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61 סרג
סָרַג(b. h. שָׂרַג; Saf. of אָרַג), Pi. סֵירֵג (to interlace, plait, to strap (in zig-zag); to girth. Kel. XVI, 1 משיְסָרֵג בהוכ׳ from the time he made three meshes of girthing. Tosef. ib. B. Bath.I, 12 סֵירְגֹו במשיחיתוכ׳ if he strapped it (the disjointed frame) with cords Ib. B. Mets.IX, 4 (read:) שהוא מְסָרֵג בו את המטה with which one girths the bedstead. M. Kat. I, 8 ומסָרְגִין את המטות you may girth the bedsteads (during the festive week). Y.Ber.III, beg.5d, a. e. כל שמסרגין עלוכ׳ a bedstead on which the girths are drawn on top is called miṭṭah, when drawn beneath, dargesh; Ned.56b (v. אַבְקָתָא); a. fr.Trnsf. a) to unite, combine. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to the chronological disorder in the Book of Daniel, in going from Belshazzar (ch. 5) to Darius (ch. 6), again to the first year of B. (ch. 7), and to the third year of B. (ch. 8) unite כדי לסָרֵג עלוכ׳ in order to combine the entire section as one written in the spirit of holiness; Yalk. ib. 144; Yalk. Dan. 1063 לִסְרֹוג (perh. to be read לסָרֵיג).b) to make a partition by means of net-work, like lattices Tosef.Men. X, 23 ומסרגין שם כנגדוכ׳ and there they fence in an area of about three Sah.Part. pass. מְסֹורָג. Ber.57b, v. next w. 2) to do a thing in a manner in which straps are drawn in bedsteads, i. e. in zig-zag; to skip. Tosef.Nidd.IX, 3 סֵירְגָה להוכ׳ if she skipped four days (beyond the ordinary period of menstruation); Nidd.64a סירגה ליוםוכ׳ if she skipped (from the twenty-first) to the twenty-fourth day. Y.Gitt.VII, 48c bot. ובלבד במְסָרְגִין לו provided they put cross-questions to him alternately (one question to which a positive, and one to which a negative answer are expected, so as to test his sanity).Part. pass. מְסֹורָג; f. מְסֹורֶגֶת; pl. מְסֹורָגִים, מְסֹורָגִין; מְסֹורָגֹות. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod. s. 6 (read as;) Yalk. Ex. 292 (ref. to Ex. 20:5) בזמן שהן אינן מסורגין או בזמן שהן מס׳ (not מסרגין) are the sins of the fathers visited upon the children when the succession is uninterrupted, or even when interrupted (by a good generation)? Y.Snh.I, 19c bot. מס׳ עלו the differently marked ballots came up alternately. Tosef.Nidd.IX, 13, v. סֵירוּג.Trnsf. a) to write in broken lines (leaving a vacant space in the middle of the line); to spread. Treat. Sofrim I, 11 מְסָרְגֹווכ׳ he spreads the writing so as to make a small column of it.Part. pass. as ab. Ib. 10 רצוף שעשאו מס׳ או מס׳וכ׳ if he wrote in broken lines what is to be written in continuous lines or vice versa; או שעשה המס׳ שלא כהלכתו or if he did the spreading not in accordance with the rule.b) to trace cross-lines on stone, to carve designs. Pesik. ‘Ăniya, p. 137a> מְסָרְגִין בו carving it; Yalk. Is. 339 (omitted in Pesik. R. s. 3 2); v. סָתַת.V. סִירוּג. Hithpa. הִסְתָּרֵג to be provided with girths, be strapped. Ned.56b אי מטה מִסְתָּרֶגֶת על גבה if it be, that miṭṭah is a couch, the straps of which are drawn over the frame -
62 סָרַג
סָרַג(b. h. שָׂרַג; Saf. of אָרַג), Pi. סֵירֵג (to interlace, plait, to strap (in zig-zag); to girth. Kel. XVI, 1 משיְסָרֵג בהוכ׳ from the time he made three meshes of girthing. Tosef. ib. B. Bath.I, 12 סֵירְגֹו במשיחיתוכ׳ if he strapped it (the disjointed frame) with cords Ib. B. Mets.IX, 4 (read:) שהוא מְסָרֵג בו את המטה with which one girths the bedstead. M. Kat. I, 8 ומסָרְגִין את המטות you may girth the bedsteads (during the festive week). Y.Ber.III, beg.5d, a. e. כל שמסרגין עלוכ׳ a bedstead on which the girths are drawn on top is called miṭṭah, when drawn beneath, dargesh; Ned.56b (v. אַבְקָתָא); a. fr.Trnsf. a) to unite, combine. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to the chronological disorder in the Book of Daniel, in going from Belshazzar (ch. 5) to Darius (ch. 6), again to the first year of B. (ch. 7), and to the third year of B. (ch. 8) unite כדי לסָרֵג עלוכ׳ in order to combine the entire section as one written in the spirit of holiness; Yalk. ib. 144; Yalk. Dan. 1063 לִסְרֹוג (perh. to be read לסָרֵיג).b) to make a partition by means of net-work, like lattices Tosef.Men. X, 23 ומסרגין שם כנגדוכ׳ and there they fence in an area of about three Sah.Part. pass. מְסֹורָג. Ber.57b, v. next w. 2) to do a thing in a manner in which straps are drawn in bedsteads, i. e. in zig-zag; to skip. Tosef.Nidd.IX, 3 סֵירְגָה להוכ׳ if she skipped four days (beyond the ordinary period of menstruation); Nidd.64a סירגה ליוםוכ׳ if she skipped (from the twenty-first) to the twenty-fourth day. Y.Gitt.VII, 48c bot. ובלבד במְסָרְגִין לו provided they put cross-questions to him alternately (one question to which a positive, and one to which a negative answer are expected, so as to test his sanity).Part. pass. מְסֹורָג; f. מְסֹורֶגֶת; pl. מְסֹורָגִים, מְסֹורָגִין; מְסֹורָגֹות. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod. s. 6 (read as;) Yalk. Ex. 292 (ref. to Ex. 20:5) בזמן שהן אינן מסורגין או בזמן שהן מס׳ (not מסרגין) are the sins of the fathers visited upon the children when the succession is uninterrupted, or even when interrupted (by a good generation)? Y.Snh.I, 19c bot. מס׳ עלו the differently marked ballots came up alternately. Tosef.Nidd.IX, 13, v. סֵירוּג.Trnsf. a) to write in broken lines (leaving a vacant space in the middle of the line); to spread. Treat. Sofrim I, 11 מְסָרְגֹווכ׳ he spreads the writing so as to make a small column of it.Part. pass. as ab. Ib. 10 רצוף שעשאו מס׳ או מס׳וכ׳ if he wrote in broken lines what is to be written in continuous lines or vice versa; או שעשה המס׳ שלא כהלכתו or if he did the spreading not in accordance with the rule.b) to trace cross-lines on stone, to carve designs. Pesik. ‘Ăniya, p. 137a> מְסָרְגִין בו carving it; Yalk. Is. 339 (omitted in Pesik. R. s. 3 2); v. סָתַת.V. סִירוּג. Hithpa. הִסְתָּרֵג to be provided with girths, be strapped. Ned.56b אי מטה מִסְתָּרֶגֶת על גבה if it be, that miṭṭah is a couch, the straps of which are drawn over the frame -
63 Б-91
БОГ ДАСТ coll VP subj. Invar sent adv (parenth)) I hope, one hopes (that things will turn out as desired): God (Lord) willing with Go&s help I hope to God God grant.«Ну, бог даст, ещё увидимся». Шофёр, поняв это как указание, надавил на газ, и машина рванулась (Евтушенко 2). "Well, God willing, we'll see each other again." The driver, interpreting this as a command, stepped on the gas, and the car sped away (2a).«Где же неприятель?» - «Неприятель недалече... Бог даст, всё будет ладно» (Пушкин 2). "And where is the enemy?" "The enemy isn't far off....With God's help we'll be all right" (2a)....B первый раз я слышал такие веши от 25-летнего человека и, бог даст, в последний...» (Лермонтов 1). "...It was the first time that I had heard such things from a man of twenty-five, and I hope to God it may also be the last..." (1a).«Не кричи, Натальюшка. Слезой тут не поможешь. Бог даст, живых-здоровых увидим» (Шолохов 5). "Don't cry, Natalya, dearie. Tears won't help. God grant we'll see them all again safe and sound" (5a). -
64 Л-142
САДИТЬСЯ/СЕСТЬ В ЛУЖУ (B КАЛОШУ, В ГАЛОШУ) coll VP subj: human more often pfv) to end up in a foolish, embarrassing position (because of failing to do sth. properly, making a blunder, revealing one's ignorance etc)X сел в лужу = X fell flat on his faceX made a fool (an ass, a jackass) of himself X had (ended up with) egg on (all over) his face X put his foot in it X came a cropper X looked (appeared) ridiculous X looked (ended up looking) pretty stupid (in limited contexts) X laid an egg X got himself into a mess.Партийные идеологи с предсказанием сроков очень часто садятся в лужу. Никита Хрущёв обещал построить коммунизм за 20 лет, но теперь ясно видно, что он вряд ли будет построен и через 200 лет (Войнович 1). When making predictions about time, Party ideologists often fall flat on their faces. Nikita Khrushchev promised that Communism would be built in twenty years, but now it's clear that it can scarcely be built in two hundred (1a).(Сатин (Барону, смеясь):) Вы, ваше вашество, опять торжественно сели в лужу! Образованный человек, а карту передёрнуть не можете... (Горький 3). (S. (to the Baron, laughing):) Your Lordship has put your foot into it with a vengeance again. An educated man and doesn't even know how to cheat! (3e).Муромский:) Посередь-то высшего общества не сесть бы в лужу. (Атуева:) И в лужу не сяду! (Сухово-Кобылин 2). (М.:) Make sure you don't come a cropper, with all of your high society looking on. (A.:) I won't come a cropper! (2a).«Его, чёрта, голыми руками не возьмёшь... Оперативников просить? А вдруг нет там никакого Цыганкова, а если и был, то второй раз на одно место не придёт? Значит, сядем в галошу, Лашков» (Максимов 3). "You won't catch that devil bare-handed....Maybe we ought to call the Criminal Investigation Squad? But what if it wasn't Tsygankov at all, or maybe he was there but won't come to the same place twice? We'd look pretty stupid, Lashkov" (3a).Всё сгнило здесь, -думал Максим. - Ни одного живого человека. Ни одной ясной головы. И опять я сел в галошу, потому что понадеялся на кого-то или на что-то» (Стругацкие 2). "Everything is rotten here," thought Maxim. "There isn't one real man among them. Not a single clear head. And I've gotten myself into a mess again because I relied on other people" (2a). -
65 бог даст
• БОГ ДАСТ coll[VPsubj; Invar; sent adv (parenth)]=====⇒ I hope, one hopes (that things will turn out as desired):- God grant.♦ "Ну, бог даст, ещё увидимся". Шофёр, поняв это как указание, надавил на газ, и машина рванулась (Евтушенко 2). "Well, God willing, we'll see each other again." The driver, interpreting this as a command, stepped on the gas, and the car sped away (2a).♦ "Где же неприятель?" - "Неприятель недалече... Бог даст, всё будет ладно" (Пушкин 2). "And where is the enemy?" "The enemy isn't far off....With God's help we'll be all right" (2a).♦ "...В первый раз я слышал такие веши от 25-летнего человека и, бог даст, в последний..." (Лермонтов 1). "...It was the first time that I had heard such things from a man of twenty-five, and I hope to God it may also be the last..." (1a).♦ "Не кричи, Натальюшка. Слезой тут не поможешь. Бог даст, живых-здоровых увидим" (Шолохов 5). "Don't cry, Natalya, dearie. Tears won't help. God grant we'll see them all again safe and sound" (5a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > бог даст
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66 садиться в галошу
• САДИТЬСЯ/СЕСТЬ В ЛУЖУ <B КАЛОШУ, В ГАЛОШУ> coll[VP; subj: human; more often pfv]=====⇒ to end up in a foolish, embarrassing position (because of failing to do sth. properly, making a blunder, revealing one's ignorance etc):- X made a fool <an ass, a jackass> of himself;- X had < ended up with> egg on < all over> his face;- X looked < appeared> ridiculous;- [in limited contexts] X laid an egg;- X got himself into a mess.♦ Партийные идеологи с предсказанием сроков очень часто садятся в лужу. Никита Хрущёв обещал построить коммунизм за 20 лет, но теперь ясно видно, что он вряд ли будет построен и через 200 лет( Войнович 1). When making predictions about time, Party ideologists often fall flat on their faces. Nikita Khrushchev promised that Communism would be built in twenty years, but now it's clear that it can scarcely be built in two hundred (1a).♦ [Сатин (Барону, смеясь):] Вы, ваше вашество, опять торжественно сели в лужу! Образованный человек, а карту передёрнуть не можете... (Горький 3). [S. (to the Baron, laughing):) Your Lordship has put your foot into it with a vengeance again. An educated man and doesn't even know how to cheat! (3e).♦ [Муромский:] Посередь-то высшего общества не сесть бы в лужу. [Атуева:] И в лужу не сяду! (Сухово-Кобылин 2). [М.:] Маке sure you don't come a cropper, with all of your high society looking on. [A.:] I won't come a cropper! (2a).♦ "Его, чёрта, голыми руками не возьмёшь... Оперативников просить? А вдруг нет там никакого Цыганкова, а если и был, то второй раз на одно место не придёт? Значит, сядем в галошу, Лашков" (Максимов 3). "You won't catch that devil bare-handed....Maybe we ought to call the Criminal Investigation Squad? But what if it wasn't Tsygankov at all, or maybe he was there but won't come to the same place twice? We'd look pretty stupid, Lashkov" (3a).♦ "Всё сгнило здесь, - думал Максим. - Ни одного живого человека. Ни одной ясной головы. И опять я сел в галошу, потому что понадеялся на кого-то или на что-то" (Стругацкие 2). "Everything is rotten here," thought Maxim. "There isn't one real man among them. Not a single clear head. And I've gotten myself into a mess again because I relied on other people" (2a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > садиться в галошу
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67 садиться в калошу
• САДИТЬСЯ/СЕСТЬ В ЛУЖУ <B КАЛОШУ, В ГАЛОШУ> coll[VP; subj: human; more often pfv]=====⇒ to end up in a foolish, embarrassing position (because of failing to do sth. properly, making a blunder, revealing one's ignorance etc):- X made a fool <an ass, a jackass> of himself;- X had < ended up with> egg on < all over> his face;- X looked < appeared> ridiculous;- [in limited contexts] X laid an egg;- X got himself into a mess.♦ Партийные идеологи с предсказанием сроков очень часто садятся в лужу. Никита Хрущёв обещал построить коммунизм за 20 лет, но теперь ясно видно, что он вряд ли будет построен и через 200 лет( Войнович 1). When making predictions about time, Party ideologists often fall flat on their faces. Nikita Khrushchev promised that Communism would be built in twenty years, but now it's clear that it can scarcely be built in two hundred (1a).♦ [Сатин (Барону, смеясь):] Вы, ваше вашество, опять торжественно сели в лужу! Образованный человек, а карту передёрнуть не можете... (Горький 3). [S. (to the Baron, laughing):) Your Lordship has put your foot into it with a vengeance again. An educated man and doesn't even know how to cheat! (3e).♦ [Муромский:] Посередь-то высшего общества не сесть бы в лужу. [Атуева:] И в лужу не сяду! (Сухово-Кобылин 2). [М.:] Маке sure you don't come a cropper, with all of your high society looking on. [A.:] I won't come a cropper! (2a).♦ "Его, чёрта, голыми руками не возьмёшь... Оперативников просить? А вдруг нет там никакого Цыганкова, а если и был, то второй раз на одно место не придёт? Значит, сядем в галошу, Лашков" (Максимов 3). "You won't catch that devil bare-handed....Maybe we ought to call the Criminal Investigation Squad? But what if it wasn't Tsygankov at all, or maybe he was there but won't come to the same place twice? We'd look pretty stupid, Lashkov" (3a).♦ "Всё сгнило здесь, - думал Максим. - Ни одного живого человека. Ни одной ясной головы. И опять я сел в галошу, потому что понадеялся на кого-то или на что-то" (Стругацкие 2). "Everything is rotten here," thought Maxim. "There isn't one real man among them. Not a single clear head. And I've gotten myself into a mess again because I relied on other people" (2a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > садиться в калошу
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68 садиться в лужу
• САДИТЬСЯ/СЕСТЬ В ЛУЖУ <B КАЛОШУ, В ГАЛОШУ> coll[VP; subj: human; more often pfv]=====⇒ to end up in a foolish, embarrassing position (because of failing to do sth. properly, making a blunder, revealing one's ignorance etc):- X made a fool <an ass, a jackass> of himself;- X had < ended up with> egg on < all over> his face;- X looked < appeared> ridiculous;- [in limited contexts] X laid an egg;- X got himself into a mess.♦ Партийные идеологи с предсказанием сроков очень часто садятся в лужу. Никита Хрущёв обещал построить коммунизм за 20 лет, но теперь ясно видно, что он вряд ли будет построен и через 200 лет( Войнович 1). When making predictions about time, Party ideologists often fall flat on their faces. Nikita Khrushchev promised that Communism would be built in twenty years, but now it's clear that it can scarcely be built in two hundred (1a).♦ [Сатин (Барону, смеясь):] Вы, ваше вашество, опять торжественно сели в лужу! Образованный человек, а карту передёрнуть не можете... (Горький 3). [S. (to the Baron, laughing):) Your Lordship has put your foot into it with a vengeance again. An educated man and doesn't even know how to cheat! (3e).♦ [Муромский:] Посередь-то высшего общества не сесть бы в лужу. [Атуева:] И в лужу не сяду! (Сухово-Кобылин 2). [М.:] Маке sure you don't come a cropper, with all of your high society looking on. [A.:] I won't come a cropper! (2a).♦ "Его, чёрта, голыми руками не возьмёшь... Оперативников просить? А вдруг нет там никакого Цыганкова, а если и был, то второй раз на одно место не придёт? Значит, сядем в галошу, Лашков" (Максимов 3). "You won't catch that devil bare-handed....Maybe we ought to call the Criminal Investigation Squad? But what if it wasn't Tsygankov at all, or maybe he was there but won't come to the same place twice? We'd look pretty stupid, Lashkov" (3a).♦ "Всё сгнило здесь, - думал Максим. - Ни одного живого человека. Ни одной ясной головы. И опять я сел в галошу, потому что понадеялся на кого-то или на что-то" (Стругацкие 2). "Everything is rotten here," thought Maxim. "There isn't one real man among them. Not a single clear head. And I've gotten myself into a mess again because I relied on other people" (2a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > садиться в лужу
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69 сесть в галошу
• САДИТЬСЯ/СЕСТЬ В ЛУЖУ <B КАЛОШУ, В ГАЛОШУ> coll[VP; subj: human; more often pfv]=====⇒ to end up in a foolish, embarrassing position (because of failing to do sth. properly, making a blunder, revealing one's ignorance etc):- X made a fool <an ass, a jackass> of himself;- X had < ended up with> egg on < all over> his face;- X looked < appeared> ridiculous;- [in limited contexts] X laid an egg;- X got himself into a mess.♦ Партийные идеологи с предсказанием сроков очень часто садятся в лужу. Никита Хрущёв обещал построить коммунизм за 20 лет, но теперь ясно видно, что он вряд ли будет построен и через 200 лет( Войнович 1). When making predictions about time, Party ideologists often fall flat on their faces. Nikita Khrushchev promised that Communism would be built in twenty years, but now it's clear that it can scarcely be built in two hundred (1a).♦ [Сатин (Барону, смеясь):] Вы, ваше вашество, опять торжественно сели в лужу! Образованный человек, а карту передёрнуть не можете... (Горький 3). [S. (to the Baron, laughing):) Your Lordship has put your foot into it with a vengeance again. An educated man and doesn't even know how to cheat! (3e).♦ [Муромский:] Посередь-то высшего общества не сесть бы в лужу. [Атуева:] И в лужу не сяду! (Сухово-Кобылин 2). [М.:] Маке sure you don't come a cropper, with all of your high society looking on. [A.:] I won't come a cropper! (2a).♦ "Его, чёрта, голыми руками не возьмёшь... Оперативников просить? А вдруг нет там никакого Цыганкова, а если и был, то второй раз на одно место не придёт? Значит, сядем в галошу, Лашков" (Максимов 3). "You won't catch that devil bare-handed....Maybe we ought to call the Criminal Investigation Squad? But what if it wasn't Tsygankov at all, or maybe he was there but won't come to the same place twice? We'd look pretty stupid, Lashkov" (3a).♦ "Всё сгнило здесь, - думал Максим. - Ни одного живого человека. Ни одной ясной головы. И опять я сел в галошу, потому что понадеялся на кого-то или на что-то" (Стругацкие 2). "Everything is rotten here," thought Maxim. "There isn't one real man among them. Not a single clear head. And I've gotten myself into a mess again because I relied on other people" (2a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > сесть в галошу
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70 сесть в калошу
• САДИТЬСЯ/СЕСТЬ В ЛУЖУ <B КАЛОШУ, В ГАЛОШУ> coll[VP; subj: human; more often pfv]=====⇒ to end up in a foolish, embarrassing position (because of failing to do sth. properly, making a blunder, revealing one's ignorance etc):- X made a fool <an ass, a jackass> of himself;- X had < ended up with> egg on < all over> his face;- X looked < appeared> ridiculous;- [in limited contexts] X laid an egg;- X got himself into a mess.♦ Партийные идеологи с предсказанием сроков очень часто садятся в лужу. Никита Хрущёв обещал построить коммунизм за 20 лет, но теперь ясно видно, что он вряд ли будет построен и через 200 лет( Войнович 1). When making predictions about time, Party ideologists often fall flat on their faces. Nikita Khrushchev promised that Communism would be built in twenty years, but now it's clear that it can scarcely be built in two hundred (1a).♦ [Сатин (Барону, смеясь):] Вы, ваше вашество, опять торжественно сели в лужу! Образованный человек, а карту передёрнуть не можете... (Горький 3). [S. (to the Baron, laughing):) Your Lordship has put your foot into it with a vengeance again. An educated man and doesn't even know how to cheat! (3e).♦ [Муромский:] Посередь-то высшего общества не сесть бы в лужу. [Атуева:] И в лужу не сяду! (Сухово-Кобылин 2). [М.:] Маке sure you don't come a cropper, with all of your high society looking on. [A.:] I won't come a cropper! (2a).♦ "Его, чёрта, голыми руками не возьмёшь... Оперативников просить? А вдруг нет там никакого Цыганкова, а если и был, то второй раз на одно место не придёт? Значит, сядем в галошу, Лашков" (Максимов 3). "You won't catch that devil bare-handed....Maybe we ought to call the Criminal Investigation Squad? But what if it wasn't Tsygankov at all, or maybe he was there but won't come to the same place twice? We'd look pretty stupid, Lashkov" (3a).♦ "Всё сгнило здесь, - думал Максим. - Ни одного живого человека. Ни одной ясной головы. И опять я сел в галошу, потому что понадеялся на кого-то или на что-то" (Стругацкие 2). "Everything is rotten here," thought Maxim. "There isn't one real man among them. Not a single clear head. And I've gotten myself into a mess again because I relied on other people" (2a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > сесть в калошу
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71 сесть в лужу
• САДИТЬСЯ/СЕСТЬ В ЛУЖУ <B КАЛОШУ, В ГАЛОШУ> coll[VP; subj: human; more often pfv]=====⇒ to end up in a foolish, embarrassing position (because of failing to do sth. properly, making a blunder, revealing one's ignorance etc):- X made a fool <an ass, a jackass> of himself;- X had < ended up with> egg on < all over> his face;- X looked < appeared> ridiculous;- [in limited contexts] X laid an egg;- X got himself into a mess.♦ Партийные идеологи с предсказанием сроков очень часто садятся в лужу. Никита Хрущёв обещал построить коммунизм за 20 лет, но теперь ясно видно, что он вряд ли будет построен и через 200 лет( Войнович 1). When making predictions about time, Party ideologists often fall flat on their faces. Nikita Khrushchev promised that Communism would be built in twenty years, but now it's clear that it can scarcely be built in two hundred (1a).♦ [Сатин (Барону, смеясь):] Вы, ваше вашество, опять торжественно сели в лужу! Образованный человек, а карту передёрнуть не можете... (Горький 3). [S. (to the Baron, laughing):) Your Lordship has put your foot into it with a vengeance again. An educated man and doesn't even know how to cheat! (3e).♦ [Муромский:] Посередь-то высшего общества не сесть бы в лужу. [Атуева:] И в лужу не сяду! (Сухово-Кобылин 2). [М.:] Маке sure you don't come a cropper, with all of your high society looking on. [A.:] I won't come a cropper! (2a).♦ "Его, чёрта, голыми руками не возьмёшь... Оперативников просить? А вдруг нет там никакого Цыганкова, а если и был, то второй раз на одно место не придёт? Значит, сядем в галошу, Лашков" (Максимов 3). "You won't catch that devil bare-handed....Maybe we ought to call the Criminal Investigation Squad? But what if it wasn't Tsygankov at all, or maybe he was there but won't come to the same place twice? We'd look pretty stupid, Lashkov" (3a).♦ "Всё сгнило здесь, - думал Максим. - Ни одного живого человека. Ни одной ясной головы. И опять я сел в галошу, потому что понадеялся на кого-то или на что-то" (Стругацкие 2). "Everything is rotten here," thought Maxim. "There isn't one real man among them. Not a single clear head. And I've gotten myself into a mess again because I relied on other people" (2a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > сесть в лужу
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72 okrągło
Ⅰ adv. (koliście)- paznokcie obcięte na okrągło round cut nailsⅡ na okrągło pot. ona na okrągło mi o tym opowiada she’s telling me that story again and again* * *adv.roundly, spherically; na okrągło round the clock, twenty-four/seven, 24-7.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > okrągło
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73 consumir
v.1 to consume (producto).en casa consumimos mucho aceite de oliva we use a lot of olive oil at homeconsumir drogas to take drugsconsumir preferentemente antes de… best before…María consumió sus ahorros Mary consumed her savings.La malaria consumió a Pedro The swamp fever consumed Peter.La pasión consumió a Ricardo The passion consumed Richard.2 to use, to consume.esta estufa consume mucha electricidad this heater uses a lot of electricitymi coche consume cinco litros a los cien my car does twenty kilometers to the liter3 to destroy (destruir) (sujeto: fuego).le consumen los celos (figurative) he is eaten up by o consumed with jealousy4 to burn up.El auto consume mucha gasolina The car burns up too much fuel.* * *1 (gastar, usar) to consume, use2 (destruir) to destroy, consume3 (tomar) to take, consume■ en España se consume más aceite de oliva que en otros países de Europa more olive oil is consumed in Spain than in other European countries1 (extinguirse) to burn out2 (secarse) to boil away3 (destruirse) to be destroyed4 figurado (afligirse) to waste away5 figurado (carcomerse) to be consumed, be devoured* * *verb* * *1. VT1) [+ comida, bebida, droga] to consume frmen este bar se consume más vino que cerveza — more wine than beer is drunk o frm consumed in this bar
no pueden sentarse aquí si no van a consumir nada — you can't sit here if you're not going to have anything to eat or drink
consumir preferentemente antes de... — best before...
2) [+ energía, gasolina] to use, consume frm3) [+ tiempo] to take up4) (=extinguir) [+ salud] to destroyel cáncer lo está consumiendo — cancer is destroying him, he's being wasted away by cancer
estos niños me están consumiendo la paciencia — these children are trying o taxing my patience, my patience is wearing thin with these children
5) (=desesperar)los celos lo consumen — he is consumed o eaten up with jealousy
2. VI1) (=comer) to eat; (=beber) to drinkpor favor, váyase si no va a consumir — please leave if you're not going to eat or drink
2) (=gastar) to consume3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) (frml) <comida/bebida> to eat/drink, consume (frml)no vamos a consumir nada — we're not going to have anything to eat/drink
consúmase en el día — eat o consume within one day
consumen cantidades industriales de mermelada — (hum) they get through vast quantities of jam (colloq & hum)
b) <gasolina/energía/producto> to consume, use; < tiempo> to take upc) < salud> to ruin2) (destruir, acabar con)a) fuego/llamas to consumeb) enfermedadc) envidia/celosla envidia/los celos la consumían — he was consumed by o with envy/jealousy
3) ( exasperar) to exasperate2.consumirse v prona) enfermo/anciano to waste awayconsumirse de algo: se consumía de pena — she was being consumed by grief
b) vela/cigarrillo to burn downc) líquido to reduce* * *= consume, expend, eat up, swallow up, use up, put away.Ex. Her eyes were dry and her head bleary from spending all week totally consumed with work.Ex. Command of various techniques for forecasting payments and managing funds is necessary to expend fully without overspending the annual materials budget.Ex. The importance of staff atitude is emphasized because the outreach effort has little chance of success without commitment -- it eats up time, energy, enthusiasm and imagination at a rapid rate.Ex. The growing complexity of computing environments requires creative solutions to prevent the gain in productivity promised by computing advances from being swallowed up by the necessity of moving information from one environment to another.Ex. Plug-in programs have grown widely, they add functionality to a WWW browser but also use up drive storage space or conflict with other types of programs.Ex. He put away twice as much wine as usual and it went to his head, so he stretched out on his bed for a nap.----* consumir a uno un sentimiento de + Nombre = be consumed by + a feeling of + Nombre.* consumir energía = consume + energy, take up + energy.* consumir esfuerzo = take up + energy.* consumir poco a poco = eat away at.* consumir + Posesivo + tiempo = swallow up + Posesivo + time.* consumir rápidamente = devour.* que consume mucha energía = power-hungry.* que consume tiempo = time-consuming [time consuming].* ritual en el que se consumen alucinógenos = mushroom ritual.* sin consumir = nonconsumptive.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) (frml) <comida/bebida> to eat/drink, consume (frml)no vamos a consumir nada — we're not going to have anything to eat/drink
consúmase en el día — eat o consume within one day
consumen cantidades industriales de mermelada — (hum) they get through vast quantities of jam (colloq & hum)
b) <gasolina/energía/producto> to consume, use; < tiempo> to take upc) < salud> to ruin2) (destruir, acabar con)a) fuego/llamas to consumeb) enfermedadc) envidia/celosla envidia/los celos la consumían — he was consumed by o with envy/jealousy
3) ( exasperar) to exasperate2.consumirse v prona) enfermo/anciano to waste awayconsumirse de algo: se consumía de pena — she was being consumed by grief
b) vela/cigarrillo to burn downc) líquido to reduce* * *= consume, expend, eat up, swallow up, use up, put away.Ex: Her eyes were dry and her head bleary from spending all week totally consumed with work.
Ex: Command of various techniques for forecasting payments and managing funds is necessary to expend fully without overspending the annual materials budget.Ex: The importance of staff atitude is emphasized because the outreach effort has little chance of success without commitment -- it eats up time, energy, enthusiasm and imagination at a rapid rate.Ex: The growing complexity of computing environments requires creative solutions to prevent the gain in productivity promised by computing advances from being swallowed up by the necessity of moving information from one environment to another.Ex: Plug-in programs have grown widely, they add functionality to a WWW browser but also use up drive storage space or conflict with other types of programs.Ex: He put away twice as much wine as usual and it went to his head, so he stretched out on his bed for a nap.* consumir a uno un sentimiento de + Nombre = be consumed by + a feeling of + Nombre.* consumir energía = consume + energy, take up + energy.* consumir esfuerzo = take up + energy.* consumir poco a poco = eat away at.* consumir + Posesivo + tiempo = swallow up + Posesivo + time.* consumir rápidamente = devour.* que consume mucha energía = power-hungry.* que consume tiempo = time-consuming [time consuming].* ritual en el que se consumen alucinógenos = mushroom ritual.* sin consumir = nonconsumptive.* * *consumir [I1 ]vtAsi no van a consumir nada no pueden ocupar la mesa if you're not going to have anything to eat/drink, you can't sit at a tableconsuma productos nacionales buy home-produced goodsestos niños consumen cantidades industriales de mermelada ( hum); these children get through vast quantities of jam ( colloq hum)una vez abierto consúmase en el día once open, eat o consume within one day¿cuánto vino se consumió en la recepción? how much wine was drunk at the reception?, how much wine did they get through at the reception? ( colloq)2 ‹gasolina/energía/producto› to consume, use; ‹tiempo› to take upeste coche consume ocho litros a los 100 (kilómetros) this car does 100km on 8 liters of gasoline, ≈ this car does 35 miles to the gallonaquí consumimos grandes cantidades de papel we use o get through vast quantities of paper hereestás consumiendo mi paciencia you're trying o taxing my patience, my patience is running out o wearing thinB (destruir, acabar con) «fuego/llamas» to consume; «incendio» to consume, destroyla terrible enfermedad que lo está consumiendo the terrible disease that is making him waste awayla ambición la consume she is burning with ambitionestá consumido por los celos he's eaten up o consumed with jealousy1 «enfermo/anciano» to waste away consumirse DE algo:se consumía de celos he was consumed o eaten up with jealousyse consumía de pena she was being consumed by grief, she was pining away with griefconsumirse EN algo:se consumía en deseos de volver a verla ( liter); he had a burning desire to see her again ( liter), he was consumed with desire to see her again ( liter)2 «vela/cigarrillo» to burn down3 «líquido» to reducese deja hervir para que se consuma algo el líquido boil off o away some of the liquid, leave it on the boil to reduce the liquid o so that the liquid reduces4 (achicarse) to shrink* * *
consumir ( conjugate consumir) verbo transitivo
‹ tiempo› to take up
[envidia/celos]:◊ la envidia la consumía she was consumed by o with envy
consumirse verbo pronominal
consumir verbo transitivo to consume
consumir antes de..., best before...
' consumir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abusar
- agotar
- reconcomer
- consumido
- gastar
- tomar
English:
best
- burn up
- consume
- eat into
- eat up
- swallow up
- use
- carry
- drain
- eat
- swallow
* * *♦ vt1. [producto] to consume;en casa consumimos mucho aceite de oliva we use a lot of olive oil at home;consumieron sus refrescos en el bar they had their drinks at the bar;está prohibido consumir bebidas alcohólicas en los campos de fútbol the consumption of alcohol is forbidden in football grounds;fue acusado de consumir drogas he was accused of taking drugs;consumir preferentemente antes de… [en envase] best before…2. [gastar] to use, to consume;esta estufa consume mucha electricidad this heater uses a lot of electricity;mi coche consume 7 litros a los cien ≈ my car does 41 miles to the gallon3. [desgastar] to wear out;el rozamiento consume los neumáticos friction wears down the tyres4. [destruir] [sujeto: fuego] to destroy5. [destruir] [sujeto: enfermedad] to eat away at;el cáncer lo va consumiendo poco a poco he's gradually wasting away because of the cancer;los celos lo consumen he is eaten up by o consumed with jealousy;este calor me consume this heat is killing me o is too much for me♦ vito consume* * *v/t & v/i consume;consumir preferentemente antes de … COM best before …* * *consumir vt: to consume* * *consumir vb1. (usar) to consume / to use3. (destruir) to destroy -
74 desgastar
v.1 to wear out.2 to wear down, to fret, to eat away, to rub away.El roce desgasta el cuero Friction wears down leather.3 to exhaust, to play out.El acoso desgasta la mente Harassment exhausts the mind.4 to tire out, to drain.* * *2 (erosionar) to erode3 figurado (debilitar) to weaken1 (gastarse) to wear out, get worn2 figurado (debilitarse) to weaken* * *verbto wear out, wear down* * *1. VT1) [+ ropa, zapatos, tejido, moqueta, neumático] to wear out; [+ tacones, suela] to wear down; [+ superficie] to wear away2) [+ rival, contrincante] to wear down2.VI (=debilitar)veinte años de poder desgastan — after twenty years in power you get stale o run out of steam
3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivob) ( debilitar) to wear... down2.desgastarse v pron* * *= wear out, eat away at.Ex. What we really want is a product that wears out from use over a reasonable amount of time.Ex. Rather than catalog departments going out of business, they could turn their attention once again to cataloging special local materials, eating away at store-rooms of uncataloged materials, and making their collections as a whole more responsive to their local constituency.----* desgastarse = wear off.* no desgastarse fácilmente = wear + well.* sin desgastar = unworn.* * *1.verbo transitivob) ( debilitar) to wear... down2.desgastarse v pron* * *= wear out, eat away at.Ex: What we really want is a product that wears out from use over a reasonable amount of time.
Ex: Rather than catalog departments going out of business, they could turn their attention once again to cataloging special local materials, eating away at store-rooms of uncataloged materials, and making their collections as a whole more responsive to their local constituency.* desgastarse = wear off.* no desgastarse fácilmente = wear + well.* sin desgastar = unworn.* * *desgastar [A1 ]vt1 (gastar) ‹suelas/ropa› to wear out; ‹roca› to wear away, erode2 (debilitar) to wear … down1 (gastarse) «ropa» to wear out; «roca» to wear away; «tacón» to wear down2 «persona» to wear oneself out; «relación» to grow stale* * *
desgastar ( conjugate desgastar) verbo transitivo
‹ roca› to wear away, erode
desgastarse verbo pronominal
[ roca] to wear away;
[ tacón] to wear down
[ relación] to grow stale
desgastar verbo transitivo to wear out
' desgastar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
gastar
English:
eat away
- erode
- wear
- wear away
- weather
* * *♦ vt1. [suela, neumático] to wear down;[puño, cuerda] to fray; [roca] to wear away;han desgastado la tapicería del sofá con sus juegos they've caused a lot of wear on the upholstery of the sofa with their playing on it2. [persona] to wear out;[organización] to weaken* * *v/t1 zapatos wear out2 defensas wear down* * *desgastar vt1) : to use up2) : to wear away, to wear down* * * -
75 marcharse
1 to leave* * *1) to depart2) leave* * *VPR to go (away), leave¿os marcháis? — are you leaving?
con permiso, me marcho — if you don't mind I must go
es tarde, me marcho a casa — it's late, I'm going home
¿cuándo te marchas de vacaciones? — when are you going on holiday?
* * *= go off, head off, head out, depart, walk out, make + a quick getaway.Ex. In this novel, if you remember, Henry Crawford, having been refused by the heroine Fanny, goes off and elopes with an old flame, Mrs Rushworth.Ex. The next day we shook off our hangovers with another refreshing dip under the waterfall, packed our bags and headed off.Ex. It's tempting to splurge on a new hi-fi system or head out on a shopping spree, but the smart option might be to pay off an existing debt.Ex. He smiled again, waved goodbye, and departed.Ex. At least five members of the audience walked out during the bishop's address.Ex. Paris and her boyfriend Benji were trying to make a quick getaway from paparazzi and fans when she fell over a step.----* marcharse apresuradamente = hasten away.* marcharse para siempre = go + forever.* ser hora de marcharse = be time to go.* * *= go off, head off, head out, depart, walk out, make + a quick getaway.Ex: In this novel, if you remember, Henry Crawford, having been refused by the heroine Fanny, goes off and elopes with an old flame, Mrs Rushworth.
Ex: The next day we shook off our hangovers with another refreshing dip under the waterfall, packed our bags and headed off.Ex: It's tempting to splurge on a new hi-fi system or head out on a shopping spree, but the smart option might be to pay off an existing debt.Ex: He smiled again, waved goodbye, and departed.Ex: At least five members of the audience walked out during the bishop's address.Ex: Paris and her boyfriend Benji were trying to make a quick getaway from paparazzi and fans when she fell over a step.* marcharse apresuradamente = hasten away.* marcharse para siempre = go + forever.* ser hora de marcharse = be time to go.* * *
■marcharse vr (irse) to leave, go away: ¡márchate, quiero estar sola!, go away, I want to be on my own! ➣ Ver nota en leave
' marcharse' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
estar
- irse
- resolución
- decisión
- ir
- marchar
- partir
- terminar
English:
arguable
- book out
- check out
- depart
- dismiss
- drift
- go away
- go off
- head off
- leave
- move off
- move out
- push off
- quit
- reluctant
- troop
- trot away
- trot off
- walk away
- walk off
- go
- walk
* * *vprto leave, to go;se marchó de aquí cuando era muy pequeño he left here when he was very young;me tengo que marcharse I've got to go* * *v/r leave, go* * *vr: to leave* * * -
76 fresco
adj.1 cool, fresh.2 fresh, newly made, recent, new.3 insolent, cheeky, impudent.4 insolent, carefree, cheeky, unmindful.m.1 cool air.2 drink, beverage, refreshment.3 fresco.4 cheeky devil.* * *► adjetivo1 (temperatura) cool, cold2 (tela, vestido) light, cool3 (aspecto) healthy, fresh4 (comida) fresh5 (reciente) fresh, new6 figurado (impasible) cool, calm, unworried7 (desvergonzado) cheeky, shameless1 (frescor) fresh air, cool air2 ARTE fresco\al fresco in the coolhacer fresco to be chilly¡qué fresco,-a! what a nerve!quedarse tan fresco,-a not to bat an eyelid¡sí que estamos frescos! now we're in a fine mess!tomar el fresco to get some fresh air————————1 (frescor) fresh air, cool air2 ARTE fresco* * *1. noun m. 2. (f. - fresca)adj.1) cool2) fresh* * *fresco, -a1. ADJ1) (Culin)a) (=no congelado, no cocinado) freshb) (=no pasado) [carne, fruta] fresh; [huevo] fresh, new-laidc) (=no curado) [queso] unripened; [salmón] fresh2) (=frío)a) [brisa, viento] coolb) [bebida] cool, cold; [agua] [para beber] cold; [en piscina, río] cooluna cerveza fresca — a cool o cold beer
c) [tiempo] [desagradable] chilly; [agradable] coolponte una chaqueta, que la noche está fresca — put a jacket on, it's chilly tonight
¡qué fresco se estará ahora en la montaña! — it will be so nice and cool just now in the mountains
d) [tela, vestido] cool3) (=reciente) [ideas] fresh; [pintura] wetvenía contento, con dinero fresco en el bolsillo — he came along looking happy, with fresh money in his pocket
4) (=natural) [piel, estilo] fresh5) (=refrescante) [colonia, perfume] refreshing6) (=persona) (=descansado) fresh; (=descarado) cheeky, sassy (EEUU)prefiero estudiar por las mañanas, cuando aún estoy fresco — I prefer studying in the morning while I'm still fresh
¡qué fresco! — what a cheek! *, what a nerve! *
¡está o va fresco, si cree que le voy a ayudar otra vez! — he couldn't be more wrong if he thinks that I'm going to help him again!, if he thinks I'm going to help him again, he's got another think coming!
•
me lo dijo tan fresco — he just said it to me as cool as you like2.SM / F * [sinvergüenza]¡usted es un fresco! — you've got a nerve! *
3. SM1) (=temperatura)se sentó a la sombra del árbol buscando el fresco — she sat down under the tree, in the cool of its shade
voy a sentarme fuera, al fresco — I'm going to sit outside where it's nice and cool
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dormir al fresco — to sleep in the open air, sleep outdoors•
tomar el fresco — to get some fresh airque te lo creas o no, me trae al fresco — I couldn't care less whether you believe it or not
2) (Arte) frescofresca* * *I- ca adjetivo1)b) <ropa/tela> cool2)a) (no enlatado, no congelado) freshb) ( reciente) freshc) <cutis/belleza> fresh, youngd) < aire> fresh3) < persona>a) [ser] (fam) ( descarado)ir fresco — (Esp fam)
b) [estar] ( descansado) refreshed; ( no cansado) freshc) ( tranquilo)me lo dijo, así, tan fresca — she was as cool as could be when she told me
d) [ser] (Col fam) ( sencillo) relaxed, easygoingII IIIfresco hermano! — cool it! (colloq)
1) ( aire) fresh air2) ( frío moderado)ponte una chaqueta que hace fresco — put a jacket on, it's chilly out
traer a alguien al fresco — (Esp fam)
3) (Art) fresco4) (AmL) ( gaseosa) soda (AmE), fizzy drink (BrE); ( refresco de frutas) fruit drink* * *I- ca adjetivo1)b) <ropa/tela> cool2)a) (no enlatado, no congelado) freshb) ( reciente) freshc) <cutis/belleza> fresh, youngd) < aire> fresh3) < persona>a) [ser] (fam) ( descarado)ir fresco — (Esp fam)
b) [estar] ( descansado) refreshed; ( no cansado) freshc) ( tranquilo)me lo dijo, así, tan fresca — she was as cool as could be when she told me
d) [ser] (Col fam) ( sencillo) relaxed, easygoingII IIIfresco hermano! — cool it! (colloq)
1) ( aire) fresh air2) ( frío moderado)ponte una chaqueta que hace fresco — put a jacket on, it's chilly out
traer a alguien al fresco — (Esp fam)
3) (Art) fresco4) (AmL) ( gaseosa) soda (AmE), fizzy drink (BrE); ( refresco de frutas) fruit drink* * *fresco11 = fresco [frescoes, -pl.].Ex: The prototype has been used to develop an application concerning images of frescoes of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican.
fresco22 = fresh [fresher -comp., freshest -sup.], crisp.Ex: A fresh, constant temperature and humidity not only promotes efficiency of use, it encourages use.
Ex: But because of their relatively short shelf life, heads of lettuce have to be shipped quickly so that they remain crisp and fresh.* alimento fresco = fresh food.* fruta fresca = fresh fruit.* hacer fresco = be cool.* producto fresco = fresh food.fresco33 = cheeky [cheekier -comp., cheekiest -sup.], sassy [sassier -comp., sassiest -sup.], saucy [saucier -comp., sauciest -sup.].Ex: The young man in the picture is myself snapped twenty-five years or so ago by a cheeky thirteen-year-old during the first few months of my first teaching job.
Ex: This series of personal essays are at various times sassy, profound, superficial, and maddening.Ex: Singers and other entertainers in Burma have been warned to cut out saucy behaviour and be neat and tidy or face the consequences.* ponerse fresco con = act + fresh with.* quedarse tan fresco = not bat an eyelash, not bat an eyelid.* ser un fresco con = act + fresh with.* tan fresco = as cool as a cucumber.* * *A1 ‹viento› cool, fresh; ‹agua› cold; ‹bebida› cool, coldel tiempo está más bien fresco the weather is a bit chilly o is on the cool side2 ‹ropa/tela› coolB1 (no enlatado, no congelado) freshpescado fresco fresh fish2 (reciente) fresheste pescado está fresquísimo this fish is so fresh!trae noticias frescas she has the latest newslos recuerdos de la guerra aún estaban frescos memories of the war were still fresh in people's minds[ S ] pintura fresca wet paint3 ‹cutis/belleza› fresh, young4 ‹olor› fresh5 (no viciado) ‹aire› freshun poco de aire fresco a breath of fresh airC ‹persona›1 [ SER] ( fam)(descarado): ¡qué tipo más fresco! that guy sure has some nerve! ( colloq), what a nerve that guy has! ( colloq)ir fresco ( Esp fam): ése va fresco si se piensa que le voy a prestar dinero he's sadly mistaken if he thinks I'm going to lend him any money, if he thinks I'm going to lend him any money he's got another think coming2 [ ESTAR] (descansado) refreshed, fresh; (no cansado) fresh3(tranquilo): yo estaba muerto de miedo pero él estaba tan fresco I was scared to death but he was as cool as a cucumber o he was totally unperturbed o he didn't turn a hairme dijo que se iba de todos modos, así tan fresca she quite boldly o brazenly o unashamedly told me that she was going to go anywaymasculine, feminine( fam)(descarado): ¡eres un fresco! you have a lot of nerve! ( colloq), you've got a nerve o cheek! ( BrE colloq)A (aire) fresh airvayamos a tomar el fresco let's go and get some fresh airB(frío moderado): el fresco de la brisa the freshness o coolness of the breezehace un fresquito que da gusto it's lovely and coolponte una chaqueta que hace fresco put a jacket on, it's chilly outdarse fresco en las bolas ( Ven vulg): ¿vas a ayudar o te vas a seguir dando fresco en las bolas? are you going to help, or are you just going to sit there on your fat ass ( AmE) o ( BrE) arse? ( vulg)traer a algn al fresco ( fam): sus problemas me traen al fresco I couldn't care less o give a damn about his problems ( colloq)C ( Art) frescopintura al fresco fresco painting* * *
fresco 1◊ -ca adjetivo
1
‹ agua› cold;
‹ bebida› cool, cold;
2
( on signs) pintura fresca wet paint
3 ‹ persona›a) [ser] (fam) ( descarado):◊ ¡qué tipo más fresco! that guy sure has some nerve! (colloq)
( no cansado) freshc) ( tranquilo):
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino (fam) ( descarado):◊ ¡eres un fresco! you have a lot of nerve! (colloq)
fresco 2 sustantivo masculino
1
b) ( frío moderado):
hace fresco it's chilly
2 (Art) fresco;
3 (AmL) ( gaseosa) soda (AmE), fizzy drink (BrE);
( refresco de frutas) fruit drink
fresco,-a
I adjetivo
1 (temperatura) cool
2 (alimentos) fresh
3 (noticias, acontecimientos) fresh, new
4 (campante, indiferente) se quedó tan fresco, he didn't bat an eyelid
II sustantivo masculino
1 (frescor) fresh air, cool air: hace fresco, it's chilly
2 Arte fresco
3 pey (persona) ¡qué fresco!, what a nerve!
Cuando te refieres a una temperatura baja pero agradable, puedes usar la palabra cool. Sin embargo, si la temperatura es baja y desagradable, debes emplear la palabra cold (frío).
' fresco' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
campante
- cara
- conchudo
- fresca
- fría
- frío
- lechuga
- natural
- tomar
- traer
- chapa
English:
air
- anchovy
- bracing
- brisk
- cheeky
- chill
- cold
- cool
- crisp
- fresh
- nip
- saucy
- stuffy
- waltz
- wet
- window
- butter
- gammon
- hot
- keep
- soda
- stale
- warm
* * *fresco, -a♦ adj1. [temperatura, aire] cool;corría un viento fresco there was a cool breeze;tómate algo fresco have a cold drink3. [alimento] [reciente] fresh4. [alimento] [no congelado] fresh5. [pintura, tinta] wet6. [lozano] fresh;ha pasado la noche en vela y está tan fresco he was up all night but he's still fresh as a daisy;Famestar fresco como una rosa to be as fresh as a daisy7. [espontáneo] fresh;este escritor tiene un estilo fresco this writer has a refreshing style8. [reciente] fresh;noticias frescas fresh news9. [caradura] cheeky, forward, US fresh;¡qué fresco! what a nerve o cheek!11. CompFamtan fresco [despreocupado] [m5] no ha estudiado y sigue tan fresco he hasn't studied but he's not in the least bothered;dijo una tontería enorme y se quedó tan fresco he made an incredibly stupid remark and just carried on as if nothing was wrong;no sé cómo te puedes quedar tan fresco después de lo que ha pasado I don't know how you can be so laid-back after what happened♦ nm,f[caradura] cheeky o forward person;es un fresco he's really cheeky o forward♦ nm1. [frescor] coolness;al fresco in a cool place;hace fresco it's chilly;tomar el fresco to get a breath of fresh air2. Arte fresco;al fresco in fresco3. Andes, CAm, Méx [refresco] soft drink4. CompFamme trae al fresco lo que digan los demás I don't give two hoots what people say* * *I adj1 cool;conservar en lugar fresco keep cool, keep in a cool place3 persona famfresh fam, Brcheeky fam ;quedarse tan fresco fam stay calm, famkeep one’s coolII m, fresca f:¡eres un fresco! fam you’ve got some nerve! fam, Bryou’ve got a cheek! famIII m1 fresh air;tomar el fresco get some fresh air2:hace fresco it’s cool;me trae al fresco fam I couldn’t ocould care less, BrI couldn’t care less fam3 C.Am.bebida fruit drink* * *fresco, -ca adj1) : fresh2) : coolfresco nm1) : coolness2) : fresh airal fresco: in the open air, outdoors3) : fresco* * *fresco1 adj1. (comida) fresh2. (temperatura) cool3. (noticias) latestfresco2 n -
77 beau
beau, belle [bo, bεl]━━━━━━━━━1. adjective━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. <a. beautiful ; [homme] good-lookingc. ( = agréable) [voyage, journée] lovely• c'est le bel âge ! it's nice to be young!d. ( = réussi) successful ; [résultat] excellent• c'est le plus beau jour de ma vie ! this is the best day of my life!• ce serait trop beau ! that would be too much to hope for!e. ( = grand) [revenu, profit] handsome ; [brûlure, peur] nasty• c'est un beau salaud (inf!) he's a real bastard (vulg!)f. (locutions)• on a beau faire, ils n'apprennent rien no matter what you do, they don't learn anything• il a eu beau essayer, il n'a pas réussi despite his efforts, he was unsuccessful• il s'est bel et bien trompé he got it well and truly wrong► de plus belle [crier, rire] even louder• reprendre de plus belle [combat, polémique, violence] to start up again with renewed vigour• continuer de plus belle [discrimination, répression] to be worse than ever2. <c. faire le beau [chien] to sit up and beg3. <a. ( = femme) ma belle ! (inf) sweetheart!b. ( = partie décisive) decider• on fait la belle ? shall we play a decider?c. ( = action, parole) (inf) il en a fait de belles quand il était jeune he was a bit wild when he was young* * *
1.
1) ( esthétiquement) [enfant, femme, visage, yeux, cheveux] beautiful; [homme, garçon] handsome; [jambes] nice; [corps, silhouette] good; [couleur, son, jardin, objet] beautifulce n'est pas (bien) beau à voir! — (colloq) it's not a pretty sight!
2) ( qualitativement) [vêtements, machine, spectacle] good; [collection, spécimen] fine; [travail, cadeau] nice; [temps, jour] fine, nice; [journée, promenade] lovely; [discours, projet] fine; [effort, victoire] nice; [geste, sentiment] noble; [carrière] successful; [succès, avenir, optimisme] greatc'est bien beau tout ça, mais — (colloq) that's all very fine, but
ça serait trop beau! — (colloq) one should be so lucky! (colloq)
3) ( quantitativement) [somme, héritage] tidy; [salaire] very nice; [appétit] big
2.
nom masculin1) ( choses intéressantes)2) Philosophie ( beauté)3) Météorologiele temps est/se met au beau — the weather is/is turning fine
3.
avoir beau locution verbalej'ai beau essayer, je n'y arrive pas — it's no good my trying, I can't do it
l'économie a beau se développer, le chômage progresse — even if the economy does develop, unemployment is still growing
on a beau dire, ce n'est pas si simple — no matter what people say, it's not that easy
4.
bel et bien locution adverbiale1) ( irréversiblement) well and truly2) ( indiscutablement) definitely•Phrasal Verbs:••faire le beau — [chien] to sit up and beg; [personne] to show off
c'est du beau! — (colloq) iron lovely! iron
tout beau (tout beau)! — ( pour calmer) easy(, easy)!
* * *bo, bɛl (belle) bel (devant un nom masculin commençant par une voyelle ou un h muet) beaux mpl1. adj1) [maison, spectacle] lovely, beautiful, [vacances] lovelyune belle journée — a beautiful day, a lovely day
C'est une belle femme. — She is a beautiful woman.
C'est un beau garçon. — He is a good-looking boy.
3) (temps) fine, nicesi le temps est beau — if the weather's fine, if the weather's nice
il fait beau; il fait beau temps — the weather's fine
Il fait beau aujourd'hui. — It's a nice day today.
4) (sentiment) fine, (acte) goodun beau geste fig — a fine gesture
un beau salaire — a very nice salary, a very good salary
un beau jour — one day, one fine day
un beau matin — one morning, one fine morning
avoir beau jeu de; Il a beau jeu de protester. — It's easy for him to protest.
bel et bien — well and truly, (= vraiment) really, really and truly
avoir beau faire qch; J'ai beau essayer, je n'y arrive pas. — No matter how hard I try, I just can't do it., However hard I try, I just can't do it.
pour les beaux yeux de qn lit — for love of sb, for sb's sake
Cette chanteuse d'à peine vingt ans semble promise à un bel avenir. — This singer, barely twenty years old, appears to have a fine future ahead of her.
2. nf1) SPORT (= rencontre décisive) decider2) (= évasion)3. belles nfplen entendre de belles sur qn/qch — to hear a thing or two about sb/sth
en faire de belles — to do stupid things, to do some stupid things
en dire de belles — to say stupid things, to say some stupid things
4. nm1) (= concept)le plus beau c'est que... — the best of it is that...
c'est du beau! — lovely! ironique
faire le beau [chien] — to sit up and beg
* * *A adj1 ( esthétiquement) [enfant, femme, visage, yeux, cheveux] beautiful; [homme, garçon] handsome; [jambes] nice; [corps, silhouette, dents] good; [couleur, son, musique, maison, jardin, objet] beautiful; tu es belle ( extraordinairement) you're beautiful; ( normalement) you look lovely; c'est une belle fille she's very nice-looking; c'est une belle femme she's a beautiful woman; avoir belle allure [personne] to cut a fine figure; [maison, voiture] to be fine-looking; se faire beau to do oneself up; faire beau qn to smarten sb up; ce n'est pas (bien) beau à voir○! it's not a pretty sight!; peindre qch sous de belles couleurs to make sth sound wonderful; ⇒ fille;2 ( qualitativement) [vêtements, machine, performance, match, spectacle] good; [œuvre, collection, bijou, spécimen] fine; [travail, poste, cadeau, anniversaire] nice; [temps, jour] fine, nice; [journée, promenade, rêve] lovely; [promesse, débat, discours, projet] fine; [effort, victoire, exemple, manière] nice; [geste, sentiment, âme] noble; [pensée] beautiful; [carrière] successful; [succès, avenir, optimisme] great; fais de beaux rêves! sweet dreams!; il fait beau the weather is fine; il n'est pas beau de faire it's not nice to do; un beau jour/matin/soir one fine day/morning/evening; au beau milieu de right in the middle of; rien n'est trop beau pour lui/eux nothing is too good for him/them; c'est bien beau tout ça, mais○ that's all very fine, but; trop beau pour être vrai too good to be true; ça serait trop beau○! one should be so lucky○!; ce ne sont que de belles paroles it's all talk; assez de belles paroles, dites ce que vous avez à dire enough of your fine words, say what you have to say; il y a beau temps qu'il n'est pas venu he hasn't been here for ages; ⇒ démener, pluie;3 ( quantitativement) [somme, héritage] tidy; [salaire] very nice; [appétit] big; belle pagaille absolute mess; beau mensonge whopping lie, whopper○; bel égoïste awful egoist; beau salaud◑ real bastard◑.B nm1 ( choses intéressantes) qu'est-ce que tu as fait de beau? done anything interesting?; tu n'as rien de beau à nous raconter? anything interesting to tell us?; le plus beau (de l'histoire) est que the best part (of the story) is that;3 ( bonne qualité) best quality; n'acheter que du beau to buy only the best quality;5 Météo le temps est/se met au beau the weather is/is turning fine.C avoir beau loc verbale j'ai beau essayer/travailler, je n'y arrive pas it's no good my trying/working, I can't do it; l'économie a beau se développer, le chômage progresse even if the economy does develop, unemployment is still growing; on a beau dire, ce n'est pas si simple no matter what people say, it's not that easy.D bel et bien loc adv1 ( irréversiblement) well and truly; bel et bien fini well and truly over;2 ( indiscutablement) definitely; il était bel et bien coupable he was definitely guilty.E belle nf2 ( maîtresse) lady friend; avoir rendez-vous avec sa belle to have a date with one's lady friend;3 Jeux decider; faire la belle to play the decider.F de plus belle loc adv with renewed vigourGB; les hostilités ont repris de plus belle hostilities resumed with renewed vigourGB; la pluie a repris de plus belle it started raining again harder than ever; frapper de plus belle to hit harder than ever; crier de plus belle to shout louder than ever.G belles○ nfpl ( paroles) stories; j'en ai appris or entendu de belles à ton sujet I have been hearing stories about you; on en raconte de belles sur elle there are quite a few stories about her.beau fixe Météo fine weather; être au beau fixe [temps, baromètre] to be set fair; [[affaire, relation] to be going well; avoir le moral au beau fixe○ to be on a high○; beau gosse○ good-looking guy○; être beau gosse to be good-looking; beau linge○ high society; fréquenter le beau linge to hang out○ with society types; beau parleur smooth talker; beau parti ( homme) eligible bachelor; ( femme) good match; épouser un beau parti to marry money; beau sexe fair sex; beaux jours ( beau temps) fine weather ¢; ( belle époque) good days; les beaux jours sont arrivés the fine weather is here; c'étaient les beaux jours those were the days; Beau Danube bleu Mus Blue Danube; bel esprit bel esprit; la Belle au Bois dormant Sleeping Beauty; Belle Époque Belle Époque; style Belle Époque Belle Époque style; belle page Imprim right-hand page; belle plante○ gorgeous specimen○; belle vie life of ease; c'est la belle vie! this is the life!; avoir la belle vie to live it up; belles années happy years.faire le beau [chien] to sit up and beg; [personne] to show off; (se) faire la belle○ ( s'évader) to do a bunk○ GB, to take a powder○ US; l'avoir belle○ to have an easy life; en faire voir de belles○ à qn to give sb a hard time; c'est du beau○! iron lovely! iron; tout beau (tout beau)! ( pour calmer) easy (, easy)!; il ferait beau voir○ (qu'il vienne) I'd like to see the day (when he shows up)○.[bo] (devant nom masculin commençant par voyelle ou 'h' muet bel [bɛl]) ( féminin belle [bɛl], pluriel masculin beaux [bo], pluriel féminin belles [bɛl]) adjectifA.1. [bien fait, joli - femme] beautiful, good-looking ; [ - homme] good-looking, handsome ; [ - enfant, physique, objet, décor] beautiful, lovelyse faire beau/belle to get dressed up, to do oneself upil est beau comme l'amour ou un ange ou un astre ou le joura. [homme] he's a very handsome ou good-looking manb. [petit garçon] he's a very handsome ou good-looking boyelle est belle comme un ange ou le jour she's a real beautyil y a eu quelques beaux échanges there were a few good ou fine ralliesdu beau temps nice ou good weatherB.[convenable] nicece n'est pas beau de mentir! it's very naughty ou it's not nice to lie!3. [d'un haut niveau social] smarta. [argent] to marry into money ou a fortuneb. [classe] to marry into a very good familyC.donnez-moi un beau melon/poulet give me a nice big melon/chickenil a un bel appétit he has a good ou hearty appetite2. [en intensif]il y a beau temps: il y a beau temps de ce que je te dis là (familier) what I'm telling you now happened ages ago3. [agréable] good4. [prospère] gooda. [argent] to have a very well-paid jobb. [prestige] to have a high-flying job5. [dans des appellations]venez, ma belle amie do come along, darlingmon beau monsieur, personne ne vous a rien demandé! my friend, this is none of your business!6. [certain]un beau jour/matin one fine day/morningD. (ironique)belle demande! [saugrenue] what a question!beaux discours: ils ont oublié tous leurs beaux discours they've forgotten all their fine ou fine-sounding wordsgarde tes belles promesses ou tes beaux serments! you can keep your promises!j'en ai appris ou entendu de belles sur toi! I heard some fine ou right things about you!il en a fait de belles quand il était petit! he didn't half get up to some mischief when he was little!c'est bien beau tout ça, mais... that's all very fine ou well, but...le plus beau (familier) : et tu ne sais pas le plus beau! and you haven't heard the best part (yet)!, and the best part's still to come!beau adverbe1. MÉTÉOROLOGIEil fait beau the weather's ou it's fineil n'a pas fait très beau l'été dernier the weather wasn't very nice ou good last summer2. (locution)il ferait beau voir qu'elle me donne des ordres! her, boss me around? that'll be the day!avoir beau faire (quelque chose): j'avais beau tirer, la porte ne s'ouvrait pas however hard I pulled, the door wouldn't openj'ai eu beau le lui répéter plusieurs fois, il n'a toujours pas compris I have told him and told him but he still hasn't understoodon a beau dire, on a beau faire, les jeunes s'en vont un jour de la maison (familier) whatever you do or say, young people eventually leave homevous avez beau dire, elle a quand même tout financé elle-même say what you like ou you may criticize, but she's paid for it all herselfa beau mentir qui vient de loin (proverbe) it's easy to lie when there's nobody around to contradict youtout beau: alors, vous signez? — hé, tout beau (tout beau)! you will sign then? — hey, steady on ou not so fast!beau nom masculin1. [esthétique][objets de qualité]pour les meubles du salon, je veux du beau I want really good ou nice furniture for the living room3. (locution)c'est du beau! (familier) : elle a dit un gros mot — c'est du beau! she said a rude word! — how naughty!faire le beau [chien] to sit up and begbelle nom féminin1. [jolie femme] beauty[dame] lady‘la Belle et la Bête’ Madame Leprince de Beaumont, Cocteau ‘Beauty and the Beast’2. (familier) [en appellatif]tu te trompes, ma belle! you're quite wrong my dear!5. (familier & locution)————————au plus beau de locution prépositionnellebel et bien locution adverbialebel et bon locution adjectivale,bel et bonne locution adjectivale————————de plus belle locution adverbialebelle de Fontenay nom féminin————————belle page nom féminin -
78 risquer
risquer [ʀiske]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verba. [+ fortune, réputation, vie] to riskb. [+ ennuis, prison, renvoi] to risk• qu'est-ce qu'on risque ? ( = quels sont les risques ?) what do we risk? ; ( = c'est sans danger) what have we got to lose?• bien emballé, ce vase ne risque rien packed like this the vase will be quite safec. ( = tenter) to risk ; [+ allusion, regard] to venture• risquons le coup let's chance it (PROV) qui ne risque rien n'a rien(PROV) nothing ventured, nothing gained• ça ne risque pas (d'arriver) ! there's no chance of that (happening)!2. reflexive verb• à ta place, je ne m'y risquerais pas if I were you, I wouldn't risk it* * *ʀiske
1.
1) ( être passible de) to face [condamnation]2) ( s'exposer à) to risk [mort, critique]vas-y, tu ne risques rien — lit go ahead, you're safe; fig go ahead, you've got nothing to lose
qu'est-ce qu'on risque? — lit what are the risks?; fig what have we got to lose?
3) ( mettre en danger) to risk [vie, réputation, emploi]risquer sa peau — (colloq) to risk one's neck (colloq)
4) ( oser) to venture [regard, allusion, question]; to risk [geste]; to attempt [démarche, opération]risquer le coup — (colloq) to risk it, to chance it
2.
risquer de verbe transitif indirect1) ( pouvoir)2) ( prendre le risque)
3.
se risquer verbe pronominal1) ( s'aventurer) to venture ( à faire to do)2) ( oser)
4.
verbe impersonnel••qui ne risque rien n'a rien — nothing ventured, nothing gained
risquer le tout pour le tout — to stake ou risk one's all
* * *ʀiske vt1) (= s'exposer à) to riskTu risques qu'on te renvoie. — You risk being dismissed.
risquer de; Il risque de se tuer. — He could get himself killed., He risks getting himself killed.
Il a risqué de se tuer. — He almost got himself killed.
2) (= tenter)3) (= être susceptible de)ce qui risque de se produire — what might happen, what could well happen
4) (= hasarder) [allusion, question] to venture, to hazard* * *risquer verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( être passible de) to face [accusation, condamnation]; risquer une amende/vingt ans de prison/la peine de mort to face a fine/twenty years in prison/the death penalty; risquer des poursuites to face criminal charges; risquer gros to face a heavy sentence;2 ( s'exposer à) to risk [mort, critique]; risquer des ennuis to risk trouble; vas-y, tu ne risques rien go ahead, you're safe; fig go ahead, you've got nothing to lose; qu'est-ce qu'on risque? lit what are the risks?; fig what have we got to lose?; risquer gros to take a major risk; tu risques qu'on t'abîme ta voiture you run the risk of having your car damaged;3 ( mettre en danger) to risk [vie, réputation, fortune, emploi]; risquer sa peau○ to risk one's neck○;4 ( oser) to venture [regard, allusion, question]; to risk [geste]; to attempt [démarche, opération]; risquer un œil to venture a glance; risquer un pied dans l'obscurité to take a tentative step into the dark; risquer le coup○ to risk it, to chance it.B risquer de vtr ind1 ( pouvoir) tu risques de te brûler you might burn yourself; je/elle ne risque pas de faire there's no danger of my/her doing; elle risque fort d'être déçue she may well be disappointed; les taux d'intérêt ne risquent pas de baisser there's no chance of interest rates falling; ça ne risque pas de m'arriver! there's no chance of that happening to me!; ça ne risque pas○! not a chance○!;2 ( prendre le risque) risquer de faire to risk doing; il ne veut pas risquer de perdre son travail he doesn't want to risk losing his job.C se risquer vpr1 ( s'aventurer) to venture; se risquer sur le marché français/sur le balcon to venture into the French market/on to the balcony; se risquer à faire to venture to do; se risquer à sortir to venture out; se risquer à faire du ski to have a go at skiing; je ne m'y risquerais pas! I wouldn't risk it;2 ( oser) se risquer à dire to dare to say; je ne me risquerais pas à le contredire I wouldn't dare to contradict him.D v impers il risque de neiger/pleuvoir it might snow/rain; il risque d'y avoir du monde there may well be a lot of people there.qui ne risque rien n'a rien nothing ventured, nothing gained; risquer le tout pour le tout to stake ou risk one's all.[riske] verbe transitif1. [engager - fortune, crédibilité] to riskon risque le coup ou la partie? shall we have a shot at it?, shall we chance it?2. [s'exposer à] to riskelle risque la mort/la paralysie she runs the risk of dying/of being left paralysedtu peux laisser ça dehors, ça ne risque rien you can leave it outside, it'll be safe3. [oser] to venturerisquerai-je la question? shall I be bold enough to put ou shall I risk putting the question?————————risquer de verbe plus prépositionne m'attends pas, je risque d'être en retard don't wait for me, I'm likely to be late ou the chances are I'll be late————————se risquer verbe pronominal intransitifse risquer à faire quelque chose to venture ou to dare to do something -
79 Á
* * *a negative suffix to verbs, not;era útmakligt, at it is not unmeet that.* * *1.á, prep., often used elliptically, or even adverbially, [Goth. ana; Engl. on; Germ. an. In the Scandinavian idioms the liquid n is absorbed. In English the same has been supposed to happen in adverbial phrases, e. g. ‘along, away, abroad, afoot, again, agate, ahead, aloft, alone, askew, aside, astray, awry,’ etc. It is indeed true that the Ormulum in its northern dialect freq. uses o, even in common phrases, such as ‘o boke, o land, o life, o slæpe, o strande, o write, o naht, o loft,’ etc., v. the glossary; and we may compare on foot and afoot, on sleep (Engl. Vers. of Bible) and asleep; A. S. a-butan and on-butan (about); agen and ongean (again, against); on bæc, aback; on life, alive; on middan, amid. But it is more than likely that in the expressions quoted above, as well as in numberless others, as well in old as in modern English, the English a- as well as the o- of the Ormulum and the modern Scottish and north of England o- are in reality remains of this very á pronounced au or ow, which was brought by the Scandinavian settlers into the north of England. In the struggle for supremacy between the English dialects after the Conquest, the Scandinavian form á or a won the day in many cases to the exclusion of the Anglo-Saxon on. Some of these adverbs have representatives only in the Scandinavian tongues, not in Anglo-Saxon; see below, with dat. B. II, C. VII; with acc. C. I. and VI. The prep. á denotes the surface or outside; í and ór the inside; at, til, and frá, nearness measured to or from an object: á thus answers to the Gr. επί; the Lat. in includes á and i together.]With dat. and acc.: in the first case with the notion of remaining on a place, answering to Lat. in with abl.; in the last with the notion of motion to the place, = Lat. in with acc.WITH DAT.A. Loc.I. generally on, upon; á gólfi, on the floor, Nj. 2; á hendi, on the hand (of a ring), 48, 225; á palli, 50; á steini, 108; á vegg, 115; á sjá ok á landi, on sea and land. In some instances the distinction between d and i is loose and wavering, but in most cases common sense and usage decide; thus ‘á bók’ merely denotes the letters, the penmanship, ‘í’ the contents of a book; mod. usage, however, prefers ‘í,’ lesa í bók, but stafr á bók. Old writers on the other hand; á bókum Enskum, in English books, Landn. 24, but í Aldafars bók, 23 (in the book De Mensurâ Temporum, by Bede), cp. Grág. i. 76, where á is a false reading instead of at; á bréfi, the contents of a letter: of clothing or arms, mítr á höfði, sverð á hlið, mitre on head, sword on side, Fms. i. 266, viii. 404; hafa lykil á sér, on one’s person, 655 xxvii. 22; möttull á tyglum, a mantle hanging on (i. e. fastened by) laces, Fms. vii. 201: á þingi means to be present at a meeting; í þingi, to abide within a jurisdiction; á himni, á jörðu, on (Engl. in) heaven and earth, e. g. in the Lord’s Prayer, but í helviti, in hell; á Gimli, Edda (of a heavenly abode); á báti, á skipi denote crew and cargo, ‘í’ the timber or materials of which a ship is built, Eg. 385; vera í stafni á skipi, 177: á skógi, to be abroad in a wood (of a hunter, robber, deer); but to be situated (a house), at work (to fell timber), í skógi, 573, Fs. 5, Fms. iii. 122, viii. 31, xi. 1, Glúm. 330, Landn. 173; á mörkinni, Fms. i. 8, but í mörk, of a farm; á firðinum means lying in a firth, of ships or islands (on the surface of the water), þær eyjar liggja á Breiðafirði, Ld. 36; but í firði, living in a district named Firth; á landi, Nj. 98, Fms. xi. 386.II. á is commonly used in connection with the pr. names or countries terminating in ‘land,’ Engl. in, á Englandi, Írlandi, Skotlandi, Bretlandi, Saxlandi, Vindlandi, Vínlandi, Grænalandi, Íslandi, Hálogalandi, Rogalandi, Jótlandi, Frakklandi, Hjaltlandi, Jamtalandi, Hvítramannalandi, Norðrlöndum, etc., vide Landn. and the index to Fms. xii. In old writers í is here very rare, in modern authors more frequent; taste and the context in many instances decide. An Icelander would now say, speaking of the queen or king, ‘á Englandi,’ ruling over, but to live ‘í Englandi,’ or ‘á Englandi;’ the rule in the last case not being quite fixed.2. in connection with other names of countries: á Mæri, Vörs, Ögðum, Fjölum, all districts of Norway, v. Landn.; á Mýrum (in Icel.), á Finnmörk, Landn., á Fjóni (a Danish island); but í Danmörk, Svíþjóð (á Svíþjóðu is poët., Gs. 13).3. before Icel. farms denoting open and elevated slopes and spaces (not too high, because then ‘at’ must be used), such as ‘staðr, völlr, ból, hjalli, bakki, heimr, eyri,’ etc.; á Veggjum, Landn. 69; á Hólmlátri, id.: those ending in ‘-staðr,’ á Geirmundarstöðum, Þórisstöðum, Jarðlangsstöðum…, Landn.: ‘-völlr,’ á Möðruvöllum: á Fitjum (the farm) í Storð (the island), í Fenhring (the island) á Aski (the farm), Landn., Eg.: ‘-nes’ sometimes takes á, sometimes í (in mod. usage always ‘í’), á Nesi, Eb. 14, or í Krossnesi, 30; in the last case the notion of island, νησος, prevails: so also, ‘fjörðr,’ as, þeir börðust á Vigrafirði (of a fight o n the ice), Landn. 101, but orusta í Hafrsfirði, 122: with ‘-bær,’ á is used in the sense of a farm or estate, hón sa á e-m bæ mikit hús ok fagrt, Edda 22; ‘í bæ’ means within doors, of the buildings: with ‘Bær’ as pr. name Landn. uses ‘í,’ 71, 160, 257, 309, 332.4. denoting on or just above; of the sun, when the time is fixed by regarding the sun in connection with points in the horizon, a standing phrase in Icel.; sól á gjáhamri, when the sun is on the crag of the Rift, Grág. i. 26, cp. Glúm. 387; so, brú á á, a bridge on a river, Fms. viii. 179, Hrafn. 20; taka hús á e-m, to surprise one, to take the house over his head, Fms. i. 11.III. á is sometimes used in old writers where we should now expect an acc., esp. in the phrase, leggja sverði (or the like) á e-m, or á e-m miðjum, to stab, Eg. 216, Gísl. 106, Band. 14; þá stakk Starkaðr sprotanum á konungi, then Starkad stabbed the king with the wand, Fas. iii. 34; bíta á kampi (vör), to bite the lips, as a token of pain or emotion, Nj. 209, 68; taka á e-u, to touch a thing, lay hold of it, v. taka; fá á e-u, id. (poët.); leggja hendr á (better at) síðum, in wrestling, Fms. x. 331; koma á úvart á e-m, to come on one unawares, ix. 407 (rare).B. TEMP. of a particular point or period of time, at, on, in:I. gener. denoting during, in the course of; á nótt, degi, nætrþeli …, Bs. i. 139; or spec. adding a pron. or an adject., á næsta sumri, the next summer; á því ári, þingi, misseri, hausti, vári, sumri …, during, in that year …, Bs. i. 679, etc.; á þrem sumrum, in the course of three summers, Grág. i. 218; á þrem várum, Fms. ii. 114; á hálfs mánaðar fresti, within half a month’s delay, Nj. 99; á tvítugs, sextugs … aldri, á barns, gamals aldri, etc., at the age of …, v. aldr: á dögum e-s, in the days of, in his reign or time, Landn. 24, Hrafn. 3, Fms. ix. 229.II. used of a fixed recurrent period or season; á várum, sumrum, haustum, vetrum, á kveldum, every spring, summer …, in the evenings, Eg. 711, Fms. i. 23, 25, vi. 394, Landn. 292: with the numeral adverbs, cp. Lat. ter in anno, um sinn á mánuði, ári, once a month, once a year, where the Engl. a is not the article but the preposition, Grág. i. 89.III. of duration; á degi, during a whole day, Fms. v. 48; á sjau nóttum, Bárð. 166; á því meli, during that time, in the meantime, Grág. i. 259.IV. connected with the seasons (á vetri, sumri, vári, hausti), ‘á’ denotes the next preceding season, the last winter, summer, autumn, Eb. 40, 238, Ld. 206: in such instances ‘á’ denotes the past, ‘at’ the future, ‘í’ the present; thus í vetri in old writers means this winter; á vetri, last winter; at vetri, next winter, Eb. 68 (in a verse), etc.C. In various other relations, more or less metaphorically, on, upon, in, to, with, towards, against:I. denoting object, in respect of, against, almost periphrastically; dvelja á náðum e-s, under one’s protection, Fms. i. 74; hafa metnað á e-u, to be proud of, to take pride in a thing, 127.2. denoting a personal relation, in; bæta e-t á e-m, to make amends, i. e. to one personally; misgöra e-t á e-m, to inflict wrong on one; hafa elsku (hatr) á e-m, to bear love ( hatred) to one, Fms. ix. 242; hefna sín á e-m, to take revenge on one’s person, on anyone; rjúfa sætt á e-m, to break truce on the person of any one, to offend against his person, Nj. 103; hafa sár á sér, 101; sjá á e-m, to read on or in one’s face; sér hann á hverjum manni hvárt til þín er vel eðr illa, 106; var þat brátt auðséð á hennar högum, at …, it could soon be seen in all her doings, that …, Ld. 22.3. also generally to shew signs of a thing; sýna fáleika á sér, to shew marks of displeasure, Nj. 14, Fs. 14; taka vel, illa, lítt, á e-u, to take a thing well, ill, or indifferently, id.; finna á sér, to feel in oneself; fann lítt á honum, hvárt …, it could hardly be seen in his face, whether …, Eb. 42; líkindi eru á, it is likely, Ld. 172; göra kost á e-u, to give a choice, chance of it, 178; eiga vald á e-u, to have power over …, Nj. 10.II. denoting encumbrance, duty, liability; er fimtardómsmál á þeim, to be subject to …, Nj. 231; the phrase, hafa e-t á hendi, or vera á hendi e-m, on one’s hands, of work or duty to be done; eindagi á fé, term, pay day, Grág. i. 140; ómagi (skylda, afvinna) á fé, of a burden or encumbrance, D. I. and Grág. in several passages.III. with a personal pronoun, sér, mér, honum …, denoting personal appearance, temper, character, look, or the like; vera þungr, léttr … á sér, to be heavy or light, either bodily or mentally; þungr á sér, corpulent, Sturl. i. 112; kátr ok léttr á sér, of a gay and light temper, Fms. x. 152; þat bragð hafði hann á sér, he looked as if, … the expression of his face was as though …, Ld., cp. the mod. phrase, hafa á sér svip, bragð, æði, sið, of one’s manner or personal appearance, to bear oneself as, or the like; skjótr (seinn) á fæti, speedy ( slow) of foot, Nj. 258.IV. as a periphrasis of the possessive pronoun connected with the limbs or parts of the body. In common Icel. such phrases as my hands, eyes, head … are hardly ever used, but höfuð, eyru, hár, nef, munnr, hendr, fætr … á mér; so ‘í’ is used of the internal parts, e. g. hjarta, bein … í mér; the eyes are regarded as inside the body, augun í honum: also without the possessive pronoun, or as a periphrasis for a genitive, brjóstið á e-m, one’s breast, Nj. 95, Edda 15; súrnar í augum, it smarts in my eyes, my eyes smart, Nj. 202; kviðinn á sér, its belly, 655 xxx. 5, Fms. vi. 350; hendr á henni, her hands, Gísl. (in a verse); í vörunum á honum, on his lips, Band. 14; ristin á honum, his step, Fms. viii. 141; harðr í tungu, sharp of tongue, Hallfred (Fs. 114); kalt (heitt) á fingrum, höndum, fótum …, cold ( warm) in the fingers, hands, feet …, i. e. with cold fingers, etc.; cp. also the phrase, verða vísa (orð) á munni, of extemporising verses or speeches, freq. in the Sagas; fastr á fótum, fast by the leg, of a bondsman, Nj. 27: of the whole body, díla fundu þeir á honum, 209. The pers. pron. is used only in solemn style (poetry, hymns, the Bible), and perhaps only when influenced by foreign languages, e. g. mitt hjarta hví svo hryggist þú, as a translation of ‘warumb betrübst du dich mein Herz?’ the famous hymn by Hans Sachs; instead of the popular hjartað í mér, Sl. 43, 44: hjartað mitt is only used as a term of endearment, as by a husband to his wife, parents to their child, or the like, in a metaphorical sense; the heart proper is ‘í mér,’ not ‘mitt.’2. of other things, and as a periphrasis of a genitive, of a part belonging to the whole, e. g. dyrr á husi = húsdyrr, at the house-doors; turn á kirkju = kirkju turn; stafn, skutr, segl, árar … á skipi, the stem, stern, sail … of a ship, Fms. ix. 135; blöð á lauk, á tré …, leaves of a leek, of a tree …, Fas. i. 469; egg á sverði = sverðs egg; stafr á bók; kjölr á bók, and in endless other instances.V. denoting instrumentality, by, on, or a-, by means of; afla fjár á hólmgöngum, to make money a-duelling, by means of duels, Eg. 498; á verkum sínum, to subsist on one’s own work, Njarð. 366: as a law term, sekjast á e-ju, to be convicted upon …, Grág. i. 123; sekst maðr þar á sínu eigini ( a man is guilty in re sua), ef hann tekr af þeim manni er heimild ( possessio) hefir til, ii. 191; falla á verkum sínum, to be killed flagranti delicto, v. above; fella e-n á bragði, by a sleight in wrestling; komast undan á flótta, to escape by flight, Eg. 11; á hlaupi, by one’s feet, by speed, Hkr. ii. 168; lifa á e-u, to feed on; bergja á e-u, to taste of a thing; svala sér á e-u, to quench the thirst on.VI. with subst. numerals; á þriðja tigi manna, up to thirty, i. e. from about twenty to thirty, Ld. 194; á öðru hundraði skipa, from one to two hundred sail strong, Fms. x. 126; á níunda tigi, between eighty and ninety years of age, Eg. 764, v. above: used as prep., á hendi, on one’s hand, i. e. bound to do it, v. hönd.VII. in more or less adverbial phrases it may often be translated in Engl. by a participle and a- prefixed; á lopti, aloft; á floti, afloat; á lífi, alive; á verðgangi, a-begging; á brautu, away; á baki, a-back, behind, past; á milli, a-tween; á laun, alone, secretly; á launungu, id.; á móti, against; á enda, at an end, gone; á huldu, hidden; fara á hæli, to go a-heel, i. e. backwards, Fms. vii. 70;—but in many cases these phrases are transl. by the Engl. partic. with a, which is then perh. a mere prefix, not a prep., á flugi, a-flying in the air, Nj. 79; vera á gangi, a-going; á ferli, to be about; á leiki, a-playing, Fms. i. 78; á sundi, a-swimming, ii. 27; á verði, a-watching, x. 201; á hrakningi, a-wandering; á reiki, a-wavering; á skjálfi, a-shivering; á-hleri, a-listening; á tali, a-talking, Ísl. ii. 200; á hlaupi, a-running, Hkr. ii. 268; á verki, a-working; á veiðum, a-hunting; á fiski, a-fishing; á beit, grazing: and as a law term it even means in flagranti, N. G. L. i. 348.VIII. used absolutely without a case in reference to the air or the weather, where ‘á’ is almost redundant; þoka var á mikil, a thick fog came on, Nj. 267; niðamyrkr var á, pitch darkness came on, Eg. 210; allhvast á norðan, a very strong breeze from the north, Fms. ix. 20; þá var á norðrænt, a north wind came on, 42, Ld. 56; hvaðan sem á er, from whatever point the wind is; var á hríð veðrs, a snow storm came on, Nj. 282; görði á regn, rain came on, Fms. vi. 394, xi. 35, Ld. 156.WITH ACC.A. Loc.I. denoting simple direction towards, esp. connected with verbs of motion, going, or the like; hann gékk á bergsnös, Eg. 389; á hamar, Fas. ii. 517.2. in phrases denoting direction; liggja á útborða, lying on the outside of the ship, Eg. 354; á annat borð skipinu, Fms. vii. 260; á bæði borð, on both sides of the ship, Nj. 124, Ld. 56; á tvær hliðar, on both sides, Fms. v. 73. Ísl. ii. 159; á hlið, sidewards; út á hlið, Nj. 262, Edda 44; á aðra hönd henni, Nj. 50, Ld. 46; höggva á tvær hendr, to hew or strike right and left, Ísl. ii. 368, Fas. i. 384, Fms. viii. 363, x. 383.3. upp á, upon; hann tók augu Þjaza ok kastaði upp á himin, Edda 47: with verbs denoting to look, see, horfa, sjá, líta, etc.; hann rak skygnur á land, he cast glances towards the land, Ld. 154.II. denoting direction with or without the idea of arriving:1. with verbs denoting to aim at; of a blow or thrust, stefna á fótinn, Nj. 84; spjótið stefnir á hann miðjan, 205: of the wind, gékk veðrit á vestr, the wind veered to west, Fms. ix. 28; sigla á haf, to stand out to sea, Hkr. i. 146, Fms. i. 39: with ‘út’ added, Eg. 390, Fms. x. 349.2. conveying the notion of arriving, or the intervening space being traversed; spjótið kom á miðjan skjöldinn, Eg. 379, Nj. 96, 97; langt upp á land, far up inland, Hkr. i. 146: to reach, taka ofan á belti, of the long locks of a woman, to reach down to the belt, Nj. 2; ofan á bringu, 48; á þa ofan, 91.III. without reference to the space traversed, connected with verbs denoting to go, turn, come, ride, sail, throw, or the like, motion of every kind; hann kastar honum á völlinn, he flings him down, Nj. 91; hlaupa á skip sitt, to leap on board his ship, 43; á hest, to mount quickly, Edda 75; á lend hestinum, Nj. 91; hann gengr á sáðland sitt, he walks on to his fields, 82: on, upon, komast á fætr, to get upon one’s legs, 92; ganga á land, to go a-shore, Fms. i. 40; ganga á þing, vii. 242, Grág. (often); á skóg, á merkr ok skóga, into a wood, Fb. i. 134, 257, Fms. xi. 118, Eg. 577, Nj. 130; fara á Finnmörk, to go travelling in Finmark, Fms. i. 8; koma, fara á bæ, to arrive at the farm-house; koma á veginn, Eg. 578; stíga á bát, skip, to go on board, 158; hann gékk upp á borg, he went up to the burg (castle), 717; en er þeir komu á loptriðið, 236; hrinda skipum á vatn, to float the ships down into the water, Fms. i. 58; reka austr á haf, to drift eastwards on the sea, x. 145; ríða ofan á, to ride down or over, Nj. 82.IV. in some cases the acc. is used where the dat. would be used, esp. with verbs denoting to see or hear, in such phrases as, þeir sá boða mikinn inn á fjörðinn, they saw great breakers away up in the bight of the firth, the acc. being due perhaps to a motion or direction of the eye or ear towards the object, Nj. 124; sá þeir fólkit á land, they saw the people in the direction of land, Fas. ii. 517: in phrases denoting to be placed, to sit, to be seated, the seat or bench is freq. in the acc. where the dat. would now be used; konungr var þar á land upp, the king was then up the country, the spectator or narrator is conceived as looking from the shore or sea-side, Nj. 46; sitja á miðjan bekk, to be seated on the middle bench, 50; skyldi konungs sæti vera á þann bekk … annat öndvegi var á hinn úæðra pall; hann setti konungs hásæti á miðjan þverpall, Fms. vi. 439, 440, cp. Fagrsk. l. c., Sturl. iii. 182; eru víða fjallbygðir upp á mörkina, in the mark or forest, Eg. 58; var þar mörk mikil á land upp, 229; mannsafnaðr er á land upp (viewed from the sea), Ld. 76; stóll var settr á mótið, Fas. i. 58; beiða fars á skip, to beg a passage, Grág. i. 90.V. denoting parts of the body; bíta e-n á barka, to bite one in the throat, Ísl. ii. 447; skera á háls, to cut the throat of any one, Nj. 156; brjóta e-n á háls, to break any one’s neck; brjóta e-n á bak, to break any one’s back, Fms. vii. 119; kalinn á kné, frozen to the knees with cold, Hm. 3.VI. denoting round; láta reipi á háls hesti, round his horse’s neck, 623. 33; leggja söðul á hest, Nj. 83; and ellipt., leggja á, to saddle; breiða feld á hofuð sér, to wrap a cloak over his head, 164; reyta á sik mosa, to gather moss to cover oneself with, 267; spenna hring á hönd, á fingr, Eg. 300.VII. denoting a burden; stela mat á tvá hesta, hey á fimtán hesta, i. e. a two, a fifteen horse load, Nj. 74: metaph., kjósa feigð á menn, to choose death upon them, i. e. doom them to death, Edda 22.B. TEMP.I. of a period of time, at, to; á morgun, to-morrow (í morgun now means the past morning, the morning of to-day), Ísl. ii. 333.II. if connected with the word day, ‘á’ is now used before a fixed or marked day, a day of the week, a feast day, or the like; á Laugardag, á Sunnudag …, on Saturday, Sunday, the Old Engl. a-Sunday, a-Monday, etc.; á Jóladaginn, Páskadaginn, on Yule and Easter-day; but in old writers more often used ellipt. Sunnudaginn, Jóladaginn …, by dropping the prep. ‘á,’ Fms. viii. 397, Grág. i. 18.III. connected with ‘dagr’ with the definite article suffixed, ‘á’ denotes a fixed, recurring period or season, in; á daginn, during the day-time, every day in turn, Grett. 91 A.IV. connected with ‘evening, morning, the seasons,’ with the article; á kveldit, every evening, Ld. 14; á sumarit, every summer, Vd. 128, where the new Ed. Fs. 51 reads sumrum; á haust, every autumn, Eg. 741 (perh. a misprint instead of á haustin or á haustum); á vetrinn, in the winter time, 710; á várit, every spring, Gþl. 347; the sing., however, is very rare in such cases, the old as well as mod. usage prefers the plur.; á nætrnar, by night, Nj. 210; á várin, Eg. 710; á sumrin, haustin, á morgnana, in the morning (á morgin, sing., means to-morrow); á kveldin, in the evening, only ‘dagr’ is used in sing., v. above (á daginn, not á dagana); but elliptically and by dropping the article, Icelanders say, kveld og morgna, nótt og dag, vetr sumar vor og haust, in the same sense as those above mentioned.V. denoting duration, the article is dropped in the negative phrase, aldri á sinn dag, never during one’s life; aldri á mína daga, never in my life, Bjarn. 8, where a possess. pron. is put between noun and prep., but this phrase is very rare. Such phrases as, á þann dag, that day, and á þenna dag, Stj. 12, 655 xxx. 2. 20, are unclassical.VI. á dag without article can only be used in a distributive sense, e. g. tvisvar á dag, twice a-day; this use is at present freq. in Icel., yet instances from old writers are not on record.VII. denoting a movement onward in time, such as, liðið á nótt, dag, kveld, morgun, sumar, vetr, vár, haust (or nóttina, daginn …), jól, páska, föstu, or the like, far on in the night, day …, Edda 33; er á leið vetrinn, when the winter was well on, as the winter wore on, Nj. 126; cp. áliðinn: also in the phrase, hniginn á inn efra aldr, well stricken in years, Ld. 68.C. Metaph. and in various relations:I. somewhat metaphorically, denoting an act only (not the place); fara á fund, á vit e-s, to call for one, Eg. 140; koma á ræðu við e-n, to come to a parley with, to speak, 173; ganga á tal, Nj. 103; skora á hólm, to challenge to a duel on an island; koma á grið, to enter into a service, to be domiciled, Grág. i. 151; fara á veiðar, to go a-hunting, Fms. i. 8.β. generally denoting on, upon, in, to; bjóða vöxtu á féit, to offer interest on the money, Grág. i. 198; ganga á berhögg, to come to blows, v. berhögg; fá á e-n, to make an impression upon one, Nj. 79; ganga á vápn e-s, to throw oneself on an enemy’s weapon, meet him face to face, Rd. 310; ganga á lagið, to press on up the spear-shaft after it has passed through one so as to get near one’s foe, i. e. to avail oneself of the last chance; bera fé á e-n, to bribe, Nj. 62; bera öl á e-n, to make drunk, Fas. i. 13; snúinn á e-t, inclined to, Fms. x. 142; sammælast á e-t, to agree upon, Nj. 86; sættast, verða sáttr á e-t, in the same sense, to come to an agreement, settlement, or atonement, 78, Edda 15, Eb. 288, Ld. 50, Fms. i. 279; ganga á mála, to serve for pay as a soldier, Nj. 121; ganga á vald e-s, to put oneself in his power, 267; ganga á sætt, to break an agreement; vega á veittar trygðir, to break truce, Grág. ii. 169.II. denoting in regard to, in respect to:1. of colour, complexion, the hue of the hair, or the like; hvítr, jarpr, dökkr … á hár, having white, brown, or dark … hair, Ísl. ii. 190, Nj. 39; svartr á brún ok brá, dark of brow and eyebrow; dökkr á hörund, id., etc.2. denoting skill, dexterity; hagr á tré, a good carpenter; hagr á járn, málm, smíðar …, an expert worker in iron, metals …, Eg. 4; fimr á boga, good at the bow: also used of mastership in science or arts, meistari á hörpuslátt, a master in striking the harp, Fas. iii. 220; fræðimaðr á kvæði, knowing many poems by heart, Fms. vi. 391; fræðimaðr á landnámssögur ok forna fræði, a learned scholar in histories and antiquities (of Are Frode), Ísl. ii. 189; mikill á íþrótt, skilful in an art, Edda (pref.) 148; but dat. in the phrase, kunna (vel) á skíðum, to be a cunning skater, Fms. i. 9, vii. 120.3. denoting dimensions; á hæð, lengd, breidd, dýpt …, in the heighth, length, breadth, depth …, Eg. 277; á hvern veg, on each side, Edda 41 (square miles); á annan veg, on the one side, Grág. i. 89.β. the phrase, á sik, in regard to oneself, vel (illa) á sik kominn, of a fine ( ugly) appearance, Ld. 100, Fas. iii. 74.III. denoting instrumentality; bjargast á sínar hendr, to live on the work of one’s own hands, (á sínar spýtur is a mod. phrase in the same sense); (vega) á skálir, pundara, to weigh in scales, Grág. ii. 370; at hann hefði tvá pundara, ok hefði á hinn meira keypt en á hinn minna selt, of a man using two scales, a big one for buying and a little one for selling, Sturl. i. 91; á sinn kostnað, at one’s own expense; nefna e-n á nafn, by name, Grág. i. 17, etc. The Icel. also say, spinna á rokk, snældu, to spin on or with a rock or distaff; mala á kvern, to grind in a ‘querne,’ where Edda 73 uses dat.; esp. of musical instruments, syngja, leika á hljóðfæri, hörpu, gígju …; in the old usage, leika hörpu …, Stj. 458.IV. denoting the manner or way of doing:1. á þessa lund, in this wise, Grág. ii. 22; á marga vega, á alla, ymsa vega, in many, all, respects, Fms. i. 114; á sitt hóf, in its turn, respectively, Ld. 136, where the context shews that the expression answers to the Lat. mutatis mutandis; á Þýðersku, after German fashion, Sks. 288.2. esp. of language; mæla, rita á e-a tungu, to speak, write in a tongue; á Írsku, in Irish, Ld. 76; Norrænu, in Norse, Eb. 330, Vm. 35; a Danska tungu, in Danish, i. e. Scandinavian, Norse, or Icelandic, Grág. i. 18; á Vára tungu, i. e. in Icelandic, 181; rita á Norræna tungu, to write in Norse, Hkr. (pref.), Bs. i. 59:—at present, dat. is sometimes used.3. in some phrases the acc. is used instead of the dat.; hann sýndi á sik mikit gaman, Fms. x. 329; hann lét ekki á sik finna, he shewed no sign of motion, Nj. 111; skaltú önga fáleika á þik gera (Cod. Kalf.), 14.V. used in a distributive sense; skal mörk kaupa gæzlu á kú, eðr oxa fim vetra gamlan, a mark for every cow, Grág. i. 147; alin á hvert hross, 442; á mann, per man (now freq.): cp. also á dag above, lit. B.VI. connected with nouns,1. prepositional; á hendr (with dat.), against; á hæla, at heel, close behind; á bak, at back, i. e. past, after; á vit (with gen.), towards.2. adverbially; á braut, away, abroad; á víxl, in turns; á mis, amiss; á víð ok dreif, a-wide and a-drift, i. e. dispersedly.3. used almost redundantly before the following prep.; á eptir, after, behind; á undan, in front of; á meðal, á milli, among; á mót, against; á við, about, alike; á frá (cp. Swed. ifrån), from (rare); á fyrir = fyrir, Haustl. 1; á hjá, beside (rare); á fram, a-head, forwards; á samt, together; ávalt = of allt, always: following a prep., upp á, upon; niðr á, down upon; ofan á, eptir á, post eventum, (temp.) á eptir is loc., id., etc.VII. connected with many transitive verbs, answering to the Lat. ad- or in-, in composition, in many cases periphrastically for an objective case. The prep. generally follows after the verb, instead of being prefixed to it as in Lat., and answers to the Engl. on, to; heita kalla, hrópa á, to call on; heyra, hlusta, hlyða á, to hearken to, listen to; hyggja, hugsa á, to think on; minna á, to remind; sjá, líta, horfa, stara, mæna, glápa, koma auga … á, to look on; girnast á, to wish for; trúa á, to believe on; skora á, to call on any one to come out, challenge; kæra á, to accuse; heilsa á, to greet; herja, ganga, ríða, hlaupa, ráða … á, to fall on, attack, cp. ágangr, áreið, áhlaup; ljúga á, to tell lies of, to slander; telja á, to carp at; ausa, tala, hella, kasta, verpa … á, to pour, throw on; ríða, bera, dreifa á, to sprinkle on; vanta, skorta á, to fall short of; ala á, to plead, beg; leggja á, to throw a spell on, lay a saddle on; hætta á, to venture on; gizka á, to guess at; kveða á, to fix on, etc.: in a reciprocal sense, haldast á, of mutual strife; sendast á, to exchange presents; skrifast á, to correspond (mod.); kallast á, to shout mutually; standast á, to coincide, so as to be just opposite one another, etc.2.f. [Lat. aqua; Goth. ahva; Hel. aha; A. S. eâ; O. H. G. aha, owa; cp. Germ. ach and aue; Fr. eau, eaux; Engl. Ax-, Ex-, etc., in names of places; Swed.-Dan. å; the Scandinavians absorb the hu, so that only a single vowel or diphthong remains of the whole word]:—a river. The old form in nom. dat. acc. sing. is , v. the introduction to A, page 1, Bs. i. 333 sq., where ́n, ́ (acc.), and ́na; so also Greg. 677; the old fragm. of Grág. ii. 222, 223, new Ed. In the Kb. of the Edda the old form occurs twice, viz. page 75, ́na (acc.), (but two lines below, ána), í ́nni (dat.) The old form also repeatedly occurs in the Kb. and Sb. of the Grág., e. g. ii. 266, 267: gen. sing. ár; nom. pl. ár, gen. á contracted, dat. ám, obsolete form ́m; Edda 43, Eg. 80, 99, 133, 185: proverbs, at ósi skal á stemma, answering to the Lat. principiis obsta, Edda 60; hér kemr á til sæfar, here the river runs into the sea, metaph. = this is the very end, seems to have been a favourite ending of old poems; it is recorded in the Húsdrápa and the Norðsetadrápa, v. Edda 96, Skálda 198; cp. the common saying, oil vötn renna til sævar, ‘all waters run into the sea.’ Rivers with glacier water are in Icel. called Hvítá, White river, or Jökulsá: Hitá, Hot river, from a hot spring, opp. to Kaldá, v. Landn.: others take a name from the fish in them, as Laxá, Lax or Salmon river (freq.); Örriða á, etc.: a tributary river is þverá, etc.: ár in the Njála often means the great rivers Ölfusá and Þjórsá in the south of Iceland. Áin helga, a river in Sweden, Hkr. ii: á is also suffixed to the names of foreign rivers, Tempsá = Thames; Dóná, Danube (Germ. Don-au), (mod.), etc. Vide Edda (Gl.) 116, 117, containing the names of over a hundred North-English and Scottish rivers.COMPDS: áráll, árbakki, árbrot, ardjúp, árfarvegr, árfors, árgljúfr, árhlutr, ármegin, árminni, ármót, áróss, árreki, árstraumr, árströnd, árvað, árvegr, árvöxtr. -
80 З-54
БРАТЬ/ВЗЯТЬ НА ЗАМЁТКУ VP1. - что (subj: human to write sth. down in order not to forget itX взял Y на заметку - X made a note of YX took Y down."А ну-ка, возьми себе на заметку: двадцать пятого октября на бюро райкома» (Абрамов 1). "Now then, just make a note of this: October twenty-fifth you're to come down to the District Committee office" (1a).2. - кого-что (subj: human or collect) ( usu. in refer, to a person who shows promise in some area, a promising undertaking etc) to pay special attention to s.o. or sth.: X возьмёт Y-a на заметку - X will take notice ( note) of YX will keep an eye on YX will make a mental note of thing Y. "Я ведь тебя еше в карантине на заметку взял» (Максимов 2). Tve been keeping an eye on you since you first arrived in quarantine" (2a).3. - кого. Also: БРАТЬ/ВЗЯТЬ НА ЗАМЕЧАНИЕ obs (subj: human or collect, often a noun denoting the police, security organs etc) to consider s.o. among those who must be kept under observation (as a political threat, a bad influence on society, a troublemaker etc)X взял Y-a на заметку = X took note (notice) of YX started keeping tabs on Y (in limited contexts) Y became a marked man....Если бы я был такой умный, продемонстрировал кагебешникам знание законов и высокий уровень правосознания, они бы уже тогда взяли меня на заметку, и как бы сложилась моя судьба, никому не известно (Войнович 1)....If I had been clever and had demonstrated my knowledge of the law and my highly developed sense of justice, they (the KGB) would have taken note of me at the time, and my life would have become more complicated (1a).(Чекисты) приглашали людей обычно не на Лубянку, а на специально содержавшиеся с этой целью квартиры. Отказывающихся держали там часами, бесконечно долго, предлагая «подумать». Из вызовов тайны не делали: они служили важным звеном в системе устрашения, а также способствовали проверке гражданских чувств - упрямцев брали на заметку и при случае с ними расправлялись (Мандельштам 1). They (the Chekists) generally invited people for these interviews not to the Lubianka, but to apartments specially allotted for the purpose. The uncooperative were kept for hours on end and urged to "think again." No secret was made of all this-it was an important element in the general system of intimidation, as well as being a good way of testing a person's "loyalty." The stubborn became marked men and were "dealt with" as opportunity arose (1a).
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