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(s)mēl-i-

  • 1 mělь

    mělь; mělъ Grammatical information: f. i; m. o
    Page in Trubačev: XVIII 162-168
    Old Church Slavic:
    měla (Supr.) `lime' [Gensm o]
    Russian:
    mel' `sand-bank, shoal' [f i];
    mel `chalk' [m o]
    Czech:
    měl (SSJČ) `spit' [f i];
    měl (Jungmann) `pebble, dust, shoal' [f i];
    měl (Kott) `loose earth, powder, pebble' [f i]
    Old Czech:
    měl `shoal, sand-bank, fodder' [m i]
    Polish:
    miaɫ, mieɫ (dial.) `dust, chalk, muddy water, fine powder' [m o]
    Old Polish:
    miel `sand-bank' [f i];
    miaɫ `finely ground substance' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mẽlj (Čak.), mèlja [Gens] `fine sand' [m jo];
    mél (Čak.), mèla [Gens] `dust, powder' [m o]
    Slovene:
    mẹ̑lj `sand-bank' [m jo]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: (s)mēl-i-
    Lithuanian:
    smė̃lis `sand' [m io] 2 \{1\}
    Latvian:
    smēlis `fine sand' [m io] \{2\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: mēlH-i-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 717
    Comments: The Baltic and Slavic forms are formally compatible with the root melH- `to grind', the Baltic word showing s mobile. The lengthened grade vowel points to an old root noun. Semantically, this etymology does not seem implausible to me ( pace Stang (l.c.), who, by the way, does not mention any Baltic forms).
    Other cognates:
    OIc. melr (dial.) `sand-bank'
    ;
    Sw. mjåg (dial.) `sand-hill, high riverbank'
    ;
    Sw. smula `chunk'
    ;
    Nw. smola (dial.) `smash' [verb];
    Nw. smol (dial.) `dust'
    \{3\} \{4\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Also Standard Lithuanian is smėlỹs 4. \{2\} Judging by the Lithuanian evidence, the zero grade of the root was originally acute: smiltis 1/3/4 (LKŽ) `fine sand, gritty earth'. The only non-ambiguous Latvian forms in ME are smìlts and smìltis `sand', however. The most plausible option is that the Latvian falling tone is secondary (cf. Derksen 1996: 147). \{3\} The Scandinavian forms with sm- could derive from the root melH- `grind' preceded by s mobile. OIc. melr and Sw. (dial.) mjåg < *mjalg are mentioned by Stang in connection with Ru. mel' etc. (1972: 36). According to Stang, these words point to *melha- /melga. Therefore the possible etymological relationship with the Slavic forms is limited to the root.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mělь

  • 2 mělъ

    mělь; mělъ Grammatical information: f. i; m. o
    Page in Trubačev: XVIII 162-168
    Old Church Slavic:
    měla (Supr.) `lime' [Gensm o]
    Russian:
    mel' `sand-bank, shoal' [f i];
    mel `chalk' [m o]
    Czech:
    měl (SSJČ) `spit' [f i];
    měl (Jungmann) `pebble, dust, shoal' [f i];
    měl (Kott) `loose earth, powder, pebble' [f i]
    Old Czech:
    měl `shoal, sand-bank, fodder' [m i]
    Polish:
    miaɫ, mieɫ (dial.) `dust, chalk, muddy water, fine powder' [m o]
    Old Polish:
    miel `sand-bank' [f i];
    miaɫ `finely ground substance' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mẽlj (Čak.), mèlja [Gens] `fine sand' [m jo];
    mél (Čak.), mèla [Gens] `dust, powder' [m o]
    Slovene:
    mẹ̑lj `sand-bank' [m jo]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: (s)mēl-i-
    Lithuanian:
    smė̃lis `sand' [m io] 2 \{1\}
    Latvian:
    smēlis `fine sand' [m io] \{2\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: mēlH-i-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 717
    Comments: The Baltic and Slavic forms are formally compatible with the root melH- `to grind', the Baltic word showing s mobile. The lengthened grade vowel points to an old root noun. Semantically, this etymology does not seem implausible to me ( pace Stang (l.c.), who, by the way, does not mention any Baltic forms).
    Other cognates:
    OIc. melr (dial.) `sand-bank'
    ;
    Sw. mjåg (dial.) `sand-hill, high riverbank'
    ;
    Sw. smula `chunk'
    ;
    Nw. smola (dial.) `smash' [verb];
    Nw. smol (dial.) `dust'
    \{3\} \{4\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Also Standard Lithuanian is smėlỹs 4. \{2\} Judging by the Lithuanian evidence, the zero grade of the root was originally acute: smiltis 1/3/4 (LKŽ) `fine sand, gritty earth'. The only non-ambiguous Latvian forms in ME are smìlts and smìltis `sand', however. The most plausible option is that the Latvian falling tone is secondary (cf. Derksen 1996: 147). \{3\} The Scandinavian forms with sm- could derive from the root melH- `grind' preceded by s mobile. OIc. melr and Sw. (dial.) mjåg < *mjalg are mentioned by Stang in connection with Ru. mel' etc. (1972: 36). According to Stang, these words point to *melha- /melga. Therefore the possible etymological relationship with the Slavic forms is limited to the root.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mělъ

  • 3 màlъ

    màlъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `small, little'
    Page in Trubačev: XVII 173-178
    Old Church Slavic:
    malъ `small, little' [adj o]
    Russian:
    mályj `small, little' [adj o]
    Czech:
    malý `small, little' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    malý `small, little' [adj o]
    Polish:
    maɫy `small, little' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȁo `small, little' [adj o];
    Čak. må̃lī (Vrgada) `small, little' [adj o];
    Čak. mȃli (Orbanići) `small, little' [adj o]
    Slovene:
    mȃli `small, little' [adj o]
    Bulgarian:
    mal (BTR) `small, little' [adj o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: moh₁-lo-
    Page in Pokorny: 724
    Comments: The question is whether *màlъ can be linked to PIE *melH-, as has been advocated by Varbot, for instance (1972: 63). In view of the acute root vowel, I consider this unlikely: we would have to posit a lengthened grade root of which the acute intonation is analogical after forms with full or zero grade. Thus, I prefer to reconstruct a root *mH₁-, which in the etymon under discussion is followed by an l-suffix (cf. Vaillant IV, 545, where the root is assumed to be identical with the root of Ru. majat', which I reconstruct as *meH₂-). The Germanic forms would have s mobile and zero grade of the root. Notice that Pokorny classifies CS mělъkъ under 1. mel-, melǝ- `zermalmen, schlagen, mahlen etc.', while OCS malъ can be found under mēlo-, smēlo- `kleines Tier'.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. μη̃λον `small cattle, goat, sheep' [n] \{1\};
    OIr. míl `(small) `animal';
    Go. smals `small, insignificant'
    ;
    OIc. smali `small (live) `stock, sheep'
    Notes:
    \{1\} The Doric form also has η.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > màlъ

  • 4 modliti

    modliti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `pray'
    Page in Trubačev: XIX 87-92
    Old Church Slavic:
    moliti `ask, pray' [verb], moljǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    molít' `pray, beseech' [verb], moljú [1sg], mólit [3sg]
    Czech:
    modliti se `pray' [verb]
    Slovak:
    modlit' sa `pray' [verb]
    Polish:
    modlić `pray' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mòliti `pray, ask' [verb], mȍlīm [1sg];
    Čak. molȉti (Vrgada) `pray, ask' [verb], mȍlīš [2sg];
    Čak. molȉt (Orbanići) `pray, beg' [verb], mȍlin [1sg]
    Slovene:
    modliti (OSln., dial.) `pray' [verb];
    móliti `pray (for), wish' [verb], mǫ́lim [1sg]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: moldiʔtei
    Lithuanian:
    mel̃sti `ask, implore, pray' [verb], mel̃džia [3sg];
    maldýti `implore' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: moldʰ-(l?)-
    Other cognates:
    Hitt. ma-al-ta-i/ma-al-di `pray' [verb];
    OS meldōn `report, tell' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > modliti

  • 5 melti

    melti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `grind, mill'
    Page in Trubačev: XVIII 90-91
    Old Church Slavic:
    mlěti `grind, mill' [verb], meljǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    molót' `grind, mill' [verb], meljú [1sg], méljet [3sg]
    Czech:
    mlíti `grind, mill' [verb]
    Slovak:
    mliet́ `grind, mill' [verb]
    Polish:
    mleć `grind, mill' [verb], mielę [1sg]
    Slovincian:
    mlùo̯c `grind, mill' [verb]
    Upper Sorbian:
    mlěć `grind, mill' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mljȅti `grind, mill' [verb], mȅljēm [1sg];
    Čak. mlȉti (Vrgada) `grind, mill' [verb], mȅl̨eš [2sg];
    Čak. mlȅt (Orbanići) `grind, mill, babble, chatter' [verb], mȅljen [1sg]
    Slovene:
    mlẹ́ti `grind, mill' [verb], mẹ́ljem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    mélja `grind, mill' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: melʔtei
    Lithuanian:
    málti `grind, mill' [verb]
    Latvian:
    mal̃t `grind, mill' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: melH-
    IE meaning: grind
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 716ff
    Other cognates:
    Skt. mr̯ṇā́ti, mr̯ṇáti `crush, grind' [verb];
    Hitt. malla- `grind' [verb];
    Lat. molere `grind' [verb];
    Go. malan `grind' [verb];
    OHG malan `grind, mill' [verb];
    OIr. meilid `grind' [verb];
    Arm. malem `crush' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > melti

  • 6 melzti

    melzti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `milk'
    Page in Trubačev: XVIII 95-96
    Church Slavic:
    mlěsti (RuCS) `bring down, dislodge' [verb], mlьzu [1sg] \{1\}
    Slovak:
    mĺzt' `suck' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȕsti `milk' [verb], múzēm [1sg];
    Čak. mȕsti (Vrgada) `milk' [verb], mūzeš [2sg];
    Čak. mȕs (Orbanići) `milk' [verb], mūzȅn [1sg]
    Slovene:
    mlẹ́sti `milk' [verb], móɫzem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    mălzjá (dial.) `milk' [verb], mlьzu [1sg]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: melʔźtei
    Lithuanian:
    mélžti `milk' [verb], mélžia [3sg];
    mìlžti `milk' [verb], mélžia [3sg]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂melǵ-
    IE meaning: milk
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 722
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ἀμέλγω `milk' [verb];
    Lat. mulgēre `milk' [verb];
    OE melcan `milk' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Also melьziti `milk'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > melzti

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