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(untried)

  • 121 rudis

    1.
    rŭdis, e, adj. [cf. crudus], unwrought, untilled, unformed, unused, rough, raw, wild (cf. crudus): omnis fere materia non deformata, rudis appellatur, sicut vestimentum rude, non perpolitum: sic aes infectum rudusculum, Cincius ap. Fest. p. 265 Müll. (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    terra (opp. restibilis),

    Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 2; so,

    terra,

    id. ib. 1, 27, 2:

    ager,

    Col. 3, 11, 1:

    campus,

    Verg. G. 2, 211:

    humus,

    Ov. M. 5, 646:

    rudis atque infecta materies,

    Petr. 114, 13; cf.:

    rudis indigestaque moles (Chaos),

    Ov. M. 1, 7:

    marmor,

    Quint. 2, 19, 3:

    saxum,

    id. 9, 4, 27; cf.:

    signa (de marmore coepto),

    Ov. M. 1, 406:

    aes (opp. signatum),

    Plin. 33, 3, 13:

    hasta,

    rudely finished, ill-made, Verg. A. 9, 743; cf.:

    novacula (with retusa),

    Petr. 94, 14:

    circumjectus parietum,

    Plin. 11, 51, 112, § 270:

    caementum,

    Tac. Or. 20 (with informes tegulae):

    lana,

    Ov. M. 6, 19:

    textum,

    rough, coarse, id. ib. 8, 640; so,

    vestis,

    id. F. 4, 659:

    herba,

    wild, Mart. 2, 90, 8: cf.

    uva,

    unripe, green, hard, id. 13, 68.— Neutr. plur. as subst.: detrahit doctrina aliquid, ut lima rudibus et cotes hebetibus, Quint. 2, 12, 8. —
    B.
    Poet., transf., young, new (cf. integer):

    illa (carina, sc. Argo) rudem cursu prima imbuit Amphitriten,

    untried, not yet sailed on, Cat. 64, 11;

    hence, also, Argo,

    Luc. 3, 193:

    agna,

    Mart. 9, 71, 6:

    filia,

    id. 7, 95, 8:

    dextram cruore regio imbuit,

    Sen. Troad. 217:

    pannas,

    new, Vulg. Matt. 9, 16. —
    II.
    Trop., rude, unpolished, uncultivated, unskilled, awkward, clumsy, ignorant; hence (like ignarus), with gen., unacquainted with, inexperienced in, etc. (cf. imperitus).
    (α).
    Absol.:

    consilium,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 61; cf.:

    forma ingenii impolita et plane rudis,

    Cic. Brut. 85, 294:

    incohata ac rudia,

    id. de Or. 1, 2, 5:

    quae rudia atque imperfecta adhuc erant,

    Quint. 3, 1, 7:

    rudia et incomposita,

    id. 9, 4, 17:

    vox surda, rudis, immanis, dura, etc.,

    id. 11, 3, 32:

    modulatio,

    id. 1, 10, 16; cf.:

    modus (tibicinis),

    Ov. A. A. 1, 111:

    rude et Graecis intactum carmen,

    Hor. S. 1, 10, 66:

    stilus (with confusus),

    Quint. 1, 1, 28; 12, 10, 3:

    animi,

    id. 1, 10, 9 (with agrestes);

    1, 1, 36: adhuc ingenia,

    id. 1, 2, 27; cf.

    ingenium,

    Hor. A. P. 410:

    rudis fuit vita priscorum et sine litteris,

    Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 284:

    saeculum,

    Quint. 2, 5, 23; 12, 11, 23; Tac. H. 1, 86:

    anni,

    i. e. young, early, Quint. 1, 1, 5; Tac. A. 13, 16 fin.; cf.:

    adhuc aetas,

    id. ib. 4, 8:

    rudem me et integrum discipulum accipe et ea, quae requiro, doce,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 3, 7; Quint. 2, 3, 3; 3, 6, 83:

    Aeschylus rudis in plerisque et incompositus,

    id. 10, 1, 66:

    tam eram rudis? tam ignarus rerum? etc.,

    Cic. Sest. 21, 47; so (with ignarus) Quint. 1, 8, 4:

    rudis ac stultus,

    id. 11, 3, 76:

    illi rudes homines primique,

    id. 8, 3, 36; 10, 2, 5:

    illi rudes ac bellicosi,

    id. 1, 10, 20:

    nescit equo rudis Haerere ingenuus puer,

    Hor. C. 3, 24, 54.—
    (β).
    With in and abl.:

    cum superiores alii fuissent in disputationibus perpoliti, alii in disserendo rudes,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

    (oratorem) nullā in re tironem ac rudem esse debere,

    id. de Or. 1, 50, 218; (with hebes) id. ib. 1, 58, 248:

    rudis in re publicā,

    id. Phil. 6, 6, 17:

    in causā,

    id. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

    in jure civili,

    id. de Or. 1, 10, 40:

    in minoribus navigiis,

    id. ib. 1, 38, 174:

    omnino in nostris poëtis,

    id. Fin. 1, 2, 5:

    sermo nullā in re,

    id. de Or. 1, 8, 32.—With simple abl. (very rare):

    Ennius ingenio maximus, arte rudis,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 424:

    arte,

    Stat. Th. 6, 437:

    studiis,

    Vell. 2, 73, 1.—
    (γ).
    With gen.:

    imperiti homines rerum omnium rudes ignarique,

    Cic. Fl. 7, 16:

    dicat se non imperitum foederis, non rudem exemplorum, non ignarum belli fuisse,

    id. Balb. 20, 47:

    provinciae rudis,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

    Graecarum litterarum,

    id. Off. 1, 1, 1; Nep. Pelop. 1, 1:

    rei militaris,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2:

    harum rerum,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:

    artium,

    Liv. 1, 7:

    bonarum artium,

    Tac. A. 1, 3:

    facinorum,

    id. ib. 12, 51:

    agminum,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 9:

    civilis belli,

    id. Ep. 2, 2, 47; cf.:

    bellorum (elephanti),

    Flor. 4, 2, 67:

    operum conjugiique,

    Ov. F. 4, 336:

    somni,

    i. e. sleepless, id. M. 7, 213:

    dicendi,

    Tac. A. 1, 29.—
    (δ).
    With ad (very rare):

    rudem ad pedestria bella Numidarum gentem esse,

    Liv. 24, 48, 5:

    ad quae (spectacula) rudes tum Romani erant,

    id. 45, 32, 10; 10, 22, 6; 21, 25, 6:

    ad partus,

    Ov. H. 11, 48:

    ad mala,

    id. P. 3, 7, 18:

    rudes adhuc ad resistendum populos,

    Just. 1, 1, 5:

    rudis natio ad voluptates,

    Curt. 6, 21, 9; 8, 8, 24.—
    (ε).
    With dat. (very rare):

    fontes rudes puellis,

    i. e. strange, Mart. 6, 42, 4.—
    (ζ).
    With inf.:

    nec ferre rudis medicamina,

    Sil. 6, 90:

    Martem rudis versare,

    id. 8, 262.— Comp., sup., and adv. do not occur.
    2.
    rŭdis, is, f. ( abl. sing. rudi, Capitol. Opil. Macr. 4, 5), a slender stick or rod.
    I.
    To stir with in cooking; a stirring-stick, spatula:

    versato crebro duabus rudibus,

    Cato, R. R. 79; so,

    ferreae,

    Plin. 34, 18, 50, § 170; cf. rudicula.—
    II.
    A staff used by soldiers and gladiators in their exercises (perh. a wooden sword), answering to a quarter-staff, a foil (freq. and class.):

    (milites) rudibus inter se in modum justae pugnae concurrerunt,

    Liv. 26, 51; 40, 6 and 9 Drak. N. cr. (al. sudibus); Ov. Am. 2, 9, 22; id. A. A. 3, 515:

    rudibus batuere,

    Suet. Calig. 32.—Hence, transf.: PRIMA or SVMMA RVDIS (also in one word, SVMMARVDIS), the first or head fencer, the fencing-master, Inscr. Orell. 2575; 2584: SECVNDA RVDIS, the second fencer, the fencing-master ' s assistant, ib. 2573 sq.—A gladiator received such a rudis when honorably discharged (whence he was called rudiarius):

    tam bonus gladiator rudem tam cito accepisti?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 74:

    acceptā rude,

    Juv. 6, 113:

    essedario rudem indulgere,

    Suet. Claud. 21.—And hence transf. to other persons who receive an honorable discharge:

    tardā vires minuente senectā, Me quoque donari jam rude tempus erat,

    i. e. to dismiss, discharge, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 24; id. Am. 2, 9, 22; cf.:

    spectatum satis et donatum jam rude,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 2 (v. Orell. ad h. l.):

    ergo sibi dabit ipse rudem,

    Juv. 7, 171; Mart. 3, 36, 10.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > rudis

  • 122 насколько известно автору

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > насколько известно автору

  • 123 неиспытанный

    1. unessayed
    2. untested
    3. untried

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > неиспытанный

  • 124 ἄπειρος

    -ος,-ον + A 1-0-2-0-1=4 Nm 14,23; Jer 2,6; Zech 11,15; Wis 13,18
    inexperienced, ignorant Nm 14,23; unskillful Zech 11,15; untried, untrodden Jer 2,6

    Lust (λαγνεία) > ἄπειρος

  • 125 bail

    I [beɪl] noun
    a sum of money which is given to a court of law to get an untried prisoner out of prison until the time of his trial, and which acts as security for his return:

    bail of $500.

    كَفالَه II [beɪl] noun
    one of the cross-pieces laid on the top of the wicket in cricket.
    الصليب الصَّليبُ على رأس قَوْس الكريكيت III
    See:

    Arabic-English dictionary > bail

  • 126 Judicial and Legal System

       The 1976 Constitution and 1982 revisions provide for three fundamental courts, each with different functions, as well as other special courts, including a military court. The three principal courts are the Constitutional Court, Supreme Court of Justice, and Supreme Court of Administration. The Constitutional Court determines whether legislative acts (laws) are legal and constitutional. In addition, it ascertains the physical ability of the president of the Republic to perform duties of office, as well as to determine the constitutionality of international agreements. Ten of this court's members are selected by the Assembly of the Republic.
       The Supreme Court of Justice, the highest court of law, heads the court system and tries civil and criminal cases. It includes first courts to try cases and courts of appeal. The Supreme Court of Administration examines the administrative and fiscal conduct of government institutions. All matters concerning judges, including the power to discipline judges whose conduct does not comply with the law, are overseen by the Higher Council of the Bench and the Superior Council of the Administrative and Fiscal Courts. There is also an Ombudsman, elected for a four-year term by the Assembly of the Republic, who serves as chief civil and human rights officer of the country. This officer receives 3,000-4,000 complaints a year from citizens who dispute acts of the judicial and legal system.
       Portugal's system of laws is based on Roman civil law and has been shaped by the French legal system. Unlike common law in the American and British legal systems, Portugal's system of laws is based on a complete body of law so that judicial reason is deductive. Legal precedent, then, has little influence. Portuguese judges are viewed as civil servants simply applying the law from codes, not as a judiciary who interpret law. While the post-1974 judicial and legal system is freer and fairer than that under the Estado Novo dictatorship, it has received criticism on the grounds of being very slow, cumbersome, overburdened with cases, and sometimes corrupt. There has been a backlog of untried cases and long delays before trial because of vacant judgeships and inefficient operations.
       Under Portuguese criminal law, preventive detention for a maximum of four months is legal. Much longer preventive detention terms occur due to the trial backlog. Memories persist of legal abuses under the Estado Novo system, when suspects convicted of crimes against the state could be detained legally for periods of from six months to three years. Media sensationalism and the cited problems of the judicial system exacerbated tensions in recent high-profile trials, including the 2004-05 trial of a child prostitution and pedophile ring, tried in Lisbon, with suspects including a celebrated television personality and a former diplomat.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Judicial and Legal System

  • 127 ἀβασάνιστος

    A not tortured,

    ἀ. θνῄσκειν J.BJ1.32.3

    , cf. Plu.2.275c;

    κημοῖς ὑπερῴαν ἀ. Ael.NA13.9

    . Adv. - τως without pain, βλέπειν τὸν ἥλιον ib. 10.14.
    2 untried, unexamined,

    ἀ. τι ἐᾶσαι Antipho 1.13

    ;

    ἀπολιπεῖν Plb.4.75.3

    ;

    παραλείπειν Plu.2.59c

    . Adv.

    - τως

     without due examination,

    Th. 1.20

    , Plu.2.28b.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀβασάνιστος

  • 128 ἀζήτητος

    A unexamined, untried, Aeschin.3.22, Aristox.Fr.Hist. 15; outside the scope of inquiry, Thphr.Metaph.10. Adv.

    -τως, ἔχειν τῶν θείων Ph.1.96

    ;

    τῆς αἰτίας Hierocl.

     inCA10p.437M.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀζήτητος

Страницы

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