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(bind+oneself)

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61 VIÐ

I)

prep. with dat. and acc.

I. with dat.

1) against;

hann sló honum niðr v. steininum, he dashed his head against the stone;

hús liggja v. velli, the houses lie in ruins;

kasta sér niðr v. velli, to cast oneself down on the ground;

er inn efri kjöptr v. himni, en inn neðri við jörðu, the upper jaw touches the heaven, the lower the earth;

hann hjó hann upp v. garðinum, he smote him close by the fence;

skera af sér strenginn við øxinni, to cut the string, asunder against the axe;

2) against, towards, of direction;

horfa v. e-m, to look towards, face;

3) along with (hann hafði marga smiðu v. sér);

4) with, of an instrument (jarl hljóp upp v. sverði);

5) among;

gengu síðan í sæti sin v. öðrum mönnum, among other men;

6) denoting barter, exchange, against, for (geta gull v. grjóti);

7) denoting remedy, against (hjálpa e-m v. e-u);

8) against, denoting contest, warding off (hafa liðsafla v. e-m);

hafa (viz. afl) v. e-m, to be one’s match;

9) ellipt. usages;

stinga v. fótum, to stop;

hrífa v., to catch hold;

búast v., to make oneself ready;

risa v., to withstand;

hvatz hann fiðr v., whatsoever he may object;

II. with acc.

1) by, at, close to (sníða skeggit við hökuna);

skjöldr við skjöld, shield to shield;

v. Sandhólaferju, at Sandholferry;

v. veginn, by the wayside;

v. ána, by the river;

draga segl v. hún, to hoist the sail to the top;

festa e-n v. meið, tré, to fasten to a pole, tree;

binda v. fót e-s, to bind up a broken leg;

dró upp flóka v. austr, in the east;

2) of time, towards, at;

v. solar-setr, at sunset;

v. sól, with the sun, at sunrise;

v. aptan, towards evening;

vera v. aldr, to be stricken in years;

3) at, by (vera heima v. bú sitt);

Hrútr var v. skip um sumarit, H. stayed by his ship during the summer;

sitja v. stýri, to sit at the rudder;

styðja sik v. e-t, to lean on;

ganga v. staf, to walk with a staff;

vera v. e-t, to be present at;

sitja v. drykk, to sit at drink;

4) denoting direction;

í sýn v. bœinn, within sight of the town;

5) denoting company, with (bauð þeim heim vill alla sína menn);

v. annan, þriðja, fjórða mann, being two, three, four altogether;

6) towards (a person or thing), respecting, regarding (mildr, blíðr, góðr v. e-n);

til gæzlu v. e-n: for keeping, watching one;

hræddr v. e-n, afraid of one;

7) of cause, by, at;

falla v. högg, to fall by a stroke;

sigla v. stjörnuljós, to sail by starlight;

verða reiðr v. e-t, to become wroth at;

8) as compared with, set off against (þrjóta mun okkr illsku v. þik);

eigi minna virðr en v. konunginn, of equal worth with the king;

9) according to, after (gera klæði v. vöxt e-s);

v. sik, in proportion;

hann var skapaðr allr v. sik, well shaped, symmetrical;

vita, hvat v. sik væri, to know what was the matter;

10) denoting means, with, by (v. þessar fortölur);

tendra eld v. e-t, to make fire by;

11) ellipt. usages;

bregða við, to start;

hann þagði v., he remained silent;

fá v. þrjú skip, to add three ships;

þurfa v., to need;

bjarga, hjálpa e-u v., to help, put right;

koma e-u við, to bring about.

II)

(gen. -jar, pl. -jar), f. withy, withe; collar (viðjar af gulli).

III)

pers. pron. dual, we two.

* * *

1.

f., gen. sing. viðjar, pl. viðjar, [Dan. vidje; Engl. withy; akin is víðir, q. v.]:— a withy or with; síðan var viðin ( a withy halter) dregin á hals honum, Fms. vii. 13 (see v. l.); þarmarnir urðu at viðu (sic) sterkri, Fas. iii. 34; ef röng eða viðjar slitna, Jb. 398; var enginn saumr í, en viðjar fyrir kné, of a boat, Fms. vii. 216; höggva tré til viðja, K. Þ. K. 88; viðjar af gulli ok silfri, on a dog, Hkr. i. 136, Fas. iii. 45; tún-svín þat er hringr, knappr eða við sé í rana, Grág. ii. 232; stjórn-við, the ‘rudder-withy,’ the strap in which the paddle-like rudder moved, like the ζευκτηρίαι in Act. Apost. xxvii. 40.

2.

pron. pers. dual (= vit), we two (see ek C); this spelling, which is also that of the oldest vellums, answers to the mod. pronunciation, passim: in mod. usage it has quite taken the place of the old plur. vér.

3.

prep., also used ellipt. without its case, or simply as an adverb; við is a curtailed form of viðr, which latter form remains in a few compds, even in mod. usage, thus, viðr-eign, viðr-kenna, viðr-nefni, viðr-lífi, viðr-væri; when found singly, við is the common form in Icel.; but as in MSS. it is commonly abbreviated, v̾, the two forms are hardly distinguishable; við, however, is received as the usual form, viðr being more freq. in Norse vellums, and in some later Icel. vellums imitating the Norse spelling: [Goth. wiþra = πρός; A. S. wider; cp. Scot. wither-shins; O. H. G. widar; Germ. wieder; but Engl. with; Dan. ved; Swed. wäd]:—against, towards, etc.

WITH DAT.

A. Against, denoting a leaning or resting on, striking against, or the like; hann hjó hann upp við garðinum, smote him standing against the wall, Nj. 120; stinga höndum við berginu, Symb. 59; ganga við brekkunni, up-hill, against the hill, cp. Lat. adversus montem, Valla L. 212; skjóta við honum skildinum, Fms. i. 44; ljósta skildi við kesjunni, Eg. 378; hann spyrndi við svá fast … spyrna við grunni, Edda 36; kasta sér niðr við vellinum, Nj. 58; leggja e-n við velli, Boll. 344; slá honum niðr við steininum, dashed his head against the stone, Finnb. 292; hann drap hann við borðinu, Korm. 236; hjó af honum höfuð við stokkinum, Fas. ii. 285; ok lagði (þá) við stokki, Am. 73; hús liggja við velli, lie down in ruins, Fms. iii. 144; er hinn efri kjöptr við himni enn hinn neðri við jörðu, the upper jaw touching the heaven, the lower the earth, Edda 41; skera af sér strenginn við öxinni, rubbing it against the axe, Nj. 136; vóru segl hans at sjá við hafi, the sails were seen out at sea, far in the offing, Fas. ii. 403.

II. against, towards, of direction; gapa við tunglinu, Fas. iii. 622; horfa við e-m, to look towards, face, Eg. 293; horfa baki við e-m, Hkr. iii. 384; líta við e-m, Nj. 132, Fms. i. 125, vii. 314; horfa vid landi, A.A. 24; snúa baki við e-m, Fas. i. 296; snúask við e-m, Hkr. ii. 120.

III. along with, with, denoting company; hann hafði við sér harpara einn, Str. 57; hann hafði marga smiðu við sér, Fms. ix. 377; fór Margaðr ok Guthormr við honum, Hkr. iii. 113; at Ástríðr mundi vera við feðr sínum, i. 188; er hér ok Sigurðr við jarli, Fms. ix. 327; hann var þar upp fæddr við henni, x. 421; bjóðum vér þér við Hákoni þangat, ix. 252; ferr heim við sínum mönnum, Rd. 312; fór hann við liði sínu, Hkr. iii. 44; við hundrað skipum, Fas. i. 461; gengr síðan í sæti sín við oðrum mönnum, Fms. x. 17; bað biskup ríða við sér (= með sér), 6.

2. with, of an instrument; jarl hljóp upp við sverði, Fms. ix. 340; sjau menn við vápnum, viii. 14; gengu tveir menn við merkjum, x. 15: the phrase, eiga, ala, geta barn við kouu, Grág., Fms. i. 113, iii. 110, Ld. 102, Eg. 31; merrin fékk við þeim hesti, Landn. 195.

3. spec. usages; við góðum vinskap, Boll. 362; halda vináttu við föstum trúnaði, Fms. ix. 375; at þær sagnir muni vera við sannindum, true, viii. 6; at berjask við honum eðr við honum lífit láta, ix. 332; fara við herskildi … eyða land við eldi, x. 134; ausa e-t við moldu, Hkr. i. 220; skipuðu mörgum hlutum við (with, among) sínum mönnum, Fms. x. 91; gengu síðan í sæti sín við öðrum mönnum, among other men, 17; skreiðask fram við (= með) landinu, viii. 437.

4. = ok, with, together with; Þórr við Grimni = Th. and G., Hallfred; höfuð við hjarta, head and heart, Kormak.

B. METAPH. USAGES:

I. denoting barter, exchange, against, for (like Gr. ἀντί); gefa gull við grjóti, Fas. iii. 45; selja við verði, Fms. i. 80; seldu mik við hleifi, Hm.; við litlu verði, Eg. 100; við fémútu, Nj. 215; meta e-t við silfri, Fms. x. 5; gefa margra manna líf við yðvarri þrályndi, iv. 194.

2. denoting remedy, against; beiti við bit-sóttum en við bölvi rúnar, Hm. 140; hjálpa e-m við e-u, to help against, passim.

II. against, denoting contest, warding off, withstanding; hafa afla við e-m, Lv. 43; hafa liðs-afla, liðs-kost við e-m, Ld. 372, Hkr. i. 272: ellipt., hafa (viz. afi) við e-m, to be one’s match, Lv. 109; þótti sem engi mundi hafa við þeim í vígi, Nj. 89; eg hefi ekki við þér, I cannot lift with (i. e. am no match for) thee; ábyrgjask e-t við e-u, Grág. ii. 216, 364; forða e-m við háska, Edda i. 116; halda þá við ágangi Hákonar, Fms. i. 224; varðveita e-n við e-u, Grág.; ekki hélzk við þeim, Eg. 125; rísa við e-m, Sturl. ii. 119; vera búinn, van-búinn við e-m, Ld. 324; sat hann þar við áhlaupum Dana, Fms. i. 28; vinna við sköpum, Fas. i. 199; sporna við e-u, göra við e-u, see göra, sporna; ef þat nemr við förinni, Ld. 70 (see nema A.I. 7, 8); mæla við e-u, Hkr. ii. 198; tölðu allir við förinni, Greg. 28; setja hug sinn við e-u, Fms. x. 232; kveða nei við e-u, Sturl. i. 27; drepa hendi við e-u, Hkr. ii. 164; reiðask við e-u, Nj. 182; e-m ríss hugr við e-u, Fas. i. 30; mér býðr við e-u, to loathe; sjá við e-u, to shun; varna við e-u, to beware of; vera hætt við e-u, in danger of, Ísl. ii. 262; ú-hætt við e-u, safe, Landn. 319.

III. with verbs;liggja við e-u, to lie on the verge of; honum lá við falli, Fas. iii. 261; búið við skipbroti, Ísl. ii. 245; honum var við andhlaupi, Eg. 553; sjá, horfa, líta … við e-u, to look towards; taka við e-u, to receive; búask við e-u, to prepare for, expect, Ld. 106; verða vel, ílla, við e-u, to behave well, ill, on some occasion; komask við veðri, see veðr.

IV. ellipt. usages; þeir snerusk þá við, turned round, facing, Nj. 245; hón drap við hendi, Lv. 38; hann laust við atgeirinum, Nj. 84.; hann stakk við forkinum, Eg. 220; hann stakk við fótum, stopped, Finnb. 300; hrífa við, to catch hold, Bs. i. 197, 423, Gísl. 125; búask við, to make oneself ready; göra við, to resist; rísa við, to withstand, Fs.; at ek bjóða við tvenn verð, Ld. 146; hvatz hinn fiðr við, whatsoever he may object, Nj. 99; taka við, to begin where another stops; þú skalt gefa mér við ( in return) verjuna, Fbr.

WITH ACC.

A. By, at, close to:

I. denoting proximity; skjöldr við skjöld, shield to shield, in a row, Nj. 125; skip við skip, Ó. H. (in a verse); samnask hlutr við hlut, Rb. 108; hálsinn við herðarnar, Ld. 40; sníða skeggið við hökuna, Eg. 564; við bryggju-sporðinn, Fms. i. 14; grafa barn við kirkju-garð út, K. Þ. K.; uppi við fjallit, Eg. 137; við Sandhóla-ferju, Nj. 29; við vaðit, 83; við veginn, by the way-side, Fb. ii. 330; hér við ána, by the river, Ld. 46; búa við Þjórsá, Nj. 93; liggja við land, Fms. i. 14; við Ísland, Grág.; binda stein við hálsinn, Ld. 154; draga segl við hún, hoist sail to the top, Hkr. ii. 6; reka spora við eyra e-m, Nj. 82; festa e-n við meið, tré, to fasten to a pole, a tree, Glúm. 391; nísta við gólfit, to pin it to the floor (see nista); binda við fót e-s, to bind up a broken leg, Bárð. 167; dró upp flóka við austr, in the east, Vígl. 22.

2. temporal, towards, at; við vetr sjálfan, Fms. ii. 97; Krók. 51 C; við sólar-setr, Fas. i. 514; við sól, with the sun, at sunrise. Eg. 717; við aptan, towards evening, Grág. (Kb.) ii. 143; við þat sjálft, at that moment, Fms. xi. 432; bregða í kross við hvert orð, at every word, K. Þ. K.; vera við aldr, to be stricken in years, Eb. 18, Ísl. ii. 192, Fms. ii. 81; ef barn er við dauða, on the point to die, N. G. L. i. 345; við sjálft, on the verge of (see sjálfr); við váða sjálfan, búið við geig, on the verge of, Eg. 158; Grettir var við svefn, just asleep, Grett. 127.

3. phrases, við svá búit, after all done, often with the notion of ‘in vain, nothing having been done’ (búa B. II. δ); fóru við þat heim, Fms. i. 54, ix. 469, Nj. 127; skildu við þetta, 260, Ísl. ii. 217.

II. at, to; Hrútr er við skip, Nj. 4; Hrútr var við búð, 79; vera heima við bú sitt, 215; hanga upp við siglu-rá, Fas. iii. 659; bundinn við staf, Eg. 232; fastr við altara, fastened to the altar, Vm. 110; styðja sik vid e-t, to lean on, Fms. ix. 512; sitja upp við hægindit, leaning on it, Ld. 16; sitja upp við vegginn, Nj. 153; ganga við staf, 219; ganga við tréfót, Eb. 66; styðjask við höndina, Fas. i. 228; rísa upp við olboga, Þórð. 15; sitja við stýri, at the rudder, Eg. 385; hafa barn við brjóst, to have a bairn at breast, N. G. L. i. 340; leggja, bæta, auka, við e-t, to add to; blanda við e-t, to mix with; vera við e-t, to be present at, Ld. 92, Eg. 540; sitja við drykk, mat, to sit at drink, meat, Eg. 303, 420.

III. denoting association, together with; vera samþingi, samfjórðungs við e-n, Grág. ii. 237; vera saman við e-n, vera samvista við e-n, eiga samneyti við, vera sammæðr við e-n, passim; vera utan-fjórðungs við víg, Grág. ii. 89; vera við e-t riðinn; þeir vildu eigi vera hér við heiðna menn, Íb. 4; búa við e-n, Gísl. 17.

2. direction; í sýn við bæinn, Fas. ii. 507; í örskots-helgi við garðinn, Grág.; standa í höggfæri við e-n, Nj. 97; við þat lík at lifa, Hm.

IV. denoting company, with; bauð þeim heim við alla sína menn, Vígl. 27; riðu við sextigi manna, Nj. 10, 213, Ld. 164; gékk á land við einn svein, Fms. ix. 502; sækja land við útlendan her, Hkr. i. 198; við fá, marga … menn, Fas. i. 35; the phrase, við annan, þriðja fjórða … mann (see annarr I. 1); þú ert hér kominn við svá mikit fé, Ld. 112; sækja mál við níu búa, Grág.; við váttorð, Kb. i. 103; leyfa e-t við vitni, Ld. 104; bjóða e-t við váttorð, in the presence of, by witnesses, Nj. 243.

B. METAPH. USAGES:

I. towards a person or thing, respecting, regarding; hryðja við aðilja, Grág. (Kb.) i. 127; missa fjár síns við þjóf, Grág.; skilja við e-n, to part with (see skilja); til metnaðar við sik, Edda i. 20; til huggunar við sik, Ld. 228; til þjónustu við e-n, Eg. 28; til gæzlu við e-n, for keeping, watching one, Ld. 152; ganga, koma, fara til fundar, til móts … við e-n, 62, 90, Nj. 4, Eg. 101; mildr, blíðr, léttr, kátr, ástúðigr, góðr, harðr, grimmr, reiðr, harðráðr, stríðr, … við menn, mild … towards, Nj. 2, 47, 48; víkjast undan við e-n, Ld. 42; fyrir kapps sakir við e-n, til liðveizlu, hjálpar … við e-n, Eg. 44, Nj. 75; sýna vinskap, halda vinskap við e-n, Ld. 150; leggja ást við e-n, 34; líka vel, ílla við e-n, Nj. 53; eiga eyrindi við e-n, Eg. 260; eiga orð við e-n, 255; hafa lög við e-n, Nj. 106; tala, mæla, ræða, segja, spjalla við e-n, to talk, speak … with a person, passim; skipta, eiga, … við e-n, to deal… with; berjask, deila við e-n, to fight with, against; göra e-t við e-n, so to act with, Greg. 43; reyna e-t við e-n, to contend with one, Nj. 46, 94, Edda i. 106; hafa misgört við e-n, Fms. viii. 103; láta vaxa óþokka við e-n, Nj. 107; tilför við Gunuar, 101; mála-tilbúnaðr við e-n, 100; sekr við e-n, útlagr við goða, Grág.

2. hræddr við e-n, afraid of one; verða varr við e-t, to perceive; vanr við e-t, used to a thing; hann var svá vanr við vini sína, Fms. viii. 220; fella sik við e-t, kunna við e-t, to apply oneself to, to like.

II. of cause, by, at; falla við högg, to fall by a stroke, Nj. 163; hrata við lagit, Eg. 379; vakna við e-t, Fas. ii. 116; vakna við draum; verða glaðr, reiðr, hryggr, úkátr … við e-t, to become glad, wroth … at, Íb. 10, Eg. 102, 321, passim; bregða sér við e-t, Ld. 190: by, við minn atbeina, Fms. vi. 66; við samþykki e-s, Eg. 165; við ráð e-s, Grág. (Kb.) ii. 30; gört þat við einræði þitt, Ld. 188; et þat at vánum við skaplyndi Þorgeirs, Nj. 255; hlaða seglum við mikinn háska, with great danger, Korm. 168; sigla við stjörnu-ljós, to sail by star-light, Fms. i. 24; lesa við ljós, to read with a light; búa sik við skart, to dress fine.

III. as compared with, set off against; sex sær við kú, Grág. i. 502–504; selja, virðing sína við íllgirni þínaa, Eb. 160; þrjóta mun mik íllsku við þik. Hkr. i. 322; mik skortir við hann, Nj. 90; hafa afta við e-n, Eg. 187; eigi minna virðr enn við konunginn, i. e. of equal worth with the king, Fms. xi. 45; er þetta við mikla fémuni, Hrafn. 19; fjórðungi skerð við goðorð önnur, Grág. (Kb.) i. 211; Skotland er þriðjungr ríkis við England, Nj. 266; þriðjung við liðsmenn, Eg. 57; at þriðjungi við ykkr, Ld. 102; helming við hann, Fms. i. 22; gaf þeim hálfar tekjur við sik, 7.

IV. við þann kost, on that condition, Grág. (Kb.) i. 233: of medicine, for, við svefnleysi, við orms-bit, við offeitan kvið …, Lækn.: in mod. usage dat., and so in Hm. 138.

V. denoting fitness, proportion; göra klæði við vöxt e-s, Eg. 516; við þeirra hæfi, 109; er þat ekki við þitt æði, Ld. 298; vera við alþýðu-skap, Fs. 63; við sik, in proportion, B. K. 8; neyta skógar við sik sem þarf, Grág. ii. 292; þat er hann má eigi sjálfr við sik njóta, himself alone, 623. 21; hann var skapaðr allr við sik, well shaped, symmetrical, Fas. i. 173; fagrt ok allt vel við sik, Fms. x. 321; veðrit vesnaði en nátt-myrkr á við sik. Bjarn. 52; vita hvat við sik væri, to know what was the matter, Fms. xi. 11, Fas. ii. 516; leggja mál við tré, Ld. 316; draga kvarða við lérept, vaðmál, Grág. i. 497, 498.

VI. with, by, denoting means; tendra eld við fjallrapa, to light fire with, Bs. i. 7; við þessar fortölur, Ld. 204; kom svá við umtölur góðra manna, Nj. 267; við áskoran þína, 258; mýkjask við e-t, Fms. v. 239; húð skorpnuð við eld, Nj. 208.

VII. with verbs; lifa við skömm, meizlur, harm, lifa við slíka harma, to live with or in shame, sorrow, Nj. 92, Hkr. ii. 107, Eg. 604, Ld. 332; leika við e-n, Nj. 2; kaupa við e-n, Grág.; binda við e-t, to bind, fasten to; sætta, rægja, friða e-n við e-n, Eg. 226, Grág. ii. 99; tala, … við e-n, to speak, deal … with, Nj. 2, 197, Ld. 22 (see I); hefja upp bónorð við e-n, Eg. 38; leita eptir við e-n, leita ráða við e-n, eiga hlut at við e-n, Nj. 75, 101, 213, Eg. 174; fæða, lifa, fæðask, ala, búa, bjargast, við e-t, to feed, live, subsist … on, Edda i. 46, Fms. i. 226, v. 219, Nj. 236, passim; vera við e-t, to be present at, and metaph. to enjoy, Hom. 87, Edda (pref.); nema lyfsteinn sé við riðinn, Ld. 250; hann brá upp við fætinum (viz. við lagit), Nj. 264; binda við e-t, to bind to, Fms. ix. 358; at þeim heimilum ok í örskotshelgi við (viz. þau) á alla vega, Grág. (Kb.) i. 88; þar við, hér við, at engi mundi þar þora við at etja, Nj. 89.

2. hagr við e-t, skilful at; kunna vel við e-t, id.; skjarr við skot, Ls.; temja, venja, … við e-t; drekka við sleitur (see sleita); kveða við raust, Sturl. iii. 317, Eg. 554; syngja vid tón, Sturl. iii. 210; búa sik við skart, skikkja búin við gull, Fms. x. 199; skyrta saumuð við gull, embroidered with, Fas. ii. 529; glóa við gull, to glow or gleam with gold, Lex. Poët.

VIII. elliptical or ad- verbial usages; bregða við, to start; hann þagði við, remained silent, Nj. 2; verða bilt, felmt við, Ísl. ii. 274, Nj. 105; fá við þrjú skip, to add three ships, Fms. xi. 73; jók nú miklu við, it waxed much, Ld. 54; kveða við, gella við, to scream, yell; þurfa við, to need, Nj. 74; njóta e-s við, to enjoy, 85; komask við, to be touched; leita við, to try; bera við, to happen (see bera); koma við, to touch; standa, bíða við, to stop a bit; nema við, to hinder, cause a hindrance; kunna við, to like; koma e-u við, to bring a thing about, 101; ef ek viðr um kæmumk, if I could manage it, Hbl.; bjarga e-u við, hjálpa við, to help, put right; reisa við, rétta við, to raise up again, put right; kannask við, to recognise; vera við staddr, to be present, = við e-t staddr.

IX. in recipr. phrases, talask við, eigask við, fásk við, etc., to speak … to one another, where the object is suffixed to the preceding verb.

X. with an adverb or particle, of direction; upp á við, niðr á við, upwards, downwards; vestr á við, Fas. ii. 244; móts við, towards; á við, equivalent to (það er á við tvær merkr); austan við, vestan við, sunnan við, fram við, inn við, etc., followed by an accusative.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > VIÐ
62 fesseln

v/t

1. tie up, bind; mit Ketten: put in chains; mit Handschellen: handcuff, manacle; jemanden an Händen und Füßen fesseln tie s.o.’s hands and feet, bind s.o. hand and foot

2. fig.: jemanden an sich fesseln tie s.o. to one

3. fig. (faszinieren) captivate; stärker: enthral(l); (Aufmerksamkeit, Auge etc.) catch; das Buch hat mich gefesselt I found the book quite gripping ( oder enthralling)

* * *

(Handschellen anlegen) to handcuff;

(faszinieren) to attract; to arrest; to fascinate; to enthrall; to spellbind; to catch; to captivate; to rivet; to enthral; to spell;

(festbinden) to chain; to fetter; to shackle; to tie up

* * *
fẹs|seln ['fɛsln]
vt

1) (mit Tau etc) to tie (up), to bind; (HIST mit Handfesseln, Fußschellen) to fetter, to shackle; (mit Handschellen) to handcuff; (mit Ketten) to chain (up)

jdn ( an Händen und Füßen) fesseln — to tie/fetter/chain sb (hand and foot)

jdm die Hände auf dem Rücken fesseln — to tie sb's hands behind his back

der Gefangene wurde gefesselt vorgeführt — the prisoner was brought in handcuffed/in chains

jdn ans Bett fesseln (fig) — to confine sb to (his) bed, to keep sb in bed

jdn ans Haus fesseln (fig) — to tie sb to the house

jdn an jdn/sich fesseln (fig) — to bind sb to sb/oneself

2) (= faszinieren) to grip; Aufmerksamkeit to hold

seine Vorstellung fesselte die Zuschauer — his performance gripped the audience

* * *

1) (to take up the whole attention of (a person): He was completely absorbed in his book.) absorb

2) (something used for tying (especially a person): They released the prisoner from his bonds.) bond

3) (to charm, fascinate, or hold the attention of: He was captivated by her beauty.) captivate

4) (to attract: She was trying to draw my attention to something.) draw

5) (to delight greatly: His stories enthralled the children.) enthral

6) (to fasten with a fetter: She fettered the horse.) fetter

7) (to keep (a person's attention): If you can't hold your pupils' attention, you can't be a good teacher.) hold

8) (to fascinate, arouse the curiosity of or amuse: The book intrigued me.) intrigue

9) (to fix firmly: He stood riveted to the spot with fear; His eyes were riveted on the television.) rivet

10) (to limit someone's freedom etc: Her work tied her down.) tie (someone) down

* * *

fes·seln

[ˈfɛsl̩n]

vt

1. (Fesseln anlegen)

▪ jdn [mit etw dat] \fesseln to bind [or tie [up sep]] sb [with sth]

▪ jdn an etw akk \fesseln to bind [or tie [up sep]] sb to sth, to shackle, to handcuff

er wurde mit gefesselten Händen vorgeführt he was brought in with his hands tied

2. (geh: binden)

▪ jdn an sich akk \fesseln to tie sb to oneself

3. (faszinieren)

▪ etw fesselt jdn [an jdm/etw] sb is captivated [by sb/sth]; (in Bann halten) to captivate

* * *

transitives Verb

1) tie up; (mit Ketten) chain up

jemanden an Händen und Füßen fesseln — tie somebody hand and foot

jemandem die Hände auf den Rücken fesseln — tie somebody's hands behind his/her back

ans Bett/Haus/an den Rollstuhl gefesselt sein — (fig.) be confined to [one's] bed/tied to the house/confined to a wheelchair

2) (faszinieren) < book> grip; <work, person> fascinate; < personality> captivate; < idea> possess

das Buch hat mich so gefesselt — I was so gripped by the book

* * *

fesseln v/t

1. tie up, bind; mit Ketten: put in chains; mit Handschellen: handcuff, manacle;

jemanden an Händen und Füßen fesseln tie sb’s hands and feet, bind sb hand and foot

2. fig:

jemanden an sich fesseln tie sb to one

3. fig (faszinieren) captivate; stärker: enthral(l); (Aufmerksamkeit, Auge etc) catch;

das Buch hat mich gefesselt I found the book quite gripping ( oder enthralling)

* * *

transitives Verb

1) tie up; (mit Ketten) chain up

jemanden an Händen und Füßen fesseln — tie somebody hand and foot

jemandem die Hände auf den Rücken fesseln — tie somebody's hands behind his/her back

ans Bett/Haus/an den Rollstuhl gefesselt sein — (fig.) be confined to [one's] bed/tied to the house/confined to a wheelchair

2) (faszinieren) < book> grip; <work, person> fascinate; < personality> captivate; < idea> possess

das Buch hat mich so gefesselt — I was so gripped by the book

* * *

v.

to absorb v.

to attract v.

to captivate v.

to enchain v.

to fetter v.

to shackle v.

to trammel v.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > fesseln
63 comprometer

v.

1 to jeopardize (poner en peligro) (éxito, posibilidades).

2 to embarrass.

publicaron unas fotos que lo comprometen they published some compromising photos of him

3 to compromise, to endanger, to risk.

Su ímpetu comprometió el proyecto His vigor compromised the project.

4 to appoint, to engage.

El gerente comprometió al personal The manager appointed the staff.

5 to obligate, to pledge, to bind.

* * *

comprometer

► verbo transitivo

1 (exponer a riesgo) to endanger, jeopardize, risk; (a una persona) to compromise

■ el general comprometió a los soldados the general put the soldiers at risk

2 (implicar) to involve, implicate

■ esta carta compromete al alcalde en el asunto this letter implicates the mayor in the affair

3 (obligar) to commit

4 (poner en un aprieto) to embarrass

5 (juzgar un tercero) to submit to arbitration

► verbo pronominal comprometerse

1 (contraer una obligación) to commit oneself, pledge

■ se comprometió a pagar she promised to pay

2 (involucrarse) to get involved

3 (establecer relaciones formales) to get engaged

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

comprometerse a hacer algo to undertake to do something

* * *

verb

1) to compromise

2) commit

3) jeopardize

•

- comprometerse
- comprometerse con
* * *

1. VT

1) (=poner en evidencia) to compromise

aquellas cartas lo comprometían — those letters compromised him

2) (=implicar)

• comprometer a algn en algo — [futuro] to involve sb in sth; [pasado] to implicate sb in sth

3) (=obligar)

comprometer a algn a algo — to commit sb to sth

esta firma no le compromete a nada — this signature does not commit you to anything

4) (=arriesgar) [+ conversaciones, éxito, reputación, paz] to jeopardize

han comprometido la neutralidad del país — they have jeopardized the neutrality of the country

su rebelión comprometió la vida de los rehenes — his rebellion endangered o jeopardized the hostages' lives

5) (=apalabrar) [+ habitación, entrada] to reserve, book

ya he comprometido la casa — I've already promised the house to someone

6) (=invertir) to invest, tie up

ha comprometido todo su capital en esta empresa — he has invested all his capital in this company, all his capital is tied up in this company

7) frm (=afectar)

la bala le comprometió el pulmón — the bullet damaged his lung

la gangrena le ha comprometido la rodilla — the gangrene has spread to o affected his knee

2.

See:

comprometerse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( poner en un apuro) to compromise

b) <vida/libertad> to jeopardize, threaten

2) ( obligar)

comprometer a alguien a algo — to commit somebody to something

esto no te compromete a aceptarlo — this does not commit you to accept
2.
comprometerse v pron

a) ( dar su palabra)

comprometerse a + inf — to promise to + inf

se comprometió a ayudarlo — she promised to help him

me he comprometido para salir esta noche — I've arranged to go out tonight

b) autor/artista to commit oneself politically

c) novios to get engaged

comprometerse con alguien — to get engaged to somebody

* * *

= bind, commit, encumber, compromise, bargain away.

Ex. Rules and conditions concerning book lending are the most important items in a library's statute book, binding the reader by specific obligations in the process of borrowing books.

Ex. But since to have chosen to use the alternative rule would have committed us to extensive and expensive recataloging of LC copy, service considerations gave way to economic considerations.

Ex. If the copy price is entered, the system will encumber the appropriate binding fund.

Ex. This article looks at what security measures can be taken without compromising access to materials.

Ex. Reduced support is a fact of life, and librarians cannot bargain away their budget pressures.

----

* comprometer dinero = commit + money, lien + funds.

* comprometerse = become + engaged, vest, pledge, implicate + Reflexivo.

* comprometerse a = commit + Reflexivo + to, undertake to.

* comprometerse con = marry (to).

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( poner en un apuro) to compromise

b) <vida/libertad> to jeopardize, threaten

2) ( obligar)

comprometer a alguien a algo — to commit somebody to something

esto no te compromete a aceptarlo — this does not commit you to accept
2.
comprometerse v pron

a) ( dar su palabra)

comprometerse a + inf — to promise to + inf

se comprometió a ayudarlo — she promised to help him

me he comprometido para salir esta noche — I've arranged to go out tonight

b) autor/artista to commit oneself politically

c) novios to get engaged

comprometerse con alguien — to get engaged to somebody

* * *

= bind, commit, encumber, compromise, bargain away.

Ex: Rules and conditions concerning book lending are the most important items in a library's statute book, binding the reader by specific obligations in the process of borrowing books.

Ex: But since to have chosen to use the alternative rule would have committed us to extensive and expensive recataloging of LC copy, service considerations gave way to economic considerations.

Ex: If the copy price is entered, the system will encumber the appropriate binding fund.

Ex: This article looks at what security measures can be taken without compromising access to materials.

Ex: Reduced support is a fact of life, and librarians cannot bargain away their budget pressures.

* comprometer dinero = commit + money, lien + funds.

* comprometerse = become + engaged, vest, pledge, implicate + Reflexivo.

* comprometerse a = commit + Reflexivo + to, undertake to.

* comprometerse con = marry (to).

* * *

comprometer [E1 ]

vt

A

1 (poner en un apuro) to compromise

encontraron documentos que lo comprometían they found documents which compromised him

2 ‹vida/libertad› to jeopardize, threaten, endanger

el acuerdo compromete la soberanía de la nación the agreement jeopardizes o endangers o threatens national sovereignty

B (obligar) comprometer a algn A algo to commit sb TO sth

no me compromete a nada it does not commit me to anything

esto no te compromete a aceptarlo this does not commit you to accept o to accepting it, this does not put you under any obligation to accept it

C ‹pulmón/hígado›

la puñalada le comprometió el pulmón the stab wound affected the lung

el cáncer ya le ha comprometido el riñón the cancer has already spread to o reached o affected the kidney

■ comprometerse

v pron

1 (dar su palabra) comprometerse A + INF to promise to + INF

se comprometió a terminarlo para el sábado she promised o ( frml) undertook to finish it by Saturday

me comprometo a cuidarlo como si fuera mío I promise to look after it as if it were my own

ya me he comprometido para salir esta noche I've already arranged to go out tonight

se ha comprometido para empezar en enero he has committed himself to starting in January

2 «autor/artista» to commit oneself politically

3 «novios» to get engaged comprometerse CON algn to get engaged TO sb

* * *

comprometer ( conjugate comprometer) verbo transitivo
a) ( poner en un apuro) to compromise

b) ‹vida/libertad› to jeopardize, threaten

c) ( obligar) comprometer a algn a algo to commit sb to sth;

◊ esto no me compromete a nada this does not commit me to anything

comprometerse verbo pronominal
a) ( dar su palabra) comprometerse a hacer algo to promise to do sth;

◊ me he comprometido para salir esta noche I've arranged to go out tonight

b) [autor/artista] to commit oneself politically

c) [ novios] to get engaged;

comprometerse con algn to get engaged to sb
comprometer verbo transitivo
1 (obligar) to compel, oblige
2 (implicar) to involve, compromise
3 (poner en peligro) to jeopardize: no comprometas tu carrera, don't put your career at risk
' comprometer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
implicar
- vincular
English:
commit
- compromise
- affect

* * *

comprometer

♦ vt

1. [poner en peligro] [éxito, posibilidades] to jeopardize;
[persona, inversión] to compromise;
los documentos comprometen la seguridad del estado the documents jeopardize o endanger state security

2. [avergonzar] to embarrass;

publicaron unas fotos que lo comprometen they published some compromising photos of him

3. [obligar]
comprometer a alguien (a hacer algo) to oblige o compel sb (to do sth);

el acuerdo no nos compromete a nada the agreement doesn't commit us to anything

♦ See also the pronominal verb comprometerse

* * *

comprometer

v/t

1 compromise

2 ( obligar) commit

* * *

comprometer vt

1) : to compromise

2) : to jeopardize

3) : to commit, to put under obligation

♦ See also the reflexive verb comprometerse

Spanish-English dictionary > comprometer
64 obliger

obliger [ɔbliʒe]

➭ TABLE 3 transitive verb

a. ( = forcer) obliger qn à faire qch [règlement, autorités] to require sb to do sth ; [principes, circonstances, agresseur] to oblige sb to do sth

• le règlement vous y oblige you are required to by the regulations

• ses parents l'obligent à travailler dur his parents make him work hard

• rien ne l'oblige à partir he's under no obligation to leave

• je suis obligé de vous laisser I must leave you

• il va accepter ? -- il est bien obligé ! is he going to agree? -- he has no choice!

• crise économique oblige given the constraints of the economic crisis

• prudence oblige, les gens mettent de l'argent de côté people have to be cautious and put money aside

b. ( = rendre service à) (formal) to oblige

• je vous serais très obligé de bien vouloir... I should be greatly obliged if you would kindly...

* * *
ɔbliʒe
1.

verbe transitif

1) ( contraindre)

obliger quelqu'un à — [personne, police] to force somebody to; [autorité, règlement] to make it compulsory for somebody to; [devoir, prudence] to compel somebody to

comme la loi vous y oblige — as required by law

rien ne t'oblige à accepter — you don't have to accept

2) Droit [bail, contrat, accord] to bind [somebody] legally [personne]

le bail m'oblige à réparer les dégâts — the lease makes me legally responsible for repairs

3) ( rendre service à) to oblige

2.

s'obliger verbe pronominal

s'obliger à faire — to force oneself to do

* * *
ɔbliʒe vt
1) (= contraindre)

obliger qn à faire — to force sb to do, to oblige sb to do

2) DROIT (= engager) to bind

3) (= rendre service à) to oblige

* * *

obliger verb table: manger

A vtr

1 ( contraindre) obliger qn à faire gén to make sb do; [personne, police] to force ou compel sb to do; [autorité, règlement] to make it compulsory for sb to do; [devoir, prudence] to compel sb to do; [circonstance, événement] to force sb to do; comme la loi vous y oblige as required by law; rien ne t'oblige à accepter you don't have to accept; ‘tu vas l'aider?’-‘bien obligé’ ‘are you going to help him?’-‘I've got no choice ou alternative’;

2 Jur [bail, contrat, accord] to bind [sb] legally [personne] (à faire to do); un contrat oblige toutes les parties signataires a contract is binding on all parties; être obligé de faire to be bound to do; le bail m'oblige à réparer les dégâts the lease makes me legally responsible for repairs;

3 ( rendre service à) to oblige (en faisant by doing); vous m'obligez beaucoup I am much obliged to you; je vous serais (très) obligé de bien vouloir faire I should GB ou would be very much obliged if you would be so kind as to do.

B s'obliger vpr

1 ( se contraindre) s'obliger à faire to force oneself to do, to make oneself do;

2 ( s'aider) to help one another; c'est naturel de s'obliger entre amis it's only natural for friends to help one another.

Idiome

tradition oblige! tradition demands it!

[ɔbliʒe] verbe transitif

1. [mettre dans la nécessité de] to oblige, to force

obliger quelqu'un à faire quelque chose to force somebody to do something

ne m'oblige pas à te punir don't force me to ou don't make me punish you

cela m'oblige à changer de train it means I have to change trains

être obligé de faire quelque chose to be forced to do something, to have to do something

je suis bien obligé de suivre I have no option ou choice but to follow

se croire obligé de to feel obliged to

ne te crois pas obligé de tout boire! (ironique) you don't have to drink it all!

(en usage absolu)

irez-vous? — bien obligé! are you going? — I don't have any choice, do I?

j'ai mis une cravate, réunion oblige I had to wear a tie, what with the meeting and all

2. [contraindre moralement ou juridiquement]

la loi oblige les candidats à se soumettre à un test applicants are legally required to take a test

votre signature vous oblige your signature is legally binding

3. (soutenu) [faire plaisir à] to oblige

vous m'obligeriez en venant ou si vous veniez you would oblige me by coming, I would be obliged if you came

nous vous sommes très obligés de votre soutien we are very grateful to you for your support

————————

s'obliger à verbe pronominal plus préposition

1. [se forcer à] to force oneself to

elle s'oblige à marcher un peu ou à un peu de marche chaque jour she forces herself to ou she makes herself walk a little every day

2. [s'engager à] to commit oneself to

par ce contrat, je m'oblige à évacuer les lieux avant le 21 in this contract I commit myself to leaving ou I undertake to leave the premises by the 21st

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > obliger
65 HALDA

give

* * *

(held; hélt, héldum; haldinn), v.

I. with dat.

1) to hold fast (Gunnarr var kyrr svá at honum hélt einn maðr);

to keep back, restrain (Hrafn fekk eigi haldit henni heima);

2) to withhold (héldu bœndrgjaldinu);

3) to keep, retain (þú skalt jafhan þessu sæti halda);

to preserve (halda virðingu sinni, lífi ok limum);

halda vöku sinni, to keep oneself awake;

4) to hold, keep one’s stock;

also ellipt. (vetr var illr ok héldu menn illa);

5) phrases, halda njósnum, to keep watch, to spy (= halda njósnum til um e-t);

halda (hendi) fyrir auga, to hold (the hand) before the eyes, shade the eyes;

halda hendi yfir e-m, to protect one;

6) to hold, stand, steer, ellipt., þeir héldu aptr (held back again) um haustit;

þeir héldu út eptir fírði, they stood out the firth;

halda heim, to steer homewards;

7) to graze, put in the field (halda fé til haga);

8) impers. to continue, last (hélt því lengi um vetrinn);

II. with acc.

1) to hold in possession, a fief, land, estate (þeir héldu alla hina beztu staði með sjónum);

2) to hold, keep, observe, a feast, holiday (í hvers minning heldr þú þenna. dag?);

3) to keep (halda orð sín, eið, sættir, frið);

to observe (halda guðs lög ok landsins);

4) to uphold, maintain, support (halda vini sína, halda e-n til ríkis);

5) halda sik, to comport oneself (kunna halda sik með hófi);

halda sik ríkmannliga, to fare sumptuously;

halda sik aptr af e-u, to abstain from;

6) to hold, consider, deem (hón hélt engan hans jafningja);

7) to hold, keep up;

halda varnir, to keep up a defence;

halda vörð, to keep watch;

8) to hold, compel, bind (heldr mik þá ekki til útanferðar);

þó heldr þik várkunn til at leita á, thou hast some excuse for trying;

III. with preps.:

halda á e-u, to hold, wield in the hand (halda á sverði);

to hold to a thing, go on with it, be busy about (halda á drykkju, á ferð sinni, á sýslu);

halda e-t af e-m, to hold (land, office) from or of one (þeir er höfðu haldið land af Danakonungi);

halda mikit af e-m, to make much of one;

halda eptir e-m, to pursue one;

halda e-u eptir, to keep back;

halda sik frá e-u, to keep oneself back from, refrain from;

halda e-u fram, to uphold, support;

halda e-u fyrir e-u, to withhold from one;

to protect against (héldu engar grindr fénu fyrir birninum);

halda e-n fyrir e-t, to hold, consider one to be so and so (síðan hélt konungr Erling fyrir tryggvan vin);

halda í e-t, to hold fast, grasp (þú skalt halda í hurðarhringinn);

halda til e-s, to be the cause of, be conducive to;

heldr þar margt til þess, there are many reasons for this;

hélt til þess (conduced to it) góðgirni hans;

halda til e-s, to be bent on, fond of (halda mjök til skarts, til gleði);

halda til jafns við e-n, to bear up against one, to be a match for one;

halda um e-t, to grasp with the hand (= halda hendi um e-t);

halda barni undir skírn, to hold at baptism;

halda e-u upp, to hold aloft, lift (halda upp höndum);

halda upp árum, to hold up the oars, cease pulling;

to uphold, maintain, support (halda upp hofum, kristninni);

to keep going (halda upp bardaga);

to discharge (halda upp kostnaði, bótum);

halda upp bœnum fyrir e-m, to pray for one;

halda e-u við, to maintain a thing;

halda við e-m, to stand against (hvar sem harm kom fram, hélt ekki við honum);

impers. to be on the point of;

hélt þá við atgöngu (acc.), they were near coming to fight;

heldr nú við hót, it is little short of threats;

IV. refl., haldast.

* * *

pret. hélt (= Goth. haihald), 2nd pérs. hélt, mod. hélzt, pl. héldum; pres. held, pl. höldum; pret. subj. héldi; part. haldinn; imperat. hald and haltú: [Ulf. haldan = βόσκειν, ποιμαίνειν, whereas he renders to keep, hold by other words; Hel. haldan = alere, fovere, colere, which thus seems to be the primitive sense of the word, and to be akin to Lat. cŏlo; again, A. S. healdan, Engl. hold, O. H. G. haltan, Germ. halten, Swed. hålla, halda, Dan. holde, are all of them used in a more general sense]:—to hold.

A. WITH DAT. to hold to:

I. to hold fast by; with the notion of restraint or force, tók Gizurr förunaut Ögmundar ok hélt honum, Sturl. i. 150; Gunnarr var kyrr svá at honum hélt einn maðr, Nj. 92; ef maðr heldr manni …, varðar fjörbaugs-garð, Grág. ii. 110; h. e-m undir drep, 17; h. skipum ( to grapple the ships) með stafnljám, Fms. ii. 315: to keep back, Hrafn fékk eigi haldit henni heima þar, Ísl. ii. 249; ok halda þeim veðr í enni sömu höfn, Grág. i. 92; h. (sér) í e-t, to hold oneself fast by, grasp, þú skalt h. í hurðar-hringinn, Dropl. 29; heldr sér í faxit, Sd. 177.

β. so in the phrases, halda barni (manni) undir skírn, vatn, primsignan, biskups hönd, eccl. to hold a bairn ( man) at baptism, prima signatio, confirmation, Grág. i. 29; h. vatni (tárum), to hold one’s tears, 623. 56, Fms. viii. 232, vi. (in a verse); halda munni, to hold one’s tongue, be silent, vii. 227; halda tungu sinni, Þórð.

2. to withhold; þá megu þeir h. tíundum hans í móti, K. Þ. K. 62; h. vætti, Grág. i. 42; h. gögnum, 56; ef goði heldr tylftar-kvið, er hann heldr kviðnum, 58; halda matinum fyrir honum, 47; h. sköttum fyrir e-m, Nj. 8; h. skógar-manni fyrir e-m, Finnb. 334; um þat er hann hefir konunni haldit, Grág. i. 313; héldu bændr gjaldinu, Fms. vii. 302; hélt ek því (i. e. the money) fyrir honum, i. e. paid it not, Ísl. ii. 244.

II. to hold, of a rope or the like; sá maðr hugði h. mundu er festi, … ok h. mundu í slíku veðri, Grág. ii. 361; reip þau tíu er tveggja manna afli haldi hvert, id.; skal hann svá göra at haldi fyrir fyrnsku, 268.

β. to hold, hold out, last; optast halda þar íllviðri litla hríð, Sks. 212; sunnudags-helgi ríss upp á laugardegi, ok heldr ( lasts) til mánadags, N. G. L. i. 138.

III. to keep, retain, Germ. behalten; fá-ein skip héldu seglum sinum, Fms. x. 143; þú skalt jafnan þessu sæti h., Nj. 6; h. bústað sínum, Ld. 26; h. ríki sínu, Al. 58, Fms. i. 13; h. öllum Noregi, viii. 155; h. frelsi ok eignum, vi. 40; h. hlut sínum, to uphold one’s right, Eg. passim; halt sömum vinum sem ek hefi haft, Fas. i. 375; h. hreinleik sínum, Al. 58.

β. to hold, keep safe, preserve; h. hlut sínum, Ld. 54; h. heilsu, Grág. i. 145; h. virðingu sinni, Ld. 16; þá heldr hann kosti sínum, Grág. ii. 209; h. tíma ( honour) sínum, Al. 59; h. lífi ok limum, Eg. 89; h. lífinu, Nj. 111; h. trúnaði sínum, 109; vináttu sinni, Ld. 200; einorð sinni, Fb. ii. 265; h. sér réttum, to keep oneself right, Ld. 158; h. e-m heilum, Odd. 30; h. ríki fyrir e-m, Fms. v. 279; h. manna-forræði fyrir e-m, Hrafn. 19; h. réttu máli fyrir e-m, Fms. vii. 64.

2. to continue to keep, keep all along; h. teknum hætti, Fms. iv. 254; h. vöku, to keep oneself awake, Ld. 152; but h. vöku fyrir e-m, to keep another awake; halda sýslu sinni, Fs. 36; h. högum, to keep grazing, Eb. 104, Ld. 148.

3. to hold, keep one’s stock; ellipt., vetr var íllr ok héldu menn ílla, the winter was cold and it was ill to keep live stock, Sturl. ii. 143, (cp. fjár-höld); hann hélt vel svá at nær lifði hvat-vetna, Hrafn. 22: metaph., ílla hefir þinn faðir þá haldit, Fms. xi. 144; öld hefir ílla haldit, the people have had a sad loss, vi. (in a verse); h. fangi, and also ellipt. halda, of sheep and cattle, opp. to ‘to go back.’

4. phrases, halda njósnum, to keep watch, to spy, Fms. viii. 146, Nj. 113; hann hélt njósnum til Önundar, Landn. 287; hélt konungr njósnum til, ef …, Fms. vii. 128; hann skyldi h. njósnum til ok gera orð konungi, i. 54; h. njósnum til um e-t, iv. 119, Nj. 93; halda njósn (sing.) um skip þat, Eg. 74; þér haldit njósnum nær færi gefr á Arnkatli, Eb. 186; hann lét h. njósnum uppi á landi, Fms. vii. 316; hann hélt fréttum til, ef …, iv. 349.

β. halda (hendi) fyrir auga, to hold ( the hand) before the eyes, shade the eyes, Nj. 132, Fms. v. 196; h. fyrir munn e-m, to hold ( the hand) over one’s mouth; h. hendi yfir e-m, to hold the hand over one, protect one, Nj. 266, Fbr. 22, Korm.; h. hendi um háls e-m, to clasp the hands around one’s neck, Fms. i. 9; h. skildi fyrir e-n, to hold the shield for one as a second in a duel, Ísl. ii. 257, passim; h. e-m til náms, to hold one to the book, make one study, K. Þ. K. 56; h. e-m til virðingar, Ld. 98.

IV. ellipt. (liði, skipi, för, stefnu, etc. understood), to hold, stand in a certain direction, esp. as a naut. term; þeir héldu aptr ( stood back again) um haustið, Eg. 69; treystisk hann eigi á haf at halda, Eb. 6; héldu þeir vestr um haf, id.; stigu þeir á skip sín, ok héldu út ( stood out) eptir firði, Fms. i. 63; þeir héldu þat sama sumar til Íslands, Ld. 6; hann hélt upp eptir hinni eystri kvísl, Fms. vii. 55; h. heim, to hold one’s course, stand homewards, Odd. 30; h. á braut, Grág. i. 92; Hrútr hélt suðr til Eyrar-sunds, Nj. 8; h. eptir e-m, to pursue one, 7; h. undan, to fly, Fms. x. 396, Nj. 98 (on land); kom móti þeim sunnan-veðr með myrkri, ok urðu þeir fyrir at h., to lay one’s course for the wind, A. A. 271; h. útleið, to stand on the outer tack, Eg. 78; h. til, to turn against, attack (on sea), Fms. xi. 72; hélt hann liði sínu suðr á Mæri, i. 62; þeir héldu liði sínu norðr til Þrándheims, id.; Haraldr konungr hélt norðan liði sínu, Eg. 32; héldu þeir skipi því suðr með landi, 69; skipi því lét hann halda vestr til Englands, id.; Unnr hélt skipinu í Orkneyjar, eptir þat hélt Unnr skipi sínu til Færeyja, Ld. 8.

β. to graze, put in the field, of sheep, cattle; þykkir mér þat miklu skipta at þeim sé vel til haga haldit, Eg. 714; hvert Steinarr hafði látið nautum sínum halda, 715; ok bað hann h. nautunum annan veg, 716.

γ. phrases, halda kyrru fyrir, to hold still, remain quiet, Ld. 216, Þórð. 30 new Ed., Nj. 223, 258; Hallr heldr nú til fangs ( went fishing) sem áðr, Ld. 38.

V. with prep.; halda á e-u, to hold, wield in the hand, freq. in mod. usage, h. á bók, penna, fjöðr, hníf, skærum, nál, etc.; hafði hverr þat er hélt á, Nj. 279; h. á sverði, Fb. i. 33; hann tók við öxinni ok hélt (viz. á), ok sá á, Eg. 180: to hold fast, heldr nú maðr á manni, Fas. i. 12; eigi máttu helvítis byrgi h. á honum, 656 C. 6; ef hann heldr á fénu ( withholds it), Grág. i. 427.

β. [Germ. anhalten], to hold to a thing, go on with, be busy about; h. á sýslu, to be busy, Rm. 14; h. á keri, qs. halda á drykkju, to go on drinking, carousing, Hm. 18: h. á hinni sömu bæn, Stj. 417; h. á fyrirsátrum við e-n, Þórð. 51 new Ed.; h. á búnaði sínum, Ld. 164; hélt hann þá á búnaði sínum sem skjótligast, Fms. ix. 215, x. 119, Sturl. ii. 245; þogar á bak Jólum hélt Ólafr konungr á búningi, Fms. v. 41; hann heldr nú á málinu, Nj. 259; nú heldr Þórðr á málinu ok verðr Oddný honum gipt, Bjarn. 11, Konr. (Fr.); h. á tilkalli, Fms. i. 84; h. á þessum sið, xi. 41; h. á för, to go on with one’s journey, Sighvat; gengu síðan brott ok héldu á ferð sinni, and went on their journey, Sturl.;—whence the mod. phrase, halda áfram, to go on, which seems not to occur in old writers.

2. halda e-u fram, to hold up, make much of; bróðir minn mun mér mjök hafa fram haldit fyrir ástar sakir, Nj. 3.

β. to hold on doing, (hence fram-hald, continuation); halda fram upp-teknu efni, Fms. i. 263; slíku hélt hann fram meðan hann lifði, iv. 254; hélt hann (fram) teknum hætti um veizlurnar, id., Grett. 14.

3. halda saman, to hold together, Eluc. 6, Fms. vii. 140, Rb. 340.

4. halda e-u upp, to hold aloft, Yngvarr hélt upp vísu þeirri, Eg. 152; steinninn heldr upp annarr öðrum, Rb. 390; h. upp árum, to hold up the oars, cease pulling, Fas. ii. 517, N. G. L. i. 65.

β. to uphold, maintain, support; halda upp hofi, Landn. 64, Eb. 24; h. upp hofum ok efla blót, Fms. i. 91; h. upp kirkju, K. Þ. K. 52; h. upp Kristninni, Fms. i. 32: to keep going, h. upp bardaga, orrostu, xi. 66, 188, 340.

γ. to discharge; h. upp féráns-dómi, Grág. i. 120; h. upp lögskilum, 145; h. upp svörum, Ó. H. 174; h. upp kostnaði, Eg. 77; h. upp gjaldi, Grág. i. 384; gjöldum, Fms. i. 81; h. upp bót, Grág. ii. 182; bótum, Eb. 100, 162, N. G. L. i. 311; ef hann heldr upp yfirbót ( penance) þeirri, Hom. 70; h. upp bænum fyrir e-m, to pray for one, Fms. xi. 271; hélt hann því vel upp sem vera átti, discharged it well, x. 93.

δ. halda sér vel upp, to hold oneself well up, Sturl.

ε. metaph., skal-at hann lögvillr verða, svá at honum haldi þat uppi (i. e. went unpunished), Grág. i. 316; ok heldr honum þat uppi ( that will save him), ef hann er rétt-hafi at orðinn, ii. 242.

5. halda e-u við, to maintain a thing, Hkr. i. 195.

VI. impers.,

1. to continue, last; hélt því nokkura stund dags, Fms. x. 125: hélt því lengi um vetrinn, Ld. 288; regni hélt haustnótt gegnum, Fms. vi. 83.

2. with prep. við, to be on the brink of; hélt þá við atgöngu, they were within a hair’s breadth of coming to fight, Hkr. i. 143; hélt þá við vandræði, Fms. ix. 434; heldr við bardaga, vi. 8; heldr nú við hót, it is little short of a threat, i. 305; hélt við blót, x. 106; ok hélt við flótta, i. 174; hélt við meiðingar, Nj. 21, Sd. 143; henni hélt við, at hón mundi drepa hana, Nj. 118; þeim hélt við váða sjálfan, Ó. H. 168; konungi hélt við, hvárt hann mundi standask eðr eigi, Mag. 100; honum hélt við kafnan, Bs. i. 18; hélt þó við at þeir mundi berjask, Fs. 53.

B. WITH ACC. to hold:

I. to hold in possession, a fief, land, estate, office, or the like; þeir héldu alla hina beztu staði með sjónum, Fms. xi. 131; þeir er áðr höfðu haldit land af Dana-konungi, i. 232; Eirekr skyldi h. land af Aðalsteini konungi, 23; Vemundr hélt Firða-fylki, Eg. 12; hélt hann þat ríki undir Knút konungi, Ísl. ii. 242; í þeirri borg héldu þeir langfeðgar fimmtán konungdóma, Ver. 37; h. land sem leigu-land, Grág. ii. 278; konungrinn heldr af Guði nafnit, Sks. 599 B; prestar er kirkjur halda, H. E. i. 486; sá prestr er heldr Pétrs-kirkju, N. G. L. i. 312; presta þeirra er kirkju halda, 346; skal sá maðr ráða er kirkju heldr, K. Þ. K. 60; Ólafs kirkju þá er Væringjar halda (the parish church of W.), Hkr. iii. 408.

2. halda ábyrgju, ábyrgð á e-n, to have the responsibility of a thing, Grág. ii. 399, K. Þ. K. 66; h. grip, to be in the possession of, Grág. i. 438, ii. 190; h. skóla, to keep a school, Mar.; h. fylgð, to perform, Fms. ix. 279; eiga vandræði at h., to be in a strait, difficulty, Eb. 108.

II. to hold, keep, observe, a feast, holiday, or the like; halda kirkju-dag, K. Þ. K. 42; í hvers minning heldr þú þenna dag? Nj. 157; h. helgan þvátt-dag hvern, Pr. 437; h. helga daga, Sl.; h. Jóla-dag, Páska, Hvíta-sunnu, Rb. 134; minnstú að h. helgan hvíldar-daginn Drottins Guðs þíns (the Fourth Commandment in the Icel. version); h. heilagt, to keep holiday, Dipl. ii. 14; í dag þá hátíð höldum vér til himna sté vor Herra, Hólabók 54; er Júdar héldu hátíðligt, Stj. 110; (hence forn-haldinn, time-honoured): of the day-marks (vide dagr, p. 95), er þaðan haldinn miðr-morgin, Hrafn. 9.

2. to keep; halda orð sín, to keep one’s word, Fms. x. 95; höldum öll einka-mál vár, vii. 305; h. sættir, Nj. 57; gerðú svá vel, félagi, at þú halt vel sætt þessa, 111, Sturl. iii. 153, Fs. 65, Gullþ. 20; hann kvaðsk vilja hafa svardaga af þeim ok festu, at halda, Nj. 164; h. eið, Sturl. iii. 153; h. frið, to keep peace, Greg. 7; ef þú vilt nokkura hluti eigi h. þá er ek hefi á lagt við þik, Eg. 738: to observe faith, law, rite, etc., halda átrúnað, Fms. i. 34, x. 277; h. Guðs lög ok landsins, vii. 305; h. lands lög, viii. 155; h. ein lög, 625. 52; hafa ok halda þau lög, Fms. i. 34; h. Kristilega trú, K. Á. 74; h. mál (orð) e-s, Greg. 17; h. alla hluti með athugasamlegu minni, Sks. 439.

3. to keep, tend; halda geitr, Hkv. 2. 20 (exactly as in Gothic).

III. to uphold, maintain, support; þykkir mér þér sé nú ísjár-vert, hvárt þú munt fá haldit þik eðr eigi, Nj. 155; munu vér þó ekki einhlitir at h. oss eptir þessi verk, Háv. 50; at hón mætti með valdi h. sik ok menn sína, Fas. i. 375; þat væri nokkurr várkunn, at þú héldir frænda þinn eðr fóstbróður, en þetta er alls engi (at) halda útlaga konungs, Ó. H. 145; enda ætla ek lítinn viljann til at h. vini þína, Fms. vii. 244; því at Eysteinn konungr kenndi Inga konungi, at hann héldi þá menn, 248; ef þú heldr hann ( upholdest him) til þess at ganga á vini mína, Eg. 339; viljum vér allir fylgja þér ok þik til konungs halda, Fms. i. 34; Stephanus skyldi h. hann til laga ok réttinda, Sks. 653; h. e-n til ríkis, Fb. i. 236; vinsæld föður hans hélt hann mest til alþýðu vináttu, Fms. vii. 175; þeir sem upp h. ( sustain) þenna líkama, Anecd. 4.

β. phrases, halda e-m kost, borð, to keep at board, entertain, Fms. ix. 220, x. 105, 146, Nj. 6; or, halda e-n at klæðum ok drykk, Ó. H. 69; h. stríð, bellum gerere (not class.), Fms. x. 51; h. úfrið, Fas. ii. 539.

2. halda sik, to comfort oneself, Sks. 281, Hom. 29; kunna sik með hófi at h., Sturl. iii. 108; h. sik ríkmannliga, to fare sumptuously, Ld. 234; hann hélt betr húskarla sína en aðrir, Fms. vii. 242; h. mjök til skarts, to dress fine, Ld. 196; þar var Hrefna ok hélt allmjök til skarts, id.; hann var hægr hvers-dagliga, ok hélt mjök til gleði, Sturl. iii. 123; hélt hann hér mjök til vinsælda ok virðinga, he enjoyed much popularity and fame, Ld. 298.

β. ellipt. (sik understood), at h. til jafns við e-n, to bear up against one, to be a match for one, Ld. 40; ef þér hefir eigi til þess hug eðr afl at h. til jafns við e-n húskarl Þorsteins, Eg. 714; h. til fullnaðar, to stand on one’s full rights; ef þær taka eigi fullrétti, eðr h. eigi til fullnaðar, Grág. ii. 109; h. fullara, to hold one above other men, Ó. H. (in a verse); lét konungr þá h. mjök til ( make great preparations) at syngja messu hátíðliga, Hkr. i. 287.

3. to hold forth, put forward; at þeim inyiidi þungbýlt vera í nánd honum, ef þeir héldi nokkurn annan fyrir betra mann en hann, Ld. 26; síðan hélt konungr Erling fyrir tryggvan mann, Fms. ix. 399.

β. to hold, deem, be of opinion; the old writers seem not to use the word exactly in this sense, but near to it come such phrases as, hón hélt engan hans jafningja innan hirðar hvárki í orðum né öðrum hlutum, i. e. she held him to be above all men, Ld. 60; halda menn hann fyrir konung, Fb. i. 216; still closer, halda menn at Oddný sé nú betr gipt, Bjarn. 12 (but only preserved in a paper MS.): this sense is very freq. in mod. usage, to hold, mean, eg held það; eg held ekki, I think not; (hence hald, opinion.)

γ. phrases, halda mikit upp á e-n, to hold one in much esteem, love, Stj. 33; halda af e-m, id., Fas. i. 458, ii. 63, 200, iii. 520, esp. freq. in mod. usage, (upp-á-hald, af-hald, esteem.)

4. to hold on, keep up; halda varnir, to keep up a defence, Sks. 583; halda vörð, to keep watch, Eg. 120, Grág. i. 32, 264; halda njósn, Eg. 72, 74, Fms. xi. 46; halda tal af e-m, to speak, communicate with one, ii. 88.

5. to hold, be valid, be in force, a law term; á sú sekt öll at halda, Grág. i. 89; á þat at h. allt er þeir urðu á sáttir, 86; enda á þat at h. með þeim síðan, ii. 336.

IV. to hold, compel, bind (with the notion of obligation or duty); heldr mik þá ekki til utan-ferðar, Nj. 112; þó heldr þik várkunn til at leita á, i. e. thou art excused, thou hast some excuse in trying, 21; var auðsætt hvat til hélt um sættir, Bjarn. 70; þik heldr eigi hér svá mart, at þú megir eigi vel bægja héraðs-vist þinni, Eb. 252; þar mælir þú þar, er þik heldr várkunn til at mæla, Nj. 227; ek mun vera vinr hans, ok alla þá, er at mínum orðum láta, halda til vináttu við hann, i. e. I will be his friend, and all those who lend ear to my words I will hold to friendship with him, Eg. 18.

2. halda sik frá e-u, to keep oneself from, to refrain from a thing, Sks. 276 B; h. sik frá munaðlífi, Post. 656 A. ii. 16, Hom. 53, 135; h. sik aptr af e-u, to abstain from, Hkr. i. 512.

V. absol. to be the cause of, be conducive to a thing; heldr þar margt til þess, there are many reasons for this, Nj. 192; vildim vér vita hvat til heldr, Fms. vii. 106; en hann vissi eigi hvat til hafði haldit, er hann kom eigi, xi. 11; margir hlutir héldu til þess, Eg. 38; þat hélt til þess, at …, Al. 94; hélt til þess ( conduced to it) góðgirnd hans, stórmennska ok vitsmunir, Fs. 29; hefir þat mjök til haldit, er ek hefi svá lengi dvalizt, at ek ætlaða, Ld. 32; hann lét bæði til h. vingan ok mágsemd, Fs. 24; heldr þat mest til at þá var komit útfall sjávar, Ld. 56; hélt þat mest til þess, at hann gafsk bezt í öllum mannraunum, 60; þat eitt hélt til, at þeir fóru eigi málum á hendr Þórði, at þeir höfðu eigi styrk til, 138.

VI. to hold, comprise; sólar-öld heldr tuttugu ok átta ár, Rb. 510; h. skor (of weight), Grág. i. 500.

☞ In some instances the use of dat. and acc. wavers, e. g. halda húsum, to keep up the houses, Grág. ii. 278, 335; h. hliði, to keep the gate in repair, 265; but halda hlið (acc.), 332: to keep, observe, h. lögum, griðum, boðorðum, Glúm. 333, Grág. i. 357, ii. 166, 623. 28; hélt hann þessu sumu, Fms. x. 416 (Ágrip); halda ílla orðum, vii. (in a verse); þeir er því þingi áttu at h., Glúm. 386; h. sáttum, St. 17; h. eiðum, Bkv. 18; Gizuri þótti biskup h. ríkt ( protect strongly) brennu-mönnum, Sturl. i. 201 C; Guð er sínum skepnum heldr (keeps, protects) ok geymir, Mar.; þá hélt engi kirkju mönnum, … kept no man safe, Fms. ix. 508; h. njósn (acc.) um e-t, Eg. 74; h. til njósn, 72; njósnir, Fms. xi. 46. In most of these instances the acc. is the correct case, and the dat. is due either to careless transcribers or incorrect speaking: in some instances an enclitic um has been taken for a dative inflexion, thus e. g. sáttum haldi in Stor. l. c. is to be restored to sátt um haldi; eiðum haldit in Bkv. l. c. to eið (for eiða) um haldit; in others the prep. um has caused the confusion, as ‘halda njósn um at’ has been changed into halda njósnum at. But in the main the distinction between the use of dat. and acc. is fixed even at the present time: the acc. seems to represent the more primitive usage of this verb, the dat. the secondary.

C. REFLEX.:

I. to hold oneself, to stay; héldusk þeir þá ekki fyrir norðan Stað, Fms. i. 63; mátti hann eigi þar haldask, Landn. 246; h. á baki, to keep oneself on horseback, keep one’s seat, Grág. ii. 95; munu þeir skamma stund hér við haldask, Nj. 247: to be kept, remain, þá skal hann h. með Helju, Edda 39: to resist, megu vér ekki við h. fyrir ofreflis-mönnum þessum, Nj. 254; hélzk þá ekki við honum, Eg. 289; mann er svá hefir haldisk við höfuð-syndum, Hom. 157.

β. to hold out, last, continue; ok hélzk ferillinn, Eg. 579; hélzk undr þetta allt til dags, Nj. 272 (twice); hélzk konungdómr í kyni hans, Rb. 394; lengi síðan hélzk bruna-öld með Svíum, Yngl. S.; lengi hélzk þat í ætt þeirri, at …, Eg. 770; hélzk vinátta með þeim, Nj. 66; þat hefir enn haldizk í ætt hans, Fms. iv. 8; ok hefir þat haldizk ( it has continued to be so) síðan er ek hefi hann séð, Ld. 174; honum haldisk (imperat.) sigr ok langt líf, Ver. 57; betr þætti mér, at hún héldisk þér, that it (the luck) would hold out for thee, Fb. ii. 74; ef hann helzk í útrú sinni, if he perseveres in his untruth, 623. 26.

γ. to be kept safe and sound; menn allir héldusk ( all bands were saved) ok svá fé, Ld. 8, Fs. 143; þar héldusk menn allir ok mestr hluti fjár, Eg. 405; hafði fé vel haldizk, has been well kept, done well, Ld. 34.

δ. to be valid, stand; eigu þau handsöl hennar at haldask, Grág. i. 334; engi má haldask dómr hans, Edda 15; skyldu þau (the truce) haldask um þingit, Nj. 348.

2. impers., mér helzk, e-m helzk vel, ílla, á e-u, to have a good hold, have luck with a thing; mér helzk lítt á sauða-mönnum, Grett. 110 A.

3. recipr., haldask á, to hold or pull one against another, wrestle, (hence á-höld); var sagt Magnúsi, at þeir héldisk á úti, that they were fighting outside, Sturl. ii. 44.

II. part. pass. haldinn, [Dan. holden], so ‘holden,’ in such and such a state; vel haldinn, in good condition, faring well, well to do, Eg. 20, 234; hugðusk þar ok haldnir ( safe) mundu vera, Ver. 34; þungliga h., very sick, Eg. 565, Hkr. ii. 199; vel haldinn, doing well; tak heldr annat fé, svá mikit, at þú þykisk vel haldinn af, i. e. fully satisfied, having got full redress, Boll. 350; Sveinn sagði, at hann vill hafa tvá hluti fjárins, Hrani sagðisk ekki af því haldinn ( satisfied) vera, Fms. iv. 31: in the phrase, heilu ok höldnu, safe and sound, Bs. i. 191, Fms. xi. 376, Hkr. i. 319; með höldnu hljóði, preserving the sound, Skálda 175.

2. ok mun þykkja sér misboðit ef þú ert haldinn (kept, protected), Finnb. 344.

β. kept, observed, Fms. xi. 99.

γ. held in custody, in prison, Bs. i. 419, Sturl. i. 151.

III. gerund., haldandi, holding good, valid; sá dómr er eigi haldandi, is not valid, K. Á. 304; af öllu afli er friðr haldandi, Hom. 5.

2. part. act., með upp haldandi höndum, with uplifted hands, Bs. i. 684.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HALDA
66 καταδέω

καταδέω (A), [tense] fut. - δήσω,

A bind on or to, bind fast, πρυμνήσια, ἱστόν, Il.1.436 (tm.), Od.2.425 (tm.); ἵππους μὲν κατέδησαν.. ἱμᾶσι φάτνῃ ἐφ' ἱππείῃ Il.10.567
; ἐπ' ἀμβροσίῃσι κάπῃσιν 8.434
; ἐμὲ μὲν κατέδησαν.. ἐνὶ νηΐ Od.14.345
; κ. λάρνακας Hdt.3.123
:—[voice] Pass., καταδεδεμένος τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς Hdt.2.122
; ἐν φόβῳ καταδεθεῖσα E. Ion 1498
(lyr.) (so μανίη καταδεῖ τινα Hermesian.7.85
); καταδεῖται ψυχὴ ὑπὸ σώματος Pl. Phd. 83d
; γλῶττα -δεδεμένη Arist.HA 492b32
:—[voice] Med., bind to oneself, ἀγχόνιον βρόχον κατεδήσατο E.Hel. 687
(lyr.); σπόγγους περὶ τὰ ὦτα Arist.Pr. 960b15
: metaph., ἀριθμῷ καταδήσασθαι tie up for oneself in lots, D.H.Rh.11.3; καταδησαμένη τινὰ ὁρκίοις Parth.12.3
.

b κ. τι ἀπό or ἔκ τινος, metaph., establish securely, τὴν διὰ πάντων διήκουσαν ὠφέλειαν ἀπὸ [ τοῦ συλλογισμοῦ] Procl.in Alc.p.252 C., cf. Simp. in de An.15.34.

2 bind up, θραῦμα, τραύματα, LXXSi.27.21, Ev.Luc.10.34.

3 put in bonds, imprison, Hdt.3.143, Th.8.15, Pl.Ti. 70e, etc.; κ. τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ (sc. δέσιν) Hdt.5.72.

4 convict of a crime, opp. ἀπολύω, c. inf., κ. τινὰ φῶρα εἶναι Hdt.2.174
, cf.4.68.

II tie down, stop, check, ἀνέμων κατέδησε κελεύθους or κέλευθα, Od.5.383, 10.20; ὅς μοι ἐφορμήσας ἀνέμους κατέδησε κελεύθου 7.272
, cf. 4.380; τοῦ γε θεοὶ κατὰ νόστον ἔδησαν 14.61
.

III bind by spells, enchant (with [tense] fut. - δήσομαι Theoc.2.3
), Din.Fr.6.7 ([voice] Pass.), SIG1175.2 (iv/iii B.C.), etc.; κ. τὸ ἐργαστήριόν τινος Tab.Defix.71.2
(iii B.C.); κ. τινὰ γλῶτταν καὶ ψυχὴν καὶ λόγον Tab.Defix.Aud.49.1
(iv/iii B. C.); γοητεῦσαι καὶ κ., of Cleopatra, D.C.50.5:—[voice] Pass., Tab.Defix.107a2, Clearch.38, Plu.2.378f; cf. καταδηνύω, καταδίδημι.

------------------------------------

καταδέω (B),

A lack, need, c. gen., esp. of numbers, ἡ [ ὁδὸς] καταδέει πεντεκαίδεκα σταδίων [ὡς] μὴ εἶναι πεντακοσίων Hdt.2.7
;
πυραμίδα.. εἴκοσι ποδῶν καταδέουσαν τριῶν πλέθρων
wanting
20
feet of 3 plethra, ib. 134; ἕνδεκα μυριάδες ἦσαν, μιῆς Χιλιάδος.. καταδέουσαι Id.9.30
, cf. 70; [ τὸ ναυτικὸν] δύο νεῶν κατέδεε ἐς τὸν ἀριθμόν there was a lack of two ships, 8.82 (unless κατέδεε be impersonal).

2 come after, be behind, Θῆβαι ἀνδρὸς ἰδιώτου καταδέουσιν εἰς εὐδαιμονίαν Paus.8.33.2
.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταδέω
67 binden

binden

I 〈 overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1 [vastmaken/knopen] tie (up) ⇒ knot, bind, fasten, strap 〈 met riem〉

2 [boeien] tie (up)

3 [figuurlijk] bind ⇒ tie

4 [in zijn vrijheid beperken] bind

5 [boekwezen] bind

6 [dik maken] thicken

7 [scheikunde] combine with ⇒ form a compound with

♦voorbeelden:

2   iemand de handen binden • tie someone's hands 〈 ook figuurlijk〉; 〈 figuurlijk〉 tie someone down

3   door de huwelijksband gebonden • bound by the ties of marriage

     hij weet zijn personeel aan zich te binden • he knows how to hold on to his staff

4   door voorschriften gebonden zijn • be bound by regulations

II 〈wederkerend werkwoord; zich binden〉

1 [een verplichting op zich nemen] commit oneself (to) ⇒ bind/pledge oneself (to)

III 〈 onovergankelijk werkwoord〉

1 [dik worden] thicken 〈 van saus〉

2 [figuurlijk] [een band smeden] be a bond

♦voorbeelden:

2   een gemeenschappelijke vijand bindt • a common enemy binds people together

Van Dale Handwoordenboek Nederlands-Engels > binden
68 astreindre

astreindre [astʀɛ̃dʀ]

➭ TABLE 49

1. transitive verb

• astreindre qn à faire qch to oblige sb to do sth

• astreindre qn à une discipline sévère to force a strict code of discipline on sb

2. reflexive verb

► s'astreindre

• s'astreindre à faire qch to force o.s. to do sth

* * *
astʀɛ̃dʀ
1.

verbe transitif

astreindre quelqu'un à quelque chose — [personne] to force something upon somebody; [réglementation] to bind somebody to something

astreindre quelqu'un à faire — to compel somebody to do

2.

s'astreindre verbe pronominal

s'astreindre à quelque chose — to subject oneself to something

s'astreindre à faire — to force oneself to do

* * *
astʀɛ̃dʀ vt
astreindre qn à qch — to force sth on sb, to impose sth on sb

astreindre qn à faire qch — to compel sb to do sth, to force sb to do sth

* * *

astreindre verb table: peindre

A vtr astreindre qn à qch [personne] to force sth upon sb; [réglementation] to bind sb to sth; être astreint au secret professionnel to be bound by the rules of professional confidentiality; mon taux de cholestérol m'astreint à un régime sévère my high cholesterol level keeps me on a strict diet; astreindre qn à faire to compel sb to do.

B s'astreindre vpr s'astreindre à qch to subject oneself to sth; s'astreindre à faire ( par autodiscipline) to make oneself do; ( par obligation) to force oneself to do.

[astrɛ̃dr] verbe transitif

astreindre quelqu'un à quelque chose to tie somebody down to something

il est astreint à un régime sévère he's on a very strict diet

astreindre quelqu'un à faire quelque chose to compel ou to force ou to oblige somebody to do something

————————

s'astreindre à verbe pronominal plus préposition

s'astreindre à faire quelque chose to compel ou to force oneself to do something

il s'astreint à un régime sévère he sticks to a strict diet

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > astreindre
69 aprieto

m.

fix, difficult situation.

poner en un aprieto a alguien to put somebody in a difficult position

estar en un aprieto to be in a fix

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: apretar.

* * *

aprieto

► nombre masculino

1 tight spot, difficulty, scrape, fix

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

poner a alguien en un aprieto to put somebody in an awkward situation

salir del aprieto to get out of trouble

* * *

noun m.

predicament

* * *

SM

1) (=apuro) predicament

estar o verse en un aprieto — to be in a predicament, be in a tight spot, be in an awkward situation

poner a algn en un aprieto — to put sb in a predicament, put sb in an awkward situation

la derrota puso en un aprieto su continuidad como entrenador — the defeat put his continuation as trainer in jeopardy

ayudar a algn a salir de un aprieto — to help sb out of trouble o out of a tight spot

2) (=presión)
= apretón 1)
* * *

masculino predicament

estar/verse en un aprieto — to be/to find oneself in a predicament

esto lo pone en un aprieto — this puts him in an awkward situation

la saqué del aprieto — I got her out of it

* * *

= embarrassment, quandary, predicament.

Ex. Patrons who are reluctant to seek assistance in using reference books or the card catalog, feel no embarrassment about seeking help in the 'automated' setting.

Ex. The increasing use and popularity of the Internet and phytomedicinals (medicinal herbs and medical botanics) have created a quandary for researchers, consumers and information professionals.

Ex. Any attempt to coerce a response without good reason based on that child's present predicament is to place in jeopardy the child's willing engagement now and in the future.

----

* en un aprieto = in a bind, in a predicament.

* en un gran aprieto = in dire straits.

* en un serio aprieto = in dire straits.

* estar en un aprieto = be in a fix.

* meterse en un aprieto = get into + a predicament.

* pasar aprietos = feel + the pinch.

* poner a Alguien en un aprieto = put + Nombre + on the spot.

* * *

masculino predicament

estar/verse en un aprieto — to be/to find oneself in a predicament

esto lo pone en un aprieto — this puts him in an awkward situation

la saqué del aprieto — I got her out of it

* * *

= embarrassment, quandary, predicament.

Ex: Patrons who are reluctant to seek assistance in using reference books or the card catalog, feel no embarrassment about seeking help in the 'automated' setting.

Ex: The increasing use and popularity of the Internet and phytomedicinals (medicinal herbs and medical botanics) have created a quandary for researchers, consumers and information professionals.

Ex: Any attempt to coerce a response without good reason based on that child's present predicament is to place in jeopardy the child's willing engagement now and in the future.

* en un aprieto = in a bind, in a predicament.

* en un gran aprieto = in dire straits.

* en un serio aprieto = in dire straits.

* estar en un aprieto = be in a fix.

* meterse en un aprieto = get into + a predicament.

* pasar aprietos = feel + the pinch.

* poner a Alguien en un aprieto = put + Nombre + on the spot.

* * *

aprieto

masculine

predicament

estar/verse en un aprieto to be/to find oneself in a predicament o a difficult situation o a tight spot

esto lo pone en un aprieto this puts him in a predicament o in an awkward situation

un amigo los sacó del aprieto a friend got them out of it o got them off the hook

salieron del aprieto con su ayuda they got out of it with her help

* * *

Del verbo apretar: ( conjugate apretar)

aprieto es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

Multiple Entries:
apretar
aprieto
apretar ( conjugate apretar) verbo transitivo
1
a) ‹ botón› to press, push;

‹ acelerador› to put one's foot on, press;
‹ gatillo› to pull, squeeze
b) ‹nudo/tapa/tornillo› to tighten;

‹puño/mandíbulas› to clench;
◊ apreté los dientes I gritted my teeth

2
a) ( apretujar):

◊ apretó al niño contra su pecho he clasped o clutched the child to his breast;

me apretó el brazo con fuerza he squeezed o gripped my arm firmly
b) ( presionar) to put pressure on

verbo intransitivo
1 [ropa/zapatos] (+ me/te/le etc) to be too tight;
◊ el vestido le aprieta the dress is too tight for her

2 ( hacer presión) to press down (o in etc)
apretarse verbo pronominal
to squeeze o squash together
aprieto sustantivo masculino See Also→ apuro 2
apretar
I vtr (pulsar un botón) to press
(el cinturón, un tornillo) to tighten
(el gatillo) to pull: me aprietan los zapatos, these shoes are too tight for me
II verbo intransitivo el calor ha apretado en julio, it was really hot in July
♦ Locuciones: apretar el paso, to hasten, hurry
apretarle las clavijas a alguien, to put the screws on someone
donde aprieta el zapato, where the problem is
aprieto sustantivo masculino tight spot, fix: la pregunta puso al entrenador en un aprieto, the question put the trainer in a tight corner
' aprieto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
apuro
- poner
- atolladero
- con
- ver
English:
fix
- jam
- mess
- predicament
- tight
- bind

* * *

aprieto

♦ ver apretar

♦ nm

fix, difficult situation;

estar en un aprieto to be in a fix;

poner en un aprieto a alguien to put sb in a difficult position;

salir de un aprieto to get out of a fix o difficult situation

* * *

aprieto

m predicament;

poner a alguien en un aprieto put o place s.o. in a predicament

* * *

aprieto nm

apuro: predicament, difficulty

estar en un aprieto: to be in a fix

* * *

aprieto n fix / tight spot

está en un aprieto he's in a fix

Spanish-English dictionary > aprieto
70 надоедать

1) General subject: aggravate, annoy, badger, bind (поучениями), bore, bother, cloy, devil, dun, fuss, give (smb.) a pain in the neck (кому-л.), harry, hassle, herry, importune, interfere, make oneself a nuisance, make weary, molest, nickel and dime, nickel-and-dimed, nickel-and-diming, nickeled-and-dimed, nickeling-and-diming, niggle, pall (обыкн. pall on), peeve, pester, tease, tire, trouble, urge, weary, worry, buzz about, get on wick, make a nuisance of oneself, make a nuisance of oneself, make oneself a nuisance, persecute, keep at with (кому-л., чем-л.), get old (о шутке и т.п.), din

2) Colloquial: blister, brown off, bug, feed up pass, plague, pop boring

3) American: wig (кому-л.), stick in craw

4) Obsolete: irk

5) Rare: hatchel

6) Australian slang: crap off, get in ( smb.'s) hair, get up (smb.'s) nose, nark, pick on, pull (smb.'s) leg, rough-house

7) Scottish language: deave

8) Jargon: bind (поучениями и т.п.), fool around, get (one's), get in (one's) hair, goat, bone, drag, ear, get, hound

9) Makarov: get on (smb.'s) wick, make oneself a nuisance (to), ply, cheese off, feed up

10) Taboo: ball somebody up (кому-л.), break somebody's balls (кому-л.), bugger somebody off (кому-л.), futz about (usu futz about with something), screw somebody (кому-л.), screw somebody up (кому-л.), stick like shit to a blanket

11) Phraseological unit: grind( one's) gears, harsh (one's) mellow

12) Idiomatic expression: under my skin

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > надоедать
71 pereza

f.

1 idleness.

me da pereza ir a pie I can't be bothered walking

no lo hice por pereza I couldn't be bothered doing it

sacudirse la pereza to wake oneself up

sentir pereza to feel lazy

2 laziness, sluggishness, idleness, sloth.

* * *

pereza

► nombre femenino

1 laziness

■ ¡qué pereza lavar los platos! I don't feel like doing the washing up

■ me da pereza I can't be bothered

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

tener pereza to feel lazy

* * *

noun f.

laziness

* * *

SF laziness

me da pereza ducharme — I can't be bothered to have a shower

tener pereza — to feel lazy

¡qué pereza! — * what a drag! *

¡qué pereza, tener que limpiar la casa! — what a drag, having to clean the house! *

* * *

femenino laziness

me da pereza ir — I can't be bothered to go

tengo una pereza horrible — I feel terribly lazy

qué pereza tener que ir! — what a bind o drag having to go! (colloq)

* * *

= foot-dragging, laziness, lethargy, sloth, sluggishness.

Ex. As an administrator he pushes authority as far down the hierarchy as possible and has little patience for foot-dragging and ignorance.

Ex. Good literature insists on the importance of the inner, the distinctive and individual, life of man, while much else in our activities and in our make-up -- fear, ambition, fatigue, laziness -- tries to make that life generalized and typecast.

Ex. Most patrons check in the first file they see and go no further because of ignorance or lethargy.

Ex. Students often misconceive what education requires, as prior schooling, plus sloth, predispose them to passivity.

Ex. The notion that the post-tenure years are a time of relative languor and sluggishness is not borne out in the data.

----

* con pereza = lazily.

* dar pereza = can't/couldn't be bothered.

* por pereza = lazily.

* * *

femenino laziness

me da pereza ir — I can't be bothered to go

tengo una pereza horrible — I feel terribly lazy

qué pereza tener que ir! — what a bind o drag having to go! (colloq)

* * *

= foot-dragging, laziness, lethargy, sloth, sluggishness.

Ex: As an administrator he pushes authority as far down the hierarchy as possible and has little patience for foot-dragging and ignorance.

Ex: Good literature insists on the importance of the inner, the distinctive and individual, life of man, while much else in our activities and in our make-up -- fear, ambition, fatigue, laziness -- tries to make that life generalized and typecast.

Ex: Most patrons check in the first file they see and go no further because of ignorance or lethargy.

Ex: Students often misconceive what education requires, as prior schooling, plus sloth, predispose them to passivity.

Ex: The notion that the post-tenure years are a time of relative languor and sluggishness is not borne out in the data.

* con pereza = lazily.

* dar pereza = can't/couldn't be bothered.

* por pereza = lazily.

* * *

pereza

feminine

laziness

me da pereza I can't be bothered

tengo una pereza horrible I feel terribly lazy

¡qué pereza! ¡tener que ir a trabajar! what a bind o drag having to go to work! ( colloq)

* * *

pereza sustantivo femenino
laziness;
◊ me da pereza ir I can't be bothered to go;

tengo una pereza horrible I feel terribly lazy;
¡qué pereza tener que ir! what a bind o drag having to go! (colloq)
pereza sustantivo femenino laziness, idleness: me da pereza hacer el trabajo ahora, I can't be bothered to do the work now

' pereza' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
flojera
- madre
- fiaca
English:
cost
- laziness
- sloth
- sluggishness
- bothered

* * *

pereza nf

idleness;

me da pereza ir a pie I can't be bothered walking;

no lo hice por pereza I couldn't be bothered to do it;

sacudirse la pereza to wake oneself up;

sentir pereza to feel lazy

* * *

pereza

f laziness;

me da pereza I can’t be bothered

* * *

pereza nf

flojera, holgazanería: laziness, idleness

* * *

pereza n laziness

me da pereza I can't be bothered

me da pereza salir I can't be bothered to go out

tener pereza to feel lazy

Spanish-English dictionary > pereza
72 fasciare

medicine bandage

* * *

fasciare v.tr.

1 to bandage; to bind* (up); to dress: fasciare una ferita, to bind a wound (o to dress a wound) // è inutile fasciarsi il capo prima di esserselo rotto, (fig.) don't cross your bridges before you come to them

2 ( avvolgere) to wrap, to swathe: l'abito le fasciava i fianchi, the dress hugged her hips

3 (letter.) ( circondare) to surround, to encircle

4 ( un neonato) to swaddle

5 (mar.) ( con legno) to plank; ( con metallo) to plate

6 (elettr.) ( con nastro isolante) to tape.

◘ fasciarsi v.rifl.

1 to bandage oneself

2 ( avvolgersi) to wrap oneself

3 (ferita ecc.) to dress.

* * *
[faʃ'ʃare] 1.
verbo transitivo

1) (bendare) to bandage (up) [dito, arto]; to bind* (up) [ ferita]

2) (avvolgere in fasce) to swaddle [ neonato]

3) (aderire) [ vestito] to hug [vita, fianchi]
2.
verbo pronominale fasciar si

- rsi un dito — to bandage one's finger

••

è inutile -rsi la testa prima di essersela rotta — don't cross your bridges before coming to them

* * *

fasciare

/fa∫'∫are/ [1]

I verbo transitivo

1 (bendare) to bandage (up) [dito, arto]; to bind* (up) [ ferita]

2 (avvolgere in fasce) to swaddle [ neonato]

3 (aderire) [ vestito] to hug [vita, fianchi]

II fasciar si verbo pronominale

- rsi un dito to bandage one's finger

IDIOMS

è inutile -rsi la testa prima di essersela rotta don't cross your bridges before coming to them.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > fasciare
73 sitoa

yks.nom. sitoa; yks.gen. sidon; yks.part. sitoi; yks.ill. sitoisi; mon.gen. sitokoon; mon.part. sitonut; mon.ill. sidottiin

bandage (verb)

be binding (verb)

bind (verb)

bind up (verb)

clinch (verb)

dress (verb)

engage (verb)

fasten (verb)

knot (verb)

lash (verb)

tie (verb)

tie oneself to (verb)

tie up (verb)

truss (verb)

wreathe (verb)

* * *

• wreathe

• wrap

• tie up

• tie

• tie oneself to

• tie off

• tie down

• attach

• strap

• dress

• clinch

• clamp

• chain

• bunch

• bind

• bind up

• be binding

• bandage

• bail

• truss

• join

• stick

• ligature

• layer

• engage

• knot

• hold

• fasten

• lash

Suomi-Englanti sanakirja > sitoa
74 ἐκδέω

ἐκδέω,

A bind so as to hang from, fasten to or on, c. gen., πέτρης ἐκ πείσματα δήσας Od.10.96
; [δρῦς] ἔκδεον ἡμιόνων they bound the oaks to the mules, i.e. they yoked the mules to them, Il.23.121 ; τοῦ τείχους Aen.Tact.11.6
: abs., σανίδας ἐκδῆσαι ὄπισθε bind planks behind, Od. 22.174 ; χέρας βρόχοισιν ἐκδήσαντες E.Andr. 556
: metaph., trace the dependence of one thing on another, Plot.3.3.1 : —[voice] Med., bind a thing to oneself, hang it round one, ἐκδήσασθαι ἀγάλματα Hdt.4.76
; also, bind or fasten for oneself, ἀκταῖσιν..πεισμάτων ἀρχάς E.Hipp. 761
(lyr.); τὸν νεκρὸν ἐκ τοῦ δίφρου IG14.1284
:—[voice] Pass., Luc.Hist.Conscr. 29, al.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐκδέω
75 fajar

v.

1 to put a wrapper on.

2 to attack, to assault (informal) (acometer). ( Latin American Spanish)

3 to rip off (informal) (timar). ( River Plate)

4 to strap, to lash, to tie, to belt.

María fajó al chico en el auto Mary strapped the boy in the car.

María fajó su cintura Mary belted her waist.

* * *

fajar

► verbo transitivo

1 to bind, wrap

* * *

1. VT

1) (=envolver) to wrap

- ¡que lo fajen!

2) (=vendar) to bandage

3) LAm (=atacar) to attack, go for *; (=golpear) * to beat up

4) Cuba (=seducir) [+ mujer] to try to seduce

2.

VI LAm

fajar con algn — * to go for sb, lay into sb *

3.

See:

fajarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo (CS, Per fam) ( dar una paliza) to beat up (colloq)
2.
fajarse v pron

1) ( ponerse faja) to put on a girdle (o belt etc)

2)

a) (Méx, Ven fam) ( dedicarse) to knuckle down (colloq)

vas a tener que fajarte como los buenos — you're really going to have to knuckle down

se fajaron a trabajar — they worked their butts off (AmE) o (BrE) slogged their guts out (colloq)

b) (Méx, Ven fam) ( pelearse) to get into a fight

3) (Méx fam) pareja to pet (colloq), make out (AmE colloq)

4) (Col fam) ( lucirse) to excel oneself

* * *

= gird.

Ex. The peaks and rocks of grotesque shapes are girded by clear streams and embraced by green trees and bamboo plants.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo (CS, Per fam) ( dar una paliza) to beat up (colloq)
2.
fajarse v pron

1) ( ponerse faja) to put on a girdle (o belt etc)

2)

a) (Méx, Ven fam) ( dedicarse) to knuckle down (colloq)

vas a tener que fajarte como los buenos — you're really going to have to knuckle down

se fajaron a trabajar — they worked their butts off (AmE) o (BrE) slogged their guts out (colloq)

b) (Méx, Ven fam) ( pelearse) to get into a fight

3) (Méx fam) pareja to pet (colloq), make out (AmE colloq)

4) (Col fam) ( lucirse) to excel oneself

* * *

= gird.

Ex: The peaks and rocks of grotesque shapes are girded by clear streams and embraced by green trees and bamboo plants.

* * *

fajar [A1 ]

vt

A

1 (con una venda) to bandage, bind

2 (con una faja) to put a sash ( o belt etc) on

B

1 (CS, Per fam) (dar una paliza) to beat up ( colloq)

2 ( RPl fam) (timar) to rip … off ( colloq)

¡te fajaron! you were ripped off o conned! ( colloq)

¿cuánto te fajaron por ese reloj? how much did they sting you for that watch? ( colloq)

■ fajar

vi

( Méx fam) fajar v pron C 2.

■ fajarse

v pron

A

1 (ponerse faja) to put on a girdle ( o belt etc)

2 (llevar faja) to wear a girdle ( o belt etc)

B

1 (Méx, Ven fam) (dedicarse) to knuckle down ( colloq)

vas a tener que fajarte como los buenos you're really going to have to knuckle down

se fajaron a trabajar they worked their butts off ( AmE) o ( BrE) slogged their guts out ( colloq)

están fajados comiendo ( Ven); they're busy stuffing their faces ( colloq)

2 (Méx, Ven fam) (pelearse) to get into a fight

C

1 ( Méx fam) ‹mujer› to feel up ( AmE colloq), to touch up ( BrE colloq)

2 ( Méx fam) «pareja» to pet ( colloq), make out ( AmE colloq)

D ( Col fam) (lucirse) to excel oneself, do oneself proud ( colloq)

* * *

fajar

♦ vt

1. [periódico] to put a wrapper on;
[libro] to put a band on
2. [niño] to swaddle

3. Am Fam [acometer] to attack, to assault

4. RP Fam [timar] to rip off;

en ese restaurante te fajan that restaurant's a rip-off;

qué camisa tan linda, ¿cuánto te fajaron? what a lovely shirt, how much did they sting you for that?;

¿te costó 500? ¡te fajaron! it cost you 500? you were ripped off!

5. Carib Fam [dinero]
fajar algo a alguien to touch sb for sth

♦ See also the pronominal verb fajarse

* * *

fajar

I v/t herida dress; brazo, pierna bandage; paquete tie up

II v/i Méx fam ( enrollarse) neck fam

* * *

fajar vt

1) : to wrap (a sash or girdle) around

2) : to hit, to thrash

♦ See also the reflexive verb fajarse

Spanish-English dictionary > fajar
76 FESTA

fix

* * *

I)

(-sta, -str), v.

1) to make fast, fasten (festa skip, bát, hval);

2) to hang up (= festa upp);

festa á gálga, to hang on the gallows;

festa út til þerris, to hang out for drying;

festa e-t við e-t, to fasten to a thing;

3) in various fig. phrases,

festa trúnað á e-t, to believe in;

festa hug við e-t, to fix the mind upon;

festa yndi, to feel happy (in a place);

festa e-t í minni, to fix in the memory;

also absol., festa kvæði, to learn a poem by heart;

4) to settle, stipulate;

festa sátt mál, to make a settled agreement;

festa járn, to pledge oneself to the ordeal of red-hot iron;

5) to betroth (festa e-m dóttur sína);

6) impers. to cleave, stick fast (spjótit festi í skildinum);

eld festir, the fire catches, takes hold;

bein (acc.) festir, the bone unites (after a fracture);

7) refl., festast, to grow to, stick fast to (nafnit festist við hann);

bardagi festist, the battle closes up fast.

II)

f. bail, pledge (svardagi ok festa).

* * *

t, [fastr], to fasten; lím er festir allart vegginn, Rb. 390.

2. to fasten with a cord, to fasten a thing afloat; festa skip, to make a ship fast, moor it, Eg. 161, Fms. vii. 314; þeir festu sik aptr við lyptingina, they made the ship fast, ii. 327; festa hval, Grág. ii. 337; festa við, of drift-timber, id.

β. to hang up; festa út til þerris, to hang out for drying, Ld. 290; ef maðr festir upp vápn sitt þar er sjálft fellr ofan, Grág. ii. 65; festa á gálga, to hang on the gallows, Am. 55, Hðm. 22, Fms. i. 89; festa upp, to hang up, Nj. 9, Fær. 188, Fms. vi. 273, ix. 410; festa í stagl, to make fast to the rack, 656 C. 38; cp. stagl-festa, 623. 51.

II. metaph. in many phrases; festa trúnað, to fix one’s faith on, to believe in, Eg. 59, Fms. i. 100; festa yndi, to feel happy in a place, 135; festa hug við e-t, to fix the mind upon a thing, hence hug-fastr; festa bygð, stað, to fix one’s abode (stað-fastr, steadfast); festa ráð, to make one’s mind up, iv. 149; festa e-t í minni, to fix in the memory, Edda (pref.), Fms. iv. 116, hence minnis-fast; also absol., festa kvæði, to fix a poem in the memory, learn it by heart; Síðan orti Egill alla drápuna, ok hafði fest, svá at hann mátti kveða um morguninn, Eg. 421.

2. in law phrases, to settle, stipulate; festa mál, sáttmál, to make a settled agreement, Eg. 34, Fms. x. 355; festa grið, to make a truce, Grág. ii. 194; festa kaup, verð, to wake a bargain, 399; festa fé, to give bail, Gþl. 482, N. G. L. i. 23, Fms. vii. 290; festa eið, to pledge oneself to take an oath, Gþl. 539; festa járn, to pledge oneself to the ordeal of red-hot iron, Fms. vii. 230; festa dóm e-s, or f. e-m dóm, iv. 227, vii. 311, Hkr. i. 168, N. G. L. i. 23; festa eindæmi, q. v., Sturl. ii. 22; festa e-t í dóm e-s, id., Fms. vii. 302; festa e-t á dóm e-s, id., iv. 327; festa lög fyrir e-t (= lög-festa), to claim a thing as one’s lawful property, and thus forbid another any use of it, K. Á. 184, N. G. L. i. 154, Gþl. 333, Jb. 151–249 (passim), cp. Vídal. Skýr. s. v. festa: absol. to pledge oneself, Eysteinn konungr festi at gjalda hálfan fimta tög marka gulls, Fms. vii. 290.

β. to bind in wedlock; Ásgrímr festi Helga dóttur sína, Asgrim (the father) bound his daughter in wedlock to Helgi (dat.), betrothed her to him, Nj. 40; létu þeir nú sem fyrr, at hón festi sik sjálf, she should bind herself, 49: also of the bridegroom, the bride in acc. as the bargain stipulated, festi Þorvaldr Hallgerði, 17; nú festir maðr sér konu, N. G. L. i. 350, Glúm. 351, cp, Grág. F. Þ. passim.

III. impers. in a pass. sense, to cleave, stick fast to; spjótið (acc.) festi í skildinum, Nj. 43, 262; kemr í skjöldinn svá at festi, 70; rekr hann (acc.) ofan á vaðit ok festi þar á steini, stuck fast on a stone, of a thing floating, 108; við eðr hval festir í vatns-bökkum, timber or whales aground in the shoals, Grág. ii. 355; ef við rekr at ám ofan, ok festir í eyrum, and sticks on the gravel banks, id.; nema festi í miðju vatninu, id.; eld festir, the fire catches, takes hold, Fms. i. 128.

β. medic., bein (acc.) festir, a bone joins (after a fracture); fót festir, the leg grows firm, Bs. i. 743, cp. Eb. 316 and Bs. 5. 424.

IV. reflex. to grow to, stick fast to; nafnið festisk við hann, Ld. 52, Fas. i. 86; ryðr festisk, rust sticks to it, it grows rusty, 519; festask í landi, ríki, absol. to get a fast footing in the land, Fms. i. 32, xi. 343: the milit. phrase, bardagi, orrosta festisk, the battle closes up fast, when all the ranks are engaged, Sturl. iii. 63, Fms. ii. 313.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > FESTA
77 binden

bin·den <band, gebunden> [ʼbɪndn̩]

vt

1) ( durch Binden zusammenfügen)

etw [zu etw] \binden to bind [or tie] sth [to sth];

Fichtenzweige wurden zu Kränzen gebunden pine twigs were tied [or bound] [together] into wreaths;

\binden Sie mir bitte einen Strauß roter Rosen! make up a bunch of red roses for me, please;

bindest du mir bitte die Krawatte? can you do [up] my tie [for me], please?;

kannst du mir bitte die Schürze hinten \binden? can you tie my apron at the back for me, please?

2) (fesseln, befestigen)

jdn/ etw/ ein Tier an etw akk \binden to tie [up sep] sb/sth/an animal to sth;

jdn an Händen und Füßen \binden to bind sb hand and foot;

jdm die Hände \binden to tie sb's hands;

[sich dat] etw akk um etw binden to tie sth round [one's] sth;

sie band sich ein Tuch um den Kopf she tied a shawl round her head

3) ( festlegen)

jdn [an jdn/etw] \binden to bind sb [to sb/sth];

ein Vertrag bindet immer beide Seiten a contract is always binding on both parties;

durch die Anstellung wurde sie an München gebunden as a result of her appointment she was tied to Munich;

ihn band ein furchtbarer Eid he was bound by a terrible oath

4) ( emotional verbinden)

jdn an etw akk \binden to tie sb to sth;

er hatte immer den Eindruck, dass ihn nichts an diese Stadt bindet he always had the impression that he had no ties with this town

5) ( festhalten)

etw [mit/durch etw] \binden to bind sth [with/by means of sth];

Kapital \binden to tie [or lock] up capital

6) chem

etw \binden to bind sth

7) kochk to bind [or thicken] sth;

eine Soße \binden to bind a sauce

8) verlag ( mit Einband versehen)

etw \binden to bind sth

9) mus

Akkorde/Töne \binden to slur chords/tones;

eine Note \binden to tie a note; s. a. gebunden

WENDUNGEN:

jdm sind die Hände gebunden sb's hands are tied

vi to bind;

dieser Klebstoff bindet gut this glue bonds well; Soße to bind

vr ( sich verpflichten)

sich an jdn/etw \binden to commit oneself to sb/sth;

ich möchte mich momentan nicht \binden I don't want to tie myself down [or get involved] right now

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > binden
78 vincular

v.

1 to link.

2 to entail (law).

* * *

vincular

► verbo transitivo

1 (unir) to link (a, to), bind (a, to)

2 (relacionar) to relate ( con, to), connect ( con, with), link ( con, with)

■ estaba vinculada con la secta she was connected with the sect

3 figurado (sujetar) to tie (a, to), attach (a, to)

■ están vinculados a la empresa they are tied to the firm

4 DERECHO to entail

► verbo pronominal vincularse

1 to link oneself (a, to)

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

vincular sus esperanzas en to found one's hopes on

* * *

1. VT

1) (=relacionar) to link, bind (a to)

vincular sus esperanzas a algo — to base one's hopes on sth

vincular su suerte a la de otro — to make one's fate dependent on sb else's

están estrechamente vinculados entre sí — they are closely bound together

2) (Jur) to entail

2.

See:

vincularse

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) (conectar, relacionar)

están vinculados por lazos de amistad — they are linked by bonds o ties of friendship

los vincula una pasión por el arte — they are united by a passion for art

grupos estrechamente vinculados — closely linked groups

vincular algo/a alguien a or con algo/alguien — to link something/somebody to o with something/somebody

b) ( comprometer) to bind, be binding on

2) < bienes> to entail

* * *

= tie (to).

Ex. Chain indexing is closely tied to the structure (but not necessarily the terminology) of the classification scheme.

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) (conectar, relacionar)

están vinculados por lazos de amistad — they are linked by bonds o ties of friendship

los vincula una pasión por el arte — they are united by a passion for art

grupos estrechamente vinculados — closely linked groups

vincular algo/a alguien a or con algo/alguien — to link something/somebody to o with something/somebody

b) ( comprometer) to bind, be binding on

2) < bienes> to entail

* * *

= tie (to).

Ex: Chain indexing is closely tied to the structure (but not necessarily the terminology) of the classification scheme.

* * *

vincular [A1 ]

vt

A

1

(conectar, relacionar): sus familias están vinculadas por estrechos lazos de amistad their families are linked by close bonds o ties of friendship

los vinculaba una pasión por el arte they were united by a passion for art

vincular algo/a algn A or CON algo/algn to link sth/sb TO o WITH sth/sb

2 (comprometer) to bind, be binding on

B ‹bienes› to entail

* * *

vincular ( conjugate vincular) verbo transitivo
a) (conectar, relacionar) vincular algo/a algn a or con algo/algn to link sth/sb to o with sth/sb;

◊ están vinculados por lazos de amistad they are linked by bonds o ties of friendship;

grupos estrechamente vinculados closely linked groups
b) ( comprometer) to bind, be binding on

vincular verbo transitivo
1 (unir, relacionar) to link, connect
2 (comprometer) to bind
' vincular' also found in these entries:
English:
associate
- link
- peg
- tie
- tie together
- tie up

* * *

vincular

♦ vt

1. [enlazar] to link;

estar vinculado a [tener vínculos con] to be linked to, to have links with;
[depender de] to be linked to
2. [obligar]
este tratado vincula a los países firmantes this treaty is binding for the countries that have signed it

3. Informát to attach

♦ See also the pronominal verb vincularse

* * *

vincular

v/t

1 link (a to)

2 ( comprometer) bind

* * *

vincular vt

conectar, relacionar: to tie, to link, to connect

* * *

vincular vb to link

Spanish-English dictionary > vincular
79 binden

binden v 1. FIN lock up, tie up (Kapital); 2. IND bind; 3. BANK peg • sich an etw. binden GEN commit oneself to sth
* * *

v 1. < Finanz> Kapital lock up, tie up; 2. < Ind> bind; 3. < Bank> peg ■ sich an etw. binden < Geschäft> commit oneself to sth

* * *
binden
(verbindlich machen) to obligate;
• Buch binden to bind a book;
• Geldmittel binden to tie (lock, Br.) up money, (für bestimmten Zweck) to earmark funds;
• Preise binden to maintain retail prices;
• an einen Preis binden to limit to a price;
• j. vertraglich binden to tie s. o. down to a contract.

Business german-english dictionary > binden
80 verpflichten

verpflichten v 1. GEN oblige, (AE) obligate, sign up; 2. RECHT bind, engage • jmdn. verpflichten, etw. zu tun GEN oblige sb to do sth • zur Verschwiegenheit verpflichten GEN, RECHT bind to secrecy
* * *

v 1. < Geschäft> oblige, obligate (AE), sign up; 2. < Recht> bind, engage ■ jmdn. verpflichten, etw. zu tun < Geschäft> oblige sb to do sth
--------
: sich verpflichten

< Geschäft> sign up ■ sich verpflichten, etw. zu tun < Geschäft> undertake to do sth ■ sich zu etw. verpflichten < Geschäft> commit oneself to sth

* * *
verpflichten
to bind, to commit, to engage, to obligate;
• seinen Auftraggeber rechtlich verpflichten to bind one’s principal;
• sich ausdrücklich verpflichten to expressly undertake;
• j. auf Geheimhaltung verpflichten to bind s. o. to secrecy;
• neu verpflichten to recruit afresh;
• sich für drei Jahre verpflichten to engage for three years;
• sich für die Saison verpflichten to engage o. s. for the season;
• sich zum vollen Schadenersatz verpflichten to accept full responsibility for the cost of making good any damage;
• zur Tragung der Kosten verpflichten (Urteil) to carry costs;
• sich zur Übernahme der Kosten verpflichten to undertake to pay the costs;
• sich zur Unterstützung verpflichten to pledge one’s support;
• sich vertraglich verpflichten to enter into a covenant, to bind o. s. by contract, to sign up.

Business german-english dictionary > verpflichten

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

bind oneself — index pledge (promise the performance of), promise (vow) Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
bind oneself by oath — index promise (vow), swear Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
bind oneself to — commit oneself to, obligate oneself to, undertake; attach oneself to, tie oneself to … English contemporary dictionary
in a bind — or[in a box] {adv. phr.}, {informal} Likely to have trouble whether you do one thing or another. * /Sam is in a bind because if he carries home his aunt s groceries, his teacher will be angry because he is late, and if he doesn t, his aunt will… … Dictionary of American idioms
in a bind — or[in a box] {adv. phr.}, {informal} Likely to have trouble whether you do one thing or another. * /Sam is in a bind because if he carries home his aunt s groceries, his teacher will be angry because he is late, and if he doesn t, his aunt will… … Dictionary of American idioms
promise — prom·ise n: a declaration or manifestation esp. in a contract of an intention to act or refrain from acting in a specified way that gives the party to whom it is made a right to expect its fulfillment aleatory promise: a promise (as to compensate … Law dictionary
Vows — • A promise made to God Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Vows Vows † Catholic Encyclo … Catholic encyclopedia
commit — com·mit vb com·mit·ted, com·mit·ting vt 1 a: to put into another s charge or trust: entrust consign committed her children to her sister s care b: to place in a prison or mental hospital esp. by judicial order was found to be gravely … Law dictionary
pledge — 1 / plej/ n 1: a delivery of esp. personal property as security for a debt or other obligation; broadly: the perfection of a security interest in collateral through possession of the collateral by a creditor or other promisee 2 a: property and… … Law dictionary
promise — I (New American Roget s College Thesaurus) I n. pledge, word. v. give one s word; bid fair, show promise. See promise, expectation, hope. II Pledge to do something Nouns 1. promise, undertaking, word, troth, pledge, parole, word of honor, vow,… … English dictionary for students
Promise — (Roget s Thesaurus) < N PARAG:Promise >N GRP: N 1 Sgm: N 1 promise promise undertaking word troth plight pledge parole word of honor vow Sgm: N 1 oath oath &c.(affirmation) 535 Sgm: N 1 profes … English dictionary for students

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на английский

(bind+oneself)

См. также в других словарях:

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на английский

(bind+oneself)

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

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