to+unite+against+sb

con-flīgo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. and n.

Act. (rare), to strike one thing against or on another, to strike, bring, or join together, to unite.

Prop.:

semina,

Lucr. 4, 1216 (but in id. 2, 98, the read. is confulta; v. confultus).—

Trop., to oppose in comparison, to contrast:

factum adversarii cum scripto,

Cic. Inv. 2, 43, 126.—

Neutr., to be in conflict, to contend, fight, combat.

Prop. (freq. and class. in prose and poetry); constr. with cum, contra, adversus, inter se, or absol.

With cum:

manu cum hoste confligere,

Cic. Off. 1, 23, 81; id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28; id. Tusc. 4, 22, 50; id. Dom. 25, 66; Sall. C. 57 fin.; Liv. 4, 17, 8:

cum Hannibale acie,

id. 30, 19, 11; Suet. Vesp. 4.—

Contra: contra sceleratissimam conspirationem hostium, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, a, 5.—

Adversus:

adversus Rhodiorum classem,

Nep. Hann. 8 fin. —

Absol.:

ad confligendum venientibus undique Poenis,

Lucr. 3, 833:

armis,

Cic. Pis. 9, 20; id. Caecin. 16, 46:

angusto mari,

Nep. Them. 4, 5:

duas aquilas in conspectu omnium conflixisse,

Suet. Vesp. 5.—

Transf., of inanim. subjects:

confligunt hiemes aestatibus,

Lucr. 6, 373:

adversi venti Confligunt,

Verg. A. 2, 417.—

Trop.:

causae, quae inter se confligunt,

Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 25:

illae (naves) adeo graviter inter se incitatae conflixerunt, ut vehementissime utraque ex concursu laboraret,

Caes. B. C. 2, 6; cf. Quint. 3, 6, 12; 7, 7, 4. —Of a contest in words:

leviore actione confligere,

Cic. Caecin. 3, 8; so impers., Quint. 5, 7, 3; Cic. Fin. 4, 2, 3.

con-vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4 ( fut. convenibo, Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 18), v. n. and a.

To come together, meet together, assemble (class. and freq.).

In gen.:

milites, qui ex provinciā convenerant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8:

omnes... eo convenerant,

id. ib. 3, 16:

totius fere Galliae legati ad Caesarem gratulatum convenerunt,

id. ib. 1, 30:

quanto multitudo hominum ad hoc judicium,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 11:

amici privatique hospites ad eum defendendum convenerunt,

Nep. Timoth. 4, 2:

ad clamorem hominum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 37:

ad delectationem,

Quint. 3, 4, 6:

Pericles, cum haberet collegam Sophoclem, iique de communi officio convenissent,

id. Off. 1, 40, 144:

nunc ita convenimus, ut possemus dicere, etc.,

id. Phil. 3, 2, 5:

quoniam convenimus ambo,

Verg. E. 5, 1; id. A. 1, 361 al.—With the place to or at which, usu. designated by in and acc.:

mei capitis servandi causā Romam Italia tota convenit,

Cic. Pis. 15, 34; id. Div. 2, 23, 50:

unum in locum omnes,

Caes. B. G. 4, 19:

in coetus scholarum,

Quint. 2, 9, 2:

in consilium frequentes,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 71:

reguli in unum convenere,

Sall. J. 11, 2:

tribuni plebis non desistebant clam inter se convenire,

Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 12:

et ex proximis hibernis et a Caesare conventura subsidia,

Caes. B. G. 5, 28 fin.: convenientis manus dissipare, Auct. B. G. 8, 6.—Rarely with in and abl., or with advv. of place (mostly post-Aug.):

uno in loco omnes adversariorum copiae convenissent,

Cic. Div. 2, 24, 52 B. and K.; cf.: quanta illic multitudo convenisse dicebatur, id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160 B. and K. (al. illuc):

in coloniā Agrippiensi in domum privatam conveniunt,

Tac. H. 4, 55.—

Transf., of inanim. and abstr. subjects:

munera multa huc ab amatoribus,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 44:

huc convenit utrumque bivium,

Plin. 6, 28, 32, § 144; cf.:

oppi dum in quo omnis negotiatio ejus (Arabiae) convenit,

id. 6, 28, 32, § 157:

cum multae causae convenisse unum in locum atque inter se congruere videntur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 62; so id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 4, 4.—

In partic.

Publicist. t. t. of civil communities which belong in jurisdiction to some chief city:

ex his civitatibus, quae in id forum convenirent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:

Carthaginem conveniunt populi LXV.,

Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 25; cf.:

ibi Aethiopicae convenere naves,

id. 5, 28, 29, § 105.—

Jurid. t. t.:

in manum, of a woman who in marriage (by usus, confarreatio, or coëmptio, q. v.) comes into the hands (manus) of her husband,

Cic. Fl. 34, 84; id. Top. 3, 14; Quint. 5, 10, 62; Gai Inst. 3, 84:

viro in manum,

Cic. Top. 4, 23:

in manum flaminis,

Tac. A. 4, 16 et saep.—

In the same sense: in matrimonium alicujus,

Dig. 45, 1, 121, § 1:

in matrimonium cum viro,

to marry, Gell. 18, 6, 8; or, in nuptias, Cod. Th. 3, 7, 11.—

Act., to go to one to speak to him, make a request of him, etc., to address, accost, meet, visit:

haut multos homines nunc videre et convenire quam te mavellem,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 16; id. Pers. 5, 2, 74 al.; Ter. And. 1, 3, 22:

(Helvetii) cum eum (sc. Caesarem) in itinere convenissent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 27:

adversarios ejus,

Nep. Dion, 8, 3:

illum Atilium,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 50:

neminem conveni—convenio autem cottidie plurimos—quin omnes, etc.,

id. Fam. 9, 14, 1:

Bruti pueri Laodiceae me convenerunt,

id. ib. 3, 7, 1.— Pass.:

Balbus tantis pedum doloribus afficitur, ut se conveniri nolit,

Cic. Fam. 6, 19, 2:

nec eum (Lentulum) a minore Balbo conventum,

id. Att. 9, 6, 1:

quod conveniundi patris me tempus capere jubebat,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 9; Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 7; Nep. Dion, 9, 3 al. — Absol.:

aditum petentibus conveniendi non dabat,

Nep. Paus. 3, 3.—

Jurid. t. t., to meet one judicially, to sue, bring an action against, summon before a tribunal:

ut heredes ex stipulatu conveniri possint,

Dig. 10, 2, 20; 50, 1, 17:

de peculio,

Paul. Sent. 2, 31:

pro parte dimidiā,

Dig. 17, 1, 59 et saep.—Also with abstr. objects:

dolum aut culpam eorum,

Dig. 26, 7, 38:

nomen,

ib. 42, 1, 15.

Pregn.

To come together, to unite, join, combine, couple (cf. coëo, II.).

Lit., so mostly of the coition of animals, Lucr. 2, 922; Plin. 11, 24, 29, § 85; App. M. 6, p. 177, 38 al.—Of the union of atoms:

Tandem conveniant ea (primordia) quae convecta repente Magnarum rerum fiunt exordia,

Lucr. 5, 429.—

Trop.

With personal subject, to agree with in wishes, decisions, etc., to accord, harmonize (rare;

late Lat.),

Hyg. Astr. 2, 4; Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 29; Paul. Sent. 1, 1, § 5 (but in Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, the v. 130 is spurious; v. Ritschl, prol. ad Trin. p. 131).—Far more freq.,

Res convenit or impers. convenit, it is agreed upon, or there is unanimity in respect to something, the matter is decided.

Res convenit, constr. alicui cum aliquo, inter aliquos, or absol.:

cum his mihi nec locus nec sermo convenit,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 10:

haec fratri mecum non conveniunt neque placent,

Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 34:

de dote mecum conveniri nil potest,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 168:

hoc mihi cum tuo fratre convenit,

Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 87; Liv. 2, 39, 8; Quint. 3, 6, 91:

pax, quae cum T. Quinctio convenisset,

Liv. 34, 43, 2; cf.:

pax convenit,

Sall. J. 38 fin.; Liv. 1, 3, 5; 30, 43, 8:

in eas condiciones cum pax conveniret,

id. 29, 12, 14 al.; and:

cum imperatoribus Romanis pacem conventam fuisse,

Sall. J. 112, 2:

ratio accepti atque expensi inter nos,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 146:

eo signo quod convenerat revocantur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 28:

quod tempus inter eos committendi proelii convenerat,

id. B. G. 2, 19:

neminem voluerunt majores nostri esse judicem, nisi qui inter adversarios convenisset,

Cic. Clu. 43, 120; so,

judex inter eos,

Val. Max. 2, 8, 2:

posse rem convenire... si posset inter eos aliquid convenire,

Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53:

dum rem conventuram putamus,

id. Att. 9, 6, 2:

si in eo manerent, quod convenisset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 36: [p. 463] in colloquium convenit;

condiciones non convenerunt,

Nep. Hann. 6, 2; cf. Liv. 30, 40, 14; 38, 11, 1 al.:

postquam ardentia vidit castra magister equitum (id convenerat signum),

id. 9, 23, 15:

signum,

Suet. Oth. 6:

omnia conventura,

Sall. J. 83, 2.— Pass.:

pacem conventam frustra fuisse,

Sall. J. 112, 2:

quibus conventis,

Liv. 30, 43, 7.—

Convenit, constr. alicui cum aliquo, inter aliquos, with ut, the acc. and inf., with de and abl., or absol.:

mihi cum Deiotaro convenit, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 14:

idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis, an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?

id. Lig. 6, 18:

quicum optime convenisset,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 147:

nunc ita convenit inter me atque hunc, ut, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 2. 3, 19:

non modo inter Patres, sed ne inter consules quidem ipsos satis conveniebat,

Liv. 2, 23, 14:

conveniat mihi tecum necesse est, ipsum fecisse, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; Sen. Ben. 7, 4, 5; id. Brev. Vit. 7, 3:

inter omnis vero convenit, Sibyllam ad Tarquinium Superbum tris libros attulisse,

Plin. 13, 13, 27, § 88; cf. Suet. Vesp. 25: convenit, jam inde per consules reliqua belli perfecta, it is generally asserted, homologeitai, Liv. 9, 16, 1; cf. Suet. Claud. 44 et saep.:

cum de facto convenit, et quaeritur, etc.,

Cic. Inv. 1, 8, 11; id. Fin. 4, 26, 72:

de duobus minus convenit,

Liv. 2, 33, 2; Quint. 1, 4, 17; Col. 2, 9 init.; Sen. Clem. 2, 7, 4; Gell. 2, 22, 2:

quamquam de hoc parum convenit,

Quint. 5, 10, 2:

quaedam sunt, de quibus inter omnes convenit,

id. 2, 12, 2; 4, 5, 28; Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 9; Liv. 42, 25, 11; Sen. Q. N. 2, 12, 2; Plin. Pan. 29, 5:

ubi de pace non convenit, signa cecinere,

Flor. 2, 6, 59 al.:

convenit, victi utri sint eo proelio, Urbem, agrum, etc.... seque uti dederent,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 70:

convenerat, ne interloquereris,

Sen. Clem. 1, 9, 9; cf.:

quibus consulibus interierit non convenit,

Nep. Hann. 13, 1:

pacto convenit, etc.,

Liv. 24, 6, 7; Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 80:

omnis exercitus, uti convenerat. Numidiā deductus, etc.,

Sall. J. 39, 4:

Patres igitur jurati (ita enim convenerat),

Liv. 30, 40, 12:

pro argento si aurum dare mallent, darent convenit,

id. 38, 11, 8.—

To fit with, in, or to something, to suit, be adapted to.

Lit. (rare):

quae (cupa) inter orbes conveniat... quae (fistula) in columellam conveniat,

Cato, R. R. 21, 1:

conveniebatne in vaginam tuam machaera militis?

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 85:

si cothurni laus illa esset, ad pedem apte convenire,

Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 46.—More freq.,

Transf.: res convenit, or impers. convenit, the thing (or it) is fit, becoming, seemly, suitable, appropriate, proper, serviceable for something, it becomes, = consentit, congruit.

Res convenit, constr. with in or ad aliquid, cum aliquā re, the dat., acc., acc. and inf., or absol.

In or ad aliquid:

ceterae vites in quemvis agrum conveniunt,

Cato, R. R. 6 fin.; cf. Varr. R. R. 1, 19, 1:

quid minus in hunc ordinem convenit? etc.,

Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 8:

convenire quae vitia in quemvis videntur potius, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 49, § 128; id. Rosc. Am. 23, 65:

hoc in te unum,

id. N. D. 2, 29, 74 Orell. N. cr. nullam contumeliam jacere potueris, quae non ad maximam partem civium conveniret, id. Sull. 7, 23.—

Cum aliquā re:

haec tua deliberatio non mihi convenire visa est cum oratione Largi,

Cic. Fam. 6, 8, 2; so id. Fin. 3, 22, 73 al.—

With dat.:

num videntur convenire haec nuptiis?

Ter. And. 2, 2, 29; so Cic. Prov. Cons. 17, 41; id. Fin. 3, 22, 74; Sall. J. 85, 40; Quint. 6, 3, 25; Suet. Galb. 14 et saep.—

With acc.:

itidem ut tempus anni, aetatem aliam aliud factum convenit,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 24 dub. (Lachm. ap. Lucr. p. 64, conj. condecet).—

With acc. and inf.:

hoc non convenit, me... agrum habere,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 55; so Prop. 2, 1, 41.—

With in and abl.:

nihil autem minus in perfecto duce quam festinationem... convenire arbitrabatur,

Suet. Aug. 25.—

Absol.: hanc mi expetivi, contigit;

conveniunt mores, etc.,

Ter. And. 4, 2, 13:

nomen non convenit,

id. ib. 5, 4, 39; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 3 (cf. impers.: rationes conferatis; adsidunt;

subducunt: ad nummum convenit,

Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12):

non bene conveniunt, nec in unā sede morantur Majestas et amor,

Ov. M. 2, 846:

medius ille orationis modus maxime convenit,

Quint. 6, 2, 19 et saep.—

Convenit, impers., constr. with a clause as subject (so esp. freq. in Lucr. and the elder Pliny).

Haud convenit, unā ire cum amicā imperatorem in viā, Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 41:

convenit illud in his rebus obsignatum habere, Lucr 2, 582: per se sibi vivere,

id. 3, 685:

dicere causas leti,

id. 6, 708 et saep.:

quo maxime contendi conveniat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 85, 2:

convenit Evandri victos discedere ad urbem,

Verg. A. 12, 184; so Hor. A. P. 226; Vell. 1, 3, 2; Quint. 7, 3, 9; Plin. 18, 13, 33, § 126; cf. id. 33, 1, 5, § 15 Sillig.—

With ut:

quī enim convenit, ut? etc.,

Cic. Phil. 7, 2, 4 (al. evenit):

si tibi curae Quantae conveniat Munatius,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 31; cf. Quint. 8, 6, 63. —To express assent:

convenit,

well, it is agreed, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 54.—Hence,

convĕnĭens, entis, P. a.

(Acc. to II. A. 2.) Agreeing, consistent, accordant, harmonious (syn.:

consentiens, concors, congruens): bene convenientes propinqui,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 58; cf.:

convenientes optime propinqui cognatique,

id. Rosc. Am. 34, 96; Suet. Tib. 7:

recta et convenientia et constantia natura desiderat,

Cic. Off. 3, 8, 35:

conveniens et conjuncta constantia inter augures,

id. Div. 2, 39, 82:

motus,

Lucr. 1, 1029; cf.:

inter se motus,

id. 2, 941.—More frequently,

(Acc. to II. B. 2.) Fitting to something, appropriate to, meet, fit, suitable, = congruens; constr. with cum, the dat., ad aliquid, inter se, in and acc. or abl., or absol.

With cum (rare): motus oris conveniens cum ipsius verbi demonstratione, Nigid. ap. Gell. 10, 4, 4:

dies conveniens cum populi vultu,

Ov. P. 2, 1, 28.—

With dat. (very freq.):

nihil in hac praeclarā epistulā scriptum ab Epicuro congruens et conveniens decretis ejus reperietis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 99; Quint. 3, 11, 20; 6, 3, 102 al.; Suet. Tib. 50; Hor. A. P. 316; Ov. P. 3, 9, 36 et saep.:

aut sibi convenientia finge,

Hor. A. P. 119; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 11:

bono civi convenientissimum credidi amplecti, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 1:

disciplina convenientissima,

Vell. 1, 6, 3.—

Ad aliquid (rare):

nihil est tam conveniens ad res vel secundas vel adversas,

Cic. Lael. 5, 17:

sonus ad formam tauri,

Ov. Ib. 436.—

In aliquid (very rare):

forma in illam conveniens amplitudinem,

Vell. 2, 29, 2.—

In aliquā re:

gratulatio conveniens in eā victoriā,

Liv. 45, 19, 3.—

Inter se (rare):

in vitā omnia sint apta inter se et convenientia,

Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144:

inter se motus,

Lucr. 2, 941.—

Absol. (rare):

quod sit aptum atque conveniens,

Quint. 5, 10, 123:

toga,

fitting, fitting close, Ov. A. A. 1, 514:

nihil convenientius ducens, quam, etc.,

Suet. Aug. 10.—

Conveniens est = convenit, consentaneum est, it is fit, proper, becoming, suitable (post-Aug. and rare; cf.

congruens): convenientius est dici,

Plin. 34, 7, 16, § 35.— Sup., Plin. Pan. 87, 1; id. Ep. 10, 3 (20), 2.— Adv.: convĕnĭen-ter, fitly, suitably, conformably, consistently (syn.. congruenter, constanter; class.;

most freq. in Cic.): convenienter cum naturā vivere (with congruere),

Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 82:

convenienter naturae vivere (with congruenter),

id. Fin. 3, 7, 26; cf. id. Off. 3, 3, 13 al.; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 12:

convenienter sibi dicere (with constanter),

Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Ov. A. A. 3, 546:

convenienter ad praesentem fortunae statum loqui,

Liv. 23, 5, 4.— Sup., Aug. Civ. Dei, 18, 44.—

con-ventum, i, n. (acc. to II. A. 2.), an agreement, compact, covenant, convention, accord (in good prose):

facere promissa, stare conventis, reddere deposita,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95; 1, 10, 32; id. Part. Or. 37, 130; Liv. 29, 24, 3; Sil. 1, 10 al.—As a jurid. expression, very freq. in the connection pactum conventum (for which the MSS. sometimes, perh. through interpolation, give pactum et conventum), Cic. Part. Or. 37, 130; id. de Or. 2, 24, 100; id. Caecin. 18, 51; id. Att. 6, 3, 1; Juv. 6, 25; v. pactum.

mīlĕs (MEILES, Inscr. Mur. 582; late form, milex, Gromat. Vet. p. 246, 19), ĭtis, comm. [Sanscr root mil-, to unite, combine; cf.:

mille, milites, quod trium millium primo legio fiebat, ac singulae tribus Titiensium, Ramnium, Lucerum milia singula militum mittebant,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 Müll.], a soldier.

Lit.

In gen.:

miles, qui locum non tenuit,

Cic. Clu. 46, 128: legere milites, to levy, raise, Pompei, ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12 a, 3:

scribere,

to enlist, enroll, Sall. J. 43, 3:

deligere,

Liv. 29, 1:

ordinare,

to form into companies, id. ib.:

mercede conducere,

to hire, take into one's pay, id. ib. 29, 5:

dimittere,

to dismiss, Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2:

miles tremulus,

i. e. Priam, Juv. 10, 267:

miles cum die, qui prodictus sit, aberat, neque excusatus erat, infrequens dabatur,

Gell. 16, 4, 5.—

In partic., of foot-soldiers, infantry, in opp. to eques:

tripartito milites equitesque in expeditionem inisit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 10: v. eques.—Opp. to the general: miles gregarius, or miles alone, a common soldier, private:

strenui militis et boni imperatoris officia simul exsequebatur,

Sall. C. 60, 4; id. J. 62; Vell. 2, 18, 1 volgus militum, Liv. 22, 30, 7:

maritim as,

a soldier in sea-service, marine, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 61.—

Transf.

Collect., the soldiery, the army (esp. freq. in the postAug. per.), Liv. 22, 57 fin.; Verg. A. 2, 495; Vell. 1, 15, 1; 2, 78, 2; Tac. A. 1, 2; 24; 2, 16; Juv. 10, 155; 16, 18 et saep.—

Under the emperors, an armed servant of the emperor, court-official, Cod. Th. 11, 1, 34; Dig. 4, 6, 10.—

A chessman, pawn, in the game of chess:

discolor ut recto grassetur limite miles,

Ov. Tr. 2, 477.—

Fem., of a woman who is in childbed for the first time:

et rudis ad partūs et nova miles eram,

Ov. H. 11, 48.—Of a nymph in the train of Diana:

miles erat Phoebes,

Ov. M. 2, 415.—

(Eccl. Lat.) Of a servant of God or of Christ, struggling against sin, etc.:

bonus Christi,

Vulg. 2 Tim. 2, 3.

ob-lĭgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.

Lit.

To bind or tie around, to bind or fasten to any thing (very rare):

obligatus corio,

bound in a leathern sack, Auct. Her. 1, 13, 23:

articulis muscus obligatus,

bound upon, Plin. 26, 11, 66, § 105: cibum ovis, to bind or unite with eggs, Apic. 4, 2:

amylo spisso obligare,

id. 2, 2; 8, 2.—

To bind together, bind up (rare):

pecua ad hanc collo in crumena ego obligata defero,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 1, 64: age obliga, obsigna cito, tie up (the letter, in order to seal it), id. Bacch. 4, 4, 96:

manipulos,

Col. 11, 2, 40.—

To bind up, bandage, swathe (class., esp. of wounds):

crus fractum,

Plaut. Men. 5, 3, 9:

vulnus,

Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 57; cf.:

medicum requirens, a quo obligetur,

to bind up his wounds, id. Tusc. 2, 16, 38; Suet. Vit. 2:

venas,

to bandage the veins, Tac. A. 6, 9:

surculum libro,

Varr. R. R. 1, 41, 2:

oculos,

Sen. Ira, 3, 11, 4:

ore obligato obsignatoque simulacrum,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 65.—

Trop.

In gen., to bind, oblige, put under an obligation, make liable, etc. (cf.:

obstringo, devincio): aliquem obligare militiae secundo sacramento,

bind by a second oath, swear in again, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36:

vadem tribus milibus aeris,

to bind in the sum of, Liv. 3, 13:

voti sponsio, quā obligamur deo,

Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 41; Liv. 9, 11:

se nexu,

Cic. Mur. 2, 3: se in acta cujusquam, Tib. ap. Suet. Tib. 67:

se chirographo ad aliquid,

Dig. 30, 103:

aliquem sibi liberalitate,

to bind to one's self, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 14, 3:

obligabis me,

will oblige me, lay me under an obligation, Plin. Ep. 4, 4, 2; Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5:

obligari foedere,

Liv. 38, 33: pro amicis alicui obligari, to lay one's self under obligation, i. e. to solicit favors, Plin. Ep. 10, 3, 1:

obligor ipse tamen,

Ov. M. 9, 248:

obligatus ei nihil eram,

was under no obligation to him, Cic. Fam. 6, 11, 1:

me obligatum tibi fore,

id. Att. 13, 18:

obligati sunt interrogatum,

Amm. 28, 4, 10.— Poet.:

Prometheus obligatus aliti,

devoted, condemned to, Hor. Epod. 17, 67:

ergo obligatam redde Jovi dapem,

vowed, due, id. C. 2, 7, 17:

obligor, ut tangam laevi fera litora Ponti,

am compelled, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 83.—

In partic.

To render liable through guilt, to make guilly:

cum populum Romanum scelere obligāsses,

Cic. Dom. 8, 20:

votis caput,

Hor. C. 2, 8, 5:

se scelere,

Suet. Caes. 42: se furti, Scaev. ap. Gell. 7, 15, 2.— Pass., to be guilty of, to commit an offence:

est enim periculum, ne aut neglectis iis impiā fraude, aut susceptis anili superstitione obligemur,

Cic. Div. 1, 4, 7; cf.:

lege Corneliā testamentariā obligatur,

offends against, Dig. 8, 10, 30.—

Jurid. t. t.

To bind, engage one (cf. obligatio, II. B.):

obligandi, solvendi sui causā,

Dig. 2, 13, 6, § 3:

se obligare,

ib. 4, 2, 7, § 1; 21, 1, 25, § 9.—

To pledge, pawn, mortgage a thing:

magistratui bona ejus obligantur,

Vitr. 10 praef.:

omnia praedia fratri,

Suet. Vesp. 4:

omnia bona sua pignori,

Dig. 20, 4, 21:

nam fundi et aedis obligatae sunt ob amoris praedium,

has a mortgage on it, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 4:

aedes pignori,

Dig. 39, 2, 44:

obligata praedia,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9.—

Transf., beyond the jurid. sphere:

obligare fidem suam,

to pledge one's word, Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 51.—

To impede, restrain, embarrass: judicio districtum atque obligatum esse, Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 24.—Hence, oblĭ-gātus, a, um, P. a., bound, obliged:

iisdem (officiis) me tibi obligatum fore,

Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2.— Comp.:

quanto quis melior et probior, tanto mihi obligatior abit,

Plin. Ep. 8, 2, 8:

ipsi obligati sunt,

ensnared, embarrassed, Vulg. Psa. 19, 9.

sŏlĭdo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [id.], to make firm, dense, or solid; to make whole or sound; to strengthen, fasten together (not ante-Aug., and for the most part only in the pass.; cf.: compono, reficio, stabilio).

Lit.:

(area) cretā solidanda,

Verg. G. 1, 179:

locus fistucationibus solidetur,

Vitr. 7, 1:

terra aëre,

id. 2, 3 fin.:

aedificia sine trabibus,

Tac. A. 15, 43; cf.

muri,

id. H. 2, 19:

ossa fracta,

Plin. 28, 16, 65, § 227; Plin. Ep. 8, 20, 4; cf.:

hi (nervi) incisi solidantur,

Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218; 24, 16, 95, § 152:

cartilago,

Cels. 8, 6:

fistulae stanno,

Plin. 34, 17, 48, § 160 et saep.— Poet.:

facies solidata veneno,

i. e. against decay, Luc. 8, 691.—

Trop.

To confirm, establish:

rem Romanam,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 33, 11: imperium Romanum ex diuturnā convulsione solidatum, Auct. Pan. ad Const. 1: illud etiam constitutione solidamus, ut, etc., establish, ordain, Cod. Th. 15, 9, 1.—

To unite:

viro uxorem unius corporis compage,

Lact. Epit. 6.—

To correct: rationes, Ps.-Ascon. ap. Cic. Verr. 1, 36.

   The officially sanctioned political movement of regime loyalists during the Estado Novo. Founded in 1930, the "National Union," whose name may have been modeled in part on the "Patriotic Union" of Spain's Primo de Rivera dictatorship (1923-30), was not a mass political party, but a movement whose purpose was to support the policies and aims of the Estado Novo. The strategy of the founders, in particular, Prime Minister Antônio de Oliveira Sala- zar, was that an organization like the União Nacional would unite diverse groups in one movement, including warring monarchists and republicans, and would replace political parties. After 1935, when all political parties and other associations such as the Masons were banned by the government, the União Nacional was the only legal political "party." In all future elections during the Estado Novo, this organization sponsored all regime candidates, who were hand-picked by Salazar and close associates. Only beginning with the 1942 municipal elections, under severe restrict ions, were opposition candidates allowed to run against the União Nacional slates. Membership in the União Nacional for a long period was compulsory for most government employees.

    See also Salazarism.

συνάγω [pron. full] [ᾰ], [tense] impf. συνῆγον, [dialect] Dor.

A

- ᾶγον A.Th. 756

(lyr.), prob. in E.IA 290 (lyr.), [dialect] Ep.

σύνᾰγον Il.14.448

: [tense] fut. συνάξω: [tense] aor. 1 συνῆξα, [dialect] Dor.

- ᾶξα GDI1772

,1791 (Delph., ii B.C.); inf. συνάξαι v.l. in Ev.Luc. 3.17; part. συνάξας f.l. for συννάξας in Hdt.7.60: but the regul. [tense] aor. is συνήγαγον: [dialect] Att. [tense] pf.

συνῆχα X.Mem.4.2.8

;

συναγήοχα Arist.Oec. 1346a28

(v.l. -γιοχ-, -γιωχ-, γειοχ-), Dsc.1.68, Iamb.VP35.254, etc.; [dialect] Dor.

συναγάγοχα Test.Epict.3.12

: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. συνῆγμαι, [dialect] Dor.

- ᾶγμαι Ti.Locr.101b

.--Old [dialect] Att. [full] ξυνάγω, which Hom. also uses metri gr.:—bring together, gather together:

I of persons, animals, etc., ἡ δὲ ξυνάγουσα γεραιὰς νηόν.. to the temple, Il.6.87, cf. Hdt.2.111, 3.150, etc.;

ἐς ἕνα Χῶρον σ. μυριάδα ἀνθρώπων Id.7.60

;

ἔνθα ποτ' Ὀρφεὺς σύναγεν δένδρεα μούσαις, σύναγεν θῆρας E.Ba. 563

(lyr.); ποίμνας Ὀλύμπου ς. S.Fr. 522; Ἕλληνας εἰς ἓν καὶ Φρύγας ς. E.Or. 1640, cf. Ar.Lys. 585 (anap.); σ. ἐς ὀλίγον crowd them into a narrow compass, Th.2.84;

σ. εἰς ταὐτόν Pl.Phdr. 256c

, cf. Tht. 194b; εἰς ἕν, εἰς μίαν ἀρχήν, Arist.Pol. 1280b13, 1299b13; much like συνοικίζω, ib. 1285b7.

2 bring together for deliberation or festivity,

βουλήν Batr.134

;

δικαστήριον Hdt.6.85

;

τοὺς στρατηγούς Id.8.59

;

ἐκκλησίαν τινὸς ἕνεκα Th.2.60

; ἔς τι, περί τινος, Id.1.120, X.HG7.1.27;

οἱ νόμοι σ. ὑμᾶς, ἵνα.. D.19.1

;

τὴν βουλὴν καὶ τὸν δῆμον Arist.Ath.43.3

; σ. πανηγύρεις, ἑταιρείας, συσσίτια, etc., Isoc.4.1,79, Pl.R. 365d, Lg. 625e, etc.;

σ. ἔρανον Μηνὶ Τυράννῳ IG3.74.21

, cf. GDI1772, 1791 (Delph., ii B.C.):—[voice] Pass.,

πανήγυρις.. συναγομένη SIG888.129

(Scaptopara, iii A.D.): abs., hold a club dinner or meeting, Thphr.Char.30.18, and so perh. OGI130.5 (Egypt, ii B.C.);

σ. ἀπὸ συμβολῶν Diph.43.28

;

ἔλεγον συνάγειν τὸ μετ' ἀλλήλων πίνειν Ath.8.365c

, cf. Sophil.4.2, Men.158, Hsch.; νυνὶ.. συνάγουσι they are at dinner, Men.Epit. 195.

3 in hostile sense, ξ. Ἄρηα, ἔριδα Ἄρηος, ὑσμίνην, join battle, begin the battle-strife, etc., Il.2.381, 5.861, 14.448, al.; πόλεμον ς. Isoc.4.84.

b match, pit two warriors one against the other, A.Th. 508: hence intr., ἐς μέσσον ς. engage in fight, Theoc.22.82;

σ. τινί Plb.11.18.4

;

εἰς Χεῖρας Plu.Publ.9

.

c collect or levy soldiers, X.HG 3.1.5, etc.; collect slaves for work, PMich.Zen.62.15 (iii B.C.).

4 bring together, join in one, unite,

ἄμφω ἐς φιλότητα h.Merc. 507

;

παράνοια σ. νυμφίους φρενώλεις A.Th. 756

(lyr.); τὸ κακὸν σέ τε κἀμὲ ς. E. Hel. 644 (lyr.), cf. Ar.Ach. 991 (lyr.);

ἀνθρώπους εἰς κηδείαν X.Mem.2.6.36

; γυναῖκα καὶ ἄνδρα, of Isis, IG12(5).14.20 (Ios, iii A.D.): hence γάμους ς. contract marriages, X.Smp.4.64.

5 bring together, make friends of, reconcile, Emp. ap. Arist.Metaph. 1000b11, D.58.42, 59.45; bring persons together in works of fiction,

Κρέοντα καὶ Τειρεσίαν Pl. Ep. 311b

.

6 σ. ἑαυτόν collect oneself, Plu.Phil.20.

7 lead with one, receive,

σ. εἰς τὸν οἶκον LXX 2 Ki.11.27

, cf. Jd.19.15;

ξένος ἤμην καὶ συνηγάγετέ με

gave hospitality to..,

Ev.Matt.25.35

:—[voice] Pass., Act.Ap.11.26.

II of things,

σύναγεν νεφέλας Od.5.291

, cf. Thphr.Vent.42;

ἵνα οἱ σὺν φόρτον ἄγοιμι Od.14.296

;

κήρυκες ὅρκια πιστὰ θεῶν σύναγον Il.3.269

;

τὰ Χρήματα ἐκ τῶν ἀγρῶν X.An.6.2.8

; τὸ ἔλαιον ἐν ἀγγείοις interpol. in Hdt.6.119;

τὰς εἰσφοράς Arist.Pol. 1314b15

, cf. PHib.1.157 (iii B.C.), PCair.Zen.315.1 (iii B.C.), etc.;

καρπόν Plb.12.2.5

;

κόγχον καὶ κύαμον Crates Theb.7

; τρυγᾶν καὶ ς. PRev.Laws 24.14 (iii B.C.); τὴν μήκωνα ς. Sammelb. 4305 (iii B.C.);

σ. εἰς μίαν γωνίαν τὸ ἀποκτένισμα τοῦ στιππύου PCair.Zen.176.41

(iii B.C.);

συναγαγεῖν καὶ συναθροῖσαι τὸ θερμόν Thphr.Ign.17

;

εἰς ἀποθήκας Ev.Matt.6.26

;

κοινὸν σ. τὸν βίον Pl.Plt. 311c

;

σ. ἐκ δικαίων τὸν βίον Men.Mon. 196

; of an artist,

σ. τὰ κάλλιστα ἐκ πολλῶν X. Mem.3.10.2

, cf. Pl.R. 488a.

b of a historical writer,

σ. τὰς πράξεις Isoc.12.252

, 15.45; συνηγμένος concise in speech, D.L.4.33; of an anthologist, ὅλας ῥήσεις εἰς ταὐτὸν ς. Pl.Lg. 811a; σ. εἰς ταὐτὸν τὰ κάλλιστα τοῖς αἰσχίστοις jumble together, identify, Aeschin.2.145, cf. Pl.Sph. 251d;

Σειληνὸν καὶ Μαρσύαν.. εἰς ἕν Str.10.3.14

.

2 draw together, so as to make the extremities meet, τὰ κέρεα (of an army) Hdt.6.113; Αἴας δὲ.. δεξιὸν κέρας πρὸς τὸ λαιὸν (dub. l.)

ξυνᾶγε E.IA 290

(lyr.);

σ. ἐς τετράγωνον τάξιν τοὺς ὁπλίτας Th.4.125

, cf. 1.63, etc.; σ. τὰ τέρματα, of two rivers which gradually approach one another, Hdt.4.52; σ. ἑαυτόν, of a snake, Arist.HA 594a19; σ. τοὺς πόρους, of a styptic, Thphr.Od.36; σ. τὰν ἁφάν, τὰν γεῦσιν, Ti.Locr. 101c; συναγμένα [φωνά] ib. 101b.

b draw together, narrow, contract, [ τὴν διώρυχα] Hdt.7.23; πρῴρην ς. bring it to a point, Id.1.194; τὸν.. Χρόνον ὡς εἰς μικρότατον ς. D.Prooem.36;

τὴν πόλιν Plb.5.93.5

, etc.;

ἐκ μεγάλας δαπάνας εἰς μικρόν IG12(2).645

a.16 (Nesos, iv B.C.):—[voice] Pass.,

συνάγεται καὶ διοίγεται ὁ φάρυγξ Arist.PA 664b25

;

εἰς ὀξὺ συνῆχθαι Id.HA 496a19

;

εἰς μικρόν Id.Mete. 354a7

, Democr. ap. Thphr.Ign.52; εἰς στενόν Didym. ap. Ath.11.477f;

ποτήριον συνηγμένον εἰς μέσον Callix.3

; συνῆκται ἡ κοιλία is pinched in, drawn in, Archig. ap. Aët.6.3;

ἐπὶ στενὸν συνάγεται τὸ στόμιον Sor.1.9

.

c

σ. τὰς ὀφρῦς S.Fr. 1121

, Ar.Nu. 582 (troch.), Antiph.218.2;

ἐπισκύνιον Ar.Ra. 823

(lyr.);

τὰ ὄμματα Arist.Pr. 958a21

; σ. τὰ βλέφαρα close the eyelids, ib.38, Gal.18(2).62; but σ. τὰ ὦτα prick the ears, of dogs, X.Cyn.3.5, cf. Ar.Eq. 1348;

τὰ σκέλη πρὸς ἄλληλα Sor.1.101

, cf. 2.61 ([voice] Pass.), Diocl.Fr.141.

d metaph.,

σ. τινὰς ἐς κίνδυνον ἔσχατον App.Hann.60

; συνάγεσθαι to be straitened, afflicted, λιμῷ, σιτοδείᾳ, Plb.1.18.7,10; συνάγεσθαι τοῖς Χαρακτῆρσι to become pinched in its features, Sor.1.108; but πεφυκότος τοῦ θερμοῦ συνάγειν καὶ τονοῦν τὴν γαστέρα pull the stomach together, Gal.15.195; τὰ στύφοντα ἐδέσματα σ. καὶ σφίγγει τὰ σώματα ib.462, cf. 6.90, al.

3 conclude from premisses, infer, prove, Arist.Rh. 1357a8, 1395b25, Metaph. 1042a3, Pol. 1299b12, Phld.Sign.12, al.;

σ. ὅτι.. Arist.Rh. 1377b6

, cf. A.D. Conj.249.7: c. inf., Luc.Hist.Conscr.16: c. gen. abs., σ. ὥς τινος γενομένου form a conclusion of his having been.., Arist.Pol. 1274a25; συνάγοντες λόγοι cogent arguments, Stoic.2.77, Arr.Epict.1.7.12: also, sum up numbers, D.H.4.6, Ptol.Alm.9.10, Dioph.3.6, al.; also, obtain them by multiplication, ὁ συνηγμένος [ἀριθμὸς] ἐκ τῶν κβ καὶ πθ the product.., Aristarch.Sam.13, cf. Papp.22.7, Paul.Al.K.1; of division, give a quotient, Dioph.2.9; of an integer, yield a fraction (9 = 72/8), ib.12; of any calculation, yield a result, Id.1.25, al. ([voice] Pass.).

4 [voice] Pass., συνάγεται τᾷ περιφορᾷ is carried along with it, Ti.Locr.98e.

5 bring about,

τὸ τέλος τῆς νίκης App.BC1.101

; also σ. τι εἰς τέλος ib.5.145.

uxá `fish-soup' [f ā], uxú [Accs] \{1\}

júha (dial.) `soup, broth' [f ā];

Čak. jūhȁ (Vrgada) `soup, broth' [f ā] \{2\};

Čak. jūhȁ (Novi) `soup, broth' [f ā];

Čak. jūhȁ (Orbanići) `soup' [f ā], jȗho [Accs]

jū́šė `broth, soup' [f ā] 1

Comments: The fact that all in all the accentological evidence points to AP (b) is problematic in view of the laryngeal reflected by forms from other branches. If the root is identical with Skt. yu- `unite, attach, bind', we may reconstruct * ieu- alongside * ieuH, cf. Lith. jáuti, jaũti. In any case, Slavic has full grade, * ieu(H)-s- or * iou(H)-s-, against zero grade in Baltic.

Skt. yū́ṣ- (RV+) `broth' [n];

Lat. iūs `broth' [n]

\{1\} AP (b) is also attested in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 135). \{2\} According to Jurišić, this form is a recent designation of čõrba.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `bring under the yoke, unite' (Il.)

Other forms: Aor. ζεῦξαι, pass. ζυγῆναι, ζευχθῆναι, fut. ζεύξω, perf. pass. ἔζευγμαι (Il.), perf. act. ἔζευχα (Philostr.)

Compounds: often with prefix, ἀνα-, ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, κατα-, συ-, ὑπο- a. o.

Derivatives: 1. ζεῦξις `yoking, bridging' (Hdt.), often to prefixcompp., e. g. σύ-, διά-, ἐπί-ζευξις (IA). 2. ὑπο-, ἀνα-, παρα-, ἀπο-ζυγή etc. (since V<sup>a</sup>), as simplex only pap. (IV-VI<sup>p</sup>) meaning `pair'. 3. ζεῦγμα `what is used for joining, bridge of boats, canal-lock etc.' (Th., E., Plb.) with ζευγματικόν `payment for a ship through a canal-lock' (pap.). 4. ζεύγλη `part of a yoking' (`yoke-cushion, loop attached to the yoke through which the beasts' heads were put', cf. Delebecque Cheval 60 and 179) etc. (Il.; s. below). 5. ζεῦγος, s. v. 6. ζυγόν, s. v. 7. - ζυξ, s. ζυγόν. 8. ζευκτήριος `apt for yoking, connecting', n. `yoke' (A.), ζευκτηρίαι pl. `ropes two fasten a rudder' ( Act. Ap. 27, 40); later 9. ζευκτήρ `connecter' (J.), f. - ειρα (Orph.); cf. Chantraine Formation 45, 62f. and below. 10. ( δια- etc.) ζευκτικός (hell.). 11. ζευκτός (Str., Plu.; s. below).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [508] *i̯eug- `yoke, connect

Etymology: Bedie the athematic νυ-present ζεύγνυμι (with full grade; cf. δείκνυμι) the other languages have forms with inner nasal, Skt. yunák-ti `yokes, connects' (athem.), Lat. iung-ō (them.), Lith. jung-iù (jot pres.) `id.', or nasalless forms, Av. yaog-ǝt_ (3. sg. pret., athem.), yuǰ-yeite (3. sg., jot pras.). The other Greek forms too show full grade except the aorist ἐζύγην and the noun - ζυγη, e.g. the future and the σ-aorist (s. Schwyzer 751) but also the late nom. ag. ζευκτήρ (= Sktd. yoktár-), and the σι-(τι-)deriv. ζεῦξις and the late verbal adj. ζευκτός (against Sktd. (prá-)yukti-, yuktá-). - The λ-deriv. ζεύγ-λη is not connected with Lat. iŭgulum `clavicle' and Skt. yúgalam `pair'. S. also ζυγόν.

Page in Frisk: 1,609-610

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `order, good behaviour, ornament' (Il.), `world-ordening, world' (Pythag. or Parm.; Kranz Phil. 93, 430ff.), `order of the state, government' (IA.); name of the highest officials in Crete (backformation from κοσμέω?, Leumann Hom. Wörter 285f.; against this Ruijgh L'élément achéen 109).

Compounds: Several compp., e. g. κοσμο-ποιία `creation of the world' (Arist.), κοσμό-πολις m. name of an official of the town (hell.), prop. governing comp. = ὁ κοσμῶν πόλιν; independent is κοσμο-πολίτης `citizen of the world' (hell.; formed by the Cynics?, v. Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 275); εὔ-κοσμος `in good order' (Sol.).

Derivatives: 1. Diminut. κοσμ-άριον, - ίδιον, - αρίδιον `small ornament' (late); 2. κόσμιος `well-ordered, behaving well, moral, quiet' (IA.), `regarding the world' (Plu., Arr.) with κοσμιότης `civilization' (Att.); 3. κοσμικός `worldly, earthly, of the world' (hell.); 4. κοσμωτός `changed in a world' (hell.); 5. Κοσμώ f. name of a priestess (Lycurg.); Κοσμίας, Κοσμᾶς a. o. PN. - 6. Denomin. verb κοσμέω `order, govern, adorn' (Il.); with several derivv: κοσμητός `well ordered' (η 127; Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 17); κόσμησις `order, ornamentation' and κόσμημα `id.' (Att.); κοσμήτωρ `who orders, commander' (Il.) and κοσμητήρ `id.' Epigr. ap. Aeschin. 3, 185; s. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 120f.), f. κοσμήτειρα (Ephesos, Orph.; - ήτρια H.); κοσμητής `orderer, commander, who orders, adorns', also name of an official (Att.) with κοσμητεύω (- τέω) `be κοσμητής' (inscr., pap.), - τεία (pap.); κοσμητήριον `place with toilets' (Paus.), κόσμητρον `broom' (sch.); κοσμητικός `belonging to adorning' (Pl., Arist.; Chantraine Ét. sur le vocab. grec 135).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Formation in - μος (Schwyzer 492, Chantraine Formation 132); in spite of several attempts not convincingly explained. Many hypotheses of diff. value: to κεδνός, Κόδρος (Schulze GGA 1896, 235 = Kl. Schr. 698, Pisani AnFilCl 5, 93f., Kranz Phil. 93, 430ff.); to Lat. censeō etc. (Froehde KZ 23, 311, Zupitza Die germ. Gutt. 109, Brugmann Distr. 19, Dumézil BSL 42 p. XVI); to Lat. corpus, Slt. kálpate `be in order' (Brugmann IF 28, 358ff.); to Lat. cinnus `mixed drink' (Walde LEW¹ s. v.); to κομψός (WP. 1, 403); from *χόθμος to IE. * ghodh- `unite, be strongly connected' (Carnoy REGr. 69, 279f.).

Page in Frisk: 1,929-930

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `(happily) reach (some place), get away, return, get home' (Il.; on the aspect Bloch Suppl. Verba 38ff.); besides νίσομαι (- σσ-), only presentstem except for uncertain or late attestations of a supposed aorist νίσ(σ)ασθαι, often w. prefix. e.g. μετα-, ποτι-, ἀπο-, `drive, go, come' (Il.).

Other forms: contr. forms νεῦμαι, νεῖαι, νεῖται etc., only presentstem.

Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. ἀπο-.

Derivatives: 1. νόστος m. `return, home-coming, (happy) journey' (Il.), also `income, produce' (Trypho ap. Ath. 14, 618d; ἄ-νοστος `without yield' Thphr.); from it νόστιμος `belonging to the return' (Od.), also `giving produce, fruitful, feeding' (Call., Thphr., Plu.), NGr. `plaisant' (Arbenz 20 f., Chantraine Rev. de phil. 67, 129 ff., also Frisk Adj. priv. 8); denominative verb νοστέω, also w. prefix, e. g. ἀπο-, ὑπο-, περι-, `return, come home, jouney in gen.' (ep. poet. Il., also Hdt.) with ἀπο-, ὑπο-, περι-νόστησις f. `return, drawing back etc.' (late). -- 2. Νέστωρ, - ορος m. PN (Il.), litt. "who happily gets somewhere" v.t. conventional name without symbolic content; on the meaning (quite diff.) Palmer Eranos 54, 8 w. n. 4, also Kretschmer Glotta 12, 104f. against Meister HK228; from it Νεστόρεος (Il.; Aeol. for - ιος? Wackernagel Unt. 68f.), - ειος (Pi., E.), νεστορίς, - ίδος f. name of a beaker (Ath. 11, 487f).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [766] * nes- `return, heal'

Etymology: The themat. rootpresent νέομαι, which because of νόσ-τος must stand for *νέσ-ομαι, agrees formally with Germ., e.g. Goth. ga-nisan `heal, be saved', OE ge-nesan `escape, be saved, survive', NHG genesen; semantically the connection between these verbs is, which agree also as to the confective aspect (Bloch Suppl. Verba 39ff.) to each other, immediately clear. Semantically farther off stands the also formally identical Skt. násate `come near, approach, meet smbody, unite'; if the also connected Nā́satyā m., dual. indicating the Aśvins prop. means "Healers, Saviours", it fits well with νέομαι, ga-nisan with the caus. Goth. nasjan `save', OHG nerian `save, heal, feed' (cf. νόστος, - ιμος) etc. Less clear is Alb. knellem `recover, become lively again'; Jokl WienAkSb. 168: 1, 40); non-committal the comparison with Toch. A nasam, B nesau `I am'; quite diff. Pedersen Tocharisch 160 f. (On ναίω `live' s.v.) Cf. also ἄσμενος. -- In νί̄σομαι (false νίσσομαι) one supposes generally a reduplicated *νί-νσ-ομαι; on the phonetical problems (one would have expected *νί̄νομαι) see Brugmann-Thumb 332 and (with diff. explanation) Wackernagel KZ 29,136 (= Kl. Schr. 1, 639) as well as Bechtel Lex. s.v. (s. also Schwyzer 287 and Lasso de la Vega Emer. 22, 91 f.). The usual connection with Skt. níṃsate (\< * ni-ns-) `they kiss, touch with the mouth' (e.g. Brugmann Grundr.¹ II: 3, 106) is semantically rather in the air; cf. also Mayrhofer s.v. After Meillet BSL 27, 230 a. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 440 νίσ(σ)ομαι would rather be a desiderative with reduced vowelgrade and inner gemination; phonetically very difficult. -- Further details in WP. 2, 334f., Pok. 766f., Schwyzer 690 w. n. 4.

Page in Frisk: 2,