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21 vu

vu, e¹ [vy]

past participle of voir

1. adjective

   a. ( = compris) (inf) c'est vu ? all right?

• c'est tout vu it's a foregone conclusion

   b. ( = jugé) c'était bien vu de sa part what he said was spot-on (inf)

   c. ( = considéré) bien vu [personne] well thought of

• mal vu [personne] poorly thought of

• il est mal vu du patron the boss has a poor opinion of him

• ici c'est bien/mal vu de porter une cravate it's the done thing/it's not the done thing to wear a tie here

2. masculine noun

• au vu et au su de tous openly and publicly

3. preposition

in view of

• vu la situation, cela valait mieux in view of the situation, it was better

• vu que... (inf) in view of the fact that...

* * *

1.

vue vy adjectif

1) ( considéré)

être bien vu — [personne] to be well thought of

être mal vu — [personne] not to be well thought of

c'est bien vu de faire cela — it's good form to do that

ce serait plutôt mal vu — it wouldn't go down well

2) ( jugé)

bien vu!, c'est bien vu! — good point!

c'est tout vu — my mind is made up

3) ( compris)

vu?, c'est bien vu? — got it? (colloq)

2.

préposition in view of

3.

vu que locution conjonctive in view of the fact that

••

ni vu ni connu! — (colloq) no-one will know!

faire quelque chose ni vu ni connu — (colloq) to do something without anybody knowing

pas vu pas pris — it can't hurt if nobody knows

au vu et au su de tous — openly and publicly

* * *
vy prép
I

(= en raison de) in view of

Vu les rafales de vent, mieux vaut ne pas sortir. — In view of the gusty wind, it would be better not to go out.

vu que — in view of the fact that

II vu, -e
1. pp

See:

voir

2. adj

être bien vu — to be popular

Est-ce qu'il est bien vu à l'école? — Is he popular at school?

être mal vu — to be disapproved of

C'est mal vu de fumer ici. — They don't approve of smoking here.

3. nm

au vu de qch [situation, résultat] — in view of sth

au vu et au su de tous — openly and publicly

* * *

vu, vue

A pp ⇒ voir.

B pp adj

1 ( considéré) être bien vu [personne] to be well thought of (de by); être mal vu [personne] not to be well thought of (de by); c'est bien/mal vu de faire cela it's good/bad form to do that; ce serait plutôt mal vu it wouldn't go down well;

2 ( jugé) bien vu!, c'est bien vu! good point!; c'est tout vu my mind is made up;

3 ( compris) vu?, c'est bien vu? got it○?

C nm fml sur le vu du dossier from the file.

D prép in view of; vu leur âge/importance in view of their age/importance.

E vu que loc conj in view of the fact that.

F vue nf

1 ( vision) eyesight; les troubles de la vue eye trouble; avoir une bonne/mauvaise vue to have good/bad eyesight; perdre/recouvrer la vue to lose/regain one's sight; don de seconde ou double vue gift of second sight; avoir la vue basse or courte lit, fig to be short-sighted GB ou near-sighted US; ça fatigue la vue it strains your eyes; en vue [personnalité] prominent, high-profile○ ( épith); la côte/une solution est en vue the coast/a solution is in sight; en vue de la côte within sight of the coast; mettre une photo bien en vue to display a photo prominently; chercher à se mettre en vue to try to get noticed; c'est quelqu'un de très en vue en ce moment he's/she's very much in the public eye at the moment;

2 ( regard) sight; à première vue at first sight; connaître qn de vue to know sb by sight; ne perds pas cet enfant de vue don't let that child out of your sight; perdre qn de vue fig to lose touch with sb; perdre qch de vue fig to forget sth; le paysage qui s'offrait à la vue the landscape before us; détourner la vue to avert one's eyes ou gaze (de from); à vue [tirer] on sight; [dessiner] freehand; [atterrir, piloter] without instruments; Fin [retrait] on demand; [dépôt] at call; payable à vue payable on demand ou sight;

3 ( panorama) view; chambre avec vue sur la mer room with sea view; vue imprenable magnificent and protected view; avoir vue sur le square [pièce, personne] to look out onto the square; d'ici, on a une vue plongeante sur la vallée from here you get a bird's-eye view of the valley;

4 ( spectacle) sight; s'évanouir à la vue du sang to faint at the sight of blood; à ma vue, il s'enfuit he took to his heels when he saw me ou on seeing me;

5 (dessin, photo) view (de of); une vue de la cathédrale a view of the cathedral; vue de face/de côté front/side view; un film de 12 vues Phot a 12 exposure film; ⇒ prise pris;

6 ( façon de voir) view; vues views (sur on); une vue optimiste des choses an optimistic view of things; ⇒ échange, point;

7 ( projet) vues plans; ( desseins) avoir des vues sur qn/qch to have designs on sb/sth; avoir qn en vue to have sb in mind; j'ai un terrain en vue ( je sais lequel conviendrait) I have a plot of land in mind; ( je voudrais obtenir) I've got my eye on a piece of land; avoir en vue de faire qch to have it in mind to do sth; en vue de qch/de faire qch with a view to sth/to doing sth;

8 Jur ( ouverture) window.

Composés

vue éclatée exploded view; vue d'ensemble overall view; ce n'est qu'une vue de l'esprit it's entirely imaginary.

Idiomes

ni vu ni connu○ no-one will know; pas vu pas pris it can't hurt if nobody knows; au vu et au su de tous openly and publicly; à vue de nez○ at a rough guess; à vue d'œil before your very eyes; vouloir en mettre or en jeter plein la vue à qn to try to dazzle ou impress sb.

I

( féminin vue) [vy] participe passé

→ link=voir voir

————————

( féminin vue) [vy] adjectif

1. [bien/mal considéré]

bien/mal vu: il est bien vu de travailler tard it's the done thing ou it's good form to work late

il veut être bien vu he wants to be well thought of

fumer, c'est assez mal vu ici smoking is disapproved of here

être bien vu de quelqu'un to be well thought-of by somebody

être mal vu de quelqu'un to be not well thought-of by somebody

2. [bien/mal analysé]

bien/mal vu: personnages bien/mal vus finely observed/poorly-drawn characters

un problème bien vu an accurately diagnosed problem

une situation bien vue a finely judged situation

bien vu! well spotted!

3. [compris]

(c'est) vu? understood?, get it?

(c'est) vu! OK!, got it!

II

[vy] nom masculin invariable

(soutenu)

au vu et au su de tous openly

au vu de son dossier... looking at his case...

III

[vy] préposition

[en considération de] in view of, considering, given

vu l'article 317 du Code pénal... DROIT in view of article 317 of the Penal Code...

————————

vu que locution conjonctive

[étant donné que] in view of the fact that, seeing that, considering that

il lui faudra au moins deux heures pour venir, vu qu'il est à pied he'll need at least two hours to get here, seeing that he's (coming) on foot

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > vu
22 замок защиты

1. protection lock

дипломатическая защита — diplomatic protection

защита жертв войны — protection of war victims

защита от взрывов — explosion-proof protection

защита от сверхтоков — over-current protection

защита от сдвига ветра — wind shear protection

2. privacy lock

код защиты — lock code

ключ защиты — privacy lock

код защиты; ключ — lock code

язык защиты — privacy language

защита застопоренного колеса — locked wheel protection

Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > замок защиты
23 máquina

f.

1 machine, engine, piece of machinery.

2 railway engine.

3 car.

* * *

máquina

► nombre femenino

1 (gen) machine

2 (de un tren) engine

3 figurado machinery

■ la máquina del Estado the State machinery

4 (expendedora) vending machine

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

a máquina (cosido) machine-sewn 2 (escrito) typewritten

a toda máquina at full blast

coser a máquina to use a sewing machine, sew on a sewing machine

escribir a máquina to type, typewrite

máquina de afeitar shaver, electric razor

máquina de coser sewing machine

máquina de escribir typewriter

máquina de fotos / máquina fotográfica camera

máquina de lavar washing machine

máquina de tabaco cigarette machine

máquina de tricotar knitting machine

máquina de vapor steam engine

máquina tragaperras slot machine

* * *

noun f.

1) machine

2) engine

* * *

SF

1) (=aparato) [gen] machine

a toda máquina — at full speed

coser algo a máquina — to machine-sew sth

entrar en máquina — to go to press

• escribir a máquina — to type

• escrito a máquina — typed, typewritten

• hecho a máquina — machine-made

• pasar algo a máquina — to type sth (up)

- forzar la máquina

máquina copiadora — copier, copying machine

máquina cosechadora — combine harvester, combine

máquina de afeitar — razor, safety razor

máquina de afeitar eléctrica — electric razor, shaver

máquina de azar — fruit machine

máquina de bolas — * pinball machine

máquina de calcular — calculator

máquina de contabilidad — adding machine

máquina de coser — sewing machine

máquina de discos — jukebox

máquina de escribir — typewriter

máquina de franquear — franking machine

máquina de hacer punto — knitting machine

máquina de lavar — washing machine

máquina de sumar — adding machine

máquina de tabaco — * cigarette machine

máquina de tejer, máquina de tricotar — knitting machine

máquina de vapor — steam engine

máquina excavadora — mechanical digger, steam shovel (EEUU)

máquina expendedora — vending machine

máquina fotográfica — camera

máquina franqueadora — franking machine

máquina herramienta — machine tool

máquina ordeñadora — milking machine

máquina picadora — mincer

máquina quitanieves — snowplough, snowplow (EEUU)

máquina registradora — LAm cash register

máquina tejedora — knitting machine

máquina tragaperras — fruit machine, one-armed bandit; (Com) vending machine

2) (Transportes) [de tren] engine, locomotive; (=moto) * motorbike; CAm, Cuba (=coche) car; (=taxi) taxi

3) (Fot) camera

4) (Pol) machine

máquina electoral — electoral machine

5) (=maquinaria) machinery, workings pl ; (=plan) scheme of things

* * *

femenino

1)

a) ( aparato) machine

máquina expendedora de bebidas — drinks machine

¿se puede lavar a máquina? — can it be machine-washed?

no sé escribir a máquina — I can't type

¿me pasas esto a máquina? — would you type this (up) for me?

b) (Jueg) fruit machine; (Fot) camera

c) ( de café) coffee machine

- máquina de afeitar

- máquina de calcular

- máquina de coser/lavar

- máquina de discos

- máquina de escribir

- máquina expendedora

- máquina tragamonedas or tragaperras

- máquina traganíqueles

2)

a) (Náut) engine

a toda máquina — at top speed, flat out (colloq)

b) (Ferr) engine, locomotive

c) (Ven fam) ( auto) car

3) ( organización) machine

* * *

= machine.

Ex. Synonyms, related terms and other variants must now be collected, either by human selection, or with the aid of the machine.

----

* acabado a máquina = machine-finished.

* aprendizaje de la máquina = machine learning (ML).

* a toda máquina = in the fast lane, fast lane, full steam ahead, at full tilt, full-tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed.

* avanzar a toda máquina = steam ahead, go + full steam ahead.

* borrador escrito a máquina = typewritten draft.

* Catalogación Legible por Máquina (MARC) = MARC (Machine Readable Cataloguing).

* datos legibles por máquina = machine-readable data.

* de escritura a máquina = typing.

* de la máquina y el hombre = human-machine.

* documento legible por máquina = machine readable document.

* encargado de la máquina de imprimir = machine-minder.

* en la dirección de la máquina = machine-direction.

* entre la máquina y el hombre = human-machine.

* escribir a máquina = type.

* escrito a máquina = typewritten.

* escritura a máquina = typewriting.

* formato legible por máquina = machine-readable form, machine readable format, machine scannable format.

* hecho a máquina = machine-made.

* joven ayudante del encargado de la máquina de imprimir = machine boy.

* legible por máquina = machine-readable.

* máquina continua de papel = paper-making machine.

* máquina de afeitar = shaver, electrical razor, electric shaver.

* máquina de alzar = gathering machine.

* máquina de andar o correr estática = treadmill.

* máquina de cepillar = planing machine.

* máquina de componer en caliente = hot-metal composing machine, hot-metal machine.

* maquina de componer en frío = cold-metal machine, cold-metal composing machine.

* máquina de cortar en rebanadas = slicer.

* máquina de coser = sewing machine.

* máquina de coser libros = book-sewing machine.

* máquina de cotejar = collating machine.

* máquina de discos = jukebox.

* máquina de encartonar = casing-in machine.

* máquina de escribir = typewriter.

* máquina de escribir de margarita = daisy-wheel typewriter.

* máquina de escribir de pelota de golf = golf-ball typewriter.

* máquina de escribir eléctrica = electric typewriter, electronic typewriter.

* máquina de escribir libros = book-writing machine.

* máquina de estampar en relieve = embossing machine.

* máquina de estampar tela en relieve = cloth-embossing machine.

* máquina de fábrica = manufacturing equipment.

* máquina de fabricación = manufacturing equipment.

* máquina de fabricar tapas = casemaking machine.

* máquina de fax = fax machine.

* máquina de franquear = franking machine.

* maquina de grapar libros = book-stapling machine.

* máquina de imprenta = printing machine.

* maquina de imprimir con mecanismo de reiteración = perfector.

* máquina de imprimir direcciones = addressograph, addressing machine.

* máquina de matar = killing machine.

* máquina de papel continuo = newsprint machine.

* máquina de perforar papeles = desk punch.

* máquina de presión plana = platen jobber, platen, platen machine, flat-platen machine.

* máquina de recortar con cuchilla recta = straight-knife trimming machine.

* máquina de registro de préstamos por medio de la fotografía = photocharger, photocharging machine.

* máquina de reiteración = perfecting machine.

* máquina de sumar = adding machine.

* máquina de tambor = tumbler machine.

* máquina de tejer = knitting machine.

* máquina de torno = nipping machine.

* máquina de vapor = steam engine.

* máquina excavadora = excavator.

* máquina expendedora = vending machine.

* máquina expendedora de sellos = stamp dispenser.

* maquina expendora = dispensing machine.

* máquina Fourdrinier = Fourdrinier machine.

* máquina Fourdrinier de papel continuo = newsprint Fourdrinier.

* máquina fundidora de tipos = typecasting machine.

* máquina gofradora = cloth-embossing machine, embossing machine.

* máquina industrial = manufacturing equipment.

* máquina para leer = reading machine.

* máquina pensante = reasoning engine.

* máquina planográfica = platen machine.

* máquina que funciona con monedas = coin-operated machine.

* máquina que mantiene las constantes vitales = life-support system.

* máquina redonda = mould machine.

* máquina rotativa = cylinder machine.

* máquinas plegadoras = folding machinery.

* máquina tragaperras = slot machine, fruit machine, one-arm(ed) bandit.

* montador de máquinas = machine setter.

* papel a mano-máquina = mouldmade paper.

* papel hecho a máquina = machine-made paper.

* papel verjurado hecho a máquina = machine-made laid paper.

* posible de ser consultado por máquina = machine-viewable.

* sala de máquinas = machine room.

* seleccionado por máquina = machine-selected.

* taller de máquinas = machine shop.

* terminado a máquina = machine-finished.

* texto escrito a máquina = typescript.

* texto legible por máquina = machine readable text.

* * *

femenino

1)

a) ( aparato) machine

máquina expendedora de bebidas — drinks machine

¿se puede lavar a máquina? — can it be machine-washed?

no sé escribir a máquina — I can't type

¿me pasas esto a máquina? — would you type this (up) for me?

b) (Jueg) fruit machine; (Fot) camera

c) ( de café) coffee machine

- máquina de afeitar

- máquina de calcular

- máquina de coser/lavar

- máquina de discos

- máquina de escribir

- máquina expendedora

- máquina tragamonedas or tragaperras

- máquina traganíqueles

2)

a) (Náut) engine

a toda máquina — at top speed, flat out (colloq)

b) (Ferr) engine, locomotive

c) (Ven fam) ( auto) car

3) ( organización) machine

* * *

= machine.

Ex: Synonyms, related terms and other variants must now be collected, either by human selection, or with the aid of the machine.

* acabado a máquina = machine-finished.

* aprendizaje de la máquina = machine learning (ML).

* a toda máquina = in the fast lane, fast lane, full steam ahead, at full tilt, full-tilt, full-throttle, at full throttle, at top speed, at full blast, at full speed.

* avanzar a toda máquina = steam ahead, go + full steam ahead.

* borrador escrito a máquina = typewritten draft.

* Catalogación Legible por Máquina (MARC) = MARC (Machine Readable Cataloguing).

* datos legibles por máquina = machine-readable data.

* de escritura a máquina = typing.

* de la máquina y el hombre = human-machine.

* documento legible por máquina = machine readable document.

* encargado de la máquina de imprimir = machine-minder.

* en la dirección de la máquina = machine-direction.

* entre la máquina y el hombre = human-machine.

* escribir a máquina = type.

* escrito a máquina = typewritten.

* escritura a máquina = typewriting.

* formato legible por máquina = machine-readable form, machine readable format, machine scannable format.

* hecho a máquina = machine-made.

* joven ayudante del encargado de la máquina de imprimir = machine boy.

* legible por máquina = machine-readable.

* máquina continua de papel = paper-making machine.

* máquina de afeitar = shaver, electrical razor, electric shaver.

* máquina de alzar = gathering machine.

* máquina de andar o correr estática = treadmill.

* máquina de cepillar = planing machine.

* máquina de componer en caliente = hot-metal composing machine, hot-metal machine.

* maquina de componer en frío = cold-metal machine, cold-metal composing machine.

* máquina de cortar en rebanadas = slicer.

* máquina de coser = sewing machine.

* máquina de coser libros = book-sewing machine.

* máquina de cotejar = collating machine.

* máquina de discos = jukebox.

* máquina de encartonar = casing-in machine.

* máquina de escribir = typewriter.

* máquina de escribir de margarita = daisy-wheel typewriter.

* máquina de escribir de pelota de golf = golf-ball typewriter.

* máquina de escribir eléctrica = electric typewriter, electronic typewriter.

* máquina de escribir libros = book-writing machine.

* máquina de estampar en relieve = embossing machine.

* máquina de estampar tela en relieve = cloth-embossing machine.

* máquina de fábrica = manufacturing equipment.

* máquina de fabricación = manufacturing equipment.

* máquina de fabricar tapas = casemaking machine.

* máquina de fax = fax machine.

* máquina de franquear = franking machine.

* maquina de grapar libros = book-stapling machine.

* máquina de imprenta = printing machine.

* maquina de imprimir con mecanismo de reiteración = perfector.

* máquina de imprimir direcciones = addressograph, addressing machine.

* máquina de matar = killing machine.

* máquina de papel continuo = newsprint machine.

* máquina de perforar papeles = desk punch.

* máquina de presión plana = platen jobber, platen, platen machine, flat-platen machine.

* máquina de recortar con cuchilla recta = straight-knife trimming machine.

* máquina de registro de préstamos por medio de la fotografía = photocharger, photocharging machine.

* máquina de reiteración = perfecting machine.

* máquina de sumar = adding machine.

* máquina de tambor = tumbler machine.

* máquina de tejer = knitting machine.

* máquina de torno = nipping machine.

* máquina de vapor = steam engine.

* máquina excavadora = excavator.

* máquina expendedora = vending machine.

* máquina expendedora de sellos = stamp dispenser.

* maquina expendora = dispensing machine.

* máquina Fourdrinier = Fourdrinier machine.

* máquina Fourdrinier de papel continuo = newsprint Fourdrinier.

* máquina fundidora de tipos = typecasting machine.

* máquina gofradora = cloth-embossing machine, embossing machine.

* máquina industrial = manufacturing equipment.

* máquina para leer = reading machine.

* máquina pensante = reasoning engine.

* máquina planográfica = platen machine.

* máquina que funciona con monedas = coin-operated machine.

* máquina que mantiene las constantes vitales = life-support system.

* máquina redonda = mould machine.

* máquina rotativa = cylinder machine.

* máquinas plegadoras = folding machinery.

* máquina tragaperras = slot machine, fruit machine, one-arm(ed) bandit.

* montador de máquinas = machine setter.

* papel a mano-máquina = mouldmade paper.

* papel hecho a máquina = machine-made paper.

* papel verjurado hecho a máquina = machine-made laid paper.

* posible de ser consultado por máquina = machine-viewable.

* sala de máquinas = machine room.

* seleccionado por máquina = machine-selected.

* taller de máquinas = machine shop.

* terminado a máquina = machine-finished.

* texto escrito a máquina = typescript.

* texto legible por máquina = machine readable text.

* * *

máquina

feminine

A

1 (aparato) machine

una máquina para hacer pasta a pasta-making machine

máquina expendedora de bebidas drinks machine

¿sabes coser a máquina? do you know how to use a sewing machine?

esto hay que coserlo a máquina this will have to be sewn on the machine

¿se puede lavar a máquina? can it be machine-washed?

no sé escribir a máquina I can't type

¿me pasas esto a máquina? would you type this (up) for me?

2 ( Jueg) fruit machine

3 (cámara) camera

4 (de café) coffee machine

Compuestos:

● máquina de afeitar

electric razor, shaver ver tb maquinilla f A. (↑ maquinilla)

● máquina de calcular

calculator

● máquina de coser

sewing machine

● máquina de discos

jukebox

● máquina de escribir

typewriter

● máquina de frutas

one-armed bandit, fruit machine

● máquina de hacer punto

knitting machine

● máquina de lavar

washing machine

● máquina de nieve

snow machine

● máquina de pesas

weight machine

● máquina de tricotar or tejer

knitting machine

● máquina de viento

wind machine

● máquina escaladora

climbing machine

● máquina expendedora

vending machine

● máquina expendedora de billetes

( Esp) ticket machine

● máquina expendedora de boletos

( AmL) ticket machine

● máquina franqueadora

postage meter ( AmE), franking machine ( BrE)

● máquina tragamonedas

slot machine, fruit machine

● máquina traganíqueles

( Col) slot machine, fruit machine

● máquina tragaperras

( Esp) slot machine, fruit machine

B

1 ( Náut) engine

a toda máquina at top speed, flat out ( colloq)

sala

2 ( Ferr) engine, locomotive

3 ( Ven fam) (auto) car

C (organización) machine

la máquina del partido the party machine

* * *

Del verbo maquinar: ( conjugate maquinar)

maquina es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

Multiple Entries:
maquinar
máquina
maquinar ( conjugate maquinar) verbo transitivo
to plot, scheme
máquina sustantivo femenino
1
a) ( aparato) machine;

◊ ¿se puede lavar a máquina? can it be machine-washed?;

escribir a máquina to type;
máquina de afeitar safety razor;

( eléctrica) electric razor, shaver;
◊ máquina de coser/lavar sewing/washing machine;

máquina de escribir typewriter;
máquina expendedora vending machine;
máquina tragamonedas or (Esp) tragaperras slot machine, fruit machine
b) (Jueg) fruit machine;

(Fot) camera
2
a) (Ferr, Náut) engine

b) (Ven fam) ( auto) car

maquinar verbo transitivo to scheme, plot
máquina sustantivo femenino
1 machine: los botones están cosidos a máquina, the buttons are sewn on by machine
máquina de coser/tabaco, sewing/cigarette machine
máquina de escribir, typewriter
máquina tragaperras, fruit machine
2 fam (coche) car
♦ Locuciones: a toda máquina, at full speed
' máquina' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- agarrotarse
- carro
- cinta
- copiar
- de
- deterioro
- eje
- escribir
- estropear
- estropearse
- expendedor
- expendedora
- fastidiarse
- foto
- frenar
- imprenta
- ingenio
- joderse
- lubricación
- lubrificación
- mano
- margarita
- montaje
- operador
- operadora
- oprimir
- parada
- parado
- probar
- quitanieves
- rebanar
- recambio
- rendimiento
- reparar
- sacar
- segadora
- tabulador
- teclado
- teclear
- zumbar
- activar
- agarrotar
- alimentación
- alimentar
- aparato
- arreglo
- averiado
- batidor
- caja
English:
act up
- action
- adjust
- adjustment
- antiquated
- assemble
- behave
- behavior
- behaviour
- blade
- break
- break down
- broken
- bulldozer
- camera
- control
- custom
- daisywheel
- dead
- dependable
- disable
- dispenser
- efficiency
- efficient
- electronic
- frame
- fruit machine
- go off
- go on
- handle
- harvester
- high-powered
- hum
- idle
- idleness
- jukebox
- loud
- machine
- machine code
- machine-washable
- maintain
- one-armed bandit
- operate
- operation
- operator
- order
- output
- pack up
- performance
- play up

* * *

máquina nf

1. [aparato] machine;

coser a máquina to machine-sew;

escribir a máquina to type;

escrito a máquina typewritten;

hecho a máquina machine-made;

lavar a máquina to machine-wash;

pasar algo a máquina to type sth out o up;

Comp
Fam
ser una máquina [muy rápido, muy bueno] to be a powerhouse

Comp
máquina de afeitar electric razor;
máquina de bebidas drinks machine, US drink vending machine;

máquina de café (espresso) coffee machine;

máquina de cambios change machine;

máquina de coser sewing-machine;

máquina de discos [en bar] jukebox;

máquina destructora de documentos document shredder;

máquina de escribir typewriter;

máquina expendedora vending machine;

máquina fotográfica camera;

máquina de fotos camera;

máquina herramienta machine tool;

máquina de oficina office machine;

máquina quitanieves snowplough;

máquina registradora cash register;

máquina de tabaco cigarette machine;

máquina del tiempo time machine;

máquina voladora flying machine

2. [para jugar]
jugar a las máquinas to play on the slot machines o Br fruit machines

Comp
máquina de azar slot machine, Br fruit machine;
máquina de marcianos Space Invaders® machine;

máquina recreativa arcade machine;
Am máquina tragamonedas slot machine, Br fruit machine; Esp máquina tragaperras slot machine, Br fruit machine
3. [locomotora] engine

Comp
máquina de vapor steam engine
4. [en buque] engine;

sala de máquinas engine room;
también Fig
a toda máquina at full pelt o tilt;
Fig
no fuerces la máquina don't overdo it

5. [de estado, partido] machinery

6. Fam [vehículo] [moto] (motor)bike;
[bicicleta] bike; [automóvil] wheels, Br motor
7. Cuba [automóvil] car

* * *

máquina

f

1 machine

2 FERR locomotive;

a toda máquina at top speed

3 C.Am., Carib

car

4

:

pasar algo a máquina type sth

* * *

máquina nf

1) : machine

máquina de coser: sewing machine

máquina de escribir: typewriter

2) locomotora: engine, locomotive

3) : machine (in politics)

4)

a toda máquina : at full speed

* * *

máquina n

1. (en general) machine

2. (tren) engine

escribir a máquina to type

máquina de afeitar shaver

máquina de coser sewing machine

máquina de escribir typewriter

máquina de fotos camera

máquina de vapor steam engine

Spanish-English dictionary > máquina
24 esperar

v.

1 to wait (for).

te esperaremos en el aeropuerto we'll meet you at the airport, we'll be waiting for you at the airport

esperar a que alguien haga algo to wait for somebody to do something

espera, que ya voy wait a minute, I'm coming

quien espera desespera (Prov) a watched pot never boils

Elsa espera pacientemente Elsa waits patiently.

2 to hope (tener esperanza de).

espero poder ayudar I hope I can be of some help

esperar que to hope that

espero que sí/no I hope so/not

esperar hacer algo to hope to do something

Esperamos que suceda lo mejor We hope for the best.

3 to expect (tener confianza en).

no esperábamos esta reacción we didn't expect this reaction

esperar algo de alguien to expect something from somebody, to hope for something from somebody

como era de esperar as was to be expected

Elsa espera un milagro Elsa expects a miracle.

4 to await, to be in store for (ser inevitable).

le esperan dificultades many difficulties await him

¡me espera una buena en casa! (informal) I'm in for it when I get home!

5 to wait for, to await, to wait.

Elsa espera el tren Elsa waits for the train.

6 to expect to, to look forward to, to hope to, to be expecting to.

Ellos esperan llegar pronto They hope to arrive soon.

7 to await for, to expect, to watch for.

Ellos esperan la noticia They await for the news.

Me espera una sorpresa A surprise awaits for me.

* * *

esperar

► verbo transitivo

1 (tener esperanza) to hope for, expect

■ esperan un milagro they're hoping for a miracle

■ esperar la gloria to hope for glory

2 (contar, creer) to expect

■ no te esperábamos hasta mañana we didn't expect you till tomorrow

■ llegaron tarde como era de esperar they arrived late as expected

3 (aguardar) to wait for, await

■ espera un momento wait a moment

■ espero a mi padre I'm waiting for my father

4 (desear) to hope

■ espero que cantes I hope you'll sing

■ espero verlo I hope to see him

5 (ser inevitable) to await, be ahead

■ mala noche nos espera there's a bad night ahead

6 figurado (bebé) to expect

► verbo intransitivo

1 to wait

■ esperaré hasta que lleguen I'll wait until they get here

► verbo pronominal esperarse

1 (aguardar) to wait

■ espérense en recepción please wait in reception

2 (creer, contar) to expect

■ se espera que seas puntual you're expected to be punctual

3 (desear) to hope

■ se espera que lo hayan pasado bien we hope you've had a good time

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

en espera de noticias tuyas we hope to hear from you soon

¡espérate sentado! don't hold your breath!, you'll be waiting till the cows come home!

espero que no I hope not

espero que sí I hope so

hacer esperar a alguien to keep somebody waiting

hacerse esperar to keep people waiting

quien espera desespera a watched pot never boils

* * *

verb

1) to wait for, await

2) expect

3) hope

•

- esperarse

* * *

1. VT

1) (=aguardar) [+ tren, persona] to wait for

estaba esperando el avión — I was waiting for the plane

esperaban noticias de los rehenes — they were waiting for o awaiting news of the hostages

fuimos a esperarla a la estación — we went to meet her at the station

nos espera un duro invierno — we've got a hard winter ahead of us

¡la que te espera cuando llegues a casa! — you're (in) for it when you get home!

de aquí te espero * —

un lío de aquí te espero — * a tremendous row *

dijo unas tonterías de aquí te espero — he said some really stupid things

2) (=desear) to hope

espero llegar a tiempo — I hope to arrive on time

eso espero — I hope so

han prometido castigar a los culpables y espero que sea así — they've promised to punish those responsible and I hope they will

- ya nos pagará -espero que sea así — "he'll pay us, you'll see" - "I hope you're right o I hope so"

espero que te haya gustado — I hope you liked it

espero que vengas — I hope you'll come

espero que no sea nada grave — I hope it isn't anything serious

-¿vienen a la fiesta? -espero que sí — "are they coming to the party?" - "I hope so"

-¿crees que se enfadará? -espero que no — "do you think she will be angry?" - "I hope not"

3) (=contar con) to expect

¿esperas visita? — are you expecting someone?

espero su llamada en cualquier momento — I expect his call at any moment

no me esperes antes de las siete — don't expect me before seven

¿acaso esperas que pague yo? — you're not expecting me to pay, are you?

llegaron antes de lo que yo esperaba — they arrived sooner than I expected

esperaban que les pidiera perdón — they were expecting him to apologize

¿qué esperas, que encima te lo agradezca? — don't expect me to thank you for it as well

¿qué puedes esperar de él, después de cómo se ha comportado? — what do you expect from him, after the way he has behaved?

• era de esperar — it was to be expected

era de esperar que eso sucediera — it was to be expected that that would happen

era de esperar que no viniera — it was to be expected that he wouldn't come

• no esperaba menos de ti — I expected nothing o no less of you

llamará cuando menos te lo esperes — he'll call when you least expect it

- esperar algo como agua de mayo

4) [+ bebé]

está esperando un hijo — she's expecting (a baby)

está esperando su primer hijo — she's expecting her first child

2. VI

1) (=aguardar) to wait

esperaré aquí — I'll wait here

¡espera un momento, este no es mi libro! — hold on o wait a minute, this isn't my book!

espera en la puerta, ahora mismo voy — wait at the door, I'm just coming

esperar a o hasta que algn haga algo — to wait for sb to do sth

• hacer esperar a algn — keep sb waiting

su respuesta no se hizo esperar — his answer wasn't long in coming

- esperar desesperando

- espera y verás

- puedes esperar sentado

- el que espera desespera

2)

• esperar en algn — to put one's hopes o trust in sb

esperar en Dios — to trust in God

3.

See:

esperarse
ESPERAR Esperar tiene en inglés varias traducciones, entre las que se encuentran wait (for), await, hope y expect. ► Se traduce por wait ( for ) cuando esperar se refiere al hecho de aguardar la llegada de alguien o de un suceso: Hice el examen hace dos meses y todavía estoy esperando los resultados I took the exam two months ago and I'm still waiting for the results La esperó media hora y después se fue a casa He waited half an hour for her and then went home ► El verbo await es un verbo de uso similar a wait for, aunque no requiere el uso de la preposición y no es muy corriente en inglés moderno: Esperaban ansiosamente la llegada del Rey They eagerly awaited the arrival of the King ► Se traduce por hope cuando deseamos que algo suceda, pero no estamos seguros de si ocurrirá o no: Espero que no se enfade mucho conmigo I hope (that) she won't be very annoyed with me Después de terminar la carrera espero conseguir un buen trabajo I hope to get a good job when I finish university ► Traducimos esperar por expect cuando estamos muy seguros de que algo va a suceder o cuando hay una razón lógica para que algo suceda: Espero aprobar porque el examen me salió muy bien I expect to pass o I expect I'll pass because the exam went very well Ha resultado mejor de lo que esperábamos It was better than we expected Está esperando un niño She's expecting (a baby) Para otros usos y ejemplos ver la entrada
* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) <autobús/persona/acontecimiento> to wait for

la esperé dos horas — I waited for her for two hours

esperaban con impaciencia su llegada — they were really looking forward to her coming

le encanta hacerse esperar — he loves to keep people waiting

¿qué estás esperando para decírselo? — tell him! what are you waiting for?

no me esperes para cenar — don't wait for me to eat

b) ( recibir) to meet

la fuimos a esperar al aeropuerto — we went to meet her at the airport

c) sorpresa to await

su reacción no se hizo esperar — he was swift to react

le espera un futuro difícil — he has a difficult future ahead of him

ya verás la que te espera en casa! — (fam) you'll catch it o you'll be for it when you get home! (colloq)

2)

a) (contar con, prever) to expect

tal como esperábamos — just as we expected

cuando uno menos lo espera — when you least expect it

te espero alrededor de las nueve — I'll expect you around nine

estoy esperando una llamada — I'm expecting a call

esperar que + subj: ¿esperabas que te felicitara? did you expect me to congratulate you?; era de esperar que el proyecto fracasara the project was bound to fail; no esperes que cambie de idea don't expect me to change my mind; esperar algo de alguien/algo to expect something of somebody/something; esperaba otra cosa de ti I expected more of you; de ella no puedes esperar ayuda — don't expect her to help

b) <niño/bebé> to be expecting

está esperando familia — she's expecting

3) ( con esperanza) to hope

eso espero or espero que sí — I hope so

espero que no — I hope not

esperar + inf — to hope to + inf

espero no haberme olvidado de nada — I hope I haven't forgotten anything

esperar que + subj: espero que no llueva/que te guste I hope it doesn't rain/you like it; espero que tengas suerte I wish you luck; esperemos que no sea nada grave — let's hope it's nothing serious
2.
esperar vi

a) ( aguardar) to wait

no podemos esperar más — we can't wait any longer

espera, que bajo contigo — wait a minute o (colloq) hold on, I'll come down with you

esperar a + inf: espera a estar seguro wait until you're sure; esperar (a) que + subj: esperaron (a) que él se fuera para entrar they waited for him to go before they went in; espera (a) que te llamen wait until they call you; esperar sentado (fam): si piensa que lo voy a llamar puede esperar sentado if he thinks I'm going to call him he's got another think coming (colloq); ¿que él cambie de idea? mejor espera sentada him change his mind? some hope!; quien espera desespera — waiting's the worst part

b) embarazada

estar esperando — to be expecting

¿para cuándo espera? — when's the baby due?
3.
esperarse v pron

1) (fam) ( aguardar) to hang on (colloq), to hold on (colloq)

espérate ¿no ves que estoy ocupada? — wait a minute! can't you see I'm busy?

2) (fam) ( prever) to expect

no me esperaba eso de él — I didn't expect that of o from him

quién se lo iba a esperar! — who would have thought it!

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) <autobús/persona/acontecimiento> to wait for

la esperé dos horas — I waited for her for two hours

esperaban con impaciencia su llegada — they were really looking forward to her coming

le encanta hacerse esperar — he loves to keep people waiting

¿qué estás esperando para decírselo? — tell him! what are you waiting for?

no me esperes para cenar — don't wait for me to eat

b) ( recibir) to meet

la fuimos a esperar al aeropuerto — we went to meet her at the airport

c) sorpresa to await

su reacción no se hizo esperar — he was swift to react

le espera un futuro difícil — he has a difficult future ahead of him

ya verás la que te espera en casa! — (fam) you'll catch it o you'll be for it when you get home! (colloq)

2)

a) (contar con, prever) to expect

tal como esperábamos — just as we expected

cuando uno menos lo espera — when you least expect it

te espero alrededor de las nueve — I'll expect you around nine

estoy esperando una llamada — I'm expecting a call

esperar que + subj: ¿esperabas que te felicitara? did you expect me to congratulate you?; era de esperar que el proyecto fracasara the project was bound to fail; no esperes que cambie de idea don't expect me to change my mind; esperar algo de alguien/algo to expect something of somebody/something; esperaba otra cosa de ti I expected more of you; de ella no puedes esperar ayuda — don't expect her to help

b) <niño/bebé> to be expecting

está esperando familia — she's expecting

3) ( con esperanza) to hope

eso espero or espero que sí — I hope so

espero que no — I hope not

esperar + inf — to hope to + inf

espero no haberme olvidado de nada — I hope I haven't forgotten anything

esperar que + subj: espero que no llueva/que te guste I hope it doesn't rain/you like it; espero que tengas suerte I wish you luck; esperemos que no sea nada grave — let's hope it's nothing serious
2.
esperar vi

a) ( aguardar) to wait

no podemos esperar más — we can't wait any longer

espera, que bajo contigo — wait a minute o (colloq) hold on, I'll come down with you

esperar a + inf: espera a estar seguro wait until you're sure; esperar (a) que + subj: esperaron (a) que él se fuera para entrar they waited for him to go before they went in; espera (a) que te llamen wait until they call you; esperar sentado (fam): si piensa que lo voy a llamar puede esperar sentado if he thinks I'm going to call him he's got another think coming (colloq); ¿que él cambie de idea? mejor espera sentada him change his mind? some hope!; quien espera desespera — waiting's the worst part

b) embarazada

estar esperando — to be expecting

¿para cuándo espera? — when's the baby due?
3.
esperarse v pron

1) (fam) ( aguardar) to hang on (colloq), to hold on (colloq)

espérate ¿no ves que estoy ocupada? — wait a minute! can't you see I'm busy?

2) (fam) ( prever) to expect

no me esperaba eso de él — I didn't expect that of o from him

quién se lo iba a esperar! — who would have thought it!

* * *

esperar¹

¹ = await, wait, wait for, hang on, be in store, tarry.

Ex: Comment published so far is favourable, but the code still awaits widespread adoption.

Ex: Otherwise documents will have to wait in cataloguing departments until the record does become available.

Ex: Please accept this from the person who was probably the biggest sceptic in the State of Ohio at the beginning -- if we had waited for this from the start, I think we never would have started.

Ex: ' Hang on a sec, okay?' the senior assistant librarian in charge of serials said as she put the phone down.

Ex: A worse fate is in store for those whose integrated library sustem vendor goes out of business or is bought by another vendor.

Ex: And arming himself with patience and piety he tarried awhile until the hubbub was stilled.

* de aquí te espero = tremendous, humongous [humungous], massive, enormous, gianormous.

* esperamos su repuesta = look forward to + hearing from you.

* esperar con impaciencia = kick + Posesivo + heels.

* esperar el turno de Uno = wait + Posesivo + turn.

* esperar en el futuro = be in store for + Nombre + in the future, future + have in store.

* esperar entre bastidores = wait in + the wings, lurk in + the wings.

* esperar impacientemente = kick + Posesivo + heels.

* esperar sin nada que hacer = kick + Posesivo + heels.

* esperar su momento = wait in + the wings, stand in + the wings, lurk in + the wings.

* esperar su oportunidad = wait in + the wings, stand in + the wings, lurk in + the wings.

* esperar una sorpresa desagradable = rude awakening + be in store, be in for a rude awakening.

* hacer esperar = cool + Posesivo + heels.

* hacer + Pronombre + esperar = keep + Pronombre + waiting.

* lo que espera a = what is on store for.

* lo que nos espera = things to come.

* protesta + no hacerse esperar = cry + ring out.

* ser lo que nos espera = be the shape of things to come.

esperar²

² = call on/upon, expect, hope, count on, look to, bank on.

Ex: The difference is only that an indexer is not usually called upon to appreciate the subtleties of the subject to the same extent as an abstractor.

Ex: In a journal most formal items including articles, essays, discussions and reviews can be expected to be accompanied by an abstract.

Ex: It is hoped that a new ISDS manual and guidelines for bibliographic description will be published in 1986.

Ex: Bookstores can no longer count on customers buying books if there is a more attractive entertainment option.

Ex: Those with more faith than I look to gigantic electronic archives maintained by governments and private companies that will ensure the indefinite survival of the electronic records of humankind.

Ex: Don't bank on it, there can be bright sunshine, hailstones, drizzle, pouring rain and snowflurries in any given hour of the day.

* como cabe esperar = unsurprisingly, as one might expect, as expected.

* como cabía esperar = as expected.

* como cabría esperar = as might be expected, as one might expect.

* como era de esperar = as expected.

* como es de esperar = predictably, not surprisingly, as expected.

* cuando menos te lo esperes = on any given Sunday.

* decir + esperar = express + hope.

* es de esperar = hopefully.

* esperamos sus noticias = look forward to + hearing from you.

* esperando que = in hopeful expectation that.

* esperar con ansiedad = hope for, hold + Posesivo + breath.

* esperar con ansiedad (+ Infinitivo) = look forward to (+ Gerundio).

* esperar con interés (+ Infinitivo), = look forward to (+ Gerundio).

* esperar impacientemente (+ Infinitivo) = look forward to (+ Gerundio).

* esperar lo imposible = shoot (for) + the moon, cry for + the moon, ask for + the moon, reach for + the moon.

* esperar lo peor = expect + the worst.

* esperarse = hold + Posesivo + horses.

* esperarse Algo = come as + no surprise.

* esperar una (gran) sorpresa = be in for a (big) surprise.

* llegar a esperar = come to + expect.

* mucha gente + esperar que = be widely expected.

* que espera demasiado = over expectant.

* salir de donde menos Uno se lo espera = come out of + the woodwork.

* sin esperarlo = out of the blue, like a bolt out of the blue, like a bolt from the blue.

* * *

esperar [A1 ]

vt

A

1 ‹autobús/persona/acontecimiento› to wait for

esperaba el tren/a un amigo he was waiting for the train/a friend

podrías haber esperado un momento más oportuno you could have waited for a better moment

espérame, ya voy wait for me, I'm just coming

la esperé dos horas/en el bar I waited for her for two hours/in the bar

esperaban con impaciencia la llegada de sus amigos they were really looking forward to their friends coming, they couldn't wait for o they were dying for their friends to arrive ( colloq)

le encanta hacerse esperar he loves to keep people waiting

esperar algo/a algn PARA + INF:

¿qué estás esperando para decírselo? tell him! what are you waiting for?

no me esperes para cenar eat without me o don't wait for me to eat

2 (recibir) to meet

la fuimos a esperar al aeropuerto we went to meet her at the airport

¿dónde van a esperar el Año Nuevo? where will you be seeing the New Year in?

3 «sorpresa» to await

la reacción del gobierno no se hizo esperar the government was swift to react

como no salgamos temprano ya sabes lo que nos espera a la salida de Madrid if we don't leave early, you know what problems we'll have o you know what it'll be like trying to leave Madrid

le espera un futuro difícil he has a difficult future ahead of him

¡ya verás la que te espera en casa! ( fam); you'll catch it o you'll be for it when you get home! ( colloq)

B

1 (contar con, prever) to expect

tal como esperábamos just as we expected

cuando uno menos lo espera when you least expect it

ven a cenar, te espero alrededor de las nueve come to dinner, I'll expect you around nine

estoy esperando una llamada de Nueva York I'm expecting a call from New York

esperan un lleno completo they expect a full house

tuvo mayor aceptación de lo que se esperaba it proved to be more popular than had been expected

esperar QUE + SUBJ:

se espera que más de un millón de personas visite la exposición over a million people are expected to visit the exhibition

¿qué esperabas, que te felicitara? what did you expect me to do? congratulate you?

era de esperar que el proyecto fracasara the project was bound to fail, it was only to be expected that the project would fail

no esperes que cambie de idea don't expect me to change my mind

esperar algo DE algn/algo to expect sth OF sb/sth

esperaba otra cosa de ti I expected more of you

no hay que esperar mucho de las conversaciones we shouldn't expect too much of the talks

de ella no puedes esperar ayuda don't expect her to help, you can't expect to get any help from her

2 ‹niño/bebé› to be expecting

esperan el primer hijo para mayo they're expecting their first child in May

está esperando familia she's expecting

C (con esperanza) to hope

¿te vienen a recoger? — eso espero are they coming to collect you? — I hope so

¿quedarán entradas? — espero que sí will there be any tickets left? — I hope so

¿habrá perdido el tren? — espero que no do you think he's missed the train? — I hope not

esperar + INF:

espero poder llegar a la cumbre esta vez I hope to be able to reach the summit this time

espero no haberme olvidado de nada I hope I haven't forgotten anything

esperar QUE + SUBJ:

espero que no llueva/que haga buen tiempo I hope it doesn't rain/the weather's nice

espero que tengas suerte I wish you luck

espero que no me haya mentido I hope he hasn't lied to me

esperemos que no sea nada grave let's hope it's nothing serious

¡y yo que esperaba que estuviera todo listo! and there was I hoping that everything would be ready!

■ esperar

vi

A

1 (aguardar) to wait

lo siento, no podemos esperar más I'm sorry, we can't wait any longer

mientras esperaba corregí los exámenes I corrected the tests while I was waiting

espera, que bajo contigo wait a minute o ( colloq) hold on, I'll come down with you

espere un momento, por favor wait a moment, please

espera un momento ¿tú qué haces aquí? just a moment, what are you doing here?

vamos, que el tren no espera come on, the train won't wait for us

esperar A + INF:

espera a estar seguro antes de hablar con ella wait until you're sure before you talk to her

mejor espero a tener un poco más de dinero ahorrado I'd better wait until I've saved a bit more money

esperar ( A) QUE + SUBJ:

el profesor esperó (a) que hubiera silencio the teacher waited for them to be quiet

tiene que esperar (a) que lo llamen you have to wait for them to call you o until they call you

esperaron (a) que él se fuera para entrar they waited for him to go before they went in

esperar sentado ( fam): si piensa que lo voy a llamar puede esperar sentado if he thinks I'm going to call him he's got another think coming ( colloq)

¿que él cambie de idea? mejor espera sentada him change his mind? some hope! o don't hold your breath! o we could be waiting till the cows come home! ( colloq)

quien espera desespera waiting's the worst part, the waiting gets you down

2

«embarazada»: no sabía que estaba esperando I didn't know she was expecting

¿para cuándo espera? when's the baby due?

quedar esperando ( Chi); to get pregnant

B esperar por ( ant) esperar vt A 1.

■ esperarse

v pron

A ( fam) (aguardar) to hang on ( colloq), to hold on ( colloq)

espérate ¿no ves que estoy ocupada? wait a minute o hang on o hold on! can't you see I'm busy?

B ( fam) (prever) to expect

¿qué te esperabas por ese precio? what did you expect for that price?

no me esperaba esa reacción I hadn't expected her to react like that

¿quién se iba a esperar que saliera elegido él? who would have thought he would be elected?

* * *

esperar ( conjugate esperar) verbo transitivo
1
a) ‹autobús/persona/acontecimiento› to wait for;

◊ ¿qué estás esperando para decírselo? tell him! what are you waiting for?

b) ( recibir) to meet;

◊ la fuimos a esperar al aeropuerto we went to meet her at the airport

c) [ sorpresa] to await;

◊ le espera un futuro difícil he has a difficult future ahead of him

2
a) (contar con, prever) to expect;

◊ tal como esperábamos just as we expected;

cuando uno menos lo espera when you least expect it;
te espero alrededor de las nueve I'll expect you around nine;
¿esperabas que te felicitara? did you expect me to congratulate you?;
era de esperar que el proyecto fracasara the project was bound to fail
b) ‹niño/bebé› to be expecting

3 ( con esperanza) to hope;
eso espero or espero que sí I hope so;
◊ espero que no I hope not;

esperar hacer algo to hope to do sth;
espero que no llueva I hope it doesn't rain;
esperemos que no sea nada grave let's hope it's nothing serious
verbo intransitivo
a) ( aguardar) to wait;

◊ no podemos esperar más we can't wait any longer;

espera a estar seguro wait until you're sure;
esperaron (a) que él se fuera para entrar they waited for him to go before they went in
b) [ embarazada]:

◊ estar esperando to be expecting

esperarse verbo pronominal
1 (fam) ( aguardar) to hang on (colloq), to hold on (colloq)
2 (fam) ( prever) to expect;
◊ ¡quién se lo iba a esperar! who would have thought it!

esperar
I verbo transitivo
1 (aguardar) to wait for: espera un momento, ¿seguro que hablas del mismo Pedro?, wait a minute, are you sure you're talking about the same Peter?
2 (tener esperanza) to hope: espero que todo salga bien, I hope everything turns out well ➣ Ver nota en hope 3 (desear, suponer) to expect
4 fig (un hijo) to expect ➣ Ver nota en expect
II verbo intransitivo to wait: no puedo esperar más, I can't wait any longer
♦ Locuciones: familiar de aquí te espero, incredible, massive: afuera hay un follón de aquí te espero, there's an incredible mess outside
esperar sentado, to have a long wait in store: si creéis que voy a participar en esa locura podéis esperar sentados, if you think that I'm going to have any part of that madness, you'll have to wait a long time
Esperar tiene tres significados básicos, que corresponden a tres verbos ingleses:
Aguardar, en sentido general, se traduce por to wait: Llevo media hora esperándote, I've been waiting for you for half an hour.
Tener esperanza, desear, se traduce por to hope: Espero que vengas mañana. I hope you will come tomorrow. Espero que sí. I hope so.
Suponer, esperar algo sabiendo que es muy probable que ocurra, se traduce por to expect: Espero la visita de un amigo (sabemos que va a venir). I'm expecting a friend to call.
' esperar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acecho
- aguardar
- amabilidad
- cruzarse
- ser
- esperanza
- pelaje
- pendiente
- prometerse
- satisfacción
- como
- esperado
- exigir
- favor
- hacer
- mucho
- preferir
English:
aim
- anticipate
- await
- bargain for
- bargain on
- daydream
- eruption
- expect
- hang about
- hang around
- hang on
- hold off
- hold on
- hope
- magic wand
- sit up
- to
- trust
- wait
- wait about
- wait around
- wind
- would
- bear
- bide
- count
- dark
- delay
- duly
- else
- hang
- hold
- mind
- unprepared
- unrealistic

* * *

esperar

♦ vt

1. [aguardar] to wait for;

esperar el autobús to wait for the bus;

te esperaremos en el aeropuerto we'll meet you at the airport, we'll be waiting for you at the airport;

espéranos un minuto wait for us a minute;

¡espérame, que voy contigo! wait for me, I'm coming with you!;

¿a qué estás esperando? what are you waiting for?;

esperar a que alguien haga algo to wait for sb to do sth;

esperaré a que vuelva I'll wait till she gets back

2. [tener esperanza de]
todos esperamos la victoria we all hope for victory;

esperamos salir al campo el domingo we are hoping to go on a trip to the countryside on Sunday;

espero poder ayudar I hope I can be of some help;

esperar que… to hope that…;

espero que sí/no I hope so/not;

espero que no te hayas ofendido I hope you didn't take offence;

esperamos que no sea nada let's hope it's nothing serious;

ser de esperar: es de esperar que no ocurra ninguna desgracia let's hope nothing terrible happens;

era de esperar que ocurriría esto you could have predicted this would happen;

como era de esperar as was to be expected;

como era de esperar, llovió mucho as was to be expected o as you might expect, there was a lot of rain

3. [tener confianza en] to expect;

no esperábamos esta reacción we didn't expect this reaction;

espero que venga esta noche I expect (that) she'll come tonight;

esperar algo de alguien to expect sth from sb, to hope for sth from sb;

espero discreción de usted I expect discretion from you, I expect you to be discreet;

¿y qué esperabas (de alguien así)? what did you expect (from someone like that)?;

no esperaba menos de él I expected no less of him

4. [ser inminente para] to await, to be in store for;

nos esperan un buen baño y una cama there's a nice warm bath and a bed waiting for us;

le esperan dificultades he's in for some problems, there are problems in store for him;
Fam
¡me espera una buena en casa! I'm in for it when I get home!;
Fam
¡no sabes la o [m5] lo que te espera! you don't know what you're in for!

♦ vi

1. [aguardar] to wait;

espera en este despacho wait in this office;

espera, que ya voy wait a minute, I'm coming;

espera un instante o [m5]momento, ¿no es el famoso Pedro Valverde? hang on o wait a minute, isn't that the famous Pedro Valverde?;

no creo que puedas hacerlo – espera y verás I don't think you'll be able to do it – just (you) wait and see;

su enfado no se hizo esperar it didn't take long for her anger to surface;
Fam
si crees que te voy a dejar dinero, puedes esperar sentado if you think I'm going to lend you some money, you've got another think coming;

hacer esperar a alguien to keep sb waiting, to make sb wait;

me hiciste esperar una hora you kept me waiting (for) an hour;

Prov

quien espera desespera a watched pot never boils

2. [estar embarazada] to be expecting;

está esperando desde hace cuatro meses she's four months pregnant

♦ See also the pronominal verb esperarse

* * *

esperar

I v/t

1 ( aguardar) wait for;

hacerse esperar keep people waiting

2 con esperanza hope;

(así) lo espero I hope so, hopefully;

espero que no I hope not, hopefully not;

es de esperar que it is to be hoped that

3 ( suponer, confiar en) expect

4

:

esperar un hijo be expecting a baby

5

:

de aquí te espero fam incredible fam

II v/i ( aguardar) wait;

puedes esperar sentado you’re in for a long wait

* * *

esperar vt

1) aguardar: to wait for, to await

2) : to expect

3) : to hope

espero poder trabajar: I hope to be able to work

espero que sí: I hope so

esperar vi

: to wait

♦ See also the reflexive verb esperarse

* * *

esperar vb

1. (aguardar) to wait / to wait for

¿hace mucho que esperas? have you been waiting long?

te esperé toda la tarde I waited all afternoon for you

2. (creer, imaginar) to expect

no esperaba que viniera tanta gente I didn't expect so many people to come

las cosas no le fueron tan bien como esperaba things didn't go as well as he'd expected

3. (tener esperanza, desear) to hope

espera ir a la universidad she hopes to go to university

espero que seáis muy felices I hope you'll be very happy

espero que sí I hope so

esperar un niño to be expecting a baby

hacer esperar a alguien to keep somebody waiting

Spanish-English dictionary > esperar
25 Manche

I.

manche¹ [mɑ̃∫]

feminine noun

   a. [de vêtement] sleeve

• à manches courtes short-sleeved

• à manches longues long-sleeved

• sans manches sleeveless

• retrousser ses manches to roll up one's sleeves

• faire la manche (inf) [mendiant] to beg ; [artiste] to perform in the streets

   b. ( = partie) round ; (Bridge) game ; (Tennis) set

• manche décisive tie-break

• on a gagné la première manche we've won the first round

II.

manche² [mɑ̃∫]

1. masculine noun

   a. [d'outil] handle ; (long) shaft ; [d'instrument de musique] neck

• il ne faut pas jeter le manche après la cognée ! don't give up so easily!

   b. ( = incapable) (inf) conduire comme un manche to be a hopeless driver

• tu t'y prends comme un manche ! you're making a real mess of it! (inf)

2. compounds

► manche à balai broomstick ; [d'avion, console de jeux] joystick

* * *
mɑ̃ʃ
nom propre féminin

1) ( mer)

la Manche — the (English) Channel

le tunnel sous la Manche — the Channel tunnel

2) ( département)

la Manche — the Manche

* * *
mɑ̃ʃ nf
GÉOGRAPHIE

la Manche — the Channel, the English Channel

* * *

manche

A nm

1 ( pour tenir) (d'outil, ustensile) handle; (de violon, guitare) neck; ⇒ cognée;

2 (os) ( de gigot) knuckle; ( de côtelette) bone;

3 ○( maladroit) clumsy idiot; peindre/jouer comme un manche to be a hopeless painter/player; il s'y est pris comme un manche he set about it in a clumsy fashion.

B nf

1 Cout sleeve; manche courte/trois-quarts short/three-quarter sleeve; robe à manches courtes/longues short-sleeved/long-sleeved dress; sans manches sleeveless;

2 Jeux, Sport round; ( aux cartes) hand; ( au bridge) game; ( au tennis)† set;

3 ○( quête) faire la manche [baladin] to pass the hat round^GB; [mendiant] to beg.

Composés

manche à air Naut air shaft; Météo wind sock; manche à balai lit broomhandle; ( de sorcière) broomstick; Aviat, Ordinat joystick; ( personne maigre)○ beanpole; manche ballon Mode puff sleeve; manche chauve-souris Mode batwing sleeve; manche gigot Mode leg-of-mutton sleeve; manche à incendie fire hose; manche kimono kimono sleeve; manche montée set-in sleeve; manche raglan raglan sleeve; manche tailleur tailored sleeve; manche à vent Naut air shaft.

Idiomes

être or se mettre du côté du manche○ to be on the winning side; tomber sur un manche○ to hit a snag; avoir qn dans la manche to have sb in one's pocket; se faire tirer par la manche to need coaxing; c'est une autre paire de manches○ it's a different ball game○.

[mɑ̃ʃ] nom propre féminin

1. [mer]

la Manche the (English) Channel

2. [région d'Espagne]

la Manche La Mancha

3. [département]

la Manche the Manche (département in Basse-Normandie; chef-lieu: Saint-Lô, code: 50)

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > Manche
26 via

1. f street, road

fig way

via Marconi Marconi St

lettera f ( per) via aerea airmail letter

Via lattea Milky Way

ricorrere alle vie legali take legal action

in via eccezionale as an exception

per via di by

( a causa di) because of

2. m off, starting signal

sports dare il via give the off

fig dare il via a qualcosa get something under way

3. adv away

andar via go away, leave

via via ( gradualmente) little by little, gradually

( man mano) as (and when)

e così via and so on

via! per scacciare go away!, scram! colloq ( suvvia) come on!

4. prep via, by way of

* * *

via¹ s.f.

1 street; ( anche extraurbana) road: una via lunga, stretta, a long, narrow street; una via piena di negozi, a street full of shops; una via privata, a private road; in che via abiti?, which street do you live in?; abito in via Roma, I live in via Roma; prendi la prima via a destra, take the first street on the right // le antiche vie romane, the ancient Roman roads; la Via Appia, Flaminia, the Appian, Flaminian Way // la Via Crucis, the Way of the Cross // (astr.) la Via Lattea, the Milky Way

2 ( strada, percorso, tragitto) way; ( sentiero) path; ( itinerario) route: via d'acqua, waterway; le grandi vie di comunicazione, the major communication routes; la via più corta per la stazione, the shortest way to the station; aver perso la via di casa, to have lost one's way home; ci incontrammo a mezza via, we met halfway; vieni per questa via, come this way; ne parleremo per via, we can talk about it on the way; aprirsi una via nella foresta, to open up a path through the forest; aprire la via, (fig.) to lead (o to pave) the way // dare ( il segnale di) via libera, to signal 'go'; (ferr.) to signal 'all clear'; (fig.) to give the green light: dare via libera all'esecuzione di un progetto, to give the green light (o the go-ahead) to a project; dare via libera all'entusiasmo, to give free rein to enthusiasm // riportare qlcu. sulla retta via, to put s.o. back on the right track (o on the straight and narrow) // essere in via di guarigione, to be on the road to recovery; un albergo in via di costruzione, a hotel in course of construction // trasmissione via radio, satellite, broadcasting by radio, by satellite // per via aerea, by air; ( di posta) by air mail; treno Milano-Roma via Firenze, Milan-Rome train via Florence // la via della gloria, the path (s) of glory // la via della seta, the Silk Route // la via della droga, the drug route // ( alpinismo) aprire una nuova via, to open a new route

3 ( modo) way; ( mezzo) means: questa è l'ultima via, this is the only way; non c'è via di scampo, d'uscita, there is no way out (o there is no help for it); non c'è via di mezzo, there is no middle course; per nessuna via, by no means; in via amichevole, in a friendly way (o by private contact); in via eccezionale, provvisoria, exceptionally, provisionally; in via diplomatica, through diplomatic channels; per via gerarchica, through official channels; te lo dico in via confidenziale, I'm telling you in confidence; per vie traverse, by underhand means; per altre vie, in other ways // passare alle vie di fatto, to resort to violence // (dir.) adire le vie legali, to take legal steps (o to start legal proceedings) // per via di, che, owing to (o on account of): l'aeroporto è chiuso per via della nebbia, the airport is closed owing to (o because of) fog; si conobbero per via di quel lavoro, they got to know each other through that job

4 ( carriera) career: una laurea che apre molte vie, a degree that opens up many careers; scegliere la via degli affari, to take up a business career

5 (med.): vie respiratorie, respiratory tract (o passage); è una medicina da prendere per via orale, it is a medicine for oral administration; un'iniezione per via intramuscolare, an intramuscular injection

6 (inform.) way: via di accesso ai dati, path; via di informazione, code track; via di smistamento alternativa, alternative path // (tel.) via di trasmissione, channel.

via² avv.

1 ( in unione a voci verbali) away, off: starò via per tutta la settimana, I'll be away all week; in estate siamo via, we're away in the summer; è via da casa, he's away from home; andate via!, go away!; correre, fuggire via, to run away (o off); l'hanno cacciato via, they drove him away; gli ospiti sono già andati via, the guests have already gone away (o have already left); il vento ha spazzato via le nubi, the wind has blown the clouds away; il canarino è volato via, the canary has flown away (o off); i ladri gli hanno portato via tutto, the thieves took away (o off) everything he had // è tempo buttato via, it's a waste of time // un lavoro tirato via, a slapdash piece of work // in questa casa i soldi vanno via che è un piacere, (fam.) in this house we get through money like nobody's business // e così via, e via dicendo, e via di questo passo, and so on (o and so forth) ∙ Per andare via, buttare via, tirare via, venire via ecc. → anche andare, buttare, tirare, venire ecc.

2 ( in espressioni ellittiche, spec. sottintendendo il v. andare): balzò in piedi, e via di corsa!, he jumped up and off he went!; via come una saetta, off like a shot; via di lì!, get away from there!

3 (antiq.) ( con valore moltiplicativo): tre via tre fa nove, three times three is nine

4 via via, ( di mano in mano, di volta in volta): via via che arrivano, mandali da me, send them to me as they arrive; via via che le ore passavano, cresceva l'angoscia, as the hours went by, anxiety increased; il dolore andava via via diminuendo, the pain was gradually subsiding

◆ inter.: via!, (per cacciare qlcu.) off with you!, ( come segnale di partenza) go!; via, coraggio!, come on, cheer up!; via, dimmi quello che sai, come on, tell me what you know; via, non dire queste cose!, come now, don't say such things; non spaventarti, via!, now then, don't be afraid; via, non abbatterti così!, come on, don't be so downhearted!; via, sbrigatevi, è tardi!, come on, hurry up, it's late!; via, non è poi così difficile!, come on, it's not so hard!; eh via, smettetela di piagnucolare!, come on, stop whining!; via, non sono proprio così ingenuo!, come off it, I'm not such a fool!; oh via, basta con le bugie!, for heaven's sake, stop telling lies! // uno, due, tre via!, ( nelle gare) ready, steady, go!

via² s.m. start, starting signal: (sport) essere pronti al via, to be under starter's orders; dare il via, to give the starting signal; scattare al via, to be off to a good start // dare il via a una discussione, to open a debate; dare il via ai lavori, ( iniziarli) to set the work going, ( autorizzarli) to give the go-ahead to the work; quel malinteso diede il via a uno scambio di insulti, that misunderstanding sparked off an exchange of insults.

* * *
I ['via] sf
1) (strada) road, (di città) street, road, (cammino) way, (percorso) route, (sentiero, pista) path, track

abito in una via molto stretta — i live in a very narrow street

abito in via Manzoni 5 — i live at number 5, Via Manzoni

la via dell'oppio — the opium trail

vie di comunicazione — communication routes

che via fai di solito? — what route do you usually take?

sulla via di casa — on one's way home

hai via libera — (a un incrocio) the road is clear

dare via libera a qc fig — to give the green light o the go-ahead

allontanarsi dalla retta via fig — to stray from the straight and narrow

in via di guarigione — on the road to recovery

paese in via di sviluppo — developing country

la sua laurea gli apre molte vie — his degree offers him many possibilities

2) (mezzo) way, means, (procedimento) channels pl, (fig : modo) way

tentare tutte le vie — to try everything possible

per vie traverse — by underhand means

non avevo altra via — I had no alternative

non c'è via di scampo o d'uscita — there's no way out

via di mezzo — halfway

è una via di mezzo tra... — it's halfway between...

non c'è via di mezzo — there's no middle ground

scegliere la via di mezzo — to compromise

te lo dico in via privata o confidenziale — I'm telling you in confidence, (ufficiosamente) I'm telling you unofficially

in via eccezionale — as an exception

in via provvisoria — provisionally

in via amichevole — in a friendly manner

comporre una disputa in via amichevole Dir — to settle a dispute out of court

adire le vie legali — to take legal proceedings

le vie del Signore — the ways of the Lord

passare alle vie di fatto — to resort to violence

per via aerea — by air

spedire per via aerea — to send by airmail

via satellite — by satellite

via Dover — via Dover

per via di — because of, on account of

3) Anat tract

le vie respiratorie — the respiratory tracts

per via orale Med — orally

4) Astron

la Via Lattea — the Milky Way
II ['via]
1. avv

1) (allontanamento) away, (temporaneo) out

buttare o gettare via qc — to throw sth away

l'ho buttato via — i threw it away

tagliare via — to cut off o away

dare via qc — to give sth away

è andato via — (per poco tempo) he has gone out, (per molto tempo) he has gone away

sono stato via per 3 settimane — I was away for three weeks

vai via! — go away!, clear off! fam

questa macchia non va via — this mark won't come out

2)

(eccetera) e così via — and so on

e via dicendo; e via di questo passo — and so on (and so forth)

3)

via via — (pian piano) gradually

via via che — (man mano) as

2.

via da prep — away from

non andare via da me — don't leave me

3. escl

(suvvia) come on!, (allontanati) go away!, (a un animale) shoo!

pronti, via! — ready, steady, go!

4. sm

Sport (signal to) start, starting signal

dare il via — to start the race, give the starting signal

quando darai il via? — when are you going to give the starting signal?

dare il via a un progetto — to give the green light to a project

hanno dato il via ai lavori — they've begun o started work

* * *
['via] I
sostantivo femminile

1) (strada) road; (di città) street

le -e di Londra — the streets of London

la Via Appia — the Appian Way

via principale — high o main street

via laterale — side street

sulla pubblica via — on the public highway

2) (tragitto, percorso) way

sulla via del ritorno — on one's way back

prendere la via più lunga — to take the long way round

andare da Torino a Roma via Bologna — (passando per) to go from Turin to Rome via Bologna

3) fig. (percorso)

essere sulla via della perdizione — to be on the road to perdition

la via del successo — the gateway to success

seguire, allontanarsi dalla retta via — to keep to, to stray from the straight and narrow

scegliere una via di mezzo — to take o follow a middle course

né rosso né arancione, ma una via di mezzo — neither red nor orange but somewhere (in) between

4) (mezzo, maniera) way

non c'è via di scampo — there's no way out

5) (fase)

in via di completamento — nearing completion

in via di guarigione — on the road to recovery

specie in via d'estinzione — endangered species

paese in via di sviluppo — developing country

6) (modo di procedere)

per via diplomatica — through diplomatic channels

per -e traverse — by roundabout means

per via legale — through a law suit

7) med. (mezzo di somministrazione)

per via orale, endovenosa — orally, intravenously

8) anat. duct

- e respiratorie — respiratory tract

- e urinarie — urinary passage

9) per via di because of, owing to

•

"per via aerea" — "by airmail"

via di comunicazione — transport link

la Via Lattea — the Milky Way

via maestra — high Street GB, main Street US

(passare alle) -e di fatto — dir. (to resort to) force

••

le -e del Signore sono infinite — God moves in mysterious ways
II 1.
avverbio

1) (unito a voci verbali) away, off

andare via — to go away; [ luce] to go off

buttare via qcs. — to throw sth. away

dare via qcs. — to give sth. away

venire via — [etichetta, vernice, bottone] to come off

2) via via (man mano)

via via inventava delle spiegazioni — he was making up explanations as he went along

via via che la serata proseguiva... — as the evening went on...

il tuo inglese va via via migliorando — your English is improving little by little
2.
sostantivo maschile invariabile

1) (partenza) start; (segnale) starting signal

al via — at the start

dare il via — to give the starting signal

2) fig.

dare il via a qcs. — to give sth. the go-ahead
3.
interiezione

1) (di incoraggiamento, incitamento) come on; (di allontanamento)

via (di qui)! — go away! (di stupore, incredulità)

via, non può essere vero — get away, it can't be true

2) (comando di partenza)

uno, due, tre, via! — one, two, three, go!

ai vostri posti, pronti, via! — ready, steady, go!

••

e così via, e via dicendo, e via di questo passo o di seguito — and so on

* * *

via¹

/'via/

sostantivo f.

1 (strada) road; (di città) street; le -e di Londra the streets of London; la Via Appia the Appian Way; via principale high o main street; via laterale side street; sulla pubblica via on the public highway

2 (tragitto, percorso) way; sulla via del ritorno on one's way back; prendere la via più lunga to take the long way round; andare da Torino a Roma via Bologna (passando per) to go from Turin to Rome via Bologna

3 fig. (percorso) essere sulla via della perdizione to be on the road to perdition; la via del successo the gateway to success; seguire, allontanarsi dalla retta via to keep to, to stray from the straight and narrow; scegliere una via di mezzo to take o follow a middle course; né rosso né arancione, ma una via di mezzo neither red nor orange but somewhere (in) between

4 (mezzo, maniera) way; non c'è via di scampo there's no way out

5 (fase) in via di completamento nearing completion; in via di guarigione on the road to recovery; specie in via d'estinzione endangered species; paese in via di sviluppo developing country

6 (modo di procedere) per via diplomatica through diplomatic channels; per -e traverse by roundabout means; per via legale through a law suit

7 med. (mezzo di somministrazione) per via orale, endovenosa orally, intravenously

8 anat. duct; - e respiratorie respiratory tract; - e urinarie urinary passage

9 per via di because of, owing to

IDIOMS

le -e del Signore sono infinite God moves in mysterious ways

\

COMPOUNDS

"per via aerea" "by airmail"; via di comunicazione transport link; la Via Lattea the Milky Way; via maestra high Street GB, main Street US; (passare alle) -e di fatto dir. (to resort to) force.

————————

via²

/'via/

I avverbio

1 (unito a voci verbali) away, off; andare via to go away; [ luce] to go off; buttare via qcs. to throw sth. away; dare via qcs. to give sth. away; venire via [etichetta, vernice, bottone] to come off

2 via via (man mano) via via inventava delle spiegazioni he was making up explanations as he went along; via via che la serata proseguiva... as the evening went on...; il tuo inglese va via via migliorando your English is improving little by little

II m.inv.

1 (partenza) start; (segnale) starting signal; al via at the start; dare il via to give the starting signal

2 fig. dare il via a qcs. to give sth. the go-ahead

III interiezione

1 (di incoraggiamento, incitamento) come on; (di allontanamento) via (di qui)! go away! (di stupore, incredulità) via, non può essere vero get away, it can't be true

2 (comando di partenza) uno, due, tre, via! one, two, three, go! ai vostri posti, pronti, via! ready, steady, go!

IDIOMS

e così via, e via dicendo, e via di questo passo o di seguito and so on.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > via
27 система

complex, chain, installation, method, repertoire вчт., repertory, structure, system

* * *
систе́ма ж.
system
дубли́ровать систе́му — duplicate a system

отла́живать систе́му — tune up a system

систе́ма функциони́рует норма́льно киб. — the system is well-behaved

авари́йная систе́ма ав. — emergency system

систе́ма авари́йного покида́ния ( самолёта) — escape system

автомати́ческая систе́ма — automatic system

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования [САР] — automatic-control system of the regulator(y) type

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования, де́йствующая по отклоне́нию — error-actuated control system

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования, за́мкнутая — closed-loop control system

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования, и́мпульсная — sampling control system

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования, многоё́мкостная — multicapacity control system

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования, многоко́нтурная — multiloop control system

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования, многоме́рная — multivariable control system

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования, програ́ммная — time-pattern control system

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования, разо́мкнутая — open-loop control system

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования следя́щего ти́па — servo-operation control system

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования со случа́йными возде́йствиями, и́мпульсная — random-input sampled-data system

систе́ма автомати́ческого регули́рования со стабилиза́цией (проце́сса) — regulator-operation control system

систе́ма автомати́ческого управле́ния [САУ] — automatic-control system

систе́ма автомати́ческого управле́ния, цифрова́я — digital control system

систе́ма автоподстро́йки частоты́ [АПЧ] — AFC system

систе́ма АПЧ захва́тывает частоту́ — the AFC system locks on to the (desired) frequency

систе́ма АПЧ осуществля́ет по́иск частоты́ — the AFC system searches for the (desired) frequency

систе́ма автоподстро́йки частоты́, фа́зовая [ФАПЧ] — phase-lock loop, PLL

агрега́тная, унифици́рованная систе́ма ( советская система пневматических средств автоматики) — standard-module pneumatic instrumentation system

адапти́вная систе́ма — adaptive system

апериоди́ческая систе́ма — critically damped system

асинхро́нная систе́ма — asynchronous system

астати́ческая систе́ма — zero-constant-error system

астати́ческая систе́ма второ́го поря́дка — Type 2 [zero-velocity-error] system

астати́ческая систе́ма пе́рвого поря́дка — Type 1 [zero-position-error] system

систе́ма без резерви́рования — non-redundant system

систе́ма блокиро́вки ( радиационной установки) — interlock system

систе́ма ва́ла ( в допусках и посадках) — the basic shaft system

вентиляцио́нная систе́ма — ventilation system

вентиляцио́нная, вытяжна́я систе́ма — exhaust ventilation system

взаи́мные систе́мы — mutual systems

систе́ма водоснабже́ния — water(-supply) system

систе́ма водоснабже́ния, оборо́тная — circulating [closed-circuit] water system

систе́ма водоснабже́ния, прямото́чная — once-through [run-of-river cooling] system

систе́ма возду́шного отопле́ния — warm-air heating system

систе́ма воспроизведе́ния ( записи) — reproduction system

систе́ма впры́ска двс. — injection system

систе́ма впры́ска, предка́мерная двс. — antechamber system of injection

систе́ма впу́ска двс. — induction [intake] system

систе́ма вы́борки вчт. — selection system

вытяжна́я систе́ма — exhaust system

вычисли́тельная систе́ма — computer [computing] system

вычисли́тельная, многома́шинная систе́ма — multicomputer system

систе́ма генера́тор — дви́гатель — Ward-Leonard speed-control system

гибри́дная систе́ма — hybrid system

систе́ма громкоговоря́щей свя́зи — public-address [personnel-address, PA] system

грузова́я систе́ма мор. — cargo (handling) system

двухкомпоне́нтная систе́ма хим. — two-component [binary] system

двухни́точная систе́ма тепл. — two-flow system

двухпроводна́я систе́ма эл. — two-wire system

двухэлектро́дная систе́ма ( электроннооптического преобразователя) — self-focusing (diod) system

диспе́рсная систе́ма — disperse system

диссипати́вная систе́ма — dissipative system

систе́ма дистанцио́нного управле́ния — remote control system

диффере́нтная систе́ма мор. — trim system

дифференциа́льная систе́ма тлф. — hybrid set

систе́ма дождева́ния — sprinkling system

систе́ма до́пусков — tolerance system

систе́ма до́пусков, двусторо́нняя [симметри́чная], преде́льная — bilateral system of tolerances

систе́ма до́пусков и поса́док — system [classification] of fits and tolerances

систе́ма до́пусков, односторо́нняя [асимметри́чная], преде́льная — unilateral system of tolerances

систе́ма дрена́жа ( топливных баков) ав. — vent system

систе́ма едини́ц — system of units

систе́ма едини́ц, междунаро́дная [СИ] — international system of units, SI

систе́ма едини́ц МКГСС уст. — MKGSS [metre-kilogram(me)-force-second ] system (of units)

систе́ма едини́ц МКС — MKS [metre-kilogram(me)-second ] system (of units)

систе́ма едини́ц МКСА — MKSA [metre-kilogram(me)-mass-second-ampere ] system (of units), absolute practical system of units

систе́ма едини́ц МКСГ — MKSG [metre-kilogram(me)-force-second-kelvin ] system (of units)

систе́ма едини́ц МСС — MSC [metre-second-candela] system (of units)

систе́ма едини́ц МТС — MTS [metre-ton-second] system (of units)

систе́мы едини́ц СГС — CGS [centimetre-gram(me)-second ] systems (of units)

систе́ма едини́ц, техни́ческая — engineer's system of units

же́зловая систе́ма ж.-д. — staff system

систе́ма жизнеобеспе́чения косм. — life-support (and survival) system

систе́ма жизнеобеспе́чения, автоно́мная — back-pack life-support system

систе́ма зажига́ния — ignition system

систе́ма зажига́ния, полупроводнико́вая — transistor(ized) ignition system

систе́ма зажига́ния, электро́нная — electronic ignition system

систе́ма заземле́ния — earth [ground] network

замедля́ющая систе́ма — ( в электровакуумных устройствах СВЧ) slow-wave structure; ( волноводная) slow-wave guide; ( коаксиальная) wave delay line

замедля́ющая, встре́чно-стержнева́я систе́ма — interdigital [interdigitated] slow-wave structure

замедля́ющая, гребе́нчатая систе́ма — vane-line slow-wave structure, finned slow-wave guide

замедля́ющая, спира́льная систе́ма — helical slow-wave structure

за́мкнутая систе́ма — closed system

систе́ма за́писи вчт. — writing system

запомина́ющая систе́ма вчт. — storage system

систе́ма затопле́ния мор. — flood(ing) system

систе́ма захо́да на поса́дку по кома́ндам с земли́ ав. — ground-controlled-approach [GCA] system

зачи́стная систе́ма ( танкера) — stripping system

систе́ма зерка́л Фабри́—Перо́ — Fabry-Perot [FP] mirror system

зерка́льно-ли́нзовая систе́ма ( в микроскопе) — catadioptric system

систе́ма золоудале́ния — ash-handling system

систе́ма зо́льников кож. — lime yard, lime round

изоли́рованная систе́ма — isolated system

систе́ма индивидуа́льного вы́зова свз. — paging system

инерциа́льная систе́ма — inertial system

информацио́нная систе́ма — information system

информацио́нно-поиско́вая систе́ма — information retrieval system

исхо́дная систе́ма — prototype [original] system

канализацио́нная систе́ма — sewer(age) system

канализацио́нная, общесплавна́я систе́ма — combined sewer(age) system

канализацио́нная, разде́льная систе́ма — separate sewer(age) system

систе́ма коди́рования — coding system

колеба́тельная систе́ма — (преим. механическая) vibratory [vibrating] system; ( немеханическая) oscillatory [resonant] system

колеба́тельная, многорезона́торная систе́ма ( магнетрона) — multiple-cavity resonator

колориметри́ческая трёхцве́тная систе́ма — three-colour photometric system

систе́ма кома́нд ЭВМ — instruction set of a computer, computer instruction set

систе́ма координа́т — coordinate system

свя́зывать систе́му координа́т с … — tie in a coordinate system with …, tie coordinate system to …

систе́ма координа́т, инерциа́льная — inertial frame

систе́ма координа́т, лаборато́рная — laboratory coordinate system, laboratory frame of reference

систе́ма координа́т, ле́вая — left-handed coordinate system

систе́ма координа́т, ме́стная — local (coordinate) system

систе́ма координа́т, поко́ящаяся — rest (coordinate) system

систе́ма координа́т, пото́чная аргд. — (relative) wind coordinate system

систе́ма координа́т, пра́вая — right-handed coordinate system

систе́ма координа́т, свя́занная с дви́жущимся те́лом — body axes (coordinate) system

систе́ма координа́т, свя́занная с Землё́й — fixed-in-the-earth (coordinate) system

систе́ма корре́кции гироско́па — gyro monitor, (long-term) reference

систе́ма корре́кции гироско́па, магни́тная — magnetic gyro monitor, magnetic reference

систе́ма корре́кции гироско́па, ма́ятниковая — gravity gyro monitor, gravity reference

систе́ма криволине́йных координа́т — curvilinear coordinate system

курсова́я систе́ма ав. — directional heading [waiting] system

ли́тниковая систе́ма — gating [pouring gate] system

магни́тная систе́ма — magnetic system

систе́ма ма́ссового обслу́живания — queueing [waiting] system

систе́ма ма́ссового обслу́живания, сме́шанная — combined loss-delay queueing [waiting] system

систе́ма ма́ссового обслу́живания с ожида́нием — delay queueing [waiting] system

систе́ма ма́ссового обслу́живания с отка́зами — congestion queueing [waiting] system

систе́ма ма́ссового обслу́живания с поте́рями — loss-type queueing [waiting] system

мени́сковая систе́ма — meniscus [Maksutov] system

систе́ма мер, метри́ческая — metric system

систе́ма мер, типогра́фская — point system

механи́ческая систе́ма — mechanical system

механи́ческая, несвобо́дная систе́ма — constrained material system

систе́ма мно́гих тел — many-body system

многокана́льная систе́ма свз. — multichannel system

многокомпоне́нтная систе́ма — multicomponent system

многоме́рная систе́ма — multivariable system

модели́руемая систе́ма — prototype system

мо́дульная систе́ма — modular system

мультипле́ксная систе́ма — multiplex system

систе́ма набо́ра ( корпуса судна) — framing system

систе́ма набо́ра, кле́тчатая — cellular framing system

систе́ма набо́ра, попере́чная — transverse framing system

систе́ма набо́ра, продо́льная — longitudinal framing system

систе́ма набо́ра, сме́шанная — mixed framing system

систе́ма навига́ции — navigation system

систе́ма навига́ции, автоно́мная — self-contained navigation system

систе́ма навига́ции, гиперболи́ческая — hyperbolic navigation system

систе́ма навига́ции, дальноме́рная — rho-rho [ - ] navigation system

систе́ма навига́ции, дальноме́рно-угломе́рная — rho-theta [ - ] navigation system

систе́ма навига́ции, кругова́я — rho-rho [ - ] navigation system

систе́ма навига́ции, ра́зностно-дальноме́рная [РДНС] — hyperbolic navigation system

систе́ма навига́ции, угломе́рная — theta-theta [ - ] navigation system

систе́ма на стру́йных элеме́нтах, логи́ческая — fluid logic system

систе́ма нумера́ции тлф. — numbering scheme

систе́ма обду́ва стё́кол авто, автмт. — demister

систе́ма обнаруже́ния оши́бок ( в передаче данных) свз. — error detection system

систе́ма обогре́ва стё́кол авто, ав. — defroster

систе́ма обозначе́ний — notation, symbolism

систе́ма обозначе́ний Междунаро́дного нау́чного радиообъедине́ния — URSI symbol system

систе́ма обозначе́ния про́бы, кара́тная — carat test sign system

систе́ма обозначе́ния про́бы, метри́ческая — metric test sign system

обора́чивающая систе́ма опт. — erecting [inversion (optical)] system

обора́чивающая, при́зменная систе́ма опт. — prism-erecting (optical) system

систе́ма обрабо́тки да́нных — data processing [dp] system

систе́ма обрабо́тки да́нных в реа́льном масшта́бе вре́мени — real time data processing system

систе́ма обрабо́тки да́нных, операти́вная — on-line data processing system

систе́ма обрабо́тки отхо́дов — waste treatment system

систе́ма объё́много пожаротуше́ния мор. — fire-smothering system

одноотка́зная систе́ма — fall-safe system

опти́ческая систе́ма — optical system, optical train

опти́ческая, зерка́льно-ли́нзовая систе́ма — catadioptric system

систе́ма ориента́ции ав. — attitude control system

ороси́тельная систе́ма — irrigation system, irrigation project

систе́ма ороше́ния мор. — sprinkling system

систе́ма освеще́ния — lighting (system)

осуши́тельная систе́ма мор. — drain(age) system

систе́ма отбо́ра во́здуха от компре́ссора — compressor air-bleed system

систе́ма отве́рстия ( в допусках и посадках) — the basic hole system

отклоня́ющая систе́ма ( в ЭЛТ) — deflecting system, deflection yoke

отклоня́ющая, ка́дровая систе́ма — vertical (deflection) yoke

отклоня́ющая, магни́тная систе́ма — magnetic (deflection) yoke

отклоня́ющая, стро́чная систе́ма — horizontal [line] (deflection) yoke

систе́ма относи́тельных едини́ц — per-unit system

отопи́тельная систе́ма — heating system

отопи́тельная систе́ма с разво́дкой све́рху — down-feed heating system

отопи́тельная систе́ма с разво́дкой сни́зу — up-feed heating system

систе́ма отсчё́та — frame of reference, (reference) frame, reference system

систе́ма отсчё́та, инерциа́льная — inertial frame of reference

систе́ма охлажде́ния — cooling system

систе́ма охлажде́ния, возду́шная — air-cooling system

систе́ма охлажде́ния, жи́дкостная — liquid-cooling system

систе́ма охлажде́ния, испари́тельная — evaporative cooling system

систе́ма охлажде́ния, каска́дная — cascade refrigeration system

систе́ма охлажде́ния непосре́дственным испаре́нием холоди́льного аге́нта — direct expansion system

систе́ма охлажде́ния, пане́льная — panel cooling system

систе́ма охлажде́ния, рассо́льная, двухтемперату́рная — dual-temperature brine refrigeration system

систе́ма охлажде́ния, рассо́льная, закры́тая — closed brine cooling system

систе́ма охлажде́ния, рассо́льная, с испаре́нием — brine spray cooling system

систе́ма охлажде́ния с теплозащи́тной руба́шкой — jacketed cooling system

систе́ма очи́стки воды́ — water purification system

систе́ма па́мяти — memory [storage] system

систе́ма парашю́та, подвесна́я — parachute harness

систе́ма переда́чи да́нных — data transmission system

систе́ма переда́чи да́нных с обра́тной свя́зью — information feedback data transmission system

систе́ма переда́чи да́нных с коммута́цией сообще́ний и промежу́точным хране́нием — store-and-forward data network

систе́ма переда́чи да́нных с реша́ющей обра́тной свя́зью — decision feedback data transmission system

систе́ма переда́чи и́мпульсов набо́ра, шле́йфная тлф. — loop dialling system

систе́ма переда́чи на одно́й боково́й полосе́ и пода́вленной несу́щей — single-sideband suppressed-carrier [SSB-SC] system

систе́ма переда́чи на одно́й боково́й полосе́ с осла́бленной несу́щей — single-sideband reduced carrier [SSB-RC] system

систе́ма пита́ния двс. — fuel system

систе́ма пита́ния котла́ — boiler-feed piping system

систе́ма питьево́й воды́ мор. — drinking-water [portable-water] system

систе́ма пода́чи то́плива, вытесни́тельная — pressure feeding system

систе́ма пода́чи то́плива самотё́ком — gravity feeding system

систе́ма пода́чи то́плива, турбонасо́сная — turbopump feeding system

подви́жная систе́ма ( измерительного прибора) — moving element (movement не рекомендован соответствующими стандартами)

систе́ма пожа́рной сигнализа́ции — fire-alarm system

систе́ма пожаротуше́нения — fire-extinguishing system

систе́ма поса́дки — landing system

систе́ма поса́дки по прибо́рам — instrument landing system (сокращение ILS относится к международной системе, советская система обозначается СП — instrument landing system)

систе́ма проду́вки авто — scavenging system

противообледени́тельная систе́ма ав. — ( для предотвращения образования льда) anti-icing [ice protection] system; ( для удаления образовавшегося льда) de-icing system

противопожа́рная систе́ма — fire-extinguishing system

противото́чная систе́ма — counter-current flow system

систе́ма прямо́го перено́са ( электроннооптического преобразователя) — proximity focused system

прямото́чная систе́ма — direct-flow system

систе́ма прямоуго́льных координа́т — Cartesian [rectangular] coordinate system

систе́ма, рабо́тающая в и́стинном масшта́бе вре́мени — real-time system

радиолокацио́нная, втори́чная систе́ма УВД — ( для работы внутри СССР) SSR system; ( отвечающая нормам ИКАО) ICAO SSR system

радиолокацио́нная систе́ма с электро́нным скани́рованием — electronic scanning radar system, ESRS

радиомая́чная систе́ма — radio range

радиомая́чная, многокана́льная систе́ма — multitrack radio range

систе́ма радионавига́ции — radio-navigation system (см. тж. система навигации)

развё́ртывающая систе́ма тлв. — scanning system

систе́ма разрабо́тки — mining system, method of mining

распредели́тельная систе́ма — distribution system

регенерати́вная систе́ма тепл. — feed heating system

резерви́рованная систе́ма — redundant system

систе́ма ремне́й, подвесна́я ( респиратора) — harness

систе́ма ру́бок лес. — cutting system

самонастра́ивающаяся систе́ма — self-adjusting system

самообуча́ющаяся систе́ма киб. — learning system

самоорганизу́ющаяся систе́ма — self-organizing system

самоприспоса́бливающаяся систе́ма киб. — adaptive system

самоуравнове́шивающаяся систе́ма — self-balancing system

самоусоверше́нствующаяся систе́ма — evolutionary system

санита́рная систе́ма мор. — sanitary system

систе́ма свя́зи — communication system

сопряга́ть систе́му свя́зи, напр. с ЭВМ — interface a communication network with, e. g., a computer

уплотня́ть систе́му свя́зи телегра́фными кана́лами — multiplex telegraph channels on a communication link

систе́ма свя́зи, асинхро́нная — asyncronous communication system

систе́ма свя́зи, двои́чная — binary communication system

систе́ма свя́зи, многокана́льная — multi-channel communication system

систе́ма свя́зи на метео́рных вспы́шках — meteor burst [meteor-scatter] communication system

систе́ма свя́зи, разветвлё́нная — deployed communication system

систе́ма свя́зи с испо́льзованием да́льнего тропосфе́рного рассе́яния — troposcatter communication system

систе́ма свя́зи с испо́льзованием ионосфе́рного рассе́яния — ionoscatter communication system

систе́ма свя́зи с переспро́сом — ARQ communication system

систе́ма свя́зи, уплотнё́нная — multiplex communication system

систе́ма свя́зи, уплотнё́нная, с временны́м разделе́нием сигна́лов — time division multiplex [TDM] communication system

систе́ма свя́зи, уплотнё́нная, с разделе́нием по ко́дам — code-division multiplex(ing) communication system

систе́ма свя́зи, уплотнё́нная, с часто́тным разделе́нием сигна́лов — frequency division multiplex [FDM] communication system

сельси́нная систе́ма — synchro system

сельси́нная систе́ма в индика́торном режи́ме — synchro-repeater [direct-transmission synchro] system

сельси́нная систе́ма в трансформа́торном режи́ме — synchro-detector [control-transformer synchro] system

сельси́нная, двухотсчё́тная систе́ма — two-speed [coarse-fine] synchro system

сельси́нная, дифференциа́льная систе́ма — differential synchro system

сельси́нная, одноотсчё́тная систе́ма — singlespeed synchro system

систе́ма сил — force system

систе́ма синхрониза́ции — timing [synchronizing] mechanism

синхро́нная систе́ма — synchronous system

следя́щая систе́ма — servo (system)

следя́щая, позицио́нная систе́ма — positional servo (system)

следя́щая систе́ма с не́сколькими входны́ми возде́йствиями — multi-input servo (system)

следя́щая систе́ма с предваре́нием — predictor servo (system)

систе́ма слеже́ния — tracking system

систе́ма слеже́ния по да́льности — range tracking system

систе́ма слеже́ния по ско́рости измене́ния да́льности — range rate tracking system

систе́ма сма́зки — lubrication (system)

систе́ма сма́зки, принуди́тельная — force(-feed) lubrication (system)

систе́ма сма́зки, разбры́згивающая — splash lubrication (system)

сма́зочная систе́ма — lubrication (system)

систе́ма с мно́гими переме́нными — multivariable system

систе́ма сниже́ния шу́ма — noise reduction system

систе́ма с обра́тной свя́зью — feedback system

Со́лнечная систе́ма — solar system

систе́ма сопровожде́ния — tracking system

систе́ма со свобо́дными пове́рхностями — unbounded system

систе́ма с пара́метрами, изменя́ющимися во вре́мени — time variable [time-variant] system

систе́ма с постоя́нным резерви́рованием — parallel-redundant system

систе́ма с разделе́нием вре́мени — time-sharing system

систе́ма с распределё́нными пара́метрами — distributed parameter system

систе́ма с самоизменя́ющейся структу́рой — self-structuring system

систе́ма с сосредото́ченными пара́метрами — lumped-parameter [lumped-constant] system

стати́ческая систе́ма — киб. constant-error system; ( в следящих системах) type O servo system

систе́ма, стати́чески неопредели́мая мех. — statically indeterminate system

систе́ма, стати́чески определи́мая мех. — statically determinate system

систе́ма стира́ния ( записи) — erasing system

стохасти́ческая систе́ма — stochastic system

сто́чная систе́ма мор. — deck drain system

судова́я систе́ма — ship system

систе́ма с фикси́рованными грани́цами — bounded system

систе́ма счисле́ния — number(ing) system, notation

систе́ма счисле́ния, восьмери́чная — octal number system, octonary notation

систе́ма счисле́ния, двенадцатери́чная — duodecimal number system, duodecimal notation

систе́ма счисле́ния, двои́чная — binary system, binary notation

систе́ма счисле́ния, двои́чно-десяти́чная — binary-coded decimal system, binary-coded decimal [BCD] notation

систе́ма счисле́ния, девятери́чная — nine number system

систе́ма счисле́ния, десяти́чная — decimal number system, decimal notation

систе́ма счисле́ния, непозицио́нная — non-positional notation

систе́ма счисле́ния, позицио́нная — positional number notation

систе́ма счисле́ния пути́, возду́шно-до́плеровская навиг. — airborne Doppler navigator

систе́ма счисле́ния, трои́чная — ternary number system, ternary notation

систе́ма счисле́ния, шестнадцатери́чная — hexadecimal number system, hexadecimal notation

телевизио́нная светокла́панная систе́ма — light-modulator [light-modulating] television system

телегра́фная многокра́тная систе́ма ( с временным распределением) — time-division multiplex (transmission), time division telegraph system

телеметри́ческая систе́ма — telemetering system

телеметри́ческая, промы́шленная систе́ма — industrial telemetering system

телеметри́ческая, то́ковая систе́ма — current-type telemeter

телеметри́ческая, часто́тная систе́ма — frequency-type telemeter

телефо́нная, автомати́ческая систе́ма — dial telephone system

телефо́нная систе́ма с ручны́м обслу́живанием — manual-switchboard telephone system

термодинами́ческая систе́ма — thermodynamic system

техни́ческая систе́ма (в отличие от естественных, математических и т. п.) — engineering system

систе́ма тона́льного телеграфи́рования — voice-frequency multichannel system

то́пливная систе́ма — fuel system

то́пливная систе́ма с пода́чей само́тёком — gravity fuel system

тормозна́я систе́ма ( автомобиля) — brake system

трёхкомпоне́нтная систе́ма — ternary [three-component] system

трёхпроводна́я систе́ма эл. — three-wire system

трёхфа́зная систе́ма эл. — three-phase system

трёхфа́зная систе́ма с глухозаземлё́нной нейтра́лью эл. — solidly-earthed-neutral three-phase system

трёхфа́зная, симметри́чная систе́ма эл. — symmetrical three-phase system

трёхфа́зная систе́ма с незаземлё́нной нейтра́лью эл. — isolated-neutral three-phase system

трю́мная систе́ма мор. — bilge system

систе́ма тяг — linkage

тя́го-дутьева́я систе́ма — draught system

систе́ма УВД — air traffic control [ATC] system

систе́ма управле́ния — control system

систе́ма управле́ния, автомати́ческая — automatic control system

систе́ма управле́ния без па́мяти — combinational (control) system

систе́ма управле́ния возду́шным движе́нием — air traffic control [ATC] system

систе́ма управле́ния произво́дством [предприя́тием], автоматизи́рованная [АСУП] — management information system, MIS

систе́ма управле́ния с вычисли́тельной маши́ной — computer control system

систе́ма управле́ния с па́мятью — sequential (control) system

систе́ма управле́ния с предсказа́нием — predictor control system

систе́ма управле́ния технологи́ческим проце́ссом, автоматизи́рованная [АСУТП] — (automatic) process control system

систе́ма управле́ния, цифрова́я — digital control system

управля́емая систе́ма ( объект управления) — controlled system, controlled plant

управля́ющая систе́ма ( часть системы управления) — controlling (sub-)system

упру́гая систе́ма ( гравиметра) — elastic system

систе́ма уравне́ний — set [system] of equations, set of simultaneous equations

систе́ма уравне́ния объё́ма ( ядерного реактора) — pressurizing system

уравнове́шенная систе́ма — balanced system

усто́йчивая систе́ма — stable system

фа́новая систе́ма мор. — flushing [sewage-disposal] system

систе́ма физи́ческих величи́н — system of physical quantities

хи́мико-технологи́ческая систе́ма — chemical engineering system

хими́ческая систе́ма — chemical system

систе́ма ЦБ-АТС тлф. — dial system

систе́ма цветно́го телеви́дения, совмести́мая — compatible colour-television system

систе́ма це́нтра масс — centre-of-mass [centre-of-gravity, centre-of-momentum] system

систе́ма цифрово́го управле́ния ( не путать с числовы́м управле́нием) — digital control system (not to be confused with numeric control system)

систе́ма «челове́к — маши́на» — man-machine system

шарни́рная систе́ма — hinged system

шарни́рно-стержнева́я систе́ма — hinged-rod system

шпре́нгельная систе́ма — strutted [truss] system

систе́ма эксплуата́ции телефо́нной свя́зи, заказна́я — delay operation

систе́ма эксплуата́ции телефо́нной свя́зи, ско́рая — demand working, telephone traffic on the demand basis

экстрема́льная систе́ма — extremal system

систе́ма электро́дов ЭЛТ — CRT electrode structure

электроже́зловая систе́ма ж.-д. — (electric) token system

электрохими́ческая систе́ма — electrochemical system

электрохими́ческая, необрати́мая систе́ма — irreversible electrochemical system

электрохими́ческая, обрати́мая систе́ма — reversible electrochemical system

электроэнергети́ческая систе́ма — electric power system

систе́ма элеме́нтов Менделе́ева, периоди́ческая — Mendeleeff's [Mendeleev's, periodic] law, periodic system, periodic table

систе́ма элеме́нтов ЦВМ — computer building-block range

энергети́ческая систе́ма — power system

энергети́ческая, еди́ная систе́ма — power grid

энергети́ческая, объединё́нная систе́ма — interconnected power system

Русско-английский политехнический словарь > система
28 сигнал

1. sign

комбинированный сигнал — combined signal

многоканальный сигнал — multiplex signal

модулированный сигнал — modulated signal

направленный сигнал — directional signal

однолинейный сигнал — single line signal

2. wave

усилитель прямоугольных сигналов — square wave amplifier

сигнал без постоянной составляющей — area-balanced wave

база данных для речевых сигналов — speech wave database

задание формы импульсных сигналов — wave formatting

преобразователь импульсных сигналов — wave sampler

3. waveform

анализатор формы сигналов — waveform analyzer

искажение формы сигнала — waveform distortion

сигнал пилообразной формы — sawtooth waveform

пилообразная форма сигнала — sawtooth waveform

временная диаграмма сигналов — waveform diagram

4. bell

сигнал открытия и закрытия биржи — bells and whistles

код звонковых сигналов — bell code

сигналы простоя — bell idles

5. bells

сигнал простоя — bell idles

6. horn

прерывистый звуковой сигнал — intermittent horn sounding

мембрана звукового сигнала — horn diaphragm

пневматический сигнал — wind-tone horn

7. tattoo

8. signal; alarm

дает сигнал — signal

ЧМ сигнал — FM signal

давать сигналы — signal

сигнал ПАЛ — PAL signal

аварийный сигнал — alarm

9. call

открывающий огонь по сигналу — answering a call for fire

прямой сигнал повторного вызова — forward recall signal

открываемый огонь по сигналу — answered a call for fire

давать сигнал начать или кончить схватку — to call time

открывать огонь по сигналу — answer a call for fire

Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > сигнал
29 набирать высоту

climb
- (величину, данные, значение) на (клавишном) наборном поле (при помощи наборного поля) — key in /keyset, enter, insert, type in/ (some value) by using /via/ keyboard. key in wind speed in knots. keyset value to be displayed. enter /insert/ gs value by using /via/ the keyboard.
- двузначный (двумя цифрами) номер ппм (или станции vor) — enter /insert, press/ two-digit waypoint (or vor waypoint) number
- две цифры ппм (n+1) — insert two-digit number of waypoint n+1
- значение долготы (или широты) — enter /insert/ longitude (or latitude) digits
- код (77) при помощи наборного поля — use keyboard to enter the code 77 (in the display)
- номер ппм при помощи наборного поля для высвечивания на табло — enter (insert, key in, keyset, press, type in /wpt number to be displayed by using the keyboard, use keyboard to enter /insert, key in type in/ wpt number to be displayed
- обороты — gain (rotational) speed /rpm/, accelerate (engine)
- скорость — gain speed

Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > набирать высоту
30 огонь

fire
(открытое пламя)
- (светосигнальный) — light
- аэродрома, опознавательный — aerodrome identification light
-, аэронавигационный (ано) — navigation light
-, бортовой аэронавигационный (бано) — forward navigation light
бано устанавливаются на законцовках крыла самолета, красный огонь - слева, зеленый - справа no полету (рис. 97). — forward navigation lights must consist of а red and а green light installed on the left and right wing tips, respectively.
-, бортовой аэронавигационной (крыльевой) — wing tip navigation light
- взлетно-посадочной полосы (впп) — runway light
-, вращающийся — rotating light
-, входной (впп) — runway threshold light
- высокой интенсивности (аэродромный, ови) — high-intensity light (hil)
-, габаритный (подобный ано, но включаемый только на земле) — clearance light
-, габаритный (крыльевой) — (wing) clearance light
- для предупреждения столкновения в воздухе (проблесковый маяк, верхний, нижний) (рис. 97) — (upper, lower) anticollision light /beacon/. the airplane must have an anticollision light system that consists of upper and lower anticollision lights.
- для предупреждения столкновения (в воздухе), вращающийся проблесковый — anticollision rotating flashing light
-, заградительный (на трубах, радиомачтах и т.п.) — obstruction light
- заливающего света — floodlight, flood light

а light providing intense illumination over a restricted area.
-, импульсный — flashing light
-, интегральный, сигнальный (исо) — integral warning light
-, кодовый — code light
-, контурный (для обозначения контура ла, в полете, напр., топливозаправщика) — aircraft contour illumination light
-, контурный (несущего винта вертолета) (рис. 42) — rotor blade tip light
- конца впп — runway end light
- концевой полосы безопасности (кпб) — stopway light
- крыла, габаритный наземный — wing clearance light (wing clear lt)
-, маркировочный (заградительный) — obstruction light
- места срулирования с впп — turnoff light
-, мигающий (импульсный) — flashing light
-, мигающий (с частотой вспышек более 20 в мин.) — blinker light. а light giving more than 20 flashes per min.
- — unbroken light each navigation light must show unbroken light.
-, опознавательный — identification light
-, осветительный — floodlight
огонь для освещения определенной зоны. — а light providing intense illumination over а restricted area.
- освещения входа (в ла) — courtesy light
- освещения крыла — wing illumination /inspection/ /flood/ light
- освещения передней кромки крыла — wing leading edge illumination /inspections light
- осевой линии впп — runway centerline light
- осмотра (напр., крыла) — (wing) inspection light
-, открытый — naked light
огонь, не имеющий защитного стекла. — а fire not protected from air or wind with glass. use of naked lights is strictly prohibited.
- периодически меняющий свой цвет — alternating light an intermittent light varying in colour.
- подсвета впп — runway surface light
- подсвета крыла (фара) — wing illumination /inspection/ flood light
- подсвета мотогондолы (фаpa) — nacelle illumination /inspection/ flood light
- подхода к впп — approach indexer light
-, посадочный (аэродромный) постоянного (не проблескового) горения — lead-in light steady light
- постоянной силы света — fixed light

а light having constant luminous intensity.
- предупреждения о приближенин конца впп — runway caution light
-, проблесковый (навигационный) — flashing light (fl) the light interval is less than interval of darkness.
-, хвостовой аэронавигационный (xaho) — rear navigation light, tail cone navigation light
огонь белого цвета, установленный на самой задней (хвостовой) точке ла (рис. 97). — the rear navigation light must be а white light mounted as far aft as practicable.
-, центральный (свето) сигнальный (цсо) — master warning light (mwl)
-, якорный (стояночный) — riding light
огонь белого цвета, зажигаемый на борту гидросамолета или самолета-амфибии при стоянке на воде. — riding /anchor/ light is white light required for a seaplane or amphibian.
угол видимости левого (правого) аэронавигационного о. (угол "л", угол "п") — navigation light dihedral angle l (left), r (right))
угол видимости хвостового аэронавигационного о. (угол "х") — navigation light dihedral angle а (aft)

Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > огонь
31 Bain, Alexander

SUBJECT AREA: Horology, Telecommunications

[br]

b. October 1810 Watten, Scotland

d. 2 January 1877 Kirkintilloch, Scotland

[br]

Scottish inventor and entrepreneur who laid the foundations of electrical horology and designed an electromagnetic means of transmitting images (facsimile).

[br]

Alexander Bain was born into a crofting family in a remote part of Scotland. He was apprenticed to a watchmaker in Wick and during that time he was strongly influenced by a lecture on "Heat, sound and electricity" that he heard in nearby Thurso. This lecture induced him to take up a position in Clerkenwell in London, working as a journeyman clockmaker, where he was able to further his knowledge of electricity by attending lectures at the Adelaide Gallery and the Polytechnic Institution. His thoughts naturally turned to the application of electricity to clockmaking, and despite a bitter dispute with Charles Wheatstone over priority he was granted the first British patent for an electric clock. This patent, taken out on 11 January 1841, described a mechanism for an electric clock, in which an oscillating component of the clock operated a mechanical switch that initiated an electromagnetic pulse to maintain the regular, periodic motion. This principle was used in his master clock, produced in 1845. On 12 December of the same year, he patented a means of using electricity to control the operation of steam railway engines via a steam-valve. His earliest patent was particularly far-sighted and anticipated most of the developments in electrical horology that occurred during the nineteenth century. He proposed the use of electricity not only to drive clocks but also to distribute time over a distance by correcting the hands of mechanical clocks, synchronizing pendulums and using slave dials (here he was anticipated by Steinheil). However, he was less successful in putting these ideas into practice, and his electric clocks proved to be unreliable. Early electric clocks had two weaknesses: the battery; and the switching mechanism that fed the current to the electromagnets. Bain's earth battery, patented in 1843, overcame the first defect by providing a reasonably constant current to drive his clocks, but unlike Hipp he failed to produce a reliable switch.

The application of Bain's numerous patents for electric telegraphy was more successful, and he derived most of his income from these. They included a patent of 12 December 1843 for a form of fax machine, a chemical telegraph that could be used for the transmission of text and of images (facsimile). At the receiver, signals were passed through a moving band of paper impregnated with a solution of ammonium nitrate and potassium ferrocyanide. For text, Morse code signals were used, and because the system could respond to signals faster than those generated by hand, perforated paper tape was used to transmit the messages; in a trial between Paris and Lille, 282 words were transmitted in less than one minute. In 1865 the Abbé Caselli, a French engineer, introduced a commercial fax service between Paris and Lyons, based on Bain's device. Bain also used the idea of perforated tape to operate musical wind instruments automatically. Bain squandered a great deal of money on litigation, initially with Wheatstone and then with Morse in the USA. Although his inventions were acknowledged, Bain appears to have received no honours, but when towards the end of his life he fell upon hard times, influential persons in 1873 secured for him a Civil List Pension of £80 per annum and the Royal Society gave him £150.

[br]

Bibliography

1841, British patent no. 8,783; 1843, British patent no. 9,745; 1845, British patent no.

10,838; 1847, British patent no. 11,584; 1852, British patent no. 14,146 (all for electric clocks).

1852, A Short History of the Electric Clocks with Explanation of Their Principles and

Mechanism and Instruction for Their Management and Regulation, London; reprinted 1973, introd. W.Hackmann, London: Turner \& Devereux (as the title implies, this pamphlet was probably intended for the purchasers of his clocks).

Further Reading

The best account of Bain's life and work is in papers by C.A.Aked in Antiquarian Horology: "Electricity, magnetism and clocks" (1971) 7: 398–415; "Alexander Bain, the father of electrical horology" (1974) 9:51–63; "An early electric turret clock" (1975) 7:428–42. These papers were reprinted together (1976) in A Conspectus of Electrical Timekeeping, Monograph No. 12, Antiquarian Horological Society: Tilehurst.

J.Finlaison, 1834, An Account of Some Remarkable Applications of the Electric Fluid to the Useful Arts by Alexander Bain, London (a contemporary account between Wheatstone and Bain over the invention of the electric clock).

J.Munro, 1891, Heroes of the Telegraph, Religious Tract Society.

J.Malster \& M.J.Bowden, 1976, "Facsimile. A Review", Radio \&Electronic Engineer 46:55.

D.J.Weaver, 1982, Electrical Clocks and Watches, Newnes.

T.Hunkin, 1993, "Just give me the fax", New Scientist (13 February):33–7 (provides details of Bain's and later fax devices).

See also: Bakewell, Frederick C.

DV / KF

Biographical history of technology > Bain, Alexander
32 высота

высота сущ
1. altitude
2. height барометрическая высота
1. barometric height
2. barometric altitude безопасная высота
1. safe height
2. safe altitude безопасная высота местности
safe terrain clearance
безопасная высота пролета порога
clearance over the threshold
безопасная высота пролета препятствий
clearance of obstacles
вертикальный набор высоты
vertical climb
взлет с крутым набором высоты
climbing takeoff
воздушное судно для полетов на большой высоте
high-altitude aircraft
время набора заданной высоты
time to climb to
выбранная высота захода на посадку
selected approach altitude
выдерживание высоты
altitude hold
выдерживание высоты полета автопилотом
autopilot altitude hold
выдерживание заданной высоты полета
preselected altitude hold
выдерживание постоянной высоты
constant altitude control
выдерживать заданную высоту
1. keep the altitude
2. maintain the altitude выполнять набор высоты
make a climb
высота аэродрома
1. aerodrome altitude
2. aerodrome level высота в зоне ожидания
holding altitude
высота в кабине
cabin pressure
высота выравнивания
flare-out altitude
высота над уровнем моря
altitude above sea level
высота начала снижения
descent top
высота начала уборки
height at start of retraction
высота начального этапа захода на посадку
initial approach altitude
высота нижней границы облаков
1. cloud base height
2. cloud ceiling 3. minimum ceiling высота нулевой изотермы
freezing level
высота облачности
1. cloud level
2. cloud height высота опорной точки
reference datum height
высота оптимального расхода топлива
fuel efficient altitude
высота относительно начала координат
height above reference zero
высота отсчета
reference altitude
высота перехода
1. transition height
2. transition altitude высота перехода к визуальному полету
break-off height
высота плоскости ограничения препятствий в зоне взлета
takeoff surface level
высота повторного двигателя
restarting altitude
высота по давлению
pressure altitude
высота полета
flight altitude
высота полета вертолета
helicopter overflight height
высота полета вертолета при заходе на посадку
helicopter approach height
высота полета в зоне ожидания
holding flight level
высота полета по маршруту
en-route altitude
высота по радиовысотомеру
radio height
высота порога
stepdown
(выхода из воздушного судна) высота порога аварийного выхода
1. emergency exit stepup
(над полом кабины пассажиров) 2. emergency exit stepdown (над обшивкой крыла) высота при заходе на посадку
approach height
высота принятия решения
1. decision altitude
2. decision height высота пролета порога ВПП
threshold crossing height
высота пролета препятствий
1. obstacle clearance
2. obstacle clearance altitude 3. obstacle clearance height высота разворота на посадочную прямую
final approach altitude
высота траектории начала захода на посадку
approach ceiling
высота уменьшения тяги
cutback height
высота установленная заданием на полет
specified altitude
высота установленного маршрута движения
traffic pattern altitude
высота хода поршня на такте всасывания
suction head
выходить на заданную высоту
take up the position
гипсометрическая цветная шкала высот
hypsometric tint guide
граница высот повторного запуска в полете
inflight restart envelope
график набора высоты
climb schedule
дальность полета на предельно малой высоте
on-the-deck range
датчик высоты
altitude sensor
диапазон высот
altitude range
докладывать о занятии заданной высоты
report reaching the altitude
допуск на максимальную высоту препятствия
dominant obstacle allowance
допустимая высота местности
terrain clearance
допустимый запас высоты от колес до порога ВПП
threshold wheel clearance
зависать на высоте
hover at the height of
заданная высота
specified height
задатчик высоты
1. altitude selector
2. altitude controller задатчик высоты в кабине
cabin altitude selector
занимать заданную высоту
reach the altitude
запас высоты
1. altitude margin
2. clearance margin 3. vertical clearance запас высоты законцовки крыла
wing tip clearance
затенение руля высоты
elevator shading
зона набора высоты при взлете
takeoff flight path area
зона начального этапа набора высоты
climb-out area
измерение высоты нижней границы облаков
ceiling measurement
измеритель высоты облачности
ceilometer
индикатор барометрической высоты
density altitude display
истинная высота
1. actual height
2. true altitude 3. absolute altitude исходная высота полета при заходе на посадку
reference approach height
карта планирования полетов на малых высотах
low altitude flight planning chart
код высоты
altitude code
колонка руля высоты
elevator control stand
конечная высота захвата
final intercept altitude
конечный участок набора высоты
top of climb
коридор для набора высоты
climb corridor
крейсерская высота
1. cruising level
2. cruising altitude кривая изменения высоты полета
altitude curve
летать на заданной высоте
fly at the altitude
лонжерон руля высоты
elevator spar
маршрутная карта полетов на малых высотах
low altitude en-route chart
масса при начальном наборе высоты
climbout weight
механизм стопорения руля высоты
1. elevator locking mechanism
2. elevator gust lock минимальная безопасная высота
1. minimum safe height
2. minimum safe минимальная высота
1. minimum altitude
2. critical height минимальная высота полета по кругу
minimum circling procedure height
минимальная высота по маршруту
minimum en-route altitude
минимальная высота пролета препятствий
obstacle clearance limit
минимальная высота снижения
1. minimum descent altitude
2. minimum descent height минимальная крейсерская высота полета
minimum cruising level
минимальная разрешенная высота
minimum authorized altitude
многоступенчатый набор высоты
multistep climb
мощность, необходимая для набора высоты
climbing power
набирать высоту
1. ascend
2. drift up 3. move upwards набирать высоту при полете по курсу
climb on the course
набирать заданную высоту
1. gain the altitude
2. get the height набор высоты
1. in climb
2. ascent набор высоты в крейсерском режиме
cruise climb
набор высоты до крейсерского режима
climb to cruise operation
набор высоты до потолка
climb to ceiling
набор высоты на маршруте
en-route climb
набор высоты на начальном участке установленной траектории
normal initial climb operation
набор высоты по крутой траектории
steep climb
набор высоты после прерванного захода на посадку
discontinued approach climb
набор высоты по установившейся схеме
proper climb
набор высоты при взлете
takeoff climb
набор высоты при всех работающих двигателях
all-engine-operating climb
набор высоты с убранными закрылками
flap-up climb
набор высоты с ускорением
acceleration climb
навеска руля высоты
elevator hinge fitting
на установленной высоте
at appropriate altitude
начальный этап набора высоты
initial climb
начальный этап стандартного набора высоты
normal initial climb
начальный этап установившегося набора высоты
first constant climb
неправильно оценивать высоту
misjudge an altitude
неправильно оценивать запас высоты
misjudge clearance
непроизвольное увеличение высоты полета
altitude gain
неустановившийся режим набора высоты
nonsteady climb
нижняя кромка облаков переменной высоты
variable cloud base
обеспечивать запас высоты
ensure clearance
облака переменной высоты
variable clouds
оборудование для измерения высоты облачности
ceiling measurement equipment
ограничение высоты препятствий
obstacle restriction
одноступенчатый набор высоты
one-step climb
оптимальный угол набора высоты
best climb angle
отключение привода руля высоты
elevator servo disengagement
откорректированная высота
corrected altitude
отметка высоты
bench mark
оценивать высоту
assess a height
оценка высоты препятствия
obstacle assessment
ошибочно выбранный запас высоты
misjudged clearance
передача сведений о барометрической высоте
pressure-altitude transmission
переходить в режим набора высоты
entry into climb
переходить к скорости набора высоты
transit to the climb speed
поверхность высоты пролета препятствий
obstacle free surface
погрешность выдерживания высоты полета
height-keeping error
полет на малой высоте
low flying operation
полет на малых высотах
low flight
полет с набором высоты
1. climbing flight
2. nose-up flying полеты на малых высотах
low flying
поправка к высоте Полярной звезды
q-correction
поправка на высоту
altitude correction
порядок набора высоты
climb technique
порядок набора высоты на крейсерском режиме
cruise climb technique
потеря высоты
altitude loss
превышение по высоте
gain in altitude
предварительно выбранная высота
preselected altitude
предупреждение о минимальной безопасной высоте
minimum safe altitude warning
приборная высота
1. indicated altitude
2. altimetric altitude проведение работ по снижению высоты препятствий для полетов
obstacle clearing
прогноз по высоте
height forecast
процесс набора высоты
ascending
рабочая высота
operating altitude
радиовысотомер малых высот
low-range radio altimeter
разброс ошибок выдерживания высоты
height-keeping error distribution
разворот с набором высоты
climbing turn
разрешенные полеты на малой высоте
authorized low flying
распределение высот
altitude assignment
расчетная высота
1. rated altitude
2. design altitude 3. net height регистратор высоты
altitude recorder
регулировать по высоте
adjust for height
режим стабилизации на заданной высоте
height-lock mode
резкий набор высоты
zoom
руль высоты
elevator
световой сигнализатор опасной высоты
altitude alert light
сигнализация самопроизвольного ухода с заданной высоты
altitude alert warning
сигнал опасной высоты
altitude alert signal
система предупреждения о сдвиге ветра на малых высотах
low level wind-shear alert system
система сигнализации опасной высоты
altitude alert system
скорость изменения высоты
altitude rate
скорость набора высоты
ascensional rate
скорость набора высоты при выходе из зоны
climb-out speed
скорость набора высоты при полете по маршруту
en-route climb speed
скорость набора высоты с убранными закрылками
1. flaps-up climb speed
2. no-flap climb speed 3. flaps-up climbing speed скорость на начальном участке набора высоты при взлете
speed at takeoff climb
скорость первоначального этапа набора высоты
initial climb speed
с набором высоты
with increase in the altitude
снижать высоту полета воздушного судна
push the aircraft down
со снижением высоты
with decrease in the altitude
сохранять запас высоты
preserve the clearance
средняя высота
mean height
ступенчатый набор высоты
step climb
схема набора высоты после взлета
after takeoff procedure
схема ускоренного набора высоты
accelerating climb procedure
с целью набора высоты
in order to climb
таблица для пересчета высоты
altitude-conversion table
табло сигнализации опасной высоты
altitude alert annunciator
терять высоту
lose the altitude
топливо расходуемое на выбор высоты
climb fuel
точность выдерживания высоты
height-keeping accuracy
траектория набора высоты
1. climb path
2. climb curve траектория начального этапа набора высоты
departure path
требования по ограничению высоты препятствий
obstacle limitation requirements
триммер руля высоты
elevator trim tab
увеличивать высоту
increase an altitude
угол набора высоты
1. angle of approach light
2. angle of climb 3. angle of ascent угол начального участка установившегося режима набора высоты
first constant climb angle
угол установившегося режима набора высоты
constant climb angle
указатель высоты
1. height indicator
2. altitude indicator указатель высоты в кабине
cabin altitude indicator
указатель высоты перепада давления
differential pressure indicator
указатель высоты пролета местности
terrain clearance indicator
указатель минимальной высоты
minimum altitude reminder
указатель предельной высоты
altitude-limit indicator
указатель скорости набора высоты
variometer
управление рулем высоты
elevator control
ускорение при наборе высоты
climb acceleration
устанавливать режим набора высоты
establish climb
установившаяся скорость набора высоты
steady rate of climb
установившийся режим набора высоты
constant climb
устройство кодирования информации о высоте
altitude encoder
уточненная высота
calibrated altitude
уходить с заданной высоты
leave the altitude
уходить с набором высоты
1. climb away
2. climb out уход с набором высоты
climbaway
участок маршрута с набором высоты
upward leg
участок набора высоты
climb segment
фактическое увеличение высоты
net increase in altitude
характеристика выдерживания высоты
height-keeping performance
характеристика набора высоты при полете по маршруту
en-route climb performance
четко указывать высоту
express the altitude
эквивалентная высота
equivalent altitude
этап набора высоты
climb element
эшелонировать по высоте
stack up

Русско-английский авиационный словарь > высота
33 φωνή

φωνή, ῆς, ἡ (s. prec. entry; Hom.+).

① an auditory effect, sound, tone, noise the source of which is added in the gen.: of musical instruments (Pla., Rep. 3, 397a ὀργάνων; Eur., Tro. 127 συρίγγων; Plut., Mor. 713c ψαλτηρίου καὶ αὐλοῦ; Aristoxenus, Fgm. 6; Paus. Attic. α, 169; Ex 19:16, Is 18:3 and PsSol 8:1 σάλπιγγος; cp. ParJer 3:2; Is 24:8 κιθάρας; Aristobul. in Eus., PE 8, 10, 13=p. 144, 94f Holladay) σάλπιγγος Mt 24:31 v.l.; D 16:6. φωναὶ τῆς σάλπιγγος blasts of the trumpet Rv 8:13b; or of those who play them κιθαρῳδῶν 14:2d; 18:22a; cp. 10:7. Of the noise made by a millstone 18:22b. Of a shout produced by a crowd of people φωνὴ ὄχλου πολλοῦ 19:1, 6a (cp. Da 10:6 Theod.; also λαοῦ πολλοῦ PsSol 8:2). Of the sound caused by spoken words (Da 10:9; Just., D. 131, 2 μηδὲ μέχρι φωνῆς) ἡ φωνὴ τοῦ ἀσπασμοῦ σου Lk 1:44. φωνὴ ῥημάτων sound of words Hb 12:19. Cp. 1 Cl 27:7 (Ps 18:4). ἔσομαι φωνή I will be just a meaningless sound (in contrast to Ignatius functioning as a λόγος θεοῦ [=meaningful expression of God] if his adherents abstain from pleas in his behalf) IRo 2:1 (s. ἠχώ). Abs. of the sound made by a wail of sorrow (cp. TestJob 40:9; TestIss 1:4) Mt 2:18 (Jer 38:15). μεγάλη φωνὴ ἐγένετο ἐν τ. οὐρανῷ GPt 9:35.—Of musical instruments it is said that they φωνὴν διδόναι produce sound (in ref. to mere sonant capability in contrast to distinguishable notes) 1 Cor 14:7f.—In Rv we have ἀστραπαὶ καὶ φωναὶ καὶ βρονταί (cp. Ex 19:16) 4:5; 8:5; 11:19; 16:18 (are certain other sounds in nature thought of here in addition to thunder, as e.g. the roar of the storm? In Ex 19:16 φωναὶ κ. ἀστραπαί are surely thunder and lightning. But in Ex 9:23, 28; 1 Km 12:18 the mng. of φωναί remains unclear. Cp. also Esth 1:1d φωναί, βρονταί).—Freq. in imagery: of wind sound J 3:8; cp. Ac 2:6. Of thunderclap (1 Km 7:10; GrBar 6:13) Rv 6:1; 14:2c; 19:6c. Of roar of water (Ezk 1:24b) 1:15b; 14:2b; 19:6b. Of whirring of wings (Ezk 1:24a) 9:9a. Of the clatter of chariots 9:9 b (cp. Ezk 3:13; 26:10).

② the faculty of utterance, voice (Tat. 15:3 προύχει τῶν θηρίων ὁ ἄνθρωπος κατὰ τὴν ἔναρθον φωνήν=humankind excels beasts in articulate utterance)

ⓐ gener. of sonant aspect: any form of speech or other utterance w. the voice can take place μετὰ φωνῆς μεγάλης Lk 17:15; ἐν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ Rv 5:2; 14:7, 9; mostly φωνῇ μεγάλῃ (TestAbr A 5 p. 82, 20f [Stone p. 12]; ParJer 2:2; Achilles Tat. 8, 1, 1; SibOr 3, 669; 5, 63) Mt 27:46, 50; Mk 1:26; 5:7; 15:34; Lk 1:42 v.l. (s. κραυγή 1b); 4:33; 8:28; 19:37; J 11:43; Ac 7:57, 60; 8:7; Rv 6:10; 7:2, 10 al.; IPhld 7:1a. μεγάλῃ τῇ φωνῃ (Diod S 1, 70, 5; 8, 23, 3; Lucian, Hist. Conscr. 1, Tim. 9; ParJer 9:8; Jos., Bell. 6, 188) Ac 14:10 v.l. 26:24; ἐν ἰσχυρᾷ φωνῇ Rv 18:2. ἐν φωνῇ μιᾷ IEph 4:2; μιᾷ φ. (Pla., Laws 1, 634e; Diod S 11, 9, 3; 11, 26, 6; 19, 81, 2; Ael. Aristid. 24, 4 K.=44 p. 825 D.; Lucian, Nigr. 14) ApcPt 5:19.—αἴρειν φωνήν (αἴρω 1b) Lk 17:13; πρός τινα Ac 4:24. ἐπαίρειν φωνήν (ParJer 9:14; s. ἐπαίρω 1) Lk 11:27; Ac 2:14; 14:11; 22:22; AcPl Ha 6, 33. ἀκούειν τῆς φωνῆς τινος hear someone speaking or calling (TestAbr B 3 p. 107, 10 [Stone p. 62]; TestJob 42:3; TestJos 9:4; ParJer 3:10) J 5:25, 28; 10:3; Hb 3:7, 15; 4:7 (the last three Ps 94:7); w. a neg. and acc. (φωνήν) Mt 12:19 (cp. Is 42:2); J 5:37. The same expr.=listen to someone’s speech or call, follow someone (Gen 3:17) 10:16, 27; 18:37; Rv 3:20; B 8:7; cp. 9:2 (s. Ex 15:26).—(ἡ) φωνὴ (τοῦ) νυμφίου (cp. Jer 25:10) J 3:29 (cp. Arrian, Cyneg. 17, 1 the dogs χαίρουσιν τὴν φωνὴν τοῦ δεσπότου γνωρίζουσαι); Rv 18:23.

ⓑ voice as it varies from individual to individual or fr. one mood to another (X., An. 2, 6, 9; Gen 27:22; Tat. 5:2) ἐπιγνοῦσα τὴν φωνὴν τοῦ Πέτρου Ac 12:14. Cp. J 10:4f (s. Ael. Aristid. 46 p. 320, horses). ἤθελον ἀλλάξαι τὴν φωνήν μου Gal 4:20 (ἀλλάσσω 1; φωνή=tone: Diod. S 8, 5, 4 πᾶσαν φωνήν=every variation in tone; Artem. 4, 56 p. 235, 15).

ⓒ that which the voice gives expression to: call, cry, outcry, loud or solemn declaration (Sb 7251, 21 [III/IV A.D.]=order, command) ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀφεὶς φωνὴν μεγάλην Mk 15:37. φωνὴ ἐγένετο μία a single outcry arose Ac 19:34 (cp. Jos., Vi. 133). Cp. 22:14; 24:21. Pl. (Ael. Aristid. 52, 3 K.=28 p. 551 D.: ἦσαν φωναί; Jos., Vi. 231, Ant. 15, 52) φωναὶ μεγάλαι loud cries Lk 23:23a; cp. 23b. ἐλάλησαν αἱ βρονταὶ τὰς ἑαυτῶν φωνάς the thunders sounded forth their crashing peals Rv 10:3b. θεοῦ φωνὴ (D φωναί) καὶ οὐκ ἀνθρώπου (this is) the utterance of a god and not of a mere mortal Ac 12:22 (Just., D. 119, 6 τῇ φωνῇ τοῦ θεοῦ; cp. 21, 1 αἱ φωναὶ αὐτοῦ; Plut., Mor. 567f: a divine φωνή sounds forth fr. a φῶς μέγα that appears suddenly; Ael. Aristid. 45 p. 11 D.: Πυθίας φωνή; Epict. 3, 23, 20 ἰδοὺ φωναὶ φιλοσόφου; 3, 22, 50; Biogr. p. 454 people received sayings of Hippocr. ὡς θεοῦ φωνὰς κ. οὐκ ἀνθρωπίνου προελθούσας ἐκ στόματος). φωνὴ ἐνεχθεῖσα αὐτῷ a declaration (was) borne to him 2 Pt 1:17; cp. vs. 18. Also of sayings in scripture αἱ φωναὶ τῶν προφητῶν Ac 13:27 (Ath. 9, 1; cp. Diod S 19, 1, 4 ἡ Σόλωνος φωνή; 20, 30, 2 τῆς τοῦ μάντεως [=τοῦ δαιμονίου] φωνῆς; Diog. L. 8, 14 sayings of Pythagoras). Of apostolic tradition τὰ παρὰ ζώσης φωνῆς καὶ μενούσης Papias (2:4) (s. ζάω, end; on Papias’ ‘living voice’ s. ABaum, NTS 44, ’98, 144–51).

ⓓ In accordance w. OT and Jewish usage gener. (s. Bousset, Rel.³ 315. The Socratic δαιμόνιον [=ὁ θεός Ep. 1, 7] is called ἡ φωνή: Socrat., Ep. 1, 9 [p. 222, 34 Malherbe] τὸ δαιμόνιόν μοι, ἡ φωνή, γέγονεν, cp. Pla., Apol. 31d) ‘the voice’ oft. speaks, though the (heavenly) speaker neither appears nor is mentioned (cp. PGM 3, 119 ἐξορκίζω σε κατὰ τῆς ἑβραικῆς φωνῆς.—In most cases the divine voice is differentiated fr. the divinity: Theopompus [IV B.C.]: 115 Fgm. 69 Jac. [in Diog. L. 1, 115] when Epimenides wishes to build τὸ τῶν Νυμφῶν ἱερόν: ῥαγῆναι φωνὴν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ‘Ἐπιμενίδη, μὴ Νυμφῶν, ἀλλὰ Διός’=[when E. was building] a shrine for the Nymphs: a voice cried out from heaven, “Epimenides! Not for the Nymphs, but for Zeus!”; Plut., Mor. 355e; 775b; Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 28, 2 Lycurgus receives the laws ὑπὸ τῆς θεοῦ φωνῆς in Delphi; Artapanus; 726 Fgm. 3, 21 Jac. [in Eus., PE 9, 27, 21]; Jos., Ant. 1, 185 φ. θεία παρῆν; 3, 90 φ. ὑψόθεν; cp. 2, 267) ἰδοὺ φωνὴ ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν λέγουσα (on the voice fr. heaven s. the lit. s.v. βαπτίζω 2a; also JKosnetter, D. Taufe Jesu ’36, esp. 140–90, and FDölger, Ac V/3, ’36, 218–23) Mt 3:17; cp. 17:5. ἦλθεν φ. (ἐκ) Mk 9:7 v.l.; J 12:28; 30 v.l. (TestAbr A 10 p. 88, 15 [Stone p. 24] al.; cp. Ps. Callisth, 1, 45, 2f ἦλθεν φωνὴ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀδύτου the divine saying follows in direct discourse). ἐξῆλθεν φ. Rv 16:17 (ἐκ); 19:5 (ἀπό τοῦ θρόνου). γίνεται (ἐγένετο) φ. (ἐκ: Plut., Agis et Cleom. 807 [28, 3]: φωνὴν ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ γενέσθαι φράζουσαν; Ael. Aristid. 40, 22 K.=5 p. 62 D.: φωνῆς θείας γενομένης … ἐκ τοῦ μητρῴου [=temple of the Mother of the Gods]) Mk 1:11; 9:7; Lk 3:22; 9:35f; J 12:30 (v.l. ἦλθεν; s. above); Ac 10:13, 15 (both πρὸς αὐτόν); MPol 9:1a; GEb 18, 37 (verb of origin understood), cp. ibid. ln. 38; ἐγένετο φ. κυρίου Ac 7:31 (cp. Jos., Vi. 259 ἐγένοντο φωναί). ἀπεκρίθη φ. ἐκ τ. οὐρανοῦ 11:9; ἦχος φωνῆς μοι ἀπεκρίθη Hv 4, 1, 4. ἀκούειν φωνήν hear a voice (also w. such additions as λέγουσαν, ἐκ w. gen. of place, μεγάλην, gen. of the speaker) Ac 9:4; 22:9; 26:14; Rv 6:6f; 9:13; 10:4, 8; 12:10; 14:2; 18:4; MPol 9:1b; EpilMosq 4; φωνῆς w. the same mng. (w. corresp. additions) Ac 9:7; 11:7; 22:7 (MMeyer, The Light and Voice on the Damascus Road: Forum 2, ’86, 27–35 [Nag Hammadi pp. 30–32]); Rv 11:12; 14:13; 16:1; 21:3; GPt 10:41. Paul speaks διὰ φωνῆς πνεύματος ἁγίου AcPl Ha 11, 5.

ⓔ special cases: ἐπέστρεψα βλέπειν τὴν φωνὴν ἥτις ἐλάλει μετʼ ἐμοῦ I turned around to see (to whom) the voice that was speaking to me (belonged) Rv 1, 12 (cp. X., Hell. 5, 1, 22 σκεψόμενοι τίς ἡ κραυγή; Aesop 248b H.=141 P.=146 H-H. ἐπεστράφη πρὸς τὴν φ.). φ. βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ (it is) the voice of one calling out in the wilderness (Is 40:3; cp. En 9:2; Jos., Bell. 6, 301) Mt 3:3; Mk 1:3; Lk 3:4. Referring to Is 40:3, John the Baptist applies its words to himself J 1:23 the voice of one calling out in the wilderness (Ael. Aristid. 49, 5 K.=25 p. 489 D.: φ. λέγοντός του ‘τεθεράπευσαι’; Ps.-Pla., Axioch. 1 p. 364a φωνὴ βοῶντός του).—B 9:3.

③ a verbal code shared by a community to express ideas and feelings, language (Aeschyl., Hdt. et al.; Cebes 33, 6; Aelian, VH 12, 48; Herodian 5, 3, 4; Diog. L. 8, 3; SEG VIII, 548, 17 [I B.C.]; PLond I, 77, 13 p. 232 [Christ. VIII A.D.]; PGM 12, 188 πᾶσα γλῶσσα κ. πᾶσα φωνή; Gen 11:1; Dt 28:49; 2 Macc 7:8, 21, 27; 4 Macc 12:7; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 1; 50; 73 al.; Just., A I, 31, 1; Tat. 37, 1; Mel., P. 29, 199) 1 Cor 14:10f; 2 Pt 2:16 (an animal w. ἀνθρώπου φ. as Appian, Bell. Civ. 4:4 §14 βοῦς φωνὴν ἀφῆκεν ἀνθρώπου; schol. on Appolon. Rhod. 2, 1146 ὁ κριὸς ἀνθρωπίνῃ χρησάμενος φωνῇ; sim. TestAbr A 3 p. 79, 19 [Stone p. 6]; sim. TestAbr B 3 p. 107, 10 [St. p. 62] a tree; ParJer 7:2 an eagle; Philo, Op. M. 156); Dg 5:1. ὁ λέων εἶπεν μιᾷ φωνῇ AcPlHa 5, 4 (on the probability that μια was misread for θεια s. the editor’s note, p. 41, 4).—B. 1248; 1260. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

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