τεθνήκασι

τεθνήκᾱσι, θνήσκω

perf ind act 3rd pl

θνῄσκω (with ι IG2.2477.7, 10,2494, Ἀρχ.Ἐφ.1910.73;

A

θνείσκ- IG 2.4040b

; [

ἀποθν]ήισκειν Pl.Phdr.

in PPetr.1p.18 (iii B.C.), but

θνήσκω Did.

ap. EM452.29, freq. in codd.), [dialect] Aeol. [full] θναίσκω Hdn.Gr.2.79, [dialect] Dor. [full] θνᾴσκω Sammelb.6754.22 (iii B.C.): [tense] fut.

θᾰνοῦμαι Simon.85.9

, S.Ant. 462, etc.; [dialect] Ep. inf.

- έεσθαι Il.4.12

; later

θνήξομαι AP9.354

(Leon.), Polyaen.5.2.22 codd.: [tense] aor. 2 ἔθᾰνον, [dialect] Ep.

θάνον Od.11.412

, al.; inf. [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. θανέειν, as always in Hom., exc. Il.7.52,

θανέμεν Pi.P.4.72

: [tense] pf.

τέθνηκα Il.18.12

, etc.; subj.

τεθνήκω Th.8.74

: [tense] plpf.

ἐτεθνήκειν Antipho 5.70

, Lys.19.48; [ per.] 3pl.

- ήκεσαν And.1.52

: short forms of [tense] pf., [ per.] 3 dual

τέθνᾰτον X.An.4.1.19

, [ per.] 1pl.

τέθνᾰμεν Pl.Grg. 493a

, [ per.] 3pl.

τεθνᾶσι Il.22.52

, etc.; [ per.] 3pl. [tense] plpf.

ἐτέθνᾰσαν Antipho 5.70

, And.1.59, X.HG6.4.16; imper.

τέθνᾰθι Il.22.365

,

τεθνάτω 15.496

, IG12.10, Pl. Lg. 933e, etc.; opt.

τεθναίην Il.18.98

, etc.; inf. τεθνάναι [ᾰ] Semon. 3, Hdt.1.31, Ar.Ra. 1012, Pl.Com.68, Th.8.92, etc., τεθνᾶναι dub.l. in Mimn.2.10, A.Ag. 539; [dialect] Ep. τεθνάμεναι, -άμεν, Il.24.225, 15.497, etc.; [dialect] Aeol.

τεθνάκην Sapph.2.15

; part.

τεθνεώς Hdt.9.120

, Ar.Av. 476, etc., fem.

τεθνεῶσα Lys.31.22

, D.40.27 (

τεθνηκυῖα Hippon.29

, E. Or. 109), neut.

τεθνεός Hdt.1.112

, Hp.Nat.Mul.32 (

τεθνηκός Pl.Phd. 71d

, pl.

τεθνεῶτα 72c

); gen. τεθνεῶτος, etc., Hdt.5.68, etc. (once in Hom., dat.

τεθνεῶτι Od.19.331

); poet. τεθνεότος Archel. ap. Antig. Mir.89, Q.S.7.65; [dialect] Dor.

τεθνᾰότα Pi.N.10.74

; [dialect] Ep. τεθνηώς (v.l. -ειώς) Il.17.161,

- ηυῖα Od.4.734

, ([etym.] κατα-) 11.141; gen.

τεθνηῶτος Il.9.633

, etc.; also

τεθνηότος 17.435

, Od.15.23, al. [ τεθνεῶτι is trisyll. Od.19.331,

τεθνεώτων E.Supp. 272

(hex.): disyll. forms are written in later Gr., nom.

τεθνώς BCH18.438

([place name] Argilus); gen. sg.

τεθνῶτος SIG799.13

(Cyzicus, i A.D.); dat. sg.

τεθνῶτι

Papers of the Amer. School

3.334

(Pisid.); fem. τεθνώσῃ (and gen. pl. τεθνήτων) Ath.Mitt. 50.134 ([place name] Macedonia); acc. pl. fem.

τεθνώσας Babr.45.9

]: from τέθνηκα arose [tense] fut.

τεθνήξω Ar.Ach. 325

, A.Ag. 1279 (censured as archaic by Luc.Sol.7), later

τεθνήξομαι Diogenian.Epicur.1.28

, 3.52, Luc.Pisc. 10, Ael.NA2.46; part.

τεθνηξόμενος Lib.Ep.438.7

.—The simple Verb is regularly used in early Prose in [tense] pf. and [tense] plpf.; for [tense] pres., [tense] fut., and [tense] aor. the compd. ἀποθνῄσκω is substituted: θνῄσκει v.l. in Hp. Mul.1.9,

σάρκες θνῄσκουσι Art.69

,

ἔθνῃσκον Th.2.47

, al., θνῃσκόντων ib.53,

θνῄσκοι Pl.Phd. 72d

,

θνῄσκομεν Epicur.Ep.1p.20U.

: [tense] aor. part. θανών, subj. θάνῃ, IG12(5).593.2,20,23 (Iulis, v B.C.), Berl.Sitzb. 1927.166 ([place name] Cyrene), Phld.Herc.1649.4: [tense] aor. inf. θανεῖν ib.1418.13:—in [tense] pres. and [tense] impf., die, as well of natural as of violent death; in [tense] aor. and [tense] pf., to be dead (cf. τί τοὺς θανὅντας οὐκ ἐᾷς τεθνηκέναι; Eup.12.3 D.;

τέθνηκ' ἔγωγε πρὶν θανεῖν κακῶν ὕπο E.Hec. 431

),

θανεῖν καὶ πότμον ἐπισπεῖν Il.7.52

, etc.; ζωὸς ἠὲ θανών alive or dead, Od.4.553, cf. 15.350;

ἦ ἤδη τέθνηκε 4.834

;

ὡς ἄμεινον εἴη τεθνάναι μᾶλλον ἢ ζώειν Hdt.1.31

, cf. 7.46;

τεθνάναι κρεῖττον ἤ.. D.9.65

, cf. 10.25;

ἄξιος τεθνάναι Ar.Ra. 1012

, etc.; τεθνάτω let him be put to death, IG12.10.29; ἄτιμος τεθ. Lex ap.D.9.44: freq. in part.,

νέκυος πέρι τεθνηῶτος Il.18.173

; νεκρὸν.. τεθνηῶτα a dead corpse, Od.12.10; οἱ τεθνηκότες, οἱ θανόντες, the dead, E.Hec. 278, Eup. l.c., etc.;

οὔτε τεθνεῶτα οὔτε ζῶντα Hdt.4.14

; οἴχεται θανών (v. οἴχομαι) ; θανὼν φροῦδος (v. φροῦδος)

; θανόντι συνθανεῖν S.Tr. 798

,Fr. 953, cf. E.Supp. 1007(lyr.); ὁ θανών, opp. ὁ κτανών, S. Ph. 336: [tense] pres. with [tense] pf. sense, θνῄσκουσι γάρ, for τεθνήκασι, Id.OT 118, cf. E.Hec. 695 (lyr.),Ba. 1041 (lyr.), etc.

2 used like a pass. Verb, χερσὶν ὑπ' Αἴαντος θανέειν to fall by his hand, Il.15.289;

θ. ὑπό τινος Pl.Ep. 329c

, Arist.HA 625a16;

ἔκ τινος Pi.P.4.72

, S.OT 1454; πρός τινος ib. 292, E.Hec. 773;

θεοῖς τέθνηκε S.Aj. 970

: freq. c. dat. instrumenti, θ. χερί, δορί, Id.OC 1388, A.Th. 959(lyr.);

φαρμάκοισι E. Fk.464

; also

ἐν βρόχῳ A.Ch. 558

; τεθνάναι τῷ δέει, τ. τῷ φόβῳ, c. acc., to be in mortal fear of, D.4.45, 19.81, cf. Arr.An.7.9.4;

προοίμιον σκοτεινὸν καὶ τεθνηκὸς δειλίᾳ Aeschin.2.34

; θ. ἐπί τινι to die leaving one as heir, Luc.DMort.7.1.

II metaph., of things, perish,

θνᾴσκει σιγαθὲν καλὸν ἔργον Pi.Fr. 121

;

ἐσλῶν ὑπὸ χαρμάτων πῆμα θνᾴσκει.. δαμασθέν Id.O.2.19

;

λόγοι θνῄσκοντες μάτην A.Ch. 846

;

θ. πίστις S. OC 611

;

τὸ τρύβλιον τέθνηκέ μοι Ar.Ra. 986

(lyr.): in Prose,

τέθνηκε τὸ τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας μισεῖν D.19.289

;

τεθνηκός τι φθέγξασθαι D.C.40.54

;

τεθνηκὸς ὁρᾶν Callistr.Stat.14

; τὸ τεθνηκὸς ὁ λίθος ὑπεδύετο ib.2.

θνῄσκω (s. next entry and ἀποθνῄσκω; Hom.+. On the spelling s. Kühner-Bl. I 133; II 442; B-D-F §26 and 27; W-S. §5, 11b; Mlt-H. 84) fut. 3 sg. θανεῖται Pr 13:14; 2 aor. ἔθανον LXX; pf. τέθνηκα, inf. τεθνηκέναι (Ac 14:19 τεθνάναι v.l. as Jos., Vi. 59); ptc. τεθνηκώς (LXX; τεθνεώς Tat.; τεθνηῶτες Job 39:30); analogous formations: 3 fut. mid. 1 pl. τεθνηξόμεθα 4 Macc. 8:21 (on this fut. s. Schwyzer I 783, esp. n. 3) and aor. ptc. acc. pl. τεθνήξαντας (TestAbr A 18 p. 100, 27 [Stone p. 48]); plpf. 3 sg. ἐτεθνήκει J 11:21 v.l., 2 pl. τεθνήκειτε Hs 9, 28, 6. Gener. ‘die’, pf. ‘to have died, be dead’.

① to pass from physical life, die, Mt 2:20; Mk 15:44; Lk 8:49; J 19:33; Ac 14:19; 25:19. Subst. perf. ptc. have died, be dead (ὁ) τεθνηκώς the man who had died (class.; LXX) Lk 7:12; J 11:44; 12:1 v.l.

② to lose one’s relationship w. God, die, fig. extension of mng. 1 (w. ζῆν: Chariton 7, 5, 4) of spiritual death (Ael. Aristid. 52, 2 K.=28 p. 551 D.: τὸ τεθνηκὸς τῆς ψυχῆς; Bar 3:4; Philo, Fug. 55 ζῶντες ἔνιοι τεθνήκασι καὶ τεθνηκότες ζῶσι) ζῶσα τέθνηκεν she is dead though she is still alive 1 Ti 5:6. (Timocles Com. [IV B.C.] 35 οὗτος μετὰ ζώντων τεθνηκώς=dead among the living) οὔτε ζῶσιν οὔτε τεθνήκασιν Hs 8, 7, 1; 9, 21, 2; cp. 9, 21, 4. διὰ τὰς ἁμαρτίας ὑμῶν τεθνήκειτε [ἂν] τῷ θεῷ because of your sins you would have died to God 9, 28, 6.—DELG s.v. θάνατος. TW.