis.
    * * *
    stretching, tension; strenuous exercise (physical/mental); comparison (of ADJ); competition, struggle, effort, exertion; controversy, contention, contrast; raising voice, speaking passionately/vigorously/formally; intensification

    Latin-English dictionary > contentiō

  • 7 competitio

    agreement; judicial demand; rivalry, competition

    Latin-English dictionary > competitio

  • 8 concurrentia

    I
    concurrence; mutual participation
    II

    Latin-English dictionary > concurrentia

  • 9 concurro

    con-curro, curri, cursum, 3 ( perf. redupl. concucurrit, Flor. 4, 2, 33 Duker N. cr.: concucurrisse, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 901 P., and Suet. Caes. 15; cf. Liv. 1, 12 Oud., and Ind. Flor. s. h. v. Duker), v. n.
    I.
    To run together (of several persons), to come or assemble together in multitudes, to rush or flock together in crowds (very freq., and class.).
    A.
    Prop.
    1.
    Absol.:

    tota Italia concurret,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16: video hac tempestate concurrisse omnis adversarios, Cato ap. Prisc. 10, p. 901 P.:

    concurrunt jussu meo plures uno tempore librarii,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 13:

    cum omnes, ut mos est, concurrerent,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 65:

    licet concurrant omnes plebei philosophi, nihil tam eleganter explicabunt, etc.,

    unite, id. Tusc. 1, 23, 55:

    multi concurrerant,

    Nep. Dion, 10, 1; Sall. J. 60, 6:

    concurrite, concurrite, cives,

    Val. Max. 4, 1, 12.— Impers.: contionem inprimis advocari jubet;

    summā cum expectatione concurritur,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13.—
    2.
    Designating the place from which, or the place or purpose to or for which:

    non solum qui in urbe erant, sed etiam undique ex agris concurrerunt,

    Nep. Pelop. 3, 3:

    undique gentes,

    Luc. 3, 321:

    concurrunt laeti mi obviam cupedinarii omnes,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 25: ad hos (sc. Druides) magnus adulescentium numerus disciplinae causā concurrit, Caes. B. G. 6, 13; cf. Quint. 1, 2, 16:

    ad eum magnae copiae,

    Sall. C. 56, 5:

    ad eum homines omnium ordirum corruptissimi,

    id. H. 1, 48, 7 Dietsch:

    ad curiam,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 7, 18 (corresp. to convolare ad Rostra); Liv. 4, 60, 1; Suet. Tit. 11:

    domum tuam cuncta civitas,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 80:

    ad arma milites,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 22 fin.; so id. ib. 5, 39 fin.:

    ad non dubiam mortem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89:

    ad auxilium sociae,

    Luc. 3, 663:

    signum dedit, ut ad me restituendum Romam concurrerent,

    Cic. Mil. 15, 39:

    omnes concurrerunt ad Perdiccam opprimendum,

    united together, Nep. Eum. 3, 1; id. Phoc. 2, 5:

    ad aliquem audiendum,

    Suet. Caes. 32. — Impers.:

    concurritur undique ad commune incendium restinguendum,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 21:

    concurrendum ad curiam putare,

    id. Rab. Post. 7, 18:

    cum ad arma concurri oporteret,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 20:

    ex proximis castellis eo concursum est,

    id. ib. 2, 33:

    concursum ad curiam esse,

    Liv. 4, 60, 1: Suet. Calig. 6; Quint. 1, 2, 16.—
    * b.
    Poet., to run in attendance upon, to accompany:

    est quibus Eleae concurrit palma quadrigae, as it were,

    follows him on foot, accompanies, Prop. 3, 9 (4, 8), 17.—
    B.
    Trop. = confugere, to run for refuge or help, to take refuge (rare):

    ad C. Aquilium,

    Cic. Quint. 16, 53 B. and K.:

    nulla sedes, quo concurrant,

    Cic. Att. 8, 3, 4:

    ne darem perditis civibus hominem, quo concurrerent,

    id. Ep. ad Brut. 2, 2, 3:

    interea servitia repudiabat (Catilina), opibus conjurationis fretus,

    Sall. C. 56, 5; Just. 19, 1, 9.—
    2.
    Of words, as under military command:

    ante enim circumscribitur mente sententia confestimque verba concurrunt, quae mens eadem... statim dimittit, ut suo quodque loco respondeat,

    Cic. Or. 59, 200.—
    II.
    To run upon one another, to meet or dash together (class.).
    A.
    Of corporeal objects.
    1.
    In gen.:

    concurrunt nubes ventis,

    Lucr. 6, 97; cf. id. 6, 116:

    ne prorae concurrerent,

    Liv. 37, 30, 4 (al. prorā; cf. Weissenb. ad loc.); cf. id. 44, 42, 5; Luc. 3, 663:

    mediis concurrere in undis (montes, viz., the Symplegades),

    Ov. M. 7, 62; cf. id. Am. 2, 11, 3:

    concurrere montes duo inter se,

    Plin. 2, 83, 85, § 199: actor cum stetit in scaenā, concurrit dextera laevae (viz., in applauding), Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 205:

    labra concurrunt,

    draw together, close, Sen. Ep. 11, 2: os concurrit, id. Ira, 3, 15, 1; id. Ben. 2, 1, 3:

    os,

    Quint. 10, 7, 8; 11, 3, 121.— Transf., of letters and words:

    aspere concurrunt litterae,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 172 (opp. diduci); so id. Or. 45, 154.—Hence,
    2.
    In partic., milit. t. t., to rush together in hostility, to engage in combat, to join battle, to fight (most freq. in the histt.); constr. inter se, cum aliquo, adversus, in, contra aliquem, alicui, and absol.
    (α).
    Inter se:

    concurrunt equites inter se,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 25; so Liv. 26, 51, 4; 29, 18, 10; Suet. Oth. 12; Verg. G. 1, 489; id. A. 10, 436.—
    (β).
    Cum aliquo:

    cum hoc concurrit ipse Eumenes,

    Nep. Eum. 4, 1; so Liv. 8, 8, 15; Vell. 2, 70, 1; Suet. Oth. 10; Ov. M. 13, 87.—
    (γ).
    Adversus, in, or contra aliquem:

    recenti milite adversus fessos longo itinere concurrerat,

    Liv. 35, 1, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    in aliquem,

    Sall. J. 97, 4; Just. 4, 1, 10: equites contra tantam multitudinem audacissime concurrunt, run upon, against, etc., Auct. B. Afr. 6.—
    (δ).
    Alicui (freq. in the poets):

    audet viris concurrere virgo,

    Verg. A. 1, 493; 10, 8; Ov. M. 5, 89; 12, 595 al.:

    quibus (equitibus) cum inpigre, Numidae concurrissent,

    Liv. 24, 15, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.—
    (ε).
    Absol.: repente Antonius in aciem suas copias de vico produxit et sine morā concurrit, Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 3:

    cum infestis signis concurrunt,

    Sall. C. 60, 2; so Liv. 6, 7, 6; 8, 7, 9 al.; Tac. A. 6, 35; id. H. 2, 42; Suet. Claud. 21:

    ex insidiis,

    Liv. 9, 25, 8; 2, 11, 9:

    mutuis vulneribus,

    Sen. Suas. 7, 14.— Impers. pass.:

    ubi propius ventum est, utrimque magno clamore concurritur,

    Sall. J. 53, 2; so Liv. 10, 40, 13; Hor. S. 1, 1, 7.— Transf.:

    adversus has concurrentis belli minas, legati vallum murosque firmabant,

    Tac. H. 4, 22 init. —
    b.
    Not in war; in the jurists, to make the same claim, enter into competition with:

    si non sit, qui ei concurrat, habeat solus bonorum possessionem,

    Dig. 37, 1, 2:

    in hereditatem fratri concurrere,

    ib. 5, 2, 16:

    in pignus,

    ib. 20, 4, 7: in pignore, ib.—
    c.
    Trop. (rare): in tantā causarum varietate cum alia colligantur vel ipsa inter se concurrant, vel in diversum ambiguitate ducantur, Quint. 12, 2, 15:

    cum dolore,

    Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 2:

    concurrit illinc publica, hinc regis salus,

    Sen. Oedip. 830.—
    B.
    Of abstract objects (occurrences, circumstances, points of time, etc.), to meet, concur, fall out at the same time, happen:

    multa concurrunt simul,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 31; so,

    concurrunt multae opiniones,

    id. Heaut. 2, 2, 3:

    tot verisimilia,

    id. Ad. 4, 4, 19:

    res contrariae,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 10, 28:

    ista casu,

    id. Div. 2, 68, 141:

    quae ut concurrant omnia, optabile est,

    id. Off. 1, 14, 45:

    saepe concurrunt aliquorum bene de me meritorum inter ipsos contentiones,

    id. Planc. 32, 78:

    si quid tale accidisset, ut non concurrerent nomina,

    that the reciprocal accounts do not meet, become due on the same day, id. Att. 16, 3, 5; cf.:

    sponsalia in idem tempus,

    Dig. 3, 2, 13:

    concurrit actio legis Aquiliae et injuriarum,

    to have place together, to be coincident, ib. 9, 2, 5.—
    2.
    Pregn., to accord, agree with (in jurid. Lat.):

    concurrit cum veritate,

    Dig. 29, 2, 30:

    cum summā,

    ib. 29, 30, 53.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > concurro

  • 10 metuo

    mĕtŭo, ŭi, ūtum (cf.:

    nimis ante metutum,

    Lucr. 5, 1140), 3, v. a. and n. [metus], to fear, be afraid of a person or thing; to hesitate, not to venture, not to wish (syn.: vereor, formido, timeo); with inf., with ne, to fear lest; with ui or ne non, to fear that not; also of inanimate things, with acc., to fear, revere, reverence one; as a v. n., to fear, be afraid, be in fear, be apprehensive, esp. as the effect of the idea of threatening evil (whereas timere usually denotes the effect of some external cause of terror); to dread, apprehend; with an indirect interrogation: non metuo quin, for non dubito quin, I doubt not but; to be anxious about any one; with dat. (class.).
    I.
    Act.: quem metuont oderunt, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 2, 7, 23 (Trag. v. 403 Vahl.):

    deos et amo et metuo,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 73:

    male ego metuo milvos,

    id. ib. 5, 5, 13:

    metuebant (senem) servi, verebantur liberi,

    Cic. Sen. 11, 37:

    tu, qui crimen ais te metuisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 30, § 78: nec pol istae metuunt Deos, Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 6:

    absentem patrem,

    id. Phorm. 1, 2, 68:

    nec metuit quemquam,

    id. Ad. 1, 2, 5.—With ab:

    quid a nobis metuit?

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 12:

    a me insidias,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 6, 2:

    supplicia a vobis metuere debent,

    to fear from you, id. Rosc. Am. 3, 8:

    a quo (Ajace) sibi non injuriā summum periculum metuebat,

    Auct. Her. 2, 19, 29:

    a quo domino sibi metuebat graves cruciatus,

    Aug. Lib. Arbitr. 1, 4, 9; Gregor. M. Homil. 1, 14, 2; Aug. cont. Acad. 2, 8.—With ex:

    si periculum ex illis metuit,

    Sall. C. 52, 16.—With de:

    de lanificio neminem metuo, una aetate quae sit,

    i. e. no one's competition in spinning, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 22.—Of inanim. subjects:

    quae res cotidie videntur, minus metuunt furem,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 22.—
    (β).
    With inf.:

    metuont credere omnes,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 70:

    ut tentare spem certaminis metuunt,

    Liv. 32, 31:

    nil metuunt jurare,

    Cat. 64, 146:

    reddere soldum,

    not to wish, be averse to, Hor. S. 2, 5, 65:

    praebere,

    id. Ep. 1, 18, 1.—Of nonpersonal subjects:

    illum aget pennā metuente solvi Fama superstes,

    Hor. C. 2, 2, 7. —
    (γ).
    With ne:

    nimis metuebam male, ne abiisses,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 8:

    male metuo ne... morbus aggravescat,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 2:

    fratrem, ne intus sit (Gr. construction),

    id. Eun. 3, 5, 62.—
    (δ).
    With ut:

    ornamenta, quae locavi, metuo, ut possim recipere,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 3:

    metuo ut hodie possim emolirier,

    id. Bacch. 4, 5, 2:

    metuo ut substet hospes,

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 11:

    ut sis vitalis,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 61.—
    (ε).
    With ne non:

    metuo ne non sit surda,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 12; id. Pers. 4, 6, 4:

    metuis ne non, quom velis, convincas esse illum tuom?

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 15.—
    (ζ).
    With quin:

    non metuo meae quin uxori latae suppetiae sient,

    Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 54.—
    (η).
    With object-clause, to await with fear, anxiety; to be in apprehension, concerned about:

    metuo, patres quot fuerint,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 35:

    metui, quid futurum denique esset,

    I dreaded, awaited with fear, Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 8: metuo quid agam. Sy. Metuis? quasi non ea potestas sit tua, etc., id. ib. 4, 3, 42:

    metuo qualem tu me esse hominem existumes,

    id. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—
    (θ).
    Pass. with dat.:

    jam maturis metuendus Juppiter uvis,

    Verg. G. 2, 419. —
    (ι).
    Absol.:

    se e contempto metuendum fecit,

    Sall. H. 1, 48, 3.—
    B.
    (Eccl. Lat.) Of religious fear, to revere, dread, hold in reverence:

    Deum,

    Vulg. Lev. 25, 43:

    Dominum Deum nostrum,

    id. Jer. 5, 24:

    sanctuarium meum,

    id. Lev. 19, 30.—
    II.
    Neutr., to fear, be afraid, be apprehensive, etc.
    (α).
    With de:

    neque tam de suā vitā, quam de me metuit,

    fears not so much for his own life as for me, Cic. Att. 10, 4, 6.—
    (β).
    With ab:

    metuens ab Hannibale,

    afraid of Hannibal, Liv. 23, 36.—
    (γ).
    With pro:

    metuere pro aliquo,

    Petr. 123.—
    (δ).
    With dat., to be anxious about or for a person or thing:

    metuens pueris,

    Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 60:

    inopi metuens formica senectae,

    Verg. G. 1, 186:

    tum decuit metuisse tuis,

    id. A. 10, 94.—Hence, mĕtŭens, entis, P. a., fearing, afraid of any thing; anxious for any person or thing; with gen. or absol. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    contentus parvo metuensque futuri,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 110:

    metuens virgae,

    Juv. 7, 210.— Comp.:

    quo non metuentius ullum Numinis ingenium,

    Ov. F. 6, 259:

    Nero metuentior in posterum,

    Tac. A. 13, 25.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > metuo

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