-
21 strain
[streɪn] 1. n( pressure) obciążenie nt; ( MED) ( physical) nadwerężenie nt; ( mental) stres m; ( of virus) szczep m; ( breed) odmiana f- strains2. vt 3. vito strain to hear/see — wytężać (wytężyć perf) słuch/wzrok
* * *I 1. [strein] verb1) (to exert oneself or a part of the body to the greatest possible extent: They strained at the door, trying to pull it open; He strained to reach the rope.) wysilać się2) (to injure (a muscle etc) through too much use, exertion etc: He has strained a muscle in his leg; You'll strain your eyes by reading in such a poor light.) nadwyrężać3) (to force or stretch (too far): The constant interruptions were straining his patience.) wyczerpywać4) (to put (eg a mixture) through a sieve etc in order to separate solid matter from liquid: She strained the coffee.) odcedzać2. noun1) (force exerted; Can nylon ropes take more strain than the old kind of rope?) naprężenie2) ((something, eg too much work etc, that causes) a state of anxiety and fatigue: The strain of nursing her dying husband was too much for her; to suffer from strain.) wysiłek, przemęczenie3) ((an) injury especially to a muscle caused by too much exertion: muscular strain.) naciągnięcie4) (too great a demand: These constant delays are a strain on our patience.) nadużywanie•- strained- strainer
- strain off II [strein] noun1) (a kind or breed (of animals, plants etc): a new strain of cattle.) rasa2) (a tendency in a person's character: I'm sure there's a strain of madness in her.) skłonność3) ((often in plural) (the sound of) a tune: I heard the strains of a hymn coming from the church.) dźwięki -
22 quiet
['kwaɪət] 1. adj ( lit, fig)cichy; (peaceful, not busy) spokojny; ( not speaking) milczący; engine, aircraft cichobieżny2. n( silence) cisza f; ( peacefulness) spokój m3. vt, vi, see quieten (US)keep/be quiet! — bądź or siedź cicho!
on the quiet — cichcem (inf), cichaczem (inf)
* * *1. adjective1) (not making very much, or any, noise; without very much, or any, noise: Tell the children to be quiet; It's very quiet out in the country; a quiet person.) spokojny2) (free from worry, excitement etc: I live a very quiet life.) spokojny3) (without much movement or activity; not busy: We'll have a quiet afternoon watching television.) cichy4) ((of colours) not bright.) spokojny2. noun(a state, atmosphere, period of time etc which is quiet: In the quiet of the night; All I want is peace and quiet.) cisza3. verb((especially American: often with down) to quieten.) uspokoić (się)- quieten- quietly
- quietness
- keep quiet about
- on the quiet -
23 so
(BANKING) n abbr, see standing order* * *[səu] 1. adverb1) ((used in several types of sentence to express degree) to this extent, or to such an extent: `The snake was about so long,' he said, holding his hands about a metre apart; Don't get so worried!; She was so pleased with his progress in school that she bought him a new bicycle; They couldn't all get into the room, there were so many of them; He departed without so much as (= without even) a goodbye; You've been so (= very) kind to me!; Thank you so much!) tak (bardzo)2) ((used to express manner) in this/that way: As you hope to be treated by others, so you must treat them; He likes everything to be (arranged) just so (= in one particular and precise way); It so happens that I have to go to an important meeting tonight.) tak, w ten sposób3) ((used in place of a word, phrase etc previously used, or something previously stated) as already indicated: `Are you really leaving your job?' `Yes, I've already told you / said so'; `Is she arriving tomorrow?' `Yes, I hope so'; If you haven't read the notice, please do so now; `Is that so (= true)?' `Yes, it's really so'; `Was your father angry?' `Yes, even more so than I was expecting - in fact, so much so that he refused to speak to me all day!) tak4) (in the same way; also: `I hope we'll meet again.' `So do I.'; She has a lot of money and so has her husband.) tak jak i..., i... też5) ((used to express agreement or confirmation) indeed: `You said you were going shopping today.' `So I did, but I've changed my mind.'; `You'll need this book tomorrow, won't you?' `So I will.') tak, owszem2. conjunction((and) therefore: John had a bad cold, so I took him to the doctor; `So you think you'd like this job, then?' `Yes.'; And so they got married and lived happily ever after.) (tak) więc, i dlatego- so-so
- and so on/forth
- or so
- so as to
- so far
- so good
- so that
- so to say/speak -
24 cost
[kɔst] 1. nthe cost of living —koszty utrzymania
- costs2. vt; pt, pp costit costs 5 pounds/too much — to kosztuje 5 funtów/za dużo
it cost me time/effort — kosztowało mnie to wiele czasu/wysiłku
it cost him his life/job — kosztowało go to życie/pracę
* * *past tense, past participle; see cost -
25 earn
[əːn]vtsalary zarabiać (zarobić perf); ( COMM) profit przynosić (przynieść perf); praise zyskiwać (zyskać perf); hatred zasłużyć ( perf) na +accto earn one's living — zarabiać (zarobić perf) na utrzymanie or życie
this earned him much praise, he earned much praise for this — to przyniosło mu wiele uznania, zyskał tym sobie wiele uznania
he's earned his rest/reward — zasłużył (sobie) na wypoczynek/nagrodę
* * *[ə:n]1) (to gain (money, wages, one's living) by working: He earns $200 a week; He earns his living by cleaning shoes; You can afford a car now that you're earning.) zarabiać2) (to deserve: I've earned a rest.) zasłużyć na•- earnings -
26 far
[fɑː(r)] 1. adj 2. adv( a long way) daleko; (much, greatly) w dużym stopniufar from speeding up, the car stopped — zamiast przyspieszyć, samochód zatrzymał się
as far as possible — na tyle, na ile (to) możliwe, w miarę możliwości
far be it from me to criticise — daleki jestem od tego, by krytykować
so far — (jak) dotąd or do tej pory, dotychczas
the far left/right ( POL) — skrajna lewica/prawica
* * *1. adverb1) (indicating distance, progress etc: How far is it from here to his house?) daleko2) (at or to a long way away: She went far away/off.) hen, daleko3) (very much: She was a far better swimmer than her friend (was).) dużo2. adjective1) (distant; a long way away: a far country.) daleki2) (more distant (usually of two things): He lives on the far side of the lake.) drugi, tamten•- farther- farthest
- faraway
- far-fetched
- as far as
- by far
- far and away
- far from
- so far -
27 favour
['feɪvə(r)] 1. (US favor) n( approval) przychylność f; ( act of kindness) przysługa f2. vt( prefer) solution, view preferować; person faworyzować; ( be advantageous to) sprzyjać +datto ask a favour of sb — prosić (poprosić perf) kogoś o przysługę
to do sb a favour — wyświadczać (wyświadczyć perf) komuś przysługę
in favour of — na korzyść +gen
to be in favour of sth/doing sth — być zwolennikiem czegoś/(z)robienia czegoś
to find favour with sb — przypadać (przypaść perf) komuś do gustu
* * *['feivə] 1. noun1) (a kind action: Will you do me a favour and lend me your car?) przysługa, uprzejmość2) (kindness or approval: She looked on him with great favour.) życzliwość3) (preference or too much kindness: By doing that he showed favour to the other side.) stronniczość4) (a state of being approved of: He was very much in favour with the Prime Minister.) łaska2. verb(to support or show preference for: Which side do you favour?) popierać- favourably
- favourite 3. noun(a person or thing that one likes best: Of all her paintings that is my favourite.) ulubiona osoba, rzecz- in favour of
- in one's favour -
28 fetish
['fɛtɪʃ]n* * *['fetiʃ]1) (an object worshipped, especially because a spirit is supposed to lodge in it.) fetysz2) (something which is regarded with too much reverence or given too much attention: It is good to dress well, but there is no need to make a fetish of it.) obsesja -
29 gall
[gɔːl] 1. n ( ANAT) 2. vtirytować, drażnić* * *[ɡo:l] 1. noun1) (a bitter liquid which is stored in the gall bladder.) żółć2) (impudence: He had the gall to say he was my friend after being so rude to me.) tupet2. verb(to annoy (a person) very much: It galls me to think that he is earning so much money.) drażnić- gallstone -
30 indeed
[ɪn'diːd]adv(certainly, in fact) istotnie; ( furthermore) wręcz, (a) nawet* * *[in'di:d] 1. adverb1) (really; in fact; as you say; of course etc: `He's very talented, isn't he?' He is indeed; `Do you remember your grandmother?' `Indeed I do!') faktycznie2) (used for emphasis: Thank you very much indeed; He is very clever indeed.) naprawdę2. interjection(used to show surprise, interest etc: `John said your idea was stupid.' `Indeed!') czyżby -
31 lean
[liːn] 1. adjperson szczupły; meat, year chudy2. vt; pt, pp leaned or leant3. vi; pt, pp leaned or leantto lean sth on sth — opierać (oprzeć perf) coś na czymś
to lean against — opierać się (oprzeć się perf) o +acc
to lean on — ( rely on) polegać na +loc; ( pressurize) wywierać nacisk na +acc
to lean forward/back — pochylać się (pochylić się perf) do przodu/do tyłu
to lean towards — skłaniać się ku +dat
Phrasal Verbs:- lean out* * *I [li:n] past tense, past participles - leant; verb1) (to slope over to one side; not to be upright: The lamp-post had slipped and was leaning across the road.) chylić/pochylać się2) (to rest (against, on): She leaned the ladder against the wall; Don't lean your elbows on the table; He leant on the gate.) opierać (się)•- leaningII [li:n] adjective1) (thin; not fat: a tall, lean man.) chudy2) (not containing much fat: lean meat.) chudy3) (poor; not producing much: a lean harvest.) kiepski•- leanness -
32 less
[lɛs] 1. adjmniej (+gen)2. pron 3. adv 4. prepless tax/10% discount — minus podatek/10% rabatu
the less he works … — im mniej pracuje, …
the Prime Minister, no less — ni mniej, ni więcej, tylko premier
* * *[les] 1. adjective((often with than) not as much (as): Think of a number less than forty; He drank his tea and wished he had put less sugar in it; The salary for that job will be not less than $30,000.) mnie(jszy)2. adverb(not as much or to a smaller extent: I like her less every time I see her; You should smoke less if you want to remain healthy.) mniej3. pronoun(a smaller part or amount: He has less than I have.) mniej4. preposition(minus: He earns $280 a week less $90 income tax.) bez- lessen- lesser 5. adverb(less: the lesser-known streets of London.) mniej- no less a person than -
33 little
['lɪtl] 1. adjmały; brother etc młodszy; distance, time krótki2. advmało, niewielea little — trochę, troszkę
a little bit — troszkę, troszeczkę
to have little time/money — mieć mało czasu/pieniędzy
* * *['litl] 1. adjective1) (small in size: He is only a little boy; when she was little (= a child).) mały2) (small in amount; not much: He has little knowledge of the difficulties involved.) niewielki3) (not important: I did not expect her to make a fuss about such a little thing.) drobny, niewielki2. pronoun((only) a small amount: He knows little of the real world.) niewiele3. adverb1) (not much: I go out little nowadays.) mało2) (only to a small degree: a little-known fact.) mało3) (not at all: He little knows how ill he is.) wcale nie•- a little- little by little
- make little of -
34 more
[mɔː(r)] 1. adj1) ( greater in number etc) więcej ( +gen)more people/work than we expected — więcej ludzi/pracy niż się spodziewaliśmy
2) ( additional) jeszcze; ( in negatives) już2. pronI have no/I don't have any more money — nie mam już więcej pieniędzy
1) ( greater amount) więcejit cost more than we expected — kosztowało więcej, niż się spodziewaliśmy
2) ( further or additional amount) jeszcze (trochę); ( in negatives) już3. advyou can take this pen; I have many more — możesz wziąć ten długopis — mam (ich) jeszcze dużo
* * *[mo:]comparative; = much -
35 pay
[peɪ] 1. npłaca f2. vt 3. vi; pt, pp paidto pay one's way — płacić (zapłacić perf) za siebie
to pay a high price for sth ( fig) — płacić (zapłacić perf) za coś wysoką cenę
to pay the penalty for sth — ponosić (ponieść perf) karę za coś
to pay sb a compliment — powiedzieć ( perf) komuś komplement
to pay attention (to) — zwracać (zwrócić perf) uwagę (na +acc)
to pay sb a visit — składać (złożyć perf) komuś wizytę
to pay one's respects to sb — składać (złożyć perf) komuś wyrazy szacunku
Phrasal Verbs:- pay back- pay for- pay in- pay off- pay out- pay up* * *[pei] 1. past tense, past participle - paid; verb1) (to give (money) to (someone) in exchange for goods, services etc: He paid $5 for the book.) płacić2) (to return (money that is owed): It's time you paid your debts.) spłacić3) (to suffer punishment (for): You'll pay for that remark!) zapłacić4) (to be useful or profitable (to): Crime doesn't pay.) opłacać się5) (to give (attention, homage, respect etc): Pay attention!; to pay one's respects.) zwracać (uwagę), złożyć (uszanowanie)2. noun(money given or received for work etc; wages: How much pay do you get?) zapłata- payable- payee
- payment
- pay-packet
- pay-roll
- pay back
- pay off
- pay up
- put paid to -
36 sought after
(wanted; asked for: This book is much sought after; a much sought-after book.) poszukiwany -
37 statement
['steɪtmənt]noświadczenie nt, wypowiedź f; ( FIN) bilans m* * *1) (the act of stating.) ogłoszenie2) (something that is stated: The prime minister will make a statement tomorrow on the crisis.) oświadczenie3) (a written statement of how much money a person has, owes etc: I'll look at my bank statement to see how much money is in my account.) wyciąg -
38 thank
[θæŋk]vtdziękować (podziękować perf) +dat* * *[Ɵæŋk] 1. verb(to express appreciation or gratitude to (someone) for a favour, service, gift etc: He thanked me for the present; She thanked him for inviting her.) dziękować- thankful- thankfully
- thankfulness
- thankless
- thanklessly
- thanklessness
- thanks 2. interjection(thank you: Thanks (very much) for your present; Thanks a lot!; No, thanks; Yes, thanks.) dzięki- Thanksgiving
- thanks to
- thank you -
39 too
[tuː] 1. adv( excessively) zbyt, za; ( also) też, także2. adjshe loves him too much to … — zbyt or zanadto go kocha, żeby +infin
* * *[tu:]1) (to a greater extent, or more, than is required, desirable or suitable: He's too fat for his clothes; I'm not feeling too well.) za, zbyt2) (in addition; also; as well: My husband likes cycling, and I do, too.) też, także -
40 treble
['trɛbl] 1. adj 2. n( singer) sopranista(-tka) m(f); ( on radio etc) wysokie tony pl3. vt 4. vito be treble the amount/size of — być trzykrotnie większym od +gen
* * *['trebl] 1. noun, adjective((something that is) three times as much, many etc as something else, or as the normal: He earns treble what I do.) trzykrotność, potrójny2. verb(to make, or become, three times as much: He trebled his earnings; His income has trebled.) potroić- trebly
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