nocturnus

nocturnus, a, um, adj. [from the adv. noctu, analog. to diurnus from diu], of or belonging to the night, nocturnal (class.):

labores diurnos nocturnosque suscipere,

Cic. Sen. 23, 82;

opp. diurnus,

id. Mil. 3, 9:

nocturnum praesidium Palatii,

id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:

sacra,

id. Leg. 2, 15, 37:

horae,

id. Rosc. Am. 7, 19:

nocturno certare mero, putere diurno,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 11:

bella,

Verg. A. 11, 736:

ora,

i. e. dark, black faces, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 107.— Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, of living beings that do any thing at night:

fur nocturnus, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 7, 2, 1: adulter,

Juv. 8, 144:

lupus gregibus nocturnus obambulat,

by night, Verg. G. 3, 538:

qui nocturnus sacra divūm legerit,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 117; 2, 6, 100: advocati jam paene nocturni, summoned almost in the night-time, i. e. very early, Petr. 15.—

Subst.: Nocturnus, i, m., the god of Night, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 116.

nocturnus, a, um, adj. [from the adv. noctu, analog. to diurnus from diu], of or belonging to the night, nocturnal (class.):

labores diurnos nocturnosque suscipere,

Cic. Sen. 23, 82;

opp. diurnus,

id. Mil. 3, 9:

nocturnum praesidium Palatii,

id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:

sacra,

id. Leg. 2, 15, 37:

horae,

id. Rosc. Am. 7, 19:

nocturno certare mero, putere diurno,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 11:

bella,

Verg. A. 11, 736:

ora,

i. e. dark, black faces, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 107.— Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, of living beings that do any thing at night:

fur nocturnus, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 7, 2, 1: adulter,

Juv. 8, 144:

lupus gregibus nocturnus obambulat,

by night, Verg. G. 3, 538:

qui nocturnus sacra divūm legerit,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 117; 2, 6, 100: advocati jam paene nocturni, summoned almost in the night-time, i. e. very early, Petr. 15.—

Subst.: Nocturnus, i, m., the god of Night, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 116.

* * *

dĭurnus, a, um, adj. [for dius-nus, from dies; cf.: interdius, quotidianus, etc.], of or belonging to the day.

In a wider sense, daily (perh. not ante-Aug.):

aetatis fata diurna,

i. e. of only one day, Ov. H. 6, 37:

instituit, ut tam Senatus quam populi diurna acta confierent et publicarentur,

daily transactions, records, journal, Suet. Caes. 20; Tac. A. 13, 31; Suet. Claud. 41 Oud. N. cr.; in the same signif.:

commentarii,

id. Aug. 64; cf.

also: diurna actorum scriptura,

Tac. A. 3, 3. (Concerning these acta diurna, v. Lips. Exc. ad Tac. A. 5, 4; Ernest. Exc. ad Suet. Caes. 20; Rupert. ad Juv. 2, 136; Walch ad Tac. Agr. p. 114, and the art. acta):

cibus,

daily allowance, rations, Liv. 4, 12 fin.:

victus,

Suet. Ner. 36 fin.:

mercede diurna conductus,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 17.—Hence, subst.

diurnum, i, n., an account-book, day-book:

longum,

Juv. 6, 482; plur. (sc. acta), diaries, records, minutes:

diurna populi Romani, per provincias curatius leguntur,

Tac. A. 16, 22.—Also subst.

diurnum, i, n. (sc. frumentum), a daily portion, allowance, rations (cf. diarium), Sen. Ep. 80, 8; id. Contr. 5, 33 fin.; cf. Suet. Ner. 30.—

In a stricter sense (acc. to dies, I. B. 2.), opp. nocturnus, by day, of the day (very freq. and class.):

diurnum nocturnumve spatium,

Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 39:

labores diurni nocturnique,

id. de Sen. 23, 82; cf.

so opp. nocturnus,

Lucr. 6, 849; Cic. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 38 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 13, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 44; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 11; Ov. F. 3, 878 et saep.:

lumen,

Lucr. 4, 458; so Ov. F. 4, 449; cf.

stella,

i. e. the morning-star, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 62:

currus,

i. e. the chariot of the sun, Ov. M. 4, 629:

ignes,

id. ib. 7, 192:

nitor,

id. H. 18, 78 al.:

actus,

the day's business, Suet. Aug. 78.— Adv.: dĭurne, daily, Dracont. Hex. 1, 68; 3, 602.

dĭurnus, a, um, adj. [for dius-nus, from dies; cf.: interdius, quotidianus, etc.], of or belonging to the day.

In a wider sense, daily (perh. not ante-Aug.):

aetatis fata diurna,

i. e. of only one day, Ov. H. 6, 37:

instituit, ut tam Senatus quam populi diurna acta confierent et publicarentur,

daily transactions, records, journal, Suet. Caes. 20; Tac. A. 13, 31; Suet. Claud. 41 Oud. N. cr.; in the same signif.:

commentarii,

id. Aug. 64; cf.

also: diurna actorum scriptura,

Tac. A. 3, 3. (Concerning these acta diurna, v. Lips. Exc. ad Tac. A. 5, 4; Ernest. Exc. ad Suet. Caes. 20; Rupert. ad Juv. 2, 136; Walch ad Tac. Agr. p. 114, and the art. acta):

cibus,

daily allowance, rations, Liv. 4, 12 fin.:

victus,

Suet. Ner. 36 fin.:

mercede diurna conductus,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 17.—Hence, subst.

diurnum, i, n., an account-book, day-book:

longum,

Juv. 6, 482; plur. (sc. acta), diaries, records, minutes:

diurna populi Romani, per provincias curatius leguntur,

Tac. A. 16, 22.—Also subst.

diurnum, i, n. (sc. frumentum), a daily portion, allowance, rations (cf. diarium), Sen. Ep. 80, 8; id. Contr. 5, 33 fin.; cf. Suet. Ner. 30.—

In a stricter sense (acc. to dies, I. B. 2.), opp. nocturnus, by day, of the day (very freq. and class.):

diurnum nocturnumve spatium,

Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 39:

labores diurni nocturnique,

id. de Sen. 23, 82; cf.

so opp. nocturnus,

Lucr. 6, 849; Cic. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 38 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 13, 1; Quint. 7, 2, 44; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 11; Ov. F. 3, 878 et saep.:

lumen,

Lucr. 4, 458; so Ov. F. 4, 449; cf.

stella,

i. e. the morning-star, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 62:

currus,

i. e. the chariot of the sun, Ov. M. 4, 629:

ignes,

id. ib. 7, 192:

nitor,

id. H. 18, 78 al.:

actus,

the day's business, Suet. Aug. 78.— Adv.: dĭurne, daily, Dracont. Hex. 1, 68; 3, 602.

* * *

* * *

* * *

accessus, a, um, Part. of accedo.

accessus, ūs, m. [accedo], a going or coming to or near, an approaching, approach (syn. aditus; opp. recessus, discessus).

Lit.:

accessus nocturnus ad urbem,

Cic. Mil. 19:

(bestiarum) ad res salutares (opp. recessus),

id. N. D. 2, 12 fin.:

accessus prohibet refugitque viriles,

Ov. M. 14, 636:

solisaccessus discessusque,

Cic. N. D. 2, 7;

of the tide,

id. Div. 2, 14 fin.;

of a disease,

Gell. 4, 2;

of soldiers: difficilis,

Caes. B. Afr. 5: maritimus, from the sea:

pedestris,

on the land side, id. B. Alex. 26:

loci,

to a place, id. B. Hisp. 38.—

Transf.

Poet. of permission to approach, access, admittance (cf. aditus):

dare accessum alicui,

Ov. Pont. 2, 2, 41:

negare,

id. Her. 10, 64.—

The place by which one approaches, a passage, an entrance (in sing. and plur.), Verg. A. 8, 229; Suet. Caes. 58; Flor. 2, 12, 5;

for ships,

Liv. 29, 27, 9.—

Fig.

An approaching, approach:

ita pedetemptim cum accessus a se ad causam facti, tum recessus,

an approach to the matter, Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 7.—

An accession, increase: accessu istius splendoris, Cod. Th. 6, 35, 7.

conventus, a, um, Part. of convenio.

conventus, ūs (CONVENTVVS, C. I. L. II. p. 2416), m. [convenio].

(Acc. to convenio, I.) A meeting; in concr., an assembly (syn: coetus, contio, corona).

Of persons.

In gen. (for social intercourse, counsel, religious celebration, discussion, instruction. etc.; very freq., and class. in sing. and plur.):

comitum, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 27: celeberrimo virorum mulierumque conventu,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107; 2, 1, 52, § 137:

nocturnus,

id. Cai. 2, 6, 13:

complures minime digni elegantis conventus auribus,

id. Brut. 62, 223:

pudentissimas feminas in tantum virorum conventum prodire cogis,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 37, § 94; id. Deiot. 2, 5; Nep. Dion, 9, 1; Quint. 1, 2, 9; Suet. Caes. 49:

matronarum,

id. Galb. 5; Verg. A. 6, 753; Hor. S. 1, 7, 23 et saep.—

In partic.

Persons associated in a provincial town for the sake of trade, a company, corporation, Cic. Lig. 8, 24; id. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 32 Zumpt; 2, 5, 36, § 94; Caes. B. C. 2, 19; 3, 9; 3, 40 al.—

A judicial assembly, court of justice:

agere conventum,

to hold a court, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 28; Caes. B. G. 1, 54 fin.; 6, 44 fin.; Just. 12, 13 al.:

conventibus peractis,

Caes. B. G. 5, 1; 5, 2.—

Of inanimate objects, a union, conjunction (very rare):

duarum stellarum,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 12, 4:

dentium,

Sol. 13, 2.—

(Acc. to convenio, II.) A union, connection (very rare).

Lit., of atoms, Lucr. 1, 612;

for coition: ex conventu Jovis inseminati,

Arn. 2, p. 93.—

Trop., a compact, agreement, covenant (for the usu. conventum):

ex conventu,

by agreement, Cic. Caecin. 8, 22; cf. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20 (where B. and K. read ex convento).

intrŏĭtus, a, um, Part., from introeo.

intrŏĭtus, ūs, m. [introeo], a going in or into, an entering, entrance (class.).

Lit.:

nocturnus introitus Zmyrnam quasi in hostium urbem,

Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

militum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 21:

in urbem,

id. Dom. 28:

sol in Geminos introitum facit,

enters, Col. 11, 2, 43:

primo statim introitu,

at his very first entrance, Tac. H. 1, 31:

aliquem introitu prohibere,

Cic. Caecin. 13:

cujus in Graeciam,

Just. 2, 11, 1:

introitum alicujus rei pellere,

to keep a thing from entering, Plin. 20, 9, 39, § 101.—With in and abl. (rare):

sol introitum in Cancro facit,

Col. 11, 2, 49.—

Esp., the mouth of a river, its entrance into another:

Averni,

Sil. 13, 398; also as the entrance to it from the sea (cf. B. infra):

Indi,

Plin. 12, 12, 25, § 41 al. —

Transf., a place of entrance, passage:

ad omnes introitus, qua adiri poterat,

Cic. Caecin. 8:

omnes introitus erant praeclusi,

Caes. B. G. 5, 9:

clandestinus,

Suet. Ner. 48:

aures duros et quasi corneolos habere introitus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57:

portus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 39, 2; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 31, § 80:

aedis,

Nep. Paus. 5, 3:

ad ipsum introitum exspectare macelli,

Juv. 11, 10. —In the abl.:

INTROITO,

Inscr. Orell. 2103. —

Trop.

An entering, entrance upon an office or into a society:

certum aliquid pro introitu dare,

Plin. Ep. 10, 113:

sacerdotii,

Suet. Claud. 9:

militiam illam cum introitu comparari volo,

i. e. entrancemoney, Dig. 32, 1, 102.—

A beginning, introduction, prelude (syn.:

principium, exordium, prooemium): fabulae Clodianae,

Cic. Att. 1, 18:

defensionis,

id. Cael. 2, 3:

in introitu hujus operis,

Plin. 6, 27, 31, § 141.

ŏb-ambŭlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a., to walk before or near any thing, to go past (not in Cic. or Cæs.); constr. with dat. or acc.: obambulare adversum alios ambulare, et quasi ambulanti sese opponere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 187 Müll.

With dat.:

obambulare muris,

Liv. 36, 34, 4:

gymnasio,

Suet. Tib. 11: nec (lupus) gregibus nocturnus obambulat, walk or prowl about, Verg. G. 3, 538.—

With acc.:

urbem,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 20:

totam fremebundus obambulat Aetnam,

Ov. M. 14, 188:

gymnasia,

Suet. Tib. 11 (al. gymnasio).—

Transf., in gen., to go or walk about, wander:

neu noctu irem obambulatum,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 34:

ante vallum,

Liv. 25, 39:

sermone imperfecto,

Quint. 11, 3, 121:

in herbis,

Ov. M. 2, 851:

praeter os,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 19.— Absol.:

cum solus obambulet,

Ov. Tr. 2, 459; Suet. Tib. 25.

percussor, ōris, m. [id.], a striker, stabber, shooter.

In gen. (post-Aug.):

leo vulneratus percussorem novit,

Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 51.—

In partic., a murderer, assassin, bandit (class.;

syn.: sicarius, interfector),

Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 74; Just. 14, 6, 9; Tac. A. 2, 31:

subornatus alicui,

Suet. Ner. 34; id. Caes. 83; Juv. 8, 173:

nocturnus,

Petr. 9.

trĕpĭdus, a, um, adj. [root in Gr. trepô, to turn, put to flight; cf. Lat. torqueo (cf. Fest. p. 367 Müll.); prop. scared; hence], restless, agitated, anxious, solicitous, disturbed, alarmed, in a state of trepidation, etc. (not. freq. in prose till the Aug. per.;

perh. not at all in Cic. and Cæs.): tum trepidae inter se coëunt pennisque coruscant (apes),

in a hurry, Verg. G. 4, 73; so,

Dido,

id. A. 4, 642 Serv.:

hic galeam tectis trepidus rapit,

id. ib. 7, 638;

9, 233: trepidi improviso metu,

Sall. J. 97, 5; cf.:

curia maesta ac trepida ancipiti metu,

Liv. 2, 24, 3:

Romae nocturnus terror ita ex somno trepidam repente civitatem excivit,

id. 8, 37, 6:

trepidi formidine portas Explorant,

Verg. A. 9, 169; Just. 2, 13, 9. — ( b) With gen.:

illae (apes) intus trepidae rerum per cerea castra Discurrunt,

Verg. A. 12, 589:

Messenii trepidi rerum suarum,

Liv. 36, 31, 5; so,

rerum suarum,

id. 5, 11, 4:

salutis,

Sil. 12, 13:

admirationis ac metus,

Tac. A. 6, 21 fin.:

tubarum,

Stat. Th. 11, 325. —

Of things:

illud (ferrum) in trepidā submersum sibilat unda,

Ov. M. 12, 279 (Merkel, tepidā); cf.:

et foliis undam trepidi despumat aheni,

i. e. bubbling, foaming, Verg. G. 1, 296:

venae,

Ov. M. 6, 389:

pes,

id. ib. 4, 100:

ōs,

id. ib. 5, 231:

vultus,

id. ib. 4, 485:

cursus,

Verg. A. 4, 672:

terror,

Lucr. 5, 41:

metus,

Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 54; Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 15:

tumultus belli,

Lucr. 3, 846:

certamen,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 48:

motus,

Ov. M. 8, 606:

fletus,

id. ib. 4, 673:

in re trepidā,

in a critical situation, perilous juncture, Liv. 1, 27, 7; 4, 46, 8; 26, 5, 7; cf. in plur.:

in trepidis rebus,

id. 4, 17, 8; 4, 56, 8; Tib. 2, 3, 21; Hor. C. 3, 2, 5; Sil. 7, 1; cf. Sall. J. 91, 5:

incerta et trepida vita,

Tac. A. 14, 59; so,

vita,

id. ib. 4, 70 fin.:

litterae,

i. e. announcing danger, bringing alarming news, Curt. 7, 1, 36; so,

nuntius,

Just. 31, 2, 8.— Adv.: trĕpĭdē, hastily, in a state of confusion or alarm, with trepidation:

trepide concursans,

Phaedr. 2, 5, 2:

classis trepide soluta,

Liv. 22, 31, 5; so,

relictis castris,

id. 7, 11, 1:

deserta stativa,

id. 10, 12, 6:

trepide anxieque certare,

Suet. Ner. 23.