συθῆ

σεύω

put in quick motion: aor subj pass 3rd sg

σεύω

put in quick motion: aor subj pass 3rd sg

σεύω, B.17.10, Opp.H.2.445, Q.S.7.487, [dialect] Ep. inf.

A

σευέμεν A.R.2.296

; with ς doubled after the augm., as always in Hom. (exc. in ἐξεσύθη (Zenod. and most codd. for - λύθη) Il.5.293): [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.

σεύεσκε Q.S.2.353

: [tense] aor.

ἔσσευα Il.5.208

; [dialect] Ep. also

σεῦα 20.189

; [ per.] 3sg. subj.

σεύῃ 11.293

:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. subj. σεύωνται (v.l. -ονται) ib. 415: [tense] impf. or [tense] aor.

ἐσσεύοντο 2.808

: [tense] aor.

ἐσσεύαντο 11.549

(v.l. -οντο); [dialect] Ep.

σεύατο 6.505

:—[voice] Pass., B.Scol.Oxy. 1361Fr.1.7: [tense] aor. ἐσύθην [ῠ] E.Hel. 1302 (lyr.) (

ἐξ- Il.

, v. supr.),

ἐσσύθην S.Aj. 294

, also

σύθην A.Pr. 135

(lyr.); subj. [ per.] 3sg.

συθῇ Hp.Mul.1.36

, 2.138; part.

συθείς A.Th. 941

, Pers. 866, S.OC 119(alllyr.); in iamb., Id.OT 446: [tense] pf. (with [tense] pres. sense)

ἔσσῠμαι Il.13.79

; part. ἐσσύμενος (not - μένος) 11.554, al., Adv.

ἐσσῠμένως 3.85

, al.: σεσύανται· ὡρμήκασιν, Hsch.: poet.[tense] aor. 2 ἐσσύμην [ῠ], [ per.] 2sg.

ἔσσυο Il.16.585

, Od.9.447; [ per.] 3sg. ἔσσῠτο, [dialect] Ep.

σύτο Il.21.167

,

ἐπ-έσυτο E.Hel. 1162

,Ph. 1065 (both lyr.); part.

σύμενος A.Ag. 747

, Eu. 1007, cf. 786, 816 (all lyr.): also σεῦται, [ per.] 3sg. [tense] pres. [voice] Pass., S.Tr. 645 ( σοῦται is prob. cj.), σοῦμαι ([dialect] Dor.

σῶμαι Epil.3

),

σοῦνται A.Pers.25

(anap.); imper.

σοῦ Ar.V. 209

,

σούσθω S.Aj. 1414

(anap.),

σοῦσθε A.Th.31

, Ar.V. 458, etc.; inf.

σοῦσθαι Plu.2.362c

: Hsch. cites imper. σύθι or σῦθι:—poet. Verb (also in [dialect] Ion. Prose, Hp. and Aret. (v. infr.)), put in quick motion, drive: esp.

1 hunt, chase,

Διωνύσοιο τιθήνας σεῦε κατ' ἠγάθεον Νυσήϊον Il.6.133

; drive away,

σεῦεν κύνας ἄλλυδις ἄλλον πυκνῇσιν λιθάδεσσιν Od.14.35

; σεύοντ' ([ per.] 3pl.)

ἀγέλας βίᾳ B.17.10

: more freq. in [voice] Med.,

ὡς δ' ὅτε κάπριον ἀμφὶ κύνες σεύωνται Il.11.415

, cf. 549, 3.26;

ὥς τ'.. ἄγριον αἶγα ἐσσεύαντο κύνες 15.272

, cf. 20.148: metaph.,

σ. κακότητα ἀπὸ καρήνου h.Hom.8.12

; θάμβος με ς. Orph.L. 531.

2 set on, let loose at,

ὅτε πού τις θηρητὴρ κύνας.. σεύῃ ἐπ' ἀγροτέρῳ συΐ Il.11.293

.

3 drive or hurry away to or from a place,

Αἰνείαν δ' ἔσσευεν ἀπὸ χθονός 20.325

;

ἵππους ἐκ πεδίοιο 15.681

; [

τινὰ] κατ' Ἰδαίων ὀρέων 20.189

: c. inf., [ἡμιόνους] σεῦαν ποταμὸν παρὰ δινήεντα τρώγειν.. drove, Od.6.89.

4 set in swift motion, ὅλμον δ' ὣς ἔσσευε [Πείσανδρον] κυλίνδεσθαι sped him so that he rolled, Il.11.147;

στρόμβον δ' ὣς ἔσσευε βαλών 14.413

; also αἷμ' ἔσσευα shed blood, 5.208; v. infr. 11.1.

II [voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., to be put in quick motion, and so, run, rush, dart or shoot along, ἐπὶ τεύχεα to arms, 2.808;

ἐπὶ κοῖτον Od.14.456

;

νέρθε δὲ ποσσὶν ἔσσυμαι Il.13.79

;

σεύατ' ἔπειτ' ἀνὰ ἄστυ 6.505

;

σεύατ' ἔπειτ' ἐπὶ κῦμα Od.5.51

, cf. Il.14.227;

κατ' ἀμαξιτόν 22.146

;

παρ' ἐρινεόν 11.167

; ἀμφ' Ὀδυσῆα ib. 419;

ἰθὺς Λυκίων 16.585

;

διὰ σπέος Od.9.447

; so in Trag., ἐκτόπιος συθείς having gone, departed, opp. παρών, S.OC 119;

ἀφ' ἑστίας A.Pers. 866

;

ἐκ ναοῦ E.IT 1294

;

σύθην δ' ἀπέδιλος ὄχῳ πτερωτῷ A.Pr. 135

;

κατὰ γᾶς σύμεναι Id.Eu. 1007

, cf. Ag. 747;

ἀνὰ νάπη E.Hel. 1302

; of things, αἷμα σύτο gushed out, Il.21.167;

ψυχὴ κατ'.. ὠτειλὴν ἔσσυτο 14.519

;

ἐκ πυρὸς συθεὶς σίδηρος A.Th. 941

;

ἐσύθη ἔξω πῦον Aret.SD1.9

; so of flux,

ἢν πολλὰ συθῇ Hp.Mul.1.36

; of the eruption of disease, ὅταν τὰ παρέοντα συθῇ νοσήματα ib.2.138.

2 c. inf., hasten, speed, ὅτε σεύαιτο διώκειν when he hasted to pursue, Il.17.463; ὄφρα ὕλη σεύαιτο καήμεναι that the wood might begin (cf. Engl. start) to burn, 23.198, cf. 210; ἔσσυται κελαδῆσαι is eager to sing of, Pi.I.8(7).67.

3 metaph., to be eager, have longings,

θυμὸς ἔσσυται Od.10.484

; esp. in [tense] pf. part. ἐσσύμενος used as Adj, v. sub voce. ( σεϝ-: σῠ-, from I.-Eur. [kcirc ]yew-: [kcirc ]y[ucaron]-, cf. Skt. cyávati 'set in motion', part. [voice] Pass. cyutás:— σοῦμαι, etc., perh. [var] contr. fr. Σοοῦμαι ( = Σοόομαι, fr. σό (ϝ) ος, q.v.).)

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to charge in, to huddle, to hurry, to hasten, to chase', act. `to chase (away), to rush, to incite' (ep. poet. Il., also [ συθῆ, ἐσύθη] Hp., Aret.).

Other forms: also (B., hell. epic) σεύω, aor. ἐσσύμην, ἔσσυτο, σύτο; ἐσ(σ)ύθην, σύθην, σύθι; also σεύατο, ἐσσεύαντο, act. ἔσσευα, σεῦα, perf. ἔσσυμαι, ptc. ἐσσύμενος (on the acc. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 190), 3. pl. σεσύανται H., verbaladj. ἐπί-σσυτος.

Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. ἐπι-.

Derivatives: Beside it, rather deverbative than denominative, *σοϜ-έομαι \> *σοϜοῦμαι in σοῦμαι, σοῦνται, ipv. σοῦ, inf. σοῦσθαι (trag.), Dor. σοώμην, σῶμαι a. o. (H.), perf. ptc. ἐσσοημένον (H.). Act. ipf. 3. sg. σόει (B.); s. Wackernagel KZ 25, 277 = Kl. Schr. 1, 221 (diff. Schwyzer 679 with Schulze: denom. from *σοϜόο-μαι; cf. σοῦς below). With lengthened grade σώοντο, σωομένους (A.R.); after the synonymous ρΏώοντο (s. ῥώομαι)? Unclear σεῦται (S. Tr. 645, lyr.); spoiled from σοῦται (Elmsley) or analog. after σεύομαι? -- Nominal derivv.: 1. As 2. member: αὑτό-σσυτος `self-sped' (A., S.); often - σ(σ)όος, e.g. λαο-σσόος `inciting the men' (Hom. a.o.); but δορυ-σσόος to σείω, νηο-σσόος to σῴζω (s. vv.). 2. σοῦς (from *σόϜος) m. `(fast, upward) movement' (Democr., Lacon. after Pl. Cra. 412b, H.). 3. ὑποσευαντήρ m. `expeller (of the plague)', surn. of Apollon (metr. inscr. Callipolis: ὑπο-σεύω; after λυμαν-τήρ [: λυμαίνομαι] a. o.; cf. Weinreich Ath. Mitt. 38, 64). 4. On σῶτρον s. ἐπίσσωτρον; on πανσυδί and ἐπασσύτερος s. vv. Cf. also τευμάομαι and τευτάζω.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [538] *ki̯eu̯- `be\/put in movement'

Etymology: The maintenance of the ευ-diphthongs in σεύομαι etc. is to be explained as epic archaism (Wackernagel l.c., Schwyzer 745 w. n. 4, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 158 f.), the aor. ἔσσευ-α can go back on an athematic formation (Schwyzer l.c. w. reference of other interpretations, Chantraine 1, 385). -- Old inherited poetic verb with agreements in Indo-Iranian and Armenian. With σεύομαι, σεύεται agree exactly Skt. cyávate, Av. šyavaite `move (oneself), put oneself in movement', IE *ki̯éuetoi; with - σσυτος as well Skt. cyutá- `moved' and Av. fra-sūta- `come in movement' (length of the ū secondary); also *σοϜέομαι in σοῦμαι may be formally equated with the Skt. causative cyāváyate. The Arm. aor. č'og-ay (pres. ert`am) `I went', seemingly with o-grade, IE *ki̯ou-, must be deverbative or denominative. -- Cf. also κινέω and κίω. WP. 1, 363, Pok. 538, Mayrhofer s. cyávate; older lit. also in Bq.

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