κλῃδ

κλῇδα, κλείς

clavis: fem acc sg (attic)

κλῇδι, κλείς

clavis: fem dat sg (attic)

κλῇδε, κλείς

clavis: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic)

κλῇδα, κλείς

clavis: fem acc sg (attic)

κλῇδι, κλείς

clavis: fem dat sg (attic)

κλῇδε, κλείς

clavis: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic)

κλειδίον (on the accent v. Hdn.Gr.1.356), τό, Dim. of κλείς,

A little key,

κλειδία.. Λακωνίκ' ἄττα, τρεῖς ἔχοντα γομφίους Ar.Th. 421

, cf. Fr. 16, IG22.1533.27 (iv B.C.);

τὸ κ. τοῦ οἰκήματος Arist.Mir. 832b23

: without dimin. sense,

τὰ κ. τῶν οὐρανῶν Porph.Chr.26

.

2 stopcock, Hero Spir.1.24, POxy.2146.7 (iii A.D.).

II = κλείς 111, of the tunny, Ath.7.315d; cf. κλιδία.

III a kind of astringent pill, Gal.13.87,290, Paul.Aeg.3.40; or astringent suppository,

κ. ὑπόθετον Alex.Trall.9.3

. ( κλῃδ- is not found.)

κλειδουχ-έω, [dialect] Att. [pref] κληδ-,

A to be a κλειδοῦχος, κ. θεᾶς to be her priestess, E.IT 1463: abs., -

οῦντος Ἀρίστωνος OGI170

(Delos, ii/i B.C.).

II γλώσσης πικροῖς κέντροισι κλῃδουχούμενοι, perh. kept in check, E.HF 1288.

κλείδουχ-ος, [dialect] Att. [pref] κληδ-, ον, ([etym.] ἔχω)

A holding the keys: hence, having charge or custody of a place,

Ἔρωτα τᾶς Ἀφροδίτας θαλάμων κλῃδοῦχον E.Hipp. 540

(lyr.); Ἰώ, κ. Ἥρας her priestess, A.Supp. 291, cf. Phoronis 4, E.IT 131 (lyr.), IG22.974.23,3.172.7;

κ. Διός E.Hyps.Fr.3(1)i

v 28; of Pallas, tutelary goddess, Ar.Th. 1142 (lyr.); τῶν συνδέσμων ἑκάστου κ. Μοῖρα protectress of.., Plu.2.591b; of Aeacus, IG14.1746;

κ. νεκύων πύλαι AP7.391

(Bass.); of Hecate, Orph.Fr. 316.

II of the numbers 4 and 10, believed by the Pythag. to be the keys of the order of nature, Theol.Ar.22,60: wrongly called κλαδοῦχοι (fr. κλάδος), through misunderstanding of [dialect] Dor. κλᾱδ-, Lyd.Mens.1.15 (v.l. κλειδ-), EM253.50.

κλείς, ἡ, gen. κλειδός; [dialect] Att.acc. κλεῖν, v.infr.1.3, 111, later

A

κλεῖδα AP 6.306

([place name] Aristo), Plu.Art.9: pl.κλεῖδες, κλεῖδας, [var] contr. κλεῖς, v. infr. 111, dat.

κλεισίν Pl.Ax. 371b

:—[dialect] Ion. [full] κληΐς [ῑ], κληῗδος, κληῗδα, etc. (Hom. uses only the [dialect] Ion. form):—[dialect] Dor. [full] κλᾱΐς, κλαΐδος [ῐ] Simon.23, Pi.P.9.39; but acc. pl. κλᾱῗδας ib.8.4; acc. κλαῖδα or

κλᾷδα Call.Cer.45

; cf. κλᾴξ:—[dialect] Aeol. [full] κλᾶϊς ( κλαῖς cod.)· μοχλός, Hsch.; κλάϊς acc. κλάϊν Et.Gud.ap.Schaefer Greg.Cor.p.584: pl. κλᾷδες κλᾶδες cod.)· ζυγά, Hsch.:—old [dialect] Att. [full] κλῄς, κλῇδος, acc.

κλῇδα E.Med. 212

(anap.), 661 (lyr.): κλείς and κλῄς in the same [dialect] Att. Inscr., IG22.1414.44 and 47. ( κλᾱϝῑς, cf. Lat. clavis, claudo.)

1 bar, bolt, θύρας σταθμοῖσιν ἐπῆρσε (sc. Hera, from within)

κληῗδι κρυπτῇ Il.14.168

, cf. Od.21.241; κληῗδος ἱμάς ib.4.802, cf. 838;

ἐπὶ δὲ κληῗδ' ἐτάνυσσεν ἱμάντι 1.442

; = ἐπιβλής, Il.24.455.

2 catch or hook, passed through the door from the outside to catch the strap ([etym.] ἱμάς ) attached to the bar ([etym.] ὀχεύς)

, ἐν δὲ κληῗδ' ἧκε, θυρέων δ' ἀνέκοπτεν ὀχῆας ἄντα τιτυσκομένη Od.21.47

, cf.50;

οἴξασα κληῗδι θύρας Il.6.89

;

δοιοὶ δ' ἔντοσθεν ὀχῆες εἶχον ἐπημοιβοί, μία δὲ κληῒς ἐπαρήρει 12.456

, cf.Parm.1.14.

3 later, key,

τὴν κλεῖν ἐφέλκεται Lys.1.13

; κλεῖν παρακλείδιον a false key, Pl.Com.77: pl.,

κλῇδας οἶδα δώματος A.Eu. 827

, cf.E.Ba. 448;

Λακωνικὴ κ. Men.343

;

κυριεύσοντα τῶν κ. OGI229.56

(Smyrna, iii B.C.); of a sacred key carried in processions, SIG900.14 (Panamara, iv A.D.), 996.24 (Smyrna, perh. i A.D.).

4 metaph.,

Ἁσυχία βουλᾶν τε καὶ πολέμων ἔχοισα κλαῗδας Pi.P.8.4

, cf. 9.39; ἔστι κἀμοὶ κλῂς ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ, of silence, A.Fr. 316, cf.S.OC 1052 (lyr.);

καθαρὰν ἀνοῖξαι κλῇδα φρενῶν E.Med. 661

(lyr.); κλῇδας γάμου φυλάττει, of Hera, Ar.Th. 976 (lyr.); of the key to a problem, Vett.Val.179.4.

II hook or tongue of a clasp, Od.18.294.

2 stop-cock, Hero Spir.1.25.

III collar-bone, prob. so called from its hook shape (v. supr. 1.2), Hom. (only in Il.),

ὅθι κληῒς ἀποέργει αὐχένα τε στῆθός τε 8.325

;

κληῗδα παρ' ὦμον πλῆξ', ἀπὸ δ' αὐχένος ὦμον ἐέργαθεν ἠδ' ἀπὸ νώτου 5.146

;

ᾗ κληῗδες ἀπ' ὤμων αὐχέν' ἔχουσι 22.324

, cf. Hp.Aër.7, Art.13;

πᾳῖσον ἐμᾶς ὑπὸ κλῇδος S.Tr. 1035

;

τὴν κλεῖν συνετρίβην And.1.61

;

τὴν κλεῖν κατεαγώς D.18.67

: pl., Diog. Apoll.6, etc.;

τὰ πλάγια καὶ τὰς κλεῖδας Arist.HA 513b35

; αἱ κλεῖδες (v.l. κλεῖς) καὶ αἱ πλευραί, of the crocodile, ib. 516a28; κλεῖδες ὀπταί roast shoulder-bones of the tunny (with play on 1.3, visible keys, opp. κρυπταὶ κλεῖδες of the Laconians), Aristopho 7.2, cf. Diph.Siph. ap. Ath.8.357a.

IV rowing bench in a ship, freq. in Od., always in pl.;

ἐπὶ κληῗσι καθίζειν 2.419

, etc.;

κληΐδεσσιν ἐφήμενοι 12.215

; once in Il.,

πεντήκοντ' ἔσαν ἄνδρες ἐπὶ κληῗσιν 16.170

;

δησάμενοι.. ἐπὶ κληῗσιν ἐρετμά Od.8.37

.

V of promontories, straits, etc., Κληῗδες or

Κληΐδες τῆς Κύπρου Hdt.5.108

, cf.Str.14.6.3; πόντου κλῇδ', of the Bosporus, E.Med. 212 (lyr.).

VI in pl., sacred chaplets, Id.Tr. 256 (anap.) (Ephes., acc. to Hsch.).

VII in versification, clausula, cadence, Sch.Ar. Pax 1127.

ἀπέραντος, ον, ([etym.] περαίνω)

A boundless, infinite, of space,

πεδίον Pi.N. 8.38

(who also has

ἀπείραντος ἀλκά P.9.35

);

πόντου κλῇδ' ἀ. E.Med. 213

(lyr.);

τὸν ἀέρα τόνδ' ὄντ' ἀ. Ar.Nu. 393

;

ὁδός Pl.Tht. 147c

; of time, endless,

τὸ χρῆμα τῶν νυκτῶν ὅσον· ἀπέραντον Ar.Nu.3

;

χρόνος Pl.Plt. 302a

; of number, countless, infinite,

ἀ. ἀριθμὸς ἀνθρώπων Id.Criti. 119a

;

ἀ. κακά Id.R. 591d

, al.;

λῦπαι Plu.Sol.7

;

πένθη Fab.17

; unlimited,

τιμωρίαι D.23.39

; generally, of events, business, etc., ἀπέραντον ἦν there was no end to it, Th.4.36;

μακρὸν καὶ ἀ. φαίνεται Arist.EN 1101a26

; ἀπέραντα περαίνειν represent as concluded what is not concluded, Luc.Philops.9 (with allusion to signf. 111);

μηδὲν ἀβασάνιστον μηδ' ἀ. Plb.4.75.3

. Adv., τὸ ἀπεράντως διεστηκός of unlimited dimensions, Arist.Ph. 204b21, Metaph. 1066b33.

II allowing no escape, whence none can pass, Τάρταρος, δίκτυον, A.Pr. 153, 1087 (both lyr.).

III in Logic, inconclusive,

λόγος Phld.Ir.p.97

W., cf. Stoic.2.77.

IV incomplete, imperfect, of persons,

ἀτελὴς καὶ ἀ. Artem.1.12

.

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `bar, bolt' (sec. `rowing bench', Leumann Hom. Wörter 209), ` hook, key, collar bone' (Il.).

Other forms: κλειδός, κλεῖν (late κλεῖδα), older κλῄς, κλῃδός, κλῃ̃δα (on the notation Schwyzer 201f.), ep. Ion. κληΐς, - ῖδος, - ῖδα, Dor. κλᾱΐς, - ῖδος beside - ίδος (Simon., Pi.; Aeol.?, cf. Schwyzer 465), besides κλᾳξ (Theoc.), κλαικος, - κα (Epid., Mess.)

Dialectal forms: Myc.. karawiporo = κλαϜι-φόρος

Compounds: Compp., e. g. κλειδ-οῦχος ( κλῃδ-) m. f. `key-holder' (inscr.), κατα-κλείς, - κληΐς `lock, case, quiver' (Att.; from κατα-κλείω);

Derivatives: Diminut. κλειδίον (Ar., Arist.); κλειδᾶς m. `lock-smith' (pap., inscr., Empire); late denomin. κλειδόω (Smyrna, pap.) with κλείδωσις (sch.), - ωμα (Suid.). - Old denomin. κλείω, Oldatt. κλῄω, Ion. κληΐω (Hdt.), late κλῄζω ( Hymn. Is., AP), Theoc. κλᾳζω, aor. ep. Ion. κληϊ̃σαι, κληΐσσαι (Od.), Oldatt. κλῃ̃σαι, Att. κλεῖσαι, pass. κληϊσθῆναι, κλῃσθῆναι, κλεισθῆναι (Ion. resp. Att.), κλᾳσθῆναι (Theoc.), fut. κλῄσω (Th.), κλείσω, perf. κέκλῃκα (Ar.), κέκλεικα (hell.), midd. κέκλῃμαι (-ήϊμαι), κέκλειμαι, Dor. κέκλᾳνται (Epich.); after it Dor. aor. ( κλαΐξαι) κλᾳ̃ξαι, pass. κλαιχθείς, fut. κλᾳξῶ (Theoc., Rhod.), backformed present ποτι-κλᾳγω (Heracl.), often with prefix, esp. ἀπο-, κατα-, συν-, `shut, block'. From there κλήϊθρον, κλῃ̃θρον, κλεῖθρον, κλᾳ̃θρον `lock, block' (IA. h. Merc. 146, Dor.) with κλειθρίον (Hero), κλειθρία `key-hole' (Luc.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 54), κλάϊστρον (Pi.), κλεῖστρον (Luc.) `lock', κλῃ̃σις, κλεῖσις (Th., Aen. Tact.), κλεῖσμα, κλεισμός (hell.; also ἀπόκλῃσις etc. from ἀπο-κλείω etc.); verbal adj. κληϊστός, κλῃστός, κλειστός (ep. IA.), κλαικτός ( κλᾳκτός) `what can be locked' (Argiv., Mess.). - On κλεισίον s. κλίνω.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [604 partly] * kleh₂-u- `lock'

Etymology: Ion. Att. κλη(Ϝ)ῑ-δ- and Dor. κλᾱ(Ϝ)ῑ-κ- are dental- resp. velar enlargements of an ῑ-stem, which can still be seen in κληΐω. (Diff. Debrunner Mus. Helv. 3, 45ff.: κληΐω backformation from κληι̃̈̈ (δ)-σαι, from κληϊ̄δ-, cf. κληϊσ-τός). Att. κλεῖν can be easily explained (with Debrunner l. c.; also Schulze Kl. Schr. 419) as analogical to κλείς ( ναῦς: ναῦν a. o.). The ῑ-stem is based on a noun *κλᾱϜ(-ο)- like e. g. κνημί̄-δ- on κνήμη, χειρί̄-δ- on χείρ (Schwyzer 465, Chantraine Formation 346f.). - An exact agreement of the basic word can be found in Lat. clāvus `nail, pin', beside which, with the same meaning as the derived κληΐς, clāvis `key, block'; because of the semantic identity a loan from Greek has been considered, cf. Ernout-Meillet s. v. and (rejecting) W.-Hofmann 1, 230. (But clātrī pl. `lattice-work' from pl. Dor. κλᾳ̃θρα). Further there is a Celtic word, e. g. OIr. clō, pl. clōi `nail' (Lat. LW [loanword]?). Slavic has a few words with an eu-diphthong, IE. *klē̆u-, e. g. OCS a. Russ. ključь `key', SCr. kljȕka `hook, ey, clamp'. - The original meaning of the word was prob. `nail, pin, hook', instruments, of old use for locking doors. - More forms in Pok. 604f., W.-Hofmann s. claudō, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kliū́ti.

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