βάσανοι

βάσανος

touchstone: fem nom /voc pl

καυσ-τικός, ή, όν,

A capable of burning, opp. καυστός ( capable of being burnt),

τὸ καυστὸν οὐ καίεται.. ἄνευ τοῦ καυστικοῦ Arist. de An. 417a8

, cf. Ph. 251a16;

τὸ πῦρ φύσει κ. Phld.Mus.p.71

K.: [comp] Comp. - ώτερος Arist.PA 648b18: [comp] Sup. - ώτατος Id.Cael. 307a1, Corn.ND32.

b corrosive, caustic,

δύναμις κ. Dsc. 2.4

([comp] Comp.);

φάρμακα κ. Gal.11.754

, Zopyr. ap. Orib.14.57.1.

2 of or by means of burning,

βάσανοι LXX 4 Ma.6.27

. Adv. -

κῶς, βλάπτειν Eust.70.36

.

3 of persons, feverish, Hp.Prorrh.1.70; also τὰ κ. inflammatory humours, Id.Epid.4.2.

ἐλεύθερος, α, ον (ος, ον A.Ag. 328, E.El. 868): later [full] ἐλαύθερος BCH22.76(Delph.); Elean [full] ἐλεύθαρος Schwyzer416.3:—

A free, Hom. has the word only in Il. in two phrases, ἐλεύθερον ἦμαρ the day of freedom, i.e. freedom, Il.6.455, 16.831, al.; and κρητὴρ ἐλεύθερος the cup drunk to freedom, 6.528;

ἐ. πιοῦσαν οἶνον ἀποθανεῖν Xenarch.5

codd. Ath. (fort. - ριον, cf.

ἐλευθέριος 1.2

); of persons, Alc.Supp.25.11, Hdt.1.6, A.Pr.50, S.Aj. 1020, Th.8.15, etc.: [comp] Comp., X.Cyr.8.3.21: [comp] Sup., Id.Hier.1.16; τὸ ἐ. freedom, Hdt 7.103, etc.;

τοὐλεύθερον E.Supp. 438

: c.gen., free or freed from a thing, φόνου, πημάτων, φόβου, A.Eu. 603 codd., Ch. 1060, E.Hec. 869;

αἰτίας Men.Sam. 272

; ἔξω αἰτίας ἐ. S.Ant. 445; ἐ. ἀπ' ἀλλήλων independent, X.Cyr.3.2.23, Pl.Lg. 832d.

b ἐλευθέρα, ἡ, married woman, Ath.13.571d; wife, POxy. 1872.8(v/vi A.D.); but, freedwoman, IG14.2490 ([place name] Vienne).

c free, of cities, in Roman Law, BGU316.3 (iv A.D.).

2 of things, free, open to all,

ἀγορά X.Cyr.1.2.3

; ἐ. φυλακή,= Lat. libera custodia, D.S. 4.46;

περιωπή Ael.NA 15.5

; unencumbered, of property, D.35.21, IG 9(1).32.10 ([place name] Stiris), SIG364.36 (Ephesus, iii B.C.).

3 ἐλεύθερον εἶναί τινι, c. inf., legally permissible, open to.., ib.45.42 (Halic., v B.C.).

II = ἐλευθέριος, fit for a freeman, free, frank,

φρήν Pi.P.2.57

;

ἐλευθερωτέρη ὑπόκρισις Hdt.1.116

;

ἐλεύθρα βάζειν A.Pers. 593

(lyr.);

ὦ μηδὲν ὑγιὲς μηδ' ἐ. φρονῶν S.Ph. 1006

;

δούλη μέν, εἴρηκεν δ' ἐ. λόγον Id.Tr.63

, cf.El. 1256;

φρονήματα Pl.R. 567a

; βάσανοι ἐ. tortures such as might be used to a freeman, Id.Lg. 946c (so

φάσγανα E. Fr.495.38

); τὸ ἐ. Pl.Mx. 245c: freq. in Adv.

-ρως, εἰπεῖν Hdt.5.93

, al.; χαίρειν.. καὶ γελᾶν ἐ. S.El. 1300;

τεθραμμένους Isoc.7.43

codd. (fort. - ερίως) ; παιδευθεὶς ἐ. Aeschin.3.154 codd. (fort. - ερίως)

; ἐ. δούλευε, δοῦλος οὐκ ἔσει Men.857

; ἐλεύθεροι ἐλευθέρως free and like free men, Pl.Lg. 919e. (Cf. Lat. līber, fr. Ital. * loufero-(cf. Osc. Luvfreis 'Liberi'), I.-E. ( e)leudh-ero-: the connexion with Slav. liud, OHG. liut, etc. 'people' is doubtful.)

βιωτικός, ή, όν (since Aristot., HA 9, 17 [Lob. on Phryn. 355]; pap) pert. to daily life and living, belonging to (daily) life (so Polyb. et al.; cp. χρεῖαι β. ‘necessities of daily life’ Polyb. 4, 73, 8; Diod S 2. 29, 5; Philo Bybl. [100 A.D.]: 790 Fgm. 1, 29 Jac. [in Eus., PE 1, 9, 29]; Artem. 1, 31; Philo Alex., Mos. 2, 158) μέριμναι β. Lk 21:34; β. πράξεις Hv 1, 3, 1; β. πράγματα 3, 11, 3; m 5, 2, 2; βάσανοι β. tortures that befall one during his earthly life Hs 6, 3, 4; β. κριτήρια 1 Cor 6:4 (s. κριτήριον); cp. vs. 3 βιωτικά ordinary (everyday) matters (τά β. in a somewhat different sense Epict. 1, 26, 3; 7; Vett. Val. 286, 14; PRyl 125, 11; Philo, Omn. Prob. Liber 49; Field, Notes 171). In connection with 1 Cor 6:1–6, s. ERohde, Z. griech. Roman (Kleine Schriften II) 1901, 38f; also Philostrat., Vi. Soph. 1, 25, 3, concerning quarrels in daily life which, in contrast to grave offenses, are not to be brought to court, but settled at home.—DELG s.v. βίος. M-M.

κοσμικός, ή, όν (s. κόσμος; Aristot., Phys. 2, 4 p. 196a, 25 τοὐρανοῦ τοῦδε καὶ τῶν κοσμικῶν πάντων; Vett. Val. Index II; Lucian, Paras. 11 [opp. ἀνθρώπινος]; Ps.-Plutarch, Consol. ad Apoll. 34, Mor. 119e κοσμικὴ διάταξις; ins; PGM 4, 2533 τὰ κοσμικὰ πάντα; TestAbr A 7 p. 84, 25 [Stone p. 16] τὸν κοσμικὸν βίον; TestJos 17:8 κ. … δόξαν; Philo, Aet. M. 53; Jos., Bell. 4, 324; Tat. 12, 5 κ. καταλήψεως; Ath. 24, 5 κ. σοφίας; loanw. in rabb.).

① pert. to the earth as a physical phenomenon, earthly (TestJos. 17:8) τὸ ἅγιον κ. the earthly sanctuary (opp. heavenly) Hb 9:1. τὸ κ. μυστήριον ἐκκλησίας the earthly mystery of the church D 11:11. κοσμικαὶ βάσανοι earthly tortures MPol 2:3.—Subst. τὰ κ. ταῦτα these earthly things 2 Cl 5:6 (cp. Did., Gen. 149, 11).

② pert. to interests prevailing on earth, worldly, w. the implication of that which is at enmity w. God or morally reprehensible: αἱ κοσμικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι worldly desires Tit 2:12; 2 Cl 17:3 (cp. Iren.1, 16, 3 [Harv. I 164, 5]).—DELG s.v. κόσμος. TW. Sv.

νόσος, ου, ἡ (Hom.+)

① physical malady, disease, illness (freq. viewed in Mediterranean society as socially devaluing) lit. Ac 19:12; πεσούσης … εἰς ν. when (Artemilla) … became ill AcPl Ha 4, 15 (cp. ApcMos 5 περιπεσὼν εἰς ν.). W. μαλακία: θεραπεύειν πᾶσαν ν. Mt 4:23; 9:35; 10:1 (cp. Jos., Bell. 5, 383 πάσῃ ν.). νόσους θεραπεύειν Lk 9:1 (Just., A I, 48, 1 πάσας ν.). W. βάσανοι Mt 4:24. ἐθεράπευσεν πολλοὺς κακῶς ἔχοντας ποικίλαις ν. he healed many who were sick w. various diseases Mk 1:34 (Tat. 20, 2 ποικίλαι ν.). ἀσθενοῦντες νόσοις ποικίλαις Lk 4:40. ἐθεράπευσεν πολλοὺς ἀπὸ νόσων he healed many people of their illnesses 7:21. Pass. ἰαθῆναι ἀπὸ τῶν ν. 6:18. In imagery βαστάζειν τὰς ν. τινός bear someone’s diseases (after Is 53:4 where, however, LXX does not have νόσος) Mt 8:17; IPol 1:3.

② moral malady, disease fig. ext. of 1: vice (Bias in Diog. L. 1, 86 νόσος ψυχῆς of a character defect; Just., D. 30, 1 τὸν λαὸν … ἐν νόσῳ ψυχικῇ ὑπάρχοντα; Herm. Wr. 12, 3 ἀθεότης; oft. Philo) ὁ μοιχὸς … τῇ ἰδίᾳ ν. τὸ ἱκανὸν ποιεῖ the adulterer gives satisfaction to his own diseased inclination Hs 6, 5, 5.—MGrmek, Diseases in the Ancient Greek World, tr. M and LMueller, ’89 [orig. French ’83].—DELG. M-M. TW.

ποικίλος, η, ον (Hom.+)

① pert. to existence in various kinds or modes, diversified, manifold (Pind. et al.; 2 Macc 15:21; EpArist 78; Philo; Jos., Bell. 3, 393, Ant. 10, 142) ἄνθη (Ps.-Pla., Axioch. 13 p. 371c) ApcPt 3:10. ἀρνήσεις Hs 8, 8, 4. ἀσθένειαι 6, 3, 4c. βάσανοι many/various kinds of torments Mt 4:24; Hs 6, 3, 4b; of torture MPol 2:4. βοτάναι Hm 10, 1, 5. δυνάμεις Hb 2:4. ἔθνη Hs 9, 17, 2b; ἐπιθυμίαι 2 Ti 3:6; cp. Tit 3:3. ἰδέαι Hs 9, 17, 1. καρποί 9, 28, 3; Dg 12:1. νόσοι (Tat. 20, 2; Philo, Omn. Prob. Lib. 58 νοσήματα) Mt 4:24; Mk 1:34; Lk 4:40. ὄρη Hs 9, 17, 2ac; 3. πειρασμοί Js 1:2; 1 Pt 1:6 (πολλοῖς P⁷²). πονηρίαι Hs 9, 18, 3. πραγματεῖαι (cp. Philo, In Flacc. 3) 9, 20, 1. τιμωρίαι 6, 3, 3; 4a. τρυφαί m 6, 2, 5. π. χάρις θεοῦ the grace of God, that manifests itself in various ways 1 Pt 4:10. χρόαι Hs 9, 4, 5ac. W. ξένος: διδαχαί Hb 13:9 (s. also 2b below). W. πολύς (Diod S 5, 62, 1 πολλοὶ κ. ποικίλοι λόγοι=many and varied reports; 17, 13, 1; Maximus Tyr. 11, 11e; Ps.-Plut., Hom. 122) Hm 4, 2, 3; Hs 9, 20, 2. ἐν πολλαῖ θλίψεσι π. in many kinds of afflictions 7:4.

② pert. to existence in various aspects

ⓐ of things, many-colored, variegated (Hom.+; Polyaenus 6, 1, 4; Lucian, Deor. Conc. 10; PGM 4, 2709; LXX [Gen 37:3 al.]; TestJob 46:7; TestZeb 1:3; Jos., Ant. 11, 235). This mng. is to be preferred in οἱ λίθοι οἱ π. the many-colored stones (JosAs 2:3; 13:5; IG IV²/1, 106 I, 96; 113 [IV B.C.]) Hs 9, 4, 5b.

ⓑ of persons, esp. w. ref. to devious ways of thinking, words, actions, fig. ext. of 2a: ambiguous, crafty, sly, deceitful (Hes. et al.; Trag.; Pind., N. 5, 28 βουλεύματα; Aristoph., Thesm. 438 λόγοι; Polyb. 8, 18, 4 Κρὴς ὑπάρχων καὶ φύσει ποικίλος; Just., D. 134, 5) Hb 13:9 (s. also 1 above). ἀπατη[λοὺς] καὶ π. … λόγους AcPl Ox 6, 12 (restored after Aa I 241, 14).—DELG. M-M. TW.