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1 провести реформы
Русско-английский словарь по общей лексике > провести реформы
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2 проводить реформы
Русско-английский словарь по общей лексике > проводить реформы
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3 Reform
f; -, -en reform; Reformen anstreben / durchführen strive for / carry out reforms* * *die Reformreform* * *Re|fọrm [re'fɔrm]f -, -enreform* * *die2) (an improvement: He intends to make several reforms in the prison system.) reform* * *Re·form<-, -en>[reˈfɔrm]f reform\Reform an Haupt und Gliedern root-and-branch [or total] [or wide-reaching] reformdieses Unternehmen braucht eine \Reform an Haupt und Gliedern this company needs to be reformed, root and branch* * *die; Reform, Reformen reform* * *Reformen anstreben/durchführen strive for/carry out reforms* * *die; Reform, Reformen reform* * *-en f.reform n.reformation n. -
4 проводити
= провести1) ( час) to spend, to pass, to while away2) ( здійснювати) to conduct, to carry out, to realize, to implement; to hold; to pursueпроводити в життя — to carry out, to realize, to put into practice, to implement
проводити інвентаризацію — to draw up an inventory, to make up an inventory, to take an inventory
проводити кампанію — to conduct a campaign, to carry out a campaign
проводити політику — to pursue/follow a policy
3) ( добиватися затвердження) to carry through, to pass, to get accepted4) ( електрику) to install, to put; ( водопровід) to lay on5) (про лінію і т. п.) to draw, to trace, to mark6) тк. недок., фіз., ел. ( бути провідником) to conduct7) див. проводжати -
5 проводить
I сов.см. провожатьII несов. - проводи́ть, сов. - провести́1) (вн.; вести, сопровождать) take (d), lead (d)провести́ кого́-л че́рез лес — take / lead smb through the forest
проводи́ть суда́ — pilot ships
2) (вн.; прокладывать, обустраивать) build (d)проводи́ть желе́зную доро́гу — build a railway
проводи́ть электри́чество — install electrical equipment
проводи́ть водопрово́д — lay on water (supply)
проводи́ть электри́чество [во́ду] в дом — have the house connected to the electricity mains [to the water mains]
3) (тв. по дт.; водить, касаясь) run (d over), pass (d over)проводи́ть руко́й по волоса́м — run / pass one's hand over one's hair
4) (вн.; с указанием на период времени) spend (d), pass (d)что́бы провести́ вре́мя — to pass away the time
как вы провели́ вре́мя? — did you have a good time?; what sort of time did you have?
5) бух. (вн.) post (d)проводи́ть по кни́гам — book (d)
проводи́ть как акти́в — show as an asset
6) (вн.; чертить, намечать) draw (d)проводи́ть черту́ — draw a line
проводи́ть грани́цу — draw a boundary line
7) (вн.; отмечать при сопоставлении) draw (d)проводи́ть анало́гию [паралле́ль] (ме́жду тв.) — draw an analogy [a parallel] (between)
проводи́ть разли́чие (ме́жду тв.) — draw a distinction / line (between), distinguish (between), differentiate (between)
8) (вн.; выражать) advance (d)проводи́ть мысль / иде́ю — advance an idea
9) тк. несов. физ. (вн.; являться проводником) conduct (d)провести́ кого́-л в председа́тели [на пост председа́теля] — make smb chairman
11) обыкн. офиц. (вн.; организовывать, осуществлять) conduct (d); carry out (d)проводи́ть уро́к — conduct a lesson
проводи́ть о́пыты — carry out tests
проводи́ть кампа́нию — conduct [carry on] a campaign
проводи́ть поли́тику — pursue / follow a policy
проводи́ть рабо́ту — carry out work
проводи́ть разъясни́тельную рабо́ту с кем-л — 1) офиц. give smb guidance [a briefing; a lecture] 2) шутл. ( делать внушение кому-л) give smb a piece of one's mind
проводи́ть рефо́рмы / преобразова́ния — carry out reforms
проводи́ть бесе́ду — give a talk, hold a discussion
проводи́ть конфере́нцию — hold a conference
проводи́ть собра́ние — 1) ( устраивать собрание) hold a meeting 2) ( председательствовать) preside over a meeting
проводи́ть забасто́вку — be on strike
12) (вн.; в сочетании с рядом сущ. со значением процесса) обыкн. переводится глаголами по значению сущ.проводи́ть ана́лиз — analyze (d)
проводи́ть иссле́дования (вн.) — study (d), research (into)
проводи́ть прове́рку — check (d), inspect (d)
••проводи́ть в жизнь — implement (d), put into practice / effect (d)
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6 проводить
1. сов. см. провожать 2. провестипровести кого-л. через лес — take* / lead* smb. through the forest
проводить железную дорогу — build* a railway
проводить водопровод — lay* on water (supply)
проводить электричество, воду в дом — have the house* put on to the mains electricity, to the wager mains
проводить урок — conduct a lesson
проводить кампанию — conduct, или carry on, a campaign
проводить политику — pursue / follow a policy
проводить реформы, преобразования и т. п. — carry out reforms, etc.
проводить беседу — give* a talk, hold* a discussion
проводить конференцию — hold* a conference
проводить собрание — hold* a meeting; ( председательствовать) preside over a meeting
проводить в жизнь — put* into practice / effect (d.); (о постановлении и т. п.) implement (d.)
проводить мысль, идею — advance an idea
4. (тв. по дт.) run* (d. over), pass (d. over)проводить рукой по волосам — run* / pass one's hand over one's hair
как вы провели время? — did you have a good time?; what sort of time did you have?
6. (вн.; о проекте и т. п.) pass (d.)7. (вн.) бух. book (d.)8. (вн.; о линии и т. п.) draw* (d.)проводить черту — draw* a line
проводить границу — draw* a boundary-line
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7 проводить
I свсм провожатьII vti; св - провести́1) vt прокладывать to build, to install, to layпроводи́ть водопрово́д/газ — to lay (on) water(-pipes)/gas
проводи́ть электри́чество — to install electricity
в на́шем до́ме провели́ горя́чую во́ду — our house has been connected to the hot-water system
2) vt обозначать to drawпроводи́ть грани́цу — to draw a boundary (line), перен различать to demarcate sth from sth, to draw a line of demarcation between sth
3) vt осуществлять to carry on/out, to conduct, to holdпроводи́ть перегово́ры — to conduct/to hold negotiations/talks
проводи́ть о́пыт — to carry out an experiment/a test
проводи́ть рефо́рмы — to carry out reforms
проводи́ть поли́тику — to carry on/to pursue a policy
проводи́ть в жизнь — to implement, to realize, to put into effect/practice, to translate into reality lit
проводи́ть убо́рку урожа́я — to harvest, to reap, to gather in
проводи́ть вре́мя хорошо́/пло́хо — to have a good/bad time
хорошо́ проводи́ть пра́здник — to have a good/nice holiday, to enjoy the holiday
5) vi делать движение по поверхности чего-л to pass (over)его́ не проведёшь — he's no/nobody's fool, he isn't easily tricked, he has all his wits about him
7) vt тк нсв физ to conduct, to be a conductor -
8 проводить
I несовер. - провожать; совер. - проводитьsee (off), accompany; follow (глазами)- проводить домой
- проводить на поезд
- проводить покойника II несовер. - проводить; совер. - провести1) (кого-л./что-л.)lead, conduct, guide, steer, take2) (что-л.; прокладывать)lay, construct, build, install3) (что-л.; осуществлять)carry out/through, realize, put (into practice), conduct; develop (идею); hold (выборы)проводить в жизнь — to put into practice/effect; to make a reality (of)
проводить кампанию — to conduct a campaign, to carry out a campaign
4) (чем-л. по кому-л./чему-л.)pass (over), run (over)5) (что-л.)spend, pass6) (что-л.)(предложение и т.д.)pass, get7) (что-л.)book, register, enter8) (что-л.)9) (что-л.); только несовер.; физ.10) (кого-л.); разг.( обманывать)cheat, take in, trick, fool -
9 reform
f; -, -en reform; Reformen anstreben / durchführen strive for / carry out reforms* * *die Reformreform* * *Re|fọrm [re'fɔrm]f -, -enreform* * *die2) (an improvement: He intends to make several reforms in the prison system.) reform* * *Re·form<-, -en>[reˈfɔrm]f reform\Reform an Haupt und Gliedern root-and-branch [or total] [or wide-reaching] reformdieses Unternehmen braucht eine \Reform an Haupt und Gliedern this company needs to be reformed, root and branch* * *die; Reform, Reformen reform* * *…reform f im subst:Agrarreform agrarian reform;Gemeindereform local authority reform;Krankenkassenreform health insurance reform;Schulreform school reform;Steuerreform tax reform* * *die; Reform, Reformen reform* * *-en f.reform n.reformation n. -
10 neuerungssüchtig
Adj. bent on innovation ( oder reform); neuerungssüchtig sein auch be a fanatical innovator ( oder reformist)* * *neu|e|rungs|süch|tigadjover-anxious to carry out reforms, reform-mad (Brit inf reform-crazy (inf)* * * -
11 проводити демократичні реформи
carry out democratic reforms, implement democratic reformsУкраїнсько-англійський юридичний словник > проводити демократичні реформи
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12 durchsetzen
(trennb., hat -ge-)I v/t (Plan etc.) get s.th. through ( oder accepted); mit Nachdruck: push s.th. through; durchsetzen, dass etw. getan wird oder geschieht succeed in getting s.th. done; seine Meinung durchsetzen get (the) others to agree; seinen Kopf oder Willen durchsetzen have one’s wayII v/refl1. Person: get one’s way; im Leben: assert o.s.; im Konflikt: prevail; sie kann sich bei den Kindern nicht durchsetzen the children always get their own way with her, she has no control over the children; du musst lernen, dich durchzusetzen you’ve got to (learn to) assert yourself more, you’ve got to be more self-assertive ( oder forceful)2. sich durchsetzen gegen (jemanden) come out on top against (auch Sport), prevail over; (etw.) overcome—v/t (untr., hat) intersperse, permeate; (bes. Schriftliches) auch interlard ( mit with); mit Spionen etc.: infiltrate (with)* * *to interlard; to intersperse;sich durchsetzento assert oneself* * *dụrch|set|zen ['dʊrçzɛtsn] sep1. vtMaßnahmen, Reformen to put or carry through; Anspruch, Forderung to push through; Vorschlag, Plan, Vorhaben to carry through; Ziel to achieve, to accomplishetw bei jdm durchsetzen — to get sb to agree to sth
seinen Willen (bei jdm) durchsetzen — to impose one's will (on sb), to get one's (own) way (with sb)
See:2. vrsich gegen jdn durchsetzen — to assert oneself against sb, to have one's way despite sb
sich mit etw durchsetzen — to be successful with sth
sich im Leben durchsetzen — to make one's way in life, to be a success in life
* * *(to approve (a bill etc) by a majority of votes: The parliamentary bill was carried by forty-two votes.) carry* * *durch|set·zen1[ˈdʊrçzɛtsn̩]I. vt1. (erzwingen)Maßnahmen \durchsetzen to impose measuresReformen \durchsetzen to carry out [or effect] reformsseinen Willen [gegen jdn] \durchsetzen to get one's own way [with sb], to impose one's will [on sb]seine Ziele \durchsetzen to achieve [or accomplish] one's goals2. (bewilligt bekommen)▪ etw [bei jdm] \durchsetzen to get sth through [sb], to get sb to agree to sthetw bei der Mehrzahl \durchsetzen to get sth past the majority, to elbow through sth sep▪ [es] [bei jdm] \durchsetzen, dass etw getan wird to get sb to agree to [do] sther konnte \durchsetzen, dass seine Ansprüche anerkannt wurden he was able to get his claims recognizedII. vr1. (sich Geltung verschaffen)sie hat sich mit ihren verrückten Ideen nicht \durchsetzen können her crazy ideas didn't meet with much success2. (Gültigkeit erreichen)durch·set·zen*2[dʊrçˈzɛtsn̩]vt (einstreuen)▪ mit [o von] jdm durchsetzt sein to be infiltrated by [or with] sb* * *I 1.transitives Verb carry or put through <programme, reform>; carry through < intention, plan>; accomplish, achieve < objective>; enforce <demand, claim>; get < resolution> accepted2.seinen Willen durchsetzen — have one's [own] way
reflexives Verb assert oneself ( gegen against); < idea> find or gain acceptance, become generally accepted or established; < fashion> catch on (coll.), find or gain acceptanceIItransitives Verb* * *'durchsetzen (trennb, hat -ge-)durchsetzen, dass etwas getan wird odergeschieht succeed in getting sth done;seine Meinung durchsetzen get (the) others to agree;Willen durchsetzen have one’s wayB. v/rsie kann sich bei den Kindern nicht durchsetzen the children always get their own way with her, she has no control over the children;du musst lernen, dich durchzusetzen you’ve got to (learn to) assert yourself more, you’ve got to be more self-assertive ( oder forceful)2.sich durchsetzen gegen (jemanden) come out on top against (auch Sport), prevail over; (etwas) overcome3. Idee etc: catch on, gain acceptance (mit with); mit Spionen etc: infiltrate (with)* * *I 1.transitives Verb carry or put through <programme, reform>; carry through <intention, plan>; accomplish, achieve < objective>; enforce <demand, claim>; get < resolution> accepted2.seinen Willen durchsetzen — have one's [own] way
reflexives Verb assert oneself ( gegen against); < idea> find or gain acceptance, become generally accepted or established; < fashion> catch on (coll.), find or gain acceptanceIItransitives Verb -
13 реформа реформ·а
проводить реформу — to pursue / to carry out / to implement / to put into effect a reform
налоговая реформа — tax / taxation reform
радикальные реформы — radical / sweeping reforms
хозяйственные / экономические реформы — economic reforms
реформа избирательной системы — reform of the electoral system, electoral reform
реформа хозяйственного механизма — reform of the economic mechanism, economic reform
на начальном этапе реформы — in / at the initial stage of the reform
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14 hacia
prep.1 toward.hacia aquí/allí this/that wayhacia abajo downwardshacia arriba upwardhacia adelante forwardhacia atrás backwardhacia la izquierda/derecha to the left/right2 around, about (time).hacia las diez around o about ten o'clockempezó a perder la vista hacia los sesenta años he started to lose his sight at around the age of sixtyhacia finales de año toward the end of the yearHacia la medianoche.. Around midnight....3 toward (sentimiento).siente hostilidad hacia las reformas he is hostile toward the reforms4 toward (tendencia).un paso más hacia la guerra civil a further step toward civil war* * *1 (dirección) towards, to2 (tiempo) at about, at around\hacia abajo downward(s), downhacia acá this wayhacia adelante forward(s)hacia allá that wayhacia atrás backward(s), backhacia casa home, homeward, towards home* * *prep.1) towards, toward2) near, about•- hacia adelante* * *PREP1) [indicando dirección] towards, in the direction ofeso está más hacia el este — that's further (over) to the east, that's more in an easterly direction
vamos hacia allá — let's go in that direction, let's go over that way
¿hacia dónde vamos? — where are we going?
hacia abajo — down, downwards
hacia arriba — up, upwards
2) [con expresiones temporales] about, nearhacia las cinco — about five, around five
hacia mediodía — about noon, around noon
3) (=ante) towards* * *a) ( indicando dirección) toward, towards[el inglés norteamericano prefiere la forma toward mientras que el inglés británico prefiere la forma towards]hacia el sur — southward(s), toward(s) the south
¿hacia dónde tenemos que ir? — which way do we have to go?
empujar hacia arriba/atrás — to push upward(s)/backward(s)
b) ( indicando aproximación) toward(s)llegaremos hacia las dos — we'll arrive towards o at around two
c) ( con respecto a) toward(s)su actitud hacia mí — his attitude toward(s) o to me
* * *= in the direction of, into, toward(s).Ex. Efforts are being made in the direction of an international consensus on the definition and treatment of corporate authorship.Ex. And thirdly and most importantly, I am concerned about some movements which I think symptomatize ideological deterioration and would have us, as someone put it, march boldly backwards into the future.Ex. An appreciation of alternative approaches is particularly important in this field where trends towards standardisation are the norm.----* dar un paso hacia delante = step up.* de dentro hacia fuera = inside outwards.* de miras hacia el exterior = outward looking.* de miras hacia fuera = outwardly.* desde hace mucho tiempo = for a long time.* desplazar hacia la derecha = inset.* desplazarse hacia arriba = move up.* desplazarse hacia atrás = draw back, move + backwards.* directamente hacia el este = due east.* directamente hacia el norte = due north.* directamente hacia el oeste = due west.* directamente hacia el sur = due south.* enumerar hacia atrás = list + backwards.* enumerar hacia delante = list + forwards.* hacia abajo = downward.* hacia adelante = onward(s), straight ahead, straight on.* hacia adelante y hacia atrás = to and fro.* hacia arriba = upwards, upward.* hacia arriba y hacia abajo = up and down, up and down.* hacia atrás = backwards, backward(s).* hacia dentro = inward.* ¿hacia dónde se dirige(n)...? = whither?.* ¿hacia dónde va(n)...? = whither?, whither?.* hacia el centro de la ciudad = townward.* hacia el este = eastward(s), eastbound.* hacia el frente = ahead.* hacia el futuro = onward(s).* hacia el interior y el exterior de = in and out of.* hacia el norte = northbound.* hacia el oeste = westward(s), westbound.* hacia el sur = southward(s), southbound.* hacia finales del + Siglo = later + Siglo, the.* hacia fuera = outwards.* hacia la izquierda = leftwards, leftward.* hacia la proa = abaft.* hacia proa = abaft.* hacia un lado(s) = sideways.* inclinarse hacia delante = tip forward.* mirando hacia atrás = in retrospect.* moverse hacia atrás y hacia delante = move back and forth, move back and forth.* tambalearse hacia delante y hacia atrás = wobble back and forth, wobble back and forth.* tecla de desplazamiento hacia abajo = ↓ (Down) key, down arrow key.* tecla de desplazamiento hacia arriba = ↑ (up) key, up arrow key.* viajar hacia atrás en el tiempo = travel back in + time.* * *a) ( indicando dirección) toward, towards[el inglés norteamericano prefiere la forma toward mientras que el inglés británico prefiere la forma towards]hacia el sur — southward(s), toward(s) the south
¿hacia dónde tenemos que ir? — which way do we have to go?
empujar hacia arriba/atrás — to push upward(s)/backward(s)
b) ( indicando aproximación) toward(s)llegaremos hacia las dos — we'll arrive towards o at around two
c) ( con respecto a) toward(s)su actitud hacia mí — his attitude toward(s) o to me
* * *= in the direction of, into, toward(s).Ex: Efforts are being made in the direction of an international consensus on the definition and treatment of corporate authorship.
Ex: And thirdly and most importantly, I am concerned about some movements which I think symptomatize ideological deterioration and would have us, as someone put it, march boldly backwards into the future.Ex: An appreciation of alternative approaches is particularly important in this field where trends towards standardisation are the norm.* dar un paso hacia delante = step up.* de dentro hacia fuera = inside outwards.* de miras hacia el exterior = outward looking.* de miras hacia fuera = outwardly.* desde hace mucho tiempo = for a long time.* desplazar hacia la derecha = inset.* desplazarse hacia arriba = move up.* desplazarse hacia atrás = draw back, move + backwards.* directamente hacia el este = due east.* directamente hacia el norte = due north.* directamente hacia el oeste = due west.* directamente hacia el sur = due south.* enumerar hacia atrás = list + backwards.* enumerar hacia delante = list + forwards.* hacia abajo = downward.* hacia adelante = onward(s), straight ahead, straight on.* hacia adelante y hacia atrás = to and fro.* hacia arriba = upwards, upward.* hacia arriba y hacia abajo = up and down, up and down.* hacia atrás = backwards, backward(s).* hacia dentro = inward.* ¿hacia dónde se dirige(n)...? = whither?.* ¿hacia dónde va(n)...? = whither?, whither?.* hacia el centro de la ciudad = townward.* hacia el este = eastward(s), eastbound.* hacia el frente = ahead.* hacia el futuro = onward(s).* hacia el interior y el exterior de = in and out of.* hacia el norte = northbound.* hacia el oeste = westward(s), westbound.* hacia el sur = southward(s), southbound.* hacia finales del + Siglo = later + Siglo, the.* hacia fuera = outwards.* hacia la izquierda = leftwards, leftward.* hacia la proa = abaft.* hacia proa = abaft.* hacia un lado(s) = sideways.* inclinarse hacia delante = tip forward.* mirando hacia atrás = in retrospect.* moverse hacia atrás y hacia delante = move back and forth, move back and forth.* tambalearse hacia delante y hacia atrás = wobble back and forth, wobble back and forth.* tecla de desplazamiento hacia abajo = ↓ (Down) key, down arrow key.* tecla de desplazamiento hacia arriba = ↑ (up) key, up arrow key.* viajar hacia atrás en el tiempo = travel back in + time.* * *1(indicando dirección) toward, towards [ el inglés norteamericano prefiere la forma,etc] se dirigían hacia el sur they were heading south o southward(s) o toward(s) the southla puerta se abre hacia adentro the door opens inward(s)el país avanza hacia la democracia the country is moving toward(s) democracyla fuga de capitales hacia el exterior the flight of capital abroadel centro queda hacia allá the center is (over) that way¿hacia dónde tenemos que ir? which way do we have to go?un movimiento hacia arriba/atrás an upward/backward movementempujar hacia arriba/atrás to push upward(s)/backward(s)2(indicando aproximación) toward(s) [ ver nota en la sección a] hacia finales de siglo/el final del primer acto toward(s) the end of the century/of the first acthacia el límite con el Brasil toward(s) the Brazilian borderllegaremos hacia las dos we'll arrive (at) about twoesto sucedió hacia las nueve de la mañana this occurred at approximately o toward(s) nine in the morning3 (con respecto a) toward(s)su actitud hacia mí his attitude toward(s) o to me* * *
Del verbo hacer: ( conjugate hacer)
hacía es:
1ª persona singular (yo) imperfecto indicativo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperfecto indicativo
Multiple Entries:
hacer
hacia
hacer ( conjugate hacer) verbo transitivo
1
‹casa/carretera› to build;
‹ nido› to build, make;
‹ túnel› to make, dig;
‹dibujo/plano› to do, draw;
‹ lista› to make, draw up;
‹ resumen› to do, make;
‹ película› to make;
‹nudo/lazo› to tie;
‹pan/pastel› to make, bake;
‹vino/café/tortilla› to make;
‹ cerveza› to make, brew;
hacen buena pareja they make a lovely couple
estos zapatos me hacen daño these shoes hurt my feet
2
‹ milagro› to work, perform;
‹deberes/ejercicios/limpieza› to do;
‹ mandado› to run;
‹transacción/investigación› to carry out;
‹ experimento› to do, perform;
‹ entrevista› to conduct;
‹gira/viaje› to do;
‹ regalo› to give;
‹ favor› to do;
‹ trato› to make;
aún queda mucho por hacia there is still a lot (left) to do;
dar que hacia to make a lot of work
3 (formular, expresar) ‹declaración/promesa/oferta› to make;
‹proyecto/plan› to make, draw up;
‹crítica/comentario› to make, voice;
‹ pregunta› to ask;
4
◊ hacia caca (fam) to do a poop (AmE) o (BrE) a pooh (colloq);
hacia pis or pipí (fam) to have a pee (colloq);
hacia sus necesidades (euf) to go to the bathroom o toilet (euph)
◊ las vacas hacen `mu' cows go `moo'
5 ( adquirir) ‹dinero/fortuna› to make;
‹ amigo› to make
6 (preparar, arreglar) ‹ cama› to make;
‹ maleta› to pack;◊ hice el pescado al horno I did o cooked the fish in the oven;
tengo que hacia la comida I must make lunch;
ver tb comida b
7 ( recorrer) ‹trayecto/distancia› to do, cover
8 (en cálculos, enumeraciones):◊ son 180 … y 320 hacen 500 that's 180 … and 320 is o makes 500
1
¿hacemos algo esta noche? shall we do something tonight?;
hacia ejercicio to do (some) exercise;
¿hace algún deporte? do you play o do any sports?;
See Also→ amor 1b
◊ ¿qué hace tu padre? what does your father do?
2 (realizar cierta acción, actuar de cierta manera) to do;◊ ¡eso no se hace! you shouldn't do that!;
¡qué le vamos a hacia! what can you o (frml) one do?;
toca bien el piano — antes lo hacía mejor she plays the piano well — she used to play better;
haciala buena (fam): ¡ahora sí que la hice! now I've really done it!;
See Also→ tonto sustantivo masculino, femenino
1 (transformar en, volver) to make;
hizo pedazos la carta she tore the letter into tiny pieces;
ese vestido te hace más delgada that dress makes you look thinner;
hacia algo de algo to turn sth into sth;
quiero hacia de ti un gran actor I want to make a great actor of you
2a) (obligar a, ser causa de que)
me hizo abrirla he made me open it;
me hizo llorar it made me cry;
hágalo pasar tell him to come in;
me hizo esperar tres horas she kept me waiting for three hours;
hacia que algo/algn haga algo to make sth/sb do sthb)◊ hacer hacer algo to have o get sth done/made;
hice acortar las cortinas I had o got the curtains shortened
verbo intransitivo
1 (obrar, actuar):◊ déjame hacia a mí just let me handle this o take care of this;
¿cómo se hace para que te den la beca? what do you have to do to get the scholarship?;
hiciste bien en decírmelo you did o were right to tell me;
haces mal en mentir it's wrong of you to lie
2 (fingir, simular):
haz como si no lo conocieras act as if o pretend you don't know him
3 ( servir):◊ esta sábana hará de toldo this sheet will do for o as an awning;
la escuela hizo de hospital the school served as o was used as a hospital
4 ( interpretar personaje) hacia de algo/algn to play (the part of) sth/sb
(+ compl) ( sentar):
(+ me/te/le etc)
la trucha me hizo mal (AmL) the trout didn't agree with me
hacia v impers
1 ( refiriéndose al tiempo atmosférico):◊ hace frío/sol it's cold/sunny;
hace tres grados it's three degrees;
(nos) hizo un tiempo espantoso the weather was terrible
2 ( expresando tiempo transcurrido):
hace mucho que lo conozco I've known him for a long time;
hacía años que no lo veía I hadn't seen him for o in years;
¿cuánto hace que se fue? how long ago did she leave?;
hace poco/un año a short time/a year ago;
hasta hace poco until recently
hacerse verbo pronominal
1 ( producirse) (+ me/te/le etc):
se le hizo una ampolla she got a blister;
hacérsele algo a algn (Méx): por fin se le hizo ganar el premio she finally got to win the award
2
se hizo la cirugía estética she had plastic surgery
3 ( causarse):◊ ¿qué te hiciste en el brazo? what did you do to your arm?;
¿te hiciste daño? did you hurt yourself?
4 ( refiriéndose a necesidades fisiológicas):◊ todavía se hace pis/caca (fam) she still wets/messes herself
5 ( refl) ( adquirir) to make;
1
se están haciendo viejos they are getting o growing oldb) ( resultar):
(+ me/te/le etc)
se me hace difícil creerlo I find it very hard to believec) ( impers):
se está haciendo tarde it's getting late
e) (AmL) ( pasarle a):◊ ¿qué se habrá hecho María? what can have happened to María?
2 ( acostumbrarse) haciase a algo to get used to sth
3 ( fingirse):
¿es bobo o se (lo) hace? (fam) is he stupid or just a good actor? (colloq);
haciase pasar por algn (por periodista, doctor) to pass oneself off as sb
4 ( moverse) (+ compl) to move;
5
( de amigos) to make
hacia preposición
hacia adelante forward(s);
hacia adentro/arriba inward(s)/upward(s);
el centro queda hacia allá the center is (over) that way;
¿hacia dónde tenemos que ir? which way do we have to go?
◊ llegaremos hacia las dos we'll arrive toward(s) o at around two
◊ su actitud hacia mí his attitude toward(s) o to me
hacer
I verbo transitivo
1 (crear, fabricar, construir) to make
hacer un jersey, to make a sweater
hacer un puente, to build a bridge
2 (una acción) to do: eso no se hace, it isn't done
haz lo que quieras, do what you want
¿qué estás haciendo?, (en este momento) what are you doing?
(para vivir) what do you do (for a living)?
hace atletismo, he does athletics
hacer una carrera/ medicina, to do a degree/ medicine
3 (amigos, dinero) to make
4 (obligar, forzar) to make: hazle entrar en razón, make him see reason
5 (causar, provocar) to make: ese hombre me hace reír, that man makes me laugh
estos zapatos me hacen daño, these shoes are hurting me
no hagas llorar a tu hermana, don't make your sister cry
6 (arreglar) to make
hacer la cama, to make the bed
hacer la casa, to do the housework
7 Mat (sumar, dar como resultado) to make: y con éste hacen cincuenta, and that makes fifty
8 (producir una impresión) to make... look: ese vestido la hace mayor, that dress makes her look older
9 (en sustitución de otro verbo) to do: cuido mi jardín, me gusta hacerlo, I look after my garden, I like doing it
10 (representar) to play: Juan hizo un papel en Fuenteovejuna, Juan played a part in Fuenteovejuna
11 (actuar como) to play: no hagas el tonto, don't play the fool
12 (suponer) te hacía en casa, I thought you were at home
II verbo intransitivo
1 (en el teatro, etc) to play: hizo de Electra, she played Electra
2 ( hacer por + infinitivo) to try to: hice por ayudar, I tried to help
3 (simular) to pretend: hice como si no lo conociera, I acted as if I didn't know him
4 fam (venir bien, convenir) to be suitable: si te hace, nos vamos a verle mañana, if it's all right for you, we'll visit him tomorrow
III verbo impersonal
1 (tiempo transcurrido) ago: hace mucho (tiempo), a long time ago
hace tres semanas que no veo la televisión, I haven't watched TV for three weeks
hace tres años que comenzaron las obras, the building works started three years ago
2 (condición atmosférica) hacía mucho frío, it was very cold
¿To make o to do?
El significado básico del verbo to make es construir, fabricar algo juntando los componentes (aquí hacen unos pasteles maravillosos, they make marvellous cakes here), obligar (hazle callar, make him shut up) o convertir: Te hará más fuerte. It'll make you stronger. También se emplea en expresiones compuestas por palabras tales como dinero ( money), ruido ( a noise), cama ( the bed), esfuerzo ( an effort), promesa ( a promise), c omentario ( a comment), amor ( love), guerra ( war).
El significado del verbo to do es cumplir o ejecutar una tarea o actividad, especialmente tratándose de los deportes y las tareas domésticas: Hago mis deberes por la noche. I do my homework in the evening. ¿Quién hace la plancha en tu casa? Who does the ironing in your house? También se emplea con palabras tales como deber ( duty), deportes ( sports), examen ( an exam), favor ( a favour), sumas ( sums).
hacia preposición
1 (en dirección a) towards, to
hacia abajo, down, downwards
hacia adelante, forwards
hacia arriba, up, upwards
hacia atrás, back, backwards
2 (en torno a) at about, at around: estaré allí hacia las cinco, I'll be there at about five o'clock
' hacia' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abajo
- abalanzarse
- aire
- añales
- animadversión
- arriba
- atrás
- calor
- contingente
- correrse
- delante
- derivar
- descender
- desprecio
- dirigir
- dirigirse
- empañar
- empujar
- encaminarse
- enfilar
- fogosidad
- frente
- fuera
- hacer
- infundio
- invencible
- llevar
- malsana
- malsano
- monetaria
- monetario
- orientar
- orientarse
- proyectar
- que
- recta
- recto
- retroceder
- saber
- siglo
- sobre
- subir
- sur
- tambalearse
- tirar
- volver
- volverse
- abatible
- adelante
- boca
English:
ahead
- aim
- antagonism
- antipathy
- ashore
- at
- back
- backward
- backwards
- beat down
- beeline
- bent
- bias
- boost
- care for
- come forward
- cool
- crowd
- cruelty
- curve
- deflect
- disdain
- dislike
- dispose
- disregard
- doubtless
- down
- downstairs
- downward
- downwards
- due
- East
- eastward
- eastwards
- extend
- face
- facing
- fast forward
- flash
- flippant
- floodlight
- for
- forward
- glance down
- go
- guise
- head
- home in
- ill-disposed
- incline
* * *hacia prep1. [dirección] towards;hacia aquí/allí this/that way;hacia abajo downwards;hacia arriba upwards;hacia adelante forwards;hacia atrás backwards;hacia la izquierda/derecha to the left/right;viajar hacia el norte to travel north;hacia el norte del país towards the north of the country;miró hacia el otro lado she looked the other way;muévete hacia un lado move to one side2. [tiempo] around, about;hacia las diez around o about ten o'clock;empezó a perder la vista hacia los sesenta años he started to lose his sight at around the age of sixty;hacia finales de año towards the end of the year3. [sentimiento] towards;siente hostilidad hacia las reformas he is hostile towards the reforms;su actitud hacia el trabajo es muy seria she has a very serious attitude towards her work, she takes her work very seriously4. [tendencia] towards;este año se marcha hacia una cosecha excepcional we are heading for a bumper crop this year;un paso más hacia la guerra civil a further step towards civil war* * *prphacia adelante forward;hacia abajo down;hacia arriba up;hacia atrás back(ward);hacia aquí in this direction, this way:hacia las cuatro about four (o’clock)* * *hacia prep1) : toward, towardshacia abajo: downwardhacia adelante: forward2) : near, around, abouthacia las seis: about six o'clock* * *hacia prep1. (dirección) towards2. (tiempo) at about -
15 Owen, Robert
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. 14 May 1771 Newtown, Montgomeryshire, Walesd. 17 November 1858 Newtown, Montgomeryshire, Wales[br]Welsh cotton spinner and social reformer.[br]Robert Owen's father was also called Robert and was a saddler, ironmonger and postmaster of Newtown in Montgomeryshire. Robert, the younger, injured his digestion as a child by drinking some scalding hot "flummery", which affected him for the rest of his life. He developed a passion for reading and through this visited London when he was 10 years old. He started work as a pedlar for someone in Stamford and then went to a haberdasher's shop on old London Bridge in London. Although he found the work there too hard, he stayed in the same type of employment when he moved to Manchester.In Manchester Owen soon set up a partnership for making bonnet frames, employing forty workers, but he sold the business and bought a spinning machine. This led him in 1790 into another partnership, with James M'Connel and John Kennedy in a spinning mill, but he moved once again to become Manager of Peter Drink-water's mill. These were all involved in fine spinning, and Drinkwater employed 500 people in one of the best mills in the city. In spite of his youth, Owen claims in his autobiography (1857) that he mastered the job within six weeks and soon improved the spinning. This mill was one of the first to use Sea Island cotton from the West Indies. To have managed such an enterprise so well Owen must have had both managerial and technical ability. Through his spinning connections Owen visited Glasgow, where he met both David Dale and his daughter Anne Caroline, whom he married in 1799. It was this connection which brought him to Dale's New Lanark mills, which he persuaded Dale to sell to a Manchester consortium for £60,000. Owen took over the management of the mills on 1 January 1800. Although he had tried to carry out social reforms in the manner of working at Manchester, it was at New Lanark that Owen acquired fame for the way in which he improved both working and living conditions for the 1,500-strong workforce. He started by seeing that adequate food and groceries were available in that remote site and then built both the school and the New Institution for the Formation of Character, which opened in January 1816. To the pauper children from the Glasgow and Edinburgh slums he gave a good education, while he tried to help the rest of the workforce through activities at the Institution. The "silent monitors" hanging on the textile machines, showing the performance of their operatives, are famous, and many came to see his social experiments. Owen was soon to buy out his original partners for £84,000.Among his social reforms were his efforts to limit child labour in mills, resulting in the Factory Act of 1819. He attempted to establish an ideal community in the USA, to which he sailed in 1824. He was to return to his village of "Harmony" twice more, but broke his connection in 1828. The following year he finally withdrew from New Lanark, where some of his social reforms had been abandoned.[br]Bibliography1857, The Life of Robert Owen, Written by Himself, London.Further ReadingG.D.H.Cole, 1965, Life of Robert Owen (biography).J.Butt (ed.), 1971, Robert Owen, Prince of Cotton Spinners, Newton Abbot; S.Pollard and J.Salt (eds), 1971, Robert Owen, Prophet of the Poor. Essays in Honour of theTwo-Hundredth Anniversary of His Birth, London (both describe Owen's work at New Lanark).RLH -
16 реформа
жаграрна реформа — agrarian ( land) reform
грошова реформа — monetary ( currency) reform
проводити реформи — to carry out ( to implement) reforms, to reform
-
17 преобразование преобразовани·е
1) (действие) transformation, reorganization, conversionпровести коренные преобразования — to make drastic alterations / radical transformations
преобразование природы — transformation / remaking of nature
2) (коренное изменение) transformation, reform, change(глубокие) преобразования хозяйственного механизма — (deep / profound) changes in the economic mechanism
коренные преобразования — radical / sweeping reforms
радикальные преобразования — radical / sweeping changes
революционные преобразования — revolutionary changes / reforms / transformations
Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > преобразование преобразовани·е
-
18 iværksætte
3осуществи́ть, пусти́ть в ход* * *initiate, mount* * *vb( udføre) carry into effect ( fx a threat), realize, carry out ( fx a plan),F implement ( fx measures),( organisere) organize,F mount ( fx a search, an attack);( begynde) start ( fx a strike),F initiate ( fx a campaign, a plan, reforms). -
19 iverksette
verb. carry out, implement, effectuate, effect, carry into effect, initiate, start verb. (formelt) implement (f.eks. ) verb. start, initiate (f.eks. ) -
20 Ausmaß
Ausmaß
degree, measure[ment], extent, scope, (Umfang) scale, proportion;
• in einem großen Ausmaß on a large scale;
• Ausmaße proportions;
• überschaubares Ausmaß manageable proportion;
• Ausmaß der Nachfrage strength of demand;
• Ausmaß des Schadens extent of damage;
• Reformen größten Ausmaßes durchführen to carry out sweeping reforms.
- 1
- 2
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