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1 κόμαρι
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2 στύφω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to astringe, to have an astringent effect, esp. of taste, to thicken, to obstruct, to treat with a corrosive' (Hp., Arist., hell. a. late).Dialectal forms: Myc. turupterija? (sc. γῆ)Derivatives: 1. στῦψις ( ἐπί-, ὑπό-) f. `astringence, thickening, corrosion' (Hp., Arist., Thphr. etc.). 2. στῦμμα ( στύμμα?) n. `astringent' (medic.). 3. στυπτηρία, Ion. - ίη, f. des. of contracting minerals. `alum (-stone), vitriol' (Hdt., Hp., Arist. etc.), also 'alum-monopoly' (pap.), with - ήριος `treated with alum' ( PHolm.), - ηριώδης `containing alum' (Hp., Arist. a.o.), - ηριακὸν δέρμα = aluta, - ηρίζουσα = aqua qua alumen lavatur (gloss.); also - ηρά `id.' ( PHolm.), prob. after the adj. in - ηρός, e.g. ταριχηρός (s. Mayser Pap. 1: 3, 96); cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 119. 4. στυπτικός `astringent' (Diocl. Fr., Hp., Thphr. a.o.). 5. στυφός `id.' (Vett. Val., Gp.), with - ότης f. `density' (Plu.), - ώδης `astringent, bitter' ( Cat. Cod. Astr.). 6. Prob. also στύφλος (s. v. s. στυφελίζω) and στυμνός (: στύμμα; cf. ἐρυμνός) adjunct of στυπτηρία ( PHolm.) = σκληρός, αὑστηρός (Hdn. Gr., H.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Without convincing explanation. The formal similarity with στύω (s. v.) is obvious (cf. θύω: τύ-φω). Also a semantic connection can be construed if one wants ('stiff, be solid, get more solid, draw together'), but does not become very convincing. (The same is true of the connection with στύππη, στύππεῖον (s. v.), which is Pre-Greek.) Cf. also στρυφνός. -- Further, partly deviating combinations in WP. 2, 620 and Pok. 1035.Page in Frisk: 2,815-816Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στύφω
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3 διείρω
Aδιέρσαι Hp.Art.11
, al., butδιεῖραι Id.Morb.2.5
; imper.δίειρον Aen.Tact.31.18
; part.διείρας Luc.Alex.26
, Ael.VH4.28: [tense] pf.διεῖρκα X.Cyr.8.3.10
: [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass.διῃρμένη Hp.Art.70
, butδιειρμένα PHolm.3.14
:— pass or draw through,ὑπάλειπτρον διὰ καυμάτων Hp.Art.11
; l.c.; l. c.;βελόνας Aeschin.3.166
; insert,παττάλους Thphr.CP2.14.4
;λίνον Aen.Tact.
l. c.;βελόνην διὰ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν PMag.Par.1.2949
: intr.,δάκτυλοι οἷον διείροντες Philostr.VA4.28
.II string together in order, weave a story, Philostr.VA8.12:—[voice] Pass., λόγος διειρόμενος, = εἰρόμενος, f.l. in D.H.Comp.26. -
4 κολλύριον
A pessary, Hp.Mul.1.51 (in form κολλούριον), Dsc.1.1; used as substitute for a probe, Cels.7.4.4; pellet, PHolm.1.16, PLeid.X.69.2 eye-salve, Apoc.3.18, IG14.966.16 (ii A.D.), PFlor.177.20 (iii A.D.); stamped with the physician's seal, CIL13.10021.64, al.: freq. in pl., Arr. Epict.2.21.20, 3.21.21, etc.; salve in general, POxy. 1088 (sg. and pl., i A.D.):—onκ. 1.1
and 1.2, Antyll. ap. Orib.10.23.1-19.II fine clay on which a seal can be impressed, Luc.Alex.21. (Freq. written κολλούριον, as Hp.l.c.(v.l.), PHolm., PLeid.X., PFlor.ll.cc.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κολλύριον
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5 στύφω
Aστύψαι Hsch.
:—[voice] Pass. (v.infr.):—contract, draw together, τὴν κοιλίην στύφεσθαι becomes costive, Hp.Aër.7;στῦψαι πλάδον Aret.CA1.1
; esp. of an astringent taste, χείλεα στυφθείς having his lips drawn up by the taste, AP9.375; δέρμα ἐστυμμένον, i.e. made watertight, Gal.12.846; mix with στυπτηρία, PMag.Leid.V.6.18; [tense] aor. 2 part. [voice] Pass. στυφέντα in this last sense, PHolm.24.13 ( στυφόεντα cj. Lagercrantz): metaph. of sounds, φωναὶ στύφουσαι τὴν ἀκοήν, opp. διαχέουσαι, D.H.Comp.15.2 in dyeing, treat fabrics, etc., with a mordant, Lysis ap.Iamb.VP17.76; στῦψον τῇ ἰσάτι prepare it by a preliminary dyeing with woad, PHolm.21.42; στύφει [ τὴν ἄγχουσαν] fixes alkanet, ib.15.18.3 intr. in [voice] Act., στύφει κατ' ὀλίγον τὸ οὖρον gradually diminishes, Hp.Int.14.II intr., to be astringent, Arist.Pr. 863b17, Philonid. ap. Ath.15.675e, Dsc.1.116,118, Sor. 1.81, Gal.6.68, Hices. ap. Ath.7.321a.2 metaph., to be harsh, austere, gloomy, Them.Or.27.339a, cf. Hsch. s.v. στύψαι. [ῡ, Nic.Al. 278, cf. 375 ([etym.] ἐν-) ; ῠ to be assumed in στυφέντα (s.v.l.).] -
6 χοῦς
χοῦς (A), ὁ, also ἡ Anaxandr.41.13 (anap.), Nic.Th. 103: ([etym.] χέω):— a measure of capacity, = 12 κοτύλαι: nom. sg.Aχοῦς Anaxandr.71
, Alex.15.19, Men.Her.Fr.5, IG11(2).219A40 (Delos, iii B. C.); gen. (cod. R and Suid., fort χοῶς), Tab.Heracl.2.36, 57, IG22.1013.55; χοῦ (in signf. 11) ib.1252.11, Ath.Mitt.30.146 ([place name] Mysia); dat.χοΐ Anaxandr.41.13
, D.Prooem.53, PFrankf.1.19, al. (iii B. C.) (also [dialect] Dor. Tab.Heracl.1.103); χῷ (in signf. 11) Ath.Mitt.30.145; acc.χοῦν Dsc.5.7
, Ael.NA16.12, IG22.1366.23, PHolm.16.10; written χον (in signf.11), SIG57.21 (Milet., v B. C.);χόα Choerob. in Theod.1.238H.
; nom. pl. , IG22.1672.200, Inscr.Délos 396 A 67 (iii B. C.), Gal.18(2).258; [var] contr.χοῦς AP5.182
(Posidipp.); gen. pl.χῶν IG12(5).593
A9 (Ceos, v B. C.), (Stiris, ii B. C.); acc.χοῦς Tab.Heracl.1.103
, PMich.Zen.94.4 (iii B. C.);χόας Hero
*Mens.19, *Geom.23.63, Aristid.1.18J., Lib.Or.11.126, Gp.8.20.1, al. ( χοας unaccented, SIG953.18 (Cnidus, ii B. C.)):—also nom. sg. [full] χοεύς Hp.Epid.7.10, IG11(2).219 A 8 (Delos, iii B. C.); gen. ( χοός ap. Suid.);χοέως Gal.12.932
, S.E.M.9.320; dat. χοέϊ orχοεῖ Hp.Salubr.5
, Morb.3.17 cod. θ, PHib.1.90.11 (iii B. C.), Choerob. in Theod. 1.238H.; acc. , Ach. 1202 (lyr.), Men.915 ([var] contr. fr. χοέα, as correctly expld. by Hdn.Gr.2.13 and Choerob. l.c.; found at end of a verse in Ar.Eq.95, 113, Ach. 1133, Eub.80.4, Men. l.c.);χοέα Hp.Morb.3.17
, Dsc.5.72, 73, Gp.2.6.42, Gal.12.931: nom. pl.χοεῖς IG11(2).237.3
(Delos, iii B. C.), Inscr.Délos 440 A 20, 62 (ii B. C.), Ostr.Bodl. i 343 (ii B. C.); writtenχοιεῖς PCair.Zen.160.3
(iii B. C.); acc.χοᾶς Ar.Ec.44
, Th. 746 (cod. R, cf. Suid.), Arist. HA 627b4; laterχοέας Ph.Bel.90.26
; (38), Dsc. 5.7, 63, 68, PHolm.16.11, 17; dat. ; χόεσι or χοέσι (perh. formed like δρομέσι ) Wilcken Chr.176.7 (i A. D.): the unaccented forms χοα, χοας, χοων, PCair.Zen.516.21, 16, 19 (iii B. C.), prob. belong to χοεύς: prov., of attempts to measure the immeasurable,οἱ τῆς θαλάττης λεγόμενοι χόες Pl.Tht. 173d
;ὡσπερανεί τις ἐξαριθμεῖσθαι βούλοιτο τοὺς χόας τῆς θαλάττης Aristid.
l.c.II = συμβολή iv, ἡ πόλις διδοῖ.. χο̄ν (v. supr.) (Milet., v B. C.);εἶναι αὐτοῖς ἀτέλειαν τοῦ χοῦ IG22.1252.11
; Argive acc. sg.χῶν Hegesand.31
.2 name of a society or club,ἄρξαντα χοῦ Ath.Mitt.30.146
([place name] Mysia); Διῒ Ὑψίστῳ καὶ τῷ ib.145 (ibid.).III Χόες, οἱ, the Pitcher-feast, a name given to the second day of the Anthesteria, Call.Aet.1.1.2; gen.Χοῶν Eubulid.1
, Timae.128; dat.τοῖς Χουσί Ar.Ach. 1211
, Ath.7.276c; acc. ;τοὺς Χοᾶς ἄγειν D.39.16
, cf. Phanod.13;τοὺς Χοῦς IG3.1342
.------------------------------------A soil excavated or heaped up,ὁ χ. ὁ ἐξορυχθείς Hdt.2.150
;τὸν αἰεὶ ἐξορυσσόμενον χοῦν Id.7.23
, cf. 1.185, 8.28, Pherecr.121 (anap.), Th. 2.76, 4.90, IG22.380.26, etc.: gen.χοῦ Arr.An.2.27.4
, POxy.1631.28 (iii A. D.) (un[var] contr.χόου IG9(1).691.6
([place name] Corcyra)); also (from confusion with χοῦς A) gen. χοός LXX.Ec.3.20, PTeb.342.27 (ii A. D.), PBremen14.13; dat.χοΐ IG12(3)
, 248.10 (Anaphe, ii B. C.), Hsch. -
7 ἄνθραξ
A charcoal, Sotad.Com.1.12: mostly in pl.ἄνθρακες Ar.Ach.34
, 332, Nu.97;ἄ. Παρνήθιοι Id.Ach. 348
;ὀπτωμέναις κόγχαισιν ἐπί τῶν ἀ. Id.Fr.68
;ἄνθρακας ἡμμένους Th.4.100
, etc.; their vapour produced stupor, Arist.Sens. 444b31: prov., ἄνθρακας κατεσθίειν, of a glutton, Euphro 10.14, cf. Ion Trag.29.2 coal,οἷς καὶ οἱ χαλκεῖς χρῶνται Thphr.Lap.16
, PHolm.2.33; ἐπὶ ἀνθράκων μαλακῶν on a slow fire, Xenocr.16.II a precious stone of dark-red colour, including the carbuncle, ruby, and garnet ([place name] Adams), Arist. Mete. 387b18, LXX Ex.28.18, Phylarch.41, etc.2 hence, carbuncle, malignant pustule (acc. to some, small-pox), Hp.Epid.3.7, Gal.7.719, al. -
8 ὑδράργυρος
ὑδράργῠρ-ος, ἡ,A quicksilver, artificially prepared from cinnabar-ore, Dsc.5.95, Hero Spir.1.38, PHolm.4.33, Syn.Alch.p.68 B.; τὰ δύο ὑ. quicksilver and metallic arsenic, Id.p.69 B.;τὸ ὑ. PHolm.2.28
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑδράργυρος
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9 καπνός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `smoke, steam' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. ka-pi-ni-ja.Compounds: Compp., e. g. καπνο-δόκη ` flue (of a chimney' (IA.), δύσ-καπνος ` with an unpleasant smoke' (A., Thphr.).Derivatives: Subst. 1. κάπνη (Com.), short form of καπνοδόκη; also = καπνιαῖος λίθος ( PHolm.; s. below); 2. καπνία for κάπνη (Moer. 292, Gloss.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 56); 3. καπνίας m. name a) of a wine, that got a special taste from smoke (Com.), b) a kind of jasper, = καπνίτης, from the colour (Dsc., Plin.), c) of the poet Ekphantides (Ar. V. 151; ` διὰ τὸ μηδεν λαμπρὸν γράφειν' H.). 4. καπνίτης m. name of a stone, from the colour (Alex. Trall.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 55), καπνῖτις f. plant name, `fumitory, Fumaria officinalis', from the smoke-coloured leaves (Ps.-Dsc.), also called κάπνιος and καπνός (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 27, Redard 72). - Adject. 5. κάπνε(ι)ος (sc. ἄμπελος) f. `vine with smoke-coloured grapes' (Arist., Thphr., pap.); 6. καπνώδης `smokey, smoke-coloured' (Arist., Thphr., Plb.); 7. καπνηλός ` smoke-like' (Nic. Th. 54); 8. καπνιαῖος λίθος ` smoke-coloured quarz' ( PHolm.). - Denomin. verbs. 1. καπνίζω, aor. καπνίσ(σ)αι, also with prefix, ἀπο-, περι-, ὑπο-, `smoke, make smoke, be smoke-coloured' (Il.) with κάπνισις `exposure to smoke' (Arist.), κάπνισμα ` incense' (AP), καπνιστήριον `steam-bath?' (Priene); 2. καπνόομαι `vanish into smoke' (Pi., E.); 3. καπνιάω `smoke a bee-hive' (A. R. 2, 131), after θυμιάω; 4. καπνείω `let vanish into smoke, burn' (Nic. Th. 36). - Beside καπνός there is an aorist ἀπὸ ( δε ψυχην) ἐκάπυσσεν `breathe forth' (Χ 467; κάπυσσεν Q. S. 6, 523), with the present καπύσσων ἐκπνέων H.; the supposed basis seems preserved in κάπυς πνεῦμα H. (also κάπος ψυχή, πνεῦμα). Uncertain is the gloss, given in the wrong place, καπυκτά πνέοντα H.; connected with καπύσσων?, cf ἀλύω (s.v.) with ἀλύσσω s. The stem with υ- also in καπυρός `dry etc.', s. v.; uncertain is κέκηφε τέθνηκε H., κεκαφηότα (Hom.), s. v.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: An original *κϜαπ-νός (see Schwyzer 302; and s. below), but note that Myc. does not have a w, agrees with Lith. kvãpas `breath, smell'; beside it with ē-vowel kvėpiù,kvẽpti `gasp, breathe', Latv. kvêpstu, kvêpt `smoke, smell'; καπνός a. cogn. then seem to go back on IE. ku̯ep-. An old question is whether Lat. vapor `vapour, smoke' with v- for expected qu- is cognate. On the other hand Russ. kópotь `fine soot, dust' etc. presents a u̯-less form, which cannot be explained from Slavic. Finally Germ., e. g. Goth. af- ƕapjan `suffocate, extinguish', af- ƕapnan `extinguish' show a root-final p for f (b). "Man hat somit in den verschiedenen Sprachen mit zahlreichen, nicht unerwarteten Entgleisungen zu rechnen. (Frisk)" - More forms in Pok. 596f.; cf. W.-Hofmann s. vapor, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kvẽpti, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. kópotь. S. also Bq. - Schrijver (Laryng. in Latin, 260f.) assumed a laryngeal for Latvian, and posited * kuh₂ep-, a rare type that is perhaps impossible; also it is uncertain that this gave *κϜαπ-. IE origin, then, is improbable. * kap- is unprobelematic for Pre-Greek; an u-stem ( κάπυς) is frequent in Pre-Greek (s. Heubeck, Praegraeca 31-39), as is a suffix n- after consonant (Beekes, Pre-Greek, Suffixes). The Baltic (and Slavic) forms, and Lat. vapor are unclear, and may come form a substr. language. (I do not assume * kʷap-, as this would give *κ(ϝ)οπ-, cf. ἄλοξ, καλαῦροψ.)Page in Frisk: 1,781-782Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καπνός
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10 κρύσταλλος
Grammatical information: m.Derivatives: κρυστάλλιον `id.' ( PHolm.), also plant-name = ψύλλιον (Dsc.; because of the cooling effect, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 83); κρυστάλλ-ινος `icy-cold' (Hp.), `of rock-crystall' (D. C.), - ώδης `icy, crystalclear' (Ptol., PHolm.); κρυσταλλ-όομαι `freeze' (Ph.), - ίζω `glow like crystal' (Apoc.); further κρυσταίνομαι `freeze' (Nic. Al. 314), prob. free analogical formation to κρύσταλλος after other cases of the interchange ν: λ (diff. Schwyzer 706; ?).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The word is sonnected (Chantraine Formation 247, Schwyzer 484) with Lat. crusta `bark, crust'. However, this is wrong as the Latin word has a quite different meaning: `the hard surface of a body, the rind, shell, crust, bark' which protects it' (Lewis and Short); so it has nothing to do with cold; it is used of flumen, indicating a covering or crust of ice, but this is an incidental use, a metaphor, not the central aspect of the meaning. The word, then, has nothing to do with words for `cold, ice'. (Its etymology with κρύος must therefore be given up; there is no other proposal.) - As Kuiper FS Kretschmer 1, 215 n. 16 remarked the word is Pre-Greek because of the suffix - αλλο- (all Greek words in - αλλο- are of Pre-Greek origin; there are no Greek words of IE origin with this suffix; it is not - αλ- with expressively geminated λ (as Chantraine often says) and not from κρύ-ος as then the formation cannot be explained. This is confirmed by the variant κρόστ-. The word means `ice' and was also used for rock-crystal, probably because this looks like (a piece of) ice, as it is transparant (in antiquity this was very remarkable). Pliny (37, 23) still thinks it is ice. We now know that rock-crystal is a mineral; it is quartz, a silicate (SiO₂). The semi-precious amethyst and agate are varieties. S. Beekes, FS Kortlandt.See also: s. κρύοςGreek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κρύσταλλος
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11 λευκός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `hell, clear, white' (Il.);Compounds: many compp., some with prefix, e. g. διά-, παρά-, ἐπί-, ὑπό-λευκος (Strömberg Prefix Studies 161).Derivatives: 1. Substantiv. with oppositive accent (Schwyzer 380 a. 420): λεύκη f. `white efflorescence' (IA.), `white poplar' (Att., hell.) with λεύκινος `of white poplar' (Arist., hell. inscr.), Λευκαῖος surn. of Zeus (Paus.), λευκαία (- έα) `white poplar etc.' (pap.); λεῦκος m. name of an unknown fish (Theoc.) with λευκίσκος m. `white mullet' (Hikes. ap. Ath., Gal.), s. Strömberg Fischnamen 22 f., Thompson Fishes s. vv. 2. f. λευκάς `white' (Nic.), as subst. rock- and islandname (ω 11), also plantname `Lamium' (Dsc.). 3. Further subst.: λευκότης f. `whiteness' (IA.), λευκίτας m. name of he-goat (Theoc. 5, 147; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 113), λεύκηθρον plantname (Dsc. 3, 96; v. l. λάκηθρον; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 147); Λεύκαρος (\< - αλος?), - αρίων PN (Epich., inscr.; Schulze Kl. Schr. 115 n. 3, v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1,65A.1; Leumann Glotta 32, 223 n. 2; also Δευκαλίων with diff. dissimilation?, s. Schulze l.c.); after Krahe IF 58, 132 Illyr. (beside GN Λευκάριστος), s. also Mayer Glotta 32, 82. - 4. Verbs: a. λευκαίνω `make white, colour...' (μ 172; cf. Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 219) with λεύκανσις (Arist.), λευκασία ( PHolm., Cyran.; on the formation Schwyzer 469) `bleaching, making white etc.'; also as rivern. in Messenia beside Λευκάσιον Arc. GN (Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 2, 237; 5, 106 a. 217); λευκαντής, - τικός `white-painter' resp. `-painting' (Gloss., sch.). b. λευκόομαι, - όω `become white, make λευκός ' (Pi., Att.) with λεύκωμα `table painted white' (Att.), `white speck in the eye' (Arist., pap.) with - ωματικός, - ωματώδης, - ωματίζομαι (medic., sch.); λεύκωσις = λευκασία ( PHolm. 3, 6 [cf. Lagercrantz ad loc.]), - ωτής (- ωτός?; Att. inscr., meaning unknown). c. λευκαθέω only ptc. gen. pl. λευκαθεόντων `gleaming white' (Hes. Sc. 146), metr. reshaping at verse-end for λευκαθόντων from λευκάθω (Wackernagel Glotta 14, 44 ff. = Kl. Schr. 2, 852 ff.), with Λευκαθέα, with secondary o-vowel Λευκοθέα (Od., Pi.) name of a goddess, with τὰ Λευκάθεα feast on Teos, - θεών monthname (Ion.); lengthened form λευκαθίζω `gleam white' (Hdt., LXX), also - ανθίζω (after ἄνθος; empire), s. Wackernagel l.c. - On λεύσσω `see' s. v.Etymology: As original verbal noun with Skt. rocá- `lighting' identical, to rócatē `light'. An old ablauting verbal noun is Lat. lūcus `wood, forest', prop. `lighting' (with Jūnō Lūcīna ; s. Leumann Sprache 6, 156ff.), Lith. laũkas `field', Germ., e. g. OHG lōh `overgrown lighting', Skt. loká- m. `free space, world', IE * louko-s m. To this great wordgroup belongs from Greek a. o. λεύσσω, λύχνος, λοῦσσον, s. vv.Page in Frisk: 2,108-109Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λευκός
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12 μαργαρίτης
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `pearl' (Thphr., Str., Ael., Arr., NT).Derivatives: f. - ῖτις ( λίθος) `id.' (Ath., Isid. Char.), dimin. - ιτάριον ( PHolm.). Besides, prob. as backformation (cf. below), μάργαρον `id.' ( Anacreont., PHolm.), - ος m. f. `id.' (Tz.), also `Indian pearlmussel' (Ael.), - ίς ( λίθος) `pearl' (Philostr.,Hld.), pl. - ίδες as name of a pearllike kind of date-palm (Plin.); - ίδης m. (Praxag.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Iran.Etymology: Oriental LW [loanword], acc. to Schiffer Rev. de phil. 63, 45ff. first from Iranian, MPers. marvārīt, NPers. marvā-rī δ `pearl'; details in Redard 56 f. Acc. to older view (s. Bq and Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 159) from Skt. mañjarī `flowering but' (ep. class.), `pearl' (lex.), with - ίτης added after the many stone-names. The by-form mañjara- n. would agree well with μάργαρον, but the late and rare ocurrence of both the Skt. and Greek form is no support for a direct identification. See now Gershevitch in De Fochécour-P. Gignoux, Etudes iranoaryennes G. Lazars, 1989, 113-136 (from Iran. *mr̥ga-ahri-ita- `born from the shell of a bird' = oyster). - From μαργαρίτης Lat. margarita etc., s. W.-Hofmann s. v.Page in Frisk: 2,174-175Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μαργαρίτης
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13 ἐκ
ἐκ, before vowels ἐξ, prep. w. gen. (Hom.+; s. lit. s.v. ἀνά and εἰς beg.)① marker denoting separation, from, out of, away fromⓐ w. the place or thing fr. which separation takes place. Hence esp. w. verbs of motion ἀναβαίνω, ἀναλύω, ἀνίστημι, ἐγείρομαι, εἰσέρχομαι, ἐκβάλλω, ἐκπορεύομαι, ἐξέρχομαι, ἔρχομαι, ἥκω, καταβαίνω, μεταβαίνω, ῥύομαι, συνάγω, φεύγω; s. these entries. καλεῖν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου Mt 2:15 (Hos 11:1); ἐκ σκότους 1 Pt 2:9. αἴρειν ἐκ τ. κόσμου J 17:15. ἐξαλείφειν ἐκ τῆς βίβλου Rv 3:5 (Ex 32:32f; Ps 68:29). ἀποκυλίειν τ. λίθον ἐκ τ. θύρας Mk 16:3; cp. J 20:1; Rv 6:14; σῴζειν ἐκ γῆς Αἰγ. Jd 5; διασῴζειν ἐκ τ. θαλάσσης Ac 28:4. παραγίνεσθαι ἐξ ὁδοῦ arrive on a journey (lit. from, i.e. interrupting a journey) Lk 11:6; fig. ἐπιστρέφειν ἐξ ὁδοῦ bring back fr. the way Js 5:20; cp. 2 Pt 2:21. ἐκ τῆς χειρός τινος (Hebraistically מִיַּד פּ׳, oft. LXX; s. B-D-F §217, 2; Rob. 649) from someone’s power ἐξέρχεσθαι J 10:39; ἁρπάζειν 10:28f (cp. Plut., Ages. 615 [34, 6] ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν τῶν Ἐπαμινώνδου τ. πόλιν ἐξαρπάσας; JosAs 12:8 ἅρπασόν με ἐκ χειρὸς τοῦ ἐχθροῦ); ἐξαιρεῖσθαι Ac 12:11 (cp. Aeschin. 3, 256 ἐκ τ. χειρῶν ἐξελέσθαι τῶν Φιλίππου; Sir 4:9; Bar 4:18, 21 al.); ῥύεσθαι Lk 1:74; cp. vs. 71 (Ps 105:10; Wsd 2:18; JosAs 12:10); εἰρυσταί σε κύριος ἐκ χειρὸς ἀνόμου AcPlCor 1:8 (cp. ἐκ τούτων ἄπαντων PsSol 13:4).—After πίνειν, of the object fr. which one drinks (X., Cyr. 5, 3, 3): ἐκ τ. ποτηρίου Mt 26:27; Mk 14:23; 1 Cor 11:28; cp. 10:4; J 4:12. Sim. φαγεῖν ἐκ τ. θυσιαστηρίου Hb 13:10.ⓑ w. a group or company fr. which separation or dissociation takes place (Hyperid. 6, 17 and Lucian, Cyn. 13 ἐξ ἀνθρώπων) ἐξολεθρεύειν ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ Ac 3:23 (Ex 30:33; Lev 23:29). συμβιβάζειν ἐκ τ. ὄχλου 19:33; ἐκλέγειν ἐκ τ. κόσμου J 15:19; cp. Mt 13:41, 47; Ac 1:24; 15:22; Ro 9:24. For ἐκ freq. ἐκ μέσου Mt 13:49; Ac 17:33; 23:10; 1 Cor 5:2; 2 Cor 6:17 (cp. Ex 31:14).—ἀνιστάναι τινὰ ἔκ τινων Ac 3:22 (Dt 18:15); ἐκ νεκρῶν 17:31. ἐγείρειν τινὰ ἐκ νεκρῶν J 12:1, 9, 17; Ac 3:15; 4:10; 13:30; Hb 11:19; AcPlCor 2:6; ἀνίστασθαι ἐκ νεκρῶν Ac 10:41; 17:3; ἀνάστασις ἐκ νεκρ. Lk 20:35; 1 Pt 1:3; cp. Ro 10:7. Also s. ἠρεμέω.ⓒ of situations and circumstances out of which someone is brought, from: ἐξαγοράζειν ἔκ τινος redeem fr. someth. Gal 3:13; also λυτροῦν (cp. Sir 51:2) 1 Pt 1:18; σῴζειν ἔκ τινος save fr. someth. J 12:27; Hb 5:7; Js 5:20 (Od. 4, 753; MLetronne, Recueil des Inscr. 1842/8, 190; 198 σωθεὶς ἐκ; SIG 1130, 1f; UPZ 60:6f [s. διασῴζω]; PVat A, 7 [168 B.C.]=Witkowski 36, 7 διασεσῶσθαι ἐκ μεγάλων κινδύνων; Sir 51:11; EpJer 49; JosAs 4:8 ἐκ τοῦ … λιμοῦ); ἐξαιρεῖσθαι Ac 7:10 (cp. Wsd 10:1; Sir 29:12). τηρεῖν ἔκ τινος keep from someth. Rv 3:10; μεταβαίνειν ἔκ τινος εἴς τι J 5:24; 1J 3:14; μετανοεῖν ἔκ τινος repent and turn away fr. someth. Rv 2:21f; 9:20f; 16:11. ἀναπαύεσθαι ἐκ τ. κόπων rest fr. one’s labors 14:13. ἐγείρεσθαι ἐξ ὕπνου wake fr. sleep (Epict. 2, 20, 15; Sir 22:9; cp. ParJer 5:2 οὐκ ἐξυπνίσθη ἐκ τοῦ ὕπνου αὐτοῦ) Ro 13:11. ζωὴ ἐκ νεκρῶν 11:15. ζῶντες ἐκ νεκρῶν people who have risen fr. death to life 6:13 (cp. Soph., Oed. R. 454; X., An. 7, 7, 28; Demosth. 18, 131 ἐλεύθερος ἐκ δούλου καὶ πλούσιος ἐκ πτωχοῦ γεγονώς; Palaeph. 3, 2). S. ἀνάστασις 2b.ⓓ of pers. and things with whom a connection is severed or is to remain severed: τηρεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ keep them fr. the evil one J 17:15; cp. Ac 15:29. Pregnant constr.: ἀνανήφειν ἐκ τῆς τοῦ διαβόλου παγίδος 2 Ti 2:26. νικᾶν ἔκ τινος free oneself from … by victory Rv 15:2 (for possible Latinism s. reff. to Livy and Velleius Paterculus in OLD s.v. ‘victoria’; but s. also RCharles, ICC Rv II, 33). ἐλεύθερος ἐκ 1 Cor 9:19 (cp. Eur., Herc. Fur. 1010 ἐλευθεροῦντες ἐκ δρασμῶν πόδα ‘freeing our feet from flight’ [=we recovered from our flight]). καθαρός εἰμι ἐγὼ ἐξ αὐτῆς I practiced abstinence with her GJs 15:4.② marker denoting the direction fr. which someth. comes, from καταβαίνειν ἐκ τοῦ ὄρους (Il. 13, 17; X., An. 7, 4, 12; Ex 19:14; 32:1 al.; JosAs 4:1 ἐκ τοῦ ὑπερῴου) Mt 17:9. θρὶξ ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς ὑμῶν οὐ μὴ ἀπόληται Lk 21:18. ἐκπίπτειν ἐκ τ. χειρῶν Ac 12:7. διδάσκειν ἐκ τοῦ πλοίου Lk 5:3. ἐκ τῆς βάτου χρηματισμοῦ διδομένου 1 Cl 17:5 (cp. Just., A I, 62:3). ἐκ τῆς πρύμνης ῥίψαντες τὰς ἀγκύρας Ac 27:29. κρέμασθαι ἔκ τινος (Hom. et al.; 1 Macc 1:61; 2 Macc 6:10; Jos., Ant. 14, 107) 28:4. ἐκ ῥιζῶν to (lit. from) its roots (Job 28:9; 31:12) Mk 11:20; B 12:9.—Since the Greek feeling concerning the relation betw. things in this case differed fr. ours, ἐκ could answer the question ‘where?’ (cp. Soph., Phil. 20; Synes., Ep. 131 p. 267a ἐκ τῆς ἑτέρας μερίδος=on the other side; BGU 975, 11; 15 [45 A.D.]; PGM 36, 239; LXX; JosAs 16:12 εἱστήκει … ἐξ εὐωνύμων; 22:7) ἐκ δεξιῶν at (on) the right (δεξιός 1b) Mt 20:21, 23; 22:44 (Ps 109:1); 25:33; Lk 1:11; Ac 2:25 (Ps 15:8), 34 (Ps 109:1); 7:55f; B 11:10. ἐξ ἐναντίας opposite Mk 15:39 (Hdt. 8, 6, 2; Thu. 4, 33, 1; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 461, 6; Sir 37:9; Wsd 4:20 al.); ὁ ἐξ ἐναντίας the opponent (Sext. Emp., Adv. Phys. 1, 66 [=Adv. Math. 9, 66]; 2, 69 [=Adv. Math. 10, 69], Adv. Eth. 1, 25; Bias in Diog. L. 1, 84) Tit 2:8.—ἐκ τοῦ κατωτάτου ᾅδου … προσευχομένου Ἰωνᾶ AcPlCor 2:30.③ marker denoting origin, cause, motive, reason, from, ofⓐ in expr. which have to do w. begetting and birth from, of, by: ἐκ introduces the role of the male (Ps.-Callisth. 1, 9 ἐκ θεοῦ ἔστι; JosAs 21:8 συνέλαβεν Ἀσενὲθ ἐκ τοῦ Ἰωσήφ; Tat. 33, 3 συλλαμβάνουσιν ἐκ φθορέως; Ath. 22, 4 ἐκ τοῦ Κρόνου; SIG 1163, 3; 1169, 63; OGI 383, 3; 5 [I B.C.]) ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχειν ἔκ τινος Mt 1:18. κοίτην ἔχειν ἔκ τινος Ro 9:10; also of the female (SIG 1160, 3; PEleph 1, 9 [311/10 B.C.] τεκνοποιεῖσθαι ἐξ ἄλλης γυναικός; PFay 28, 9 γεννᾶσθαι ἐκ; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 14 Jac.; Jos., Ant. 1, 191; Ath. 20, 3 ἐξ ἧς παῖς Διόνυσος αὐτῷ) γεννᾶν τινα ἐκ beget someone by (a woman; s. γεννάω 1a) Mt 1:3, 5, etc. ἐκ Μαρίας ἐγεννῄθη AcPlCor 1:14; 2:5; γίνεσθαι ἐκ γυναικός (Jos., Ant. 11, 152; Ar. 9, 7) Gal 4:4; cp. vs. 22f.—γεννᾶσθαι ἐξ αἱμάτων κτλ. J 1:13; ἐκ τ. σαρκός 3:6; ἐκ πορνείας 8:41. ἐγείρειν τινὶ τέκνα ἐκ Mt 3:9; Lk 3:8. (τὶς) ἐκ καρποῦ τ. ὀσφύος αὐτοῦ Ac 2:30 (Ps 131:11). γεννᾶσθαι ἐκ τ. θεοῦ J 1:13; 1J 3:9; 4:7; 5:1, 4, 18 (Just., A I, 22, 2); ἐκ τ. πνεύματος J 3:6 (opp. ἐκ τ. σαρκός). εἶναι ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ (Menand., Sam. 602 S. [257 Kö.]) J 8:47; 1J 4:4, 6; 5:19; opp. εἶναι ἐκ τ. διαβόλου J 8:44; 1J 3:8 (cp. OGI 90, 10 of Ptolemaeus Epiphanes ὑπάρχων θεὸς ἐκ θεοῦ κ. θεᾶς).ⓑ to denote origin as to family, race, city, people, district, etc.: ἐκ Ναζαρέτ J 1:46. ἐκ πόλεως vs. 44. ἐξ οἴκου Lk 1:27; 2:4. ἐκ γένους (Jos., Ant. 11, 136) Phil 3:5; Ac 4:6. ἐκ φυλῆς (Jos., Ant. 6, 45; 49; PTebt I, 26, 15) Lk 2:36; Ac 13:21; 15:23; Ro 11:1. Ἑβρ. ἐξ Ἑβραίων a Hebrew, the son of Hebrews Phil 3:5 (Goodsp., Probs., 175f; on the connotation of ancestral ἀρετή Phil 3:5 cp. New Docs VII 233, no. 10, 5). ἐκ σπέρματός τινος J 7:42; Ro 1:3; 11:1. ἐξ ἐθνῶν Ac 15:23; cp. Gal 2:15. Cp. Lk 23:7; Ac 23:34. ἐκ τ. γῆς J 3:31. For this ἐκ τῶν κάτω J 8:23 (opp. ἐκ τ. ἄνω). ἐκ (τούτου) τ. κόσμου 15:19ab; 17:14; 1J 2:16; 4:5. ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἢ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων Mt 21:25; Mk 11:30.—To express a part of the whole, subst.: οἱ ἐξ Ἰσραήλ the Israelites Ro 9:6. οἱ ἐξ ἐριθείας selfish, factious people 2:8. οἱ ἐκ νόμου partisans of the law 4:14; cp. vs. 16. οἱ ἐκ πίστεως those who have faith Gal 3:7, 9; cp. the sg. Ro 3:26; 4:16. οἱ ἐκ περιτομῆς the circumcision party Ac 11:2; Ro 4:12; Gal 2:12. οἱ ἐκ τῆς περιτομῆς Tit 1:10. For this οἱ ὄντες ἐκ περιτομῆς Col 4:11. οἱ ἐκ τ. συναγωγῆς members of the synagogue Ac 6:9. οἱ ἐκ τῶν Ἀριστοβούλου Ro 16:10f. οἱ ἐκ τῆς Καίσαρος οἰκίας Phil 4:22 (s. Καῖσαρ and οἰκία 3). In these cases the idea of belonging, the partisan use, often completely overshadows that of origin; cp. Dg 6:3.ⓒ to denote derivation (Maximus Tyr. 13, 3f φῶς ἐκ πυρός; Ath. 18:3 γένεσιν … ἐξ ὕδατος) καπνὸς ἐκ τ. δόξης τ. θεοῦ Rv 15:8 (cp. EpJer 20 καπνὸς ἐκ τ. οἰκίας). ἡ σωτηρία ἐκ τ. Ἰουδαίων ἐστίν J 4:22. εἶναι ἔκ τινος come, derive from someone or someth. (Jos., Ant. 7, 209) Mt 5:37; J 7:17, 22; 1J 2:16, 21; εἶναι is oft. to be supplied Ro 2:29; 11:36; 1 Cor 8:6 ( Plut., Mor. 1001c); 11:12; 2 Cor 4:7; Gal 5:8. ἔργα ἐκ τοῦ πατρός J 10:32. οἰκοδομὴ ἐκ θεοῦ 2 Cor 5:1; χάρισμα 1 Cor 7:7; δικαιοσύνη Phil 3:9. φωνὴ ἐκ τ. στόματος αὐτοῦ Ac 22:14. Here belongs the constr. w. ἐκ for the subj. gen., as in ἡ ἐξ ὑμῶν (v.l.) ἀγάπη 2 Cor 8:7; ὁ ἐξ ὑμῶν ζῆλος 9:2 v.l.; Rv 2:9 (cp. Vett. Val. 51, 16; CIG II 3459, 11 τῇ ἐξ ἑαυτῆς κοσμιότητι; pap. [Rossberg 14f]; 1 Macc 11:33 χάριν τῆς ἐξ αὐτῶν εὐνοίας; 2 Macc 6:26). ἐγένετο ζήτησις ἐκ τ. μαθητῶν Ἰωάννου there arose a discussion on the part of John’s disciples J 3:25 (Dionys. Hal. 8, 89, 4 ζήτησις πολλὴ ἐκ πάντων ἐγένετο; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 24 §91 σφαγή τις ἐκ τῶν στρατιωτῶν ἐγένετο).ⓓ of the effective cause by, because of (cp. the ‘perfectivizing’ force of ἐκ and other prepositions in compounds, e.g. Mt 4:7; Mk 9:15. B-D-F §318, 5)α. personal in nature, referring to originator (X., An. 1, 1, 6; Diod S 19, 1, 4 [saying of Solon]; Arrian, Anab. 3, 1, 2; 4, 13, 6 of an inspired woman κατεχομένη ἐκ τοῦ θείου; Achilles Tat. 5, 27, 2; SibOr 3, 395; Just.: A I, 12, 5 ἐκ δαιμόνων φαύλων … καὶ ταῦτα … ἐνεργεῖσθαι, also D. 18, 3; Nicetas Eugen. 7, 85 H. ἐκ θεῶν σεσωσμένη; Ps.-Clem., Hom. p. 7, 19 Lag. τὸν ἐκ θεοῦ σοι ἀποδιδόμενον μισθόν): ὠφελεῖσθαι ἔκ τινος Mt 15:5; Mk 7:11. ζημιοῦσθαι 2 Cor 7:9. λυπεῖσθαι 2:2. εὐχαριστεῖσθαι 1:11. ἀδικεῖσθαι Rv 2:11. ἐξ ἐμαυτοῦ οὐκ ἐλάλησα J 12:49 (cp. Soph., El. 344 οὐδὲν ἐξ σαυτῆς λέγεις).β. impersonal in nature (Arrian, Anab. 3, 21, 10 ἀποθνῄσκειν ἐκ τ. τραυμάτων; 6, 25, 4; JosAs 29:8 ἐκ τοῦ τραύματος τοῦ λίθου; POxy 486, 32 τὰ ἐμὰ ἐκ τ. ἀναβάσεως τ. Νίλου ἀπολωλέναι): ἀποθανεῖν ἐκ τ. ὑδάτων Rv 8:11. πυροῦσθαι 3:18. σκοτοῦσθαι 9:2. φωτίζεσθαι 18:1. κεκοπιακὼς ἐκ τῆς ὁδοιπορίας J 4:6 (Aelian, VH 3, 23 ἐκ τοῦ πότου ἐκάθευδεν). ἔκαμον ἐκ τῆς ὁδοῦ GJs 15:1.ⓔ of the reason which is a presupposition for someth.: by reason of, as a result of, because of (X., An. 2, 5, 5; Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 42 §185 ἐκ προδοσίας; POxy 486, 28f ἐκ τῆς ἐπιστολῆς; Just., A I, 68, 3 ἐξ ἐπιστολῆς; numerous examples in Mayser II/2 p. 388; Philo, De Jos. 184 ἐκ διαβολῆς; Jos., Vi. 430; JosAs 11 παραλελυμένη … ἐκ τῆς πολλῆς ταπεινώσεως; Ar. 8, 6 ἐκ τούτων … τῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων τῆς πλάνης; Just., A I, 4, 1 ἐκ τοῦ … ὀνόματος; also inf.: 33, 2 ἵνα … ἐκ τοῦ προειρῆσθαι πιστευθῇ 68, 3 al.): δικαιοῦσθαι ἔκ τινος Ro 4:2; Gal 2:16; 3:24; cp. Ro 3:20, 30 (cp. εἴ τις ἐκ γένους [δίκαι]ος=has the right of citizenship by descent [i.e. has the law on his side]: letter of MAurelius 34, ZPE 8, ’71, 170); οὐκ … ἡ ζωὴ αὐτοῦ ἐστιν ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων αὐτῷ he does not live because of his possessions Lk 12:15. ἐκ ταύτης τ. ἐργασίας Ac 19:25. ἐξ ἔργων λαβεῖν τὸ πνεῦμα Gal 3:2, 5; cp. Ro 11:6. ἐξ ἀναστάσεως λαβεῖν τ. νεκρούς Hb 11:35. ἐσταυρώθη ἐξ ἀσθενείας 2 Cor 13:4. τὸ ἐξ ὑμῶν as far as it depends on you Ro 12:18.—ἐκ τοῦ πόνου in anguish Rv 16:10; cp. vs. 11; 8:13.—ἐκ τούτου for this reason, therefore (SIG 1168, 47; 1169, 18; 44; 62f; BGU 423, 17=Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 480, 17) J 6:66; 19:12.ⓕ Sim. ἐκ can introduce the means which one uses for a definite purpose, with, by means of (Polyaenus 3, 9, 62 ἐξ ἱμάντος=by means of a thong) ἐκ τοῦ μαμωνᾶ Lk 16:9 (X., An. 6, 4, 9; PTebt 5, 80 [118 B.C.] ἐκ τ. ἱερῶν προσόδων; ParJer 1:7 [of Jerusalem] ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν σου ἀφανισθήτω; Jos., Vi. 142 ἐκ τ. χρημάτων); cp. 8:3.ⓖ of the source, fr. which someth. flows or comes:α. λαλεῖν ἐκ τ. ἰδίων J 8:44. ἐκ τοῦ περισσεύματος τ. καρδίας Mt 12:34. τὰ ἐκ τ. ἱεροῦ the food from the temple 1 Cor 9:13. ἐκ τ. εὐαγγελίου ζῆν get one’s living by proclaiming the gospel vs. 14.β. information, insight, etc. (X., An. 7, 7, 43 ἐκ τῶν ἔργων κατέμαθες; Just., A I, 28, 1 ἐκ τῶν ἡμετέρων συγγραμμάτων … μαθεῖν 34, 2 al.) κατηχεῖσθαι ἐκ Ro 2:18. ἀκούειν ἐκ J 12:34. γινώσκειν Mt 12:33; Lk 6:44; 1J 3:24; 4:6. ἐποπτεύειν 1 Pt 2:12. δεικνύναι Js 2:18 (cp. ἀποδεικνύναι Just., D. 33, 1).γ. of the inner life, etc., fr. which someth. proceeds (since Il. 9, 486): ἐκ καρδίας Ro 6:17; 1 Pt 1:22 v.l. (cp. Theocr. 29, 4; M. Ant. 3, 3). ἐκ ψυχῆς Eph 6:6; Col 3:23 (X., An. 7, 7, 43, Oec. 10, 4; Jos., Ant. 17, 177; 1 Macc 8:27). ἐκ καθαρᾶς καρδίας 1 Ti 1:5; 2 Ti 2:22; 1 Pt 1:22. ἐξ ὅλης τ. καρδίας σου καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τ. ψυχῆς σου καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τ. διανοίας σου καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τ. ἰσχύος σου Mk 12:30; cp. Lk 10:27 (Dt 6:5; cp. Wsd 8:21; 4 Macc 7:18; Epict. 2, 23, 42 ἐξ ὅλης ψυχῆς). ἐκ πίστεως Ro 14:23; cp. 2 Cor 2:17. Also of circumstances which accompany an action without necessarily being the source of it: γράφειν ἐκ πολλῆς θλίψεως write out of great affliction 2 Cor 2:4; Phil 1:17.ⓗ of the material out of which someth. is made (Hdt. 1, 194; Pla., Rep. 10, 616c; OGI 194, 28 [42 B.C.] a statue ἐκ σκληροῦ λίθου; PMagd 42, 5 [221 B.C.]=PEnteux 83, 5; POxy 707, 28; PGM 13, 659; Wsd 15:8; 1 Macc 10:11; Jdth 1:2; En 99:13; JosAs 3:9; Just., A I, 59, 1) of, from στέφανος ἐξ ἀκανθῶν Mt 27:29; J 19:2; cp. 2:15; 9:6; Ro 9:21; 1 Cor 15:47; Rv 18:12; 21:21; perh. also 1 Cor 11:12 ἡ γυνὴ ἐκ τοῦ ἀνδρός.ⓘ of the underlying rule or principle according to, in accordance with (Hdt., Pla. et al. [Kühner-G. I 461g], also OGI 48, 12 [III B.C.] ἐκ τ. νόμων; PEleph 1, 12 [312/11 B.C.] ἐκ δίκης; PPetr III, 26, 9 ἐκ κρίσεως; LXX, e.g. 1 Macc 8:30; Jos., Ant. 6, 296 ἐκ κυνικῆς ἀσκήσεως πεποιημένος τὸν βίον) ἐκ τ. λόγων Mt 12:37 (cp. Wsd 2:20). ἐκ τ. στόματός σου κρινῶ σε by what you have said Lk 19:22 (cp. Sus 61 Theod.; also X., Cyr. 2, 2, 21 ἐκ τ. ἔργων κρίνεσθαι). ἐκ τῶν γεγραμμένων on the basis of things written Rv 20:12. ἐκ τ. καλοῦντος Ro 9:12. ἐκ τ. ἔχειν in accordance w. your ability 2 Cor 8:11. ἐξ ἰσότητος on the basis of equality vs. 13.④ marker used in periphrasis, from, ofⓐ for the partitive gen. (B-D-F §164, 1 and 2; 169; Rob. 599; 1379).α. after words denoting number εἷς, μία, ἕν (Hdt. 2, 46, 2 ἐκ τούτων εἷς; POxy 117, 14ff [II/III A.D.] δύο … ἐξ ὧν … ἓν ἐξ αὐτῶν; Tob 12:15 BA; Sir 32:1; Jos., Bell. 7, 47; JosAs 20:2 ἐκ τῶν παρθένων μία Just., D. 126, 4) Mt 10:29; 18:12; 22:35; 27:48; Mk 9:17 al.; εἷς τις J 11:49; δύο Mk 16:12; Lk 24:13; J 1:35; 21:2. πέντε Mt 25:2. πολλοί (1 Macc 5:26; 9:69) J 6:60, 66; 7:31; 11:19, 45. οἱ πλείονες 1 Cor 15:6. οὐδείς (Epict. 1, 29, 37; 1 Macc 5:54; 4 Macc 14:4; Ar. 13, 6; Just., D. 16, 2) J 7:19; 16:5. χιλιάδες ἐκ πάσης φυλῆς Rv 7:4.β. after the indef. pron. (Plut., Galba 1065 [27, 2]; Herodian 5, 3, 9; 3 Macc 2:30; Jos., Vi. 279) Lk 11:15; J 6:64; 7:25, 44, 48; 9:16; 11:37, 46 al. Also after the interrog. pron. Mt 6:27; 21:31; Lk 11:5; 12:25; 14:28 al.γ. the partitive w. ἐκ as subj. (2 Km 11:17) εἶπαν ἐκ τ. μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ J 16:17.—Rv 11:9. As obj., pl. Mt 23:34; Lk 11:49; 21:16; 2J 4 (cp. Sir 33:12; Jdth 7:18; 10:17 al.).δ. used w. εἶναι belong to someone or someth. (Jos., Ant. 12, 399) καὶ σὺ ἐξ αὐτῶν εἶ you also belong to them Mt 26:73; cp. Mk 14:69f; Lk 22:58; J 7:50; 10:26; Ac 21:8; cp. 2 Cl 18:1. οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐκ τ. σώματος I do not belong to the body 1 Cor 12:15f; cp. 2 Cl 14:1.ε. after verbs of supplying, receiving, consuming: ἐσθίειν ἔκ τινος (Tob 1:10; Sir 11:19; Jdth 12:2; JosAs 16:8) 1 Cor 9:7; 11:28; J 6:26, 50f; Rv 2:7. πίνειν Mt 26:29; Mk 14:25; J 4:13f; Rv 14:10; χορτάζειν ἔκ τινος gorge w. someth. 19:21 (s. ζ below); μετέχειν 1 Cor 10:17; λαμβάνειν (1 Esdr 6:31; Wsd 15:8) J 1:16; Rv 18:4; Hs 9, 24, 4. τὸ βρέφος … ἔλαβε μασθὸν ἐκ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ the child took its mother’s breast GJs 19:2; διδόναι (Tob 4:16; Ezk 16:17) Mt 25:8; 1J 4:13. διαδιδόναι (Tob 4:16 A) J 6:11.ζ. after verbs of filling: ἐπληρώθη ἐκ τῆς ὀσμῆς was filled w. the fragrance J 12:3 cp. Rv 8:5. χορτασθῆναι ἔκ τινος to be satisfied to the full w. someth. Lk 15:16. γέμειν ἐξ ἁρπαγῆς be full of greed Mt 23:25.ⓑ in periphrasis for the gen. of price or value for (Palaeph. 45; PFay 111, 16 [95/96 A.D.]; 119, 5 [c. 100 A.D.]; 131, 5; PLond II, 277, 9 p. 217 [23 A.D.]; BGU III, 916, 19 [I A.D.]; PAmh II, 133, 19 [II A.D.]; Jos., Ant. 14, 34; B-D-F §179) ἀγοράζειν τι ἔκ τινος Mt 27:7 (POxy 745, 2 [c. 1 A.D.] τ. οἶνον ἠγόρασας ἐκ δραχμῶν ἕξ; EpJer 24); cp. Ac 1:18; Mt 20:2.⑤ marker denoting temporal sequence, fromⓐ of the time when someth. begins from, from … on, for, etc. ἐκ κοιλίας μητρός from birth (Ps 21:11; 70:6; Is 49:1) Mt 19:12 al.; also ἐκ γενετῆς J 9:1 (since Il. 24, 535; Od. 18, 6; s. also γενετή). ἐκ νεότητος (since Il. 14, 86; Ps 70:5; Sir 7:23; Wsd 8:2; 1 Macc 2:66; JosAs 17:4) Mk 10:20; Lk 18:21. ἐξ ἱκανῶν χρόνων for a long time 23:8. ἐκ πολλῶν χρόνων a long time before 1 Cl 42:5 (cp. Epict. 2, 16, 17 ἐκ πολλοῦ χρόνου. Cp. ἐκ πολλοῦ Thu. 1, 68, 3; 2, 88, 2; ἐξ ὀλίγων ἡμερῶν Lysias, Epitaph. 1). ἐκ γενεῶν ἀρχαίων Ac 15:21 (cp. X., Hell. 6, 1, 4 ἐκ πάντων προγόνων). ἐκ τ. αἰῶνος since the world began J 9:32 (cp. ἐξ αἰῶνος Sext. Emp., Adv. Math. 9, 76; Diod S 4, 83, 3; Aelian, VH 6, 13; 12, 64; OGI 669, 61; Sir 1:4; 1 Esdr 2:17, 21; Jos., Bell. 5, 442). ἐξ ἐτῶν ὀκτώ for eight years Ac 9:33; cp. 24:10. ἐξ ἀρχῆς (PTebt 40, 20 [117 B.C.]; Sir 15:14; 39:32; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 225; Ath. 8, 1) J 6:64. ἐκ παιδιόθεν fr. childhood Mk 9:21 (s. παιδιόθεν. Just., A I, 15, 6 ἐκ παίδων. On the use of ἐκ w. an adv. cp. ἐκ τότε POxy 486 [II A.D.]; ἐκ πρωίθεν 1 Macc 10:80).ⓑ of temporal sequenceα. ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας day after day 2 Pt 2:8; 2 Cl 11:2 (cp. Ps.-Eur., Rhes. 445; Henioch. Com. 5:13 K.; Theocr. 18, 35; Gen 39:10; Num 30:15; Sir 5:7; Esth 3:7; En 98:8; 103:10).β. ἐκ δευτέρου for the second time, again, s. δεύτερος 2. ἐκ τρίτου Mt 26:44 (ParJer 7:8; cp. PHolm 1, 32 ἐκ τετάρτου).⑥ various uses and unitsⓐ blending of constructions, cp. Rob. 599f: ἐκ for ἐν (Hdt., Thu. et al., s. Kühner-G. I 546f; LXX, e.g. Sus 26 Theod.; 1 Macc 11:41; 13:21; Jdth 15:5) ὁ πατὴρ ὁ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ δώσει Lk 11:13. μὴ καταβάτω ἆραι τὰ ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας αὐτοῦ Mt 24:17. τὴν ἐκ Λαοδικείας (ἐπιστολὴν) ἵνα καὶ ὑμεῖς ἀναγνῶτε Col 4:16.ⓑ like the OT use of מִן: ἔκρινεν ὁ θεὸς τὸ κρίμα ὑμῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς God has pronounced judgment for you against her Rv 18:20 (cp. Ps 118:84; Is 1:24; En 100:4; 104:3). ἐξεδίκησεν τὸ αἷμα τ. δούλων αὐτοῦ ἐκ χειρὸς αὐτῆς 19:2, cp. 6:10 (both 4 Km 9:7).ⓒ adv. expressions (Just., A I, 2, 1 ἐκ παντὸς τρόπου ‘in every way’): ἐξ ἀνάγκης (ἀνάγκη 1). ἐκ συμφώνου by mutual consent (BGU 446, 13=Mitt-Wilck. II/2, 257, 13; CPR I, 11, 14 al. in pap; cp. Dssm., NB 82f [BS 225]) 1 Cor 7:5. ἐκ λύπης reluctantly 2 Cor 9:7. ἐκ περισσοῦ extremely (Dio Chrys. 14 [31], 64; Lucian, Pro Merc. Cond. 13; Da 3:22 Theod.; Galen, CMG V/10/2/2 p. 284, 17 [-ττ]) Mk 6:51; 1 Th 5:13 v.l.; ἐκ μέτρου by measure = sparingly J 3:34. ἐκ μέρους (Galen, CMG V/10/2/2 p. 83, 24) part by part = as far as the parts are concerned, individually 1 Cor 12:27 (distributive; cp. PHolm 1, 7 ἐκ δραχμῶν Ϛ´=6 dr. each); mostly in contrast to ‘complete’, only in part 13:9 (BGU 538, 35; 574, 10; 887, 6; 17 al. in pap; EpArist 102). ἐξ ὀνόματος individually, personally, by name IEph 20:2; IPol 4:2; 8:2.ⓓ ἐκ … εἰς w. the same word repeated gives it special emphasis (Plut., Galba 1058 [14, 2] ἐκ προδοσίας εἰς προδοσίαν; Ps 83:8) ἐκ πίστεως εἰς πίστιν Ro 1:17.—2 Cor 2:16 (twice).—The result and goal are thus indicated Ro 11:36; 1 Cor 8:6; Col 1:16. AFridrichsen, ConNeot 12, ’48, 54.—DELG s.v. ἐξ. M-M. -
14 αἷμα
A blood, Il. 1.303, etc.;φόνος αἵματος 16.162
;ψυχῆς ἄκρατον αἷμα S.El. 786
: in pl., streams of blood, A.Ag. 1293, S.Ant. 121, E.El. 1172, Alc. 496.2 of anything like blood,Βακχίου Tim. Fr.7
;αἷ. σταφυλῆς LXXSi.39.26
, cf. App.Anth.3.166 (Procl.).3 with collat. meaning of spirit, courage, pale, spiritlessAeschin.
3.160;τοὺς αἷμα φάσκοντας τὴν ψυχήν Arist.de An. 405b4
.II bloodshcd, murder, A.Ch. 520, S.OT 101; ὅμαιμον αἷ. a kinsman's murder, A.Supp. 449; εἴργασται μητρῷον αἷ. E.Or. 285, cf. 406; αἶ. πράττειν ib. 1139;αἷμα συγγενὲς κτείνας S.Fr.799.3
; αἷμα τραγοκτόνον shedding of goat's blood, E.Ba. 139; ἐφ' αἵματι φεύγειν to avoid trial for murder by going into exile, SIG58 (Milet., V B.C.), D.21.105;αἷμα συγγενὲς φεύγων E.Supp. 148
: pl. in this sense, A.Ch.66, 650, freq. in E., never in S.; αἵματασύγγονα brothers' corpses, E.Ph. 1502:—concrete, νεακόνητον αἷ. keen-edged death, i. e. a sword, S.El. 1394 (expl. by μάχαιρα, Hsch.).III blood relationship, kin,αἷ. τε καὶ γένος Od.8.583
;αἵματός εἰς ἀγαθοῖο 4.611
;οΐ σῆς ἐξ αἵματός εἰσι γενέθλης Il.19.111
; τὸ αἷ. τινος his blood or origin, Pi.N.11.34; αἷ. ἐμφύλιον incestuous kinship, S.OT 1406;τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος Id.Aj. 1305
, cf. Arist.Pol. 1262a11; μητρὸς τῆς ἐμῆς ἐν αἵματι akin to her by blood, A.Eu. 606, cf. Th. 141;ἀφ' αἵματος ὑμετέρου S.OC 245
.2 concrete, of a person,ὦ Διὸς.. αἷμα IG14.1003.1
, cf. 1389 ii4, etc. -
15 βαθύς
Aβαθύς Call.Del.37
, Eratosth. 8; gen. βαθέος, βαθείας [dialect] Ion. βαθέης: dat. βαθέϊ, βαθείῃ [dialect] Ion. βαθέῃ: [comp] Comp. βαθύτερος, poet. βαθίων [ῑ [dialect] Att., [pron. full] ῐ Theoc.5.43], [dialect] Dor. βάσσων (q. v.): [comp] Sup. βαθύτατος, poet. βάθιστος:— deep or high, acc. to one's position, Hom., etc.; βαθέης ἐξάλλεται αὐλῆς a court within a high fence, Il.5.142, cf. Od.9.239; ἠϊόνος προπάροιθε βαθείης the deep, i.e. wide, shore, Il.2.92;τάφρος 7.341
, al.; ; κύλικες Id. Aj. 1200 (lyr.); βαθὺ πτῶμα a fall from a high rock, A.Supp. 796; πλευρὰ βαθυτάτη (vulg. βαρυτάτη), of an athlete, Ar.V. 1193; of a line of battle,βαθύτεραι φάλαγγες X.Lac.11.6
, cf. HG2.4.34; β. τομή, πληγή, a deep cut, Plu.2.131a, Luc.Nigr.35.2 deep or thick in substance, of a mist,ἠέρα βαθεῖαν Il.21.7
, cf. Od.9.144; of sand,ἀμάθοιο βαθείης Il.5.587
;ἐπὶ θῖνα βαθύν Theoc.22.32
; of ploughed land,νειοῖο βαθείης Il.10.353
; β. γῆ, opp. to stony ground, E.Andr. 637, Thphr.CP1.18.1; of luxuriant growth, deep, thick, of woods, etc.,βαθείης τάρφεσιν ὕλης Il.5.555
;βαθείης ἐκ ξυλόχοιο 11.415
;βαθὺ λήϊον 2.147
, Thgn.107;τοῦ ληΐου τὸ.. βαθύτατον Hdt.5.92
.ζ; λειμών A.Pr. 652
;σῖτος X.HG3.2.17
; (lyr.); χαίτη, τρίχες, πώγων, Semon.7.66, X.Cyn.4.8, Luc.Pisc.41.b deep, of colour, PHolm.21.9: [comp] Comp., Ael.VH6.6, Lyd.Mag.2.13,πορφύριον -ύτερον PLond.3.899.4
(ii A. D.).3 of quality, strong, violent,βαθείῃ λαίλαπι Il.11.306
.b generally, copious, abundant,β. κλᾶρος Pi.O.13.62
; β. ἀνήρ a rich man, X.Oec.11.10;β. οἶκος Call. Cer. 113
;β. πλοῦτος Ael.VH3.18
, Jul.Or.2.82b; β. χρέος deep debt, Pi.O.10(11).8;στεφάνων β. τέρψις S.Aj. 1200
(lyr.);β. κλέος Pi.O. 7.53
;κίνδυνος Id.P.4.207
; β. ὕπνος deep sleep, Theoc.8.65, AP7.170, cf. Luc.DMar.2.3;εἰρήνη Id.Tox.36
;σιωπή App.Mith.99
, BC4.109 ([comp] Sup.).4 of the mind, ἄχος ὀξὺ κατὰ φρένα τύψε β. in the depths of his soul, Il.19.125; but also, profound,φρήν Pi.N.4.8
; ;μέριμνα Pi.O.2.60
; ;μουσικὴ πρᾶγμ' ἐστὶ β. Eup.336
; βαθύτερα ἤθη more sedate natures, Pl.Lg. 930a (but, more recondite, i.e. civilized, manners, Hdt.4.95): of persons, deep, wise,β. τῇ φύσει στρατηγός Posidipp. 27.4
;ταῖς ψυχαῖς Plb.6.24.9
; also, deep, crafty, Men.1001;ἦθος Ph. 2.468
.5 of time, β. ὄρθρος dim twilight, Ar.V. 216, Pl.Cri. 43a, etc.; β. νύξ a late hour in the night, Luc.Asin.34;περὶ ἑσπέραν β. Plu.2.179e
, cf. Paus.4.18.3;βαθὺ τῆς ἡλικίας Ar.Nu. 514
; β. γῆρας cj. in AP7.163 (Leon.), cf. Eun.VSp.457 B., al.;β. ὥρα ἔτους Charito 1.7
.II Adv.- έως Theoc.8.66
; profoundly, Procl.in Prm.p.475 S.: [comp] Sup.βαθύτατα, γηρῶν Ael.VH2.36
. (bṇqu/s, cf. βένθος.) -
16 βήρυλλος
βήρυλλος, ἡ,Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > βήρυλλος
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17 βησσίον
βησσίον, τό,Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > βησσίον
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18 βλέπησις
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > βλέπησις
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19 βούλλα
βούλλα, ἡ,A tin, PHolm.2.4, PLeid.X.6. -
20 βύνη
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