גדר

גָּדַר(b. h.; v. גדד I) 1) to cut, esp. to harvest dates. B. Mets.89b (Ar. גדד, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 300). B. Bath.36b עד שיגדור ג׳ גדירות until he has reaped three date harvests.Y.Sabb.VII, 9c top; Bab. ib. 73b (terms equivalent to קוצר); Y. ib. 10a ed. Krot. הגורד (corr. acc.).Sabb.50a; 125b חריות … שגְּדָרָן לעצים twigs of a date tree which one cut with the intention of using them for fuel; v. גָּדַע.Tosef.Ber.IV, 21; a. fr.Part. pass. גָּדוּר cut down. Tosef.Shebi.IV, 13 כרם ג׳ בציפורי (Var. גדול; R. S. to Shebi. VI, 4 גריד) a ruined vineyard in Zepphoris. 2) to surround with a גֶּדֶר, fence in; to limit, control, ward off. B. Kam.23a שהיה לו לגֹודְרָהּ ולא גְדָרָהּ he ought to have fenced it in and did not do so. Tosef.M. Kat. I, 7 חומת … גֹּודְרִין אותה if a city wall is broken into, we may fence it in (repair it, during the festive week).Gen. R. s. 49 (play on haaf, Gen. 18:23) אתה גֹודֵר את האף והאף לא יִגְדָּרְךָ Thou controllest the anger, but the anger does not control Thee.Y.Ber.IX, end, 14c וגֹודְרָהּ, v. זָקֵן I.Mikv. V, 6 גודר כלים one may form a dam with garments (Tosef. ib. IV, 10 גרר, corr. acc.). Y.Ber.III, 6c דבר שהוא גֹודֵר את ישראל מןוכ׳ a custom which guards Israel from sin. Lev. R. s. 24 מי שהוא גודר עצמווכ׳ (Y.Yeb.II, 3d top פורש) he who guards himself against sin (restraining himself from anything unchaste) is called holy. Gen. R. s. 70 גָּדְרוּ עצמןוכ׳ trained themselves to chastity; a. fr.Part. pass. גָּדוּר abstinent, chaste. Lev. R. s. 22 ומעצמו הוא ג׳ and he will become abstinent of his own accord. Gen. R. l. c. אנשי מזרח גְּדוּרִיםוכ׳ the people of the East are chaste; a. fr.ג׳ פרצה (or sub. פרצה) to fence in a breach, to remedy calamities, also to check lawlessness by preventive measures (v. גְּזֵרָה). Ber.19a שתִּגְדֹּורוכ׳ that Thou repair our breaches (relieve us); B. Bath.91b.Lev. R. s. 1 (play on Abigdor 1 Chr. 4:4) הרבה גֹודְרִיןוכ׳ Israel had many fence-makers (guardians against sin). Ruth. R. s. 2, a. fr.Erub.6a, a. e. ג׳ בה גדר, v. בִּקְעָה.Y.Erub.X, 26b bot. דלת גודרתוכ׳; Tosef. ib. XI (VII), 18 גוררת ed. Zuck., Var. גוד׳, v. גָּרַר.Y.Sabb.XV, 15b top וגדרתא, read וּגְדָרַתָּהּ. Nif. נִגְדָּר to be guarded; to guard ones self. Y.Sabb.XVII, beg.16a כיון שנִגְדְּרוּ (ib. III, 6a top שנִתְגַּדְּרוּ) when they had been trained (to guard against desecrating the Sabbath). Lev. R. s. 32 נ׳ כל הנשיםוכ׳ all women were made chaste through her meritorious example; a. e. Pi. גִּידֵּר to cut into. Gitt.56b; Lev. R. s. 20; 22; Num. R. s. 18 וגִידּ׳ את הפרוכת and cut into the curtain (Koh. R. to V, 8; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 1 וגָד׳). Tosef.Shebi.III, 20 מְגַדֵּר בחורשין Var. (ed. Zuck. מברך) to cut into, to clear thickets, v. בהה. Hithpa. הִתְגַּדֵּר 1) ( to cut onesself off from others, to distinguish ones self, to excel; to raise ones self above others, to arrogate power, he presumptuous. Ber.17a כשם שהוא אינו מִתְגַּדֵּרוכ׳ as he cannot excel in my work (study), so can I not in his (field labor). Ḥull.7a my predecessors have left room for me להִתְגַּדֵּר בו to distinguish myself; Yoma 78a; (Y.Dem.II, 22c bot. עטרה לחתעטר, Ar. להתגדר).Ned.81a כדי שלא יִתְגַּדְּרוּ עלוכ׳ in order that they may not be presumptuous towards the people; v. גָּבַר Hithpa. (Mekh. Bshall., Vayassa 1 כבן שמתגדרוכ׳, v. גָּרַר II. 2) to be trained, v. supra Nif.

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גַּדַּר to roll, v. גַּנְדַּר I.

גְּדַרch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְגַּדֵּר to distinguish ones self, to excel; to raise ones self above others, to arrogate power, he presumptuous); 1) to fence in; to check. B. Kam.23b, v. גְּדֵירָא. Yeb.90b מִיגְדַּר מילתא שאני a measure to check something (an extraordinary measure for checking lawlessness) is something different, allows of no analogies. 2) to cut off, deduct. Esth. R. to I, 4 גַּדרָאנֵיה מן פורני I will deduct it from my dowry. (Ib. to I, 9 אנא מגדיר, v. גְּרַר.

גֶּדֶרI m. (v. גָּדֵיר) fence, partition. Peah II, 3. Y. ib. 16d ג׳ מחובר a hedge, v. חָבַר. B. Kam.23a (read:) ונפל הג׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) and the partition wall fell in; a. v. fr.Trnsf. guard against trespassing the law, restraint, preventive measure (v. גְּזֵרָה). Tosef.ShebiIII, 13 לא גזרו אלא ג׳ שיכול לעמוד they (the scholars) erect only such a fence as can stand, i. e. enact only practicable measures (v. גָּזַר). Snh.21a ג׳ גדול גָּדְרָהוכ׳ Tamar erected a great guard at the time (became a warning to girls). Lev. R. s. 26 the serpent פרץ גִּדְרוֹ של עולם made a breach in the fence of the world (opened the way to lawlessness). Ib. s. 24, a. fr. ג׳ ערוה guard against immorality, chastity, v. גָּדַר; a. fr.Y.Pes.I, 27c bot. ויש ג׳ לג׳ can a preventive rabbinical law (גְּזֵרָה) be enacted as a guard for another preventive law?Pl. גְּדֵרוֹת. Lev. R. s. 24; a. e., v. גָּדֵיר.

גֶּדֶרII, הַגֶּדֶר pr. n. pl. Geder ( Gadara), capital of Peraea, v. גְּדוֹר. Pesik. R. s. 21 (p. 107a> ed. Fr.) מן הגודר (read גדור or גדר), v. גַּיּוּס; ib. (p. 108a>) מן הג׳.R. Hash. 23b, v. גְּדוֹר. Esth. R. to I, 3, v. אַרְכִיּוֹן.Y.Kidd.III, 64d top חמתא דג׳ Ḥamtha (Hot Springs) near G.Sabb.109a מי ג׳ springs of G.Erub.61a; Tosef. ib. VI (V), 13 שיהו בני ג׳ יומיןוכ׳ that the inhabitants of G. were permitted to go down to Ḥamtha (on the Sabbath), but, v. טַטְּרֵג.