νίκαστρον

νίκαστρον· νικητήριον, Phot.; [full] νίκεστρον, Hsch.

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `victory, upper hand', in a battle, in a contest, before court etc. (Il.), personif. Νίκη `the Goddess of Victory' (Hes.).

Other forms: Dor. νίκα.

Compounds: Compp., e.g. νικη-φόρος (Dor. -ᾱ-) `carry away victory' (Pi., A.), νικό-βουλος `who wins in the council' (Ar. Eq. 615; hidden PN, connected with νικάω), φιλό-νικος `loving victory, emulating, pugnaceous' with - ία, - έω (Pi., Democr., Att.), often written with - ει- and associated with νεῖκος; Όλυμπιο-νίκης, Dor. - ας m. `Olympia-victor' (Pi., IA.; on the stemformation Schwyzer 451); many PN, e.g. Νικό-δημος, Ίππό-νικος.

Derivatives: 1. From Νίκη: νικάς, - άδος f., νικ-άδιον, - ίδιον `(small) Nike-statue' (inscr.); 2. Adj. νικαῖος `belonging to victory' (Call., J.), νικάεις `rich in victory\/ies' (AP); to νικη-τήριος, - τικός below. -- Besides, prob. as denomin., νικάω, Ion. νικέω, Aeol. νίκημι, aor. νικῆσαι, pass. νικ-ηθῆναι, fut. - ήσω (all Il.), perf. νενίκηκα (Att.), rarely with prefixes, e.g. ἐκ-, κατα-, προ-, `vanquish, overcome, conquer'; on the ep. use of νίκη, νικάω Trümpy Fachausdrücke 192 ff. From νικάω: 1. νικάτωρ, - ορος m. `victor', surn. of the kings Seleukos and Demetrios of Syria (hell. inscr.) with νικατόρειον `tomb of Νικάτωρ' (App.), also PN with the patron. Νικατορίδας (Rhodos; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 163 A. 1), νικήτωρ `id.' (D. C.). -- 2. νικατήρ, - ῆρος m. `victor' (Dreros III--II^a), νικητής m. `id.' (III--IV<sup>p</sup>). -- 3. νίκημα (Dor. -ᾱ-) n. `prize of victory, victory' (hell., Crete). -- 4. νίκαθρον n. `offer(ing) for victory' (Sparta), νίκαστρον n. `prize of victory' (Phot., H.); on the formation Chantraine Form. 373 und 333 f. --5. νικητήριος, n. - ον `belonging to victory, prize of v.' (Att.) and νικητικός `what helps for victory' (X., hell.), both also connected to νίκη.

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]

Etymology: An innovation for νίκη is νῖκος n. (hell.), after κάτος (Fraenkel Glotta 4, 39ff., Wackernagel Unt. 81 f.). --Unclear νικάριον n. name of an eyesalve (Alex. Trall.); Anatolian? cf. Neumann Heth. u. luw. Sprachgut 100; cf. on νεκταρ. There is no convincing etymology. After Brugmann RhM 43, 403 a. Osthoff MU 4, 223 f. to Skt. nīca- `directed downwards', OCS nicь `directed forward, on the face', Latv. nīcām `down the stream' etc. Rejected by J. Schmidt Pluralbild. 395 n. 1 (S. 396), who prefers connecting Lith. ap-nìkti `attack'; νίκη would be cognate with νεῖκος (s.v. with further forms); IE nēik-, nī̆k-?. Pre-Greek origin Sittig La nouvelle Clio (Brusssels) 3 (1951), 33; not in Fur.

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