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1 καυλός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `shaft, stalk, quillpart of a feather' (Il.; on the botan. a. anatom. meaning Strömberg Theophrastea 95ff. und 49).Compounds: Often as 2. member, e. g. μονό-καυλος (Thphr.; Strömberg 104f.), rarely as 1. member, a. o. in καυλο-κινάρα `the shaft of the artichoke' (Gp.; s. Strömberg Wortstudien 7).Derivatives: Two diminut.: καυλίον (Arist.), καυλίσκος (J., D. S., Dsc.); καυλεῖον = καυλός (Nic.; after ἀγγεῖον a. o.); καυλίας `sap of the shaft' (Thphr.; as ῥιζίας `root-sap', cf. Strömberg Theophrastea 91, Chantraine Formation 94f.); καυλίνης fish-name = χλωρὸς κωβιός (Diph. Siph. ap. Ath. 8, 355c; after the colour, Strömberg Fischnamen 26; formation like Αἰσχίνης); καυλικός, καυλώδης `stem-like' (Thphr.), καύλινος `consisting of a shaft' (Luc.), καυλωτός `with a stem' (Eudem. Phil. IVa; as αὑλωτός etc.); καυληδόν `shaft for shaft' (Opp.). Denomin. verb καυλίζομαι `have a shaft' (Ar. Fr. 404). δικαυλέω `have two shafts', ἐκκαυλέω `grow out in one shaft' with ἐκκαύλησις, - ημα, ἐκκαυλίζω `remove the shaft' (Thphr.) from virtual *δι-καυλος, *ἔκ-καυλος etc. and ( καυλέω only Suid.).Etymology: Old inherited word, also in Latin and in Baltic: Lat. caulis m. `shaft' (i-stem sec., s. Leumann Lat. Gramm. 232); Lith. káulas `bone, cube', Latv. kaũls `id.', also `shaft', Pruss. caulan `bone'; derived MIr. cuaille `pole' (\< *kaulīni̯o-). Not to Skt. kulyā́ `ditch, canal' and Germ. word for `hollow, hohl', ONord. holr, Goth. us-hulōn `hollow out'. See W.-Hofmann s. caulis and Fraenkel s. káulas.Page in Frisk: 1,802-803Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καυλός
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2 στελεά
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `shaft of an axe, hack, hammer etc.' (- ειή φ 422 and - εά Aen. Tact. `cavity for the shaft' after Bérard REGr. 68, 8f. and Pocock AmJPh 82, 346ff. with Eust., H. and EM).Other forms: - εή (A. R.), στειλειή (φ 422; v.l. Nic. Th. 387); - εόν (Aen. Tact., Babr.), στειλειόν (ε 236) n.; - εός and - ειός (Att. inscr.) m.; - εός or - εόν (hell. a. late); στειλεός (Hp. with vv. ll.), στειλειός (Aesop.), gen. - ειοῦ (Nic. Th. 387 as v. l.)Derivatives: στειλει-άριον (Eust.) and the denom. ptc. ἐστελεωμένος `provided with a shaft' (AP). -- Beside it στέλεχος n. (m.) `the end of the stem at the root of a tree, stump, log, stem, branch' (Pi., IA.; on the eaning Strömberg Theophrastea 95ff.). Some compp., e.g. πολυ-στελέχ-ης (Thphr.), - ος (AP) `with many stems' (cf. Strömberg 103 f.). From this στελέχ-ια πρέμ\<ν\>ια H., - ώδης `stem-like' (Thphr., Dsc.), - ιαῖος `serving as a stem' (Gal.), - ηδόν `according to the kind of stem' (A. R. 1, 1004 as v. l. for στοιχηδόν).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)Etymology: On the formation: στελ-εά like δωρ-εά, γεν-εά, - εός, - εόν as κολ-εός, - εόν, θυρ-εός; στειλ-ειή as ἀρ-ειή, νευρ-ειή ( στειλ- metr. lengthening(?); cf. Schwyzer 469 n. 3 w. lit., Risch 120f., Chantraine Form. 51 a. 91. With στέλε-χος cf. τέμα-χος, σέλα-χος a.o. (Schwyzer 496, Chantraine 403). Both στελεά, - εός, - εόν and στέλεχος are based on an unknown, prob. nominal basis, perh. *στέλος n. (Schulze Q. 175), which fits unproblem. to Arm. steɫn, pl. steɫun-k` `stem, shaft, stalk, twig' and to Germ. words like OE stela m. `stalk of a plant', Norw. stjøl `stalk'; further s. στέλλω (with στόλος). Cf. also στήλη. -- The variation shows that the word is Pre-Greek, with a \> ε(ι) before palatal ly. Was the word *stalyaya?Page in Frisk: 2,785-786Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στελεά
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3 φρέαρ
φρέαρ, ατος, τό (Hom. Hymns, Hdt. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; TestAbr A 3 p. 80, 1 and 4 [Stone p. 8]; Philo)① a construction consisting of a vertical shaft, covered with a stone, for water supply, a well (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 107 §448; Arrian, Anab. 6, 18, 1; 6, 20, 4; Jos., Ant. 4, 283 οἱ φρέαρ ὀρύξαντες; Philo, Somn. 1, 8 [after Gen 26:32].—Contrast: πηγή … φρέαρ Paus. 1, 14; Philo, Poster. Cai. 153) Lk 14:5 (Aesop, Fab. 9 P.=45a H.; 40 Ch.; 9 H-H. ἀλώπηξ πεσοῦσα εἰς φρέαρ); J 4:11 (Gen 21:19 φρέαρ ὕδατος ζῶντος; 26:19), 12 (Hom. Hymns, Demeter 98f the motif of the divine wanderer who sits down near the city φρέατι, ὅθεν ὑδρεύοντο πολῖται). The wordplay πηγή … φρέαρ sets the stage for the saying in vss. 13f, and the shift to φρέαρ at vs. 11 is made to focus on the depth of the shaft (s. 2 below), which requires use of a bucket. In contrast, Jesus supplies water that ‘wells up’ vs. 14 (s. ἄλλομαι 2).② an opening that leads to the depths of the nether world, pit, shaft (for the sense ‘shaft’ s. Hero Alex. I p. 32, 12; 15; s. also ἄβυσσος 2; cp. Ps 54:24 φρέαρ διαφθορᾶς) Rv 9:1, 2abc.—B. 44. DELG. M-M. Sv. -
4 δορατοπαχή
δορατοπαχήςof a spear-shaft's thickness: neut nom /voc /acc pl (attic epic doric)δορατοπαχήςof a spear-shaft's thickness: masc /fem /neut nom /voc /acc dual (doric aeolic)δορατοπαχήςof a spear-shaft's thickness: masc /fem acc sg (attic epic doric) -
5 δορατοπαχῆ
δορατοπαχήςof a spear-shaft's thickness: neut nom /voc /acc pl (attic epic doric)δορατοπαχήςof a spear-shaft's thickness: masc /fem /neut nom /voc /acc dual (doric aeolic)δορατοπαχήςof a spear-shaft's thickness: masc /fem acc sg (attic epic doric) -
6 δορατοπαχείς
δορατοπαχήςof a spear-shaft's thickness: masc /fem acc plδορατοπαχήςof a spear-shaft's thickness: masc /fem nom /voc pl (attic epic) -
7 δορατοπαχεῖς
δορατοπαχήςof a spear-shaft's thickness: masc /fem acc plδορατοπαχήςof a spear-shaft's thickness: masc /fem nom /voc pl (attic epic) -
8 εύθυρσον
εὔθυρσοςwith beautiful shaft: masc /fem acc sgεὔθυρσοςwith beautiful shaft: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
9 εὔθυρσον
εὔθυρσοςwith beautiful shaft: masc /fem acc sgεὔθυρσοςwith beautiful shaft: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
10 ορθοστάται
ὀρθοστάτηςupright shaft: masc nom /voc plὀρθοστάτᾱͅ, ὀρθοστάτηςupright shaft: masc dat sg (doric aeolic) -
11 ὀρθοστάται
ὀρθοστάτηςupright shaft: masc nom /voc plὀρθοστάτᾱͅ, ὀρθοστάτηςupright shaft: masc dat sg (doric aeolic) -
12 ορθοστάτας
ὀρθοστάτᾱς, ὀρθοστάτηςupright shaft: masc acc plὀρθοστάτᾱς, ὀρθοστάτηςupright shaft: masc nom sg (epic doric aeolic) -
13 ὀρθοστάτας
ὀρθοστάτᾱς, ὀρθοστάτηςupright shaft: masc acc plὀρθοστάτᾱς, ὀρθοστάτηςupright shaft: masc nom sg (epic doric aeolic) -
14 δόρυ
Aδοράτεσσι Q.S.6.363
: [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. decl., gen. δούρατος (also in Pi.P.4.38); dat. δούρατι (also in S.Ph. 721 (lyr.)); pl. δούρατα, δούρασι (but codd. of Hdt. usu. have δόρατα, δόρασι): more commonly δουρός, δουρί (butδορί Archil.2.1
); dual δοῦρε; pl. δοῦρα, δούρων, δούρεσσι; dat. pl.δούροις Opp.H.3.573
: Trag., gen. δορός; dat. δορί or δόρει, the former required by metre in A.Th. 347, 456, 958, Ag. 111, E.Hec. 909, Ph. 186, etc. (all lyr.), also in Id.Hec.5; δόρει is required in S.OC 620, 1314, 1386;ξὺν δορὶ ξὺν ἀσπίδι Ar.V. 1081
, butσὺν δόρει σὺν ἀσπίδι Achae.29
, cf. Choerob. in Theod.1.346; δορί occurs in Prose in the phrases δορὶ ἑλεῖν, λαβεῖν (v. infr. 11.2): nom. pl. , Theopomp.Com.25; gen.δορῶν Hsch.
: nom.δοῦρας AP6.97
(Antiphil.). Exc. sg. δόρυ, Hom. uses only the [dialect] Ion. forms:I stem, tree,οὔπω τοῖον ἀνήλυθεν ἐκ δόρυ γαίης Od.6.167
; but commonly, plank or beam,δοῦρ' ἐλάτης κέρσαντες Il.24.450
;δούρατα μακρὰ ταμών Od.5.162
, cf. Il.3.61;δούρατα πύργων 12.36
;δούρατ' ἀμάξης Hes.Op. 456
; mostly of ships, δόρυ νήϊον ship's plank, Il.15.410, etc.;νήϊα δοῦρα Od.9.498
; also, mast, E.Tr. 1148: hence,2 δ. εἰνάλιον, ἀμφῆρες, of a ship, Pi.P.4.27, E.Cyc.15;δ. ποντοπόρον S.Ph. 721
(lyr.); also δόρυ alone, A.Pers. 411, Ag. 1618, E.Hel. 1611;ἐπ' Ἀργῴου δορός Id.Andr. 793
; also δούρων, of oars, Hymn.Is.152.II shaft of a spear, δόρυ μείλινον the ashen shaft, Il.5.666, al.: hence, generally, spear itself,δ. χάλκεον 13.247
;ἀσπίδα καὶ δύο δοῦρε Od.1.256
, etc.; hunting-spear, Il.12.303; δόρατα ναύμαχα boarding-pikes, Hdt.7.89: freq. in military phrases, v. πέλεκυς 1; εἰς δόρατος πληγήν within spear's throw, X.Eq.8.10;εἰς δόρυ ἀφικόμενοι Id.HG4.3.17
; ἐπὶ δόρυ to the right hand, in which the spear was held, opp. ἐπ' ἀσπίδα, Id.An.4.3.29 (cf. κλίνω IV. 3, );παρὰ δόρυ Id.Lac.11.10
;εἰς δόρυ Id.HG6.5.18
;τὴν ἐμβολὴν ἐκ δόρατος ποιεῖσθαι Plb.3.115.9
:— ὑπὸ δόρυ πωλεῖσθαι, = Lat. sub hasta venire, D.H.4.24, cf. Str.4.6.7.c sceptre, E.Hec. 9.2 metaph., δουρὶ κτεατίζειν win wealth by the spear, i.e. in war, Il.16.57; ὑπὸ δουρὶ πόλιν πέρθαι ib. 708; in Prose, δορὶ ἑλεῖν, λαβεῖν, Th.1.128, App. BC4.8; an armed force,συμμάχῳ δ. A.Eu. 773
;δ. ἐπακτοῦ S.OC 1525
; καὶ τὸ δ. καὶ τὸ κηρύκειον πέμπειν to offer war or peace, Plb. 4.52.4. (Cf. Skt. dā´ru 'piece of wood', δορά (B), δρῦς.) -
15 κάμαξ
2 any pole or shaft,κ. πεύκης A.Fr. 171
; θύρσου Χλοερὸν κ. APl.c. (Phal.); in an engine of war, Apollod.Poliorc.171.8, al.3 shaft of a spear, A.Ag.66 (anap.), E. Hec. 1155, El. 852, Ar.Fr. 404; Χαλκέαι κάμακες, with rings at the top, J.AJ3.6.2 (masc. in this sense, acc. to EM487.38).5 = κερκίς1, AP6.247 (Phil.).6 in pl., steering-paddles, Alc.Supp.4.16.7 tent-pole, Gal.2.218. -
16 λόγχη
λόγχ-η (A), ἡ,A spear-head, Hdt.7.69;λ. δορός S. Tr. 856
, E.Tr. 1318 (both lyr.): also in pl. of a single spear, the point with its barbs, τὸ ξυστὸν τῇσι λόγχῃσι ἐὸν ὁμοίως χρύσεον the shaft alike with the spear-head, Hdt.1.52, etc.; , cf. X.Cyn.10.3 (where the shaft is ῥάβδος) ; οἱ κνώδοντες τῆς λόγχης the barbs of the spear-head, ib.16.2 lance-shaped birth-mark, Trag.Adesp.84.II lance, spear, javelin, Batr.129;χαλκέας λόγχας ἀκμᾷ Pi.N.10.60
, cf. S.Tr. 512 (lyr.), etc.: metaph.,ὀμμάτων ἄπο λόγχας ἵησιν Id.Fr. 157
; λόγχας ἐσθίων, prov. of a bragging coward, a 'fire-eater', Timocl.12.5.III troop of spearmen,ξὺν ἑπτὰ λόγχαις S.OC 1312
, cf. Ant. 119 (lyr.);μυρίαν ἄγων λόγχην E.Ph. 442
;λόγχης ἀριθμῷ πλείονος κρατούμεναι Id.Fr. 286.12
;χωρεῖτε, λόγχη Id.Cret.45
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17 ξυστόν
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18 στελεά
στελεά, ἡ,A haft, shaft, [ στυρακίου] Aen.Tact.18.10 (unless = socket); [dialect] Ep. [full] στελεή,τυπίδος A.R.4.957
: also [full] στειλειή, haft of an axe, Od.21.422, v.l.in Nic.Th. 387.II metaph., στειλέαν,= τὴν μακρὰν ῥάφανον, Antiph. (Fr.121?) ap. Hsch. (cf. στελεός). (The statement of Hsch., EM726.52, Eust.1531.37, that στειλειή = hole in the axe-head, may be due to a misunderstanding of Od. l.c.) (With στελεά, στελεόν, στελεός, cf. OE. stela 'stem, stalk', Engl. (dial.) steal 'handle of a hammer, axe, rake, etc., shaft of an arrow or javelin'.) -
19 στύραξ
A storax, Mnesim.4.62 (anap.), Arist.HA 534b25, Thphr.HP9.7.3, Dsc.1.66, Sor.2.29, Aret.CD1.2, PSI4.297.12 (v A.D.).II στύραξ, ὁ or ἡ, the tree producing this gum, Styrax officinalis, fem. in Hdt.3.107, masc. in Str.12.7.3, Plu.Lys.28.------------------------------------A spike at the lower end of a spear-shaft, X. HG6.2.19, Pl.La. 184a; shaft,ἀκοντίων Onos.10.4
(pl.). -
20 ῥάβδος
ῥάβδος, ἡ,A rod, wand, Hom. (v. infr.), etc.; lighter than the βακτηρία or walking-stick, X.Eq.11.4 (but = βακτηρία, Ev.Matt.10.10, al.). —Special uses:1 magic wand, as that of Circe, Od.10.238, 319, etc.; that with which Athena touched Odysseus, to restore his youthful appearance,χρυσείῃ ῥάβδῳ ἐπεμάσσατο 16.172
; that with which Hermes overpowers the senses of man, Il.24.343; that with which Hades rules the ghosts, Pi.O.9.33; divining-rod, Hdt.4.67.5 staff of office, like the earlier σκῆπτρον, Pl.Ax. 367a, LXX Ps.44(45).7, 109(110).2; carried by a βραβευτής, Phld.Vit.p.25J.:— dub. in A.Supp. 248 for ῥαβδοῦχος.6 wand borne by theῥαψῳδός, τὸν ἐπὶ ῥάβδῳ μῦθον ὑφαινόμενον Call.Fr. 138
( = Fr.3.10P.), cf. Paus. 9.30.3: hence κατὰ ῥάβδον ἐπέων according to the measure of his (Homer's) verses, Pi.I.4(3).38(56).7 rod for chastisement,ῥ. κοσμοῦσα Pl.Lg. 700c
; μάστιξ ἢ ῥ. riding-switch, X.Eq.8.4; ῥ. βοηλάτις ox-goad, APl.4.200 (Mosch.);ξαίνεσθαι ῥάβδοις Plu.Alex.51
, cf. AP 11.153 (Lucill.): of the fasces of the Roman lictors, Plb.11.29.6, D.H.4.11, Str.5.2.2, Plu.Publ.10, Luc.36; πρὸς πέντε ῥάβδους, = Lat. at (i.e. ad) quinque fasces (CIL8.7044 ([place name] Numidia)), OGI543.18 (Ancyra, ii A.D.), IGRom.3.175 (ibid., ii A.D.); cf. ῥαβδονόμος, ῥαβδοῦχος.9 ῥ. κληρονομίας measuring-rod, ib.Ps.73(74).2.10 stitch,ἔντοσθεν δὲ βοείας ῥάψε θαμειὰς χρυσείῃς ῥάβδοισι διηνεκέσιν περὶ κύκλον Il.12.297
(unless it means rivets, studs).III streak or stripe on the skin of animals,διαποίκιλα ῥάβδοις Arist.HA 525a12
; of fish, Clearch. 73; of clothes, Poll.7.53; fluting of a column, Supp.Epigr.4.448.7 (Didyma, ii B.C., pl.); of minerals, vein, Thphr.CP4.12.6, D.S.5.37; streak or shaft of light, Arist.Mete. 377a30, Mu. 395a31, Thphr.Sign.11.IV in Gramm.,1 line, verse, Sch.Pi.I.4.63.
См. также в других словарях:
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