-
1 past
[pɑːst] 1. prep( in front of) obok +gen; ( beyond) (be) za or poza +instr; (go) za or poza +acc; ( later than) po +loc2. adj( previous) government poprzedni; week, month ubiegły, miniony; experience wcześniejszy; ( LING) przeszły3. nten/quarter past eight/midnight — dziesięć/kwadrans po ósmej/północy
to run past (sb/sth) — przebiegać (przebiec perf) obok (kogoś/czegoś)
in the past — w przeszłości ( LING) w czasie przeszłym
* * *1. adjective1) (just finished: the past year.) ubiegły2) (over, finished or ended, of an earlier time than the present: The time for discussion is past.) miniony3) ((of the tense of a verb) indicating action in the past: In `He did it', the verb is in the past tense.) (czas) przeszły2. preposition1) (up to and beyond; by: He ran past me.) obok2) (after: It's past six o'clock.) po3. adverb(up to and beyond (a particular place, person etc): The soldiers marched past.) obok4. noun1) (a person's earlier life or career, especially if secret or not respectable: He never spoke about his past.) przeszłość2) (the past tense: a verb in the past.) czas przeszły•- the past -
2 tense
[tɛns] 1. adj 2. n ( LING)czas m3. vtnapinać (napiąć perf), naprężać (naprężyć perf)* * *[tens] I noun(a form of a verb that shows the time of its action in relation to the time of speaking: a verb in the past/future/present tense.) czasII 1. adjective1) (strained; nervous: The crowd was tense with excitement; a tense situation.) napięty2) (tight; tightly stretched.) naprężony2. verb(to make or become tense: He tensed his muscles.) napinać (się)- tensely- tenseness
- tension -
3 unbar
past tense, past participle - unbarred; verb(to open (a door, gate, entrance etc) by moving the bars that are keeping it closed: He unlocked and unbarred the door.) zdjąć sztaby z -
4 unstop
past tense, past participle - unstopped; verb(to remove a blockage from (eg a drain): The plumber has unstopped the pipe.) odetkać -
5 spam
past tense, past participle - spammed; verb(to send many copies of a message (= ``junk'') on the Internet: I've been spammed.) spam, niechciana poczta elektroniczna -
6 unstrap
past tense, past participle - unstrapped; verb(to unfasten the strap of: She unstrapped her suitcase.) odpiąć (rzemień) -
7 bid
[bɪd] 1. noferta f2. vi; pt bade or bid, pp bid(den) 3. vt; pt bade or bid, pp bid(den)to bid sb good day — ( say hallo) witać (przywitać perf) kogoś; ( say good-bye) żegnać (pożegnać perf) kogoś
* * *[bid] 1. verb1) (- past tense, past participle bid - to offer (an amount of money) at an auction: John bid ($1,000) for the painting.) licytować2) ((with for) - past tense, past participle bid - to state a price (for a contract): My firm is bidding for the contract for the new road.) składać ofertę3) (- past tense bade [bæd], past participle bidden - to tell (someone) to (do something): He bade me enter.) poprosić4) (- past tense bade [bæd], past participle bidden - to express a greeting etc (to someone): He bade me farewell.) pożegnać2. noun1) (an offer of a price: a bid of $20.) oferta2) (an attempt (to obtain): a bid for freedom.) próba (zdobycia)•- bidder- bidding
- biddable -
8 be
[biː] 1. aux vb; pt was, were, pp been1) ( in continuous tenses)2) ( forming passives) być, zostać ( perf)3) ( in tag questions) prawdahe's good-looking, isn't he? — jest przystojny, prawda?
she's back again, is she? — a więc znów jest z powrotem?
4) (+to +infin)2. vb +complement1) byćI am hot/cold — jest mi gorąco/zimno
2) ( of health) czuć się3) ( of age)4) ( cost) kosztować3. vi1) (exist, occur etc) istnieć2) ( referring to place) być4. impers vb1) (referring to time, distance, weather) byćit's too hot/cold — jest za gorąco/zimno
2) ( emphatic)* * *present tense am [ʌm], are [a:], is [ɪz]; past tense was [woz], were [w†:]; present participle 'being; past participle been [bi:n, (·meriцan) bɪn]; subjunctive were [w†:]; short forms I'm [aim] (I am), you're [ju†] (you are), he's [hi:z] (he is), she's [ʃi:z] (she is), it's [ɪ ] (it is), we're [wi†] (we are), they're [Ɵe†] (they are); negative short forms isn't (is not), aren't [a:nt] (are not), wasn't (was not), weren't [w†:nt] (were not)1) (used with a present participle to form the progressive or continuous tenses: I'm reading; I am being followed; What were you saying?.) być, zostać2) (used with a present participle to form a type of future tense: I'm going to London.)3) (used with a past participle to form the passive voice: He was shot.)4) (used with an infinitive to express several ideas, eg necessity (When am I to leave?), purpose (The letter is to tell us he's coming), a possible future happening (If he were to lose, I'd win) etc.)5) (used in giving or asking for information about something or someone: I am Mr Smith; Is he alive?; She wants to be an actress; The money will be ours; They are being silly.)•- being- the be-all and end-all -
9 hang
[hæŋ] 1. pt, pp hung, vt, pt, pp hanged 2. vionce you have got the hang of it, … ( inf) — jak już raz chwycisz, o co chodzi, … (inf)
Phrasal Verbs:- hang on- hang out- hang up* * *[hæŋ]past tense, past participle - hung; verb1) (to put or fix, or to be put or fixed, above the ground eg by a hook: We'll hang the picture on that wall; The picture is hanging on the wall.) wieszać, powiesić2) (to fasten (something), or to be fastened, at the top or side so that it can move freely but cannot fall: A door hangs by its hinges.) zawiesić, wisieć3) ((past tense, past participle hanged) to kill, or to be killed, by having a rope put round the neck and being allowed to drop: Murderers used to be hanged in the United Kingdom, but no-one hangs for murder now.) wieszać (na szubienicy)4) ((often with down or out) to be bending, drooping or falling downwards: The dog's tongue was hanging out; Her hair was hanging down.) zwisać, opadać5) (to bow (one's head): He hung his head in shame.) zwiesić•- hanger- hanging
- hangings
- hangman
- hangover
- get the hang of
- hang about/around
- hang back
- hang in the balance
- hang on
- hang together
- hang up -
10 clip
[klɪp] 1. n(also: paper clip) spinacz m; ( BRIT) (also: bulldog clip) klips m do papieru; ( for hose etc) klamra f, zacisk m; ( for hair) spinka f; (TV, FILM) clip m2. vt( fasten) przypinać (przypiąć perf); (also: clip together) spinać (spiąć perf); hedge przycinać (przyciąć perf); ( nails) obcinać (obciąć perf)* * *I 1. [klip] past tense, past participle - clipped; verb1) (to cut (foliage, an animal's hair etc) with scissors or shears: The shepherd clipped the sheep; The hedge was clipped.) strzyc2) (to strike sharply: She clipped him over the ear.) wyrżnąć2. noun1) (an act of clipping.) strzyżenie2) (a sharp blow: a clip on the ear.) kuksaniec3) (a short piece of film: a video clip.) urywek•- clipper- clipping II 1. [klip] past tense, past participle - clipped; verb(to fasten with a clip: Clip these papers together.) spinać2. noun(something for holding things together or in position: a paper-clip; a hair-clip; bicycle-clips (= round pieces of metal etc for holding the bottom of trouser legs close to the leg).) spinacz -
11 shine
[ʃaɪn] 1. npołysk m2. vi; pt, pp shone 3. vt; pt, pp shoneto shine a torch on sth — oświetlać (oświetlić perf) coś latarką
* * *1. past tense, past participle - shone; verb1) (to (cause to) give out light; to direct such light towards someone or something: The light shone from the window; The policeman shone his torch; He shone a torch on the body.) świecić2) (to be bright: She polished the silver till it shone.) błyszczeć3) ((past tense, past participle shined) to polish: He tries to make a living by shining shoes.) pucować4) ((often with at) to be very good (at something): He shines at games; You really shone in yesterday's match.) błyszczeć2. noun1) (brightness; the state of being well polished: He likes a good shine on his shoes; a ray of sunshine.) połysk2) (an act of polishing: I'll just give my shoes a shine.) polerowanie•- shining- shiny
- shininess -
12 speed
[spiːd] 1. n( rate) prędkość f, szybkość f; (fast travel, promptness, haste) szybkość f2. vi; pt, pp spedto speed (along/by) — pędzić (popędzić perf) (wzdłuż +gen /obok +gen); ( AUT) jechać z nadmierną prędkością, przekraczać (przekroczyć perf) dozwoloną prędkość
at full/top speed — z maksymalną prędkością
at a speed of 70km/h — z prędkością siedemdziesięciu kilometrów na godzinę
shorthand/typing speed — szybkość stenografowania/pisania na maszynie
Phrasal Verbs:- speed up* * *[spi:d] 1. noun1) (rate of moving: a slow speed; The car was travelling at high speed.) prędkość2) (quickness of moving.) prędkość2. verb1) ((past tense, past participles sped [sped] speeded) to (cause to) move or progress quickly; to hurry: The car sped/speeded along the motorway.) mknąć2) ((past tense, past participle speeded) to drive very fast in a car etc, faster than is allowed by law: The policeman said that I had been speeding.) przekraczać dozwoloną prędkość•- speeding- speedy
- speedily
- speediness
- speed bump
- speed trap
- speedometer
- speed up -
13 defer
[dɪ'fəː(r)]vtodraczać (odroczyć perf), wstrzymywać (wstrzymać perf)* * *I [di'fə:] past tense, past participle - deferred; verb(to put off to another time: They can defer their departure.) odkładaćII [di'fə] past tense, past participle - deferred; verb((with to) to act according to the wishes or opinions of another or the orders of authority: I defer to your greater knowledge of the matter.) zdawać się (na), podporządkowywać się- in deference to
- deferment
- deferral -
14 shear
[ʃɪə(r)]Phrasal Verbs:* * *[ʃiə]past tense - sheared; verb1) (to clip or cut wool from (a sheep).) strzyc2) ((past tense shorn: often with off) to cut (hair) off: All her curls have been shorn off.) obcinać3) ((past tense shorn: especially with of) to cut hair from (someone): He has been shorn (of all his curls).) strzyc4) (to cut or (cause to) break: A piece of the steel girder sheared off.) zerwać (się), pęknąć•- shears -
15 weave
[wiːv] 1. pt wove, pp woven, vt 2. vi ( fig); pt, pp weaved* * *[wi:v]past tense - wove; verb1) (to make by crossing strands in a pattern: to weave cloth.) tkać2) (to tell (an interesting story).) snuć3) ((past tense, past participle weaved) to move backwards and forwards or from side to side: The cyclist weaved in and out of the traffic.) kluczyć•- weaver -
16 imperfect
[ɪm'pəːfɪkt] 1. adj 2. n ( LING)(also: imperfect tense) czas m przeszły o aspekcie niedokonanym* * *[im'pə:fikt]1) (having a fault: This coat is being sold at half-price because it is imperfect.) wadliwy2) (( also noun) (a verb) of the tense expressing an action or state in the past which is not completed: The verb `go' in `I was going' is in the imperfect tense.) niedokonany•- imperfection -
17 shoot
[ʃuːt] 1. n( on branch) pęd m; ( on seedling) kiełek m; (SPORT) polowanie nt2. vt; pt, pp shotarrow wystrzelić ( perf); gun (wy)strzelić ( perf) z +gen; ( kill) zastrzelić ( perf); ( wound) postrzelić ( perf); ( execute) rozstrzeliwać (rozstrzelać perf); ( BRIT) game birds polować na +acc; film kręcić (nakręcić perf)3. vi; pt, pp shotto shoot (at) — strzelać (strzelić perf) (do +gen)
to shoot past/through — przemykać (przemknąć perf) obok +gen /przez +acc
to shoot into — wpadać (wpaść perf) do +gen
Phrasal Verbs:- shoot in- shoot up* * *[ʃu:t] 1. past tense, past participle - shot; verb1) ((often with at) to send or fire (bullets, arrows etc) from a gun, bow etc: The enemy were shooting at us; He shot an arrow through the air.) strzelać2) (to hit or kill with a bullet, arrow etc: He went out to shoot pigeons; He was sentenced to be shot at dawn.) strzelać do, rozstrzeliwać3) (to direct swiftly and suddenly: She shot them an angry glance.) rzucać4) (to move swiftly: He shot out of the room; The pain shot up his leg; The force of the explosion shot him across the room.) rzucać (się)5) (to take (usually moving) photographs (for a film): That film was shot in Spain; We will start shooting next week.) kręcić6) (to kick or hit at a goal in order to try to score.) strzelać7) (to kill (game birds etc) for sport.) polować2. noun(a new growth on a plant: The deer were eating the young shoots on the trees.) pęd- shoot down
- shoot rapids
- shoot up -
18 slide
[slaɪd] 1. n( downward movement) obniżanie się nt; ( moral etc) staczanie się nt; ( in playground) zjeżdżalnia f; ( PHOT) przeźrocze nt, slajd m; ( COMM) ( in prices) spadek m cen; ( of currency) spadek m kursu; (also: microscope slide) preparat m; ( BRIT) (also: hair slide) klamra f do włosów2. vt; pt, pp slid3. vito slide sth into sth — wsuwać (wsunąć perf) coś do czegoś
przesuwać się (przesunąć się perf), sunąćto let things slide ( fig) — zaniedbywać (zaniedbać perf) sprawy
* * *1. past tense, past participle - slid; verb1) (to (cause to) move or pass along smoothly: He slid the drawer open; Children must not slide in the school corridors.) ślizgać (się)2) (to move quietly or secretly: I slid hurriedly past the window; He slid the book quickly out of sight under his pillow.) wsunąć (się), posuwać (się), przesuwać (się)2. noun1) (an act of sliding.) ślizganie (się)2) (a slippery track, or apparatus with a smooth sloping surface, on which people or things can slide: The children were taking turns on the slide in the playground.) ześlizg, zjeżdżalnia3) (a small transparent photograph for projecting on to a screen etc: The lecture was illustrated with slides.) przezrocze4) (a glass plate on which objects are placed to be examined under a microscope.) szkiełko5) ((also hair-slide) a (decorative) hinged fastening for the hair.) spinka do włosów•- sliding door -
19 sweep
[swiːp] 1. n( act) zamiecenie nt; ( curve) łuk m, krzywizna f; ( range) krąg m; (also: chimney sweep) kominiarz m2. vt; pt, pp swept( brush) zamiatać (zamieść perf); ( with hand) zgarniać (zgarnąć perf); current znosić (znieść perf)3. vi; pt, pp sweptPhrasal Verbs:- sweep up* * *[swi:p] 1. past tense, past participle - swept; verb1) (to clean (a room etc) using a brush or broom: The room has been swept clean.) zamiatać2) (to move as though with a brush: She swept the crumbs off the table with her hand; The wave swept him overboard; Don't get swept away by (= become over-enthusiastic about) the idea!; She swept aside my objections.) zmiatać, porywać3) (to move quickly over: The disease/craze is sweeping the country.) ogarniać, zalewać4) (to move swiftly or in a proud manner: High winds sweep across the desert; She swept into my room without knocking on the door.) majestatycznie wejść, wpłynąć2. noun1) (an act of sweeping, or process of being swept, with a brush etc: She gave the room a sweep.) zamiatanie2) (a sweeping movement: He indicated the damage with a sweep of his hand.) zamaszysty ruch3) (a person who cleans chimneys.) kominiarz4) (a sweepstake.) totalizator•- sweeper- sweeping
- sweeping-brush
- at one/a sweep
- sweep someone off his feet
- sweep off his feet
- sweep out
- sweep the board
- sweep under the carpet
- sweep up -
20 torpedo
[tɔː'piːdəu]pl torpedoes, ntorpeda f* * *[to:'pi:dəu] 1. plural - torpedoes; noun(an underwater missile fired at ships: an enemy torpedo.) torpeda2. verb(3rd person singular present tense torpedoes: past tense, past participle torpedoed - to attack, damage or destroy with torpedoes: The ship was torpedoed.) (s)torpedować
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