κίβδηλις

κιβδηλίς, ίδος, ἡ, Metallschlacke

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `false, adulterated', of gold, coins etc., `fraudulent' (Thgn.); negated ἀ-κίβδηλος `unadalterated' (Hdt., Pl. Lg.; vgl. Frisk Adj. priv. 14f.).

Other forms: also Pi. Dith. 2, 3. Fur. 316 further quotes κίβαλος ὁ λῃστής Su. (but διάκονος H.)

Derivatives: κιβδηλία, - ίη `falsification, deceit' (Hp., Ar.) and denomin.: 1. κιβδηλεύω `falsify' (E., Ar., Arist.) with κιβδήλευμα, - λεία `falsification' (Pl. Lg.), 2. κιβδηλιάω `look like adulterated gold, have jaundice' (Arist.; after the verbs of illness in - ιάω). - Beside it κίβδης κακοῦργος, \<κά\> πηλος, χειροτέχνης H., κίβδωνες = μεταλλεῖς, `miners' (Poll., Moer.), κιβδῶνες (Phot.). - Basis κίβδος `dross of metal' (Poll.); in the same meaning also κίβδηλις H. s. κιβδηλιῶντας; on the suffix ηλο- Chantraine Formation 242, Schwyzer 484. - It remains uncertain whether κίβαλος belongs here; I see no basis to connect κίβον. - The word is of course Pre-Greek (Fur. 316). Clearly the root is κιβδ- (on the suffix - ηλο- Fur. 115 n. 5); this shows that - βδ- most probably is one phoneme; I propose it was (the voiced representative of) *p^y.

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]

Etymology: Term of miners without etymology (cf. on μέταλλον). Bq (with Solmsen) compares κίβον ἐνεόν. Πάφιοι H. which is also unexplained and recalls Fr. ( pierre) sourde i. e. `dull, without reflex'; Grošelj Živa Ant. 3, 200f. mentions NHG taub, Slov. gluh also `without metall' (of minerals). For - δος compare, λύγδος `white marble' (on now see s.v. μόλυβδος `lead'); s. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 175 n. 1 (p. 176; partly diff.), Grošelj l. c. with a quite hypothetical etymology. Older wrong or doubtful explanations from IE and Semit. in Bq; s. also WP. 1, 349. - A related verb Blumenthal finds in κίψει κακοποιεῖ H. (?).

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