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21 arte
f. & m.1 art.arte abstracto abstract artarte dramático dramaarte figurativo figurative artarte floral flower arrangingbellas artes fine artsartes gráficas graphic artsartes interpretativas performing artsartes liberales liberal artsartes marciales martial arts(escuela de) artes y oficios = college for the study of arts and craftsartes plásticas visual artsarte pop pop art2 artistry.el arte de la la conversación the art of conversation3 artfulness, cunning (astucia).malas artes trickery4 artifice, craftiness, deceitful cleverness, foxiness.* * *1 art2 (habilidad) craft, skill3 (astucia) cunning4 (pesca) fishing gear\con malas artes by evil means* * *noun mf.1) art2) skill* * *SM ó SF[gen m en sing, f en pl]1) (=pintura, música) artartes — (Univ) arts
el séptimo arte — the cinema, film
amor 1)por arte de magia — by magic, as if by magic
2) (=habilidad) skill; (=astucia) craftiness3) (=artificio) workmanship, artistrysin arte — [como adj] clumsy; [como adv] clumsily
4) (Literat)arte mayor — Spanish verse of eight lines each of twelve syllables dating from the 15th century
arte menor — Spanish verse usually of four lines each of six or eight syllables
5) (Pesca)arte de pesca — (=red) fishing net; (=caña etc) fishing tackle
* * *(gen m en el singular y f en el plural)1) (Art) artno trabajo por amor al arte — (hum) I'm not working for the good of my health (hum)
no tener arte ni parte: no tuve arte ni parte en el asunto — I had nothing whatsoever to do with it
2)a) (habilidad, destreza)tiene arte para arreglar flores — she has a flair o gift for flower arranging
b) artes femenino plural (astucias, artimañas) trickempleé todas mis artes para... — I used every trick I could think of to...
* * *= art, craft.Ex. In less well structured schemes, the application of chain indexing is more of an art.Ex. He draws a distinction between a craft, based on customary activities and modified by the trial and error of individual practice, and a profession.----* apreciación del arte = art appreciation.* arte abstracto = abstraction, abstract art.* arte conceptual = conceptual art.* arte contemporáneo = contemporary art.* arte culinario = cuisine.* arte de escribir = penmanship.* arte de gobernar = statesmanship.* arte de hacer nudos = knotting.* arte de herrar caballos = farriery.* arte de la guerra = warfare.* arte del libro = bookmanship.* arte del metal = metal art.* arte del vídeo = video art.* arte de tejer = weaving.* arte de vender = salesmanship, specsmanship.* arte de vivir, el = art of living, the.* arte dramático = performance art, performing arts.* arte folclórico = folk art.* arte islámico = Islamic art.* arte moderno = modern art.* arte pop = pop art.* arte popular = popular art, folk art.* arte publicitario = commercial art.* arte renacentista = Renaissance art.* arte rupestre = rock art.* artes aplicadas = applied arts.* artes decorativas, las = decorative arts, the.* artes de creación literaria y artística, las = creative arts, the.* artes gráficas, las = graphic arts, the.* artes interpretativas = performing arts.* artes liberales, las = liberal arts, the.* artes marciales = martial arts.* artes plásticas = fine art.* artes plásticas, las = plastic arts, the.* artes visuales, las = visual arts, the.* arte topiario = topiary.* arte tradicional = folk art.* arte y técnica de escribir obras de teatro = playwriting.* aula de arte = art-room.* bellas artes = fine arts.* biblioteca de arte = art library.* bibliotecario de biblioteca de arte = art librarian.* colección de arte = art collection.* colección de arte pictórico = pictorial art collection.* colección de objetos de las artes escénicas = theatre arts collection.* como por arte de magia = magically, into thin air.* crítico de arte = art critic.* diapositiva de arte = art slide.* el arte de = the art of, the fine art of.* enseñanza de bellas artes = aesthetic education.* estado del arte = state of the art.* estado de las artes = state of the arts.* exposición de arte = art exhibit, art exhibition.* fotografía de obra de arte = art photograph.* galería de arte = art gallery.* hacer algo por amor al arte = labour of love.* historia del arte = art history.* historiador de arte = art historian.* libro de arte = art book.* material de arte = art material.* muestra de arte = art exhibit, art exhibition.* mundo del arte, el = art world, the.* museo de arte = art museum.* objeto de arte = art object.* obra de arte = work of art, masterpiece, artistic work, art work.* obra de arte musical = musical masterpiece.* original de una obra de arte = art original.* poner en práctica un arte = practise + art.* por amor al arte = (just) for the fun of (doing) it, (just) for the hell of (doing) it.* un arte = a fine art.* un arte en extinción = a dying art.* * *(gen m en el singular y f en el plural)1) (Art) artno trabajo por amor al arte — (hum) I'm not working for the good of my health (hum)
no tener arte ni parte: no tuve arte ni parte en el asunto — I had nothing whatsoever to do with it
2)a) (habilidad, destreza)tiene arte para arreglar flores — she has a flair o gift for flower arranging
b) artes femenino plural (astucias, artimañas) trickempleé todas mis artes para... — I used every trick I could think of to...
* * *= art, craft.Ex: In less well structured schemes, the application of chain indexing is more of an art.
Ex: He draws a distinction between a craft, based on customary activities and modified by the trial and error of individual practice, and a profession.* apreciación del arte = art appreciation.* arte abstracto = abstraction, abstract art.* arte conceptual = conceptual art.* arte contemporáneo = contemporary art.* arte culinario = cuisine.* arte de escribir = penmanship.* arte de gobernar = statesmanship.* arte de hacer nudos = knotting.* arte de herrar caballos = farriery.* arte de la guerra = warfare.* arte del libro = bookmanship.* arte del metal = metal art.* arte del vídeo = video art.* arte de tejer = weaving.* arte de vender = salesmanship, specsmanship.* arte de vivir, el = art of living, the.* arte dramático = performance art, performing arts.* arte folclórico = folk art.* arte islámico = Islamic art.* arte moderno = modern art.* arte pop = pop art.* arte popular = popular art, folk art.* arte publicitario = commercial art.* arte renacentista = Renaissance art.* arte rupestre = rock art.* artes aplicadas = applied arts.* artes decorativas, las = decorative arts, the.* artes de creación literaria y artística, las = creative arts, the.* artes gráficas, las = graphic arts, the.* artes interpretativas = performing arts.* artes liberales, las = liberal arts, the.* artes marciales = martial arts.* artes plásticas = fine art.* artes plásticas, las = plastic arts, the.* artes visuales, las = visual arts, the.* arte topiario = topiary.* arte tradicional = folk art.* arte y técnica de escribir obras de teatro = playwriting.* aula de arte = art-room.* bellas artes = fine arts.* biblioteca de arte = art library.* bibliotecario de biblioteca de arte = art librarian.* colección de arte = art collection.* colección de arte pictórico = pictorial art collection.* colección de objetos de las artes escénicas = theatre arts collection.* como por arte de magia = magically, into thin air.* crítico de arte = art critic.* diapositiva de arte = art slide.* el arte de = the art of, the fine art of.* enseñanza de bellas artes = aesthetic education.* estado del arte = state of the art.* estado de las artes = state of the arts.* exposición de arte = art exhibit, art exhibition.* fotografía de obra de arte = art photograph.* galería de arte = art gallery.* hacer algo por amor al arte = labour of love.* historia del arte = art history.* historiador de arte = art historian.* libro de arte = art book.* material de arte = art material.* muestra de arte = art exhibit, art exhibition.* mundo del arte, el = art world, the.* museo de arte = art museum.* objeto de arte = art object.* obra de arte = work of art, masterpiece, artistic work, art work.* obra de arte musical = musical masterpiece.* original de una obra de arte = art original.* poner en práctica un arte = practise + art.* por amor al arte = (just) for the fun of (doing) it, (just) for the hell of (doing) it.* un arte = a fine art.* un arte en extinción = a dying art.* * *A ( Art) artel arte medieval/abstracto/contemporáneo medieval/abstract/contemporary artlas artes the artsel arte por el arte art for art's sake¿te crees que trabajo por amor al arte? ( hum); do you think I'm working for the good of my health o for the fun of it? ( hum)(como) por arte de magia as if by magicno tener arte ni parte: no tuve arte ni parte en el asunto I had nothing whatsoever to do with itCompuestos:kinetic artdramatic arts (pl)poetics (pl)fpl graphic arts (pl)fpl (liberal) arts (pl)fpl martial arts (pl)fpl crafts (pl)fpl plastic arts (pl)fpl arts and crafts (pl)B1(habilidad, destreza): es maestro en el arte de mentir/de la diplomacia he's an expert in the art of lying/of diplomacytiene mucho arte para arreglar flores she has a real flair o gift for flower arrangingtengo muy poco arte para convencer a la gente I'm no good at persuading people(astucias, artimañas): usó todas sus artes para seducirlo she used (all) her feminine wiles to seduce himtuve que usar todas mis artes para convencerlo I had to use every trick I could think of to win him over* * *
arte ( gen m en el singular y f en el plural)
1 (Art) art;
no trabajo por amor al arte (hum) I'm not working for the good of my health (hum);
artes gráficas graphic arts;
(como) por arte de magia as if by magic
2 (habilidad, destreza) art;
tiene arte para arreglar flores she has a flair o gift for flower arranging
arte sustantivo masculino & sustantivo femenino art
1 (habilidad) skill
2 artes, (trucos, mañas) tricks
3 artes de pesca, fishing equipment
bellas artes, fine arts
♦ Locuciones: familiar como por arte de magia, as if by magic
no tener arte ni parte, to have nothing to do with
' arte' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
aborigen
- aguafuerte
- amor
- arábiga
- arábigo
- bicha
- boceto
- caligrafía
- canto
- carpintería
- cine
- clásica
- clásico
- cuadro
- cubismo
- dadaísmo
- de
- decadencia
- desnuda
- desnudo
- dialéctica
- dibujante
- encuadernación
- escorzo
- espátula
- estilo
- estofar
- exposición
- expresionismo
- fascinar
- figurativa
- figurativo
- fresca
- fresco
- galería
- género
- grabar
- iluminar
- ilusión
- imagen
- impresionismo
- labrada
- labrado
- lienzo
- litografía
- lobulada
- lobulado
- magia
- marchante
- marina
English:
amateurish
- appreciation
- art
- art gallery
- artistry
- avant-garde
- brush
- bust
- charcoal
- cookery
- corps
- craft
- cubism
- cuisine
- curator
- depict
- design
- designer
- diplomacy
- draw
- dying
- early
- elaborate
- exhibit
- facsimile
- figurative
- forte
- gallery
- graphics
- halo
- life
- magic
- magically
- mime
- mimicry
- motif
- movement
- naive
- nude
- oarsmanship
- oil
- one-upmanship
- oratory
- paintbrush
- patron
- piece
- plaster
- plastic
- portray
- pose
* * *arte nm o nf Usually masculine in the singular and feminine in the plural.1. [creación estética] art;una obra de arte a work of art;el arte gótico/barroco Gothic/baroque art;arte abstracto abstract art;artes audiovisuales audiovisual arts;arte conceptual conceptual art;artes decorativas decorative arts;arte dramático drama;artes escénicas performing arts;arte figurativo figurative art;artes gráficas graphic arts;artes interpretativas performing arts;artes liberales liberal arts;artes marciales martial arts;arte naïf naive art;artes y oficios arts and crafts;artes plásticas plastic arts;arte religioso religious art;arte rupestre cave paintings2. [habilidad, estilo] artistry;con (buen) arte with (great) style;tiene mucho arte para recitar she's got a real talent for reciting poetry3. [astucia] artfulness, cunning;emplearon todas sus artes para timarla they used all their cunning o wiles to cheat her;malas artes trickery;no tener arte ni parte en algo to have nothing whatsoever to do with sth4.artes (de pesca) [instrumentos] fishing tacklede arte menor = comprising lines of eight syllables or fewer* * *m (pl f)1 art;bellas artes pl fine art sg ;el séptimo arte cinema, the movies pl ;(como) por arte de magia as if by magic;no tener arte ni parte have absolutely no say2 ( argucia):malas artes pl guile sg* * *arte nmf, (usually m in singular, f in plural)1) : artartes y oficios: arts and craftsbellas artes: fine arts2) habilidad: skill3) : cunning, cleverness* * *arte n1. (en general) art2. (habilidad) skill -
22 Gotisch
go·tisch1) hist, ling Gothic2. Go·tisch [ʼgo:tɪʃ] ntling Gothic;das \Gotische [the] Gothic [language] -
23 gotisch
go·tisch1) hist, ling Gothic2. Go·tisch [ʼgo:tɪʃ] ntling Gothic;das \gotische [the] Gothic [language] -
24 style
1. noun1) Stil, der; (in conversation) Ton, der; (in performance) Art, die; (of habitual behaviour) Art, diethat's the style! — so ist es richtig!
be bad or not good style — schlechter od. kein guter Stil sein
it's not my style [to do that] — das ist nicht mein Stil
dress in the latest/modern style — sich nach der neuesten/neuen Mode kleiden
2) (superior way of living, behaving, etc.) Stil, derin the grand style — im großen Stil
3) (sort) Art, die2. transitive verbstyle of music — Musikrichtung, die
(design) entwerfenelegantly styled clothes — elegant geschnittene Kleidung
* * *1. noun1) (a manner or way of doing something, eg writing, speaking, painting, building etc: different styles of architecture; What kind of style are you going to have your hair cut in?; a new hairstyle.) der Stil2) (a fashion in clothes etc: the latest Paris styles; I don't like the new style of shoe.) der Stil3) (elegance in dress, behaviour etc: She certainly has style.) der Stil2. verb1) (to arrange (hair) in a certain way: I'm going to have my hair cut and styled.) modisch schneiden2) (to design in a certain style: These chairs/clothes are styled for comfort.) entwerfen•- academic.ru/71513/stylish">stylish- stylishly
- stylishness
- stylist
- in style* * *[staɪl]I. nhis office is very utilitarian in \style sein Büro ist sehr praktisch eingerichtet\style of life Lebensstil m, Lebensweise f\style of teaching Unterrichtsstil min the \style of sb/sth im Stil von jdm/etwin the Gothic \style ARCHIT, ART im gotischen Stilto have real \style Klasse [o Format] habento have no \style keinen Stil habenit takes \style to make a mistake like that and still go on to win es braucht schon Format, so einen Fehler zu machen und trotzdem noch zu gewinnen▪ in [or with] \style stilvollto do things in \style alles im großen Stil tunto live in [grand [or great]] \style auf großem Fuß lebento travel in \style mit allem Komfort [ver]reisenthe latest \style die neueste Mode, der letzte Schrei famto be in \style Mode [o modisch] seinto be out of \style aus der Mode kommenII. vt1. (arrange)to \style a car ein Auto entwerfento \style hair die Haare frisierenelegantly \styled jackets elegant geschnittene Jacken2. (designate)* * *[staɪl]1. na poem in the Romantic style — ein Gedicht nt im Stil der Romantik
he won in fine style — er gewann souverän or überlegen
in his own inimitable style (iro) — in seiner unnachahmlichen Art or Manier, auf die ihm typische Art
that house is not my style — so ein Haus ist nicht mein Stil
hillwalking is not his style —
2) (= elegance) Stil mthe man has (real) style — der Mann hat Klasse or Format
3) (= sort, type) Art fa new style of house/car etc — ein neuer Haus-/Autotyp etc
just the style of car I like — ein Auto, wie es mir gefällt
these coats are available in two styles — diese Mäntel gibt es in zwei verschiedenen Schnittarten or Macharten
all the latest styles —
2. vt1) (= designate) nennenit is styled for comfort, not elegance — es ist auf Bequemlichkeit und nicht Eleganz zugeschnitten
* * *style [staıl]A s1. Stil m, Art f, Typ m2. Stil m, Art f und Weise f, Manier f:style of singing Gesangsstil;3. (guter) Stil:in style stilvoll ( → A 6, A 7)4. SPORT Stil m, Technik f5. (Lebens)Stil m, Lebensart f:in good style stil-, geschmackvoll;in bad style stil-, geschmacklos;live in great style auf großem Fuße leben6. vornehme Lebensart, Eleganz f, Stil m:in style vornehm ( → A 3, A 7);have style Stil haben;put on style US umg vornehm tun7. Mode f, Stil m:in style modisch ( → A 3, A 6)in all sizes and styles in allen Größen und Ausführungen9. (literarischer) Stil10. (Kunst-, Bau) Stil m:be in the style of sich im Stil anlehnen an (akk);in proper style stilechtb) WIRTSCH, JUR Firma f, (Firmen)Bezeichnung f:under the style of unter dem Namen …, WIRTSCH unter der Firma …b) (Schreib-, Ritz-)Stift mc) Radiernadel f, Stichel md) Nadel f (eines Plattenspielers)e) Feder f (eines Dichters)13. MED Sonde f14. Zeiger m (einer Sonnenuhr)15. Zeitrechnung f, Stil m:16. TYPO (Schrift)Stil m und Orthografie f17. BOT Griffel m18. ANAT Griffelfortsatz mB v/t1. betiteln, anreden, (be)nennen, bezeichnen2. a) (nach der neuesten Mode) entwerfen, (modisch) zuschneiden:b) WIRTSCH, TECH entwerfen, gestaltenc) WIRTSCH US umg in Mode bringen, (dem Käufer) schmackhaft machen* * *1. noun1) Stil, der; (in conversation) Ton, der; (in performance) Art, die; (of habitual behaviour) Art, diebe bad or not good style — schlechter od. kein guter Stil sein
it's not my style [to do that] — das ist nicht mein Stil
dress in the latest/modern style — sich nach der neuesten/neuen Mode kleiden
2) (superior way of living, behaving, etc.) Stil, derin style — stilvoll; (on a grand scale) im großen Stil
3) (sort) Art, die2. transitive verbstyle of music — Musikrichtung, die
(design) entwerfen* * *n.Stil -e m. v.entwerfen v. -
25 joya
f.1 jewel.el nuevo empleado es una joya the new worker is a real gemla joya de mi colección the pride of my collectionlas joyas de la corona the crown jewels2 Joya.* * *1 jewel, piece of jewellery (US jewelry)2 figurado treasure* * *noun f.* * *SF1) (=adorno) jewel, gemjoyas — jewels, jewellery, jewelry (EEUU)
joyas de fantasía — costume jewellery, imitation jewellery
2) (=objeto preciado) gem, treasure3) [de novia] trousseau* * *1) ( alhaja) piece of jewelry** * *= gem, jewel, cameo, crowning jewel.Ex. For example, DIAMONDS could not be a NT under CUTTING TOOLS as well as under gems.Ex. The article 'Part-time librarians: jewels of the profession' reports the results of a survey of US part time library staff.Ex. The article 'A passage to India: a bibliographical cameo' celebrates the bibliographical ties between the India and Britain.Ex. In this fully updated work, nearly 500 species and cultivars of the crowning jewels of water gardens, the water lilies and lotuses, are described.----* decorado con joyas = jewelled.* joya arquitectónica = architectural jewel.* joyas = jewellery [jewelry, -USA].* joyas de la corona = crown jewels.* joyas de la familia = family jewels.* la joya de = showpiece.* una joya = a little gem.* * *1) ( alhaja) piece of jewelry** * *= gem, jewel, cameo, crowning jewel.Ex: For example, DIAMONDS could not be a NT under CUTTING TOOLS as well as under gems.
Ex: The article 'Part-time librarians: jewels of the profession' reports the results of a survey of US part time library staff.Ex: The article 'A passage to India: a bibliographical cameo' celebrates the bibliographical ties between the India and Britain.Ex: In this fully updated work, nearly 500 species and cultivars of the crowning jewels of water gardens, the water lilies and lotuses, are described.* decorado con joyas = jewelled.* joya arquitectónica = architectural jewel.* joyas = jewellery [jewelry, -USA].* joyas de la corona = crown jewels.* joyas de la familia = family jewels.* la joya de = showpiece.* una joya = a little gem.* * *A (alhaja) piece of jewelry*sus joyas her jewelry o jewelslas joyas de la corona the crown jewelsCompuesto:piece o item of costume o imitation jewelryjoyas de fantasía costume jewelryB (cosa, persona) gemeste coche es una joya this car is a real gemes una joya literaria it is a literary gemuna joya de la arquitectura gótica a jewel of Gothic architecturemi marido es una joya my husband is a real treasure o gem* * *
joya sustantivo femenino
1 ( alhaja) piece of jewelry( conjugate jewelry);◊ joyas jewelry o jewels;
joya de fantasía piece o item of costume jewelry
2 ( persona) gem, treasure;
( cosa):
joya sustantivo femenino
1 jewel, piece of jewellery
joyas de imitación, imitation jewellery sing
2 (persona) es una joya, he's a real treasure
' joya' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
alfiler
- brazalete
- broche
- colgante
- collar
- pendiente
- pertenencia
- tasar
- tirar
- alhaja
- aparentar
- centelleante
- centellear
- chapa
- costoso
- destellar
- destello
- espléndido
- falso
- perla
- rescate
- valioso
- valorar
English:
glow
- jewel
- mount
- setting
- veneer
- gem
* * *joya nf1. [pieza de adorno] jewellas joyas de la corona the crown jewels;esa empresa es la joya de la corona del sector público that company is the jewel in the crown of the public sector;joya de familia family heirloom;joyas de fantasía costume jewellery2. [persona, cosa] gem;el nuevo empleado es una joya the new worker is a real gem;una de las joyas del arte barroco one of the jewels of baroque art* * *f1 jewel;joyas pl jewelry sg, Br jewellery sg ;joya de la corona jewel in the crown2 persona gem* * *joya nf1) : jewel, piece of jewelry2) : treasure, gemla nueva empleada es una joya: the new employee is a real gem* * *joya n1. (persona) treasure2. (adorno) piece of jewellery -
26 novela
f.novel.novela de caballerías tale of chivalrynovela por entregas serialnovela histórica historical novelnovela policíaca detective storynovela rosa romance, romantic novelpres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: novelar.imperat.2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: novelar.* * *1 novel2 (en TV, radio) serial\novela corta novellanovela de caballerías romance of chivalrynovela de suspense thrillernovela negra detective novel, detective storynovela policíaca detective storynovela por entregas serialnovela rosa romance, novelette* * *noun f.* * *SF novelnovela de amor — love story, romance
novela de aprendizaje — Bildungsroman, novel concerned with a person's formative years
novela iniciática — Bildungsroman, novel concerned with a person's formative years
novela policíaca — detective story, whodunit *
* * *a) (Lit) novelb) (TV) soap opera* * *= novel.Ex. One part of a novel or long text may be read in order to whet the listeners' appetites for reading the book themselves.----* de novela barata = novelettish.* de novela sentimental = novelettish.* escritor de novela romántica = romantic novelist.* escritor de novelas = fiction writer.* escritor de novelas de misterio = mystery writer.* novela a duro = dime and nickel novel.* novela alemana que trata del desarrollo de la personalidad = bildungsroman.* novela barata = novelette.* novela bélica = war story.* novela contemporánea = contemporary romance.* novela corta = novella, novelette.* novela de amor = love story, love fiction.* novela de animales = animal story.* novela de aventuras = adventure story.* novela de caballería = chivalric romance, chivalric novel.* novela de ciencia ficción = science fiction novel.* novela de deporte = sports novel.* novela de época = period novel.* novela de espionaje = spy fiction, spy novel, spy story.* novela de fantasía = fantasy novel.* novela del oeste = western, western story.* novela de misterio = mystery romance, mystery story, mystery book, mystery novel.* novela de suspense = thriller.* novela de terror = horror story, terror novel.* novela de vaqueros = cowboy story.* novela en tres volúmenes = three-decker.* novela escrita a base de fórmulas o clichés = formula fiction.* novela gótica = Gothic novel.* novela gráfica = graphic novel.* novela histórica = historical fiction, historical novel, historical romance.* novela literaria = literary novel.* novela negra = crime fiction, crime novel.* novela para adolescentes = adolescent romance.* novela policíaca = detective novel, crime fiction, crime novel.* novela por entregas = part-issue.* novela romántica = romantic novel, romance story, romance novel, romance fiction.* novela rosa = romantic fiction, romance.* novela rosa Harlequín = Harlequin Romance novel.* novelas de horror = horror fiction.* novela sentimental = novelette.* novela seriada = part-issue, serialised novel.* novela seriada a un real = shilling part-issue.* novela sobre hospitales = hospital romance.* novelas o libros que se compran en el supermercado/kiosko = self-help.* novela temática = thematic novel.* * *a) (Lit) novelb) (TV) soap opera* * *= novel.Ex: One part of a novel or long text may be read in order to whet the listeners' appetites for reading the book themselves.
* de novela barata = novelettish.* de novela sentimental = novelettish.* escritor de novela romántica = romantic novelist.* escritor de novelas = fiction writer.* escritor de novelas de misterio = mystery writer.* novela a duro = dime and nickel novel.* novela alemana que trata del desarrollo de la personalidad = bildungsroman.* novela barata = novelette.* novela bélica = war story.* novela contemporánea = contemporary romance.* novela corta = novella, novelette.* novela de amor = love story, love fiction.* novela de animales = animal story.* novela de aventuras = adventure story.* novela de caballería = chivalric romance, chivalric novel.* novela de ciencia ficción = science fiction novel.* novela de deporte = sports novel.* novela de época = period novel.* novela de espionaje = spy fiction, spy novel, spy story.* novela de fantasía = fantasy novel.* novela del oeste = western, western story.* novela de misterio = mystery romance, mystery story, mystery book, mystery novel.* novela de suspense = thriller.* novela de terror = horror story, terror novel.* novela de vaqueros = cowboy story.* novela en tres volúmenes = three-decker.* novela escrita a base de fórmulas o clichés = formula fiction.* novela gótica = Gothic novel.* novela gráfica = graphic novel.* novela histórica = historical fiction, historical novel, historical romance.* novela literaria = literary novel.* novela negra = crime fiction, crime novel.* novela para adolescentes = adolescent romance.* novela policíaca = detective novel, crime fiction, crime novel.* novela por entregas = part-issue.* novela romántica = romantic novel, romance story, romance novel, romance fiction.* novela rosa = romantic fiction, romance.* novela rosa Harlequín = Harlequin Romance novel.* novelas de horror = horror fiction.* novela sentimental = novelette.* novela seriada = part-issue, serialised novel.* novela seriada a un real = shilling part-issue.* novela sobre hospitales = hospital romance.* novelas o libros que se compran en el supermercado/kiosko = self-help.* novela temática = thematic novel.* * *1 ( Lit) novelde novela like something (straight) out of a novel2 (TV) soap operaCompuestos:adventure storyscience fiction storynovel in the costumbrista traditionhistorical novelpicaresque novel● novela policíaca or policialdetective novel o storyserialized novelradio serial* * *
Del verbo novelar: ( conjugate novelar)
novela es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
novela
novelar
novela sustantivo femenino (Lit) novel;
(TV) soap opera;◊ novela policíaca detective novel o story;
novela rosa (pey) novelette (pej), romantic novel
novela sustantivo femenino
1 Lit novel: me gustan las novelas de aventuras, I like adventure stories
novela negra, black novel
novela rosa, romantic novel
2 fam (mentira, cuento chino) story, fib
novelar verbo transitivo to make a novel about: está novelando la última película de James Bond, she's making a novel about the latest James Bond film
' novela' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acerba
- acerbo
- actualidad
- afición
- anticipo
- carente
- decidirse
- derroche
- desenlace
- edición
- enganchar
- folletín
- histórica
- histórico
- lacrimógena
- lacrimógeno
- narrar
- novelesca
- novelesco
- poner
- potable
- proscrita
- proscrito
- publicar
- refleja
- reflejar
- reflejo
- reseñar
- sensiblera
- sensiblería
- sensiblero
- teatralidad
- terror
- tirón
- tostón
- trabajada
- trabajado
- accesible
- acción
- adaptar
- bosquejo
- contar
- continuación
- culminar
- destinado
- espionaje
- esqueleto
- extensión
- fragmento
- horroroso
English:
art form
- detective story
- fictional
- hero
- heroine
- humorous
- novel
- romance
- serial
- thriller
- unabridged
- whodunit
- whodunnit
- arguably
- compare
- detective
- fact
- going
- middle
- mystery
- set
- type
- western
* * *♦ nfnovel;la novela contemporánea the contemporary novelnovela de caballería(s) tale of chivalry;novela por entregas serial;novela de intriga mystery story;novela negra crime novel;novela policíaca detective story;novela rosa romance, romantic novel♦ de novela loc adjRP Fam [muy bueno] amazing;se compró una estancia de novela he bought this amazing ranch♦ de novela loc advRP Fam [muy bien] fantastically;cocina de novela he's a fantastic o an amazing cook* * *f novel* * *novela nf1) : novel2) : soap opera* * *novela n novel -
27 gotika
f Gothic (style); specif Gothic architecture/art* * *• Gothics• Gothic• Gotic -
28 Sintra, National Palace of
Located off the main square in the town of Sintra, the National Palace is one of the country's oldest royal residences. Together with its rich mixture of architectural styles from different eras and cultures, the National Palace's long history of being the place where monarchs and councils made historic decisions makes the site today an especially appealing tourist attraction. With its origins in a 14th-century Gothic palace of the era of King Dinis (r. 1279-1325), this monument was added onto and altered in the course of the 15th century. It was in this palace that King João I made the vital decision in 1415 to send an expedition to capture Ceuta in Morocco, the beginning of Portugal's overseas empire. The most important additions to the palace, however, came between 1505 and 1520 under King Manuel I, and the Manueline architectural style was added to the original Gothic. The two massive Gothic kitchen chimneys from an earlier era were incorporated and not changed. Into the Manueline style was blended a strong Moorish art element including decorative tiles or azulejos and an adapted interior mosque, which was converted into a chapel. The National Palace contains the largest repository of the oldest azulejos, some dating to the 15th century, of any palace in Portugal. Among the unusual rooms must be counted the council room (with an ocean view), the Swan Room, and the Magpie Room, with rare, painted ceilings.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Sintra, National Palace of
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29 Rückgriff
m1. der oder ein Rückgriff auf... falling back on..., reverting ( oder going back) to...; der Stil stellt einen Rückgriff auf die Gotik dar the style represents a return to the Gothic2. EDV retrieval3. JUR. Regress* * *Rụ̈ck|griffm1)wenn ein Rückgriff auf vorhandene Reserven nicht möglich ist — if it is not possible to fall back on available resources
erlauben Sie mir einen Rückgriff auf bereits Gesagtes — allow me to revert to something that has already been said
2)See:= Regress* * *Rück·griffm recourse no indef art, no pl* * *1.ein Rückgriff auf … falling back on …, reverting ( oder going back) to …;der Stil stellt einen Rückgriff auf die Gotik dar the style represents a return to the Gothic2. IT retrieval* * *m.fall-back n.recourse n. -
30 rayonnant
rayonnant, e [ʀεjɔnɑ̃, ɑ̃t]adjective[beauté, air, personne, sourire] radiant ; [visage] beaming• visage rayonnant de joie/santé face radiant with joy/with health* * *rayonnante ʀɛjɔnɑ̃, ɑ̃t adjectif [air, personne, beauté, joie, visage] radiant; [sourire] beamingrayonnant de — [personne] glowing with; [visage] shining ou radiant with
* * *ʀɛjɔnɑ̃, ɑ̃t adj rayonnant, -e(sourire) radiant, (personne) beaming* * *rayonnant, rayonnante adj1 ( radieux) [air, personne, beauté, joie] radiant; [sourire] beaming; [visage] shining; rayonnant de [personne] glowing ou radiant with; [visage] shining ou radiant with;3 ( disposé en rayons) [décor] that radiates outwards; chapelles rayonnantes radiating chapels; gothique rayonnant High Gothic.( féminin rayonnante) [rɛjɔnɑ̃, ɑ̃t] adjectif1. [radieux] radiantrayonnant de santé glowing ou blooming with health3. PHYSIQUEchaleur/énergie rayonnante radiant heat/energy4. MÉDECINE -
31 gotički
adj art & print Gothic* * *• Gothic -
32 nochd
-
33 style
1. noun1) (a manner or way of doing something, eg writing, speaking, painting, building etc: different styles of architecture; What kind of style are you going to have your hair cut in?; a new hairstyle.) estilo2) (a fashion in clothes etc: the latest Paris styles; I don't like the new style of shoe.) moda3) (elegance in dress, behaviour etc: She certainly has style.) estilo, clase, elegancia
2. verb1) (to arrange (hair) in a certain way: I'm going to have my hair cut and styled.) marcar, peinar2) (to design in a certain style: These chairs/clothes are styled for comfort.) concebir; diseñar•- stylish- stylishly
- stylishness
- stylist
- in style
style n1. estilo2. modelo / modatr[staɪl]1 (gen) estilo2 (type, model) modelo, diseño3 (of hair) peinado4 (fashion) moda5 formal use (correct title) título6 SMALLBOTANY/SMALL estilo2 formal use (name, title) llamar\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto be somebody's style ir con alguien, irle a alguiento do something in style hacer algo a lo grande1) name: llamar2) : peinar (pelo), diseñar (vestidos, etc.)carefully styled prose: prosa escrita con gran esmerostyle n1) : estilo mthat's just his style: él es asíto live in style: vivir a lo grande2) fashion: moda fn.• elegancia s.f.• estilo s.m.• forma s.f.• lenguaje s.m.• moda s.f.• pistilo (Botánica) s.m.• pluma s.f.• tratamiento s.m.• título s.m.• uso s.m.v.• adaptar a la moda v.• cortar a la moda v.• intitular v.• peinar v.
I staɪl1) c ua) ( manner of acting) estilo mto cramp somebody's style — inhibir or cohibir* a alguien, limitar a alguien en su libertad de acción
b) (Art, Lit, Mus) estilo min the style of William Morris — al estilo or a la manera de William Morris
2) u ( elegance) estilo mto liveavel in style — vivir/viajar a lo grande
3)a) c (type, model) diseño m, modelo mb) u c ( fashion) moda fc) c ( hair style) peinado m
II
1) (design, shape) \<\<car/furniture/clothes\>\> diseñar2) (name, designate) (frml) llamar[staɪl]1. N1) (Mus, Art, Literat) estilo m2) (=design, model) estilo m3) (=mode) estilo mmanagement style — estilo m administrativo
style of living — estilo m de vida
in the Italian style — al estilo italiano, a la italiana
that's the style! — ¡así se hace!, ¡muy bien!
this is a lesson in economics, nineties style — esta es una lección de economía al estilo de los noventa
house 3.6 March, old/new style — 6 de marzo, según el calendario juliano/gregoriano
4) (=elegance) estilo mto do sth in style — hacer algo por todo lo alto or a lo grande
they celebrated in style — lo celebraron por todo lo alto or a lo grande
to live in style — vivir por todo lo alto or rodeado de lujo
5) (=fashion) moda fto go out of style — [mode of dress] pasar de moda
they spent money like it was going out of style * — hum gastaban dinero a troche y moche or como si fuera agua
she was drinking vodka like it was going out of style — bebía vodka como si se estuviera acabando el mundo
6) * (=way of behaving) estilo mcramp I, 1.7) (also: hairstyle) peinado m8) (=form of address) título m2. VT1) frm (=call, designate)the headmaster is styled "rector" — al director se le llama "rector"
self-styledhe styles himself "Doctor" — se hace llamar "Doctor"
2) (=design) [+ clothes, car, model] diseñarJackie's hair was styled by... — Jackie ha sido peinada por...
3) (Typ) [+ manuscript] editar (siguiendo el estilo de la editorial)3.CPDstyle book N — (Typ) libro m de estilo
style guru * N — gurú mf de la moda
style sheet N — (Comput) hoja f de estilo
* * *
I [staɪl]1) c ua) ( manner of acting) estilo mto cramp somebody's style — inhibir or cohibir* a alguien, limitar a alguien en su libertad de acción
b) (Art, Lit, Mus) estilo min the style of William Morris — al estilo or a la manera de William Morris
2) u ( elegance) estilo mto live/travel in style — vivir/viajar a lo grande
3)a) c (type, model) diseño m, modelo mb) u c ( fashion) moda fc) c ( hair style) peinado m
II
1) (design, shape) \<\<car/furniture/clothes\>\> diseñar2) (name, designate) (frml) llamar -
34 character
noun1) (mental or moral qualities, integrity) Charakter, derbe of good character — ein guter Mensch sein; einen guten Charakter haben
a woman of character — eine Frau mit Charakter
strength of character — Charakterstärke, die
the town has a character all of its own — die Stadt hat einen ganz eigenen Charakter
have no character — charakterlos od. ohne Charakter sein
be in/out of character — (fig.) typisch/untypisch sein
his behaviour was quite out of character — (fig.) sein Betragen war ganz und gar untypisch für ihn
be [quite] a character/a real character — ein [echtes/richtiges] Original sein
* * *['kærəktə] 1. noun1) (the set of qualities that make someone or something different from others; type: You can tell a man's character from his handwriting; Publicity of this character is not good for the firm.) der Charakter2) (a set of qualities that are considered admirable in some way: He showed great character in dealing with the danger.) die Persönlichkeit3) (reputation: They tried to damage his character.) der Ruf4) (a person in a play, novel etc: Rosencrantz is a minor character in Shakespeare's `Hamlet'.) die Rolle5) (an odd or amusing person: This fellow's quite a character!)6) (a letter used in typing etc: Some characters on this typewriter are broken.) das Schriftzeichen•- academic.ru/12087/characteristic">characteristic2. noun(a typical quality: It is one of his characteristics to be obstinate.) die Eigenschaft- characteristically- characterize
- characterise
- characterization
- characterisation* * *char·ac·ter[ˈkærəktəʳ, AM ˈkerəktɚ]nto be similar in \character sich dat im Wesen ähnlich sein▪ to not be in \character untypisch sein▪ out of \character ungewöhnlichstrength of \character Charakterstärke fweakness of \character Charakterschwäche fto be of bad/good \character ein schlechter/guter Mensch seinof dubious/irreproachable/questionable \character von zweifelhaftem/untadeligem/fragwürdigem Charakterhe's quite a \character der ist vielleicht 'ne Type famlack of \character fehlende Originalität6. LAWto issue \character evidence Leumundsbeweise pl [o SCHWEIZ, ÖSTERR Leumundszeugnis] nt aufbieten* * *['krɪktə(r)]nit's out of character for him to do that — es ist eigentlich nicht seine Art, so etwas zu tun
to be of good/bad character — ein guter/schlechter Mensch sein
2) no pl (= strength of character) Charakter mshe/it has no character —
5) (= person in public life) Persönlichkeit f, Gestalt f; (= original person) Original nt; (inf = person) Typ m (inf), Type f (inf)6) (= reference) Zeugnis ntto type 100 characters per minute — 100 Anschläge pro Minute machen
* * *character [ˈkærəktə(r); -rık-]A s1. allg Charakter m:a) Wesen n, Art f (eines Menschen etc):they are different in character sie sind charakterlich verschiedenb) guter Charakter:(strong) character Charakterstärke f;c) (ausgeprägte) Persönlichkeit:he is an odd character er ist ein merkwürdiger Mensch oder Charakter;2. a) Ruf m, Leumund mb) Zeugnis n (besonders für Personal):give sb a good character jemandem ein gutes Zeugnis ausstellen (a. fig)3. Eigenschaft f, Rang m, Stellung f:in his character of ambassador in seiner Eigenschaft als Botschafter5. THEAT etc Rolle f:a) der Rolle gemäß,b) fig (zum Charakter des Ganzen) passend;it is in character es passt dazu, zu ihm etc;6. a) Schriftzeichen n, Buchstabe m:in large characters in Großbuchstaben;know sb’s characters jemandes Handschrift kennenb) COMPUT (Schrift)Zeichen n7. Ziffer f, Zahl(zeichen) f(n)8. Geheimzeichen nB adj1. a) Charakter…:character analysis Charakteranalyse f;character assassination Rufmord m;a) Ausdruckstanz m,b) (typischer) Nationaltanz;character defect Charakterfehler m;character sketch Charakterskizze f;character study Charakterstudie f;character trait Charakterzug m;c) THEAT etc Chargen…:character actor Chargenspieler m;2. IT, COMPUT:character code Zeichencode m;character printer Zeichen-, Buchstabendrucker m;character recognition (Schrift)Zeichenerkennung f;character set Zeichensatz m* * *noun1) (mental or moral qualities, integrity) Charakter, derbe of good character — ein guter Mensch sein; einen guten Charakter haben
strength of character — Charakterstärke, die
have no character — charakterlos od. ohne Charakter sein
3) (in novel etc.) Charakter, der; (part played by somebody) Rolle, diebe in/out of character — (fig.) typisch/untypisch sein
his behaviour was quite out of character — (fig.) sein Betragen war ganz und gar untypisch für ihn
4) (coll.): (extraordinary person) Original, dasbe [quite] a character/a real character — ein [echtes/richtiges] Original sein
* * *(literary) n.Schriftzeichen n.Zeichen - n. (typography) n.Symbol -e n. n.Beschaffenheit f.Charakter m.Person -en f.Persönlichkeit f.Rolle -n f. -
35 style
style [stil]masculine noun• style direct/indirect direct/indirect style* * *stilnom masculin1) Art, Littérature, Sport styleelle est du style à passer une nuit blanche pour finir un article — she's the kind that would stay up all night to finish an article
il m'a répondu quelque chose du style ‘on vous téléphonera’ — he told me they'd phone me, or something like that
2) ( de mobilier)meubles de style — ( anciens) period furniture; ( copiés) reproduction period furniture
3) Linguistique speech formstyle direct/indirect — direct/indirect ou reported speech
4) ( tige de cadran solaire) style5) Botanique, Zoologie style* * *stil nm* * *style nm1 Art, Littérat, Sport style; style journalistique journalistic style, journalese péj; style télégraphique telegraphic style, telegraphese péj; style de vie lifestyle; avoir du style to have style; manquer de style to lack style; n'achète pas ce chapeau, ce n'est vraiment pas ton style don't buy this hat, it's just not your style; elle joue de la guitare dans le style flamenco she plays the guitar flamenco style; il excelle dans un comique du style Laurel et Hardy he's at his best in Laurel and Hardy style comedy; elle veut se donner le style Marilyn Monroe she's trying to cultivate the Marilyn Monroe look; ça, c'est bien (dans) ton style! that's you all over○!; c'est bien (dans) ton style de faire it's typical of you ou it's just like you to do; elle est du style à passer une nuit blanche pour finir un article she's the kind that would stay up all night to finish an article; il m'a répondu qch du style ‘on vous téléphonera’ he told me they'd phone me, or something like that;2 ( de mobilier) meubles de style ( anciens) period furniture; ( copiés) reproduction period furniture; mobilier de style Louis XV ( ancien) Louis XV furniture; ( copié) reproduction Louis XV furniture;4 ( tige de cadran solaire) style;5 Antiq stylus;[stil] nom masculin1. [d'un écrivain, d'un journal] stylec'est écrit dans le plus pur style administratif/journalistique it's written in purest bureaucratic jargon (péjoratif)/journalese (péjoratif)son style de jeu his (particular) way of playing, his stylestyle gothique/Régence Gothic/Regency style4. [genre, ordre d'idée] styledis-lui que tu vas réfléchir, ou quelque chose dans ou de ce style tell him you'll think about it, or something along those lines ou in that vein5. (familier) [manière d'agir] styletu aurais pu l'avoir dénoncé — ce n'est pas mon style you could have denounced him — it's not my style ou that's not the sort of thing I'd do10. LINGUISTIQUEstyle direct/indirect direct/indirect speech————————de style locution adjectivale[meuble, objet] period (modificateur) -
36 style
[staɪl] nhis office is very utilitarian in \style sein Büro ist sehr praktisch eingerichtet;\style of life Lebensstil m, Lebensweise f;\style of teaching Unterrichtsstil m;in the \style of sb/ sth im Stil von jdm/etw;in the Gothic \style archit, art im gotischen Stil;to have real \style Klasse [o Format] haben;to have no \style keinen Stil haben;it takes \style to make a mistake like that and still go on to win es braucht schon Format, so einen Fehler zu machen und trotzdem noch zu gewinnen;to do things in \style alles im großen Stil tun;to travel in \style mit allem Komfort [ver]reisenthe latest \style die neueste Mode, der letzte Schrei ( fam)to be in \style Mode [o modisch] sein;to be out of \style aus der Mode kommen1) ( arrange)to \style sth plan, design etw entwerfen;( shape) etw gestalten;to \style a car ein Auto entwerfen;to \style hair die Haare frisieren;elegantly \styled jackets elegant geschnittene Jacken2) ( designate) -
37 ENDA
I)conj.1) with subj. (a standing phrase in the law connecting the latter clause of a conditional premiss) if, and if, and in case that, and supposing that;nú hefir maðr sveinbarn fram fœrt í œsku, enda verði sá maðr veginn síðan, þá …, if a man has brought a boy up in his youth, and it so happens that he (the boy) be slain, then …;2) even if, allhough, with subj. (seg mér, hvat til berr, at þú veizt fyrir úorðna hluti, enda sér þú eigi spámaðr);3) even;þá skal hann segja búum sínum til, enda á, þingi, even in parliment;4) if only with subj. (fyrir engan mun þori ek at vekja konunginn en segja má ek honum tíðindin, ef þú vill, enda vekir þú hann);5) and indeed, and of course, and also, and besides;enda skulum vér þá leysa þik, and then of course we shall loose thee;sýnist þat jafnan, at ek em fégjarn, enda man svá enn, and so it will be also in this case;6) and yet;eigi nenni ek at hafa þat saman, at veita Högna, enda drepa bróður hans, I cannot bear to do both, help H. and yet kill his brother;7) ellipt. without a preceding premiss;enda tak þú nú øxi þína, and now take thy axe.(að, or enda, ent), v.1) to end, coming to an end (í því sama klaustri endi hann sína æfi);impers., endar þar sögu frá honum, the tale of him ends there;2) to fulfil, perform (enda heit sitt);3) to mark the end of, to bound (af suðri endir hana [i. e. Asia] úthafit);4) refl., endast, to end, come to an end (reiði mannsins endist á einu augabragði);to last, hold out (berjast meðan dagrinn endist);meðan mér endast föng til, as long as my provisions last;ef honum endist aldr til, if he lives so long;meðan mér endast lífdagar, meðan ek endumst, as long as I live;to turn out, to end (well or ill), to do (enda mun þat fám bóndum vel endast at synja mér mægðar).* * *1.a copul. conj. with a slight notion of cause or even disjunction: [the use of this copulative is commonly regarded as a test word to distinguish the Scandin. and the Saxon-Germ.; the A. S. ende, Engl. and, Hel. end, Germ. und being represented by Scandin. auk, ok, or og: whereas the disjunctive particle is in Scandin. en, enn, or even enda, answering to the Engl., A. S., and Germ. aber, but; the Gothic is neutral, unless jab, by which Ulf. renders καί, be = auk, ok:—this difference, however, is more apparent than real; for the Icel. ‘enda’ is probably identical with the Germ. and Saxon und, and: in most passages it has a distinct copulative sense, but with something more than this]:—and, etc.I. with subj., a standing phrase in the law, connecting the latter clause of a conditional premiss, if so and so, and if …, and again if …; or it may be rendered, and in case that, and supposing that, or the like. The following references will make it plainer; ef goðinn er um sóttr, enda hafi hann öðrum manni í hönd selt …, þá skal hann ok sekja …, if a suit lies against the priest, ‘and’ he has named a proxy, then the suit lies also against him (viz. the proxy), Grág. i. 95; ef skip hverfr ok sé eigi til spurt á þrim vetrum, enda sé spurt ef þeim löndum öllum er vár tunga er á, þá …, if a ship disappears without being heard of for three years, ‘and’ inquiry has been made from all the countries where ‘our tongue’ is spoken, then …, 218; ef goðinn gerr eigi nemna féránsdóm, enda sé hann at lögum beiddr …, þá varðar goðanum fjörbaugsgarð, if the priest name not the court of férán, ‘and’ has been lawfully requested thereto, then he is liable to the lesser outlawry, 94; nú hefir maðr sveinbarn fram fært í æsku, enda verði sá maðr veginn síðan, þá …, if a man has brought a boy up in his youth, ‘and in case that’ he (the boy) be slain, then …, 281; ef maðr færir meybarn fram …, enda beri svá at…, ok ( then) skal sá maðr …, id.; ef menn selja ómaga sinn af landi héðan, ok eigi við verði, enda verði þeir ómagar færðir út hingat síðan, þá …, 274; hvervetna þess er vegnar sakir standa úbættar á milli manna, enda vili menn sættask á þau mál …, þá …, ii. 20; ef sá maðr var veginn er á ( who has) vist með konu, enda sé þar þingheyandi nokkurr …, þá …, 74; þat vóru lög, ef þrælar væri drepnir fyrir manni, enda ( and in case that) væri eigi færð þrælsgjöldin fyrir hina þriðju sól, þá …, Eg. 723, cp. Eb. 222; þótt maðr færi fram ellri mann, karl eðr konu, í barnæsku, enda ( and in case that) berisk réttarfar síðan um þá menn, þá skal …, 281; ef þú þorir, enda sér þú nokkut at manni, if thou darest, ‘and supposing that’ thou art something of a man, Fb. i. 170, segja má ek honum tíðendin ef þú vilt, enda vekir þú hann, ‘and supposing that’ thou wilt awake him, Fms. iv. 170; en þeir eru skilnaðarmenn réttir er með hvárigum fóru heiman vísir vitendr, enda ( and even) vildi þeir svá skilja þá, Grág. ii. 114; enda fylgi þeir hvárigum í braut ( supposing they), id.; hvat til berr er þú veizt úorðna hluti, enda sér þú eigi spámaðr, supposing that thou art a prophet, Fms. i. 333.2. rarely with indic.; ef kona elr börn með óheimilum manni, enda gelzt þó fé um, hón á eigi…, Eb. 225.II. even, even if, usually with indic.; kona á sakir þær allar ef hún vill reiðask við, enda komi ( even if) eigi fram loforðit, Grág. i. 338: in single sentences, þá skal hann segja búum sínum til, enda á þingi, even in parliament, ii. 351: the phrase, e. svá ( even so), eigi þau handsöl hennar at haldask, enda svá þau er, i. 334; enda er þó rétt virðing þeirra, ef …, and their taxation is even (also) lawful, if …, 209: in mod. usage very freq. in this sense (= even).III. denoting that a thing follows from the premiss, and consequently, and of course, and then, or the like, and forsooth, freq. in prose with indic.; man ek eigi optar heimta þetta fé, enda verða þér aldri at liði síðan, I shall not call for this debt any more, ‘and also’ lend thee help never more, Vápn. 18; ef þeir eru eigi fleiri en fimm, enda eigi færi, if they are not more than five, and also not less, Grág. i. 38; enda eigu menn þá at taka annan lögsögumann ef vilja, and they shall then elect another speaker if they choose, 4; enda skulum vér þá leysa þik, and then of course we shall loose thee, Edda 20; varðar honum skóggang, enda verðr hann þar óheilagr, and of course or and even, and to boot, Grág. ii. 114; skal hann segja til þess á mannamótum, enda varðar honum þá eigi við lög, i. 343; á sá sök er hross á, enda verðr sá jamt sekr um nautnina sem aðrir menn, 432; þá á sök þá hvárr er vill, enda skal lögsögumaðr …, 10; enda á hann kost at segja lögleigor á féit, ef hann vill þat heldr, 217; trúi ek honum miklu betr en ( than) öðrum, enda skal ek þessu ráða, and besides I will settle this myself, Eg. 731; sýnisk þat jafnan at ek em fégjarn, enda man svá enn, it is well known that I am a money-loving man, and so it will be too in this case, Nj. 102; beið ek af því þinna atkvæða, enda num öllum þat bezt gegna, I waited for thy decision, and (as) that will be the best for all of us, 78; er þat ok líkast at þér sækit með kappi, enda munu þeir svá verja, and so will they do in their turn, 227; Hallgerðr var fengsöm ok storlynd, enda ( and on the other hand) kallaði hón til alls þess er aðrir áttu í nánd, 18; mikit má konungs gæfa um slíka hluti, enda mun mikill frami fásk í ferðinni ef vel tekst, Fms. iv. í 29; Ölver var málsnjallr ok máldjarfr, e. var hann vitr maðr, 235; ekki mun ek halda til þess at þú brjótir lög þín, enda eru þau eigi brotin, ef …, neither are they broken, if …, Fb. i. 173, Mork. 81.2. with a notion of disjunction, and yet; eigi nenni ek at hafa þat saman, at veita Högna, enda drepa bróður hans, I cannot bear to do both, help Hogni and yet kill his brother, Nj. 145; er þér töldut Grænland vera veðrgott land, enda er þat þó fullt af jöklum ok frosti, that you call Greenland a mild climate, and yet it is full of frost and ice, Sks. 209 B.3. ellipt. in an abrupt sentence, without a preceding premiss; enda tak nú öxi þína, and now take thy axe (implying that I can no longer prevent thee), Nj. 58; enda þarf hér mikils við, 94; maðrinn segir, enda fauk höfuðit af bolnum, the man continued,—nay, the head flew off the body, Ld. 290: even in some passages one MS. uses ‘enda,’ another ‘ok,’ e. g. skorti nú ekki, enda var drengilega eptir sótt (ok var drengilega eptir sótt, v. l.), Fms. viii. 357; cp. Fb. iii. 258, 1. 16, and Mork. 7, 1. 15: the law sometimes uses ‘ok’ exactly in the sense of enda, ef maðr selr ómaga sinn af landi brott, ‘ok’ verði hinn aptrreki er við tók, þá …, Grág. i. 275.2.d, (enda, að, Fs. 8, Ld. 50, Bs. i. 865; mod. usage distinguishes between enda að, to end, finish, and enda t, to fulfil):—to end, bring to an end; ok endi þar líf sitt, Fms. i. 297; af ráðinn ok endaðr, Fs. l. c.; endaðir sínu valdi, Bs. i. 865.2. metaph. to bring to an end, fulfil, perform a promise or the like; þá sýslu er hann endi eigi, work which he did not perform, Grág. ii. 267; þótti Heinreki biskupi Gizurr eigi enda við konung þat sem hann hafði heitið, Fms. x. 51; enda þeir þat er Páll postuli mælti, Hom. 135; hefir þú komit ok ent þat er þú lofaðir, Niðrst. 8.II. reflex, to end, come to an end; reiði mannsins endisk á einu augabragði, 656 A. ii. 17; er svá hefjask upp at eigi endask, 656 B. 3; þá endisk sá enn mikli höfðingskapr Dana konunga, Fms. xi. 205; þær endask ok byrjask jafnfram ávalt, Rb. 232.2. to last out; ok endisk þá, allt á sumar fram, Nj. 18; meðan mér endask föng til, Eg. 66; en honum endisk eigi til þess líf, Bs. i. 77; en er veizlor endusk eigi fyrir fjölmennis sakir, Hkr. ii. 92; ok endisk því þetta hóti lengst, Gísl. 50; meðan ek endumk til, as long as I last, i. e. live, Fms. iv. 292.3. to end well, do; enda mun þat fám bóndum vel endask at synja mér mægðar, Ísl. ii. 215; ek veit, at þat má honum eigi endask, ef …, Rd. 311; ok öngum skyldi öðrum hans kappa enzk hafa betta nema þér, Fas. i. 104; segir honum eigi ella endask mundu, Fms. iv. 143.III. impers. in the phrase, sögu endar, endar þar sögu frá honum, it ends the tale, i. e. the tale is ended, Ld. 50: in mod. usage Icel. can say, saga endar, sögu endar, and saga endast, here the story ends. -
38 special
special ['speʃəl](a) (exceptional, particular → offer, friend, occasion, ability) spécial; (→ reason, effort, pleasure) particulier;∎ pay special attention to the details faites particulièrement attention aux détails;∎ this is a very special moment for me c'est un moment particulièrement important pour moi;∎ can you do me a special favour? pouvez-vous me rendre un grand service?;∎ I'll do it as a special favour to you je le ferai, mais c'est bien pour toi ou parce que c'est toi;∎ it's a special case c'est un cas particulier ou à part;∎ a special feature of the church is its Gothic belltower le clocher gothique de l'église est l'un de ses traits distinctifs;∎ they put on a special train for the match ils ont prévu un train supplémentaire pour le match;∎ what did you do last night? - nothing special qu'as-tu fait hier soir? - rien de spécial;∎ the food was OK but nothing special la nourriture était assez bonne mais elle n'avait rien d'exceptionnel;∎ I'm going to cook something special for dinner tonight ce soir, je vais cuisiner quelque chose qui sorte de l'ordinaire;∎ what's so special about this car? qu'est-ce que cette voiture a de si extraordinaire?;∎ to get special treatment bénéficier d'un traitement de faveur(b) (specific → need, problem) spécial, particulier; (→ equipment) spécial; (→ adviser) particulier;∎ special characteristic particularité f;∎ you need special permission il vous faut une autorisation spéciale;∎ by special permission of the Lyme museum avec l'aimable autorisation du musée Lyme;∎ she has a special interest in Italian art elle s'intéresse beaucoup à ou porte un intérêt tout particulier à l'art italien;∎ minister with special responsibility for economic development ministre chargé du développement économique;∎ children with special needs enfants ayant des difficultés d'apprentissage∎ this house is very special to me cette maison m'est très chère;∎ you're very special to me je tiens beaucoup à toi;∎ a special relationship des rapports mpl privilégiés;∎ Politics the special relationship = relations d'amitié entre les USA et la Grande-Bretagne;∎ a present for a special person un cadeau pour un être cher;∎ for someone special (on card) pour quelqu'un qui m'est cher2 noun∎ they put on a football/holiday special ils ont mis un train/car supplémentaire pour le match de football/les départs en vacances(b) (in restaurant) spécialité f;∎ the chef's/the house special la spécialité du chef/de la maison;∎ today's special le plat du jour(c) Television émission f spéciale; Journalism (issue) numéro m spécial; (feature) article m spécial;∎ they brought out a special on the war ils ont sorti un numéro spécial sur la guerre∎ sugar is on special today le sucre est en promotion aujourd'hui►► special agent (spy etc) agent m secret;Special Air Service = commando d'intervention spéciale de l'armée britannique;Special Branch = service de police britannique chargé des crimes contre la sûreté de l'État, ≃ Renseignements mpl généraux;British special constable auxiliaire mf de police;Journalism special correspondent envoyé(e) m,f spécial(e);special delivery = service postal britannique garantissant la distribution du courrier sous 24 heures;∎ to send sth special delivery envoyer qch en exprès;Finance special drawing rights droits mpl de tirage spéciaux;special education enseignement m spécialisé;Cinema & Television special effects effets mpl spéciaux;Computing special interest group groupe m d'intérêt;special interest holidays vacances fpl à thème;British special licence dispense f de bans;∎ to be married by special licence se marier avec dispense de bans;special offer promotion f;∎ to be on special offer être en promotion;Politics special powers pouvoirs mpl extraordinaires;British special school établissement m d'enseignement spécialisé (pour enfants handicapés ou inadaptés);Typography special sort caractère m spécialⓘ SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP Les liens étroits qu'entretiennent la Grande-Bretagne et les États-Unis depuis l'époque coloniale, tant sur le plan culturel que sur le plan diplomatique, sont souvent désignés par l'expression "the special relationship" ("la relation privilégiée"). Par ailleurs, les liens forgés entre les deux pays à l'occasion des deux guerres mondiales et durant toute la guerre froide ont fait de la Grande-Bretagne l'allié privilégié de la super-puissance américaine. La "special relationship" connut son apogée durant les années 80, qui virent Margaret Thatcher adopter une politique résolument pro-américaine, au détriment des liens avec les partenaires européens de la Grande-Bretagne. Aujourd'hui, certains critiques reprochent au personnel politique britannique de s'aligner systématiquement sur Washington en matière de politique extérieure au nom de la "special relationship". -
39 европейская готика
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > европейская готика
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40 HALDA
* * *(held; hélt, héldum; haldinn), v.I. with dat.1) to hold fast (Gunnarr var kyrr svá at honum hélt einn maðr);to keep back, restrain (Hrafn fekk eigi haldit henni heima);2) to withhold (héldu bœndrgjaldinu);3) to keep, retain (þú skalt jafhan þessu sæti halda);to preserve (halda virðingu sinni, lífi ok limum);halda vöku sinni, to keep oneself awake;4) to hold, keep one’s stock;also ellipt. (vetr var illr ok héldu menn illa);5) phrases, halda njósnum, to keep watch, to spy (= halda njósnum til um e-t);halda (hendi) fyrir auga, to hold (the hand) before the eyes, shade the eyes;halda hendi yfir e-m, to protect one;6) to hold, stand, steer, ellipt., þeir héldu aptr (held back again) um haustit;þeir héldu út eptir fírði, they stood out the firth;halda heim, to steer homewards;7) to graze, put in the field (halda fé til haga);8) impers. to continue, last (hélt því lengi um vetrinn);II. with acc.1) to hold in possession, a fief, land, estate (þeir héldu alla hina beztu staði með sjónum);2) to hold, keep, observe, a feast, holiday (í hvers minning heldr þú þenna. dag?);3) to keep (halda orð sín, eið, sættir, frið);to observe (halda guðs lög ok landsins);4) to uphold, maintain, support (halda vini sína, halda e-n til ríkis);5) halda sik, to comport oneself (kunna halda sik með hófi);halda sik ríkmannliga, to fare sumptuously;halda sik aptr af e-u, to abstain from;6) to hold, consider, deem (hón hélt engan hans jafningja);7) to hold, keep up;halda varnir, to keep up a defence;halda vörð, to keep watch;8) to hold, compel, bind (heldr mik þá ekki til útanferðar);þó heldr þik várkunn til at leita á, thou hast some excuse for trying;III. with preps.:halda á e-u, to hold, wield in the hand (halda á sverði);to hold to a thing, go on with it, be busy about (halda á drykkju, á ferð sinni, á sýslu);halda e-t af e-m, to hold (land, office) from or of one (þeir er höfðu haldið land af Danakonungi);halda mikit af e-m, to make much of one;halda eptir e-m, to pursue one;halda e-u eptir, to keep back;halda sik frá e-u, to keep oneself back from, refrain from;halda e-u fram, to uphold, support;halda e-u fyrir e-u, to withhold from one;to protect against (héldu engar grindr fénu fyrir birninum);halda e-n fyrir e-t, to hold, consider one to be so and so (síðan hélt konungr Erling fyrir tryggvan vin);halda í e-t, to hold fast, grasp (þú skalt halda í hurðarhringinn);halda til e-s, to be the cause of, be conducive to;heldr þar margt til þess, there are many reasons for this;hélt til þess (conduced to it) góðgirni hans;halda til e-s, to be bent on, fond of (halda mjök til skarts, til gleði);halda til jafns við e-n, to bear up against one, to be a match for one;halda um e-t, to grasp with the hand (= halda hendi um e-t);halda barni undir skírn, to hold at baptism;halda e-u upp, to hold aloft, lift (halda upp höndum);halda upp árum, to hold up the oars, cease pulling;to uphold, maintain, support (halda upp hofum, kristninni);to keep going (halda upp bardaga);to discharge (halda upp kostnaði, bótum);halda upp bœnum fyrir e-m, to pray for one;halda e-u við, to maintain a thing;halda við e-m, to stand against (hvar sem harm kom fram, hélt ekki við honum);impers. to be on the point of;hélt þá við atgöngu (acc.), they were near coming to fight;heldr nú við hót, it is little short of threats;IV. refl., haldast.* * *pret. hélt (= Goth. haihald), 2nd pérs. hélt, mod. hélzt, pl. héldum; pres. held, pl. höldum; pret. subj. héldi; part. haldinn; imperat. hald and haltú: [Ulf. haldan = βόσκειν, ποιμαίνειν, whereas he renders to keep, hold by other words; Hel. haldan = alere, fovere, colere, which thus seems to be the primitive sense of the word, and to be akin to Lat. cŏlo; again, A. S. healdan, Engl. hold, O. H. G. haltan, Germ. halten, Swed. hålla, halda, Dan. holde, are all of them used in a more general sense]:—to hold.A. WITH DAT. to hold to:I. to hold fast by; with the notion of restraint or force, tók Gizurr förunaut Ögmundar ok hélt honum, Sturl. i. 150; Gunnarr var kyrr svá at honum hélt einn maðr, Nj. 92; ef maðr heldr manni …, varðar fjörbaugs-garð, Grág. ii. 110; h. e-m undir drep, 17; h. skipum ( to grapple the ships) með stafnljám, Fms. ii. 315: to keep back, Hrafn fékk eigi haldit henni heima þar, Ísl. ii. 249; ok halda þeim veðr í enni sömu höfn, Grág. i. 92; h. (sér) í e-t, to hold oneself fast by, grasp, þú skalt h. í hurðar-hringinn, Dropl. 29; heldr sér í faxit, Sd. 177.β. so in the phrases, halda barni (manni) undir skírn, vatn, primsignan, biskups hönd, eccl. to hold a bairn ( man) at baptism, prima signatio, confirmation, Grág. i. 29; h. vatni (tárum), to hold one’s tears, 623. 56, Fms. viii. 232, vi. (in a verse); halda munni, to hold one’s tongue, be silent, vii. 227; halda tungu sinni, Þórð.2. to withhold; þá megu þeir h. tíundum hans í móti, K. Þ. K. 62; h. vætti, Grág. i. 42; h. gögnum, 56; ef goði heldr tylftar-kvið, er hann heldr kviðnum, 58; halda matinum fyrir honum, 47; h. sköttum fyrir e-m, Nj. 8; h. skógar-manni fyrir e-m, Finnb. 334; um þat er hann hefir konunni haldit, Grág. i. 313; héldu bændr gjaldinu, Fms. vii. 302; hélt ek því (i. e. the money) fyrir honum, i. e. paid it not, Ísl. ii. 244.II. to hold, of a rope or the like; sá maðr hugði h. mundu er festi, … ok h. mundu í slíku veðri, Grág. ii. 361; reip þau tíu er tveggja manna afli haldi hvert, id.; skal hann svá göra at haldi fyrir fyrnsku, 268.β. to hold, hold out, last; optast halda þar íllviðri litla hríð, Sks. 212; sunnudags-helgi ríss upp á laugardegi, ok heldr ( lasts) til mánadags, N. G. L. i. 138.III. to keep, retain, Germ. behalten; fá-ein skip héldu seglum sinum, Fms. x. 143; þú skalt jafnan þessu sæti h., Nj. 6; h. bústað sínum, Ld. 26; h. ríki sínu, Al. 58, Fms. i. 13; h. öllum Noregi, viii. 155; h. frelsi ok eignum, vi. 40; h. hlut sínum, to uphold one’s right, Eg. passim; halt sömum vinum sem ek hefi haft, Fas. i. 375; h. hreinleik sínum, Al. 58.β. to hold, keep safe, preserve; h. hlut sínum, Ld. 54; h. heilsu, Grág. i. 145; h. virðingu sinni, Ld. 16; þá heldr hann kosti sínum, Grág. ii. 209; h. tíma ( honour) sínum, Al. 59; h. lífi ok limum, Eg. 89; h. lífinu, Nj. 111; h. trúnaði sínum, 109; vináttu sinni, Ld. 200; einorð sinni, Fb. ii. 265; h. sér réttum, to keep oneself right, Ld. 158; h. e-m heilum, Odd. 30; h. ríki fyrir e-m, Fms. v. 279; h. manna-forræði fyrir e-m, Hrafn. 19; h. réttu máli fyrir e-m, Fms. vii. 64.2. to continue to keep, keep all along; h. teknum hætti, Fms. iv. 254; h. vöku, to keep oneself awake, Ld. 152; but h. vöku fyrir e-m, to keep another awake; halda sýslu sinni, Fs. 36; h. högum, to keep grazing, Eb. 104, Ld. 148.3. to hold, keep one’s stock; ellipt., vetr var íllr ok héldu menn ílla, the winter was cold and it was ill to keep live stock, Sturl. ii. 143, (cp. fjár-höld); hann hélt vel svá at nær lifði hvat-vetna, Hrafn. 22: metaph., ílla hefir þinn faðir þá haldit, Fms. xi. 144; öld hefir ílla haldit, the people have had a sad loss, vi. (in a verse); h. fangi, and also ellipt. halda, of sheep and cattle, opp. to ‘to go back.’4. phrases, halda njósnum, to keep watch, to spy, Fms. viii. 146, Nj. 113; hann hélt njósnum til Önundar, Landn. 287; hélt konungr njósnum til, ef …, Fms. vii. 128; hann skyldi h. njósnum til ok gera orð konungi, i. 54; h. njósnum til um e-t, iv. 119, Nj. 93; halda njósn (sing.) um skip þat, Eg. 74; þér haldit njósnum nær færi gefr á Arnkatli, Eb. 186; hann lét h. njósnum uppi á landi, Fms. vii. 316; hann hélt fréttum til, ef …, iv. 349.β. halda (hendi) fyrir auga, to hold ( the hand) before the eyes, shade the eyes, Nj. 132, Fms. v. 196; h. fyrir munn e-m, to hold ( the hand) over one’s mouth; h. hendi yfir e-m, to hold the hand over one, protect one, Nj. 266, Fbr. 22, Korm.; h. hendi um háls e-m, to clasp the hands around one’s neck, Fms. i. 9; h. skildi fyrir e-n, to hold the shield for one as a second in a duel, Ísl. ii. 257, passim; h. e-m til náms, to hold one to the book, make one study, K. Þ. K. 56; h. e-m til virðingar, Ld. 98.IV. ellipt. (liði, skipi, för, stefnu, etc. understood), to hold, stand in a certain direction, esp. as a naut. term; þeir héldu aptr ( stood back again) um haustið, Eg. 69; treystisk hann eigi á haf at halda, Eb. 6; héldu þeir vestr um haf, id.; stigu þeir á skip sín, ok héldu út ( stood out) eptir firði, Fms. i. 63; þeir héldu þat sama sumar til Íslands, Ld. 6; hann hélt upp eptir hinni eystri kvísl, Fms. vii. 55; h. heim, to hold one’s course, stand homewards, Odd. 30; h. á braut, Grág. i. 92; Hrútr hélt suðr til Eyrar-sunds, Nj. 8; h. eptir e-m, to pursue one, 7; h. undan, to fly, Fms. x. 396, Nj. 98 (on land); kom móti þeim sunnan-veðr með myrkri, ok urðu þeir fyrir at h., to lay one’s course for the wind, A. A. 271; h. útleið, to stand on the outer tack, Eg. 78; h. til, to turn against, attack (on sea), Fms. xi. 72; hélt hann liði sínu suðr á Mæri, i. 62; þeir héldu liði sínu norðr til Þrándheims, id.; Haraldr konungr hélt norðan liði sínu, Eg. 32; héldu þeir skipi því suðr með landi, 69; skipi því lét hann halda vestr til Englands, id.; Unnr hélt skipinu í Orkneyjar, eptir þat hélt Unnr skipi sínu til Færeyja, Ld. 8.β. to graze, put in the field, of sheep, cattle; þykkir mér þat miklu skipta at þeim sé vel til haga haldit, Eg. 714; hvert Steinarr hafði látið nautum sínum halda, 715; ok bað hann h. nautunum annan veg, 716.γ. phrases, halda kyrru fyrir, to hold still, remain quiet, Ld. 216, Þórð. 30 new Ed., Nj. 223, 258; Hallr heldr nú til fangs ( went fishing) sem áðr, Ld. 38.V. with prep.; halda á e-u, to hold, wield in the hand, freq. in mod. usage, h. á bók, penna, fjöðr, hníf, skærum, nál, etc.; hafði hverr þat er hélt á, Nj. 279; h. á sverði, Fb. i. 33; hann tók við öxinni ok hélt (viz. á), ok sá á, Eg. 180: to hold fast, heldr nú maðr á manni, Fas. i. 12; eigi máttu helvítis byrgi h. á honum, 656 C. 6; ef hann heldr á fénu ( withholds it), Grág. i. 427.β. [Germ. anhalten], to hold to a thing, go on with, be busy about; h. á sýslu, to be busy, Rm. 14; h. á keri, qs. halda á drykkju, to go on drinking, carousing, Hm. 18: h. á hinni sömu bæn, Stj. 417; h. á fyrirsátrum við e-n, Þórð. 51 new Ed.; h. á búnaði sínum, Ld. 164; hélt hann þá á búnaði sínum sem skjótligast, Fms. ix. 215, x. 119, Sturl. ii. 245; þogar á bak Jólum hélt Ólafr konungr á búningi, Fms. v. 41; hann heldr nú á málinu, Nj. 259; nú heldr Þórðr á málinu ok verðr Oddný honum gipt, Bjarn. 11, Konr. (Fr.); h. á tilkalli, Fms. i. 84; h. á þessum sið, xi. 41; h. á för, to go on with one’s journey, Sighvat; gengu síðan brott ok héldu á ferð sinni, and went on their journey, Sturl.;—whence the mod. phrase, halda áfram, to go on, which seems not to occur in old writers.2. halda e-u fram, to hold up, make much of; bróðir minn mun mér mjök hafa fram haldit fyrir ástar sakir, Nj. 3.β. to hold on doing, (hence fram-hald, continuation); halda fram upp-teknu efni, Fms. i. 263; slíku hélt hann fram meðan hann lifði, iv. 254; hélt hann (fram) teknum hætti um veizlurnar, id., Grett. 14.3. halda saman, to hold together, Eluc. 6, Fms. vii. 140, Rb. 340.4. halda e-u upp, to hold aloft, Yngvarr hélt upp vísu þeirri, Eg. 152; steinninn heldr upp annarr öðrum, Rb. 390; h. upp árum, to hold up the oars, cease pulling, Fas. ii. 517, N. G. L. i. 65.β. to uphold, maintain, support; halda upp hofi, Landn. 64, Eb. 24; h. upp hofum ok efla blót, Fms. i. 91; h. upp kirkju, K. Þ. K. 52; h. upp Kristninni, Fms. i. 32: to keep going, h. upp bardaga, orrostu, xi. 66, 188, 340.γ. to discharge; h. upp féráns-dómi, Grág. i. 120; h. upp lögskilum, 145; h. upp svörum, Ó. H. 174; h. upp kostnaði, Eg. 77; h. upp gjaldi, Grág. i. 384; gjöldum, Fms. i. 81; h. upp bót, Grág. ii. 182; bótum, Eb. 100, 162, N. G. L. i. 311; ef hann heldr upp yfirbót ( penance) þeirri, Hom. 70; h. upp bænum fyrir e-m, to pray for one, Fms. xi. 271; hélt hann því vel upp sem vera átti, discharged it well, x. 93.δ. halda sér vel upp, to hold oneself well up, Sturl.ε. metaph., skal-at hann lögvillr verða, svá at honum haldi þat uppi (i. e. went unpunished), Grág. i. 316; ok heldr honum þat uppi ( that will save him), ef hann er rétt-hafi at orðinn, ii. 242.5. halda e-u við, to maintain a thing, Hkr. i. 195.VI. impers.,1. to continue, last; hélt því nokkura stund dags, Fms. x. 125: hélt því lengi um vetrinn, Ld. 288; regni hélt haustnótt gegnum, Fms. vi. 83.2. with prep. við, to be on the brink of; hélt þá við atgöngu, they were within a hair’s breadth of coming to fight, Hkr. i. 143; hélt þá við vandræði, Fms. ix. 434; heldr við bardaga, vi. 8; heldr nú við hót, it is little short of a threat, i. 305; hélt við blót, x. 106; ok hélt við flótta, i. 174; hélt við meiðingar, Nj. 21, Sd. 143; henni hélt við, at hón mundi drepa hana, Nj. 118; þeim hélt við váða sjálfan, Ó. H. 168; konungi hélt við, hvárt hann mundi standask eðr eigi, Mag. 100; honum hélt við kafnan, Bs. i. 18; hélt þó við at þeir mundi berjask, Fs. 53.B. WITH ACC. to hold:I. to hold in possession, a fief, land, estate, office, or the like; þeir héldu alla hina beztu staði með sjónum, Fms. xi. 131; þeir er áðr höfðu haldit land af Dana-konungi, i. 232; Eirekr skyldi h. land af Aðalsteini konungi, 23; Vemundr hélt Firða-fylki, Eg. 12; hélt hann þat ríki undir Knút konungi, Ísl. ii. 242; í þeirri borg héldu þeir langfeðgar fimmtán konungdóma, Ver. 37; h. land sem leigu-land, Grág. ii. 278; konungrinn heldr af Guði nafnit, Sks. 599 B; prestar er kirkjur halda, H. E. i. 486; sá prestr er heldr Pétrs-kirkju, N. G. L. i. 312; presta þeirra er kirkju halda, 346; skal sá maðr ráða er kirkju heldr, K. Þ. K. 60; Ólafs kirkju þá er Væringjar halda (the parish church of W.), Hkr. iii. 408.2. halda ábyrgju, ábyrgð á e-n, to have the responsibility of a thing, Grág. ii. 399, K. Þ. K. 66; h. grip, to be in the possession of, Grág. i. 438, ii. 190; h. skóla, to keep a school, Mar.; h. fylgð, to perform, Fms. ix. 279; eiga vandræði at h., to be in a strait, difficulty, Eb. 108.II. to hold, keep, observe, a feast, holiday, or the like; halda kirkju-dag, K. Þ. K. 42; í hvers minning heldr þú þenna dag? Nj. 157; h. helgan þvátt-dag hvern, Pr. 437; h. helga daga, Sl.; h. Jóla-dag, Páska, Hvíta-sunnu, Rb. 134; minnstú að h. helgan hvíldar-daginn Drottins Guðs þíns (the Fourth Commandment in the Icel. version); h. heilagt, to keep holiday, Dipl. ii. 14; í dag þá hátíð höldum vér til himna sté vor Herra, Hólabók 54; er Júdar héldu hátíðligt, Stj. 110; (hence forn-haldinn, time-honoured): of the day-marks (vide dagr, p. 95), er þaðan haldinn miðr-morgin, Hrafn. 9.2. to keep; halda orð sín, to keep one’s word, Fms. x. 95; höldum öll einka-mál vár, vii. 305; h. sættir, Nj. 57; gerðú svá vel, félagi, at þú halt vel sætt þessa, 111, Sturl. iii. 153, Fs. 65, Gullþ. 20; hann kvaðsk vilja hafa svardaga af þeim ok festu, at halda, Nj. 164; h. eið, Sturl. iii. 153; h. frið, to keep peace, Greg. 7; ef þú vilt nokkura hluti eigi h. þá er ek hefi á lagt við þik, Eg. 738: to observe faith, law, rite, etc., halda átrúnað, Fms. i. 34, x. 277; h. Guðs lög ok landsins, vii. 305; h. lands lög, viii. 155; h. ein lög, 625. 52; hafa ok halda þau lög, Fms. i. 34; h. Kristilega trú, K. Á. 74; h. mál (orð) e-s, Greg. 17; h. alla hluti með athugasamlegu minni, Sks. 439.3. to keep, tend; halda geitr, Hkv. 2. 20 (exactly as in Gothic).III. to uphold, maintain, support; þykkir mér þér sé nú ísjár-vert, hvárt þú munt fá haldit þik eðr eigi, Nj. 155; munu vér þó ekki einhlitir at h. oss eptir þessi verk, Háv. 50; at hón mætti með valdi h. sik ok menn sína, Fas. i. 375; þat væri nokkurr várkunn, at þú héldir frænda þinn eðr fóstbróður, en þetta er alls engi (at) halda útlaga konungs, Ó. H. 145; enda ætla ek lítinn viljann til at h. vini þína, Fms. vii. 244; því at Eysteinn konungr kenndi Inga konungi, at hann héldi þá menn, 248; ef þú heldr hann ( upholdest him) til þess at ganga á vini mína, Eg. 339; viljum vér allir fylgja þér ok þik til konungs halda, Fms. i. 34; Stephanus skyldi h. hann til laga ok réttinda, Sks. 653; h. e-n til ríkis, Fb. i. 236; vinsæld föður hans hélt hann mest til alþýðu vináttu, Fms. vii. 175; þeir sem upp h. ( sustain) þenna líkama, Anecd. 4.β. phrases, halda e-m kost, borð, to keep at board, entertain, Fms. ix. 220, x. 105, 146, Nj. 6; or, halda e-n at klæðum ok drykk, Ó. H. 69; h. stríð, bellum gerere (not class.), Fms. x. 51; h. úfrið, Fas. ii. 539.2. halda sik, to comfort oneself, Sks. 281, Hom. 29; kunna sik með hófi at h., Sturl. iii. 108; h. sik ríkmannliga, to fare sumptuously, Ld. 234; hann hélt betr húskarla sína en aðrir, Fms. vii. 242; h. mjök til skarts, to dress fine, Ld. 196; þar var Hrefna ok hélt allmjök til skarts, id.; hann var hægr hvers-dagliga, ok hélt mjök til gleði, Sturl. iii. 123; hélt hann hér mjök til vinsælda ok virðinga, he enjoyed much popularity and fame, Ld. 298.β. ellipt. (sik understood), at h. til jafns við e-n, to bear up against one, to be a match for one, Ld. 40; ef þér hefir eigi til þess hug eðr afl at h. til jafns við e-n húskarl Þorsteins, Eg. 714; h. til fullnaðar, to stand on one’s full rights; ef þær taka eigi fullrétti, eðr h. eigi til fullnaðar, Grág. ii. 109; h. fullara, to hold one above other men, Ó. H. (in a verse); lét konungr þá h. mjök til ( make great preparations) at syngja messu hátíðliga, Hkr. i. 287.3. to hold forth, put forward; at þeim inyiidi þungbýlt vera í nánd honum, ef þeir héldi nokkurn annan fyrir betra mann en hann, Ld. 26; síðan hélt konungr Erling fyrir tryggvan mann, Fms. ix. 399.β. to hold, deem, be of opinion; the old writers seem not to use the word exactly in this sense, but near to it come such phrases as, hón hélt engan hans jafningja innan hirðar hvárki í orðum né öðrum hlutum, i. e. she held him to be above all men, Ld. 60; halda menn hann fyrir konung, Fb. i. 216; still closer, halda menn at Oddný sé nú betr gipt, Bjarn. 12 (but only preserved in a paper MS.): this sense is very freq. in mod. usage, to hold, mean, eg held það; eg held ekki, I think not; (hence hald, opinion.)γ. phrases, halda mikit upp á e-n, to hold one in much esteem, love, Stj. 33; halda af e-m, id., Fas. i. 458, ii. 63, 200, iii. 520, esp. freq. in mod. usage, (upp-á-hald, af-hald, esteem.)4. to hold on, keep up; halda varnir, to keep up a defence, Sks. 583; halda vörð, to keep watch, Eg. 120, Grág. i. 32, 264; halda njósn, Eg. 72, 74, Fms. xi. 46; halda tal af e-m, to speak, communicate with one, ii. 88.5. to hold, be valid, be in force, a law term; á sú sekt öll at halda, Grág. i. 89; á þat at h. allt er þeir urðu á sáttir, 86; enda á þat at h. með þeim síðan, ii. 336.IV. to hold, compel, bind (with the notion of obligation or duty); heldr mik þá ekki til utan-ferðar, Nj. 112; þó heldr þik várkunn til at leita á, i. e. thou art excused, thou hast some excuse in trying, 21; var auðsætt hvat til hélt um sættir, Bjarn. 70; þik heldr eigi hér svá mart, at þú megir eigi vel bægja héraðs-vist þinni, Eb. 252; þar mælir þú þar, er þik heldr várkunn til at mæla, Nj. 227; ek mun vera vinr hans, ok alla þá, er at mínum orðum láta, halda til vináttu við hann, i. e. I will be his friend, and all those who lend ear to my words I will hold to friendship with him, Eg. 18.2. halda sik frá e-u, to keep oneself from, to refrain from a thing, Sks. 276 B; h. sik frá munaðlífi, Post. 656 A. ii. 16, Hom. 53, 135; h. sik aptr af e-u, to abstain from, Hkr. i. 512.V. absol. to be the cause of, be conducive to a thing; heldr þar margt til þess, there are many reasons for this, Nj. 192; vildim vér vita hvat til heldr, Fms. vii. 106; en hann vissi eigi hvat til hafði haldit, er hann kom eigi, xi. 11; margir hlutir héldu til þess, Eg. 38; þat hélt til þess, at …, Al. 94; hélt til þess ( conduced to it) góðgirnd hans, stórmennska ok vitsmunir, Fs. 29; hefir þat mjök til haldit, er ek hefi svá lengi dvalizt, at ek ætlaða, Ld. 32; hann lét bæði til h. vingan ok mágsemd, Fs. 24; heldr þat mest til at þá var komit útfall sjávar, Ld. 56; hélt þat mest til þess, at hann gafsk bezt í öllum mannraunum, 60; þat eitt hélt til, at þeir fóru eigi málum á hendr Þórði, at þeir höfðu eigi styrk til, 138.VI. to hold, comprise; sólar-öld heldr tuttugu ok átta ár, Rb. 510; h. skor (of weight), Grág. i. 500.☞ In some instances the use of dat. and acc. wavers, e. g. halda húsum, to keep up the houses, Grág. ii. 278, 335; h. hliði, to keep the gate in repair, 265; but halda hlið (acc.), 332: to keep, observe, h. lögum, griðum, boðorðum, Glúm. 333, Grág. i. 357, ii. 166, 623. 28; hélt hann þessu sumu, Fms. x. 416 (Ágrip); halda ílla orðum, vii. (in a verse); þeir er því þingi áttu at h., Glúm. 386; h. sáttum, St. 17; h. eiðum, Bkv. 18; Gizuri þótti biskup h. ríkt ( protect strongly) brennu-mönnum, Sturl. i. 201 C; Guð er sínum skepnum heldr (keeps, protects) ok geymir, Mar.; þá hélt engi kirkju mönnum, … kept no man safe, Fms. ix. 508; h. njósn (acc.) um e-t, Eg. 74; h. til njósn, 72; njósnir, Fms. xi. 46. In most of these instances the acc. is the correct case, and the dat. is due either to careless transcribers or incorrect speaking: in some instances an enclitic um has been taken for a dative inflexion, thus e. g. sáttum haldi in Stor. l. c. is to be restored to sátt um haldi; eiðum haldit in Bkv. l. c. to eið (for eiða) um haldit; in others the prep. um has caused the confusion, as ‘halda njósn um at’ has been changed into halda njósnum at. But in the main the distinction between the use of dat. and acc. is fixed even at the present time: the acc. seems to represent the more primitive usage of this verb, the dat. the secondary.C. REFLEX.:I. to hold oneself, to stay; héldusk þeir þá ekki fyrir norðan Stað, Fms. i. 63; mátti hann eigi þar haldask, Landn. 246; h. á baki, to keep oneself on horseback, keep one’s seat, Grág. ii. 95; munu þeir skamma stund hér við haldask, Nj. 247: to be kept, remain, þá skal hann h. með Helju, Edda 39: to resist, megu vér ekki við h. fyrir ofreflis-mönnum þessum, Nj. 254; hélzk þá ekki við honum, Eg. 289; mann er svá hefir haldisk við höfuð-syndum, Hom. 157.β. to hold out, last, continue; ok hélzk ferillinn, Eg. 579; hélzk undr þetta allt til dags, Nj. 272 (twice); hélzk konungdómr í kyni hans, Rb. 394; lengi síðan hélzk bruna-öld með Svíum, Yngl. S.; lengi hélzk þat í ætt þeirri, at …, Eg. 770; hélzk vinátta með þeim, Nj. 66; þat hefir enn haldizk í ætt hans, Fms. iv. 8; ok hefir þat haldizk ( it has continued to be so) síðan er ek hefi hann séð, Ld. 174; honum haldisk (imperat.) sigr ok langt líf, Ver. 57; betr þætti mér, at hún héldisk þér, that it (the luck) would hold out for thee, Fb. ii. 74; ef hann helzk í útrú sinni, if he perseveres in his untruth, 623. 26.γ. to be kept safe and sound; menn allir héldusk ( all bands were saved) ok svá fé, Ld. 8, Fs. 143; þar héldusk menn allir ok mestr hluti fjár, Eg. 405; hafði fé vel haldizk, has been well kept, done well, Ld. 34.δ. to be valid, stand; eigu þau handsöl hennar at haldask, Grág. i. 334; engi má haldask dómr hans, Edda 15; skyldu þau (the truce) haldask um þingit, Nj. 348.2. impers., mér helzk, e-m helzk vel, ílla, á e-u, to have a good hold, have luck with a thing; mér helzk lítt á sauða-mönnum, Grett. 110 A.3. recipr., haldask á, to hold or pull one against another, wrestle, (hence á-höld); var sagt Magnúsi, at þeir héldisk á úti, that they were fighting outside, Sturl. ii. 44.II. part. pass. haldinn, [Dan. holden], so ‘holden,’ in such and such a state; vel haldinn, in good condition, faring well, well to do, Eg. 20, 234; hugðusk þar ok haldnir ( safe) mundu vera, Ver. 34; þungliga h., very sick, Eg. 565, Hkr. ii. 199; vel haldinn, doing well; tak heldr annat fé, svá mikit, at þú þykisk vel haldinn af, i. e. fully satisfied, having got full redress, Boll. 350; Sveinn sagði, at hann vill hafa tvá hluti fjárins, Hrani sagðisk ekki af því haldinn ( satisfied) vera, Fms. iv. 31: in the phrase, heilu ok höldnu, safe and sound, Bs. i. 191, Fms. xi. 376, Hkr. i. 319; með höldnu hljóði, preserving the sound, Skálda 175.2. ok mun þykkja sér misboðit ef þú ert haldinn (kept, protected), Finnb. 344.β. kept, observed, Fms. xi. 99.γ. held in custody, in prison, Bs. i. 419, Sturl. i. 151.III. gerund., haldandi, holding good, valid; sá dómr er eigi haldandi, is not valid, K. Á. 304; af öllu afli er friðr haldandi, Hom. 5.2. part. act., með upp haldandi höndum, with uplifted hands, Bs. i. 684.
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