suits

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actĭo, ōnis, f. [ago], a doing, performing, acting, action, act.

In gen.:

non modo deos spoliat motu et actione divina, sed etiam homines inertes efficit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 37; 2, 16;

virtutis laus omnis in actione consistit,

id. Off. 1, 6; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54.—With subject. gen.:

ad eas res parandas, quibus actio vitae continetur,

active, practical life, id. Off. 1, 5:

corporis,

id. Div. 1, 32:

mentis,

id. N. D. 1, 17; and with object. gen.: itaque nec actio rerum illarum ( the public performance of those things) apertā petulantiā vacat, id. ib. 1, 35, 127; ib. 1, 43:

actio ullius rei,

id. Ac. 2, 33, 108; and so plur.: periculosae rerum actiones sunt, Off. 1, 2, 4;

hence: actio gratiarum,

the giving of thanks, id. Fam. 10, 19 (cf.: gratias agere).—

Esp.

Public functions, civil acts, proceedings, or duties.

In gen., Cic. Fam. 9, 8:

tribunorum,

their official duties, Liv. 5, 11; so,

consularis,

id. 4, 55 al.:

actiones nostras scriptis mandamus,

Cic. Off. 2, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 5.—Hence negotiation, deliberation:

discessu consulum actio de pace sublata est,

Cic. Att. 9. 9.—Esp.

Of judicial proceedings.

An action, suit, process ( in abstr.), with a gen. more precisely defining it, e. g. actio furti, injuriarum; also with de:

actio de repetundis, de arboribus succisis, etc.: actionem alicui intendere,

Cic. Mil. 14:

instituere,

to bring an action against one, id. Mur. 9: multis actiones ( processes, suits) et res ( the property in suit) peribant, Liv. 39, 18 al.—

The accusation ( in concr.), the statement of the crime, the indictment, charge, accusation:

Inde illa actio, OPE CONSILIOQVE TVO FVRTVM AIO FACTVM ESSE,

Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74; cf. id. Caecin. 3; id. de Or. 1, 36, 167.—Hence, in gen., judicial forms (the omission of which rendered a suit null and void): actiones Manilianae, forms relative to purchase and sale; cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 246:

Hostilianae,

ib. 1, 57, 245.—Hence,

A pleading of a case (spoken or written); so Cic. calls his Orats. against Verres, actiones, pleas, simply dividing them into actio prima and actio secunda:

actio causae,

Cic. Caecin. 2, 4;

actiones litium,

id. Phil. 9, 5, 11; so,

Suet. continuae actiones, Ner. 15: in prima parte actionis,

Quint. 10, 1, 20 al. —

Permission for a suit:

dare alicui actionem (which was the right or duty of the praetor or judge),

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27.—

The judicial management of a suit, the trial, the day of trial:

prima, altera, tertia,

Cic. Verr. 1, 30; 2, 2, 6.—

Of an orator; the exterior air or bearing, the action, delivery: Demosthenem ferunt ei qui quaesivisset quid primum esset in dicendo, actionem;

quid secundum, idem et idem tertium respondisse,

Cic. Brut. 38; cf. id. de Or. 1, 18;

so that it often includes even the voice: actio ejus (Pompeii) habebat et in voce magnum splendorem et in motu summam dignitatem,

id. Brut. 68; cf. id. Or. 17:

est actio quasi sermo corporis,

id. de Or. 3, 59; cf. ib. 2, 17 al.—Hence, also —

Of an actor, action:

in quo tanta commoveri actio non posset,

id. de Or. 3, 26.—

In dramatic lang., the action, the connection or series of events, the plot, in a play:

habet enim (fabula) varios actus multasque actiones et consiliorum et temporum,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6.

contrārĭus, a, um, adj. [contra], lying or being over against, opposite.

In gen.

Prop., of places (syn. adversus):

collis adversus huic et contrarius,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.:

contraria tigna iis (tignis),

id. ib. 4, 17, 5; and:

gemma soli,

Plin. 37, 9, 47, § 131:

contrario amne,

against the stream, id. 21, 12, 43, § 73:

tellus,

Ov. M. 1, 65; cf. id. ib. 13, 429:

ripa,

Dig. 41, 1, 65:

auris,

Plin. 24, 10, 47, § 77:

contraria vulnera ( = adversa vulnera),

in front, on the breast, Tac. H. 3, 84:

in contrarias partes fluere,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78; cf.:

tignis in contrariam partem revinctis,

Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.

. si pelles utriusque (hyaenae et pantherae) contrariae suspendantur,

Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 93:

contrario ictu uterque transfixus,

by a blow from the opposite direction, Liv. 2, 6, 9.— With inter se, Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 49.—With atque, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—Far more freq. and class. in prose and poetry,

Transf., of other objects.

In gen., opposite, contrary, opposed (syn. diversus); constr. with the gen., dat., inter se, atque, or absol.

With gen.:

hujus virtutis contraria est vitiositas,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34; id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67 Madv. N. cr.; Quint. 5, 10, 49 al.—

With dat.:

voluptas honestati,

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119:

fortuna rationi et constantiae,

id. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. Top. 11, 46 sq.:

vitium illi virtuti,

Quint. 11, 3, 44:

rusticitas urbanitati,

id. 6, 3, 17:

pes bacchio,

id. 9, 4, 102:

color albo,

Ov. M. 2, 541:

aestus vento,

id. ib. 8, 471 et saep. —

With inter se:

orationes inter se contrariae Aeschinis Demosthenisque,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 14; so id. de Or. 2, 55, 223; Quint. prooem. § 2; 1, 10, 6; 10, 1, 22.—

With atque:

versantur retro contrario motu atque caelum,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—

Absol.:

aut bono casu aut contrario,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis conflatum,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

ardor,

Lucr. 3, 252:

exemplum,

Quint. 5, 11, 7:

jus,

id. 5, 11, 32:

leges,

conflicting, id. 3, 6, 43; Dig. 1, 3, 28: actiones, cross-suits, Gai Inst. 4, 174 al.:

latitudo quā contrariae quinqueremes commearent,

going in opposite directions, Suet. Ner. 31:

disputandum est de omni re in contrarias partis,

on both sides, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 158:

ex contrariā parte dicere,

id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:

in contrariam partem adferre aliquid,

id. de Or. 2, 53, 215 al. —

Esp., subst.: contrārĭum, ii, n., the opposite, contrary, reverse.

In gen.:

contrarium decernebat ac paulo ante decreverat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 120:

si ea rex vult, quae Thebanis sint utilia... sin autem contraria, etc.,

Nep. Epam. 4, 2:

dum vitant stulti vitia, in contraria currunt,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 24; cf.: diversaeque vocant animum in contraria curae, in opposite directions, Verg A. 12, 487:

ut auctoris sortem in contraria mutet,

Ov. M. 3, 329:

in contraria versus,

transformed, id. ib. 12, 179.—With gen.:

contraria earum (artium)... vitia quae sunt virtutum contraria,

Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67:

fidentiae contrarium est diffidentia,

id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. Quint. 5, 10, 49.—With dat.:

quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque exspectatis aut speret aut timeat,

Vell. 2, 75, 2: qui contraria Deo faciat, Lact. de Ira, 3, 3.—With quam:

qui contraria faciat quam Deus,

Lact. 3, 29, 13; Aug. Civ. Dei, 8, 24; Claud. in Eutr. 2, 267.—

As rhet. fig., the antithesis, contrast, opposite, Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42; Auct. Her. 4, 19, 27; Jul. Ruf. Schem. Lex. § 11.—

Adverb. phrases:

ex contrario,

on the conirary, on the other hand, Caes. B. G. 7, 30; Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 47; id. Inv. 2, 8, 25; Quint. 6, 1, 16:

e contrario,

Nep. Iphicr. 1, 4; id. Ham. 1, 2; id. Att. 9, 3; id. Eum. 1, 5 (al. contrario without e); Quint. 1, 5, 43;

rarely ex contrariis,

Quint. 8, 5, 9; 8, 5, 18; 10, 1, 19;

11, 3, 39 al.—In the same sense, but more rarely, in contrarium,

Plin. 18, 24, 54, § 197:

per contrarium,

Dig. 2, 4, 8, § 1; 2, 15, 8; 28, 1, 20 al.—

In partic.

Of weight: aes contrarium, weighed against, = antirropon, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64, 12 Müll.; cf. Scalig. ad Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30.—

Of hostile opposition, inimical, hostile, hurtful, pernicious, etc. (more rare than adversarius, and mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

contrariis dis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 70 Müll.:

Averna avibus cunctis,

dangerous, destructive, Lucr. 6, 741; cf.:

usus lactis capitis doloribus,

Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 130:

hyssopum stomacho,

id. 25, 11, 87, § 136:

quam (sc. perspicuitatem) quidam etiam contrariam interim putaverunt,

injurious, disadvantageous, Quint. 4, 2, 64 Spald.; cf.:

philosophia imperaturo,

Suet. Ner. 52:

exta,

unfavorable, id. Oth. 8:

saepe quos ipse alueris, Tibi inveniri maxime contrarios,

hostile, Phaedr. 4, 11, 17:

litora litoribus contraria, fluctibus undas Imprecor,

Verg. A. 4, 628; cf. id. ib. 7, 293.— Subst.: contrārĭus, ii, m., an opponent, antagonist; plur., Vitr. 3, praef. 2.— Adv.: con-trārĭē, in an opposite direction, in a different manner:

sidera procedentia,

Cic. Univ 9 med.:

scriptum,

id. Part. Or. 31, 108:

relata verba,

id. de Or. 2, 65, 263:

dicere,

Tac. Or. 34.

contrārĭus, a, um, adj. [contra], lying or being over against, opposite.

In gen.

Prop., of places (syn. adversus):

collis adversus huic et contrarius,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.:

contraria tigna iis (tignis),

id. ib. 4, 17, 5; and:

gemma soli,

Plin. 37, 9, 47, § 131:

contrario amne,

against the stream, id. 21, 12, 43, § 73:

tellus,

Ov. M. 1, 65; cf. id. ib. 13, 429:

ripa,

Dig. 41, 1, 65:

auris,

Plin. 24, 10, 47, § 77:

contraria vulnera ( = adversa vulnera),

in front, on the breast, Tac. H. 3, 84:

in contrarias partes fluere,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78; cf.:

tignis in contrariam partem revinctis,

Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.

. si pelles utriusque (hyaenae et pantherae) contrariae suspendantur,

Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 93:

contrario ictu uterque transfixus,

by a blow from the opposite direction, Liv. 2, 6, 9.— With inter se, Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 49.—With atque, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—Far more freq. and class. in prose and poetry,

Transf., of other objects.

In gen., opposite, contrary, opposed (syn. diversus); constr. with the gen., dat., inter se, atque, or absol.

With gen.:

hujus virtutis contraria est vitiositas,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34; id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67 Madv. N. cr.; Quint. 5, 10, 49 al.—

With dat.:

voluptas honestati,

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119:

fortuna rationi et constantiae,

id. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. Top. 11, 46 sq.:

vitium illi virtuti,

Quint. 11, 3, 44:

rusticitas urbanitati,

id. 6, 3, 17:

pes bacchio,

id. 9, 4, 102:

color albo,

Ov. M. 2, 541:

aestus vento,

id. ib. 8, 471 et saep. —

With inter se:

orationes inter se contrariae Aeschinis Demosthenisque,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 14; so id. de Or. 2, 55, 223; Quint. prooem. § 2; 1, 10, 6; 10, 1, 22.—

With atque:

versantur retro contrario motu atque caelum,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—

Absol.:

aut bono casu aut contrario,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis conflatum,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

ardor,

Lucr. 3, 252:

exemplum,

Quint. 5, 11, 7:

jus,

id. 5, 11, 32:

leges,

conflicting, id. 3, 6, 43; Dig. 1, 3, 28: actiones, cross-suits, Gai Inst. 4, 174 al.:

latitudo quā contrariae quinqueremes commearent,

going in opposite directions, Suet. Ner. 31:

disputandum est de omni re in contrarias partis,

on both sides, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 158:

ex contrariā parte dicere,

id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:

in contrariam partem adferre aliquid,

id. de Or. 2, 53, 215 al. —

Esp., subst.: contrārĭum, ii, n., the opposite, contrary, reverse.

In gen.:

contrarium decernebat ac paulo ante decreverat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 120:

si ea rex vult, quae Thebanis sint utilia... sin autem contraria, etc.,

Nep. Epam. 4, 2:

dum vitant stulti vitia, in contraria currunt,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 24; cf.: diversaeque vocant animum in contraria curae, in opposite directions, Verg A. 12, 487:

ut auctoris sortem in contraria mutet,

Ov. M. 3, 329:

in contraria versus,

transformed, id. ib. 12, 179.—With gen.:

contraria earum (artium)... vitia quae sunt virtutum contraria,

Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67:

fidentiae contrarium est diffidentia,

id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. Quint. 5, 10, 49.—With dat.:

quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque exspectatis aut speret aut timeat,

Vell. 2, 75, 2: qui contraria Deo faciat, Lact. de Ira, 3, 3.—With quam:

qui contraria faciat quam Deus,

Lact. 3, 29, 13; Aug. Civ. Dei, 8, 24; Claud. in Eutr. 2, 267.—

As rhet. fig., the antithesis, contrast, opposite, Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42; Auct. Her. 4, 19, 27; Jul. Ruf. Schem. Lex. § 11.—

Adverb. phrases:

ex contrario,

on the conirary, on the other hand, Caes. B. G. 7, 30; Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 47; id. Inv. 2, 8, 25; Quint. 6, 1, 16:

e contrario,

Nep. Iphicr. 1, 4; id. Ham. 1, 2; id. Att. 9, 3; id. Eum. 1, 5 (al. contrario without e); Quint. 1, 5, 43;

rarely ex contrariis,

Quint. 8, 5, 9; 8, 5, 18; 10, 1, 19;

11, 3, 39 al.—In the same sense, but more rarely, in contrarium,

Plin. 18, 24, 54, § 197:

per contrarium,

Dig. 2, 4, 8, § 1; 2, 15, 8; 28, 1, 20 al.—

In partic.

Of weight: aes contrarium, weighed against, = antirropon, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64, 12 Müll.; cf. Scalig. ad Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30.—

Of hostile opposition, inimical, hostile, hurtful, pernicious, etc. (more rare than adversarius, and mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

contrariis dis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 70 Müll.:

Averna avibus cunctis,

dangerous, destructive, Lucr. 6, 741; cf.:

usus lactis capitis doloribus,

Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 130:

hyssopum stomacho,

id. 25, 11, 87, § 136:

quam (sc. perspicuitatem) quidam etiam contrariam interim putaverunt,

injurious, disadvantageous, Quint. 4, 2, 64 Spald.; cf.:

philosophia imperaturo,

Suet. Ner. 52:

exta,

unfavorable, id. Oth. 8:

saepe quos ipse alueris, Tibi inveniri maxime contrarios,

hostile, Phaedr. 4, 11, 17:

litora litoribus contraria, fluctibus undas Imprecor,

Verg. A. 4, 628; cf. id. ib. 7, 293.— Subst.: contrārĭus, ii, m., an opponent, antagonist; plur., Vitr. 3, praef. 2.— Adv.: con-trārĭē, in an opposite direction, in a different manner:

sidera procedentia,

Cic. Univ 9 med.:

scriptum,

id. Part. Or. 31, 108:

relata verba,

id. de Or. 2, 65, 263:

dicere,

Tac. Or. 34.

ex-cĭdo, cĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall out or down, to fall from (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense).

Lit.

In gen.: quod (animal) cum ex utero elapsum excidit, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128:

sol excidisse mihi e mundo videtur,

id. Att. 9, 10, 3:

gladii de manibus exciderunt,

id. Pis. 9 fin.; cf. id. Phil. 12, 3, 8; id. Cat. 1, 6 fin.;

for which also: inter manus (urna),

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 22; and:

a digitis (ansa),

Ov. H. 16, 252:

Palinurus exciderat puppi,

Verg. A. 6, 339; cf.

arce,

Ov. F. 5, 34:

equis,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 1164:

num qui nummi exciderunt, here, tibi, quod sic terram Obtuere?

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 17; cf. id. Cist. 4, 2, 8; id. Merc. 3, 1, 44; id. Poen. 1, 2, 48:

volvae excidunt,

Plin. 36, 21, 39, § 151.— Poet.:

ita vinclis Excidet aut in aquas tenues dilapsus abibit,

will slip out of the fetters, Verg. G. 4, 410:

in flumen (elephanti, sc. e rate),

Liv. 21, 28 fin.:

cum Herculis pertractanti arma sagitta excidisset in pedem,

Plin. 25, 6, 30, § 66:

ante pedes (lingua resecta),

Ov. Ib. 536.—

In partic., of a lot, to fall of come out (very rare):

ut cujusque sors exciderat,

Liv. 21, 42, 3;

and hence, transf.: nominibus in urnam conjectis, citari quod primum sorte nomen excidit,

id. 23, 3, 7.

Trop.

In gen., to fall out involuntarily, fall from, slip out, escape:

verbum ex ore alicujus,

Cic. Sull. 26; cf.:

vox excidit ore: Venisti tandem, etc.,

Verg. A. 6, 686:

tantumque nefas patrio excidit ore?

id. ib. 2, 658; cf.:

scelus ore tuo,

Ov. M. 7, 172:

quod verbum tibi non excidit, ut saepe fit, fortuito,

Cic. Phil. 10, 2 fin.; cf. Quint. 6, 3, 23; 7, 2, 52; 9, 4, 41 al.:

libellus me imprudente et invito excidit,

escaped me without my knowledge or desire, Cic. de Or. 1, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 5:

vox horrenda per auras excidit,

Verg. A. 9, 113:

et pariter vultusque deo plectrumque colorque Excidit,

Ov. M. 2, 602; cf. id. ib. 4, 176:

ut quodammodo victoria e manibus excideret,

Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 10, 2:

(versus) qui in breves excidunt,

i. e. which close, terminate, Quint. 9, 4, 106.— Poet.: in vitium libertas excidit, qs. falls away, sinks, = delabitur, Hor. A. P. 282.—

In partic.

To dissent, differ from any one's opinion: ego ab Archilocho excido, Lucil. ap. Non. 301, 18.—

To pass away, be lost, perish, disappear:

neque enim verendum est, ne quid excidat aut ne quid in terram defluat,

Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

primo miser excidit aevo,

Prop. 3, 7, 7 (4, 6, 7 M.):

nec vera virtus, cum semel excidit, etc.,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 30:

at non ingenio quaesitum nomen ab aevo Excidet,

Prop. 3, 2, 24 (4, 1, 64 M.):

excidit omnis luctus,

Ov. M. 8, 448:

ne Tarentinae quidem arcis excidit memoria,

Liv. 27, 3 fin.; cf. the foll.—Esp.

To fail, faint, swoon, lose one's self:

excidit illa metu, rupitque novissima verba,

Ov. A. A. 1, 5, 39; cf.: ut scias quemadmodum nunquam excidam mihi, lose control of myself (through drink), Sen. de Ira, 3, 14, 1:

quis me dolori reddit? quam bene excideram mihi!

Sen. Hippol. 589 sq. —

To slip out, escape from the memory:

excidere de memoria,

Liv. 29, 19 fin.:

exciderat pacis mentio ex omnium animis,

id. 34, 37; cf.

animo,

Verg. A. 1, 26; Ov. H. 20, 188;

and pectore,

id. Pont. 2, 4, 24:

o miram memoriam, Pomponi, tuam! at mihi ista exciderant,

Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 46; so with dat.:

quae cogitatio, cum mihi non omnino excidisset, etc.,

id. Fam. 5, 13, 2; id. Att. 6, 1, 7; Quint. 4, 5, 4; 10, 1, 75; Prop. 3 (4), 24, 20; 4 (5), 7, 15 et saep.; cf. with a subjectclause:

non excidit mihi, scripsisse me, etc.,

Quint. 2, 3, 10.— Absol.:

quid? non haec varietas mira est, excidere proxima, vetera inhaerere? hesternorum immemores acta pueritiae recordari,

id. 11, 2, 6; 1, 12, 6; 4, 2, 91; 4, 5, 2; cf. with inf. clause:

si calore dicendi vitare id excidisset,

id. 11, 3, 130; and with ut:

excidit, ut peterem, etc.,

i. e. I forgot to beg, Ov. M. 14, 139.—Rarely transf. to the person:

excidens,

who forgets, forgetful, Quint. 11, 2, 19:

palam moneri excidentis est,

id. 11, 3, 132.—

(Ex) aliquā re, of persons, to be deprived of, to lose, miss, forfeit (esp. freq. since the Aug. per.;

in Cic. not at all): ex familia,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 104:

uxore,

to be disappointed of, Ter. And. 2, 5, 12:

regno,

Curt. 10, 5:

quem si non tenuit, magnis tamen excidit ausis,

failed in a great attempt, Ov. M. 2, 328; cf.:

fine medicinae,

Quint. 2, 17, 25:

genere,

id. 1, 5, 16: qui apud privatos judices plus petendo formula excidissent, i. e. who lost their suits (for the usual cadere formulā or [p. 677] causā;

v. cado, II.),

Suet. Claud. 14; Sen. Clem. 2, 3.

ex-cīdo, īdi, īsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut out or off, to hew out, to cut or hew down (class.).

Lit.:

lapides e terra,

Cic. Off. 2, 3 fin.:

omnes arbores longe lateque,

Caes. B. C. 2, 15, 1; cf.:

excisa enim est arbor, non evulsa,

Cic. Att. 15, 4, 2: exciditur ilex (with percellunt magnas quercus), Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. 194 ed. Vahl.):

arborem e stirpe,

Dig. 43, 27, 1:

ericium,

Caes. B. C. 3, 67 fin.:

radicem,

Plin. 17, 11, 16, § 82:

columnas rupibus,

Verg. A. 1, 428; cf.:

rubos arvis,

Quint. 9, 4, 5: linguam alicui, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 1 fin.:

partum mulieri,

Dig. 11, 8, 2:

os,

Cels. 8, 3:

virilitatem,

i. e. to castrate, geld, Quint. 5, 12, 17;

for which also, se,

Ov. F. 4, 361; cf. Dig. 48, 8, 4 fin.:

vias per montes,

Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 125:

latus rupis in antrum,

Verg. A. 6, 42; cf.:

vasa anaglypta in asperitatem,

i. e. wrought with raised figures, Plin. 33, 11, 49, § 139: exciderat eum (sc. obeliscum) rex, majusque opus in devehendo statuendove multo quam in excidendo, i. e. cut out in the quarry, Plin. 36, 8, 14, § 67; absol., id. ib. § 65.—

Transf., in gen., to raze, demolish, lay waste, destroy:

qui domos inimicorum suorum oppugnavit, excidit, incendit,

Cic. Sest. 44:

Numantiam,

id. Off. 1. 22, 76; cf.

Trojam,

Verg. A. 2, 637:

urbem,

id. ib. 12, 762:

oppida,

Lact. 1, 18, 8:

Germaniam,

Vell. 2, 123 fin.:

agrum,

id. 2, 115:

exercitum,

i. e. to cut to pieces, annihilate, id. 2, 120, 3.—

Trop., to extirpate, remove, banish:

aliquid ex animo,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43; cf.:

iram animis, Sen. de Ira, 3, 1: aliquem numero civium,

Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 6.

haerĕo, haesi, haesum, 2, v. n. [etym. dub.], to hang or hold fast, to hang, stick, cleave, cling, adhere, be fixed, sit fast, remain close to any thing or in any manner (class. and very freq., esp. in the trop. sense; cf. pendeo); usually constr. with in, the simple abl. or absol., less freq. with dat., with ad, sub, ex, etc.

Lit.:

ut videamus, terra penitusne defixa sit, et quasi radicibus suis haereat, an media pendeat?

Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 122; so,

terra ima sede semper haeret,

id. Rep. 6, 18:

linguam ad radices ejus haerens excipit stomachus,

id. N. D. 2, 54, 135:

scalarum gradus male haerentes,

holding, adhering, id. Fam. 6, 7, 3; cf.:

haerent parietibus scalae,

Verg. A. 2, 442:

haerere in equo,

sit fast, keep his seat, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28;

for which: nescit equo rudis Haerere ingenuus puer,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 55:

male laxus In pede calceus haeret,

id. S. 1, 3, 32; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 144:

haeret nonnumquam telum illud occultum,

id. 9, 2, 75:

pugnus in mala haeret,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 17:

haesitque in corpore ferrum,

Verg. A. 11, 864;

for which: tergo volucres haesere sagittae,

id. ib. 12, 415; cf.:

scindat haerentem coronam crinibus,

Hor. C. 1, 17, 27; and:

haerentem capiti cum multa laude coronam,

id. S. 1, 10, 49:

carinae,

Ov. M. 8, 144:

alae,

id. ib. 12, 570:

(fames) utero haeret meo,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 16:

haeret pede pes,

Verg. A. 10, 361:

ubi demisi retem atque hamum, quicquid haesit, extraho,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 45; cf.:

os devoratum fauce cum haereret lupi,

Phaedr. 1, 8, 4; and:

graves currus illuvie et voraginibus haerebant,

Curt. 8, 4:

classis in vado haerebat,

id. 9, 19:

haerentes adverso litore naves,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 205:

gremioque in Jasonis haerens,

Ov. M. 7, 66; cf.:

haeret in complexu liberorum,

Quint. 6, 1, 42;

for which: Avidisque amplexibus haerent,

Ov. M. 7, 143;

cupide in Veneris compagibus haerent,

Lucr. 4, 1113;

for which: validis Veneris compagibus haerent,

id. 4, 1204; and:

(anulus) caecis in eo (lapide) compagibus haesit,

id. 6, 1016:

communibus inter se radicibus haerent,

id. 3, 325; 5, 554:

foliis sub omnibus haerent (Somnia),

Verg. A. 6, 284:

gladius intra vaginam suam haerens,

Quint. 8 praef. §

15: ipse inter media tela hostium evasit. Duo turmae haesere,

i. e. failed to break through, Liv. 29, 33, 7:

alii globo illati haerebant,

id. 22, 5, 5.—

Prov.

Haerere in luto, i. e. to be in trouble, difficulty:

tali in luto haerere,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 66 (for [p. 838] which:

nunc homo in medio luto est,

id. Ps. 4, 2, 28); cf. haesito, I.—In salebra: proclivi currit oratio: venit ad extremum: haeret in salebra, runs aground, i. e. is at a loss, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84.—In a like sense,

Aqua haeret, the water (in the waterclock) stops; v. aqua.

Trop.

In gen., to hold fast, remain attached or fixed, to keep firm, adhere:

improbis semper aliqui scrupus in animis haereat,

Cic. Rep. 3, 16; cf.:

infixus animo haeret dolor,

id. Phil. 2, 26, 64:

haerent infixi pectore vultus,

Verg. A. 4, 4:

haerere in memoria,

Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2; cf.:

quae mihi in visceribus haerent,

i. e. firmly impressed upon my heart, memory, id. Att. 6, 1, 8; and:

in medullis populi Romani ac visceribus haerere,

id. Phil. 1, 15, 36:

mihi haeres in medullis,

id. Fam. 15, 16, 2:

in omnium gentium sermonibus ac mentibus semper haerere,

id. Cat. 4, 10, 22:

hi in oculis haerebunt,

i. e. will be always present, id. Phil. 13, 3, 5:

in te omnis haeret culpa,

adheres, cleaves, Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 32:

ut peccatum haereat, non in eo, qui monuerit, sed in eo, qui non obtemperarit,

Cic. Div. 1, 16, 30.—With dat.:

potest hoc homini huic haerere peccatum?

Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 17:

quod privatarum rerum dedecus non haeret infamiae (tuae)?

id. Cat. 1, 6, 13:

in quo (Caelio) crimen non haerebat,

id. Cael. 7, 15:

neque (possit) haerere in tam bona causa tam acerba injuria,

id. Fam. 6, 5, 2: cum ante illud facetum dictum emissum haerere debeat, quam cogitari potuisse videatur, must have hit (the figure being that of an arrow shot from the bow), id. de Or. 2, 54, 219: in quos incensos ira vitamque domini desperantes cum incidisset, haesit in iis poenis, quas, etc., fell into, incurred those penalties (the figure is that of a bird which is limed, caught), id. Mil. 21, 56:

nec dubie repetundarum criminibus haerebant,

Tac. A. 4, 19: in hoc flexu quasi aetatis fama adolescentis paulum haesit ad metas, hung back, was caught (the figure being taken from the race-course), Cic. Cael. 31, 75;

v. meta: neu quid medios intercinat actus, Quod non proposito conducat et haereat apte,

i. e. fits, suits, Hor. A. P. 195.—

In partic.

With the idea of nearness predominating, to keep near or close to a person, to join or attach one's self to, to follow (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

perfice hoc Precibus, pretio, ut haeream in parte aliqua tandem apud Thaidem,

may keep about her, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 25; cf.:

ego illum audivi in amorem haerere apud nescio quam fidicinam,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 7:

haeres ad latus, omnia experiris,

Cat. 21, 6:

Antorem comitem, qui missus ab Argis, Haeserat Evandro,

Verg. A. 10, 780:

obtinenti Africam comes haeserat,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 2; Quint. 1, 2, 10:

Curtius Nicia (grammaticus) haesit Cn. Pompeio et C. Memmio,

Suet. Gramm. 14.— Poet.:

haeremus cuncti superis, temploque tacente Nil facimus non sponte deo,

cling to, depend on, Luc. 9, 573.—Hence,

In a bad sense: in tergis, tergis, in tergo, to hang upon one's rear, i. e. to pursue closely:

haerebit in tergis fugientium victor,

Curt. 4, 15 fin.:

se cum exercitu tergis eorum haesurum,

Tac. H. 4, 19:

Haerens in tergo Romanus,

Liv. 1, 14 11 Weissenb. (better than terga, the lect. vulg.).—

With the idea of duration in time predominating, to remain fixed, to abide or continue anywhere, to keep at, stick to any thing (class.):

metui, ne haereret hic (Athenis),

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 49:

in obsidione castelli exigui,

Curt. 5, 3, 4:

circa muros unius urbis,

id. 4, 4; cf.:

circa libidines,

Suet. Aug. 71: volitare in foro, haerere in jure ac praetorum tribulibus, to go loitering or dangling about, Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 173: et siccis vultus in nubibus haerent, hang upon, i. e. remain long looking at, Luc. 4, 331; cf.:

vultus, dum crederet, haesit,

id. 9, 1036:

haerere in eadem commorarique sententia,

Cic. Or. 40, 137; cf.:

mea ratio in dicendo haec esse solet, ut boni quod habeat, id amplectar, ibi habitem, ibi haeream,

id. de Or. 2, 72, 292:

quonam modo ille in bonis haerebit et habitabit suis?

id. Or. 15, 49:

equidem in libris haereo,

id. Att. 13, 40, 2; cf.:

valde in scribendo haereo,

id. ib. 13, 39, 2:

plurima sunt, nitidis maculam haesuram figentia rebus,

lasting, durable, Juv. 14, 2.—

With the idea of hindrance to free motion predominating, to stick fast, be brought to a stand-still, to be embarrassed, perplexed, at a loss, to hesitate, to be suspended or retarded (class.).

Of persons:

haerebat nebulo: quo se verteret, non habebat,

Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 74; cf.:

haerebat in tabulis publicis reus et accusator,

id. Clu. 31, 86:

cogitate in his iniquitatibus unum haesisse Apollonium: ceteros profecto multos ex his incommodis pecunia se liberasse,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 9, § 23:

in multis nominibus,

id. N. D. 3, 24, 62:

in media stultitia,

id. Tusc. 3, 28, 70; cf.:

isti physici raro admodum, cum haerent aliquo loco, exclamant, abstrusa esse omnia, etc.,

id. Ac. 2, 5, 14:

in quo etiam Democritus haeret,

id. Fin. 1, 6, 20:

at in altero illo, inquit, haeres. Immo habeo tibi gratiam. Haererem enim, nisi tu me expedisses,

id. Pis. 30, 74:

in ceteris subvenies, si me haerentem videbis,

id. Fin. 3, 4, 16:

quid machiner? quid comminiscar? haereo,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 17; id. Merc. 3, 4, 15; 4, 3, 38; 24; cf.:

aut quia non firmus rectum defendis et haeres,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 26:

haesit circa formas litterarum (puer),

Quint. 1, 1, 21; cf. id. 1, 7, 35:

haeres et dubitas,

Juv. 3, 135; 6, 281.—

Of things:

nunc homo in lutost. Nomen nescit: haeret haec res,

i. e. is perplexing, cannot be explained, Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 28; id. Amph. 2, 2, 182; id. Trin. 4, 2, 59; cf.: occisa est haec res;

haeret hoc negotium,

id. Ps. 1, 5, 8:

nec umquam tanta fuerit loquendi facultas, ut non titubet atque haereat, quotiens ab animo verba dissentiunt,

Quint. 12, 1, 29:

Hectoris Aeneaeque manu victoria Graiūm Haesit,

i. e. was retarded, Verg. A. 11, 290; cf.:

constitit hic bellum fortunaque Caesaris haesit,

Luc. 7, 547:

cum in hac difficultate rerum consilium haereret,

Liv. 26, 36, 1.

līs, lītis (old form stlis, stlitis, like stlocus for locus; cf. Quint. 1, 4, 16), f. [root star-, in sterno; cf. Germ. streiten, to contend], a strife, dispute, quarrel.

In gen.:

si quis pugnam expectat, litis contrahat,

Plaut. Capt. prol. 63:

philosophi aetatem in litibus conterunt,

Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53:

grammatici certant et adhuc sub judice lis est,

Hor. A. P. 78:

morsus litibus alternis dati,

Prop. 4 (5), 5, 39:

semper habet lites alternaque jurgia lectus In quo nupta jacet,

Juv. 6, 268.— Transf., of inanimate things:

lis est cum formā magna pudicitiae,

Ov. H. 16, 288; id. F. 1, 107.—

In partic.

A charge, an accusation:

accipito hanc tute ad te litem... Fac ego ne metuam mihi, atque ut tu meam timeas vicem,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 23. —

A lawsuit, an action or process at law:

nam mihi tris hodie litis judicandas dicito,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 10: hodie juris coctiores [p. 1071] non sunt, qui litis creant, Quam sunt hice, qui, si nihil est litium, litis serunt, id. Poen. 3, 2, 9 sq.; Cic. de Or. 3, 28, 109:

repetere ac persequi lite atque judicio aliquid,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 13, § 32:

litem alicui intendere,

id. de Or. 1, 10, 42:

in inferendis litibus,

id. Rab. Post. 4, 10:

contestari,

id. Att. 16, 15, 2:

obtinere aut amittere,

id. Rosc. Com. 4, 10:

orare,

id. Off. 3. 10, 43:

sedare,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132:

secare,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 42:

perdere,

Gai. Inst. 4, 30:

in litibus aestimandis,

in suits for damages, Cic. Clu. 41, 116; id. Rab. Post. 4, 9:

lis capitis,

a prosecution involving life, a capital charge, id. Clu. 41, 116:

aestimationem litium non esse judicium,

an appraisal of damages, id. ib.; cf. id. Rab. Post. 5, 11:

cum in eum litis aestimares,

id. ib. 5, 12:

quod vulgo dicitur, e lege Julia litem anno et sex mensibus mori,

Gai. Inst. 4, 104.—

In the phrase: litem suam facere, to make the cause his own, said,

Litem suam facere, of an advocate who neglects the cause of his client and seeks his own advantage:

quid, si cum pro altero dicas, litem tuam facias?

Cic. de Or. 2, 75, 305.—

Also of a judge who, out of favor or through bribery, pronounces an unjust sentence, or who turns aside from the questions strictly before him to express his own opinions or feelings through the judgment: debet enim judex attendere, ut cum certae pecuniae condemnatio posita sit, neque majoris neque minoris summa petita nummo condemnet, alioquin litem suam facit;

item si taxatio posita sit, ne pluris condemnet quam taxatum sit, alias enim similiter litem suam facit,

Gai. Inst. 2, 52:

si judex litem suam fecerit,

Dig. 44, 7, 4, § 4; cf. ib. 5, 1, 15; so, trop.: nam et Varro satis aperte, quid dicere oporteret, edocuit;

et ego adversus eum, qui doctus esse dicebatur, litem meam facere absens nolui,

Gell. 10, 1.—

Also of a judge who does not appear on the day appointed: inde ad comitium vadunt, ne litem suam faciant, C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—

The subject of an action at law, the matter in dispute:

quibus res erat in controversia, ea vocabatur lis,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 93 Müll.:

illud mihi mirum videri solet, tot homines statuere non potuisse, utrum rem an litem dici oporteret,

Cic. Mur. 12, 27:

lites severe aestimatae,

id. ib. 20, 42:

quo minus secundum eas tabulas lis detur, non recusamus,

id. Rosc. Com. 1, 3:

de tota lite pactionem facere,

id. ib. 14, 40:

in suam rem litem vertere,

Liv. 3, 72:

litem lite resolvere,

to explain one obscure thing by another equally so, Hor. S. 2, 3, 103.

pĕtītor, ōris, m. [peto].

In gen., a seeker, striver after any thing ( poet.):

famae,

Luc. 1, 131.—

In partic.

Polit. t. t., an applicant or candidate for an office (very rare for candidatus; not in Cic.), Scip. Afric. ap. Macr. S. 2, 10:

e petitoribus non alios adjuvare aut ad honorem pati pervenire,

Suet. Caes. 23:

hic generosior Descendat in campum petitor,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 10.—

Judicial t. t., a claimant, plaintiff, in private or civil suits (whereas he who prefers the complaint in a criminal case is termed accusator;

class.): quis erat petitor? Fannius: quis reus? Flavius,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 42:

petitoris personam capere, accusatoris deponere,

id. Quint. 13, 45; Gai. Inst. 4, 94 et saep.—

A suitor, wooer (post-class.), App M. 4, p. 309 Oud.; Sen. Fragm. § 39 Haas; Cod. Th. 3, 7, 1; Ambros. in Luc. 8, 70 fin. —

In late Lat.:

MILITIAE,

a recruiting officer, Inscr. Grut. 531, 10; ib. Murat. 788, 7; 794, 7.

rĕd-ĭmo, ēmi, emptum, 3, v. a. [emo].

To buy back, repurchase (freq. and class.; syn.: recupero, reparo).

In gen.:

eam (domum) non minoris, quam emit Antonius, redimet,

Cic. Phil. 13, 5, 10:

neque adeo hasce emi mihi — illi redemi rursum,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 145:

aut emendum sibi quod non habebat, aut redimendum quod habebat,

Cic. Sest. 30, 66:

de fundo redimendo,

id. Att. 11, 13, 4:

orabo, ut mihi pallam reddat, quam dudum dedi, Aliam illi redimam meliorem,

will buy in return, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 115; 4, 3, 6; cf. Plin. 6, 28, 32, § 162.—

In partic., to buy back, ransom, release, redeem a prisoner, slave, etc.: Li. Tu redimes me, si me hostes interceperint? De. Redimam, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 93; Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 29:

ut is homo redimatur illi,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 91; cf. id. Merc. 3, 1, 31:

captos, captivos ab hoste, a praedonibus, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 16, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 90; cf.:

haec benignitas, redimi e servitute captos,

id. Off. 2, 18, 63; Plaut. Pers. 4, 6, 14:

servi in publicum redempti ac manumissi,

ransomed, liberated at public cost, Liv. 26, 27:

me raptum pugnā pretiove redemptum Mandere humo,

Verg. A. 9, 213; Ov. H. 3, 39; id. Am. 1, 8, 63. — Hence,

In gen., to buy off from any thing; to set free, release, rescue:

aliquem a piratis publicā civitatium pecuniā,

Vell. 2, 42, 3:

pecuniā se a judicibus, palam redemerat,

Cic. Mil. 32, 87; cf.:

se ab inquisitoribus pecuniā,

Suet. Caes. 1:

se a Gallis auro,

Liv. 22, 59:

se a cane,

Petr. 72 fin.:

se ab invidiā fortunae,

Plin. 37, 1, 2, § 3:

aliquem suo sanguine ab Acheronte,

Nep. Dion, 10, 2; cf.:

fratrem Pollux alternā morte redemit,

Verg. A. 6, 121:

corpus (sc. a morbo),

Ov. R. Am. 229:

redimite armis civitatem, quam auro majores vestri redemerunt,

Liv. 9, 4, 9; 15, 34, 5: so,

redemit Dominus Jacob,

Vulg. Jer. 31, 11; id. 1 Pet. 1, 18 et saep. —

Lit.

In gen. (rare):

statim redemi fundos omnes, qui patroni mei fuerant,

Petr. 7:

essedum sumptuose fabricatum,

Suet. Claud. 16:

libros suppressos,

id. Gram. 8.—

Of persons, to hire, bribe:

auditores conducti et redempti,

Plin. Ep. 2, 14, 4; so,

plausor redemptus,

Petr. 5, 8:

tutor aut curator redemptus,

Cod. Just. 5, 1, 4:

aemuli corrupti ac redempti,

ib. 10, 54.— More freq. and class.,

In partic., a mercant. and jurid. t. t., to take or undertake by contract; to hire, farm, etc.:

Dumnorigem portoria reliquaque omnia Aeduorum vectigalia parvo pretio redempta habere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Varr. L. L. 6, § 92 Müll.; cf.:

picarias de censoribus,

Cic. Brut. 22, 85:

opus,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 141:

istum eripiendum,

id. ib. 2, 1, 11, §

31: vestimenta texenda vel insulam, vel navem fabricandam,

Dig. 7, 8, 12 fin.:

litem,

to undertake, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 35.— Esp., in law, t. t., to undertake the risk of a suit for a consideration (which was held dishonorable;

opp. to the authorized stipulation of a fee): litem te redemisse contra bonos mores,

Cod. Just. 2, 12, 15; cf.

also: redimit eventum litium majoris pecuniae praemio contra bonos mores (procurator),

Dig. 17, 1, 7:

qui alios actionum suarum redimunt exactores,

i. e. who engage persons to undertake their suits in their own names, Cod. Just. 2, 13, 2; so ib. 2, 13, 1; cf., respecting redimere litem, Mühlenbruch, Die Lehre von der Cession, p. 362 sq.—

Trop., to buy, purchase.

To gain, acquire, obtain, procure any thing desirable:

ut ab eo (praetore) servorum sceleris conjurationisque damnatorum vita vel ipso carnifice internuncio redimeretur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 14:

ego vitam omnium civium... quinque hominum amentium ac perditorum poenā redemi,

id. Sull. 11, 33: non vitam liberum sed mortis celeritatem pretio, id. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 119:

sepeliendi potestatem pretio,

id. ib.:

pacem sibi sempiternam,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11, § 34:

pacem Ariovisti ne obsidibus quidem datis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 37:

pacem ab aliquo,

Just. 43, 5, 9:

omnium gratiam atque amicitiam ejus morte,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44 fin.:

militum voluntates largitione,

id. B. C. 1, 39:

primo tantummodo belli moram,

Sall. J. 29, 3:

neve auro redimat jus triste sepulcri,

Ov. M. 13, 472:

mutuam dissimulationem mali,

Tac. Agr. 6:

quidquid homines vel vitā aestimant vel morte redimunt,

Curt. 5, 5, 18; 5, 9, 3.—

To buy off, i. e. to ward off, obviate, avert an evil:

quam (acerbitatem) ego a re publicā meis privatis et domesticis incommodis libentissime redemissem,

Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 4:

haec vero, quae vel vitā redimi recte possunt, aestimare pecuniā non queo,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 9, § 23:

qui se uno quaestu decumarum omnia sua pericula redempturum esse dicebat,

id. ib. 2, 3, 19, §

49: metum virgarum pretio,

id. ib. 2, 5, 44, §

117: ignominiam assiduo labore,

Front. Strat. 4, 1, 21:

bellum ab Illyriis pactā mercede redimere,

Just. 7, 5, 1; cf.

bella,

id. 6, 1, 6; 7, 5, 1; 7, 6, 5:

si mea mors redimenda tuā esset,

Ov. P. 3, 1, 105; cf.:

nec te pugnantem tua forma redemit,

id. M. 12, 393:

qui delatorem redemit,

has bought off, hushed up, Dig. 49, 14, 29.—

To pay for; to make amends, atone, compensate for a wrong:

flagitium aut facinus redimere,

Sall. C. 14, 3:

multa desidiae crimina morte,

Vell. 2, 87 Ruhnk.:

nullam congiario culpam,

Plin. Pan. 28, 2; cf. simply culpam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8:

vitium auctore (sc. Jove),

Ov. H. 17, 49:

sua perjuria per nostram poenam,

id. Am. 3, 3, 21.—

Of one's word or promise, to redeem, keep:

verba sua,

Sen. Ben. 4, 36, 1.

sē-lĭgo, lēgi. lectum, 3, v. a. [se-lego].

In gen. separate by culling out; to choose out, cul select (rare but class.;

syn.: eligo, deligo), nec vero utetur imprudenter hac copia (communium locorum), sed omnia expendet et seliget,

Cic. Or. 15, 47:

exempla,

id. ib. 29, 103; id. Fin. 3, 6, 22 Orell. and Otto N. cr.: ex quo (commentario) tu, quae digna sunt, selige, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 4; Ov. Am. 3, 11, 49; App. M. 10, p. 245, 10:

selectae sententiae,

Cic. N. D. 1, 30, 85:

(Romulus) selecta pectora Patres dixit,

Ov. F. 5, 71.—

In partic.

Judices selecti, the judges in criminal suits selected by the prœtor, Cic. Clu. 43, 121; id. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 32; Hor. S. 1, 4, 123; Ov. Tr. 2, 132; id. Am. 1, 10, 38:

non potest ad haec sumi judex ex turbā selectorum,

Sen. Ben. 3, 7, 7; cf. also Plin. 33, 2, 7, § 31.—

Di selecti, acc. to Varro, the following twenty Roman deities (twelve male and eight female): Deos selectos esse Janum, Jovem, Saturnum, Genium, Mercurium, Apollinem, Martem, Vulcanum, Neptunum, Solem, Orcum, Liberum patrem, Tellurem, Cererem, Junonem, Lunam, Dianam, Minervam, Venerem, Vestam, Varr. ap. Aug. Civ. Dei, 7, 2 sq.; cf. Aug. Civ. Dei, 7, 33. The sixteenth book of Varro's Antiquitates rerum divinarum treats of the di selecti; cf. Becker, Antiq. 4, p. 24 sq.

sponsĭo, ōnis, f. [spondeo], jurid. and publicists' t. t., a solemn promise or engagement to some performance (in bargains, covenants, treaties, etc.); a promise, guarantee, security, sponsion for any one (freq. and class.; cf.: pactio, foedus).

In gen.:

sponsio appellatur omnis stipulatio promissioque,

Dig. 50, 16, 7:

voti sponsio, quā obligamur deo,

Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 41:

Scandilium cogis sponsionem acceptam facere,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 139:

per inducias sponsionem faciunt, uti, etc.,

made an agreement, Sall. J. 79, 4:

non foedere pax Caudina sed per sponsionem facta est,

by giving surety, Liv. 9, 5, 2:

sponsione se obstringere,

id. 9, 8, 4:

sponsionem interponere,

id. 9, 9, 4; and:

tunc sponsio et pax repudietur... nec populus Romanus consulum sponsionem nec nos fidem populi Romani accusemus,

id. 9, 11, 5:

Ocriculani sponsione in amicitiam accepti,

id. 9, 41, 20; 39, 43, 5 (but Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 26, is spurious; v. Ritschl ad h. l.).—

In partic., in civil suits, a mutual agreement or stipulation of the parties, that he who loses should pay a certain sum to him who gains the cause, a sort of wager at law: per sponsionem hoc modo agimus;

provocamus adversarium tali sponsione: si homo quo de agitur ex jure Quiritium meus est, sestertios XXV. nummos dare spondes?

Gai. Inst. 4, 93:

condicio Quintio fertur, ut, si id factum negaret ceteraque, quae objecisset, sponsione defenderet sese,

Liv. 39, 43, 5:

in probrum suum sponsionem factam,

id. 40, 46, 14; hence, sponsio (sponsionem facere) si non (ni), a wager that, to agree to make a payment if not:

ut sponsionem facere possent, ni adversus edictum praetoris vis facta esset,

Cic. Caecin. 16, 45:

sponsio est, ni te Apronius socium in decumis esse dicat,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 59, § 135:

sponsionem milium nummūm facere cum lictore suo, ni furtis quaestum faceret,

id. ib. 2, 5, 54, § 131; cf.:

jubet Quinctium sponsionem cum Sex. Naevio facere, si bona sua ex edicto dies XXX. possessa non essent,

id. Quint. 8, 30; id. Fam. 7, 21 init.; id. Pis. 23, 55:

sponsione optime facere posse,

id. Caecin. 16, 45; id. Off. 3, 19, 77:

Apronium sponsione lacessivit,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132:

sponsione vincere,

id. Quint. 27, 84.—Post-class., with quod:

de sponsione quam is cum adversario, quod vir bonus esset, fecerat,

Val. Max. 7, 2, 4:

sponsionem provocare, quod, etc.,

id. 2, 8, 2; 6, 1, 10.—With acc. and inf.:

Cleopatra sponsione revocavit, insumere se posse, etc.,

Macr. S. 2, 13.—

Hence, in gen., a bet, betting:

audax,

Juv. 11, 202.—

Meton., a sum of money deposited according to agreement, a stake, acc. to Varr L. L. 6, § 70 Müll.