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21 Λυκαονία
Λυκαονία, ας, ἡ (X. et al.; ins) Lycaonia, a province in the interior of Asia Minor, bounded by Cappadocia, Galatia (s. Γαλατία), Phrygia, Pisidia and Cilicia. Its main cities were those visited by Paul: Lystra, Iconium, and Derbe. Ac 14:6.—Ramsay, Histor. Comm. on Gal 1899, 19ff.; Pauly-W. XIII 2253ff; Kl. Pauly III 807f; BHHW II 1115f; Haenchen ad loc. -
22 λύχνος
λύχνος, ου, ὁ (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX, TestSol, TestAbr, TestJob; TestSim 8:4; ParJer 9:14 [Christ.]; Just., D. 10, 1) lamp (of metal or clay [Artem. 2, 9 p. 96, 20f λύχνος χαλκοῦς, ὀστράκινος].—Oil-burning: Posidonius: 87 Fgm. 94 Jac.; Diod S 1, 34, 11; Chariton 1, 1, 15; PGM 7, 359–64. S. λυχνία.—λυχνία beside λύχνος: Artem. 1, 74 p. 67, 12; IKos 36d, 7; 8; TestAbr B p. 109, 19 [Stone p. 66]; TestJob 32:9; Philo, Spec. Leg. 1, 296 καίεσθαι λύχνους ἐπὶ τῆς λυχνίας; Jos., Bell. 7, 429, Ant. 3, 182; 199)ⓐ lit. Lk 11:36; GPt 5:18. φῶς λύχνου (Chariton 1, 1, 15; M. Ant. 12, 15) light of a lamp Rv 22:5; cp. 18:23; ἔρχεται ὁ λ. a lamp is brought in Mk 4:21; καίειν λ. Mt 5:15 (Paus. 3, 17, 8 τὸν καιόμενον λύχνον). λ. ἅπτειν light a lamp (ἅπτω 1.—As a symbol of someth. out of place Paroem. Gr.: Diogenian 6, 27 λ. ἐν μεσημβρίᾳ ἅπτειν. Likew. an unknown comic poet: Fgm. 721 K.) Lk 8:16; 11:33; 15:8. φαί̣ν̣[ων] οὐ λύχνῳ illumined without a lamp AcPl Ha 3, 28f.—Use of the lamp as a symbol: ἔστωσαν ὑμῶν … οἱ λύχνοι καιόμενοι Lk 12:35 (Artem. 2, 9 λ. καιόμενος); cp. D 16:1. The Baptist as ὁ λύχνος ὁ καιόμενος κ. φαίνων J 5:35 (of Christ ὁ ἄσβεστος λ. ParJer 9:14). The believers are to pay attention to the prophetic word ὡς λύχνῳ φαίνοντι 2 Pt 1:19 (cp. Ps 118:105 λύχνος … ὁ λόγος σοῦ).ⓑ as metaph. (Lycophron vs. 422 λύχνοι are the eyes as vs. 846 λαμπτήρ an eye) ὁ λ. τοῦ σώματός ἐστιν ὁ ὀφθαλμός the lamp of the body is the eye Mt 6:22; Lk 11:34 (FSchwencke, ZWT 55, 1913, 251–60; WBrandt, ZNW 14, 1913, 97–116; 177–201; BBacon, Exp. 8th ser., 7, 1913, 275–88; JDerrett, Law in the NT, ’70, 189–207; GSchneider, Das Bildwort von der Lampe etc., ZNW 61, ’70, 183–209.—Further lit. s.v. ἁπλοῦς). Of the Spirit of God λ. ἐρευνῶν τὰ ταμιεῖα τῆς γαστρός 1 Cl 21:2 (Pr 20:27 A). Of the heavenly Jerusalem ὁ λ. αὐτῆς τὸ ἀρνίον Rv 21:23.—KGalling, D. Beleuchtungsgeräte im isr.-jüd. Kulturgebiet: ZDPV 46, 1923, 1–50; RSmith, BA 27, ’64, 1–31, 101–24; 29, ’66, 2–27.—B. 484; Pauly-W. XIII 1566ff; Kl. Pauly III 478ff. OEANE III 326–30. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
23 μείωσις
μείωσις, εως, ἡ (s. μειόω; Hippocr. et al.; Polyb. 9, 43, 5; Sext. Emp., Math. 9, 400; Vett. Val. index; PMich XIII, 659, 227 [VI A.D.] taxes; Philo) lessening, diminution τῆς σαρκός mutilation of the flesh Dg 4:4.—DELG s.v. μείων. New Docs 2, 78. -
24 Μόλοχ
Μόλοχ, ὁ (Am 5:26 [Swete] and TestSol 26:2, 4f; s. Λάμεχ and s. W-S. §6, 8b; other edd. Μολόχ—מֶלֶךְ, w. the vowels of בּשֶׁת) indecl. Moloch, the Canaanite-Phoenician god of sky and sun (Baudissin, RE XIII 269ff) Ac 7:43 in a quot. fr. Am 5:26, where the LXX renders the words סִכּוּת מַלְכְּכֶם by τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ Μολόχ (סֻכַּת מֶלֶךְ).—OEissfeldt, Molk als Opferbegriff im Punischen u. Hebr. u. d. Ende des Gottes Moloch ’35 (on this WvSoden, TLZ 61, ’36, 45f). -
25 Ναζαρά
Ναζαρά, ἡ (Mt 4:13; Lk 4:16), Ναζαρέτ, Ναζαρέθ; in vv.ll. also Ναζαράτ, Ναζαράθ indecl. Nazareth. Also as neut. pl. AcPl BMM verso 38f [ἐν Να]ζαροῖς/AcPl Ha 8, 30 [ἐν Ν]αζαρά. On the var. forms of the name s. JZenner, ZKT 18, 1894, 744–47; Dalman, Gramm.2 152; FBurkitt, The Syriac Forms of NT Proper Names 1912, 16; 28f, JTS 14, 1913, 475f; Zahn on Mt 2:23; B-D-F §39, 2; W-S. §5, 27e and p. xvi on §5 note 58; Mlt-H. 107f. Ναζαρέτ (also Just., D. 78, 4) and Ναζαρέθ seem to have the best attestation.—Home of Jesus’ parents; the place is not mentioned in the OT, Talmud, Midrash, or Joseph., but plays a significant role in Christian tradition: Mt 2:23; 4:13; 21:11; Mk 1:9; Lk 1:26; 2:4, 39, 51; 4:16 (BViolet, Z. recht. Verst. der Naz.-Perikope Lk 4:16–30: ZNW 37, ’39, 251–71); J 1:45f; Ac 10:38; AcPl Ha 8, 30/BMM verso 38f.—On N. see HGuthe, RE XIII 1903, 676ff, Palästina2 1927, 149ff; Dalman, Orte3 61–88; GSchumacher, D. jetzige Naz.: ZDPV 13, 1890, 235ff; PViaud, Naz. et ses deux églises 1910; MBrückner, Naz. die Heimat Jesu: PJ 7, 1911, 74–84; TSoiron, D. Ev. u. die. hl. Stätten 1929, 17–37; PWinter, ‘Naz.’ and ‘Jerus.’ in Lk 1 and 2, NTS 3, ’56/57, 136–42; CKopp, The Holy Places of the Gospels, tr. RWalls, ’63, 49–86.—MAvi-Yonah, The Caesarea Inscription of the Twenty-Four Priestly Courses: The Teacher’s Yoke, ed. JVardaman et al., ’64, 46–57, esp. p. 48 n. 2. BHHW III 1291f; Kl. Pauly IV 27.—OEANE IV 113f. M-M. TW. -
26 νομικός
νομικός, ή, όν (νόμος; Pla., Aristot. et al.; ins [Hatch 134ff]; pap, e.g. PMich XIII 659, 319; 668, 9 [both VI A.D.] al.; 4 Macc 5:4; SibOr 8, 112; Mel., P. 94, 713 ἐν πόλει νομικῇ).① pert. to matters relating to law, about law (ἐν ταῖς ν. καὶ προφητικαῖς γραφαῖς Orig., C. Cels. 2, 76, 9) μάχαι ν. quarrels about the law (i.e. the validity of the [Mosaic?] law) Tit 3:9 (cp. Philostrat., Vitae Sophist. 1, 22, 1 ἀγῶνες ν.).② pert. to being well informed about law, learned in the law, hence subst. ὁ νομικός legal expert, jurist, lawyer (Strabo 12, 2, 9; Epict. 2, 13, 6–8; IMagnMai 191, 4 [s. Thieme 37]; other exx. from inscriptions in LRobert, Hellenica I 62, 9; BGU 326 II, 22; 361 III, 2; POxy 237 VIII, 2; CPR I, 18, 24 al. in pap; 4 Macc 5:4); Tit 3:13 mentions a certain Zenas the ν., but it is not clear whether he was expert in Mosaic or non-Mosaic (in the latter case most prob. Roman) law.—Elsewh. in the NT only once in Mt and several times in Lk, always of those expert in Mosaic law: Mt 22:35; Lk 10:25. Pl. 11:45f, 52; 14:3. Cp. PEg2 2. Mentioned w. Pharisees 7:30; 11:53 D; 14:3.—Schürer II 320–80, esp. 324 n. 4; GRuderg, ConNeot II ’36, 41f; Kilpatrick s.v. γραμματεύς.—B. 1424. New Docs 2, 89. DELG s.v. νέμω Ic. M-M. TW. -
27 παροξυσμός
παροξυσμός, οῦ, ὁ (παρόξυνω; Demosth. et al.; LXX)① rousing to activity, stirring up, provoking (so the verb παροξύνω in act. and pass.; X., Mem. 3, 3, 13 πρὸς τὰ καλά, Oec. 13, 9; Isocr., Ad Demonic. 46) εἰς π. ἀγάπης for encouragement in love, i.e. to encourage someone in love Hb 10:24.② a state of irritation expressed in argument, sharp disagreement (‘irritation, exasperation’: Demosth. 45, 14; Ael. Aristid. 37 p. 709 D.; 52 p. 600; Dt 29:27; Jer 39:37) ἐγένετο π. a sharp disagreement arose Ac 15:39.③ a severe fit of a disease, attack of fever, esp. at its high point: convulsion (Hippocr., Aph. 1, 11; 12; 2, 13; Galen XIII p. 210; Artem. 3, 56; PTebt 272, 6.—Hobart 233) IPol 2:1.—DELG s.v. ὀξύς. M-M. TW. -
28 παρουσία
παρουσία, ας, ἡ (πάρειμι; Trag., Thu.+)① the state of being present at a place, presence (Aeschyl. et al.; Herm. Wr. 1, 22; OGI 640, 7, SIG 730, 14; Did.; cp. Hippol., Ref. 7, 32, 8 ‘existence’) 1 Cor 16:17; Phil 2:12 (opp. ἀπουσία). ἡ π. τοῦ σώματος ἀσθενής his bodily presence is weak i.e. when he is present in person, he appears to be weak 2 Cor 10:10.—Of God (Jos., Ant. 3, 80; 203; 9, 55) τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ δείγματα proofs of his presence Dg 7:9 (cp. Diod S 3, 66, 3 σημεῖα τῆς παρουσίας τοῦ θεοῦ; 4, 24, 1).② arrival as the first stage in presence, coming, advent (Soph., El. 1104; Eur., Alc. 209; Thu. 1, 128, 5. Elsewh. mostly in later wr.: Polyb. 22, 10, 14; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 11, 18 Jac.; Diod S 15, 32, 2; 19, 64, 6; Dionys. Hal. 1, 45, 4; ins, pap; Jdth 10:18; 2 Macc 8:12; 15:21; 3 Macc 3:17; TestAbr A 2 p. 78, 26 [Stone p. 4]; Jos., Bell. 4, 345, Vi. 90; Tat. 39, 3).ⓐ of human beings, in the usual sense 2 Cor 7:6f. ἡ ἐμὴ π. πάλιν πρὸς ὑμᾶς my coming to you again, my return to you Phil 1:26.—RFunk, JKnox Festschr. ’67, 249–68.ⓑ in a special technical sense (difft. JWalvoord, BiblSacr 101, ’44, 283–89 on παρ., ἀποκάλυψις, ἐπιφάνεια) of Christ (and the Antichrist). The use of π. as a t.t. has developed in two directions. On the one hand the word served as a sacred expr. for the coming of a hidden divinity, who makes his presence felt by a revelation of his power, or whose presence is celebrated in the cult (Diod S 3, 65, 1 ἡ τοῦ θεοῦ π. of Dionysus upon earth; 4, 3, 3; Ael. Aristid. 48, 30; 31 K.=24 p. 473 D.; Porphyr., Philos. Ex Orac. Haur. II p. 148 Wolff; Iambl., Myst. 2, 8; 3, 11; 5, 21; Jos., Ant. 3, 80; 203; 9, 55; report of a healing fr. Epidaurus: SIG 1169, 34).—On the other hand, π. became the official term for a visit of a person of high rank, esp. of kings and emperors visiting a province (Polyb. 18, 48, 4; CIG 4896, 8f; SIG 495, 85f; 741, 21; 30; UPZ 42, 18 [162 B.C.]; PTebt 48, 14; 116, 57 [both II B.C.]; O. Wilck II, 1372; 1481. For the verb in this sense s. BGU XIII, 2211, 5.—O. Wilck I 274ff; Dssm., LO 314ff [LAE 372ff]; MDibelius, Hdb. exc. after the expl. of 1 Th 2:20). These two technical expressions can approach each other closely in mng., can shade off into one another, or even coincide (Ins. von Tegea: BCH 25, 1901 p. 275 ἔτους ξθ´ ἀπὸ τῆς θεοῦ Ἁδριανοῦ τὸ πρῶτον ἰς τὴν Ελλάδα παρουσίας).—Herm. Wr. 1, 26 uses π. of the advent of the pilgrim in the eighth sphere.α. of Christ, and nearly always of his Messianic Advent in glory to judge the world at the end of this age: Mt 24:3 (PSchoonheim, Een semasiolog. onderzoek van π. ’53); 1 Cor 1:8 v.l.; 15:23; 2 Th 2:8 (on the expr. ἐπιφάνεια παρουσίας s. FPfister, Pauly-W. Suppl. IV ’24, 322); 2 Pt 3:4; 1J 2:28; Dg 7:6; Hs 5, 5, 3. ἡ π. τοῦ υἱοῦ τ. ἀνθρώπου Mt 24:27, 37, 39 (cp. the suggestion of retribution SIG 741, 21–23; 31f). ἡ π. τοῦ κυρίου 1 Th 4:15; Js 5:7f. ἡ π. τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ 1 Th 3:13; cp. 2:19. ἡ π. τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 5:23; 2 Th 2:1 (on the use in 1 and 2 Th s. RGundry, NTS 33, ’87, 161–78); 2 Pt 1:16 (δύναμις w. παρουσία as Jos., Ant. 9, 55; cp. Ael. Aristid. 48, 30 K. [both passages also b above]).—This explains the expr. ἡ π. τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμέρας the coming of the Day of God 2 Pt 3:12.—EvDobschütz, Zur Eschatologie der Ev.: StKr 84, 1911, 1–20; FTillmann, D. Wiederkunft Christi nach den paulin. Briefen 1909; FGuntermann, D. Eschatol. des hl. Pls ’32; BBrinkmann, D. Lehre v. d. Parusie b. hl. Pls u. im Hen.: Biblica 13, ’32, 315–34; 418–34; EHaack, E. exeg.-dogm. Studie z. Eschatol. über 1 Th 4:13–18: ZST 15, ’38, 544–69; OCullmann, Le retour de Christ2 ’45; WKümmel, Verheissg. u. Erfüllg.2 ’53; TGlasson, The Second Advent ’45; AFeuillet, CHDodd Festschr. ’56 (Mt and Js).—On delay of the Parousia WMichaelis, Wikenhauser Festschr. ’53, 107–23; EGrässer, D. Problem der Parousieverzögerung (synopt and Ac), ’57.—JATRobinson, Jesus and His Coming, ’57.β. in our lit. prob. only in a few late pass. of Jesus’ advent in the Incarnation (so TestLevi 8:15; TestJud 22:2; Just., A I, 52, 3, D. 14, 8; 40, 4; 118, 2 ἐν τῇ πάλιν παρουσίᾳ; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 2, 52; 8, 5; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 68, 5; Hippol., Ref. 9, 30, 5) τὴν παρουσίαν τοῦ σωτῆρος, κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τὸ πάθος αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν ἀνάστασιν IPhld 9:2; PtK 4 p. 15, 33. But 2 Pt 1:16 (s. α above) can hardly be classed here.γ. Sense α gave rise to an opposing use of π. to designate the coming of the Antichrist (s. ἄνομος 4; Iren. 3, 7, 2 [Harv. II 26f]; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 45, 5) in the last times οὗ ἐστιν ἡ π. κατʼ ἐνέργειαν τοῦ σατανᾶ whose coming is in keeping with / in line with Satan’s power 2 Th 2:9. KThraede, Grundzüge griechisch-römischer Brieftopik ’70, 95–106.—New Docs 4, 167f. DELG s.v. εἰμί. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
29 πυξίς
πυξίς, ίδος, ἡ prim. ‘box’ made of boxwood, then any kind of box, esp. as a container for medicine (Lucian, Philops. 21; Galen XIII 743 K.; Jos., Bell. 1, 598; BGU 1300, 8 [III/II B.C.]; PRyl 125, 26f [I A.D.]; Sb 4324, 17), in our lit. of a container for poison (as Jos., Bell. 1, 598, Ant. 17, 77) box, container Hv 3, 9, 7.—Frisk s.v. πύξος. -
30 Συράκουσαι
Συράκουσαι, ῶν, αἱ (Pind., Hdt. et al.; ins in var. spellings) Syracuse, a city on the east coast of Sicily Ac 28:12.—KFabricius, D. antike S.21, ’63; PECS 871–74 (lit.); Pauly-W. XIII 815ff; Kl. Pauly V 460–69; DACL XV 1840–55; BHHW III, 1918.—M-M. -
31 ἀλάβαστρος
ἀλάβαστρος, ου, ὁ and ἡ, also ἀλάβαστρον, τό (s. Mk 14:3 w. its variants; cp. Theocr. 15, 114; Delian ins [III B.C.]: IG XI/2, 161b, 9; 4 Km 21:13 with v.l. and B-D-F §49, 1; Mlt-H. 122; fem. gender in Pollux 7, 177; 10, 121; the earlier Attic form ἀλάβαστος or-ον [SEG XIII, 12, 234] does not appear in the biblical lit.) a vase for holding perfume/ointment, often made of alabaster, hence alabaster vase, a vessel w. a rather long neck which was broken off when the contents were used; a container for spikenard ointment (so Hdt. et al.; also a loanword in Lat.: Pliny, NH 13, 3 unguenta optime servantur in alabastris) Mt 26:7; Lk 7:37; τὴν ἀ. Mk 14:3 (vv.ll. τὸ ἀ. and τὸν ἀ.; ἀλ. μύρου as Hdt. 3, 20; Lucian, Dial. Mer. 14, 2; Dionys. Hal. 7, 9; PSI 333, 6; 628, 8).—AvanVeldhuizen, De alabasten flesch: TSt 24, 1906, 170–72.—DELG s.v. ἀλάβαστος. M-M. -
32 ἀπορέω
ἀπορέω impf. ἠπόρουν; fut. 3 sg. ἀπορήσει Pr 31:11 (πόρος ‘way’, ‘means’ of achieving someth.; Pre-Socr., Hdt.+) orig. ‘be without resources’ (so also esp. ins, pap) to be in a confused state of mind, be at a loss, be in doubt, be uncertain act. (Thu. 5, 40, 3; X., Hell. 6, 1, 4; Alex. Ep. XIII 1; POxy 472, 8; 939, 23f; Wsd 11:17; Philo, Leg. All. 1, 70; Jos., Ant. 2, 271 and 304, Vi. 161) πολλὰ ἠπόρει he was at a loss Mk 6:20 (so Goodsp., Probs. 58f: ‘he was very much disturbed’; but s. FZorell, Lex. s.v. and CBonner, HTR 37, ’44, 41–44, 336 ‘he was wont to raise many questions’; s. also L-S-J-M s.v. I 2; but the καί foll. is prob. adversative: ‘he was much perplexed when he listened to John, yet readily continued to give him an audience’. On the textual problem s. KRomaniuk, ἠπόρει ou ἐποίει en Mc 6:20?: ETL 69, ’93, 140f).—Elsewh., in our lit. mid. (X., An. 6, 1, 21; 7, 3, 29 et al.; SIG 226, 35; 1 Macc 3:31; Jos., Bell. 4, 226; Just., D. 72, 3; s. Renehan ’82, 34) τί ἐν σεαυτῷ διαλογίζῃ καὶ ἀπορῇ; why this inward debate and perplexity? Hs 9, 2, 6. περὶ τινος about someth. Lk 24:4 (v.l. διαπορέω q.v.); Hs 8, 3, 1. W. indir. question foll. ἀπορούμενοι περί τίνος λέγει uncertain as to which one he meant J 13:22. πρός τι PEg2, 63. W. acc. foll. ἀπορούμενος τὴν (v.l. εἰς τὴν) περὶ τούτων ζήτησιν since I was at a loss how to investigate these matters Ac 25:20 (B-D-F §148, 2; Rob. 472). ἔν τινι because of someone Gal 4:20. Abs. ἀπορούμενοι ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐξαπορούμενοι (sometimes) at a loss, but not losers (an attempt to reproduce the wordplay; REB: bewildered, but never at our wits’ end) 2 Cor 4:8. ἠπορούμην ἐπὶ ταῖς παρθέναις Hs 9, 2, 5.—M-M. -
33 ἁμάρτημα
ἁμάρτημα, τος, τό (w. mngs. ranging fr. involuntary mistake to serious moral default: Arist., EN 1135b; Pre-Socr., Soph. et al.; Diod S 14, 76, 4 εἰς θεοὺς ἁμαρτήματα; POxy 34 III, 13; PTebt 5, 3 [s. ἀγνόημα]; PParis 63 XIII, 2ff; BGU 1141, 8; 1185, 7; LXX; En; PsSol 17:8; TestSol D; TestAbr A 14 p. 94, 22 [Stone, p. 36]; ParJer 2:2; ApcEsdr, ApcMos; EpArist 297; Philo; Jos., Bell. 4, 348, Ant. 1, 22, 3:221 al.; Mel., P. 103, 788 [B; ἁμαρτιῶν Ch.]; Fgm. 12, 9; Theoph. Ant. 1, 2 [p. 60, 20]) as an individual act sin, transgression (as moral default Pla., Phd. 113e) Ro 5:16 v.l.; αἰώνιον ἁ. an everlasting sin Mk 3:29; τὰ προγεγονότα ἁμαρτήματα Ro 3:25 (s. Eunap. p. 76 [B.] τὰ προγεγενημένα τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων); cp. τῶν πάλαι αὐτοῦ ἁμαρτημάτων 2 Pt 1:9 v.l.; ἐξαλείφειν τὰ πρότερα ἁ. wipe out our former sins 2 Cl 13:1; καθαρίζεσθαι ἀπὸ τῶν ἁ. be cleansed fr. sins Hv 3, 2, 2; ποιεῖν ἁ. (Hdt. 7, 194, 2; Jdth 11:17; 13:16) 1 Cor 6:18. κρύπτειν τὸ ἁ. GJs 14:1; φανεροῦν τὸ ἁ. 16:1, 3. ἀφιέναι τινὶ τὰ ἁ. (1 Macc 13:39) forgive someone’s sins Mk 3:28; PtK 3 p. 15, 27; GJs 5:1; for this ἰᾶσθαι τὰ ἁ. (Pla., Gorg. 525b ἰάσιμα ἁμαρτήματα ἁμαρτάνειν) Hv 1, 1, 9; Hs 9, 23, 5; ποιεῖν ἴασιν τοῖς προτέροις ἁ. m 12, 6, 2; σῴζειν ἐκ τῶν ἁ. GJs 14:2. τελειοῦν τὰ ἁ. GPt 5:17=ASyn. 347, 60. ἵνα κἀκεῖνοι τελειωθῶσιν τοῖς ἁ. in order that they might be perfected in their sins = that the measure of their (i.e. the rebellious Israelites at the time of Moses) sins might be filled B 14:5. μετανοεῖν ἐπὶ τοῖς ἁ. repent of sins 1 Cl 7:7 (Wsd 12:19 ἐπὶ ἁμαρτήμασιν μετάνοια. Cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 63 §261f ἐπὶ μετάνοιαν … τὸ ἁμάρτημα). ἐφήδεσθαι τοῖς ἁ. delight in sins Dg 9:1. OHey, Philol 83, 1928, 1–17, 137–63.—DELG s.v. ἁμαρτάνω. M-M. TW. -
34 ἄγω
ἄγω fut. ἄξω; 2 aor. ἤγαγον; also 3 pl. ἤγαγαν (GJs 10:1); ἠγάγοσαν LXX; pf. ἀγήοχα LXX. Pass.: impf. ἠγόμην; 1 fut. ἀχθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἤχθην; pf. 3 sg. ἦκται Is 23:1. See the pres. act. impv. ἄγε as a separate entry (Hom.+).ⓐ lead, bring, lead off, lead away w. acc. τὴν ὄνον καὶ τὸν πῶλον Mt 21:7 (cp. Just., A I, 32, 6; 54, 7); γυναῖκα J 8:3; παῖδα Ac 20:12. ἄγαγε αὐτήν bring her here! AcPl Ha 2, 15f. θέλεις χαλκέα ἄγωμεν; Do you wish us to fetch a locksmith? 3, 5. W. acc. and indication of the goal πρὸς αὐτόν Lk 4:40; 18:40; cp. 19:35; J 9:13; Ac 9:27; 23:18. πρὸς τὸ συμψέλιον Hv 3, 1, 7. εἰς τὴν ἔρημον B 7:8. ἐπὶ σφαγήν to be slaughtered Ac 8:32; 1 Cl 16:7; B 5:2 (all three Is 53:7). ἔξω J 19:4, 13; ὧδε Lk 19:27. W. dat. of pers. (1 Macc 7:2) ἀγάγετέ μοι bring it to me Mt 21:2. τινὰ σύν τινι (cp. PGM 1, 179) 1 Th 4:14. Pass. τὸ πλοῖον ἀγόμενον εἰς Μακεδονίαν the ship sailing for Macedonia AcPl Ha 5, 15.—In transf. sense, of Jesus as shepherd J 10:16; ὁ θεὸς ἤγαγεν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ σωτῆρα Ἰησοῦν God brought Jesus as savior to Israel Ac 13:23.ⓑ bring/take along (Jos., Ant. 10, 179) εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν Ac 11:26. ἕως Ἀθηνῶν 17:15. ἐπὶ τὸν Ἄρειον πάγον vs. 19; ἄγοντες παρʼ ᾧ ξενισθῶμεν Μνάσωνι (=πρὸς Μνάσωνα) ἵνα παρʼ αὐτῷ ξενισθῶμεν 21:16; s. on this ξενίζω and B-D-F §294, 5; Rob. 719). ἄγε μετὰ σεαυτοῦ bring (him) along 2 Ti 4:11 (PPetr II, 32 [2a], 13 ἄγων μεθʼ αὑτοῦ).② to take into custody, lead away, arrest, legal t.t. w. acc. Mk 13:11; Lk 22:54; J 7:45; Ac 5:26. ὅπως δεδεμένους ἀγάγῃ εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 9:2; cp. 22:5. Of arraignment and trial w. ἐπί and acc. (BGU 22, 34ff; PTebt 331, 16f; Just., A II, 2, 12) ἐπὶ ἡγεμόνας Mt 10:18. ἐπὶ τὸ βῆμα Ac 18:12. ἐπʼ ἐξουσίαν Hs 9, 28, 4. εἰς τὸ συνέδριον Ac 6:12. [εἰς τὸ συμ]β[ο]ύ̣λιον AcPl BMM verso 20 (cp. Just. A II, 10, 4 εἰς δικαστήριον). Abs. Ac 25:6, 17, 23. Of the transport of a prisoner 23:31; J 18:28. εἰς τὴν παρεμβολήν take away to the barracks Ac 21:34; 23:10. Of leading away to execution (cp. Diod S 13, 102, 1; Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 9 §36; Lucian, Syr. Dea 25; 2 Macc 6:29; 7:18) Lk 23:32; J 19:16 v.l.; s. entry ἀπάγω 2c.③ to lead/guide morally or spiritually, lead, encourage (in the direction of) (X., Mem. 1, 6, 14 ἐπὶ καλοκἀγαθίαν; Demosth. 25, 76 εἰς ἔλεον; 18, 316 εἰς ἀχαριστίαν; Pr 18:6; Jos., Ant. 2, 174; εἰς πίστιν Just., A I, 10, 4; εἰς ἐπίστασιν καὶ ἀνάμνησιν 44, 11) τινὰ εἰς μετάνοιαν Ro 2:4 (Polyb. 5, 16, 2 εἰς μετάνοιαν ἄξειν τ. βασιλέα; EpArist 188; Jos., Ant. 4, 144); εἰς δόξαν Hb 2:10. Of jealousy ἄ. εἰς θάνατον 1 Cl 9:1. γυναικάρια ἀγόμενα ἐπιθυμίαις ποικίλαις 2 Ti 3:6 (Aristot., EN 7, 3, 10, 1147a, 34 ἡ ἐπιθυμία ἄγει. Cp. Eur., Med. 310 σε θυμὸς ἦγεν; Pla., Prot. 355a ὑπὸ τ. ἡδονῶν ἀγόμενος; Demosth. 18, 9 τοῖς ἔξωθεν λόγοις ἠγμένος; Parthenius 29, 2 ἄγειν εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν=entice to desire; ἤγοντο εἰς τοὺς χώρους τῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν Mel., P. 50, 359). Freq. of the working of the Spirit on human beings: pass. be led, allow oneself to be led πνεύματι θεοῦ ἄγεσθαι Ro 8:14; cp. Gal 5:18; Lk 4:1, 9 (on the “permissive pass.” s. Gildersleeve, Syntax I §167).—1 Cor 12:2 is difficult: ὅτι πρὸς τὰ εἴδωλα τὰ ἄφωνα ὡς ἂν ἤγεσθε ἀπαγόμενοι may be transl. how you were attracted, carried away again and again to mute idols, where ἄν denotes repetition, and ὡς takes up the preceding ὅτι; for another expl., presupposing the rdg. ὡς ἀνήγεσθε, s. JWeiss ad loc.; s. also ICC ad loc. (Psellus p. 96, 33 offers a choice between ἂν ἀγάγοι and ἀναγάγοι; Herodas 6, 73 ἂν εὑρήσεις RHerzog or ἀνευρήσεις AKnox; CB I/2, 390 no. 248 ὸ̔ς ἂν ὀρύξει or ὸ̔ς ἀνορύξει). [τ]ὰς ἐπὶ τὴν ἀπάτην ἀγούσας (paths) that lead to deceit AcPl Ha 1, 13.④ to make use of time for a specific purpose, spend, observe (Eur., Hdt.+; Aberciusins 18; LXX) ἀ. τὴν ἡμέραν τὴν ὀγδόην εἰς εὐφροσύνην celebrate the eighth day as a festival of joy B 15:9 (cp. OGI 90, 47 [196 B.C.] ἄγειν τὰς ἡμέρας ταύτας ἑορτάς; PCairGoodsp 3, 18 [III B.C.] ἡμέραν καλὴν ἤγαγον; freq. in PCairZen, s. Preis. IV). Perh. impers. τρίτην ταύτην ἡμέραν ἄγει this is the third day Lk 24:21; but, since this expr. cannot be found elsewhere, it is prob. better to supply Ἰησοῦς as subj. (B-D-F §129) lit. Jesus is spending the third day (cp. Galen XIII 581 Kühn τετάρτην ἡμέραν ἄγων ἀνώδυνος ἦν, ad Glauc. de med. meth. 1, 16 XI 65 K. πόστην ἄγει τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ νοσεῖν ἡμέραν ὁ ἄνθρωπος). Of festivals celebrate, observe (Hdt.+; Aesop, Fab. 389 P. γενέθλιον ἄγειν; PCairZen 541, 5 [III B.C.] Jos., Ant 11, 77, cp. 1 Esdr 5:50; ἄγοντα ἑορτάς Ar. 10, 8; μυστήρια ἄγετε Just., A I, 25, 1; Ath. 1, 1) γενέσια Mt 14:6 v.l.; τὸ σάββατον PtK 2 p. 14, 28; νεομηνίαν ibid. ln. 29. Of meetings (like Lat. agere) συμβούλιον ἄγειν hold a meeting IPol 7:2. Pass. ἀγοραῖοι ἄγονται (s. ἀγοραῖος 2) Ac 19:38.⑤ to move away from a position, go, intr. (X. et al.) ἄγωμεν let us go (so Vi. Aesopi G 77 P.; loanw. in rabb.; B-D-F §308) Mt 26:46; Mk 14:42; J 11:16. W. the goal given (Ael. Aristid. 51, 28 K.=27 p. 541 D.: εἰς τὸ ἱερόν; Epict. 3, 22, 55 ἄγωμεν ἐπὶ τ. ἀνθύπατον) εἰς τὰς κωμοπόλεις Mk 1:38. εἰς τὴν Ἰουδαίαν J 11:7. εἰς τὸ ὄρος ApcPt 2:4. εἰς ἀγρόν Hs 6, 1, 5; ἐπὶ τὴν θεωρίαν AcPl Ha 4, 7; πρὸς αὐτόν J 11:15. παρὰ τὸν πύργον Hs 9, 5, 6. ἄγωμεν ἴδωμεν τὸν ἔχοντα τὸν θεὸν θηριομαχοῦντα let us go and see this man, who possesses divinity, fight with the beasts AcPl Ha 4, 7. W. the point of departure given ἐντεῦθεν J 14:31. JFitzmyer, The Use of Agein and Pherein in the Synoptics: Gingrich Festschr. 147–60.—B. 711; 713. DELG. M-M. -
35 ἄλυπος
ἄλυπος, ον s. λύπη; pass. free from anxiety (so Soph. et al.; X., Hiero 9, 9; Epict.; Lucian; Herm. Wr. Fgm. 23, 44 [482, 9 Sc.]; Crates 35 p. 88, 16 Malherbe; ISyriaW 1835; 1851 al.; PPetr II, xiii, 19, 14 [c. 250 B.C.]; BGU 246, 17 [II/III A.D.]; TestAbr A 9 p. 87, 6 [Stone p. 22]; Philo, Cher. 86; Just., D. 117, 3; Ath., R. 78, 1) ἵνα κἀγὼ ἀλυπότερος ὦ so that I might be less anxious (than now= free from all anxiety) Phil 2:28.—M-M. TW. -
36 ἄπλυτος
ἄπλυτος, ον (ἀ-, πλυτός ‘washed’; Semonides 7, 5; Dio Chrys. 11[12], 43; Galen XIII 664 K.) unwashed τὸ ἔντερον ἄ. φαγεῖν eat the entrails unwashed B 7:4.—DELG s.v. πλύνω. -
37 ἐμπεριέχω
ἐμπεριέχω (s. περιέχω; Aristot., Theophr. et al.; TestSol 11:9 C [Tdf.]; Jos., Ant. 14, 422) to encompass, embrace of God ὁ τὰ πάντα ἐμπεριέχων the One who embraces all things 1 Cl 28:4 (Herm. Wr. Fgm. 26 p. 542 Sc. of God: πάντα ἐμπεριέχει cp. PMich XIII, 659, 286 and 295 [VI A.D.] of an agreement w. all provisions ‘embraced’ in it. S. Knopf, Hdb. ad loc.). -
38 ὁρισμός
ὁρισμός, οῦ, ὁ (ὁρίζω; Hippocr. et al.; IMakedD 592, 2 [XIII A.D.] ‘ordinance’; pap, LXX; Philo, Leg. All. 2, 63) lit. ‘marking out by boundaries’, then a fixed course. Heavenly bodies ἐξελίσσουσιν τοὺς ἐπιτεταγμένους αὐτοῖς ὁρ. roll on through their appointed courses 1 Cl 20:3.—DELG s.v. ὅρος. M-M s.v. ὁρίζω. -
39 ὑάκινθος
ὑάκινθος, ου, ὁ (s. prec. entry; as early as Hom. as the name of a flower) the jacinth or hyacinth (Peripl. Eryth. 56 [gender undetermined]; Galen XIII 970; Ptolem. 7, 4, 1; Heliod. 2, 30, 3 [in him clearly fem]; Achilles Tat. 2, 11, 3 [gender undetermined]; the λίθος ἡλίου Cat. Cod. Astr. IX/2 p. 152, 18.—In the LXX; TestSol 21:2; JosAs 2:15 al. and in Philo and Joseph. [Ant. 3, 164] hyacinth-colored cloth is meant), a precious stone Rv 21:20, perh. blue in color (Michel Psellus, in Lapidaires p. 203, ln. 79f θαλαττόχρω ‘sea-hued’), someth. like the sapphire (but s. vs. 19); on it s. OED s.v. hyacinth 1ab. It was often made into gems by the ancients (Pliny, NH 37, 9, 41f).—For lit. see s.v. ἀμέθυστος.—DELG. M-M. -
40 ὕπανδρος
ὕπανδρος, ον (ὑπό + ἀνήρ; Polyb. et al.; Cat. Cod. Astr. XIII 174, 9 al,; LXX; lit. ‘under the power of or subject to a man’) pert. to being legally bound to a man in marriage, married ἡ ὕπανδρος γυνή the married woman (Polyb. 10, 26, 3; Aelian, NA 3, 42; Artem. 1, 78 p. 74, 6; Athen. 9, 388c; Heliod. 10, 22; Num 5:20, 29; Pr 6:24, 29; Sir 9:9; 41:23; TestAbr B 12 p. 116, 14 [Stone p. 80]; Test12Patr) Ro 7:2.—M-M.
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