נכרים

עָבַד(b. h.) ( to work) 1) to serve, work for. Gitt.IV, 5 עוֹבֵד את רבווכ׳ works one day for his master, and one for himself; a. fr. Esp. to do priestly service. Ḥull.24b אחיו הכהנים … לַעֲבוֹדוכ׳ his brother priests allow him not to serve, until he is twenty years of age. 2) to prepare; to till the ground; to dress (hides). Gen. R. s. 22 קין עובד אדמה Cain the tiller of the ground. Y.Ab. Zar. II, 41b bot. גוי עוֹבְדָן; Tosef. ib. IV (V), 10 עוֹבְדוֹ, v. דָּבַב I; (Bab. ib. 33a עיבדן). Y.Sabb.I, 4b top נתן כלים … ומצאו עובד בווכ׳ if one gave a gentile garments to wash, and found him working at them on the Sabbath; a. fr.Part. pass. עָבוּד, pl. עֲבוּדִין dressed, v. infra. 3) (v. עֲבוֹדָה) to use esp. for idolatrous purposes; to worship. Tem.VI, 1, v. infra. Ab. Zar. III, 7 (defining אשרה) כל שעוֹבְדִין אותה a tree which is itself worshipped (not one at which idolatrous rites are performed). Ib. הואיל … הן עובדין since they worship merely the image (under the tree). Snh.VII, 6 העובדע״ז אחד העובדוכ׳ he who worships an idol, whether he goes through the regular forms of that particular worship (v. ib. 60b), or sacrifices Ab. Zar. III, 5 העכומ״ז העובדיןוכ׳ as to idolaters that worship mountains and hills (as deities), they (the territories) may be used, but what is on them is forbidden. Ib. 45b אילן … ולבסוף עֲבָדוֹ if one planted a tree and afterwards made it a subject of worship. Ib. 46a ועוֹבְדֵיהֶן בסייף and those (Jews) who worship them are put to death by the sword; Tosef. ib. VI (VII), 8. Sabb.56b אילמלי לא … ולא עָבְדוּ ישראלע״א had David not listened to evil gossip (against Mephibosheth), … Israel would not have worshipped idols (under Jeroboam). Ib. 105b עד שיאמר לו עֲבוֹדע״ז until he (the tempter) finally tells him, worship idols; Tosef.B. Kam. IX, 31. Ḥull.13b נכרים שבח״ל לאו עוֹבְדֵיע״א הן gentiles outside of Palestine must not be considered as idolaters; a. v. fr. Nif. נֶעֱבַד 1) to be prepared, dressed. Tosef. B. Kam. l. c. עורות שאינן נֶעֱבָדִין ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. עֲבוּדִין) undressed hides; a. e. 2) to be used, esp. for illicit purposes; to be worshipped. Tem. l. c. המוקצה והנ׳ the animal designated for idolatrous purposes and the one used; expl. כל שעובדין אותו whatever they may use it for ((e. g. yoking the ox, shearing the sheep for the benefit of idolatrous temples). Ib. 28a נעבדה בהן עבירה an illicit act has been done with them (by coupling them); ib. לא נֵתְעַבְּדָה בה עבירה no sinful act has been done with it (by which to unfit it for the altar). Ab. Zar.46b יש נ׳ במחובר אצל גבוה does the law forbidding the use in divine worship of objects which have been used for idolatrous purposes include things fixed in the ground? Ib. יש שינוי בנ׳ does change of form restore to legitimate use objects otherwise forbidden on account of their use in connection with idolatry? a. fr. Nithpa. נַתְעַבֵּד same, v. supra. Hif. הֶעֱבִיד to enslave, oppress. Yalk. Ex. 162 הֶעֱבִידוֹ בכלוכ׳ he (Esau) oppressed him with all sorts of troubles. Pi. עִיבֵּד to prepare, esp. to dress hides. Sabb.VII, 2 (among the labors forbidden on the Sabbath) והמְעַבֵּד את עורו dressing the hide of the deer (to fit it for parchment). Ib. 75b חייב משום מעבד is guilty of a Sabbath offence coming under the category of tanning. Gitt.54b גוילין … לא עִיבַּדְתִּין לשמן I did not prepare the parchment sheets with the proper intention; a. fr.

עָבַד(b. h.) ( to work) 1) to serve, work for. Gitt.IV, 5 עוֹבֵד את רבווכ׳ works one day for his master, and one for himself; a. fr. Esp. to do priestly service. Ḥull.24b אחיו הכהנים … לַעֲבוֹדוכ׳ his brother priests allow him not to serve, until he is twenty years of age. 2) to prepare; to till the ground; to dress (hides). Gen. R. s. 22 קין עובד אדמה Cain the tiller of the ground. Y.Ab. Zar. II, 41b bot. גוי עוֹבְדָן; Tosef. ib. IV (V), 10 עוֹבְדוֹ, v. דָּבַב I; (Bab. ib. 33a עיבדן). Y.Sabb.I, 4b top נתן כלים … ומצאו עובד בווכ׳ if one gave a gentile garments to wash, and found him working at them on the Sabbath; a. fr.Part. pass. עָבוּד, pl. עֲבוּדִין dressed, v. infra. 3) (v. עֲבוֹדָה) to use esp. for idolatrous purposes; to worship. Tem.VI, 1, v. infra. Ab. Zar. III, 7 (defining אשרה) כל שעוֹבְדִין אותה a tree which is itself worshipped (not one at which idolatrous rites are performed). Ib. הואיל … הן עובדין since they worship merely the image (under the tree). Snh.VII, 6 העובדע״ז אחד העובדוכ׳ he who worships an idol, whether he goes through the regular forms of that particular worship (v. ib. 60b), or sacrifices Ab. Zar. III, 5 העכומ״ז העובדיןוכ׳ as to idolaters that worship mountains and hills (as deities), they (the territories) may be used, but what is on them is forbidden. Ib. 45b אילן … ולבסוף עֲבָדוֹ if one planted a tree and afterwards made it a subject of worship. Ib. 46a ועוֹבְדֵיהֶן בסייף and those (Jews) who worship them are put to death by the sword; Tosef. ib. VI (VII), 8. Sabb.56b אילמלי לא … ולא עָבְדוּ ישראלע״א had David not listened to evil gossip (against Mephibosheth), … Israel would not have worshipped idols (under Jeroboam). Ib. 105b עד שיאמר לו עֲבוֹדע״ז until he (the tempter) finally tells him, worship idols; Tosef.B. Kam. IX, 31. Ḥull.13b נכרים שבח״ל לאו עוֹבְדֵיע״א הן gentiles outside of Palestine must not be considered as idolaters; a. v. fr. Nif. נֶעֱבַד 1) to be prepared, dressed. Tosef. B. Kam. l. c. עורות שאינן נֶעֱבָדִין ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. עֲבוּדִין) undressed hides; a. e. 2) to be used, esp. for illicit purposes; to be worshipped. Tem. l. c. המוקצה והנ׳ the animal designated for idolatrous purposes and the one used; expl. כל שעובדין אותו whatever they may use it for ((e. g. yoking the ox, shearing the sheep for the benefit of idolatrous temples). Ib. 28a נעבדה בהן עבירה an illicit act has been done with them (by coupling them); ib. לא נֵתְעַבְּדָה בה עבירה no sinful act has been done with it (by which to unfit it for the altar). Ab. Zar.46b יש נ׳ במחובר אצל גבוה does the law forbidding the use in divine worship of objects which have been used for idolatrous purposes include things fixed in the ground? Ib. יש שינוי בנ׳ does change of form restore to legitimate use objects otherwise forbidden on account of their use in connection with idolatry? a. fr. Nithpa. נַתְעַבֵּד same, v. supra. Hif. הֶעֱבִיד to enslave, oppress. Yalk. Ex. 162 הֶעֱבִידוֹ בכלוכ׳ he (Esau) oppressed him with all sorts of troubles. Pi. עִיבֵּד to prepare, esp. to dress hides. Sabb.VII, 2 (among the labors forbidden on the Sabbath) והמְעַבֵּד את עורו dressing the hide of the deer (to fit it for parchment). Ib. 75b חייב משום מעבד is guilty of a Sabbath offence coming under the category of tanning. Gitt.54b גוילין … לא עִיבַּדְתִּין לשמן I did not prepare the parchment sheets with the proper intention; a. fr.

פַּרְהֲגַבְנָא, פַּרְהֲגַוְנָאm. (a Babylonian corrupt. of parangaria, v. פַּרְהַנְגַּרְיָא) the office of public service, sub. בעל the suprintendent of public labors, in gen. tax collector. B. Kam. 117a מסרה לפרהגב׳ דמלכא Ms. M. (ed. פַּרְהַגְנָא; Ms. H. פרהגמוניא; Ms. R. פַּרְהַנְגָּא; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he surrendered it (the object of litigation) to the royal office (or officer, for confiscation). Erub.36b הא בפ׳וכ׳ (ed. Sonc. בפדח גבאני דמלכא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 100; Rashi בפרהגכני) in the one case the officer of public service is meant (by נכרים), in the other, the town officers. B. Mets.83b אשכח לההוא פ׳ דמלכאוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. פרהגונא only) he met the royal officer who was seizing thieves (persons without regular occupations) for the public service; cmp. אַנְּגְּרַבְטֵיס.Pl. פַּרְהֲגַבְנֵי, v. supra.

פַּרְהֲגַבְנָא, פַּרְהֲגַוְנָאm. (a Babylonian corrupt. of parangaria, v. פַּרְהַנְגַּרְיָא) the office of public service, sub. בעל the suprintendent of public labors, in gen. tax collector. B. Kam. 117a מסרה לפרהגב׳ דמלכא Ms. M. (ed. פַּרְהַגְנָא; Ms. H. פרהגמוניא; Ms. R. פַּרְהַנְגָּא; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he surrendered it (the object of litigation) to the royal office (or officer, for confiscation). Erub.36b הא בפ׳וכ׳ (ed. Sonc. בפדח גבאני דמלכא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 100; Rashi בפרהגכני) in the one case the officer of public service is meant (by נכרים), in the other, the town officers. B. Mets.83b אשכח לההוא פ׳ דמלכאוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. פרהגונא only) he met the royal officer who was seizing thieves (persons without regular occupations) for the public service; cmp. אַנְּגְּרַבְטֵיס.Pl. פַּרְהֲגַבְנֵי, v. supra.

פַּרְהֲגַבְנָא, פַּרְהֲגַוְנָאm. (a Babylonian corrupt. of parangaria, v. פַּרְהַנְגַּרְיָא) the office of public service, sub. בעל the suprintendent of public labors, in gen. tax collector. B. Kam. 117a מסרה לפרהגב׳ דמלכא Ms. M. (ed. פַּרְהַגְנָא; Ms. H. פרהגמוניא; Ms. R. פַּרְהַנְגָּא; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he surrendered it (the object of litigation) to the royal office (or officer, for confiscation). Erub.36b הא בפ׳וכ׳ (ed. Sonc. בפדח גבאני דמלכא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 100; Rashi בפרהגכני) in the one case the officer of public service is meant (by נכרים), in the other, the town officers. B. Mets.83b אשכח לההוא פ׳ דמלכאוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. פרהגונא only) he met the royal officer who was seizing thieves (persons without regular occupations) for the public service; cmp. אַנְּגְּרַבְטֵיס.Pl. פַּרְהֲגַבְנֵי, v. supra.

קוֹלָרm. (collare) collar, (Roman) prisoners band or chain around the neck. Y.Ned.IX, beg.41b הנודר … ק׳ על צוארו he who makes a vow is like one putting a collar around his neck. Ib. (read:) לקוסטודיא … וראה ק׳ אחד פנויוכ׳ it is as if a guard passed by (with prisoners), and some one seeing a collar vacant would put his head into it. Gitt.VI, 5 היוצא בק׳וכ׳ if one is led out in chains (a prisoner) and says, write ye a letter of divorce ; Y. ib. 48a bot. לא סוף דבר בק׳ של סכנה אלאאפי׳ בק׳ של ממון this refers not only to a prisoner in danger (to be tried for his life), but also to a prisoner to be tried for a money matter; שכל הק׳וכ׳ for every prisoner is to be considered in danger of his life. Bab. ib. 65b גניבא יוצא בק׳ הוה was taken prisoner; (Y. ib. l. c. אתאפק למתקטלא). Lam. R. introd. (R. Zʿera) העביר ק׳ מצוארווכ׳ he (King Hosea) removed the collar (of responsibility) from his neck, and put it on the neck of the people ; Yalk. Kings 236. Snh.7b, a. e. עשרה … ק׳ תלויוכ׳ if ten men sit in court, the responsibility rests upon every one of them; a. fr.Pl. קוֹלָרִים, קוֹלָרִין.(Midr. Till. to Ps. 10:10 מפיל בקולרים, v. קְלִירוֹס.Y.Ber.VII, 11c (Daniel said,) בניו … בק׳וכ׳ His children are in chains (in the Babylonian exile), where is His strength (that we should say הגבור)? (Yoma 69b נכרים משתעבדים בבניו). Yalk. l. c. אחר מפלתו … שבאו עמו בק׳וכ׳ after the downfall of Sennacherib Ezekiah arose and freed all the people that had come with him in chains (the Egyptian prisoners) ; a. e.Trnsf. a chain of men, gang. Yeb.122a ק׳ של בני אדםוכ׳ a party of men travelling to Antiochia; Tosef. ib. XIV, 7 קוֹלָאר (Var. קולר).Pl. as ab. Kidd.72b ק׳ ק׳ Ar. (ed. only once ק׳), a Var. to צוורני (v. Rashi a. l.), v. צוְורָנָא.

קוֹלָרm. (collare) collar, (Roman) prisoners band or chain around the neck. Y.Ned.IX, beg.41b הנודר … ק׳ על צוארו he who makes a vow is like one putting a collar around his neck. Ib. (read:) לקוסטודיא … וראה ק׳ אחד פנויוכ׳ it is as if a guard passed by (with prisoners), and some one seeing a collar vacant would put his head into it. Gitt.VI, 5 היוצא בק׳וכ׳ if one is led out in chains (a prisoner) and says, write ye a letter of divorce ; Y. ib. 48a bot. לא סוף דבר בק׳ של סכנה אלאאפי׳ בק׳ של ממון this refers not only to a prisoner in danger (to be tried for his life), but also to a prisoner to be tried for a money matter; שכל הק׳וכ׳ for every prisoner is to be considered in danger of his life. Bab. ib. 65b גניבא יוצא בק׳ הוה was taken prisoner; (Y. ib. l. c. אתאפק למתקטלא). Lam. R. introd. (R. Zʿera) העביר ק׳ מצוארווכ׳ he (King Hosea) removed the collar (of responsibility) from his neck, and put it on the neck of the people ; Yalk. Kings 236. Snh.7b, a. e. עשרה … ק׳ תלויוכ׳ if ten men sit in court, the responsibility rests upon every one of them; a. fr.Pl. קוֹלָרִים, קוֹלָרִין.(Midr. Till. to Ps. 10:10 מפיל בקולרים, v. קְלִירוֹס.Y.Ber.VII, 11c (Daniel said,) בניו … בק׳וכ׳ His children are in chains (in the Babylonian exile), where is His strength (that we should say הגבור)? (Yoma 69b נכרים משתעבדים בבניו). Yalk. l. c. אחר מפלתו … שבאו עמו בק׳וכ׳ after the downfall of Sennacherib Ezekiah arose and freed all the people that had come with him in chains (the Egyptian prisoners) ; a. e.Trnsf. a chain of men, gang. Yeb.122a ק׳ של בני אדםוכ׳ a party of men travelling to Antiochia; Tosef. ib. XIV, 7 קוֹלָאר (Var. קולר).Pl. as ab. Kidd.72b ק׳ ק׳ Ar. (ed. only once ק׳), a Var. to צוורני (v. Rashi a. l.), v. צוְורָנָא.