Перевод: с греческого на английский

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to+have+reached+the

  • 21 ἔσχατος

    ἔσχατος, η, ον (Hom.+) gener. ‘last’
    ① pert. to being at the farthest boundary of an area, farthest, last ὁ ἔσχατος τόπος, perh. to be understood locally of the place in the farthest corner Lk 14:9f (but s. 2 below).—Subst. τὸ ἔσχατον the end (schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1515a p. 319, 19 εἰς τὸ ἔσχατον τῆς νήσου; PTebt 68, 54 [II B.C.] of a document) ἕως ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς to the end of the earth (Is 48:20; 62:11; 1 Macc 3:9; PsSol 1:4; εἰς τὸ ἔ. τῆς γῆς TestSol 7:6 D) Ac 1:8 (CBurchard, D. Dreizehnte Zeuge, ’70, 134 n. 309; EEllis, ‘The End of the Earth’, Acts 1:8: Bulletin for Biblical Research 1, ’91, 123–32, tr. of his text in: Der Treue Gottes Trauen, Beiträge … für Gerhard Schneider, ed. CBussmann and WRadl ’91, 277–86 [Luke wrote in mid-60’s and Paul reached Gades in Spain]; BBecking, 573–76); 13:47; B 14:8 (the two last Is 49:6). Pl. (Hes., Theog. 731 and an oracle in Hdt. 7, 140 ἔσχατα γαίης; X., Vect. 1, 6; Diod S 1, 60, 5; Ael. Aristid. 35, 14 K.=9 p. 103 D.: ἔσχ. γῆς; Crates, Ep. 31 and Demosth., Ep. 4, 7 ἐπʼ ἔσχατα γῆς) τὰ ἔ. τῆς γῆς the ends of the earth 1 Cl 28:3 (Theocr. 15, 8; schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 2, 413–18b. With εἰς before it Ps 138:9).
    ② pert. to being the final item in a series, least, last in time
    ⓐ coming last or the last of someth. that is left w. ref. to its relation with someth. preceding Mt 20:12, 14; Mk 12:6, 22; J 8:9 v.l. Opp. πρῶτος (2 Ch 9:29 al.; Sir 24:28; 41:3): ἀπὸ τῶν ἐ. ἕως τῶν πρώτων Mt 20:8; cp. 27:64; 1 Cor 15:45 (ἔ. also the later of two, as Dt 24:3f ἔ. … πρότερος; hence 1 Cor 15:47 replaced by δεύτερος). Cp. Mt 21:31 v.l. ὁ. ἔ. the latter. Of things τὰ ἔσχατα Rv 2:19; Hv 1, 4, 2. τὰ ἔσχατα (in contrast to τὰ πρῶτα as Job 8:7; TestSol 26:8) the last state Mt 12:45; Lk 11:26; 2 Pt 2:20. Of the creation in the last days ποιῶ τ. ἔσχατα ὡς τ. πρῶτα (apocryphal quot.; cp. Hippolytus, Comm. on Daniel 4:37) B 6:13.
    ⓑ w. ref. to a situation in which there is nothing to follow the ἔ. (Diod S 19, 59, 6 κρίσιν ἐσχάτην τῆς περὶ Δημήτριον βασιλείας=the last [final] crisis in the reign of Demetrius; TestAbr B 3 p. 108, 3 [Stone p. 64] ἐσχατός μού ἐστιν): ἡ ἐ. ἡμέρα τ. ἑορτῆς (cp. 2 Esdr 18:18) J 7:37. τὴν ἐ. ἡμέραν τῆς ζωῆς Hv 3, 12, 2; ἐν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ αὐτοῦ ἡμέρᾳ in the last days of his life GJs 1:3 (cp. ApcEsd 7:10 ὥσπερ καὶ τὰ ἔσχατα τοῦ Ἰωσήφ). ὁ ἔ. κοδράντης (cp. 2 Esdr 15:15) Mt 5:26; Lk 12:59 v.l.; D 1:5; cp. 1 Cor 15:26, 52; Rv 15:1; 21:9. τὴν … ἐ. ῥάβδον GJs 9:1. τὰ ἔ. ῥήματα the last words (of a speech) Hv 1, 3, 3. As a self-designation of the Risen Lord ὁ πρῶτος καὶ ὁ ἒ. the first and the last Rv 1:17; 2:8; 22:13. Esp. of the last days, which are sometimes thought of as beginning w. the birth of Christ, somet. w. his second coming ἡ ἐ. ἡμέρα the last day (PViereck, Sermo Gr., quo senatus pop. Rom. magistratusque … usi sunt 1888 ins 29, 9 [116 B.C.] εἰς ἐσχάτην ἡμέραν=forever) J 6:39f, 44, 54; 11:24; 12:48 (ApcMos 41; BAebert, D. Eschatol. des J, diss. Bres. ’36); Hv 2, 2, 5. Pl. (Is 2:2) Ac 2:17; 2 Ti 3:1; Js 5:3; D 16:3; B 4:9. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τῶν ἡμερῶν τούτων (Num 24:14; Jer 23:20; 25:19) in these last days Hb 1:2. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτων τ. ἡμερῶν (Hos 3:5; Jer 37:24; Ezk 38:16) 2 Pt 3:3 (cp. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτων χρόνων 1 Pt 1:20 v.l.); 2 Cl 14:2; B 12:9; 16:5; Hs 9, 12, 3; GJs 7:2.—ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τοῦ χρόνου Jd 18; ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τ. χρόνων 1 Pt 1:20.—ἔ. καιρός vs. 5; D 16:2. Pl. (TestIss 6:1 ἐν ἐσχάτοις καιροῖς) IEph 11:1. ἐπʼ ἐ. [κα]ι̣ρ̣[ῶ]ν̣ AcPl Ha 8, 25 (Ox 1602, 39f reads ἐπʼ ἐ̣|σ̣χάτῳ τῶν καιρῶν, cp. BMM recto 33; ApcMos 13).—ἐ. ὥρα (Teles p. 17, 5) 1J 2:18.—The neut. ἔσχατον as adv. finally (SIG 1219, 11 [III B.C.]; POxy 886, 21; Num 31:2; Pr 29:21; Tat. 35, 1) ἔ. πάντων last of all Mk 12:22; 1 Cor 15:8 (PJones, TynBull 36, ’85, 3–34). S. lit. s.v. παρουσία.
    ③ pert. to furthest extremity in rank, value, or situation, last: last, least, most insignificant (opp. πρῶτος as Hierocles 23 p. 468: a human is ἔσχατος μὲν τῶν ἄνω, πρῶτος δὲ τῶν κάτω): (οἱ) πρῶτοι ἔσχατοι καὶ (οἱ) ἔσχατοι πρῶτοι Mt 19:30; 20:16; Mk 9:35 (πάντων ἔσχατος as Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 77 §322); 10:31; Lk 13:30; Ox 654, 25 (restored); 26 (=ASyn. 256, 55; GTh 4; Fitzmyer, Oxy. p. 523). τὸν ἔ. τόπον κατέχειν take the poorest place (in this sense the ἔ. τόπος would be contrasted with the ἐνδοξότερος, as Diog. L. 2, 73) Lk 14:9; cp. vs. 10 (but s. 1 above). Of the apostles, whom God has exhibited as the least among humans, by the misfortunes they have suffered (Diod S 8, 18, 3 the ἔσχατοι are the people living in the most extreme misery; Dio Chrys. 21 [38], 37 the tyrants treat you as ἐσχάτους; Cass. Dio 42, 5, 5 Πομπήιος … καθάπερ τις τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἔσχατος) 1 Cor 4:9. ἔ. τῶν πιστῶν IEph 21:2; cp. ITr 13:1; IRo 9:2; ISm 11:1. Of a very hazardous situation extreme εἰ … ἔ. κίνδυνον in extreme danger AcPl Ha 4, 15f (cp. Just., D. 46, 7 ὑπομένομεν τὰ ἐ. τιμωρία).—In a positive sense, utmost, finest εὐλόγησον αὐτὴν ἐσχάτην εὐλογίαν bless her with the ultimate blessing GJs 6:2 (s. de Strycker ad loc.; cp. Just., D. 32, 1 τῇ ἐ. κατάρᾳ w. the worst curse).—B. 940. Cp. τελευταῖο Schmidt Syn. IV 524–34. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἔσχατος

  • 22 πέπᾱμαι

    πέπᾱμαι
    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `to acquire' (Argos Va).
    Other forms: Aor. πά̄σασθαι, fut. πά̄σομαι `to possess, to acquire' (Dor., Arc., poet. since Pi., Sol.). Pres. ἐμ-πιπάσκομαι.
    Derivatives: 1. πᾶμα n. (Arc., Arg., Cret.), ἔππαμα n. (\< ἐμ-π-; Boeot.) `possession' with several continuants: πολυ-πάμων `wealthy' (Δ 433), ἐχέ-πᾱμον ( γένος) `having possessions, inheritor' (Locr.), ἔκ-παμον ἀκλήρωτον H; with transition in the o-stems: ἐμ-πάμῳ (cod. ἐμπαγμῶ) πατρώχῳ; ἐπι-\<πα\> ματ-ίδα την ἐπίκληρον H.; παμῶχος ὁ κύριος H. with παμωχέω `to possess' (Tab. Heracl.). 2. ἔμπᾱσις (Corc., Meg.), ἴνπ. (Arc.), ἔππ. (Boeot.) f. `acquisition', πᾶσις κτῆσις H. 3. παμ-πη-σία f. `full possession' (A., E., Ar.); cf. παρ-ρη-σία (Schwyzer 469). 4. πάτορες κτήτορες Phot., πᾱτήρ `possessor' (Critias; Fraenkel Nom.ag. 1, 182). 5. With analog. - σ- (Solmsen KZ 29, 114; diff. Fraenkel l.c.): πάστας m. `possessor, lord' (Gort.); also PN: Εὔ-παστος (Argiv.), Γυνο-, Θιό-ππαστος (Boeot.), prob. also πέπασται (Thgn. 663).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [592] *ḱu̯eh₂- `swell'(?)
    Etymology: From τὰ ππάματα (Boeot.), Γυνό-ππαστος a.o. appears an orig. IE *ḱu̯, from where - ππ- (cf. ἵππος), anlaut. π- (from there πέ-παμαι etc.). So πέ-πᾱ-μαι, πά̄-σασθαι, πά̄-σομαι with monosyll. full grade (IE *ḱu̯ā-) as in μέ-μνη-μαι, (Dor. -μνᾱ-), μνή-σασθαι, μνή-σομαι. To the perfect of the situation reached and to the ingressive aorist came quite isolated the reduplicated pres. ἐμ-πι-πά-σκομαι like μιμνήσκομαι (cf. Kretschmer Glotta 4, 320). -- An exact non-Greek agreement is not known. As beside μέμνημαι there is the noun μένος, one might reconstruct beside πέπᾱμαι a noun *κέϜος, which is found in Skt. as śávas- n. `strength, power, superiority'. To the nouns πά̄-τωρ, πᾱ-τήρ OInd. has an agreement in the themat. śvā-tr-á- `thriving, powerful', n. `strength, strengthening'. The zero grade ḱū- which correponds with IE ḱu̯ā is found in ἄ-κῦ-ρ-ος, κύ̄-ρ-ιος `lord, possessor'; s. v. w. further references. The group πέπᾱμαι a. cognates has developed formally and semantically independently ('have power over' = `be lord, possess'); details in Brugmann Totalität 60ff., Persson Beitr. 1, 192ff. against J. Schmidt Pluralbild. 411f., who like Hoffmann Dial. 2, 503, Kretschmer KZ 31, 424 a. o. wanted to identify πέπᾱμαι with Ion. Att. ἔκτημαι, κέκτημαι (s. κτάομαι). -- (Not here πᾶς, s. v.).
    Page in Frisk: 2,507-508

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέπᾱμαι

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