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1 κάρης
κάραhead: fem gen sg (epic ionic)κείρωkṛṇā´ti: aor ind pass 2nd sg (homeric ionic) -
2 κάρα
κάρᾱ (A), [dialect] Ep.and [dialect] Ion. [full] κάρη [pron. full] [ᾰ], τό, poet. for κεφαλή, Luc.Lex.5:—A head, of men or animals,πολιόν τε κάρη πολιόν τε γένειον Il.22.74
; ὑψοῦ κάρη ἔχει [ ἵππος] 6.509; περὶ πόδα περὶ κάρα from head to foot, A.Eu. 165 (lyr.): metaph., , cf. OC 564; of the face, γέλωτι φαιδρὸν κ. Id.El. 1310;μου κ. τὸ δυσπρόσοπτον Id.OC 285
.3 in Trag., as periphr. for a person, Οἰδίπου κάρα, i.e. Οἰδίπλους, S.OT40, 1207 (lyr.); αὐτάδελφον Ἰσμήνης κ. Id.Ant.1; ὦ κασίγνητον κ., for ὦ κασίγνητε, Id.El. 1164; ὦ φίλον κ. Id.OC 1631; φίλον κ. A.Ag. 905.--Hom. uses nom. acc. κάρη, gen. dat. κάρητος, κάρητι, Od.6.230, Il.15.75; also καρήατος, καρήατι, 23.44, 19.405, nom. pl.καρήατα 11.309
(whence was formed nom. sg. κάρηαρ, Antim.76); acc. pl.κάρη Il.10.259
(but perh. sg.), nom. acc. pl.κάρᾱ Sannyr.3
, perh. S.Ant. 291;κάρᾰ ἐξεπεφύκει h.Cer. 12
; dat. pl. κάρησι f.l.in Tryph.602:—post-Homeric Poets inflected κάρη as if it were of decl. 1, gen.κάρης Mosch.4.74
, Call.Fr. 125; dat.κάρῃ Thgn.1024
, Nic.Th. 249; acc.κάρην D.P.562
, Nic.Th. 131; Trag. dat. κάρᾳ with neut. Prons., A.Ch. 230, etc.; late acc.κάραν Anacreont. 50.9
. (Cf. Skt. śiras(neut.) 'head', gen. śīr[snull ]ṇás, abl. śīr[snull ]atás: κάρηνα (fr. κᾰρᾰς-ν-α ) and κράατα (perh. fr. κρᾱς- ṇ-τα) are forms of this word, v. κάρηνον, κράς, κρανίον: cogn. with Lat. cerebrum (fr. ceres-ro-), ONorse hjarne 'brain', and prob. κέρας, κόρση.)-------------------------------------------κάρα (B), ἡ, -
3 προέχω
προέχω, [var] contr. [full] προὔχω, as always in Hom., exc. Od.12.11 (v. infr. B), also in S. and Th.: [tense] fut. προέξω: [tense] aor. προέσχον, [voice] Med. προεσχόμην, προὐσχόμην, cf. προΐσχω:—A hold before,τὴν ἀσπίδα τῆς κωλῆς Ar.Nu. 989
; esp. so as to protect another,τὼ χεῖρε π. X.Cyr.2.3.10
:—[voice] Med., hold before oneself, ; hold out before one,πρὸ δούρατ' ἔχοντο Il.17.355
, cf. Hdt.2.42; προὐσχόμην σε held you out as a child (to do your needs), Ar.Nu. 1385.2 metaph. in [voice] Med., put forward as a pretext,τάδ' ἂν προὔχοιο S.Ant.80
; ὅπερ μάλιστα προὔχονται εἰ καθαιρεθείη, μὴ ἂν γίγνεσθαι τὸν πόλεμον the cancellation of which is the chief consideration in return for which they pretend that war would not occur, Th.1.140.II to be possessed or informed of a thing beforehand,π. τῶν Ἀθηναίων οὐ φιλίας γνώμας Hdt.9.4
, cf. D.S.31.27, D.C. 43.3.2 have before, ἃ προεῖχεν μισθῷ ὁ.. Πτολεμαῖος had hitherto on lease, BGU889.9 (ii A.D.), cf. Sammelb.5672.5 (ii A.D.), etc.; εἰς τοῦτο ὑπολόγησον ὃ προέχουσι what they have already received, PPetr.2p.32(iii B.C.): abs., ὁ προέχων the first recipient, Arist.EN 1164b9.B intr., jut out, project, in Hom. in a local sense, of headlands, towers, hills,ὅθ' ἀκρότατος πρόεχ' ἀκτή Od.12.11
, cf. 10.90;ἐπ' ἠϊόνας προὐχούσας 6.138
;πύργῳ ἐπὶ προὔχοντι Il.22.97
;ἐπὶ προὔχοντι μελάθρῳ Od.19.544
;ἀκτὴ προέχουσα ἐς τὸν πόντον Hdt.4.177
, cf. Th. 4.109,6.97;τὸ προὔχον τῆς ἐμβολῆς Id.2.76
: generally, project, c. gen.,προέχουσα κάρης εὐρεῖα καλύπτρη Call.Fr. 125
.II in running, to be the first, have the start, Il.23.325: c. gen., ἡμέρης ὁδῷ π. τῶν Περσέων keep ahead of them by a day's march, Hdt.4.120; προέχων τῶν ἄλλων [ ὁ ἵππος] getting before the rest, Id.9.22; τῇ κεφαλῇ π. beat by a head, in racing, X.Cyr.4.3.16: of Time, προεῖχε [ ἡ τριήρης] ἡμέρᾳ καὶ νυκτί started first by.., Th.3.49;π. εἴκοσιν ἔτεσιν Pl.Lg. 879c
: metaph., have the advantage of,τινὸς τῷ διπλασίῳ Antipho3.3.2
.2 of rank, c. gen., δήμου προὔχουσιν they are the first or chief of the people, h.Cer. 151; τοῦ Δωρικοῦ, τοῦ Ἰωνικοῦ [ γένεος], Hdt.1.56: abs., to be superior, Th.1.39, 3.82; to all that is eminent,Id.
3.84; οἱ προὔχοντες the chief men, Id.5.17; οἱ π. [ βίοι] the principal kinds of lives, Arist.EN 1095b18.3 surpass, excel, Th.7.66: freq. c. gen., τὸ Ἄργος π. ἅπασι τῶν ἐν τῇ.. χώρῃ in all things, Hdt.1.1, cf. 32; (lyr.);πολὺ προὔχουσα θεάων Call.Del. 218
;π. αὐτέων τοσοῦτον ὅσον.. Hdt.2.136
;πολλῷ π. Id.3.82
; π. δυνάμει, πλήθει καὶ ἐμπειρίᾳ, Th.1.18, 121;τοσοῦτον ἐκείνων μεγέθει π. Luc.Musc.Enc.1
: also π. τινὸς τιμήν to be preferred to him in honour, S.Ant. 208;π. ἔν τινος λαμπρότητι Th.6.16
;μικρὸν π. ἐν τοῖς μεγάλοις μᾶλλον ἢ πολὺ διαφέρειν ἐν τοῖς μικροῖς Isoc.10.5
;κατά τι Luc.Am.30
.b rarely c. acc. pers., X.An.3.2.19(nisi secl. [ ἡμᾶς]):—[voice] Pass., to be excelled,οὐθὲν π. ὑπὸ τοῦ Διός Plu.2.1038d
; to be in worse case, Ep.Rom.3.9.III impers., οὔ τι προέχει it is of no advantage, c. inf., Hdt.9.27. -
4 ἀμφικαρής
ἀμφι-καρής, ές ( κάρα): double-headed; ἀμφικαρῆ σφέλα (for the feet of two persons), v. l. for ἀμφὶ κάρη, Od. 17.231.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἀμφικαρής
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5 κάρᾱ
κάρᾱGrammatical information: n.Meaning: `head' (trag., Cratin., Eup.),Other forms: κάρη (ep.)Dialectal forms: Myc. ka-ra-a-pi instr. pl. \/karāatphi\/Derivatives: As 1. member in καρᾱ-τομέω `behead' (E., J.) with καράτομος `beheaded' (S., E.), seeming basis καρατόμος `beheading' (Lyc.), cf. on δειροτομέω s. δέρη; καρηβαρέω (- άω) `feel heavy in the head, be sleepy, have headache' with καρηβαρία, - ίη etc. (Hp., Arist.); from there Lat. caribaria \> Fr. charivari, W.-Hofmann 1, 854; on καραδοκέω s. v. Cf. κράσπεδον, κρησφύγετον, κρήδεμνον. - Other forms: A. recent analogical formations to κάρᾱ, κάρη: dat. τῳ̃ κάρᾳ (A., S.), κάρῃ (Thgn.); κάρης, - ην (Call., Nic.), κάρᾱν (Anacreont.). B. Older disyll. forms: ep. καρή-ατος, - ατι, pl. - ατα; also κάρη-τος, - τι; to καρήατα new nom. sg. κάρηαρ (Antim.). C. monosyll. forms: κρά̄-ατος, - ατι, pl. - ατα; usual. (also trag.) κρᾱτός, - τί, pl. κρᾶ-τα (Pi. Fr. 8); further isolated forms: κράτεσφι (Κ 156; prob. sg.), κρά̄των (χ 309), κρᾱσίν (Κ 152), κρᾶτας (E.); κρᾶτα as acc. sg. (θ 92, trag.), as nom. sg. (S. Ph. 1457); new nom. sg. κράς (Simm. 4). D. κάρᾰ (antevoc.) as nom. pl. (h. Cer. 12), κάρᾱ pl.? (Sannyr. 3). On κάρηνα s. v.; and s. below.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [574] *ḱrh₂-(e)s-n- `head'Etymology: From the oblique forms of the Skt. word for `head', e. g. gen. sg. śīrṣṇ-ás with the adverbial ablativ śīrṣa-tás (a \< n̥), which represent a with n enlarged monosyll. zero grade (śīrṣ-n- \< *ḱr̥h₂-s-n-) from the disyll. nom.-acc. śíras- (Av. sarah-, \< *ḱr̥h₂-os), it appears that κρά̄ατος represents an original *κρά̄σα-τος \< (ḱr̥h₂s-n̥tos); through contraction this gave κρᾱτός (acc. to Zenodot. κρητός). The antevocalic form κρᾱσν- lives on in κρᾱν-ίον (s. v.). The explanation of the Greek disyll. forms has to start from plur. κάρηνα \< *καρασν-α (\< *ḱrh₂-es-n-), to which the singular forms καρήατος, - ατι were made from *καρασα-τος, - τι (with metr. lengthening and η for ᾱ after κάρηνα), if not innovated to κάρη. This form may go back to an analogical *κάρασ-α (like ὄνομα); to κάρη were made κάρη-τος, - τι. - Beside these old σ-stem there are isolated σ-less forms: ἐπὶ κάρ `on its head', ἔγ-καρ-ος, ἴγκρος ἐγκέφαλος and κατὰ ( ἀπὸ) κρῆ-θεν `from the head down' (Hom., Hes.), κρή-δεμνον `head-band'. The explanation is discussed: κατὰ κρῆθεν (from where ἀπὸ κρῆθεν) may stand for κατ' ἄκρηθεν (s. esp. Leumann Hom. Wörter 56ff., but this seems unncessary); ἔγκαρος has been taken as learned innovation to κάρη after κεφαλή: ἐγκέφαλος; on κρήδεμνον s. s. v. An σ-less κάρ is supported by Arm. sar `hight, top' (idg. *ḱr̥h₂r-o-). Very extensive treatment by A.J. Nussbaum, Head and Horn 1986 (rev. Beekes, Kratylos 34 (989)55-59). - S. Schwyzer 583 (diff. on κάρη; Pok. 574f., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 230f., 242, Leumann Hom. Wörter 159, Egli Heteroklisie 31f., 87ff. - Cf. further 1. καρόω, καρώ, καρωτόν; κέρας, κράνος, κριός.Page in Frisk: 1,784-785Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάρᾱ
См. также в других словарях:
κάρης — κάρα head fem gen sg (epic ionic) κείρω kṛṇā´ti aor ind pass 2nd sg (homeric ionic) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κάρα — (Kara). Τοπωνύμιο της Ρωσίας. 1. Ακραίο θαλάσσιο τμήμα (880.000 τ. χλμ.) του Αρκτικού ωκεανού. Έχει μέσο βάθος 127 μ. και μέγιστο βάθος 620 μ. Ορίζεται από την ακτογραμμή της πεδιάδας της δυτικής Σιβηρίας και από τα νησιά Νέα Γη, Γη του… … Dictionary of Greek