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1 κρυώδης
κρυώδηςicy: masc /fem acc pl (attic epic doric)κρυώδηςicy: masc /fem nom /voc pl (doric aeolic)κρυώδηςicy: masc /fem nom sg -
2 κρυωδης
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3 κρυώδης
κρῠώδης, ες,A icy, chill, Plu.2.653a, Poll.5.109.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κρυώδης
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4 κρυώδης
κρυ-ώδης, ες, frostartig, eisig -
5 κρυωδέστερον
κρυώδηςicy: adverbial compκρυώδηςicy: masc acc comp sgκρυώδηςicy: neut nom /voc /acc comp sg -
6 κρυώδη
κρυώδηςicy: neut nom /voc /acc pl (attic epic doric)κρυώδηςicy: masc /fem /neut nom /voc /acc dual (doric aeolic)κρυώδηςicy: masc /fem acc sg (attic epic doric) -
7 κρυώδεις
κρυώδηςicy: masc /fem acc plκρυώδηςicy: masc /fem nom /voc pl (attic epic) -
8 κρυώδους
κρυώδηςicy: masc /fem /neut gen sg (attic epic doric) -
9 κρυώδες
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10 κρυῶδες
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11 κρύος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `icy cold, frost' (Hes. Op. 494, A. in lyr., Arist., Jul.).Derivatives: κρυόεις `horrible, lugubrious' (Il., Hes., Pi.), `icy-cold' (A. R., AP, Orph.) with analogical - ο- (cf. also Debrunner Άντίδωρον 28); s. also ὀκρυόεις; κρυώδης `id.' (Plu., Poll.); further perh. κρυερός `horrible, lugubrious' (Hom., Hes., Ar. in lyr.), `icy-cold' (Simon., Ar. in lyr.); cf. below. - Beside κρύος there are as independent formations: 1. κρῡμός m. `icy cold, frost, horror' (Ion., trag., hell.) with κρυμώδης `icy-cold' (Hp., Ph., AP), κρυμαλέος `id.' (S. E.; Debrunner IF 23, 22, Chantraine Formation 254), κρυμ-αίνω `make cold' (Hdn.), - ώσσω `be rigid from cold' (Theognost.). -- 2. κρύσταλλος s.v.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The wordgroup has cognates in diff. languages. On κρύσταλλος, which is Pre-Greek, s.v. The word is sonnected (Chantraine Formation 247, Schwyzer 484) with Lat. crusta `bark, crust'. However, this is wrong as the Latin word has a quite different meaning: `the hard surface of a body, the rind, shell, crust, bark' which protects it' (Lewis and Short); so it has nothing to do with cold; it is used of flumen, indicating a covering or crust of ice, but this is an incidental use, a metaphor, not the central aspect of the meaning. The word, then, has nothing to do with words for `cold, ice'. (Its etymology with κρύος must therefore be given up; there is no other proposal.) Further one connects Toch. B krost, A kuraś etc. `cold' (Duchesne-Guillemin BSL 41, 155 f.), but the -o- is difficult. One assumed for crusta the zero grade of an s-stem (so this is now wrong or irrelevant); beside it one proposed a full grade of the suffix in IE. *kruu̯-es- (?), Gr. κρύ-ος and in Latv. kruv-es-is `frozen mud'. Now *kruu̯-es- is not an admitted IE formation. It may have been * kruh₁-es-. [Not, with Frisk, to the word for `blood' Lat. cruōr \< * kreuh₂-ōs, Gr. κρέ(Ϝ)ας \< *kreu̯h₂-s-, s. v.] - With κρῡμός agrees Av. xrū-ma- `horrible'; but this word is analysed as * kruh₂-mo- and connected with the group of `blood' (above). One compared κρύος: κρῦμός with θύος: θῡμός, but the implication is not clear. The often assumed basic forms *κρύσ-ος, *κρυσ-μός are improbable (Frisk; does Chantraine accept this?) - κρυερός reminds of Skt. krūrá-, Av. xrūra- `wounded, raw, bloody, horrible', which points to * kruH-ro- (and Lat. crūdus `raw', if from * crūrus). κρυερός may have been rebuilt after the adj. in - ερός, but it can as well be an independent derivation from κρύος; cf. Bloch Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 23 n. 22. It might continue * kruh₁-er- (reconstructed above). Chantraine rejects the connection with `blood', as it would not fit semantically (but I think it fits very well) or formally. - A verbal * kreus- appears in Germanic, e.g. OWNo. *hrjósa, pret. hraus `shiver' with the zero grade verbal noun OHG hroso, -a `ice, crust'. On OIc. hrjósa see De Vries Wb., who denies that it has to do with cold or ice. - [Kluge22 s.v. Kruste derives it from `verkrustetes Blut', which must be wrong, s. above.].Page in Frisk: 2,28-29Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κρύος
См. также в других словарях:
κρυώδης — icy masc/fem acc pl (attic epic doric) κρυώδης icy masc/fem nom/voc pl (doric aeolic) κρυώδης icy masc/fem nom sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κρυώδης — ες (Α κρυώδης) κρύος, ψυχρός, παγερός, παγετώδης αρχ. (κατά τον Ησύχ.) αυτός που προκαλεί φρίκη, φρικώδης, αποτρόπαιος. [ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < κρύος (II) + κατάλ. ώδης] … Dictionary of Greek
κρυωδέστερον — κρυώδης icy adverbial comp κρυώδης icy masc acc comp sg κρυώδης icy neut nom/voc/acc comp sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κρυώδη — κρυώδης icy neut nom/voc/acc pl (attic epic doric) κρυώδης icy masc/fem/neut nom/voc/acc dual (doric aeolic) κρυώδης icy masc/fem acc sg (attic epic doric) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κρυῶδες — κρυώδης icy masc/fem voc sg κρυώδης icy neut nom/voc/acc sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κρυώδεις — κρυώδης icy masc/fem acc pl κρυώδης icy masc/fem nom/voc pl (attic epic) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κρυώδους — κρυώδης icy masc/fem/neut gen sg (attic epic doric) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
κρύος — (I) α, ο και κρύγιος ια, ιο (AM κρύος, α, ον, Μ και κρύγιος, ια, ιο) νεοελλ. μσν. 1. αυτός που έχει χαμηλή θερμοκρασία, ψυχρός (α. «τα πόδια μου είναι συνεχώς κρύα» β. «ο καφές είναι κρύος») 2. αυτός που υστερεί σε ζωηρότητα ή εγκαρδιότητα ή… … Dictionary of Greek
