κητώεσσαν

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: adjunct of κοίλην Λακεδαίμονα (Β 581, δ 1; verse end), gener. taken as `full of crevices, abysses', later said of the wooden horse (Q. S. 12, 314) and, through confusion with κήτειος, κῆτος, said of πώεα, φάλαγξ (Nonn.).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Not well explained. Zenodotus (sch. on δ 1) read καιετάεσσαν for it and understood it as `καλαμινθώδη', from καιέτα (H.) or καιετας (without accent, Apoll. Lex. s. κητώεσσαν) = καλαμίνθη; by Call. Fr. 224 the Eurotas is called καιετάεις. Other informants (in Str. 8, 5, 7 and Eust. 1478, 41) connected it however with καιετοί οἱ ἀπὸ τῶν σεισμῶν ῥωχμοί and with καιέτας = καιάδας (s. v.). - Who follows the reading of Zenodotus, must consider Aristarchos' κητώεσσαν as a `Verschlimmbesserung' (correction which makes things worse) with connection to κῆτος. Thus Bechtel Lex. s. v., who after Buttmann Lex. 2, 92ff., Solmsen Unt. 123f. a. o. assumes a word κῆτος = `crevice, abyss', which would occur in μεγα-κήτης (of δελφίς, ναῦς, evtl. also of πόντος) (diff. s. κῆτος). After Buttmann and Solmsen however κητώεσσαν (with metr. lengthening for *κητόεσσαν) is the real reading, i. e. from κῆτος as `crevice, abyss'. - It seems evident to connect καιέ\/ άτας `crevice in Sparta'; perhaps καιε\/ ατ- became *κηετ-ο-Ϝεσσα \> *κητοϜεσσα (cf. λαίθαργος\/ λήθαργος Fur. 338) of which the - ο- was lengthened. - Furnée 180 n. 6 points to the gloss ἄμυσσος κῆτος. Λάκωνες (s.s.v. βύθος), which shows that a crevice could be called κῆτος. - Ruijgh Lingua 28 (1971) derives the form from *κητοσ-Ϝεντ-.

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κητώεις

full of hollows: fem acc sg

καιάδας, ου, [dialect] Dor. α, ὁ,

A a pit or underground cavern at Sparta, into which state-prisoners or their corpses were thrown, Th.1.134, Paus. 4.18.4:—the forms [full] καιάτας and [full] καιέτας are found in Eust.1478.45:— also [full] καιετός, ὁ, fissure produced by earthquake, Str.8.5.7: hence Λακεδαίμονα καιετάεσσαν

A full of hollows or abysses, read by Zenod. for κητώεσσαν in Od.4.1: but

Εὐρώτας καιετάεις Call.Fr. 224

, is expld. by καλαμινθώδης in Str.l.c.; cf. [full] καιέτα· καλαμίνθη ([dialect] Boeot.), Hsch.; [full] καιέτας in Apollon.Lex. s.v. κητώεσσαν; gen. pl. [full] καιατῶν Anon. Lond.36.57.

κᾰλᾰμινθ-ώδης, ες,

A full of mint, Str.8.5.7, Apollon.Lex. s.v. κητώεσσαν.

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `pit or cavern at Sparta, into which people sentenced to death or their bodies were thrown' (Th. 1, 134, Paus. 4, 18,4, D. Chr. 80, 9).

Other forms: - ου, Dor. -ᾱ

Derivatives: Also καιάτας, - έτας `id.' (Eust. 1478, 45); καιετός `fissure produced by earthquake' (Str. 8, 5, 7), καίατα ὀρύγματα η τὰ ὑπὸ σεισμῶν καταρραγέντα χωρία H

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: The connection with Skt. kévaṭa- m. `pit' must be rejected (Kuiper, Aryans in the Rgveda 27); so no IE. *kaiu̯r̥-t-; cf. Mayrhofer KEWA s. v.). The form καιετός may be a reshaping after ὀχετός, ( σ)κάπετος a. o. In καιάδας an old variant with - δ- is suspected (Schwyzer 498 n. 13; but words like γαιάδας ὁ δῆμος ὑπὸ Λακώνων, γαυσάδας ψευδής H. show the Laconian use of the δᾱ-suffix also oustide their territory). Mixed forms are καιάτας, - έτας. - Vgl. κητώεσσαν. - It seems clear that the word is Pre-Greek; perhaps *kaw^ye-, which would give *καιϜα\/ ετ-; the ε from a after the palatalized consonant (the δ is a normal variant). Fur. 180, 349.

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Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: καλαμίνθη. Βοιωτοί H., καιετας (without accent, Apollon. Lex. s. v. κητώεσσαν), gen. pl. καιατῶν (Anon. Lond. 36, 57). Also καίατα(ς).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: - Derived from καίω because of the burning taste (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 62 A. 2; cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 306). Rather Pre-Greek, like the foregoing word, though I don't see any direct connection between the two words.

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Grammatical information: n.

Meaning: `big sea-animal, sea-monster' (Il.), `whale' (Arist.); also name of a constellation (Arat.; Scherer Gestirnnamen 187).

Compounds: Compp., e. g. κητό-δορπος ( συμφορά) `giving the κητεα their evening-meal' (Lyc.); μεγα-κήτης `with big κήτεα' (Hom.), adjunct of πόντος, also of δελφίς = `(being) a big κῆτος', from there of ναῦς (cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 184f.), βαθυ-κήτης ( πόντος) `having κήτεα in the deep' (Thgn. 175), πολυ-κήτης `with many κήτεα' (Theoc. 17, 98).

Derivatives: κήτειος `belonging to the κῆτος' (Mosch., Nonn.), κητώδης `belonging to the whale (species)' (Arist.); κητεία f. `catching of κήτεα (tunnies)' (Str., Ath., Ael.; after ἁλιεία); κήτημα `salted tunnies' (Diph. Siph. ap. Ath. 3, 121b; uncertain), κητήνη πλοῖον μέγα ὡς κῆτος H. (after ἀπήνη?; cf. also Chantraine Étrennes Benveniste 9); κητόομαι `become a κῆτος' (Ael.). See κητώεσσαν.

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Unexplained. Wrong IE. etymologies noted in Bq and WP. 1, 384 (s. also Bechtel Lex. s. v.). Prob. a Pre-Greek word.

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