ἐβίωσα

βιόω

live: aor ind act 1st sg

βιόω

live: aor ind act 1st sg

βῐόω,

A

βιοῖ Arist.HA 558a20

;

βιοῦσι Democr.200

, Arist.HA 576b2;

βιοῦν E.Fr. 238

, etc.; part.

βιοῦντες Arist.HA 566b24

; subj.

βιῶσι Emp.15.2

: [tense] impf.

ἐβίουν Hp.Epid.5.48

: [tense] fut.

βιώσομαι E.Alc. 784

, Ar.Eq. 699, Pl.R. 344e, Men.Pk. 399; later

βιώσω Id.Mon. 270

, App.BC4.119: [tense] aor. 1

ἐβίωσα Hdt.1.163

, Pl.Phd. 113d, X.Oec.4.18, Arist.HA 585a21; but in earlier writers [tense] aor. 2 is more used,

ὀβίων Isoc.9.71

, Is.3.1 codd.; [ per.] 3sg. imper.

βιώτω Il.8.429

; subj.

βιῶ Pl.Lg. 872c

; opt.

βιῴην Id.Ti. 89c

, v.l. for βιοίη in Id.Grg. 512c; inf.

βιῶναι Il.10.174

, Aeschin.3.174, etc.; part.

βιούς Hdt.9.10

, Th.2.53, al.: [tense] pf.

βεβίωκα Isoc.15.27

and 28, Pl.Phd. 113d, etc.:—[voice] Med.,

βιόομαι Hdt.2.177

, Arist.EN 1180a17: for [tense] aor. [voice] Med. v. βιώσκομαι:— [voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

βιωθήσομαι M.Ant.9.30

: [tense] pf. βεβίωμαι (v. infr.).—In early writers [tense] pres. and [tense] impf. are mostly supplied by ζάω: Hom. has only [tense] aor. 2:—live, pass one's life (opp. ζάω, live, exist),

βέλτερον ἢ ἀπολέσθαι ἕνα χρόνον ἠὲ βιῶναι Il.15.511

, cf. 10.174;

ἄλλος μὲν ἀποφθίσθω, ἄλλος δὲ βιώτω 8.429

;

βίον βιοῦν Pl.La. 188a

, etc.; β. παρανόμως, μετρίως, ἐνδόξως, D.22.24, Lys.16.3, Plu.2.145f: with neut. Pron., ἀπ' αὐτῶν ὧ αὐτὸς βεβίωκεν ἄρξομαι .. from the very actions of his own life, D.18.130:—[voice] Pass., τὰ σοὶ κἀμοὶ βεβιωμένα the actions of our life, ib.265, cf. Isoc.15.7, Lys.16.1; τὰ πεπραγμένα καὶ βεβ. D.22.53;

τοιούτων ὄντων ἃ τῷ βδελυρῷ τούτῳ.. βεβίωται Id.21.151

;

ἐπιτηδευμάτων οἷα τούτῳ βεβίωται Id.22.78

; ὅ γε βεβιωμένος [βίος] Id.19.200; impers., βεβίωταί [μοι] I have lived, Lat. vixi, Cic.Att.12.2.2, 14.21.3: —[voice] Med. in act. sense, Hdt.2.177, Arist.EN 1180a17.

2 survive,

ἐβίω καυθείς Hp.Epid.5.16

.— βιόμεσθα (as if from βίομαι ) is found h.Ap. 528 and [ per.] 3pl. βίονται Orac. ap. Phleg.Mir.2, cf. βέομαι.

ἄμᾰχ-ος, ον,

A without battle: hence,

I with whom no one fights, unconquerable, of persons, Hdt.5.3, A.Pers. 856 (lyr.), Ar.Lys. 253, 1014 (lyr.);

χεῖρες Pi.I.6(5).41

;

δύναμις Pl.Mx. 240d

, Isoc.5.139: c.inf.,

πολύποδες.. πᾶν ὅτι οὖν φαγεῖν ἄ. Ael.VH1.1

, etc.: of places, impregnable, Hdt.1.84: of things, irresistible,

κακόν Pi.P.2.76

;

κῦμα θαλάσσης A.Pers.90

: of feelings,

ἄλγος Id.Ag. 733

;

φθόνος E.Rh. 456

; ἄ. πρᾶγμα, of a woman whose beauty is irresistible, X.Cyr.6.1.36;

ἄ. φιλοφροσύνη Plu.2.667d

;

ἄ. κάλλος Aristaenet.1.24

;

ἄ. τρυφή Ael.NA16.23

:—ἄμαχόν [ἐστι] c. inf., like ἀμήχανον, 'tis impossible to do.., Pi.O.13.13. Adv.

- ως

irresistibly,

Luc.Merc. Cond.3

; incontestably, S.E.M.8.266.

II [voice] Act., not having fought, taking no part in the battle, X.Cyr.4.1.16; ἄ. διάγειν to remain without fighting, Id.HG4.4.9: ἄμαχον, τό, non-combatants, Ael. Tact.2.2, cf. D.C.53.12;

ἄ. νίκη

gained without fighting,

Eun.VS p.472

B.

2 disinclined to fight, not contentious, <*>Ep. Ti.3.3, Ep.Tit.3.2, cf. Inscr.Cos 325;

ἄ. ἐβίωσα

Epigr Gr.

387.6

(Apamea Cibotus).

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `live' (Il.).

Other forms: ἐβίων, βιῶναι; βείομαι ( βέομαι) (Il.) fut. = subj. (cf. ἔδομαι); βιώσομαι, ἐβίωσα (Hdt.) Med. fact. (θ 468), βεβίωκα. βιόμεσθα (h. Ap. 528 for *βειομεθα? DELG); pres. βιόω (Arist.).

Derivatives: βίος `(way of, means of) life'. βιοτή f. `id.' (Od.), βίοτος m. `id.' (Il.); also Cret. βίετος (below). - βιωτός `worth living' (Att.). βιώσιμος `to be lived' (Hdt.) - With δ from *g^u, Heracl. ἐνδεδιωκότα, if = ἐμβεβιωκότα, cf. Schwyzer 300. In PN Βιο-; Βίτων \< Βιο-.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [467] * gʷeih₃ - `live'

Etymology: The root ended in a laryngeal, the zero grade * gʷiH- is seen in Av. ǰī-ti-, OCS ži-tь, also in Lat. vīta, Osc. bíitam (acc.); with suffix - uo- it is seen in Skt. jīvá-, OCS živъ Lat. vīvus, etc. `alive' and in Lat. vīvō, Skt. jī́vati, OCS živǫ. (The forms with short i, Goth. qiwa-, Welsh byw, may be due to the following stress (Schrijver Larrr. Lat. 355, 526). - Greek does not have forms with long i, as all its forms have a vowel after the root: * gʷiH-o- \> βίος, * gʷih₃-eto- \> βίοτος (with the suffix agreeing with the meaning; Cret. βίετος will have - ετος restored; cf. for the formation θάνατος); ὑγιής \< *h₁su-gʷih₃-ēs (the vocalism analogically restored). The aorist ἐβίων has been reconstructed as containing the aor.-suffix -ē- (as in ἐμάνην): * gʷih₃-eh₁-. - The full grade I * gʷeih₃- must be assumed for βέ(ί)ομαι (Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 452); it is also seen in Skt. gáya-, Av. gaya- `life' (*gʷe\/oih₃-o-); also ORuss. gojь `peace'. - The full grade II * gʷieH- is seen in Av. ǰyā-tu- `life' (Skt. * jyā-tu- reshaped, after jívati, in jīvā́tu-); from this root form prob. Gr. ζωϜός (not from the zero grade of the root). This root form seems also found in Gr. ζώ-ω, ζῆ-ν, s. s. ζώω (so Schwebeablaut cannot be avoided (pace Anttila, PIE Schwebeablaut 1969, 137). Difficult are Arm. kea-m `I live' (see LIV) and Toch. B śāw-.

ἄμαχος, ον act. (as X. et al.; Jos., Ant. 15, 115) peaceable (so Kaibel 387, 6 ἄ. ἐβίωσα μετὰ φίλων; IKosPH 325, 9. The adv. ἀμάχως Sir 19:6 v.l.) of Christians gener. Tit 3:2; of congregational overseers 1 Ti 3:3.—M-M. TW.