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rĕcens

  • 1 recens

    rĕcens, entis ( abl. sing., regularly, recenti; but in the poets sometimes recente, e. g. Cat. 63, 7; Ov. F. 4, 346 al.— Gen. plur., regularly, recentium:

    recentum,

    Hor. C. 1, 10, 2; Sil. 15, 601), adj. [re and cand-; cf.: candeo, candor; Gr. kainos, kaiô], that has not long existed, fresh, young, recent (opp. vetus, and differing from novus; v. antiquus init. (freq. and class.):

    quod si veteris contumeliae oblivisci vellet: num etiam recentium injuriarum memoriam deponere posse?

    Caes. B. G. 1, 14; 5, 54:

    (Verres) cum e provinciā recens esset invidiāque et infamiā non recenti sed vetere ac diuturnā flagraret,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 2, 5:

    Regini quidam eo venerunt, Romā sane recentes,

    directly from Rome, id. Att. 16, 7, 1:

    omnis conglutinatio recens aegre, inveterata facile divellitur,

    id. Sen. 20, 72; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 17, 39:

    sed hanc ipsam recentem novam devoravit,

    id. Fam. 11, 21, 2; cf. Quint. 8, 3, 34:

    viri,

    Cic. Mur. 8, 17:

    (piscis) nequam est, nisi recens,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 26; cf. id. Ps. 4, 7, 25:

    catuli,

    just whelped, young, Varr. R. R. 3, 12, 4:

    tonsae (oves),

    newly shorn, id. ib. 2, 11, 7:

    caespites,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 96; cf.

    flores,

    Hor. C. 3, 27, 43; Ov. F. 4, 346:

    herbae,

    id. ib. 5, 123:

    serta,

    Verg. A. 1, 417:

    prata,

    fresh, green, id. ib. 6, 674 Serv.:

    sanguis,

    newly shed, Cat. 63, 7: sol, poet. for the rising sun, the east, Pers. 5, 54:

    proelium,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 13 fin.:

    victoria,

    id. ib. 1, 31 fin.;

    5, 47: clades,

    Liv. 2, 22, 4 Drak. N. cr.:

    pollicitatio,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 57 fin.:

    arma,

    fresh, newly whetted, Ov. M. 8, 370:

    umbrae,

    of those newly deceased, id. ib. 4, 434:

    animae,

    id. ib. 8, 488;

    anima,

    id. ib. 15, 846 et saep.; cf.: non erit in te Deus recens, newly devised, and hence false, Vulg. Psa. 80, 9.— Comp.:

    epistula recentior,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 1:

    recentiore memoriā,

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    unus ex amicis recentioribus,

    Quint. 6, 3, 92.— Sup.:

    recentissima tua est epistula Kal. data,

    Cic. Att. 8, 15, 3:

    recentissima quaeque sunt correcta et emendata maxime,

    id. Ac. 1. 4, 13:

    Senones recentissimi advenarum,

    Liv. 5, 35.—
    (β).
    With ab, immediately after, fresh from, shortly after, etc.:

    pullum asininum a partu recentem subiciunt equae,

    newly foaled, Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2:

    Homerus, qui recens ab illorum aetate fuit,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 5:

    recens a vulnere Dido,

    i. e. with her wound still fresh, Verg. A. 6, 450:

    Poenum recentem ab excidio opulentissimae urbis Iberum transire,

    Liv. 21, 16 fin.:

    alti spiritus viros, ut ita dicam, a diis recentes,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 44:

    haec vox, a quā recens sum: sonat adhuc et vibrat in auribus meis,

    id. Prov. 3, 3.—
    (γ).
    With in and abl., or (more freq.) with simple abl.:

    alius alio recentior sit in dolore,

    Auct. Her. 2, 7, 10:

    quod comitatum Agrippinae longo maerore fessum obvii et recentes in dolore anteibant,

    yet fresh in grief, whose grief was still fresh, Tac. A. 3, 1 fin.: quaedam (verba) in usu perquam recentia, Quint. 8, 3, 34:

    ut erat recens dolore et irā,

    Tac. A. 1, 41 fin.; so,

    recens praeturā,

    id. ib. 4, 52:

    stipendiis,

    ib. ib. 15, 59:

    caede,

    id. H. 3, 19:

    victoriā,

    id. ib. 3, 77.—
    (δ).
    With ad and acc.:

    recentes sumus ad id quod incipimus,

    Quint. 1, 12, 5.—
    b.
    Recenti re, while the matter is fresh, forthwith, immediately:

    quid si recenti re aedes pultem,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 18:

    re recenti,

    id. Trin. 4, 3, 8; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139;

    for which also, recenti negotio,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 39, § 101;

    and, in recenti,

    Dig. 48, 19, 25.—
    c.
    Recentiores ( subst. and adj.), the moderns (said of authors):

    attulisti aliud humanius horum recentiorum,

    modern writers, Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 82; Plin. 12, 17, 37, § 74; also,

    Graeci recentiores,

    modern, id. 4, 16, 30, § 103.—
    II.
    Trop., fresh in strength, not exhausted by fatigue, vigorous:

    ut integri et recentes defatigatis succederent,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 16 fin.; so,

    integer et recens (opp.: fusus et saucius),

    Flor. 3, 1, 13;

    and in the order: recentes atque integri (opp. defatigati),

    Caes. B. G. 7, 48 fin.;

    and, opp. defessi,

    id. B. C. 3, 94; id. B. G. 7, 25:

    equitatus,

    id. ib. 7, 9:

    recens animus (consulis),

    Liv. 21, 52:

    equi,

    id. 29, 34 (along with integrae vires); 38, 25 (opp. fessi); Ov. M. 2, 63:

    clamor,

    Plin. Pan. 23, 5.— Comp.: sauciis ac defatigatis integros recentioribusque viribus subministrare, Auct. B. Afr. 78, 6. — Hence, advv.: recens and recenter, lately, freshly, newly, just, recently, etc.
    (α).
    Form rĕcens (not in Cic. or Cæs.):

    puerum recens natum,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 17:

    captum hominem,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 60:

    scaena perfusa croco,

    Lucr. 2, 416:

    exstinctum lumen,

    id. 6, 792:

    coria recens detracta,

    Sall. H. 4, 2 Dietsch:

    inter recens domitos,

    id. ib. 3, 53: portentum conflatum est recens, Bass. ap. Gell. 15, 4, 3:

    beluae recens captae,

    Liv. 38, 17, 15; 2, 22, 4:

    acceptum vulnus,

    Tac. A. 2, 21:

    perdomita Hispania,

    id. ib. 4, 5:

    cognita,

    id. ib. 4, 69 et saep.:

    condita Roma,

    Suet. Tib. 1.—
    (β).
    Form rĕcen-ter (post-class.):

    capti turdi,

    Pall. 1, 26, 2:

    lecta poma,

    id. 5, 4 fin.
    b.
    Sup.:

    quam recentissime stercorato solo,

    Plin. 18, 23, 53, § 192; so,

    res gestae,

    Just. 30, 4, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > recens

  • 2 recēns

        recēns entis ( abl sing. entī; poet. also ente; gen plur. tium; poet. rarely tum, H.), adj.    with comp. and sup, lately arisen, not long in existence, fresh, young, recent: iniuriae memoria, Cs.: amicus, new-made: omnis conglutinatio recens aegre divellitur: viri: caespites, Cs.: flores, H.: herbae, O.: prata, green, V.: proelium, i. e. of yesterday, Cs.: clades, L.: pollicitatio, Cs.: arma, newly whetted, O.: umbrae, of persons just dead, O.: recenti re de Mustio auditum est, i. e. forthwith: qui recens ab illorum aetate fuit, just after: recens a volnere Dido, i. e. with her wound still fresh, V.: ab excidio urbis, fresh from, L.: quidam Romā sane recentes, just from Rome: epistula recentior: recentiore memoriā: attulisti aliud humanius horum recentiorum, modern writers: recentissima tua est epistula Kal. data, latest: annus recentissimus: Senones recentissimi advenarum, L.— Plur n. as subst, late events (opp. vetusta).—Fig., fresh, vigorous: ut integri et recentes defatigatis succederent, Cs.: equitatus, Cs.: animus (consulis), L.
    * * *
    (gen.), recentis ADJ
    fresh, recent; rested

    Latin-English dictionary > recēns

  • 3 recēns

        recēns adv.    [1 recens], lately, freshly, newly, just, recently: recens accepta cladis, L.: Sole recens orto, V.
    * * *
    (gen.), recentis ADJ
    fresh, recent; rested

    Latin-English dictionary > recēns

  • 4 ab

    ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:

    AF VOBEIS,

    Inscr. Orell. 3114;

    AF MVRO,

    ib. 6601;

    AF CAPVA,

    ib. 3308;

    AF SOLO,

    ib. 589;

    AF LYCO,

    ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):

    abs chorago,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):

    abs quivis,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:

    abs terra,

    Cato, R. R. 51;

    and in compounds: aps-cessero,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;

    and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,

    id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).
    I.
    In space, and,
    II.
    Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.
    I.
    Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):

    Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

    fuga ab urbe turpissima,

    Cic. Att. 7, 21:

    ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,

    Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:

    illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,

    all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:

    venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,

    Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.
    b.
    Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:

    oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:

    quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:

    ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:

    protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,

    id. ib. 1, 25, 2:

    profecti a domo,

    Liv. 40, 33, 2;

    of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:

    classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,

    Liv. 8, 22, 6;

    of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,

    Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:

    legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,

    id. 24, 40, 2.
    c.
    Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):

    Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:

    libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,

    Cic. Fl. 20, 47:

    Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,

    id. Att. 7, 24:

    cum a vobis discessero,

    id. Sen. 22:

    multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:

    so a fratre,

    id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:

    a Pontio,

    Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:

    ab ea,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.
    B.
    Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.
    1.
    Of separation:

    ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:

    abesse a domo paulisper maluit,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

    tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,

    Sall. C. 40, 5:

    absint lacerti ab stabulis,

    Verg. G. 4, 14.—
    2.
    Of distance:

    quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,

    Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:

    nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,

    id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:

    hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:

    terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:

    non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):

    cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,

    Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:

    qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:

    quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:

    procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:

    tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,

    Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;

    v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:

    tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,

    id. Pis. 11, 26; and:

    tam prope ab domo detineri,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:

    onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,

    eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:

    duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,

    id. 37, 38, 5). —
    3.
    To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:

    picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,

    Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:

    pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,

    on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

    non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,

    at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:

    erat a septentrionibus collis,

    on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    In time.
    1.
    From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:

    Exul ab octava Marius bibit,

    Juv. 1,40:

    mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,

    immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:

    Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    ab hac contione legati missi sunt,

    immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:

    ab eo magistratu,

    after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:

    a summa spe novissima exspectabat,

    after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:

    ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,

    Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:

    confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,

    Liv. 30, 36, 1:

    statim a funere,

    Suet. Caes. 85;

    and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,

    id. ib. 60:

    protinus ab adoptione,

    Vell. 2, 104, 3:

    Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,

    soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—

    Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,

    i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:

    secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,

    i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.
    2.
    With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:

    ab hora tertia bibebatur,

    from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:

    infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,

    since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:

    vixit ab omni aeternitate,

    from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:

    cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,

    Nep. Att. 5, 3:

    in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,

    after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:

    centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,

    since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:

    cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,

    id. Sen. 6, 19; and:

    ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,

    since, Sall. C. 47, 2:

    diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:

    quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,

    since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:

    jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,

    from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:

    ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:

    cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:

    a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,

    Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:

    pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,

    from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.
    b.
    Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:

    qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,

    from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:

    mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,

    a pueritia,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:

    jam inde ab adulescentia,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:

    ab adulescentia,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 1:

    jam a prima adulescentia,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

    ab ineunte adulescentia,

    id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.

    followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:

    a primis temporibus aetatis,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

    a teneris unguiculis,

    from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:

    usque a toga pura,

    id. Att. 7, 8, 5:

    jam inde ab incunabulis,

    Liv. 4, 36, 5:

    a prima lanugine,

    Suet. Oth. 12:

    viridi ab aevo,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;

    rarely of animals: ab infantia,

    Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:

    qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,

    a pausillo puero,

    id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:

    a puero,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:

    a pueris,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:

    ab adulescente,

    id. Quint. 3, 12:

    ab infante,

    Col. 1, 8, 2:

    a parva virgine,

    Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:

    a parvis,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:

    a parvulo,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:

    ab parvulis,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:

    ab tenero,

    Col. 5, 6, 20;

    and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.
    B.
    In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.
    1.
    In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

    suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:

    qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:

    hic ab artificio suo non recessit,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:

    quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:

    condicionem quam ab te peto,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:

    mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

    si quid ab illo acceperis,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:

    quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

    ab defensione desistere,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:

    ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,

    id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:

    ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):

    qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,

    the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:

    tu nunc eris alter ab illo,

    next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:

    Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,

    next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

    quid hoc ab illo differt,

    from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:

    hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,

    id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:

    discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,

    id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):

    quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7:

    alieno a te animo fuit,

    id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):

    subdole ab re consulit,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:

    haut est ab re aucupis,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:

    non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,

    Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:

    a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,

    Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,

    id. ib. 1, 3:

    disputata ab eo,

    id. ib. 1, 4 al.:

    illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,

    id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:

    ita generati a natura sumus,

    id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:

    pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,

    Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:

    niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:

    quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,

    is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:

    salvebis a meo Cicerone,

    i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:

    a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,

    i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:

    ne vir ab hoste cadat,

    Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):

    levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:

    a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,

    id. Off. 2, 6, 19:

    si calor est a sole,

    id. N. D. 2, 52:

    ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),

    id. Att. 16, 7, 5:

    metu poenae a Romanis,

    Liv. 32, 23, 9:

    bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,

    id. 3, 22, 2:

    ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,

    id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:

    lassus ab equo indomito,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:

    Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,

    Prop. 5, 1, 126:

    tempus a nostris triste malis,

    time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:

    vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?

    by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,

    ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),

    Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:

    si postulatur a populo,

    if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:

    deseror conjuge,

    Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;

    and in prose,

    Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:

    ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:

    (urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.
    b.
    With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:

    pastores a Pergamide,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:

    Turnus ab Aricia,

    Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):

    obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,

    Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.
    c.
    In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:

    (sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,

    id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)
    d.
    With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:

    da, puere, ab summo,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,

    da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:

    coepere a fame mala,

    Liv. 4, 12, 7:

    cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,

    tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:

    a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.
    e.
    With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:

    a foliis et stercore purgato,

    Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:

    tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?

    Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:

    Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,

    Liv. 21, 11, 5:

    expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

    haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):

    ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,

    Sall. C. 32:

    ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,

    Liv. 21, 35, 12:

    ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,

    Cic. Sest. 64, 133.
    f.
    With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:

    el metul a Chryside,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:

    ab Hannibale metuens,

    Liv. 23, 36; and:

    metus a praetore,

    id. 23, 15, 7;

    v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,

    Cic. Sull. 20, 59:

    postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,

    you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.
    g.
    With verbs of fastening and holding:

    funiculus a puppi religatus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

    cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,

    Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.
    h.
    Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:

    a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,

    Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.
    i.
    Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):

    id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 22.
    j.
    Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:

    doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:

    a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:

    a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,

    a frigore laborantibus,

    Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:

    laborare ab re frumentaria,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.
    k.
    Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:

    ab ingenio improbus,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:

    a me pudica'st,

    id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:

    orba ab optimatibus contio,

    Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):

    locus copiosus a frumento,

    Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:

    sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,

    id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:

    ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,

    id. Brut. 16, 63:

    ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,

    Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;

    so often in poets ab arte=arte,

    artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.
    l.
    In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:

    linguam ab irrisu exserentem,

    thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:

    ab honore,

    id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.
    m.
    Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:

    ab illo injuria,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:

    fulgor ab auro,

    Lucr. 2, 5:

    dulces a fontibus undae,

    Verg. G. 2, 243.
    n.
    In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:

    scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    nonnuill ab novissimis,

    id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).
    o.
    In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:

    qui sunt ab ea disciplina,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:

    ab eo qui sunt,

    id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:

    nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,

    id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).
    p.
    To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;

    in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,

    one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,

    a manu servus,

    a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).
    q.
    The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:

    a peregre,

    Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:

    a foris,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:

    ab intus,

    ib. ib. 7, 15:

    ab invicem,

    App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:

    a longe,

    Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:

    a modo,

    ib. ib. 23, 39;

    Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,

    Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:

    a sursum,

    ib. Marc. 15, 38.
    a.
    Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:

    Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,

    Cic. Pis. 37, 91:

    a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?

    id. Sen. 6:

    a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?

    id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:

    res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,

    id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—
    b.
    Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—
    c.
    It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:

    a vitae periculo,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 313:

    a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,

    id. Arch. 6, 12:

    a minus bono,

    Sall. C. 2, 6:

    a satis miti principio,

    Liv. 1, 6, 4:

    damnis dives ab ipsa suis,

    Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—
    d.
    The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):

    aque Chao,

    Verg. G. 4, 347:

    aque mero,

    Ov. M. 3, 631:

    aque viro,

    id. H. 6, 156:

    aque suis,

    id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:

    a meque,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:

    abs teque,

    id. Att. 3, 15, 4:

    a teque,

    id. ib. 8, 11, §

    7: a primaque adulescentia,

    id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —
    e.
    A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.
    III.
    In composition ab,
    1.
    Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—
    2.
    It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ab

  • 5 opinio

    ŏpīnĭo, ōnis, f. [id.], opinion, supposition, conjecture, imagination, fancy, belief (class.).
    I.
    In gen.:

    apud homines barbaros opinio plus valet saepe, quam res ipsa,

    Cic. Fragm. Scaur. 7:

    est ergo aegritudo opinio recens mali praesentis... laetitia opinio recens boni praesentis... metus opinio impendentis mali... lubido opinio venturi boni, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 4, 7, 14; cf. id. ib. 4, 11, 26:

    magna nobis pueris opinio fuit, L. Crassum non plus attigisse doctrinae, quam,

    id. de Or. 2, 1, 1:

    ut opinio mea est,

    as I suppose, as I believe, id. Fam. 9, 11, 1: ut opinio mea fert, as I believe, id. Font. 13, 39:

    mea fert opinio, ut, etc.,

    Dig. 24, 1, 32:

    cujus opinionis etiam Cornelius Celsus est,

    Celsus also is of this opinion, Col. 2, 12, 6:

    Romulus habuit opinionem esse, etc.,

    held the belief that, Cic. Div. 2, 33, 70:

    fuisse in illa populari opinione,

    to be of an opinion, id. Clu. 51, 142.—More rarely:

    alicujus opinionis esse,

    Col. 2, 12, 6:

    in eādem opinione fui... te venturum esse,

    Cic. Att. 8, 11, D, 3:

    in quā me opinione sine causā esse, ne quis credat,

    Liv. 44, 38, 4:

    fuerunt in hac opinione non pauci, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 3, 3, 11; cf. id. 4, 1, 28:

    cum etiam philosophi Stoicae disciplinae in eādem sint opinione, ut censeant, etc.,

    Lact. 2, 5, 7; 3, 8, 32:

    cui opinioni nos quoque accedimus,

    Quint. 2, 15, 29:

    ipse eorum opinionibus accedo, qui, etc.,

    Tac. G. 4:

    adducere aliquem in eam opinionem, ut,

    to make one believe, Cic. Caecin. 5, 13:

    Pisidae in opinionem adducuntur perfugas fecisse, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Dat. 6, 6:

    praebere opinionem timoris,

    to convey the impression, occasion the belief that one is afraid, Caes. B. G. 3, 17:

    afferre alicui,

    Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: incidere in opinionem, to fall into the belief, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:

    in opinionem discedere,

    to come to the opinion, Cic. Fam. 6, 14, 2:

    opinione duci,

    to be led by one's belief, id. Mur. 30, 62: contra (praeter) opinionem, contrary to one's expectation:

    dicere contra opiniones omnium,

    id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45:

    etsi praeter opinionem res ceciderat,

    Nep. Milt. 2, 5.—With comp.: opinione citius, quicker than had been supposed, Varr. ap. Non. 356, 27:

    istuc curavi, ut opinione illius pulcrior sis,

    handsomer than he imagines, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 23:

    opinione melius res tibi habet tua, si, etc.,

    id. Cas. 2, 5, 30:

    opinione celerius,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 23.—
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    The repute of a man, the esteem, reputation in which others hold him, the opinion, estimate, expectation formed of him.
    a.
    In gen.:

    opinione fortasse nonnullā, quam de meis moribus habebat,

    Cic. Lael. 9, 30:

    integritatis meae,

    id. Att. 7, 2, 5:

    non fallam opinionem tuam,

    id. Fam. 1, 6, 2:

    genus scriptorum tuorum vicit opinionem meam,

    exceeded my expectation, id. ib. 5, 12, 1: venit in eam opinionem Cassius, ipsum finxisse bellum, Cassius fell under suspicion of having, was believed to have, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 2: summam habere justitiae opinionem. Caes. B. G. 6, 24; 7, 59:

    quorum de justitiā magna esset opinio multitudinis,

    Cic. Off. 2, 12, 42:

    (Porus) bellum jampridem, auditā Alexandri opinione, in adventum ejus parabat,

    Just. 12, 8, 2.—
    b.
    Absol., reputation:

    ne opinio quidem et fama, cui soli serviunt (poëtae), etc.,

    Tac. Dial. 10 init.:

    cupidi opinionis,

    Quint. 12, 9, 4:

    affert et ista res opinionem,

    id. 2, 12, 5.—
    c.
    Bad repute, reputation for evil:

    malignitatis opinionem vereri,

    Tac. Dial. 15:

    invidiae et ingrati animi,

    Liv. 45, 38, 6.—
    B.
    A report, rumor:

    divulgatā opinione tam gloriosae expeditionis,

    Just. 42, 2, 11:

    quae opinio erat edita in vulgus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 29, 3:

    exiit opinio, proximo lustro descensurum eum ad Olympia,

    Suet. Ner. 53:

    opinio etiam sine auctore exierat, eos conspirasse, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 36, 9:

    opinionem serere,

    to spread a report, Just. 8, 3, 8:

    opiniones bellorum,

    Vulg. Matt. 24, 6; id. Marc. 13, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > opinio

  • 6 subeo

    sŭb-ĕo, ĭi, ĭtum, īre ( perf. subīvit, Ov. F. 1, 314; Stat. S. 2, 1, 155: subivimus, Claud. ap. Tac. A. 11, 24 dub.), v. n. and a., to come or go under any thing; to come or go up to, to approach, draw near, advance or proceed to a place; to come or go on; to follow, succeed; to go down, sink; to come up, spring up (cf. succedo).
    I.
    Neutr.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.:

    subire sub falas,

    Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 10:

    in nemoris latebras,

    Ov. M. 4, 601; cf.: in aliquem locum, to enter, Auct. B. Alex. 74, 4:

    in adversum Romani subiere,

    Liv. 1, 12, 1:

    in adversos montes,

    id. 41, 18, 11:

    testudine factā subeunt,

    advance, Caes. B. G. 7, 85, 7:

    Albani subiere ad montes,

    Liv. 1, 28, 5:

    subire ad portam castrorum,

    id. 34, 16, 2; cf.:

    ad urbem subeunt,

    id. 31, 45, 4; 39, 27, 10; 36, 19, 1; and:

    subeundum erat ad hostes,

    id. 2, 31, 4:

    ad tecta subibant,

    Verg. A. 8, 359.—With dat.:

    muro subibant,

    Verg. A. 7, 161; so,

    muro,

    id. ib. 9, 371:

    portu Chaonio (with accedere urbem),

    id. ib. 3, 292:

    luco,

    id. ib. 8, 125:

    dumis,

    Sil. 5, 283:

    ingenti feretro,

    Verg. A. 6, 222:

    age cervici inponere nostrae: Ipse subibo umeris,

    id. ib. 2, 708:

    per vices subeunt elephanti,

    Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23:

    pone subit conjux,

    follows, Verg. A. 2, 725; so Val. Fl. 4, 197; cf.:

    dexterae alae sinistra subiit,

    Liv. 27, 2, 7:

    subeuntis alii aliis in custodiam,

    id. 25, 37, 6; and:

    subiit argentea proles,

    Ov. M. 1, 114:

    subit ipse meumque Explet opus,

    succeeds me, takes my place, id. ib. 3, 648:

    Volscus saxa objacentia pedibus ingerit in subeuntes,

    climbing, Liv. 2, 65, 4:

    vel eodem amne vel Euphrate subire eos posse,

    i. e. sail up stream, Curt. 9, 10, 3; cf.:

    adverso amne Babylona subituros,

    id. 10, 1, 16.—
    b.
    Of things:

    stamen a stando: subtemen, quod subit stamini,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 113 Müll.:

    cum luna sub orbem solis subisset,

    Liv. 37, 4, 4:

    tertio die mixtum flumini subibat mare,

    Curt. 9, 9, 7:

    venae nonnumquam incipiente febre subeunt,

    the pulse sinks, Cels. 3, 6 med.:

    subeunt herbae,

    come up, spring up, Verg. G. 1, 180; so,

    barba,

    i. e. sprouts, grows, Mart. 7, 83, 2:

    subisse aquam in caelum,

    Plin. 31, 3, 21, § 32.—
    2.
    In partic., to come on secretly, to advance or approach stealthily, to steal upon, steal into ( poet.), Prop. 1, 9, 26; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 1, 742.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to come in, succeed, take place; to enter stealthily, come secretly or by degrees: in quarum locum subierunt inquilinae impietas, perfidia, impudentia, Varr. ap. Non. 403, 27:

    fugere pudor verumque fidesque: In quorum subiere locum fraudesque dolique,

    Ov. M. 1, 130:

    pulchra subit facies,

    id. ib. 14, 827:

    subit ecce priori Causa recens,

    id. ib. 3, 259:

    an subit (amor) et tacitā callidus arte nocet?

    id. Am. 1, 2, 6: subeunt morbi [p. 1775] tristisque senectus, Verg. G. 3, 67:

    namque graves morbi subeunt segnisque senectus,

    Nemes. Cyn. 117; cf.:

    duo pariter subierunt incommoda,

    arise, come up, Quint. 5, 10, 100:

    ne subeant animo taedia justa tuo,

    Ov. P. 4, 15, 30:

    regio, quā vero ipsa subit ad Medos,

    approaches, Plin. 6, 26, 29, § 115. —
    2.
    In partic., to come into the mind, to occur, suggest itself:

    omnes sententiae verbaque omnia sub acumen stili subeant et succedant necesse est,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 151:

    cum in loca aliqua post tempus reversi sumus, quae in his fecerimus, reminiscimur personaeque subeunt,

    Quint. 11, 2, 17:

    cum subeant audita aut cognita nobis,

    Ov. M. 15, 307:

    subit umbra,

    id. ib. 12, 591:

    subeunt illi fratresque parensque,

    id. ib. 11. 542:

    subiit cari genitoris imago... subiit deserta Creusa Et direpta domus et parvi casus Iuli,

    Verg. A. 2, 560 sq.; Tac. A. 1, 13:

    subeant animo Latmia saxa tuo,

    Ov. H. 18, 62:

    ne subeant animo taedia,

    id. P. 4, 15, 30:

    quantum subire animo sustinueris, tantum tecum auferas,

    to grasp with the mind, Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 7.—
    (β).
    Subit, with subj. - or rel.-clause ( poet. and in postAug. prose), Ov. M. 2, 755:

    quo magis ac magis admirari subit,

    Plin. 12, prooem. § 2;

    35, 7, 31, § 49: misereri sortis humanae subit,

    id. 25, 3, 7, § 23:

    quid sim, quid fuerimque subit,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 38.
    II.
    Act.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen., to come or go under, to enter; to submit to; to approach, etc.:

    exercitatissimi in armis, qui inter annos XIV. tectum non subissent,

    had not come under a roof, Caes. B. G. 1, 36:

    tecta,

    Quint. 2, 16, 6; Ov. M. 6, 669:

    jam subeunt Triviae lucos atque aurea tecta,

    Verg. A. 6, 13:

    limina victor Alcides subiit,

    id. ib. 8, 363:

    domos,

    Ov. M. 1, 121:

    penates,

    id. ib. 5, 650:

    macra cavum repetes artum, quem macra subisti,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 33:

    cum novies subiere paludem,

    had plunged under, Ov. M. 15, 358; id. F. 1, 314:

    et juncti currum dominae subiere leones,

    Verg. A. 3, 313:

    leones jugum subeant,

    Plin. 10, 45, 62, § 128:

    asellus gravius dorso subiit onus,

    i. e. submits to, receives, Hor. S. 1, 9, 21:

    subire iniquissimum locum,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 27: iniquum locum, Auct. B. Alex. 76, 2; id. B. Hisp. 24, 3:

    collem,

    to go up, mount, climb, scale, Hirt. B. G. 8, 15:

    consules utrimque aciem subeuntium jam muros adgrediuntur,

    Liv. 7, 12, 3:

    muros,

    id. 27, 18:

    impositum saxis Anxur,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 25:

    si subeuntur prospera castra,

    Juv. 16, 2 et saep.:

    perfurit, Fadumque Herbesumque subit,

    comes up to, attacks, assails, Verg. A. 9, 344; cf.:

    interim fallendus est judex et variis artibus subeundus,

    Quint. 4, 5, 5:

    precibus commota Tonantem Juno subit,

    approaches, Stat. Th. 9, 510:

    subit ille minantem,

    id. ib. 8, 84:

    Aeneae mucronem,

    Verg. A. 10, 798:

    qui procul hostium conspectu subibant aquam,

    Curt. 4, 13, 10:

    Hispo subit juvenes, i. e. paedicat,

    Juv. 2, 50.—
    b.
    Of things:

    umbra subit terras,

    Ov. M. 11, 61:

    quos (lucos) aquae subeunt et aurae,

    enter, Hor. C. 3, 4, 8:

    montes Trasimenus,

    Liv. 22, 4, 2:

    litora pelagus, Mel. praef. 2: mare quod Ciliciam subit,

    Curt. 7, 3, 19:

    radices (petrae) Indus amnis subit,

    id. 8, 11, 7:

    clarus subit Alba Latinum,

    succeeds, Ov. M. 14, 612 (al. clarus subit ecce Latinum Epytus); cf. id. ib. 1, 114:

    furcas subiere columnae,

    come into the place of, succeed, id. ib. 8, 700:

    aqua subit altitudinem exortus sui,

    rises to, reaches, Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57:

    lunamque deficere cum aut terram subiret aut sole premeretur,

    Curt. 4, 10, 5.—
    2.
    In partic., to approach secretly, to steal upon or into (cf. supra, I. A. 2.):

    multi Nomine divorum thalamos subiere pudicos,

    Ov. M. 3, 282:

    subit furtim lumina fessa sopor,

    id. H. 19, 56.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen. (very rare):

    sera deinde poenitentia subiit regem,

    came upon, overtook, Curt. 3, 2, 19.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To come into, enter, occur to one's mind (cf. supra, I. B. 2.):

    deinde cogitatio animum subiit, indignum esse, etc.,

    Liv. 36, 20:

    ut beneficiorum memoria subiret animos patrum,

    id. 37, 49, 3:

    spes animum subibat deflagrare iras vestras posse,

    id. 40, 8, 9:

    otiosum animum aliae cogitationes,

    Quint. 11, 2, 33:

    majora intellectu animos non subibunt,

    id. 1, 2, 28:

    mentem subit, quo praemia facto, etc.,

    Ov. M. 12, 472; 7, 170:

    subit ergo regem verecundia,

    Curt. 5, 2, 15:

    me recordantem miseratio,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 7, 10: feminas voluptas, id. Pan. 22, 3:

    horum cogitatio subibat exercitum,

    Curt. 7, 1, 4.—
    b.
    To follow in speech, interrupt, answer (post - class. and rare):

    dicturum plura parentem Voce subis,

    Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 352:

    subit ille loquentem talibus,

    id. Cons. Mall. Theod. 173; id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 133.—
    c.
    (The figure taken from stooping under a load, under blows, etc.) To subject one's self to, take upon one's self an evil; to undergo, submit to, sustain, endure, suffer it (class.;

    a favorite expression of Cic.): omnes terrores periculaque omnia succurram atque subibo,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:

    omnia tela intenta in patriam subire atque excipere,

    id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:

    quis est non ultro appetendus, subeundus, excipiendus dolor?

    id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14:

    subire vim atque injuriam,

    id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41:

    inimicitiae sunt: subeantur,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 182:

    maximas rei publicae tempestates,

    id. Mur. 2, 4:

    invidiam, pericula, tempestates,

    id. Fam. 15, 4, 12:

    nefarias libidinum contumelias turpitudinesque,

    id. Pis. 35, 86:

    potentiam, victoriam,

    id. Fam. 6, 1, 6:

    contumeliarum verbera,

    id. Rep. 1, 5, 9:

    majora Verbera,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 120:

    non praecipuam, sed parem cum ceteris fortunae condicionem,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

    fortunam,

    id. Fam. 14, 5, 1:

    judicium multitudinis imperitae,

    id. Fl. 1, 2:

    odium eorum,

    id. Att. 11, 17, 2:

    usum omnium,

    id. de Or. 1, 34, 157:

    aliquid invidiae aut criminis,

    id. N. D. 3, 1, 3:

    quemque casum,

    id. Att. 8, 1, 3:

    quamvis carnificinam,

    id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

    dupli poenam,

    id. Off. 3, 16, 65:

    legis vim,

    id. Caecin. 34, 100:

    summae crudelitatis famam,

    id. Cat. 4, 6, 12; cf.:

    minus sermonis,

    id. Att. 11, 6, 2:

    poenam exsilii,

    Val. Max. 6, 5, 3:

    simultates,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 18, 5:

    offensas,

    id. ib. 13, 9, 26:

    periculum,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 11, 7:

    jam tum peregrinos ritus novā subeunte fortunā,

    Curt. 4, 6, 29. —With inf., to attempt, try, undertake:

    adversa tela pellere,

    Stat. S. 5, 2, 105:

    clavum torquere,

    Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 46.— Hence, sŭbĭtus, a, um, P. a., that has come on suddenly or unexpectedly, i. e. sudden, unexpected (freq. and class.; cf.:

    repens, improvisus): res subita,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 23:

    in rebus tam subitis,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 2:

    maris subita tempestas,

    id. Tusc. 3, 22, 52:

    subita et improvisa formido,

    id. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

    laetitia, etc.,

    Auct. Her. 1, 8, 13:

    subita pugna, non praeparata,

    Quint. 7, 1, 35:

    ut sunt Gallorum subita et repentina consilia,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 8:

    novae rei ac subitae admiratio,

    Liv. 2, 2:

    bellum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 7:

    incursiones hostium,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 11:

    ministeria belli,

    Liv. 4, 27:

    imbres,

    Lucr. 5, 216:

    vis,

    id. 1, 286; 4, 1210:

    res,

    id. 6, 1282:

    mors,

    Quint. 7, 2, 14:

    casus,

    id. 10, 3, 3; Suet. Aug. 73:

    tristia,

    Val. Max. 1, 6, 12:

    silentium,

    Quint. 12, 5, 3: miles, hastily collected (opp. vetus expertusque;

    syn. subitarius),

    Tac. H. 4, 76; cf.:

    aqua mulsa subita ac recens (opp. inveterata),

    Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 110: imagines non subitae, not newly sprung up, i. e. old, ancient, Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3:

    homo,

    rash, Cic. Pis. Fragm. 5: clivi, sudden, i. e. steep, Stat. Th. 6, 258.—Esp., = subito (post-Aug.):

    non percussor ille subitus erumpet?

    Quint. 6, 2, 31; so,

    manūs dux Trapezuntem subitus irrupit,

    Tac. H. 3, 47:

    subitum inopinatumque venisse,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 3:

    evadere,

    Flor. 4, 2, 59.—
    2.
    As subst.: sŭbĭtum, i. n., a sudden or unexpected thing, a sudden occurrence, etc.:

    Lesbonicum foras evocate: ita subitum'st, propere eum conventum volo,

    Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 51; cf.:

    subitum est ei remigrare,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 2:

    si tibi subiti nihil est,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 36:

    in subito,

    Plin. 7, 44, 45, § 143.—In plur.:

    ut subitis ex tempore occurrant,

    Quint. 10, 7, 30; cf.:

    etiam fortes viros subitis terreri,

    Tac. A. 15, 59:

    quamvis non deficeretur ad subita extemporali facultate,

    Suet. Aug. 84:

    si repentina ac subita dominantur,

    Sen. Ep. 16, 6: sive meditata sive subita proferret, whether he spoke after deliberation or off-hand, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 2.—With gen.:

    ad subita rerum,

    Liv. 9, 43:

    ad subita belli,

    id. 6, 32; 25, 15, 20; Flor. 1, 1, 11.—
    b.
    Adverb., suddenly, unexpectedly:

    per subitum erumpit clamor,

    Sil. 10, 505; so,

    per subitum,

    id. 7, 594; 8, 628; 12, 654; 14, 330; 15, 145;

    15, 404: in subitum,

    id. 7, 527: ad subitum, Cassiod. Var. praef. med. —Hence, adv.: sŭbĭtō, suddenly, unexpectedly (freq. and class.; cf.: repente, extemplo, ilico): ut subito, ut propere, ut valide tonuit! Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 10; cf. id. Curc. 2, 3, 4:

    nova res subito mihi haec objecta est,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 7:

    ita abripuit repente sese subito,

    id. Mil. 2, 2, 21:

    subito tanta te impendent mala,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 2:

    cum tot bella subito atque improviso nascantur,

    Cic. Font. 19, 42:

    ex oculis subito fugit,

    Verg. G. 4, 499:

    cum subito ecce,

    Cic. Caecin. 10, 30:

    ut subito nostras Hymen cantatus ad aures Venit,

    Ov. H. 12, 137; Curt. 9, 9, 19:

    subito deficere,

    Quint. 7, 2, 14:

    quod serenā nocte subito candens et plena luna defecisset,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 15, 23:

    tantus subito timor omnem exercitum occupavit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 39:

    subito opprimi,

    Liv. 41, 3:

    si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 17 et. saep.:

    subito dicere,

    without preparation, extempore, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

    quod vox et gestus subito sumi non potest,

    id. ib. 1, 59, 252:

    neque potest quisquam nostrum subito fingi,

    id. Sull. 25, 69:

    aliquid subito ex tempore conjectura explicare,

    id. Div. 1, 33, 72; so,

    dicere,

    Quint. 10, 3, 30; 11, 3, 12:

    inventa (opp. domo allata),

    id. 4, 5, 4:

    cum subito evaserunt,

    Col. 9, 9, 3:

    tam subito copias contrahere non potuit,

    so quickly, Nep. Dat. 7, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > subeo

  • 7 ā

       ā    (before consonants), ab (before vowels, h, and some consonants, esp. l, n, r, s), abs (usu. only before t and q, esp. freq. before the pron. te), old af, praep. with abl., denoting separation or departure (opp. ad).    I. Lit., in space, from, away from, out of.    A. With motion: ab urbe proficisci, Cs.: a supero mari Flaminia (est via), leads: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun: usque a mari supero Romam proficisci, all the way from; with names of cities and small islands, or with domo, home (for the simple abl; of motion, away from, not out of, a place); hence, of raising a siege, of the march of soldiers, the setting out of a fleet, etc.: oppidum ab Aeneā fugiente a Troiā conditum: ab Alesiā, Cs.: profectus ab Orico cum classe, Cs.; with names of persons or with pronouns: cum a vobis discessero: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, i. e. from his house, T.; (praegn.): a rege munera repudiare, from, sent by, N.—    B. Without motion.    1. Of separation or distance: abesse a domo paulisper maluit: tum Brutus ab Romā aberat, S.: hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat, Cs.: a foro longe abesse: procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt, Cs.: cum esset bellum tam prope a Siciliā; so with numerals to express distance: ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo, eight miles distant, Cs.: ab milibus passuum minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off, Cs.; so rarely with substantives: quod tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio instrueretur, so far away, Cs.—    2. To denote a side or direction, etc., at, on, in: ab sinistrā parte nudatis castris, on the left, Cs.: ab eā parte, quā, etc., on that side, S.: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, Cs.: ab decumanā portā castra munita, at the main entrance, Cs.: crepuit hinc a Glycerio ostium, of the house of G., T.: (cornua) ab labris argento circumcludunt, on the edges, Cs.; hence, a fronte, in the van; a latere, on the flank; a tergo, in the rear, behind; a dextro cornu, on the right wing; a medio spatio, half way.—    II. Fig.    A. Of time.    1. Of a point of time, after: Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus, immediately after, Cs.: ab eo magistratu, after this office, S.: recens a volnere Dido, fresh from her wound, V.: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine, i. e. after leaving, L.: ab his, i. e. after these words, hereupon, O.: ab simili <*>ade domo profugus, i. e. after and in consequence of, L.—    2. Of a period of time, from, since, after: ab hora tertiā bibebatur, from the third hour: ab Sullā et Pompeio consulibus, since the consulship of: ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumum annum, since, S.: augures omnes usque ab Romulo, since the time of: iam inde ab infelici pugnā ceciderant animi, from (and in consequence of), L.; hence, ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first: ab integro, anew, afresh: ab... ad, from (a time)... to: cum ab horā septimā ad vesperum pugnatum sit, Cs.; with nouns or adjectives denoting a time of life: iam inde a pueritiā, T.: a pueritiā: a pueris: iam inde ab incunabulis, L.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, L.: ab parvulis, Cs.—    B. In other relations.    1. To denote separation, deterring, intermitting, distinction, difference, etc., from: quo discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem: propius abesse ab ortu: alter ab illo, next after him, V.: Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus, next in rank to, H.: impotentia animi a temperantiā dissidens: alieno a te animo fuit, estranged; so with adjj. denoting free, strange, pure, etc.: res familiaris casta a cruore civili: purum ab humano cultu solum, L.: (opoidum) vacuum ab defensoribus, Cs.: alqm pudicum servare ab omni facto, etc., II.; with substt.: impunitas ab iudicio: ab armis quies dabatur, L.; or verbs: haec a custodiis loca vacabant, Cs.—    2. To denote the agent, by: qui (Mars) saepe spoliantem iam evertit et perculit ab abiecto, by the agency of: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro: si quid ei a Caesare gravius accidisset, at Caesar's hands, Cs.: vetus umor ab igne percaluit solis, under, O.: a populo P. imperia perferre, Cs.: equo lassus ab indomito, H.: volgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus? by whose hands and upon whose orders? factus ab arte decor, artificial, O.: destitutus ab spe, L.; (for the sake of the metre): correptus ab ignibus, O.; (poet. with abl. of means or instr.): intumuit venter ab undā, O.—Ab with abl. of agent for the dat., to avoid ambiguity, or for emphasis: quibus (civibus) est a vobis consulendum: te a me nostrae consuetudinis monendum esse puto.—    3. To denote source, origin, extraction, from, of: Turnus ab Ariciā, L.: si ego me a M. Tullio esse dicerem: oriundi ab Sabinis, L.: dulces a fontibus undae, V.—With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping (cf. a parte), from, on the part of: a quo quidem genere, iudices, ego numquam timui: nec ab Romanis vobis ulla est spes, you can expect nothing from the Romans, L.; (ellipt.): haec a servorum bello pericula, threatened by: quem metus a praetore Romano stimulabat, fear of what the praetor might do, L.—With verbs of paying, etc., solvere, persolvere, dare (pecuniam) ab aliquo, to pay through, by a draft on, etc.: se praetor dedit, a quaestore numeravit, quaestor a mensā publicā, by an order on the quaestor: ei legat pecuniam a filio, to be paid by his son: scribe decem (milia) a Nerio, pay by a draft on Nerius, H.; cognoscere ab aliquā re, to know or learn by means of something (but ab aliquo, from some one): id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse, Cs.; in giving an etymology: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, L.—Rarely with verbs of beginning and repeating: coepere a fame mala, L.: a se suisque orsus, Ta.—    4. With verbs of freeing from, defending, protecting, from, against: ut a proeliis quietem habuerant, L.: provincia a calamitate est defendenda: sustinere se a lapsu, L.—    5. With verbs and adjectives, to define the respect in which, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of: orba ab optimatibus contio: mons vastus ab naturā et humano cultu, S.: ne ab re sint omissiores, too neglectful of money or property, T.: posse a facundiā, in the matter of eloquence, T.; cf. with laborare, for the simple abl, in, for want of: laborare ab re frumentariā, Cs.—    6. In stating a motive, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: patres ab honore appellati, L.: inops tum urbs ab longinquā obsidione, L.—    7. Indicating a part of the whole, of, out of: scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto, Cs.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).—    8. Marking that to which anything belongs: qui sunt ab eā disciplinā: nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt.—    9. Of a side or party: vide ne hoc totum sit a me, makes for my view: vir ab innocentiā clementissimus, in favor of.—10. In late prose, of an office: ab epistulis, a secretary, Ta. Note. Ab is not repeated with a following pron interrog. or relat.: Arsinoën, Stratum, Naupactum... fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc. It is often separated from the word which it governs: a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo: a minus bono, S.: a satis miti principio, L.—The poets join a and que, making āque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.): aque Chao, V.: aque mero, O.—In composition, ab- stands before vowels, and h, b, d, i consonant, l, n, r, s; abs- before c, q, t; b is dropped, leaving as- before p; ā- is found in āfuī, āfore ( inf fut. of absum); and au- in auferō, aufugiō.
    * * *
    I
    Ah!; (distress/regret/pity, appeal/entreaty, surprise/joy, objection/contempt)
    II
    by (agent), from (departure, cause, remote origin/time); after (reference)
    III
    ante, abb. a.

    in calendar expression a. d. = ante diem -- before the day

    Latin-English dictionary > ā

  • 8 caedēs

        caedēs (old caedis, L.), is, f    [2 SAC-, SEC-], a cutting-down: ilex per caedes Ducit opes, gathers vigor by the blows, H.—A killing, slaughter, carnage, massacre: civium: magistratuum: designat oculis ad caedem unumquemque nostrum: Iam non pugna sed caedes erat, Cu.: ex mediā caede effugere, L.: homines Caedibus deterruit, H.: magnā caede factā, N.: caedem in aliquem facere, S.: caedes et incendia facere, L.: sternere caede viros, V.: saeva, O.: arma Militibus sine caede Derepta, without a battle, H.: Nullum in caede nefas, in killing (me), V.: studiosus caedis ferinae (i. e. ferarum), O.: bidentium, H.—Meton., persons slaughtered, the slain: caedis acervi, V.: plenae caedibus viae, Ta.: par utrimque, L. — The blood shed, gore: tepidā recens Caede locus, V.: caede madentes, O.: permixta flumina caede, Ct.: quod mare Non decoloravere caedes? H.— A murderous attack: nostrae iniuria caedis, on us, V.
    * * *
    murder/slaughter/massacre; assassination; feuding; slain/victims; blood/gore

    Latin-English dictionary > caedēs

  • 9 conglūtinātiō

        conglūtinātiō ōnis, f    [conglutino], a cementing, joining: verborum. — A union, compound: recens.
    * * *
    joint; joining by cohesion; gluing/cementing/joining together (L+S)

    Latin-English dictionary > conglūtinātiō

  • 10 crēscō

        crēscō crēvī, crētus, ere, inch.    [1 CER-], to come into being, spring up: crescit seges, O.—P. perf., with abl, arisen, descended, born, produced (poet.): mortali semine, O.: Alcanore, V.: ab origine eādem, O.: Troiano a sanguine, V.—To rise, grow, grow up, thrive, increase, swell, enlarge: ut (ostrea) cum lunā pariter crescant: (caulis) crevit in agris, H.: cresce, puer, O.: Liger ex nivibus creverat, was swollen, Cs.: in frondem crines, to grow into, O.: manūs in unguīs, O.: Cresceret in <*>entrem cucumis, swell, V.: Crescit hydrops, H.: <*>t clivo crevisse putes, O.: non mihi crevisse amicos, increased in number: crescentīs abstulit annos, i. e. her prime, O.—Fig., to grow, increase, be enlarged, be strengthened: plagae crescunt, T.: hostium opes animique: vires, L.: vim crescere victis, V.: (rem) maximis auctibus crescere, L.: primo pecuniae, deinde imperi cupido, S.: inopia omnium, L.: crescetis, amores, V.: Crescit amor nummi, Iu.: usque ego posterā Crescam laude recens, H.: Crescit velut arbor Fama Marcelli, H.: crescente vento, Ct.: Aspera crescit hiems, O.— To rise, be promoted, prosper, become great, attain honor: ex quibus possem crescere: laboribus pubes crevit, in glory, H.: de multis, at the expense of: dignitate, gratiā, N.: ex nostro maerore, to take courage, O.: date crescendi copiam (iis) qui, etc., T.: crescendi in curiā occasio, L.
    * * *
    crescere, crevi, cretus V INTRANS
    come forth/to be; arise/spring (from); be born; become visible/great; grow (up); thrive, increase (size/number/honor), multiply; ascend; attain, be promoted

    Latin-English dictionary > crēscō

  • 11 cūra

        cūra ae, f    [CAV-], trouble, care, attention, pains, industry, diligence, exertion: magnā cum curā tueri, Cs.: in aliquā re curam ponere: consulum in re p. custodiendā: saucios cum curā reficere, S.: cura adiuvat (formam), art sets off, O.: lentis, culture, V.: boum, rearing, V.: eo maiore curā illam (rem p.) administrari, S.: in re unā consumere curam, H.: sive cura illud sive inquisitio erat, friendly interest, Ta.: Curaque finitimos vincere maior erat, more pressing business, O.: nec sit mihi cura mederi, nor let me try, V.: vos curis solvi ceteris, T.: difficilis rerum alienarum, management: bonarum rerum, attention to, S.: deorum, service, L.: Caesaris, H.: peculi, V.: de publicā re et privatā: tamquam de Samnitibus curam agerent, as if the business in hand were, etc., L.: non tam pro Aetolis cura erat, quam ne, etc., L.—In dat predicat.: Curae (alcui) esse, to be an object of (one's) care, to take care of, attend to, bestow pains upon: pollicitus est, sibi eam rem curae futuram, should be his business, Cs.: rati sese dis curae esse, S.: nullius salus curae pluribus fuit: Quin id erat curae, that is just how I was occupied, H.: dumque amor est curae, O.: magis vis morbi curae erat, L.: Caesari de augendā meā dignitate curae fore: de ceteris senatui curae fore, S.: petitionem suam curae habere, S.: curae sibi habere certiorem facere Atticum, etc., N.—Administration, charge, oversight, command, office: rerum p. minime cupiunda, S.: navium, Ta.: legionis armandae, Ta.: tempora curarum remissionumque divisa, Ta.—Poet., a guardian, overseer: fidelis harae, i. e. the swine-herd Eumaeus, O.—Study, reflection: animus cum his habitans curis: cura et meditatio, Ta.—A result of study, work: recens, O.: inedita, O.: quorum in manūs cura nostra venerit, Ta.—A means of healing, remedy: doloris: Illa fuit lacrimis ultima cura meis (of sleep), Pr.—Anxiety, solicitude, concern, disquiet, trouble, grief, sorrow: maxima: gravissima: cottidianā curā angere animum, T.: curae metūsque: neque curae neque gaudio locum esse, S.: gravi saucia curā, V.: edaces, H.: de coniuge, O.: quam pro me curam geris, V.: curae, quae animum divorse trahunt, T.—The care of love, anxiety of love, love: iuvenum curas referre, H.: curā removente soporem, O.—A loved object, mistress: tua cura, Lycoris, V.: iuvenum, H.: Veneris iustissima, worthiest, V.: tua cura, palumbes, V.—Person., Care, H.: Curae, Cares, Anxieties, V.
    * * *
    concern, worry, anxiety, trouble; attention, care, pains, zeal; cure, treatment; office/task/responsibility/post; administration, supervision; command (army)

    Latin-English dictionary > cūra

  • 12 faenum or fēnum

        faenum or fēnum ī, n    [FEN-], hay: recens, O.: faenum alios aiebat ēsse oportere, ought to feed on hay, i. e. are stupid as oxen: faenum habet in cornu, i. e. is dangerous (as an ox whose horns were bound with hay), H.

    Latin-English dictionary > faenum or fēnum

  • 13 fossiō

        fossiō ōnis, f    [FOD-], a digging: recens: fossiones agri.
    * * *
    digging; ditch

    Latin-English dictionary > fossiō

  • 14 opīniō

        opīniō ōnis, f    [opinor], opinion, supposition, conjecture, fancy, belief, expectation: recens boni praesentis: varietas inter homines opinionis: ut opinio nostra est, as I suppose: Romulus habuit opinionem esse, etc., held the belief that: fuisse in illā opinione, held the opinion: evellam ex animis hominum tantam opinionem? so strong a prejudice: eorum opinioni accedo, qui, etc., Ta.: in eam opinionem Caesennam adducebat, ut, made believe: praebere opinionem timoris, semblance, Cs.: hac opinione discessi, ut, etc., in the belief: praeter nostram opinionem, expectation, T.: ut omnia contra opinionem acciderent, Cs.: praeter opinionem cadere, N.: amplius opinione, beyond expectation, S.: opinione celerius, sooner than was expected.—Appreciation, esteem, reputation, opinion, estimate, expectation: opinio, quam de meis moribus habebat: integritatis meae: genus scriptorum tuorum vicit opinionem meam, surpassed my expectation: summam habere iustitiae opinionem, be in great repute for, Cs.—A report, rumor: edita in volgus, Cs.: opinio sine auctore exierat, eas conspirasse, etc., L.
    * * *
    belief, idea, opinion; rumour (Plater)

    Latin-English dictionary > opīniō

  • 15 sub-eō

        sub-eō iī    (-īvit, O.; -īvimus, Ta.), itus, īre, to come under, go under, enter: in nemoris latebras, O.: cum luna sub orbem solis subisset, L.: tectum, i. e. enter a house, Cs.: Triviae lucos atque aurea tecta, V.: cavum artum, H.: paludem, i. e. plunge into, O.: aquam, Cu.: si subeuntur prospera castra, Iu.—Poet., with dat: portu Chaonio, V.—To come up, advance, ascend, draw near, approach: subeunt herbae, spring up, V.: in adversos montīs, L.: testudine factā subeunt, press forward, Cs.: subeundum erat ad hostīs, L.: saxa ingerit in subeuntīs, climbing, L.: amne, i. e. sail up, Cu.: mixtum flumini subibat mare, i. e. was against them, Cu.: aciem subeuntium muros adgrediuntur, L.: subimus Inpositum saxis Auxur, H.: Umbra subit terras, comes over, O.: Fadumque Herbesumque, i. e. attack, V.—Poet., with dat: muro subibant, V.—To go under, support, take up, submit to: pars ingenti subiere feretro, i. e. carried on their shoulders, V.: Ipse subibo umeris, i. e. will take you up on, V.: currum dominae subiere leones, were harnessed to, V.: umeris parentem, V.—In order or time, to come under, come after, succeed, follow, take the place of: Pone subit coniunx, V.: subit ipse meumque Explet opus, takes my place, O.: furcas subiere columnae, took the place of, O.: subeuntes alii aliis in custodiam, relieving, L.; cf. subit esse priori Causa recens, O.—To slip under, elude: Aeneae mucronem, V.—To come stealthily, steal on, approach imperceptibly: subeunt morbi tristisque senectus, V.: subit Iumina fessa sopor, O.—Fig., to come upon, overtake: sua deinde paenitentia subiit regem, Cu.—In the mind, to come up, be thought of, enter, occur, suggest itself, recur: omnes sententiae sub acumen stili subeant necesse est: cum subeant audita et cognita nobis, O.: subiit cari genitoris imago... subiit deserta Creusa, V.: Subit, hanc arcana profana Detexisse manu, O.: dein cogitatio animum subiit, indignum esse, etc., L.: mentem subit, quo praemia facto, etc., O.: horum cogitatio subibat exercitum, Cu.—To subject oneself to, take upon oneself, undergo, submit to, sustain, accept, endure, suffer: omnes terrores: quis est non ultro subeundus dolor?: inimicitiae subeantur: maiora Verbera, H.: multitudinis inperitae iudicium esse subeundum: eorum odium: peregrinos ritūs novā subeunte fortunā, Cu.

    Latin-English dictionary > sub-eō

  • 16 academia

    ăcădēmī̆a, ae, f., = akadêmeia, and less correctly akadêmia, the Academy, a gymnasium about six stadia from Athens, named after the hero Academos or Echedemos (cf. Plut. Thes. 31), celebrated as the place where Plato taught; whence his scholars were called Academici, and his doctrine Philosophia Academica, in distinction from Stoica, Cynica, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 21, 98; id. Or. 3, 12; id. Fin. 5, 1, 1 al.—
    II.
    Meton.
    A.
    For The philosophy of the Academy:

    instaret academia, quae quidquid dixisses, id te ipsum scire negaret,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 43; id. Off. 3, 4, 20 al.:

    Academia vetus,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 18; id. Fin. 5, 8, 21:

    recens,

    id. Leg. 1, 13, 39; cf.

    recentior,

    id. de Or. 3, 18, 68;

    and adulescentior,

    id. Fam. 9, 8, 1:

    nova,

    id. Ac. 1, 12, 46 al. —
    B.
    Cicero, as a partisan of the Academic philosophy, named his estate, on the way from Lake Avernus to Puteoli, Academia; there also he wrote the Academica. He had another Academia at his Tusculan Villa, Cic. Tusc. 2, 3; 3, 3; id. Att. 1, 4, 3 al. (The i long, Cic. Div. 1, 13, 22; Tull. Laurea ap. Plin. 31, 2, 3, § 8;

    short,

    Claud. de Cons. Mall. Theod. 94; Sid. 15, 120.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > academia

  • 17 adsiduissime

    1.
    assĭdŭus ( ads-, perh. only by confusion of 1. assiduus with 2. assiduus), i, m. [as-do; cf.

    infra,

    Gell. 16, 10, 15 ], a tributepayer; a name given by Servius Tullius to the citizens of the upper and more wealthy classes, in opp. to proletarii, citizens of the lowest classes, who benefit the state only by their progeny (proles).
    I.
    A.. Lit.:

    cum locupletes assiduos (Servius) appellāsset ab aere dando,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40.—So in the Twelve Tables:

    adsiduo vindex adsiduus esto. Proletario jam civi, cui quis volet vindex esto,

    Gell. 16, 10, 5; cf.

    Dirks. Transl. 154 sq.: locuples enim est assiduus, ut ait L. Aelius, appellatus ab aere dando,

    Cic. Top. 2, 10; Varr. ap. Non. p. 67, 25: quibus erant pecuniae satis locupletes, assiduos;

    contrarios proletarios,

    id. ib.:

    assiduum ab aere dando,

    Quint. 5, 10, 55:

    adsiduus in Duodecim Tabulis pro locuplete dictus, ab assibus, id est aere dando,

    Gell. 16, 10, 15: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur. Alii assiduum locupletem, quasi multorum assium dictum putārunt. Alii eum, qui sumptu proprio militabat, ab asse dando vocatum existimārunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.:

    ditiores qui asses dabant, assidui dicti sunt,

    Charis. p. 58 P.; cf. vindex ap. Cassiod. Orth. p. 2318 P.:

    assiduus dicebatur apud antiquos, qui assibus ad aerarii expensam conferendis erat,

    Isid. Orig. 10, 17; cf. Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 1, pp. 496-502.—
    B.
    Meton., a rich person:

    noctīsque diesque adsiduo satis superque est,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 14.—
    II.
    Trop., adject. of a first-rate, classical writer:

    classicus adsiduusque aliquis scriptor, non proletarius,

    Gell. 19, 8, 15 (cf. on the other hand:

    Proletario sermone nunc quidem utere,

    common talk, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 157).
    2.
    assĭdŭus ( ads-, Ritschl, Lachm., Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Weissenb., Jahn; ass-, Merk., Halm, K. and H.), a, um, adj. [from assideo, as continuus from contineo, etc.]:

    Itaque qui adest, adsiduus (est),

    Varr. L. L. 7, § 99; but more correctly: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur, to have sat down to it, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.; hence,
    I.
    Constantly present somewhere, attending to, busy or occupied with something (cf. deses, idle, from desideo):

    cum hic filius adsiduus in praediis esset,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 7; id. Att. 4, 8, b, §

    3: fuit adsiduus mecum praetore me,

    id. Cael. 4, 10; Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 6; Vulg. Eccli. 9, 4; 37, 15:

    semper boni adsiduique domini (i. e. qui frequenter adest in praediis) referta cella vinariā, oleariā, etc.,

    Cic. Sen. 16, 56:

    suos liberos agricolas adsiduos esse cupiunt,

    id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

    flagitator,

    id. Brut. 5, 18:

    his potius tradam adsiduis uno opere eandem incudem diem noctemque tundentibus,

    id. de Or. 2, 39, 162:

    Elevat adsiduos copia longa viros,

    Prop. 3, 31, 44:

    campus, Assiduis pulsatus equis,

    Ov. M. 6, 219:

    adsiduus in oculis hominum fuerat,

    Liv. 35, 10:

    hostis, adsiduus magis quam gravis,

    id. 2, 48:

    canes adsiduiores,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 9:

    circa scholas adsiduus,

    Suet. Tib. 11:

    (patrimonia) majora fiunt Incude adsiduā semperque ardente camino,

    by the busy anvil, Juv. 14, 118:

    Retibus adsiduis penitus scrutante macello Proxima,

    id. 5, 95:

    Quem cavat adsiduis sudibus,

    id. 6, 248:

    in mandatis illius maxime adsiduus esto,

    Vulg. Eccli. 6, 37; 12, 3.—So of the constant attendance of candidates for office, Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37 (cf. these passages in their connection).—Hence sarcastically of parasites:

    urbani adsidui cives, quos scurras vocant,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 165.—
    II.
    With the prominent idea of continuance in time, continual, unremitting, incessant, perpetual, constant (very freq. both in prose and poetry):

    foro operam adsiduam dare,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 22: ludis adsiduas operas dare, [p. 180] Lucr. 4, 974:

    pars terraï perusta solibus adsiduis,

    id. 5, 252:

    imbres,

    id. 5, 341; Cic. Att. 13, 16:

    motus,

    Lucr. 1, 995, and 4, 392;

    2, 97: repulsus,

    id. 4, 106:

    casus,

    id. 5, 205:

    frequentia,

    Cic. Planc. 8 fin.; Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37: febricula, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

    adsidua ac diligens scriptura,

    Cic. Or. 1, 33, 150:

    recordatio,

    id. Fin. 1, 12, 41:

    deorum adsidua insidens cura,

    Liv. 1, 21:

    deprecatio justi adsidua,

    Vulg. Jac. 5, 16:

    (portae) adsiduus custos,

    Liv. 34, 9:

    longa temporum quies et continuum populi otium et assidua senatūs tranquillitas, etc.,

    Tac. Or. 38:

    sterilitates,

    Suet. Claud. 18:

    quantum (nominis) Octavius abstulit udo Caedibus adsiduis gladio,

    Juv. 8, 243:

    barbarorum incursus,

    Suet. Vesp. 8:

    vasa aurea adsiduissimi usūs,

    id. Aug. 71:

    ignis,

    Tib. 1, 1, 6:

    aqua,

    Prop. 2, 1, 68; 2, 19, 31; 3, 11, 56 al.:

    libidines,

    id. 2, 16, 14:

    Hic ver adsiduum atque alienis mensibus aestas,

    Verg. G. 2, 149:

    nubes,

    Ov. M. 1, 66:

    gemitus,

    id. ib. 2, 486 et saep.: Non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes, * Hor. Epod. 15, 13.—Sometimes said with a degree of impatience, constant, everlasting, eternal:

    lapsus Tectorum adsiduos,

    Juv. 3, 8:

    obvius adsiduo Syrophoenix udus amomo,

    with his everlasting perfume, id. 8, 159 Jahn:

    adsiduo ruptae lectore columnae,

    id. 1, 13.—Hence adv., continually, constantly, without intermission.
    I.
    Form as-sĭdŭō ( ads-):

    operam dare alicui,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 37:

    edere,

    id. Mil. 1, 1, 50:

    perpotare,

    id. Most. 4, 2, 60:

    esse cum aliquo,

    id. Truc. 2, 4, 68:

    quaerere aliquid,

    Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 16:

    adesse,

    Dig. 40, 4, 44.—Far more freq.,
    II.
    Form assĭdŭē ( ads-):

    ubi sum adsidue, scio,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 20:

    in ore indisciplinatorum adsidue erit,

    Vulg. Eccli. 20, 26:

    Adsidue veniebat,

    Verg. E. 2, 4:

    homines nobiles adsidue unā scribere,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 16:

    adsidue cantare,

    Cic. Div. 1, 34, 74:

    alia, quae suis locis dicentur adsidue,

    Plin. 24, 1, 1, § 3:

    Cum assidue minores parentibus liberi essent,

    Quint. 6, 3, 67:

    agere aliquid,

    Ter. Heaut. prol. 29:

    ut oculis adsidue videmus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 41, 104:

    audire aliquid,

    id. Mil. 34, 93: frequenter et adsidue consequi aliquid, Auct. ad Her. 4, 56, 69:

    laudare aliquid,

    Vulg. Eccli. 51, 15:

    interrogari,

    ib. ib. 23, 11:

    litteris uti,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 15:

    convivari,

    Suet. Aug. 74:

    frequentare aedem,

    id. ib. 91:

    gestare aliquem ornatum,

    id. Calig. 52:

    DEFLERE ALIQVEM,

    Inscr. Grut. 950, 8:

    adsidue recens,

    Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Comp not found.—
    * Sup. assĭdŭissimē ( ads-):

    Adsiduissime mecum fuit Dionysius,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 316: salientes (aquae) adsiduissime interdiu et noctu, Sen. Cons. ap. Front. Aquaed. 2, p. 252; for the comparison of the adj. and adv. (as in arduus, exiguus, egregius, industrius, perpetuus, etc.), v. Rudd. I. p. 180, n. 58.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adsiduissime

  • 18 adsiduus

    1.
    assĭdŭus ( ads-, perh. only by confusion of 1. assiduus with 2. assiduus), i, m. [as-do; cf.

    infra,

    Gell. 16, 10, 15 ], a tributepayer; a name given by Servius Tullius to the citizens of the upper and more wealthy classes, in opp. to proletarii, citizens of the lowest classes, who benefit the state only by their progeny (proles).
    I.
    A.. Lit.:

    cum locupletes assiduos (Servius) appellāsset ab aere dando,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40.—So in the Twelve Tables:

    adsiduo vindex adsiduus esto. Proletario jam civi, cui quis volet vindex esto,

    Gell. 16, 10, 5; cf.

    Dirks. Transl. 154 sq.: locuples enim est assiduus, ut ait L. Aelius, appellatus ab aere dando,

    Cic. Top. 2, 10; Varr. ap. Non. p. 67, 25: quibus erant pecuniae satis locupletes, assiduos;

    contrarios proletarios,

    id. ib.:

    assiduum ab aere dando,

    Quint. 5, 10, 55:

    adsiduus in Duodecim Tabulis pro locuplete dictus, ab assibus, id est aere dando,

    Gell. 16, 10, 15: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur. Alii assiduum locupletem, quasi multorum assium dictum putārunt. Alii eum, qui sumptu proprio militabat, ab asse dando vocatum existimārunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.:

    ditiores qui asses dabant, assidui dicti sunt,

    Charis. p. 58 P.; cf. vindex ap. Cassiod. Orth. p. 2318 P.:

    assiduus dicebatur apud antiquos, qui assibus ad aerarii expensam conferendis erat,

    Isid. Orig. 10, 17; cf. Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 1, pp. 496-502.—
    B.
    Meton., a rich person:

    noctīsque diesque adsiduo satis superque est,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 14.—
    II.
    Trop., adject. of a first-rate, classical writer:

    classicus adsiduusque aliquis scriptor, non proletarius,

    Gell. 19, 8, 15 (cf. on the other hand:

    Proletario sermone nunc quidem utere,

    common talk, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 157).
    2.
    assĭdŭus ( ads-, Ritschl, Lachm., Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Weissenb., Jahn; ass-, Merk., Halm, K. and H.), a, um, adj. [from assideo, as continuus from contineo, etc.]:

    Itaque qui adest, adsiduus (est),

    Varr. L. L. 7, § 99; but more correctly: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur, to have sat down to it, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.; hence,
    I.
    Constantly present somewhere, attending to, busy or occupied with something (cf. deses, idle, from desideo):

    cum hic filius adsiduus in praediis esset,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 7; id. Att. 4, 8, b, §

    3: fuit adsiduus mecum praetore me,

    id. Cael. 4, 10; Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 6; Vulg. Eccli. 9, 4; 37, 15:

    semper boni adsiduique domini (i. e. qui frequenter adest in praediis) referta cella vinariā, oleariā, etc.,

    Cic. Sen. 16, 56:

    suos liberos agricolas adsiduos esse cupiunt,

    id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

    flagitator,

    id. Brut. 5, 18:

    his potius tradam adsiduis uno opere eandem incudem diem noctemque tundentibus,

    id. de Or. 2, 39, 162:

    Elevat adsiduos copia longa viros,

    Prop. 3, 31, 44:

    campus, Assiduis pulsatus equis,

    Ov. M. 6, 219:

    adsiduus in oculis hominum fuerat,

    Liv. 35, 10:

    hostis, adsiduus magis quam gravis,

    id. 2, 48:

    canes adsiduiores,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 9:

    circa scholas adsiduus,

    Suet. Tib. 11:

    (patrimonia) majora fiunt Incude adsiduā semperque ardente camino,

    by the busy anvil, Juv. 14, 118:

    Retibus adsiduis penitus scrutante macello Proxima,

    id. 5, 95:

    Quem cavat adsiduis sudibus,

    id. 6, 248:

    in mandatis illius maxime adsiduus esto,

    Vulg. Eccli. 6, 37; 12, 3.—So of the constant attendance of candidates for office, Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37 (cf. these passages in their connection).—Hence sarcastically of parasites:

    urbani adsidui cives, quos scurras vocant,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 165.—
    II.
    With the prominent idea of continuance in time, continual, unremitting, incessant, perpetual, constant (very freq. both in prose and poetry):

    foro operam adsiduam dare,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 22: ludis adsiduas operas dare, [p. 180] Lucr. 4, 974:

    pars terraï perusta solibus adsiduis,

    id. 5, 252:

    imbres,

    id. 5, 341; Cic. Att. 13, 16:

    motus,

    Lucr. 1, 995, and 4, 392;

    2, 97: repulsus,

    id. 4, 106:

    casus,

    id. 5, 205:

    frequentia,

    Cic. Planc. 8 fin.; Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37: febricula, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

    adsidua ac diligens scriptura,

    Cic. Or. 1, 33, 150:

    recordatio,

    id. Fin. 1, 12, 41:

    deorum adsidua insidens cura,

    Liv. 1, 21:

    deprecatio justi adsidua,

    Vulg. Jac. 5, 16:

    (portae) adsiduus custos,

    Liv. 34, 9:

    longa temporum quies et continuum populi otium et assidua senatūs tranquillitas, etc.,

    Tac. Or. 38:

    sterilitates,

    Suet. Claud. 18:

    quantum (nominis) Octavius abstulit udo Caedibus adsiduis gladio,

    Juv. 8, 243:

    barbarorum incursus,

    Suet. Vesp. 8:

    vasa aurea adsiduissimi usūs,

    id. Aug. 71:

    ignis,

    Tib. 1, 1, 6:

    aqua,

    Prop. 2, 1, 68; 2, 19, 31; 3, 11, 56 al.:

    libidines,

    id. 2, 16, 14:

    Hic ver adsiduum atque alienis mensibus aestas,

    Verg. G. 2, 149:

    nubes,

    Ov. M. 1, 66:

    gemitus,

    id. ib. 2, 486 et saep.: Non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes, * Hor. Epod. 15, 13.—Sometimes said with a degree of impatience, constant, everlasting, eternal:

    lapsus Tectorum adsiduos,

    Juv. 3, 8:

    obvius adsiduo Syrophoenix udus amomo,

    with his everlasting perfume, id. 8, 159 Jahn:

    adsiduo ruptae lectore columnae,

    id. 1, 13.—Hence adv., continually, constantly, without intermission.
    I.
    Form as-sĭdŭō ( ads-):

    operam dare alicui,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 37:

    edere,

    id. Mil. 1, 1, 50:

    perpotare,

    id. Most. 4, 2, 60:

    esse cum aliquo,

    id. Truc. 2, 4, 68:

    quaerere aliquid,

    Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 16:

    adesse,

    Dig. 40, 4, 44.—Far more freq.,
    II.
    Form assĭdŭē ( ads-):

    ubi sum adsidue, scio,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 20:

    in ore indisciplinatorum adsidue erit,

    Vulg. Eccli. 20, 26:

    Adsidue veniebat,

    Verg. E. 2, 4:

    homines nobiles adsidue unā scribere,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 16:

    adsidue cantare,

    Cic. Div. 1, 34, 74:

    alia, quae suis locis dicentur adsidue,

    Plin. 24, 1, 1, § 3:

    Cum assidue minores parentibus liberi essent,

    Quint. 6, 3, 67:

    agere aliquid,

    Ter. Heaut. prol. 29:

    ut oculis adsidue videmus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 41, 104:

    audire aliquid,

    id. Mil. 34, 93: frequenter et adsidue consequi aliquid, Auct. ad Her. 4, 56, 69:

    laudare aliquid,

    Vulg. Eccli. 51, 15:

    interrogari,

    ib. ib. 23, 11:

    litteris uti,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 15:

    convivari,

    Suet. Aug. 74:

    frequentare aedem,

    id. ib. 91:

    gestare aliquem ornatum,

    id. Calig. 52:

    DEFLERE ALIQVEM,

    Inscr. Grut. 950, 8:

    adsidue recens,

    Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Comp not found.—
    * Sup. assĭdŭissimē ( ads-):

    Adsiduissime mecum fuit Dionysius,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 316: salientes (aquae) adsiduissime interdiu et noctu, Sen. Cons. ap. Front. Aquaed. 2, p. 252; for the comparison of the adj. and adv. (as in arduus, exiguus, egregius, industrius, perpetuus, etc.), v. Rudd. I. p. 180, n. 58.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adsiduus

  • 19 adstruo

    a-strŭo ( ads-, Merk., Halm, Dinter), struxi, structum, 3, v. a., to build near or in addition to a thing, to add (mostly in prose and post-Aug.; never in Cic.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    cum veteri adstruitur recens aedificium,

    Col. 1, 5 fin.:

    utrique (villae) quae desunt,

    Plin. Ep. 9, 7 fin.: sicut ante secunda fortuna tot victorias adstruxerat;

    ita nunc adversa destruens quae cumulaverat,

    Just. 23, 3:

    medicamentum adstruere,

    Scrib. Comp. 227.—
    II.
    In gen.
    A.
    To add to:

    adstrue formae,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 119: victus ab [p. 185] eo Pharnaces vix quicquam gloriae ejus adstruxit, Vell. 2, 55:

    aliquid magnificentiae,

    Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 119; so,

    dignitati,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 2, 5:

    famae,

    id. ib. 4, 17, 7:

    felicitati,

    id. Pan. 74, 2:

    alicui laudem,

    id. ib. 46, 8:

    alicui nobilitatem ac decus,

    Tac. H. 1, 78:

    consulari ac triumphalibus ornamentis praedito quid aliud adstruere fortuna poterat?

    id. Agr. 44:

    adstruit auditis... pavor,

    Sil. 4, 8:

    ut quae Neroni falsus adstruit scriptor,

    ascribes, imputes, Mart. 3, 20:

    ut Livium quoque priorum aetati adstruas, i.e. annumeres,

    Vell. 1, 17.—
    B.
    To furnish with something (syn. instruo):

    contignationem laterculo adstruxerunt,

    covered, fastened, Caes. B. C. 2, 9.— Trop.:

    aliquem falsis criminibus,

    i.e. to charge, Curt. 10, 1.
    The signif.
    affirmare, which Agroet. p. 2268 P., and Beda, p. 2334 P. give, is found in no Lat. author; for in Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 83, instead of adstruxerunt, it is better to read adseverant; v. Sillig ad h. l.; so also Jan.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adstruo

  • 20 aeger

    aeger, gra, grum, adj. [Curtius proposes to connect it with ep-eigô, to press, drive; aigis, storm-wind; aiges, waves; and Sanscr. egāmi, to tremble; trembling, shaking, being a common symptom of illness], designates indisposition, as well of mind as of body (while aegrotus is generally used only of physical disease; class.; in Cic. far more frequent than aegrotus; Celsus uses only aeger, never aegrotus).
    I.
    Lit., of the body, ill, sick, unwell, diseased, suffering.
    (α).
    Of men:

    homines aegri morbo gravi,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 13:

    graviter aegrum fuisse,

    id. Div. 1, 25; id. Tusc. 2, 25, 61:

    infirma atque aegra valetudo,

    id. Brut. 48 fin.:

    aegro corpore esse,

    id. ad Quir. 1 fin.:

    ex vulnere,

    id. Rep. 2, 21:

    vulneribus,

    Nep. Milt. 7:

    pedibus,

    Sall. C. 59, 4; so Liv. 42, 28; Tac. H. 3, 38;

    Wernsd. Poët. L. Min. 6, 197, 8: stomachus,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 43:

    anhelitus,

    shortness of breath, Verg. A. 5, 432.—At a later period constr. with gen. or acc.:

    Psyche aegra corporis, animi saucia,

    App. M. 4, 86, p. 310 Oud. (cf. id. ib. 5, 102, p. 360 Oud.: Psyche corporis et animi alioquin infirma; and Liv. Andron. ap. Prisc. p. 725 P.:

    inops, aegra sanitatis, where, however, Bothe suspects aegra to be a gloss.): memini, me quondam pedes tunc graviter aegrum,

    Gell. 19, 10.—Subst., a sick person, Cic. Div. 2, 3:

    ne aegri quidem omnes convalescunt,

    id. N. D. 2, 4: aegro adhibere medicinam, id. de Or. 2, 44, 186:

    vicinum funus aegros exanimat,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 126:

    ungebant oleo multos aegros,

    Vulg. Marc. 6, 16; ib. Act. 5, 16. —Hence, ab aegris servus, an attendant on the sick, a nurse (cf. ab):

    D. M. SEXTORIO AVG. LIB. AB AEGRIS CVBICVLARIORVM,

    Inscr. Orell. 2886.—
    (β).
    Of brutes:

    sues aegri,

    Verg. G. 3, 496; so Col. 6, 5, 1:

    avidos inlidit in aegrum Cornipedem cursus,

    i. e. wounded, Stat. Th. 11, 517.—
    (γ).
    Of plants, diseased:

    seges aegra,

    Verg. A. 3, 142:

    aegra arbor,

    Pall. Febr. 25, 23:

    vitis,

    id. Mart. 7, 4.—
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    Of the mind, troubled, anxious, dejected, sad, sorrowful, etc., of any agitation of the passions or feelings, of love, hope, fear, anxiety, sorrow:

    aeger animus,

    Sall. J. 74:

    aegris animis legati superveniunt,

    Liv. 2, 3, 5; cf.

    Drak. ad h. l.: scribendi cacoëthes aegro in corde senescit,

    Juv. 7, 52: aegri mortales, i. e. miseri (deiloi brotoi, oizuroi, poluponoi), Verg. A. 2, 268; constr. with abl., gen., and ab.
    (α).
    With abl.: Medea animo aegra, amore saevo saucia, Enn. ap. Cic. Cael. 8 (the later edd. animo aegro, as B. and K.):

    animus aeger avaritiā,

    Sall. J. 31:

    amore,

    Liv. 30, 11:

    curis,

    Verg. A. 1, 208 al. —
    (β).
    With gen. of respect (cf. Drak. ad Liv. 30, 15, 9; Rudd. II. p. 73; and Roby, II. § 1321): aeger consilii, infirm in purpose, Sall. Fragm. ap. Arusian, p. 212 Lind., and Stat. Th. 9, 141:

    animi,

    Liv. 1, 58; 2, 36; Curt. 4, 3, 11.— Of cause:

    rerum temere motarum,

    Flor. 3, 17, 9:

    morae,

    Luc. 7, 240:

    delicti,

    Sil. 13, 52:

    pericli,

    id. 15, 135:

    timoris,

    id. 3, 72.—
    (γ).
    With ab:

    A morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 26.—
    B.
    Trop., of a diseased condition of the state, suffering, weak, feeble:

    maxime aegra et prope deposita rei publicae pars,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2:

    qui et semper aegri aliquid esse in re publica volunt,

    Liv. 5, 3; Flor. 3, 23 al.— Of the eyes, evil, envious:

    recentem aliorum felicitatem aegris oculis introspicere,

    Tac. H. 2, 20 (Halm here reads acribus). —Of abstr. things, sad, sorrowful, grievous, unfortunate (class., but for the most part poet.):

    numquam quidquam meo animo fuit aegrius,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 29 (where aegrius may be the adv.;

    v. aegre below): dolores aegri,

    Lucr. 3, 905:

    luctus,

    id. 3, 933:

    amor,

    Verg. G. 4, 464:

    mors,

    id. ib. 3, 512:

    spes,

    i. e. faint, slight hope, Sil. 9, 543:

    fides,

    wavering, id. 2, 392 al. —As subst.: aegrum, i, n.:

    plus aegri ex abitu viri quam ex adventu voluptatis cepi,

    more pain, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 11:

    sed cui nihil accidit aegri,

    Lucr. 5, 171.— Adv.: aegrē.— Lit.
    a.
    Object.
    (α).
    Uncomfortably:

    nescio quid meo animost aegre,

    disturbs my mind, vexes, annoys me, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 35; so, aegre esse alicui, often in Plaut. and Ter. (like bene or male esse alicui); Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 26; id. Capt. 3, 5, 43; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 63 al.; cf.

    opp. volupe, volup: si illis aegrest, mihi quod volup est,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 152.— Absol.:

    aegre est,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 57.—Also:

    aegre facere alicui,

    to vex, hurt, Plaut. Cas. 3, 4, 17; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 31; and:

    aegre audire aliquid ex aliquo,

    any thing annoying, disagreeable, id. Hec. 5, 1, 39.—
    (β).
    With difficulty or effort (opp. facile):

    omnis conglutinatio recens aegre, inveterata facile divellitur,

    Cic. de Sen. 20, 72; cf.:

    inveteratio, ut in corporibus, aegrius depellitur quam perturbatio,

    id. Tusc. 4, 37, 81; and:

    omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrime desinere,

    Sall. J. 83, 1:

    nec magis versutus nec quo ab caveas aegrius,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 106:

    aegre rastris terram rimantur,

    Verg. G. 3, 534 al.:

    non aegre persequi iter,

    Col. 9, 8, 9; so,

    haud aegre,

    Curt. 4, 3, 10; 10, 8, 22. —More freq.,
    (γ).
    = vix, Gr. mogis, hardly, scarcely:

    aegre nimis risum continui,

    Plaut. As. 3, 2, 36:

    aegre me tenui,

    Cic. Att. 16, 11:

    aegre fero, v. fero: aegre abstinere quin, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 45:

    aegre stantes,

    Tac. Agr. 36 al. —Hence often vix aegreque in connection, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 27; Flor. 2, 10; Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 7; id. S. 1, 7; App. M. 1, p. 111.—
    b.
    Subject., with grief, regret, displeasure, or dislike, unwillingly, reluctantly: discessit, aegre ferens, distempered, vexed (opp. laetus), Cic. Div. 1, 33 fin.:

    aegre pati,

    Liv. 1, 9 et saep.:

    aegre tolerare,

    Tac. Agr. 13:

    si alibi plus perdiderim, minus aegre habeam, i. e. feram,

    Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 16:

    aegre carere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13. — Comp.:

    quod aegrius patimur,

    Liv. 7, 13: aegrius accipere, Tac. Ann. 4, 71.— Sup.:

    aegerrime ferre,

    Sall. J. 87: aegerrime pati Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 105.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aeger

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