ἰθαίνω

ἰθαίνω,

A = εὐφρονῶ, Hsch.: etym. of ἰθαγενής, A.D.Adv.187.25;

ἴθαινε θυμόν Anon.

ap. An.Ox.1.61 (cf.

ἰθαινάθυμος Theognost.Can. 81

). (Cogn. with ἰθαρός.)

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `kindle', Med. intr. `burn (with light)' (Il.)

Other forms: pres. only.

Compounds: On Αἰθίοπες s.s.v. On κακ-ιθής, s. κέγκει

Derivatives: αἶθος m. `burning heat' (E.) = Skt. édha- m. `firewood', OHG eit m., OE ād `blaze, pyre'; αἰθός `glowing', also `colour of fire, dark', also αἴθων, - ωνος (Il.) and αἶθοψ (see on the meanings Beekes, Gl. 73, 1995\/6, 15-17). - αἶθος n. `fire' (A. R.) = Skt. édhas- n. `firewood', but the Greek word is late. - αἰθόλικες `pustule, pimple' (Hp., Gal.) (cf. πομφόλυξ `bubble'). αἰθύσσω came to mean also `stir up' (Sapph.); deriv. καταῖθυξ ( ὄμβρος ὁ καταιθύσσων H.); diff. Pisani Paideia 15, 1950, 245f. - αἴθυια f. name of a bird (s. Thompson Birds s. v.), also epithet of Athena, s. Kiock Arch. f. Religionswiss. 18, 127ff. but also Kretschmer Glotta 9, 229f., mostly explained as a colour name, but rather a substratum word (Szemerényi 1964 = Syncope, 207, Beekes 1998 FS Watkins 25 on - υια.). On αἴθουσα `hemlock, Conium maculatum' (Ps.-Dsc.) see CEG 4 (from `black') - On αἰθήρ, αἰθάλη, αἴθουσα see s. vv.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [11] * h₂eidʰ- `kindle'

Etymology: Old PIE verbal root, of which the zero grade * h₂idʰ- appears in ἰθαρός, ἰθαίνω. Sanskrit has the root form idh-, with a nasal present i-n-ddhé `id.' (of which ἰθαίνω may be a reminiscence). αἶθος m. can be of PIE date, s. above. Av. aēsma- m. `firewood', Lith. íesmė `id.', Lat. aedes, aestas, aestus, Germanic e.g. OHG eit (s. above), ON. eisa f. `burning coals'.

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Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `arid, barren' (Il.).

Derivatives: καγκάνεος `id.' (Man.) Denomin. καγκαίνει θάλπει, ξηραίνει; also with change ν: λ καγκαλέα κατακεκαυμένα H., unless innovation after the many adjectives for `arid' in - αλέος ( ἀζαλέος, αὑαλέος etc.). - Without suffix καγκομένης ξηρᾶς τῳ̃ φόβῳ H. and πολυ-καγκής adjunct of δίψα (Λ 642), perhaps shaped to κάγκομαι in καγκο-μένης (cf. Schwyzer 513).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: With κάγκανος etc. were connected words for `hunger, pain': the fullgrade primary verbs κέγκει πεινᾳ̃ (Phot.), Lith. keñkia, Inf. keñkti `ache' (prop. *`burns, wither'), secondary OWNo. hā `tease, pain', PGm. * hanhōn (cf. Wißmann Nom. postv. 1, 42), and the verbal nouns Lith. kankà `pain', Germ., e. g. Goth. huhrus ` hunger' with huggrjan `hunger' (zero grade with grammat. change; old r- stem?). Uncertain is Skt. kaṅkāla- m. n. `skeleton' (cf. σκελετός), and desiderative Skt. kāṅkṣati `desire' (from *`burning desire'?), cf. Mayrhofer KEWA s. vv. The nasal in κάγκανος etc., which does not fit kenk-, konk-, kn̥k-, must be secondary (cf. Schwyzer 343). - Schulze KZ 29, 269f. = Kl. Schr. 329; s. also Bechtel Lex. s. v. and Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. keñkti. Acc. to Schulze l. c. here also the H.-glosses κακιθής ἄτροφος ἄμπελος, κακιθές χαλεπόν, λιμηρές, κακιθά λιμηρά (sec. member to αἴθω, ἰθαίνω); but Chantr. notes that the first member could then also be κακός); but if the word is Pre-Greek, κακ- cannot come from it. S. also κάχρυς. - Because of the nasal, and the a-vocalism, one rather expects a Pre-Greek word. The words compared mean `hunger, pain' and not primarily `arid'.

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