-
61 по
автомат загрузки по скоростному напоруQ-feel systemавтомат имитации усилий по числу МMach-feel systemавтоматическое сопровождение по дальностиautomatic range trackingавтоматическое флюгирование по отрицательной тягеdrag-actuated autofeatheringавтоматическое флюгирование по предельным оборотамoverspeed-actuated autofeatheringавтомат стабилизации автопилота по числу Мautopilot Mach lockавтомат устойчивости по тангажуpitch autostabilizerагент по грузовым перевозкамcargo agentагент по оформлениюhanding agentагент по оформлению туристических перевозокtravel agentагент по продаже билетовticket mediumагентство по отправке грузов воздушным транспортомair freight forwarderАгентство по пропорциональным тарифамProrate Agencyанализатор с интегрированием по времениtime-integrating analyserАфриканская конференция по авиационным тарифамAfrican Air Tariff Conferenceаэропортовый комитет по разработке и утверждению расписанияairport scheduling committeeбалансировать по тангажуtrim in pitchбалансировка по тангажуlongitudinal trimбилет по основному тарифуnormal fare ticketблок контроля скорости пробега по землеground run monitorвесовая отдача по полезной нагрузкеuseful-to-takeoff load ratioвзлетать по ветруtakeoff downwindвзлет по вертолетномуno-run takeoffвзлет по ветруdownwind takeoffвзлет по приборамinstrument takeoffвзлет по самолетному1. forward takeoff2. running takeoff визуальная посадка по наземным ориентирамvisually judged landingвизуальный заход на посадку по упрощенной схемеabbreviated visual approachвизуальный полет по кругуvisual circlingвоздушная перевозка по наймуair operation for hireвоздушное судно, загруженное не по установленной схемеimproperly loaded aircraftвоздушное судно, не сертифицированное по шумуnonnoise certificate aircraftвоздушное судно по обменуinterchanged aircraftвосстановление по кренуbank erectionвосстановление по тангажуpitch erectionВПП, не оборудованная для посадки по приборамnoninstrument runwayВПП, оборудованная для посадки по приборамinstrument runwayвращаться по инерцииrun downвращение по инерцииrundownвремя вылета по расписаниюscheduled departure timeвремя наземной тренировки по приборамinstrument ground timeвремя налета по приборамinstrument flying timeвремя налета по приборам на тренажереinstrument flying simulated timeвремя полета по внешнему контуруoutbound timeвремя полета по маршрутуtrip timeвремя по расписаниюdue timeвыдерживание курса по курсовому радиомаякуlocalizer holdвыдерживать курс по компасуhold the heading on the compassвыдерживать направление по лучуfollow the beamвыполнять доработку по бюллетенюperform the service bulletinвыполнять полет по курсуfly the headingвысота по давлениюpressure altitudeвысота полета по маршрутуen-route altitudeвысота по радиовысотомеруradio heightГенеральная конференция по мерам и весамGeneral Conference of Weights and Measureгенеральный агент по продажеgeneral sales agentгодность по состоянию здоровьяmedical fitnessгодность по уровню шумаnoiseworthinessградус по шкале Цельсияdegree Celsiusгруппа, выполняющая полет по туруtour groupдальность видимости по наклонной прямойoblique visibilityдальность видимости по прямой1. line-of-sight distance2. line-of-sight range дальность полета по замкнутому маршрутуclosed-circuit rangeдальность полета по прямойdirect rangeдатчик рассогласования по кренуroll synchro transmitterдатчик усилий по кренуroll control force sensorдвижение по землеground runдвижение по тангажуpitching motionдежурный по посадкеboarding clerkдействия по аэродрому при объявлении тревогиaerodrome alert measuresдействия по обнаружению и уходуsee and avoid operationsдействующий технологический стандарт по шумуcurrent noise technology standardдеятельность по координации тарифовtariff coordinating activityдиспетчер по загрузкеload controllerдиспетчер по загрузке и центровкеweight and balance controlledдиспетчер по планированиюplannerдиспетчер по планированию полетовflight plannerдлина разбега по водеwater run lengthдозаправлять топливом на промежуточной посадке по маршрутуrefuel en-routeдоставка грузов по воздухуaerial cargo deliveryдоставлять по воздухуfly inдоступ, регламентированный по времениtime-ordered accessдоход по контрактуcontract revenueЕвропейская конференция по вопросам гражданской авиацииEuropean Civil Aviation Conferenceзагрузочный механизм по скоростному напоруQ-feel mechanismзагрузочный механизм по числу МMach-feel mechanismзакрылок по всему размахуfull-span flapзанимать эшелон по нулямbe on the level on the hourзапас по оборотам несущего винтаrotor speed marginзапас по помпажуsurging marginзапас по сваливаниюstall marginзапас по ускорениюacceleration marginзаход на посадку, нормированный по времениtimed approachзаход на посадку по командам наземных станцийadvisory approachзаход на посадку по коробочкеrectangular traffic pattern approachзаход на посадку по криволинейной траекторииcurved approachзаход на посадку по кругуcircling approachзаход на посадку по крутой траекторииsteep approachзаход на посадку по курсовому маякуlocalizer approachзаход на посадку по маякуbeam approachзаход на посадку по обзорному радиолокаторуsurveillance radar approachзаход на посадку по обычной схемеnormal approachзаход на посадку по осевой линииcenter line approachзаход на посадку по полной схемеlong approachзаход на посадку по пологой траекторииflat approachзаход на посадку по приборам1. instrument approach landing2. instrument landing approach заход на посадку по прямому курсуfront course approachзаход на посадку по радиолокаторуradar approachзаход на посадку по сегментно-криволинейной схемеsegmented approachзаход на посадку после полета по кругуcircle-to-landзаход на посадку по укороченной схемеshort approachзаход на посадку по упрощенной схемеsimple approachзаход на посадку с прямой по приборамstraight-in ILS-type approachзвездное время по гринвичскому меридиануGreenwich sideral timeзона захода на посадку по кругуcircling approach areaзона обзора по азимутуazimuth coverageизменение маршрута по желанию пассажираvoluntary reroutingимитируемый полет по приборамsimulated instrument flightинженер по навигационным средствамnavaids engineerинженер по радиоэлектронному оборудованиюradio engineerинженер по техническому обслуживанию воздушных судовaircraft maintenance engineerинженер по электронному оборудованиюelectronics engineerинспектор по летной годностиairworthiness inspectorинспектор по производству полетовoperations inspectorинспекция по расследованию авиационных происшествийinvestigating authorityинструктаж по условиям полета по маршрутуroute briefingинструктор по навигационным средствамnavaids instructorинструктор по производству полетовflight operations instructorинструкция по загрузке воздушного суднаaircraft loading instructionинструкция по консервации и хранению воздушного суднаaircraft storage instructionинструкция по обеспечению безопасности полетовair safety rulesинструкция по производству полетовoperation instructionинструкция по техническому обслуживаниюmaintenance instructionинструкция по эксплуатации воздушного суднаaircraft operating instructionинформация по воздушной трассеairway informationинформация по условиям посадкиlanding instructionиспытание по уходу на второй кругgo-around testиспытания по замеру нагрузки в полетеflight stress measurement testsиспытания по полной программеfull-scale testsИсследовательская группа по безопасности полетовAviation Security Study Groupистинное время по ГринвичуGreenwich apparent timeисходные условия сертификации по шумуnoise certification reference conditionsкалибровка чувствительности по звуковому давлениюsound pressure sensitivity calibrationкатегория ИКАО по обеспечению полетаfacility performance ICAO categoryклассификация воздушных судов по типамaircraft category ratingкодирование по опорному времениtime reference codingКомиссия по авиационной метеорологииCommission for aeronautical MeteorologyКомиссия по нарушению тарифовBreachers CommissionКомиссия по основным системамCommission for basic SystemsКомитет по авиационному шумуCommittee on Aircraft NoiseКомитет по безопасности полетовSafety Investigation BoardКомитет по воздушным перевозкам1. Air Transport Committee2. Air Transportation Board Комитет по исследованиям звуковых ударовSonic Boom CommitteeКомитет по координации частотFrequency Coordinating BodyКомитет по незаконному вмешательствуCommittee on Unlawful InterferenceКомитет по охране окружающей среды от воздействия авиацииCommittee on Aviation Environmental ProtectionКомитет по поощрительным тарифамCreative Fares BoardКомитет по рассмотрению авиационных вопросовAviation Review CommitteeКомитет по расходамCost CommitteeКомитет по специальным грузовым тарифамSpecific Commodity Rates Boardкоммерческая загрузка, ограниченная по массеweight limited payloadкоммерческая загрузка, ограниченная по объемуspace limited payloadкомпрессор по помпажуcompressor surge marginконвенция по вопросам деятельности международной гражданской авиацииconvention on international civil aviationконвенция по управлению воздушным движениемair traffic conventionконсультант по вопросам обученияtraining consultantконсультант по тренажерамtrainers consultantКонсультативная группа по метеообеспечениюMeteorological Advisory Groupконсультативное сообщение по устранению конфликтной ситуацииresolution advisoryКонсультативный комитет по управлению воздушным движениемAir Traffic Control Advisory CommitteeКонсультативный комитет по упрощению формальностейFacilitation Advisory Committeeконтролируемое воздушное пространство предназначенное для полетов по приборамinstrument restricted airspaceконтроль состояния посевов по пути выполнения основного заданияassociated crop control operationКонференция агентства по грузовым перевозкамCargo Agency ConferenceКонференция агентств по пассажирским перевозкамPassenger Agency ConferenceКонференция по валютным вопросамCurrency ConferenceКонференция по вопросам обслуживания пассажировPassenger Services ConferenceКонференция по координации тарифовTariff Co-ordinating Conferenceкоординационный центр по спасаниюrescue coordination centerкоррекция траектории по полученной информацииreply-to-track correlationкресло, расположенное по направлению полетаforward facing seatкурс захода на посадку по приборамinstrument approach courseкурс подготовки по утвержденной программеapproved training courseкурс по локсодромииrhumb-line courseкурс по маякуbeacon courseкурс по радиомаякуlocalizer courseкурсы подготовки пилотов к полетам по приборамinstrument pilot schoolлетать по ветруfly downwindлетать по глиссадному лучуfly the glide-slope beamлетать по кругу1. circularize2. fly round 3. fly the circle летать по кругу над аэродромомcircle the aerodromeлетать по курсу1. fly on the heading2. fly on the course летать по локсодромииfly the rhumb lineлетать по маршрутуfly en-routeлетать по ортодромииfly the great circleлетать по приборам1. fly on instruments2. fly by instruments летать по приборам в процессе тренировокfly under screenлетать по прямойfly straightлететь по лучуfly the beamлетная полоса, оборудованная для полетов по приборамinstrument stripлиния полета по курсуon-course lineлиния пути по локсодромииrhumb-line trackлиния пути по схеме с двумя спаренными разворотамиrace trackМеждународная комиссия по аэронавигацииInternational commission for Air NavigationМеждународная комиссия по освещениюCommission on Illuminationмеждународное сотрудничество по вопросам летной годностиinternational collaboration in airworthinessмеры по обеспечению безопасностиsafety control measuresмеры по предупреждению пожараfire precautionsмеры по снижению шумаnoise abatement measuresметеоданные по аэродромуaerodrome forecast materialметеосводка по трассе полетаairway climatic dataметодика сертификации по шумуnoise certification procedureметод продажи по наличию свободных местspace available policyмеханизм триммерного эффекта по тангажуpitch trim actuatorмеханизм усилий по скоростному напоруQ-feel unitминимальная высота полета по кругуminimum circling procedure heightминимальная высота по маршрутуminimum en-route altitudeминимум для полетов по кругуcircling minimaнабирать высоту при полете по курсуclimb on the courseнабор высоты по крутой траекторииsteep climbнабор высоты по установившейся схемеproper climbнаведение по азимутуazimuth guidanceнаведение по азимуту при заходе на посадкуapproach azimuth guidanceнаведение по глиссадеglide-slope guidanceнаведение по глиссаде при заходе на посадкуapproach slope guidanceнаведение по клиренсуclearance guidanceнаведение по лучу1. beam homing2. beam follow guidance 3. beam riding наведение по лучу радиолокационной станцииradar beam ridingнаведение по отраженному лучуback beam track guidanceнаведение по углуangle guidanceнавигация по визуальным ориентирамcontact navigationнавигация по заданным путевым угламangle navigationнавигация по линии равных азимутовconstant-bearing navigationнавигация по наземным ориентирам1. landmark navigation2. terrestrial navigation 3. ground reference navigation навигация по ортодромииwaypoint navigationнавигация по условным координатамgrid navigationнаставление по управлению воздушным движениемair traffic guideне по курсуoff-courseнеустойчивость по кренуroll instabilityнеустойчивость по тангажуpitch instabilityоблако, напоминающее по виду наковальнюanvil cloudобобщенные характеристики по шумуgeneralized noise characteristicsоборудование для полетов по приборамblind flight equipmentобслуживание по смешанному классуmixed serviceобслуживание по туристическому классу1. economy class service2. coach service 3. no frills service обтекать по потокуstreamwiseобтекать хорду по потокуstream-wise chordОбъединенная конференция по грузовым тарифамComposite cargo Traffic ConferenceОбъединенная конференция по координации грузовым перевозкамComposite cargo Tariff Coordinating ConferenceОбъединенная конференция по координации пассажирских тарифовComposite Passenger Tariff Co-ordinating ConferenceОбъединенная конференция по пассажирским перевозкамComposite Passenger Conferenceогни по требованиюlights on requestограничение по боковому ветруcross-wind limitограничение по времениtime limitограничение по массеweight limitationограничение по скорости полетаair-speed limitationограничения по загрузкеloading restrictionsограничения по летной годностиairworthiness limitationsограничивать по состоянию здоровьяdecrease in medical fitnessоперации по подготовке рейса к вылетуdeparture operationsоперации по спасениюrescue operationsоперация по рассеиванию туманаfog dispersal operationоперация по спасениюrescue missionопережение по фазеphase advanceопределение местонахождения воздушного судна по звездамastrofixопределение местоположения по наземным ориентирамvisual ground fixingопределение местоположения по пеленгу одной станцииone-station fixingопределение местоположения по пройденному пути и курсуrange-bearing fixingориентировка ВПП по магнитному меридиануmagnetic orientation of runwayориентировка по радиомаякуradio-range orientationостановка по расписаниюsheduled stoppingОтдел по соблюдению тарифовCompliance Departmentотклонение по дальностиrange deviationотклонение по кренуbank displacementотставание по времениtime lagотставание по фазеphase lagошибка по дальностиrange errorпараметр потока, критический по шумуnoise-critical flow parameterпассажир по полному тарифуadultпеленг по гироприборуgyro bearingперевозка грузов по воздухуair freight liftперевозка пассажиров по контрактуcontract tourперевозка по специальному тарифуunit toll transportationперевозки по тарифу туристического классаcoach trafficперсонал по обеспечению полетовflight operations personnelперсонал по оформлению билетовticketing personnelпикирование по спиралиspiral diveпилотировать по приборамpilot by reference to instrumentsпланирование воздушного судна по спиралиaircraft spiral glideплан полета по приборамinstrument flight planпо азимутуin azimuthповерхность управления по всему размахуfull-span control surface(напр. крыла) по ветруdownwindпо всему размахуtipпогода по метеосводкеreported weatherпогрешность отсчета по углу местаelevation errorподводить по трубопроводуdeliver by pipeподготовка для полетов по приборамinstrument flight trainingподготовка по утвержденной программеapproved trainingпо запросу1. on-request2. on request полет по дополнительному маршрутуextra section flightполет по заданной траекторииdesired path flightполет по заданному маршрутуdesired track flightполет по замкнутому кругуclosed-circuit flightполет по замкнутому маршрутуround-tripполет по индикации на стеклеhead-up flightполет по инерции1. coasting flight2. coast полет по коробочкеbox-pattern flightполет по круговому маршруту1. round-trip flight2. circling полет по кругуcircuit-circlingполет по кругу в районе аэродромаaerodrome traffic circuit operationполет по кругу над аэродромом1. aerodrome circling2. aerodrome circuit-circling полет по курсуflight on headingполет по локсодромииrhumb-line flightполет по маршруту1. en-route operation2. en-route flight полет по маякам ВОРVOR course flightполет по наземным ориентирамvisual navigation flightполет по наземным ориентирам или по командам наземных станцийreference flightполет по полному маршрутуentire flightполет по приборам1. instrument flight rules operation2. instrument flight 3. blind flight 4. head-down flight полет по приборам, обязательный для данной зоныcompulsory IFR flightполет по размеченному маршрутуpoint-to-point flightполет по расписанию1. scheduled flight2. regular flight полет по сигналам с землиdirected reference flightполет по условным меридианамgrid flightполет по установленным правиламflight under the rulesполеты по воздушным трассамairways flyingполеты по изобареpressure flyingполеты по контрольным точкамfix-to-fix flyingполеты по кругуcircuit flyingполеты по наземным естественным ориентирамterrain flyполеты по низким метеоминимумамlow weather operationsполеты по обратному лучуback beam flyingполеты по ортодромииgreat-circle flyingполеты по прямому лучуfront beam flyingполеты по радиолучуradio-beam flyположение, определенное по радиолокаторуradar track positionположение по направлению трассыalong-track positionположение по тангажуpitch attitudeпо оси воздушного суднаon aircraft center lineпо полетуlooking forwardпо размахуspanwiseпорядок действий по тревоге на аэродромеaerodrome alerting procedureпосадка по вертолетному типуhelicopter-type landingпосадка по ветруdownwind landingпосадка по командам с земли1. ground-controlled landing2. talk-down landing посадка по приборам1. instrument landing2. blind landing посадка по техническим причинамtechnical stopПостоянный комитет по летно-техническим характеристикамStanding Committee of Performanceпо часовой стрелкеclockwiseправила полета по кругуcircuit rulesправила полетов по приборамinstrument flight rulesпревышение по высотеgain in altitudeпредварительные меры по обеспечению безопасности полетовadvance arrangementsпредкрылок по всему размахуfull-span slat(крыла) предоставляется по запросуavailable on requestпредполетный инструктаж по метеообстановкеflight weather briefingпредпочтительная по уровню шума ВППnoise preferential runwayпредпочтительный по уровню шума маршрутnoise preferential routeпредупреждение по аэродромуaerodrome warningпреобразователь сигнала по тангажуpitch transformerпробегать по полному маршрутуcover the routeпроведение работ по снижению высоты препятствий для полетовobstacle clearingпроверка прилегания по краскеtransferred markingпрогноз по авиатрассеairway forecastпрогноз по аэродромуaerodrome forecastпрогноз по высотеheight forecastпрогноз по маршрутуair route forecastпрогноз по регионуregional forecastпрограмма сертификации по шумуnoise certification schemeпродажа билетов по принципу наличия свободных местspace available basisпродолжительность по запасу топливаfuel enduranceпрокладка маршрута по угловым координатамangle trackingпропускная способность по числу посадокlanding capacityпротивопожарное патрулирование по пути выполнения основного заданияassociated fire control operationпульт управления по радиоradio control boardработы по техническому обслуживаниюmaintenance operationsРабочая группа по разработке основных эксплуатационных требованийBasic Operational Requirements Groupразвертка по дальностиrange scanningразворачивать по ветруturn downwindразворот по приборамinstrument turnразворот по стандартной схемеstandard rate turnразворот по установленной схемеprocedure turnразница в тарифах по классамclass differentialразрешающая способность по дальностиrange resolutionразрешение в процессе полета по маршрутуen-route clearanceразрешение на полет по приборамinstrument clearanceраспределение давления по крылуwing pressure plottingраспределение по размаху крылаspanwise distributionраспределение по хордеchordwise distributionраспределение расходов по маршрутамcost allocation to routesрасстояние по ортодромииgreat-circle distanceреакция по кренуroll responseрегламентирование по времениtimingрегулировать по высотеadjust for heightрежим работы автопилота по заданному курсуautopilot heading modeрейс с обслуживанием по первому классуfirst-class flightрекомендации по обеспечению безопасности полетовsafety recommendationsрекомендации по стандартам, практике и правиламrecommendations for standards, practices and proceduresруководство по обеспечению безопасностиsafety regulationsруководство по полетам воздушных судов гражданской авиацииcivil air regulationsруководство по предупреждению столкновений над моремregulations for preventing collisions over seaруководство по производству полетов в зоне аэродромаaerodrome rulesруководство по технической эксплуатации воздушного суднаaircraft maintenance guideруководство по управлению полетамиflight control fundamentalsруководство по упрощению формальностейguide to facilitationруление по аэродромуground taxi operationруление по воздухуair taxiingруление по воздуху к месту взлетаaerial taxiing to takeoffрыскание по курсуhuntingсбор за услуги по оценкеvaluation chargeсводка по аэродромуaerodrome reportсводка погоды по данным радиолокационного наблюденияradar weather reportсвязь по запросу с бортаair-initiated communicationсвязь по обеспечению регулярности полетовflight regularity communicationсдвиг по фазеphase shiftсектор наведения по клиренсуclearance guidance sectorСекция расчетов по вопросам технической помощиTechnical Assistance Accounts section(ИКАО) Секция расчетов по регулярной программеRegular Programme Accounts section(ИКАО) сертификат воздушного судна по шумуaircraft noise certificateсертификационный стандарт по шумуnoise certification standardсертификация по шуму на взлетном режимеtake-off noiseсигнал полета по курсуon-course signalсигнал синхронизации по времениsynchronized time signalсистема балансировки по числу МMach trim systemсистема блокировки управления по положению реверсаthrust reverser interlock systemсистема наведения по лучу1. beam-rider system2. guide beam system система наведения по приборамinstrument guidance systemсистема наведения по сканирующему лучуscanning beam guidance systemсистема наведения по углуangle guidance systemсистема навигации по наземным ориентирамground-referenced navigation systemсистема посадки по лучу маякаbeam approach beacon systemсистема посадки по приборамinstrument landing systemсистема сборов по фактической массеweight system(багажа или груза) скольжение по водеequaplaningскорость набора высоты при полете по маршрутуen-route climb speedскорость по тангажуrate of pitchследовать по заданному курсуpursueслужба обеспечения прогнозами по маршрутуroute forecast serviceслужба по изучению рынкаmarketing service(воздушных перевозок) снижение по спиралиspiral descentснос определенный по радиолокаторуradar driftсоветник по авиационным вопросамaviation adviserсоветник по вопросам гражданской авиацииcivil aviation adviserсоветник по проектированию и строительству аэродромовaerodrome engineering instructorСовет по авиационным спутникамAeronautical Satellite CouncilСовместный комитет по специальным грузовым тарифамJoint service Commodity Rates Boardсоглашение по вопросам летной годностиarrangement for airworthinessсоглашение по пассажирским и грузовым тарифамfares and rates agreementсоглашение по прямому транзитуdirect transit agreementсоглашение по тарифамtariff agreementсостояние готовности аэродрома по тревогеaerodrome alert status(состояние готовности служб аэродрома по тревоге) специализированный отдел по расследованию происшествийaccident investigation divisionспециалист по ремонтуrepairmanспециалист по ремонту воздушных судовaircraft repairmanспециалист по сборкеriggerсправочник по аэродромамaerodrome directoryсправочник по аэропортамairport directoryсредства обеспечения полетов по приборамnonvisual aidsстандартная система управления заходом на посадку по лучуstandard beam approach systemстандартная схема вылета по приборамstandard instrument departureстандартная схема посадки по приборамstandard instrument arrivalстандарт по шуму для дозвуковых самолетовsubsonic noise standardстепень помех по отношению к несущей частотеcarrier-to-noise ratioстроить по лицензииconstruct under licenseсхема визуального полета по кругуvisual circling procedureсхема захода на посадку по командам с землиground-controlled approach procedureсхема захода на посадку по коробочкеrectangular approach traffic patternсхема захода на посадку по приборам1. instrument approach chart2. instrument approach procedure схема полета по кругу1. circuit pattern2. circling procedure схема полета по маршрутуen-route procedureсхема полета по приборамinstrument flight procedureсхема полета по приборам в зоне ожиданияinstrument holding procedureсхема полетов по кругуtraffic circuitсхема руления по аэродромуaerodrome taxi circuitтарировка по времениtime calibrationтарировка по дальностиrange calibrationтарировка по числу МMach number calibrationтариф на полет по замкнутому кругуround trip fareтариф по контрактуcontract rateтариф по незамкнутому круговому маршрутуopen-jaw fareтемпература по шкале ЦельсияCelsius temperatureточность ориентировки по точечному ориентируpinpoint accuracyтраектория взлета, сертифицированная по шумуnoise certification takeoff flight pathтраектория захода на посадку по азимутуazimuth approach pathтраектория захода на посадку по лучу курсового маякаlocalizer approach trackтраектория захода на посадку, сертифицированная по шумуnoise certification approach pathтраектория полета по маршрутуen-route flight pathтраектория полетов по низким минимумам погодыlow weather minima pathтранспортировка по воздухуshipment by airтрансформатор сигнала по кренуroll transformerтрансформатор сигнала по курсуyaw transformerтрафарет с инструкцией по применениюinstruction plateтребования по метеоусловиямmeteorological requirementsтребования по ограничению высоты препятствийobstacle limitation requirementsтребования по снижению шумаnoise reduction requirementsтренажер для подготовки к полетам по приборамinstrument flight trainerтяга, регулируемая по величине и направлениюvectored thrustугол рассогласования по кренуbank synchro error angleудостоверение на право полета по авиалинииairline certificateудостоверение на право полета по приборамinstrument certificateуказания по выполнению руленияtaxi instructionуказания по порядку ожиданияholding instructionуказания по управлению воздушным движениемair-traffic control instructionуказания по условиям эксплуатации в полетеinflight operational instructionsуказатель отклонения от курса по радиомаякуlocalizer deviation pointerуполномоченный по расследованиюinvestigator-in-chargeуправление по крену1. roll guidance2. roll control управление по угловому отклонениюangular position controlуправление по углу рысканияyaw controlуправляемый по радиоradio-controlledусловия по заданному маршрутуconditions on the routeусловия, по сложности превосходящие квалификацию пилотаconditions beyond the experienceусловия сертификационных испытаний по шумуnoise certification test conditionsустанавливать воздушное судно по осиalign the aircraft with the center lineустанавливать воздушное судно по оси ВППalign the aircraft with the runwayустановленная схема вылета по приборамstandard instrument departure chartустановленная схема полета по кругуfixed circuitустановленная схема ухода на второй круг по приборамinstrument missed procedureустойчивость по крену1. rolling stability2. lateral stability устойчивость по скоростиspeed stabilityустойчивость по тангажу1. pitching stability2. pitch stability устойчивость по углу атакиangle-of-attack stabilityуточнение плана полета по сведениям, полученным в полетеinflight operational planningуходить на второй круг по заданной схемеtake a missed-approach procedureуход платформы по курсуplatform drift in azimuthфирма по производству воздушных судовaircraft companyфлюгирование по отрицательному крутящему моментуnegative torque featheringхарактеристика набора высоты при полете по маршрутуen-route climb performanceхарактеристика по наддувуmanifold pressure characteristicхарактеристики наведения по линии путиtrack-defining characteristicsхарактеристики по шумуnoise characteristicsчартерный рейс по заказу отдельной организацииsingle-entity charterчартерный рейс по незамкнутому маршрутуopen-jaw charterчартерный рейс по объявленной программеprogrammed charterчартерный рейс по установленному маршрутуon-route charterчувствительность к отклонению по сигналам курсового маякаlokalizer displacement sensitivityчувствительность по давлениюpressure sensitivityчувствительность по курсуcourse sensitivityшкала корректировки по тангажуpitch trim scaleшкала отклонения от курса по радиомаякуlocalizer deviation scaleшкола подготовки специалистов по управлению воздушным движениемair traffic schoolэкзамен по летной подготовкеflight examinationэкспедитор по отправке грузовfreight consolidatorэксперт по вопросам ведения документацииprocedures document expertэксперт по контролю за качествомquality control expertэксперт по летной годностиairworthiness expertэксперт по обслуживанию воздушного движенияair traffic services expertэксперт по обучению пилотовpilot training expertэксперт по производству налетовflight operations expertэксперт по радиолокаторамradar expertэксперт по техническому обслуживаниюmaintenance expertэтап полета по маршрутуen-route flight phaseэшелонирование по курсуtrack separationэшелонирование по усмотрению пилотаown separationэшелонировать по высотеstack up -
62 pendant
I.pendant1, e [pɑ̃dɑ̃, ɑ̃t]adjectivea. ( = qui pend) [bras, jambes] dangling ; [langue] hanging outb. ( = en instance) [question] outstanding ; [affaire] pendingII.pendant2 [pɑ̃dɑ̃]masculine nounb. ( = contrepartie) le pendant de [+ œuvre d'art, meuble] the matching piece to ; [+ personne, institution] the counterpart ofIII.pendant3 [pɑ̃dɑ̃]• qu'est-ce qu'il faisait pendant ce temps-là ? what was he doing in the meantime?• pendant quelques mois, il n'a pas pu travailler for several months he was unable to work• arrosez le jardin et, pendant que vous y êtes, arrachez les mauvaises herbes water the garden and do some weeding while you're at it• finissez le plat pendant que vous y êtes ! (ironic) why don't you eat it all while you're at it! (ironique)* * *
I
1. pɑ̃dɑ̃préposition for
2.
pendant que locution conjonctive while
II
1.
pendante pɑ̃dɑ̃, ɑ̃t adjectif1) ( qui pend)2) ( en instance) [cas, procès] pending; [question] outstanding
2.
nom masculin1) ( bijou)2) ( équivalent)* * *pɑ̃dɑ̃, ɑ̃t pendant, -e1. prépÇa s'est passé pendant l'été. — It happened during the summer.
Christian a téléphoné pendant que Chantal prenait son bain. — Christian phoned while Chantal was having a bath.
2. adj1) (qui pend) (langue) lolling, hanging out2) ADMINISTRATION, DROIT pending3. nm[personne, institution] counterpart, [objet] matching piece, [rôle] equivalentfaire pendant à [pièce] — to match, [personne, institution] to be the counterpart of, [rôle] to correspond to
* * *I.A prép1 ( pour exprimer une durée) for; je t'ai attendu pendant des heures I waited for you for hours; pendant les trois premières années for the first three years; pendant un instant for a moment; pendant longtemps for a long time; pendant toute la durée des vacances for the entire ou throughout the vacation; pendant tout le trajet for the whole journey, throughout the journey; il a été malade pendant tout le trajet he was sick throughout the journey; l'hôtel est seulement ouvert pendant l'été the hotel is only open in summer ou during the summer; pendant combien de temps avez-vous vécu à Versailles? how long did you live in Versailles?;2 ( au cours de) during; ils viendront nous voir pendant l'été they are coming to see us during ou in the summer; le temps s'est refroidi pendant la nuit it got colder during the night ou overnight; avant la guerre et pendant before and during the war; pendant tout le temps où mon père était malade j'allais le voir tous les jours all the time my father was ill I visited him every day, I visited my father every day during his illness; pendant ce temps(-là) meanwhile; pendant ce temps, à quelques kilomètres de là meanwhile, a few kilometresGB away; prendre le médicament pendant toute la durée du séjour take the medicine throughout the whole stay.B pendant que loc conj while; pendant qu'il dort je peux travailler while he's asleep I can work; voyage pendant qu'il est temps travel while you have the chance; pendant que j'y pense, ton père a téléphoné il y a une heure while I think of it, your father called an hour ago; pendant que tu y es/nous y sommes while you're at it/we're at it.II.A adj1 ( qui pend) être assis les jambes pendantes to be sitting with one's legs dangling; assis sur une chaise les jambes pendantes sitting on a chair with one's legs dangling down; l'oreille pendante with one ear drooping; le chien avait la langue pendante the dog's tongue lolled ou was hanging out;B nm1 ( objet) pendant (d'oreille) drop earring;2 ( équivalent) le pendant de the counterpart of [personne, institution]; le pendant d'un vase the matching vase; être le pendant de, faire pendant à to match [objet]; to be the counterpart of [personne, institution]; se faire pendant [objets] to match; [personnes, institutions] to be counterparts; son discours fait pendant à la déclaration de Paul his/her speech parallels Paul's declaration.I( féminin pendante) [pɑ̃dɑ̃, ɑ̃t] adjectif1. [tombant] hanginga. [de chaleur, de fatigue] pantingb. [de convoitise] droolingchien aux oreilles pendantes dog with drooping ou droopy earspendant nom masculin1. [bijou] pendant2. [symétrique - d'une chose]se faire pendant to match, to be a matching pairII[pɑ̃dɑ̃] préposition[au cours de] during[insistant sur la durée] forquelqu'un a appelé pendant l'heure du déjeuner somebody called while you were at lunch ou during your lunch breakpendant ce temps-là in the meantime, meanwhileje suis là pendant tout l'été I'm here during the ou for the whole (of the) summer————————pendant que locution conjonctive1. [tandis que] while2. [tant que] whilependant que tu y es, pourras-tu passer à la banque? while you're there ou at it, could you stop off at the bank?pendant que j'y pense, voici l'argent que je te dois while I think of it, here's the money I owe youallons-y pendant que nous y sommes let's go, since we're here -
63 circular
adj.1 circular.Su forma es circular Its shape is circular.2 orbicular.f.leaflet, circular, circular letter, flier.Ella me entregó la circular ayer She gave me the leaflet yesterday.v.1 to flow or circulate.2 to circulate.El sospechoso circuló mucho tiempo The suspect circulated a long time.La prensa circuló el rumor The press circulated=spread the rumor.3 to go round.4 to be spread, to go round.El rumor circula desde ayer The rumor was spread since yesterday.5 to distribute, to circulate, to deal out, to hand around.Ella circuló las invitaciones She circulated=handed out the invitations.* * *► adjetivo1 circular1 (carta) circular, circular letter1 (gen) to circulate, move, go round2 (líquido, electricidad) to circulate, flow4 figurado (rumor etc) to spread, get round\'Circule por la derecha' "Keep to the right"¡circulen! move along!* * *1. noun f. adj. 2. verb1) to circulate2) run3) walk4) flow* * *1. VI1) [vehículo] to runel metro no circula los domingos — the underground does not run on Sundays, there is no underground service on Sundays
este tren circula a muy alta velocidad — this train goes o travels o runs at very high speeds
mañana circularán muchos vehículos por las carreteras — there will be many vehicles on the roads tomorrow
2) [peatón] to walkpor favor, circulen por la acera — please walk on the pavement
¡circulen! — move along!
3) [ciudadano, mercancía] to move aroundlos españoles pueden circular libremente por la UE — Spaniards can move around freely o have free movement within the EU
4) [moneda] to be in circulation5) [sangre] to circulate; [agua] to flow6) [rumor] to go round, circulate2.VT to circulate3.ADJ (=redondo) circularun salón con o de forma circular — a circular o round hall
el autobús tiene un recorrido circular — the bus follows o has a circular route
4.SF (=carta) circular* * *Iadjetivo circularII 1.verbo intransitivo1) sangre/savia to circulate, flow; agua/corriente to flow2)a) transeúnte/peatón to walk; conductorcirculen, por favor! — move along please!
b) autobús/tren ( estar de servicio) to run, operate3) dinero/billete/sello to be in circulation4) noticia/rumor/memo to circulate, go around2.circular vt to circulateIIIfemenino circular* * *Iadjetivo circularII 1.verbo intransitivo1) sangre/savia to circulate, flow; agua/corriente to flow2)a) transeúnte/peatón to walk; conductorcirculen, por favor! — move along please!
b) autobús/tren ( estar de servicio) to run, operate3) dinero/billete/sello to be in circulation4) noticia/rumor/memo to circulate, go around2.circular vt to circulateIIIfemenino circular* * *circular11 = memo [memorandum], memorandum [memoranda -pl.; memo -abr.], news-sheet [newsheet], newsletter, circular letter.Ex: In most cases there was little substitution of e-mail for letters, memos, telephone calls, meetings or travel.
Ex: Among the documents that are worthy of consideration for abstracting are those which convey information that is likely to be difficult to access, such as foreign documents or internal reports and memoranda and other documents which a limited circulation.Ex: Short abstracts comprising only one or two sentences, for instance, may be valuable in commercial information services, or local government news-sheets of the type produced by public libraries.Ex: A newsletter is a serial publication consisting of one or a few printed sheets containing news and/or information of interest to a special group.Ex: The computer is also programmed to print out circular letters and address labels to obtain up-dated information, which are sent to agencies every six months.circular22 = roundabout, circular, rotary, cyclic.Ex: 'I think that's about it, isn't it, Malcolm?' she said, rubbing her hands with a roundabout motion.
Ex: Products under threat include; greeting cards, circulars, information sheets, newspapers and magazines.Ex: In 1895 a good London bindery would have the following machines: hand-fed folding machines, sewing machines, nipping machines (for pressing the sewn books before casing-in), cutting machines, rounding machines, backing machines, straight-knife trimming machines (guillotines), rotary board-cutting machines, power blocking presses, and hydraulic standing presses.Ex: This algorithm handles cyclic graphs without unfolding the cycles nor looping through them.* bandeja circular para diapositivas = carousel.* presentación circular de títulos = wrap-around.* sierra circular = buzz saw, circular saw.* tesauro circular = circular thesaurus.circular33 = make + the rounds, range, pump, cruise, drive, drive along.Ex: You may have seen the lines making the rounds of library e-mail: 'A Zen librarian searched for 'nothing' on the Internet and received 28 million hits'.
Ex: We will be bringing scholars from all over the world both to range widely in our multiform collections and put things together rather than just take them apart.Ex: All air entering the building should be pumped through tanks of water to remove pollutants.Ex: The system also has an add-on, which allows users with low vision to cruise the Internet using a low vision interface.Ex: Tomás Hernández drove cautiously in the torrential rain, trying not to swerve on the slick pavement of the turnpike.Ex: A motorist who drove along 20ft of a railway line told police officers his sat nav had directed him to turn on to the track.* apto para circular = roadworthy.* circulaba el rumor de que = rumour had it that.* circula el rumor de que = rumour has it that.* circular de uno a otro = flow + back and forth.* circular libremente = wander + at large.* circular por = navigate (through).* dejar de circular = drop out of + circulation.* hacer circular = pass around.* hacer circular por = circulate round.* rumor + circular = rumour + circulate.* * *1 ‹movimiento› circularde forma circular circular, round2 ‹ruta› circularviA «sangre/savia» to circulate, flow; «agua/corriente» to flowB1 «transeúnte/peatón» to walkel tráfico circulaba a 25 km/h the traffic was traveling at 25 kphcirculan por la izquierda they drive on the leftapenas circulaba gente por las calles there was hardly anybody (walking) in the streets¡circulen, por favor! move along please!2 «autobús/tren» (estar de servicio) to run, operateel autobús que circula entre estas dos poblaciones the bus which runs o operates between these two townsC «dinero/billete/sello» to be in circulationD «noticia/rumor» to circulate, go around ( colloq)circulan rumores sobre su divorcio there are rumors going around o circulating about their divorce■ circularvtto circulatecircular* * *
circular 1 adjetivo
circular;
■ sustantivo femenino
circular
circular 2 ( conjugate circular) verbo intransitivo
[agua/corriente] to flow
( referido al tráfico):
verbo transitivo
to circulate
circular
I adj (con forma de círculo) circular
II f (notificación) circular
III verbo intransitivo
1 (la sangre) to circulate
(un líquido, el aire) to flow
2 (tren, autobús) to run: los coches circulaban a gran velocidad, the cars were being driven very fast
(un peatón) to walk: peatón, circule por la izquierda, (en letrero) pedestrians, keep left
3 fig (difundirse un rumor) to go round
(moneda) to be in circulation
' circular' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
rotonda
- redondel
English:
bandy about
- circular
- circulate
- flow
- get about
- go about
- move along
- move on
- pass round
- pie chart
- put about
- roadworthy
- run
- disk
- mingle
- move
- road
- round
- socialize
* * *♦ adjcircular♦ nfcircular♦ viabre la ventana para que circule el aire open the window to let some air inel tren de alta velocidad circula a 200 km/h the high-speed train travels at 200 km/h;en el Reino Unido se circula por la izquierda they drive on the left in the United Kingdom4. [moneda] to be in circulation5. [capital, dinero] to circulate6. [difundirse] to go round;circula el rumor de que ha muerto there's a rumour going round that he's died;la noticia circuló rápidamente the news quickly got round♦ vt[de mano en mano] to circulate;hicieron circular un documento secreto entre los periodistas they had a secret document circulated among the press* * *I adj circularII f circularIII v/i1 circulate2 AUTO drive, travel3 de persona move (along);¡circulen! move along!* * *circular vi1) : to circulate2) : to move along3) : to drivecircular adj: circularcircular nf: circular, flier* * *circular vb1. (sangre) to circulatecirculan muchos coches por esta calle a lot of cars use this street / this is a very busy street1.700 autobuses circulan por la capital there are 1,700 buses operating in the capital4. (rumor) to go round -
64 ave
f.bird (animal).el Ave Fénix the phoenixave del Paraíso bird of paradiseave de presa bird of preyave rapaz o de rapiña (también figurative) bird of prey* * ** * *noun f.* * *SM ABR= Alta Velocidad Española high speed train* * *masculino (= Alta Velocidad Española) high-speed train•• Cultural note:A high-speed train service linking Madrid with Seville and Huelva via Cadiz, established in 1992 in time for the international exhibition Expo 92 in Seville. Lines under construction include: Madrid-Barcelona, with an extension to France and Barcelona-Valencia. An AVE service linking Madrid and Galicia is being planned* * *= bird.Ex. For example, the child doing a project about birds will require books to give him background information, a record or cassette to let him hear a bird-song, and a film to help him to appreciate bird flight.----* ave acuática = water bird.* ave carroñera = scavenger.* ave de caza = game bird.* ave del paraíso = bird of paradise.* ave de orilla = shorebird.* ave de paso = bird of passage.* ave de rapiña = raptor.* ave marina = sea bird.* ave migratoria = migratory bird.* ave nocturna = night owl, night owl.* ave pasajera = bird of passage.* ave rapaz = raptor.* aves acuáticas = waterfowl, fowl.* aves de corral = poultry.* aves y pájaros = bird life.* ave zancuda = wader, wading bird, shorebird.* cazador de aves = fowler.* cría de aves = poultry farming, aviculture, chicken farming.* criador de aves = aviculturist.* de la cría de aves = avicultural.* lugar donde las aves pasan la noche = roost.* observación de aves y pájaros = birdwatching [bird-watching], birding.* observador de aves y pájaros = birder, birdwatcher [bird-watcher].* relacionado con las aves = avian.* relativo a las aves = avian.* * *masculino (= Alta Velocidad Española) high-speed train•• Cultural note:A high-speed train service linking Madrid with Seville and Huelva via Cadiz, established in 1992 in time for the international exhibition Expo 92 in Seville. Lines under construction include: Madrid-Barcelona, with an extension to France and Barcelona-Valencia. An AVE service linking Madrid and Galicia is being planned* * *= bird.Ex: For example, the child doing a project about birds will require books to give him background information, a record or cassette to let him hear a bird-song, and a film to help him to appreciate bird flight.
* ave acuática = water bird.* ave carroñera = scavenger.* ave de caza = game bird.* ave del paraíso = bird of paradise.* ave de orilla = shorebird.* ave de paso = bird of passage.* ave de rapiña = raptor.* ave marina = sea bird.* ave migratoria = migratory bird.* ave nocturna = night owl, night owl.* ave pasajera = bird of passage.* ave rapaz = raptor.* aves acuáticas = waterfowl, fowl.* aves de corral = poultry.* aves y pájaros = bird life.* ave zancuda = wader, wading bird, shorebird.* cazador de aves = fowler.* cría de aves = poultry farming, aviculture, chicken farming.* criador de aves = aviculturist.* de la cría de aves = avicultural.* lugar donde las aves pasan la noche = roost.* observación de aves y pájaros = birdwatching [bird-watching], birding.* observador de aves y pájaros = birder, birdwatcher [bird-watcher].* relacionado con las aves = avian.* relativo a las aves = avian.* * *(= Alta Velocidad Española) high-speed train* * *
Multiple Entries:
AVE
ave
AVE sustantivo masculino (
ave feminine noun taking masculine article in the singular
bird;
ave de corral fowl;
ave de mal agüero bird of ill omen;
ave rapaz or de rapiña (Zool) bird of prey;
( persona) shark
AVE m Esp (abr de (tren de) alta velocidad español) high-speed train
' AVE' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
buche
- caldo
- cantor
- cantora
- chillar
- chillido
- copete
- deshuesar
- desplumar
- envergadura
- nacer
- P.º
- papo
- pechuga
- pelar
- peregrina
- peregrino
- picada
- picado
- pico
- picotear
- planear
- pluma
- plumaje
- rapaz
- rellena
- rellenar
- relleno
- remontar
- remontarse
- volar
- vuelo
- zancuda
- zancudo
- águila
- ala
- anilla
- Av.
- Avda.
- ave
- Avemaría
- carne
- cloaca
- depredador
- gallo
- guacamaya
- lapa
- molleja
- palomo
- papagayo
English:
Av
- Ave
- bird
- cock
- fowl
- Hail Mary
- leg
- migrant
- pluck
- poultry
- prey
- quill
- seabird
- shark
- soar
- swoop
- phoenix
- sea
- wader
* * *= Spanish high-speed trainAVEThe AVE is Spain's most modern train, and is designed to travel at speeds of over 300Km/h. It is a development of the French TGV, and Spanish, German and French companies are involved in its manufacture. It runs on a separate track from ordinary Spanish rolling stock, as the latter has a wider gauge than the European standard of the AVE track. The first AVE line was opened from Madrid to Seville to coincide with the Expo '92 in the latter city. The final section of the line from Madrid to Barcelona is under construction, and this will eventually extend to the French border. Further lines are being built and eventually it is intended that a single high-speed network will connect the cities of the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts via Madrid. These projects have given rise to a certain amount of controversy, and some have encountered problems, whether due to technical, geological or human factors.* * *m abr (= alta velocidad española) high speed train* * *ave nf1) : bird2)aves de corral : poultry3)ave rapaz orave de presa : bird of prey* * *ave n birdave rapaz / ave de rapiña bird of prey -
65 prepararse para
v.1 to get ready for, to gear up for, to make preparations for, to make provision for.Ella se prepara para la fiesta She gets ready for the party.2 to become fit for, to brace for.Ella se prepara para la carrera She becomes fit for the race.3 to prepare to, to get about to.Ella se prepara para viajar She prepares to travel.4 to be trained for.Se nos prepara para matar We are trained for killing.* * *= gear up for, ready + Reflexivo + to/for, saddle up for, brace for, get + ready toEx. Results show that the agencies are geared up for a one-way, top-down flow of information.Ex. Knowledge managers must ready themselves for dramatic changes and position all their services and activities carefully if they are to gain the full advantages of the technique.Ex. The article ' Saddle up for reading' describes a library reading and activity programme designed for children aged between 8 and 16 years.Ex. The Roman Catholic Church is bracing for a new public backlash after agreeing to participate for the first time in a television documentary series about the Inquisition.Ex. Residents are encouraged to get ready to make a splash, swim some laps, enjoy water aerobics or learn to swim at these facilities this summer.* * *= gear up for, ready + Reflexivo + to/for, saddle up for, brace for, get + ready toEx: Results show that the agencies are geared up for a one-way, top-down flow of information.
Ex: Knowledge managers must ready themselves for dramatic changes and position all their services and activities carefully if they are to gain the full advantages of the technique.Ex: The article ' Saddle up for reading' describes a library reading and activity programme designed for children aged between 8 and 16 years.Ex: The Roman Catholic Church is bracing for a new public backlash after agreeing to participate for the first time in a television documentary series about the Inquisition.Ex: Residents are encouraged to get ready to make a splash, swim some laps, enjoy water aerobics or learn to swim at these facilities this summer. -
66 peu
peu [pø]━━━━━━━━━1. adverb━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. <━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━a. ( = pas beaucoup) not muchb. ( = pas très) not veryc. ( = pas longtemps) shortlyd. ( = rarement) ils se voient peu they don't see each other very oftene. (locutions)• pour peu qu'il soit sorti sans sa clé... if he should have come out without his key...2. <3. <( = petite quantité) little━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► un peu se traduit souvent par l'expression a bit, qui est plus familière que a little ; de même, on peut dire a bit of au lieu de a little pour traduire un peu de.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• c'est un peu fort ! that's a bit much! (inf)• un peu de silence, s'il vous plaît ! can we have a bit of quiet please!► pour un peu• pour un peu, il m'aurait accusé he all but accused me* * *Note: Les emplois de peu avec avant, d'ici, depuis, sous sont traités respectivement sous chacun de ces motsIl sera également utile de se reporter à la note d'usage sur les quantitéspø
1.
1) ( modifiant un verbe) not muchil est aussi borné que son père et ce n'est pas peu dire! — (colloq) he's as narrow-minded as his father and that's saying a lot!
très peu pour moi! — (colloq) fig no thanks! (colloq)
2) ( modifiant un adjectif) not veryils se sentent très peu concernés par... — they feel quite unconcerned about...
2.
pronom indéfinipeu leur font confiance — few ou not many people trust them
3.
peu de déterminant indéfini1) ( avec un nom dénombrable)
4.
nom masculin1) ( petite quantité)le peu de — the little [confiance, liberté]; the few [livres, amis]
il a voulu montrer le peu d'importance qu'il attachait à l'affaire — he wanted to show how unimportant the matter was to him
2) ( manque)
5.
un peu locution adverbiale1) ( dans une mesure faible) a little, a bit‘elle aime le fromage?’ - ‘oui, pas qu'un peu (colloq)!’ — ‘does she like cheese?’ - ‘does she ever (colloq)!’
2) ( modifiant un adverbe) a little, a bitun peu moins de — slightly less [pluie]; slightly fewer [gens]
amène tes amis, un peu plus un peu moins... — bring your friends, another two or three people won't make much difference
‘il avait l'air un peu contrarié’ - ‘un peu beaucoup même (colloq)’ — ‘he looked a bit annoyed’ - ‘more than a bit’
3) ( emploi stylistique) justrépète un peu pour voir! — (colloq) you just try saying that again!
je vous demande un peu! — (colloq) I ask you!
il sait un peu (colloq) de quoi il parle — he does know what he's talking about
4) ( emploi par antiphrase) a little5) (colloq) ( pour renforcer une affirmation)il est un peu bien ton copain! — your boyfriend is a bit of all right (colloq) GB ou a good-looker! (colloq)
‘tu le ferais toi?’ - ‘un peu (que je le ferais)!’ — ‘would you do it?’ - ‘I sure would (colloq)!’
6.
peu à peu locution adverbiale gradually, little by little
7.
pour un peu locution adverbiale
8.
pour peu que locution conjonctive ifpour peu qu'il ait bu, il va nous raconter sa vie — if he's had anything at all to drink, he'll tell us his life story
* * *pø1. adv1) (modifiant un verbe) not muchIl boit peu. — He doesn't drink much.
Il voyage peu. — He doesn't travel much.
J'ai peu mangé à midi. — I didn't eat much for lunch.
2) (modifiant un adjectif) not veryIl est peu bavard. — He's not very talkative.
peu de (avec nom pluriel) — not many, few, (avec nom singulier) not a lot of, not much
peu de gens — not many people, few people
peu d'arbres — not many trees, few trees
Il y a peu de bons films au cinéma. — There aren't many good films on at the cinema.
Elle a peu d'amis. — She hasn't got many friends.
Il reste peu de lait. — There isn't much milk left., There isn't a lot of milk left.
Il a peu d'espoir. — He hasn't got much hope., He has little hope.
Il a peu d'espoir de réussir. — He doesn't have much hope of succeeding.
Il lui reste peu d'argent. — He hasn't got much money left.
c'est peu de chose — it's nothing, it's not much
à peu près — just about, more or less
J'ai à peu près fini. — I've just about finished., I've more or less finished.
à peu près 10 kg — about 10 kg, around 10 kg
à peu près deux heures — about two hours, around two hours
Le voyage prend à peu près deux heures. — The journey takes about two hours., The journey takes around two hours.
pour peu qu'il fasse — if he should do, if by any chance he does
depuis peu (au présent) — for a short while, for a little while
Je suis parisien depuis peu. — I've only been living in Paris for a short while., (au passé) a short while ago, a little while ago
Il est rentré depuis peu. — He came back a short while ago.
Chantal a manqué son train de peu. — Chantal only just missed her train.
Il est de peu mon cadet. — He's just a bit younger than me.
2. nm1)le peu de sable qui — what little sand, the little sand which
2)J'en voudrais un peu. — I'd like a little., (emploi adverbial, avec adjectif) a little, a bit
Elle est un peu timide. — She's a bit shy., She's a little shy.
un peu de — a little, a bit of
un peu de lait — a little milk, a bit of milk
un peu d'espoir — a little hope, a bit of hope
un peu plus de [vent, sucre, personnes, voitures] — slightly more
un peu moins de [vent, sucre] — slightly less, [personnes, voitures] slightly fewer
pour un peu il...; un peu plus et il... — he very nearly..., he all but...
3. pron* * *❢ Les emplois de peu avec avant, d'ici, depuis, sous sont traités respectivement sous chacun de ces mots. Il sera également utile de se reporter à la note d'usage sur les quantités ⇒ Les quantités.A adv1 ( modifiant un verbe) not much; il travaille/dort/parle peu he doesn't work/sleep/talk much; elle gagne assez peu she doesn't earn very much; elle gagne très/trop peu she earns very/too little; le radiateur chauffe peu the radiator doesn't give out much heat; je sors assez/très peu I don't go out very much/very much at all; je sais me contenter de peu I'm satisfied with very little; 40 euros/un demi-litre/1,50 m, c'est (bien) peu 40 euros/half a litreGB/1,50 m, that's not (very) much; 20 personnes, c'est peu 20 people, that's not many; dix minutes/deux mois ça fait peu ten minutes/two months, that's not long; deux semaines c'est trop peu two weeks isn't long enough; si peu que ce soit however little, no matter how little; tu ne vas pas t'en faire pour si peu you're not going to worry about such a little thing; je ne vais pas me casser la tête pour si peu I'm not going to rack my brains over such a little thing; il leur en faut peu pour pleurer/paniquer it doesn't take much to make them cry/panic; la catastrophe a été évitée de peu disaster was only just avoided; tu les as ratés de peu you've just missed them; il est mon aîné de peu he's slightly older than me; j'aime peu sa façon de dévisager les gens I don't much care for the way he stares at people; ça compte or importe peu it doesn't really matter; la cuisine n'est pas très bonne, et c'est peu dire the food isn't very good to say the least; il est aussi borné que son père et ce n'est pas peu dire○! he's as narrow-minded as his father and that's saying a lot!; un homme comme on en voit or fait○ peu the kind of man you don't often come across; très peu pour moi○! fig no thanks○!;2 ( modifiant un adjectif) not very; peu soigneux/ambitieux/fier not very tidy/ambitious/proud; il est très peu jaloux he's not at all jealous; c'est un endroit assez peu connu it's a relatively little-known spot; cet endroit trop peu connu des touristes this spot which is sadly little known to tourists; pour les personnes trop peu qualifiées for people who haven't got enough qualifications; ils se sentent très ou fort peu concernés par… they feel quite unconcerned about…; nous étions peu nombreux there weren't many of us; nous étions très/trop peu nombreux there were very/too few of us; un individu peu recommandable a disreputable character; elle n'est pas peu fière she's more than a little proud.B pron indéf peu lui font confiance few ou not many people trust him/her; il a écrit beaucoup de livres, peu lui survivront he has written many books, few will outlive him.C peu de dét indéf1 ( avec un nom dénombrable) peu de mots/d'occasions few words/opportunities;2 ( avec un nom non dénombrable) peu de temps/d'espoir little time/hope; en peu de temps in next to no time; j'ai peu de temps pour le faire I haven't got much time to do it; il y a peu de changement there's little change; il y a peu de bruit there's not much noise; il est tombé peu de neige/pluie cet hiver there hasn't been much snow/rain this winter; il a peu de patience he's not very patient; c'est peu de chose it's not much; cela représente peu de chose it stands for little; avec peu de chose elle a fait un repas délicieux with very little she made a delicious meal; on est bien peu de chose! we're so insignificant!; il y a peu de visiteurs/divergences there are few ou not many visitors/differences; très peu de personnes sont atteintes very few people are affected; en peu de mots/jours in a few words/days; je sais peu de choses sur lui I don't know much about him; il y a peu de chances qu'il accepte he's unlikely to accept; la proposition a peu de chances d'aboutir the proposal has little chance of getting through.D nm1 ( petite quantité) le peu de the little [importance, confiance, pluie, liberté]; the few [livres, souvenirs, amis]; il a oublié le peu d'anglais qu'il savait he's forgotten the ou what little English he knew; elle s'est fait voler le peu d'objets qu'il lui restait she was robbed of the few things she had left; je vais dépenser le peu d'argent qu'il me reste I'm going to spend the ou what little money I've got left; il a voulu montrer le peu d'importance qu'il attachait à l'affaire he wanted to show how unimportant the matter was to him; je leur ai dit le peu que je savais I told them the ou what little I knew; il a dépensé le peu qu'il lui restait he spent what little he had left;2 ( manque) le peu de the lack of; malgré le peu d'intérêt manifesté despite the lack of interest; j'ai remarqué ton peu d'enthousiasme I've noticed your lack of enthusiasm; ton peu d'appétit m'inquiète your lack of appetite is worrying me.E un peu loc adv1 ( dans une mesure faible) a little, a bit; mange un peu eat a little; cela m'inquiète/m'énerve/m'ennuie un peu it worries me/annoys me/bothers me a little ou a bit; ça m'agace plus qu'un peu○ it annoys me to say the least; le rôti est un peu brûlé the roast is a bit ou slightly burned; elle est un peu médium/poète○ she's a bit of a ou something of a medium/poet; tu ne serais pas un peu casse-cou? you're a bit of a daredevil, aren't you?; dors/attends/reste encore un peu sleep/wait/stay a little longer; ‘il a plu?’-‘pas qu'un peu○!’ ‘did it rain?’-‘did it ever○!’; ‘elle aime le fromage?’-‘oui, pas qu'un peu!’ ‘does she like cheese?’-‘does she ever○!’;2 ( modifiant un adverbe) a little, a bit; mange un peu plus/moins eat a bit more/less; parle un peu plus fort speak a little ou a bit louder; parle un peu moins fort keep your voice down; va un peu moins/plus vite go a bit slower/faster; il fait un peu moins froid qu'hier it's a little less cold than yesterday; il fait un peu plus froid qu'hier it's slightly ou a little colder than yesterday; un peu au-dessous/au-dessus de la moyenne slightly below/above average; elle se maquille un peu trop she wears a bit too much make-up; un peu plus de bruit/vent a bit more noise/wind; un peu plus de gens/problèmes a few more people/problems; un peu moins de slightly less [pluie, humour]; slightly fewer [gens, tableaux]; peux-tu me donner un tout petit peu plus de carottes can you give me just a few more carrots; amène tes amis, un peu plus un peu moins tu sais… bring your friends, another two or three people won't make much difference; donne-moi ton linge à laver, un peu plus un peu moins… give me your laundry, a bit more won't make any difference; ‘il avait l'air un peu contrarié’-‘un peu beaucoup même○’ ‘he looked a bit annoyed’-‘more than a bit’;3 ( emploi stylistique) just; arrête un peu de faire l'idiot! just stop behaving like an idiot!; répète un peu pour voir○! you just try saying that again!; vise un peu la perruque○! just look at the wig!; réfléchis un peu just think; je vous demande un peu○! I ask you!; il sait un peu de quoi il parle○ he does know what he's talking about;4 ( emploi par antiphrase) a little; tu ne serais pas un peu jaloux toi? aren't you just a little jealous?; ton histoire est un peu tirée par les cheveux your story is a little far-fetched to say the least; c'est un peu tard! it's a bit late!; tu exagères ou pousses○ un peu! you're pushing it a bit○!;5 ○( pour renforcer une affirmation) il est un peu bien ton copain! your boyfriend is a bit of all right○!; ‘tu le ferais toi?’-‘un peu (que je le ferais)!’ ‘would you do it?’-‘I sure would○!’; comme organisateur il se pose un peu là! as an organizer he's great!F peu à peu loc adv gradually, little by little; les nuages se dissiperont peu à peu the clouds will gradually clear.G pour un peu loc adv very nearly; pour un peu ils se seraient battus they very nearly had a fight; pour un peu il m'aurait insulté! he very nearly insulted me!H pour peu que loc conj if; pour peu qu'il ait bu, il va nous raconter sa vie if he's had anything at all to drink, he'll tell us his life story.[pø] adverbeA.[EMPLOYÉ SEUL]il mange/parle peu he doesn't eat/talk muchil vient très peu he comes very rarely, he very seldom comes2. [modifiant un adjectif, un adverbe etc] not verypeu après soon after, shortly ou not long afterB.[EMPLOI NOMINAL]1. (avec déterminant) [indiquant la faible quantité]il a raté son examen de peu (familier) he just failed his exam, he failed his exam by a hair's breadthc'est peu (que) de le dire, encore faut-il le faire! that's easier said than done!c'est peu dire that's an understatement, that's putting it mildly2. [dans le temps]ils sont partis il y a peu they left a short while ago, they haven't long leftd'ici peu very soon, before longje travaille ici depuis peu I've only been working here for a while, I haven't been working here long3. [quelques personnes] a few (people)C.[PRÉCÉDÉ DE 'UN']1. [modifiant un verbe]un peu a little, a bitje le connais un peu I know him a little ou a bitpose-lui un peu la question, et tu verras! just ask him, and you'll see!fais voir un peu... let me have a look...un peu que je vais lui dire ce que je pense! (familier) I'll give him a piece of my mind, don't you worry (about that)!2. [modifiant un adjectif, un adverbe etc]un peu a little, a bitun peu partout just about ou pretty much everywhereun peu plus a little ou bit morea. [suivi d'un nom comptable] a few moreb. [suivi d'un nom non comptable] a little (bit) moreun peu moins a little ou bit lessa. [suivi d'un nom comptable] slightly fewer, not so manyb. [suivi d'un nom non comptable] a little (bit) lessun peu trop a little ou bit too (much)un peu plus et on se serait cru au bord de la mer you could almost imagine that you were at the seasideun peu plus, et je partais I was just about to leavepeu à peu locution adverbialeon s'habitue, peu à peu you get used to things, bit by bit ou gradually————————peu de locution déterminantepeu de temps avant/après not long before/afterj'ai peu d'amis I have few friends, I don't have many friends2. [avec un déterminant]a. [suivi d'un nom comptable] the ou what fewb. [suivi d'un nom non comptable] the ou what littlele peu de connaissances que j'ai the ou what few acquaintances I havele peu de fois où je l'ai vu on the few ou rare occasions when I've seen himavec ce peu de matériel/d'idées with such limited material/ideaspeu ou prou locution adverbiale————————pour peu que locution conjonctivepour peu qu'il le veuille, il réussira if he wants to, he'll succeedpour un peu locution adverbialepour un peu, j'oubliais mes clés I nearly forgot my keys————————quelque peu locution adverbiale1. [modifiant un verbe] just a littleil était quelque peu éméché he was somewhat ou rather tipsy————————quelque peu de locution déterminante————————si peu que locution conjonctivesi peu que j'y aille, j'apprécie toujours beaucoup l'opéra although I don't go very often, I always like the opera very much————————si peu... que locution conjonctive————————sous peu locution adverbialevous recevrez sous peu les résultats de vos analyses you will receive the results of your tests in a short while————————un peu de locution déterminanteprends un peu de gâteau have a little ou some cakeavec un peu de chance... with a little luck...allons, un peu de patience! come on, let's be patient!avec un (tout) petit peu de bonne volonté... with (just) a little willingness...tu l'as quitté par dépit? — il y a un petit peu de ça so you left him in a fit of pique? — that was partly it ou that was part of the reason -
67 primo
1. adj firstprimo piano m first floorin prima visione film just out2. m, prima f firstai primi del mese at the beginning of the monthsulle prime in the beginning, at first3. m gastronomy first course, starter* * *primo agg.num.ord.1 first: il primo mese dell'anno, giorno della settimana, the first month of the year, day of the week; è il suo primo figlio, he's her first son; il suo primo libro è stato un successo, his first book was a success; è sul primo scaffale a destra, it's on the first shelf on the right; è sul primo scaffale in alto, in basso, it's on the top, the bottom shelf // Atto I, Scena II, Act one, Scene two // Carlo primo, Elisabetta prima, re Enrico primo, Charles the First, Elizabeth the First, King Henry the First // di prima mano, firsthand // di prim'ordine, first-class (o first-rate): un mascalzone di prim'ordine, a first-class scoundrel // un diamante, una perla di prim'acqua, di prima purezza, a diamond, a pearl of the first water // in primo luogo, in the first place (o first of all) // in un primo tempo, at first // per prima cosa, first thing: fallo per prima cosa domani, do it first thing tomorrow; per prima cosa gli ho chiesto..., first I asked him... // sulle prime, at first // è la prima e l'ultima volta che ti do retta, this is the first and last time I'll pay attention to you2 ( principale, più importante) chief, principal, main; ( migliore) best: i primi cittadini del paese, the leading (o first) citizens of the country; appartiene a una delle prime famiglie della città, he belongs to one of the most prominent families in town; è uno dei primi ristoranti, it's one of the best restaurants; ecco la ragione prima per cui non vengo, that's the main (o chief o principal) reason why I don't come // (teatr.): prima donna, leading lady; ( d'opera) prima donna; prima parte, lead; leading rôle (anche fig.) // primo violino, violoncello, first violin (o leader), first cello // Primo Ministro, Prime Minister (o Premier)3 ( iniziale; più lontano nel tempo) early, first: i primi Cristiani, the early Christians; i primi giorni della rivoluzione, the early days of the revolution; la prima infanzia, giovinezza, early childhood, youth; le prime leggende, the earliest (o first) legends; le prime ore del mattino, the early hours of the morning; la prima parte dell'anno, del secolo, the early part of the year, of the century; fin dalla sua prima infanzia, from a very early age; nei primi mesi dell'anno, in the early months of the year; i nostri primi poeti, our early poets; uno dei primi Vittoriani, an early Victorian // di primo mattino, pomeriggio, early in the morning, in the afternoon4 ( prossimo) next: glielo porterò la prima volta che andrò da lui, I'll take it to him the next time I go to his house; ho perso il treno delle dieci; prenderò il primo treno in partenza, I have missed the ten o'clock train; I'll get the next one.primo s.m.1 ( primo di una graduatoria o serie) first: chi è arrivato ( per) primo?, who arrived first?; chi è il primo?, who is first?; ti riceverò per primo domani, I'll see you first tomorrow // primo venuto, just anybody: non si deve accordare fiducia al primo venuto, you can't trust just anybody (o strangers); non sono il primo venuto, I'm not just anybody (o a stranger) // il primo che capita, (just) anyone; lo venderò al primo che capita, I'll sell it to the first person who comes along2 (il primo citato, nominato) ( tra due) the former; ( tra molti) the first: Piero e Giovanni sono amici; il primo è avvocato, il secondo dottore, Peter and John are friends; the former is a lawyer, the latter is a doctor; ''Preferisci Virgilio, Orazio o Lucrezio?'' ''Preferisco il primo'', ''Do you prefer Virgil, Horace or Lucretius?'' ''I prefer the first''3 ( più importante; migliore) the best; the top: è dei primi, he is one of the best; essere il primo della classe, to be top of the form4 ( il primo giorno) the first; pl. first days: il primo di febbraio, di marzo, 1st February, 1st March; ci rivedremo ai primi di dicembre, we'll meet again at the beginning of December; il pagamento va effettuato entro i primi di aprile, payment is due within the first days of April // ai primi dell'Ottocento, in the early nineteenth century5 ( primo piatto) first course: prendo solo un primo, I'll just have a first course; come primi oggi abbiamo..., the first course today includes...6 ( minuto primo) minute: 2 ore, 20 primi e 10 secondi, two hours, twenty minutes and ten seconds.primo avv. first: quell'appartamento non mi piace, primo perché è troppo grande e poi perché è rumoroso, I don't like that flat, first because it's too big and then because it's noisy.* * *['primo] primo (-a)1. aggin prima pagina Stampa; i suoi primi quadri — his early paintings
2) (in un ordine) firstessere primo in classifica — (squadra) to be top of the league, (disco) to be number one in the charts
sul primo scaffale in alto/in basso — on the top/bottom shelf
di prim'ordine o prima qualità — first-class, first-rate
3) (prossimo) first, nextprendi la prima (strada) a destra — take the first o next (street) on the right
4) (principale) main, principal5)per prima cosa — firstlyin primo luogo — in the first place, first of all
in un primo tempo o momento — at first
2. sm/f3. sm(gen) first, (piano) first floor Brit, second floor Am, Culin first course* * *['primo] 1.1) (in una serie, in un gruppo) first; (tra due) formerle -e tre pagine — the first three pages, the three first pages
"libro primo" — "book one"
arrivare primo — (in una gara) to come (in) o finish first
il primo esercizio è semplice, il secondo è complesso — the former exercise is simple, the latter is complex
- a pagina — front page
2) (nel tempo) earlynel primo pomeriggio — in the early afternoon, early in the afternoon
un Picasso -a maniera — an early Picasso, an example of Picasso's early work
3) (prossimo) first, nextprendere il primo treno, volo — to leave on the first train, flight
5) ling.-a persona singolare, plurale — first person singular, plural
7) telev.8) in primo luogo to begin with, firstly, in the first instance o place9) sulle prime at first, initially10) in primo piano in the foreground2.mettere qcs. in primo piano — to bring sth. to the fore, to foreground sth., to bring sth. into sharp focus
sostantivo maschile (f. -a)1) (in una successione) first; (tra due) formerfu tra i -i ad arrivare — he was one of o among the first to arrive
il primo dei miei figli — (tra due) my elder son; (tra più di due) my eldest son
2) (in una classifica) first3) (giorno iniziale) firstai — -
4) (minuto primo) minute5) (prima portata) first course6) telev. (canale) channel one7) per primo first3.avverbio firstci sono due ragioni: primo... — there are two reasons: first...
non ci andrò, primo perché non ho tempo e poi perché non ho voglia — I'm not going first because I'm busy and then because I don't feel like it
primo attore — teatr. principal
primo ministro — prime minister, premier
primo violino — first o lead violin
* * *primo/'primo/ ⇒ 261 (in una serie, in un gruppo) first; (tra due) former; le -e tre pagine the first three pages, the three first pages; i -i gradini della scala the first few steps of the stairs; "libro primo" "book one"; arrivare primo (in una gara) to come (in) o finish first; essere tra i -i tre to be in the top three; il primo esercizio è semplice, il secondo è complesso the former exercise is simple, the latter is complex; per la -a volta for the first time; non era la -a volta che lo avvertivo che I warned him not for the first time; lo incontrai a Oxford per la -a volta I first met him in Oxford; per -a cosa domani telefono I'll ring first thing tomorrow; - a pagina front page; finire in -a pagina to hit the headlines; essere una notizia da -a pagina to be front page news2 (nel tempo) early; nel primo pomeriggio in the early afternoon, early in the afternoon; i -i romanzi dell'autore the author's early novels; un Picasso -a maniera an early Picasso, an example of Picasso's early work; nei -i tempi andava tutto bene at first things went well; nei -i anni '60 in the early 60's3 (prossimo) first, next; scendere alla -a fermata to get off at the next stop; prendere il primo treno, volo to leave on the first train, flight4 (per superiorità) il primo produttore mondiale di vino the world leading wine producer5 ling. -a persona singolare, plurale first person singular, plural6 (nelle parentele) cugino primo first cousin7 telev. il primo canale channel one8 in primo luogo to begin with, firstly, in the first instance o place; in primo luogo non avrei dovuto dirglielo I wish I hadn't told her to begin with9 sulle prime at first, initially10 in primo piano in the foreground; mettere qcs. in primo piano to bring sth. to the fore, to foreground sth., to bring sth. into sharp focus(f. -a)1 (in una successione) first; (tra due) former; sei il primo a dirmelo you are the first to tell me; fu tra i -i ad arrivare he was one of o among the first to arrive; preferisco il primo I prefer the first one; il primo dei miei figli (tra due) my elder son; (tra più di due) my eldest son2 (in una classifica) first; essere il primo della classe to be top of the class3 (giorno iniziale) first; il primo (di) maggio the first of May; ai- i del mese at the beginning of the month; il primo dell'anno New Year's Day4 (minuto primo) minute5 (prima portata) first course6 telev. (canale) channel one7 per primo first; arrivare per primo to get there firstIII avverbiofirst; ci sono due ragioni: primo... there are two reasons: first...; non ci andrò, primo perché non ho tempo e poi perché non ho voglia I'm not going first because I'm busy and then because I don't feel like itprimo attore teatr. principal; primo ballerino principal dancer; - a comunione First Communion; primo ministro prime minister, premier; primo violino first o lead violin. -
68 Leben
I v/i1. (am Leben sein) live; (nicht tot sein) be alive; man lebt nur einmal you only have one life to live, you only live once; lebt er noch? is he still alive?; er wird nicht mehr lange leben he hasn’t got much longer to live, his days are numbered; so wahr ich lebe! I swear it; lebst du noch? umg., hum., iro. well, hello stranger; ich habe alles, was ich zum Leben brauche I have all I need to keep body and soul together; wir leben nicht mehr im 19. Jahrhundert iro. this isn’t the 19th century(, you know); wie gehts? - man lebt ( so eben) umg. how are things? - surviving2. eine bestimmte Lebensweise haben: leben von (Nahrung) live on ( oder off); (Tätigkeit etc.) live from ( oder off), make a living with ( oder by + Ger.), (Verdienst, Rente) live on; vegetarisch leben be a vegetarian; makrobiotisch leben live on macrobiotic food(s); gesund / ungesund leben lead a healthy / an unhealthy life; in gesunden/ungesunden Verhältnissen: live in healthy / unhealthy conditions; sie leben ganz gut they don’t do too badly (for themselves); nach einem Grundsatz leben live in accordance with a principle, stick to a principle; leben und leben lassen live and let live; sie lebt nur für ihre Kunst she only lives for her art3. (wohnen) live; wie lange leben Sie schon hier? how long have you been living here?; ich träume davon, in Neuseeland zu leben my dream is to (go and) live in New Zealand4. fig., Andenken etc.: live on; die Statue lebt the statue is very ( oder so) lifelike; das Stück lebt nicht there’s no life in the play5. es lebe...! three cheers for...!; es lebe der König / die Königin! long live the King / Queen!; leben Sie wohl farewell; Tag1 4 etc.6. unpers.: es lebt sich ganz angenehm / bequem etc. life’s quite pleasant / comfortable etc.; hier lebt es sich gut it’s not a bad life here, life’s not bad hereII v/t: ein angenehmes / bequemes etc. Leben leben lead a pleasant / comfortable etc. life, have a pleasant / comfortable ( oder an easy) etc. lifestyle; sein Leben noch einmal leben live one’s life (over) again; sein eigenes Leben leben lead an independent life, go one’s own way; seinen Glauben leben geh. live according to one’s faith ( oder beliefs)* * *das Lebenexistence; life; lifetime* * *Le|ben ['leːbn]nt -s, -1) lifedas Lében — life
am Lében sein/bleiben — to be/stay alive
das Lében als Milchmann — life as a milkman, a milkman's life
das Lében Hemingways — Hemingway's life, the life of Hemingway
haben — to have one's life ahead of or in front of or before/behind one
solange ich am Lében bin — as long as I live
sich des Lébens freuen, das or sein Lében genießen — to enjoy life
das or sein Lében verlieren — to lose one's life
jdm das Lében retten — to save sb's life
es geht um Lében und Tod, es ist eine Sache auf Lében und Tod — it's a matter of life and death
wenn dir dein Lében lieb ist — if you value your life
ein glückliches etc Lében führen — to lead a happy etc life
mit dem Lében davonkommen — to escape with one's life
mit dem Lében spielen, sein Lében aufs Spiel setzen — to take one's life in one's hands, to dice with death
mit dem Lében abschließen — to prepare for death
seinem Lében ein Ende machen or bereiten — to put an end to one's life
zu neuem Lében verhelfen — to breathe new life into sth, to revitalize sth
etw ins Lében rufen — to bring sth into being
or befördern (inf) — to kill sb, to take sb's life, to take care of sb (inf); (bei Hinrichtung auch) to put sb to death
seines Lébens nicht mehr sicher sein — to fear for one's life
ums Lében kommen — to die, to lose one's life
sein Lében lassen (müssen) — to lose one's life
jdn am Lében lassen — to spare sb's life
um sein Lében laufen or rennen — to run for one's life or for dear life
das Lében nehmen — to take one's (own) life
jdn wieder ins Lében zurückrufen — to bring sb back to life; Bewusstlosen to revive sb, to bring sb round (Brit) or around (US)
was ist das für ein Lében? — what kind of (a) life is that?
der Mann/die Frau meines Lébens — my ideal man/woman
etw für sein Lében gern tun — to love doing sth, to be mad about doing sth (inf)
etw für sein Lében gern essen/trinken — to be mad about sth (inf), to love sth
jdn künstlich am Lében erhalten — to keep sb alive artificially
ein Lében in Frieden/in Armut etc — a life of peace/poverty etc
er hat es nie leicht gehabt im Lében — he has never had an easy life
ein Lében lang — one's whole life (long)
zum ersten Mal or das erste Mal im Lében — for the first time in one's life
ich habe noch nie im or in meinem Lében geraucht — I have never smoked (in) all my life or in my whole life
nie im Lében! — never!
sich durchs Lében schlagen — to struggle through (life)
ins Lében treten — to go out into the world
im Lében stehen — to have some standing in the world
ein Roman, den das Lében schrieb — a novel of real life
ein Film nach dem Lében — a film from real life
das Lében geht weiter — life goes on
unser Lében währet siebenzig Jahr... (Bibl) — the days of our years are three score years and ten (Bibl)
2) (= Betriebsamkeit) lifeauf dem Markt herrscht reges Lében — the market is a hive of activity
in dieser Stadt ist wenigstens Lében — at least there is some life in this town
bringen (inf) — to liven or brighten sth up
voller Lében stecken — to be full of life
es war überhaupt kein Lében in seinem Vortrag — there wasn't a spark of life in his lecture
See:→ Bude* * *1) (living and not dead: Queen Victoria was still alive in 1900.) alive2) ((a way of) life: an uneventful existence.) existence3) (to stay alive; to continue to live: It is possible to exist on bread and water.) exist4) (the quality belonging to plants and animals which distinguishes them from rocks, minerals etc and things which are dead: Doctors are fighting to save the child's life.) life5) (the period between birth and death: He had a long and happy life.) life6) (liveliness: She was full of life and energy.) life7) (a manner of living: She lived a life of ease and idleness.) life8) (the period during which any particular state exists: He had many different jobs during his working life.) life9) (living things: It is now believed that there may be life on Mars; animal life.) life10) (to have life; to be alive: This poison is dangerous to everything that lives.) live11) (to pass (one's life): He lived a life of luxury; She lives in fear of being attacked.) live* * *Le·ben<-s, ->[ˈle:bn̩]nt1. (Lebendigsein) lifeetw mit dem [o seinem] \Leben bezahlen (geh) to pay for sth with one's lifeam \Leben bleiben/sein to remain [or stay]/be alivesolange er am Leben ist, wird das Haus nicht verkauft as long as he lives the house won't be soldjdn ums \Leben bringen (geh) to take sb's lifemit dem \Leben davonkommen to escape with one's lifejdn [künstlich] am \Leben erhalten to keep sb alive [artificially][bei etw dat/während einer S. gen] ums \Leben kommen to die [in sth/during sth], to lose one's life [in sth/during sth]jdn das \Leben kosten (geh) to cost sb his/her lifesein \Leben [für jdn/etw] lassen (geh) to give one's life [for sb/sth]jdn am \Leben lassen to let sb liveum sein \Leben laufen [o rennen] to run for one's lifejdm das \Leben schenken (geh: jdn gebären) to give birth to sb; (jdn am Leben lassen) to let sb livemit seinem \Leben spielen to put one's life at riskjdn ins \Leben zurückrufen to revive sb2. (Existieren) lifedas ewige \Leben eternal lifedas \Leben geht weiter life goes onsein \Leben genießen/verpfuschen to enjoy/ruin one's lifeam \Leben hängen to love lifedas [o sein] \Leben hinter sich dat haben to have one's life behind one, to have had one's innings famnie im \Leben [o im \Leben nicht] neverjdm/sich das \Leben schwer machen to make life difficult for sb/oneselfso ist das \Leben [eben] that's life, such is lifezeit jds \Lebens as long as sb livesich war zeit meines \Lebens noch nie beim Arzt I have never consulted a doctor in all my life3. (Alltag, Lebensweise) lifeein \Leben in Armut/im Luxus a life of poverty/luxuryein geruhsames/hektisches \Leben führen to lead a quiet/hectic lifedas \Leben Picassos Picasso's life, the life of Picassodas süße \Leben the life of Riley famdas tägliche \Leben everyday lifedas wirkliche \Leben real lifedas \Leben zu zweit life as a couple4. (Lebewesen) lifees gibt kein \Leben auf jenem Planeten there's no life on that planetetw ins \Leben rufen to found [or establish] sthdas öffentliche \Leben public lifeeine Figur [o Person] des öffentlichen \Lebens a public figure6. (Lebhaftigkeit) lifeder Roman ist ohne \Leben there is no life in the novelvoller \Leben sein to be full of life7. (Lebensinhalt) lifeihr Garten war ihr \Leben her garden was her life8.▶ seines \Lebens nicht mehr froh werden to have a rotten life▶ aus dem Leben gegriffen sein to be a slice of life▶ es geht um [o ist eine Sache auf] \Leben und Tod it's a matter of life and death▶ etw für sein \Leben gern tun to love doing sthich esse für mein \Leben gern Schokolade I love chocolateich würde für mein \Leben gern verreisen I'd love to travel▶ jdm das \Leben zur Hölle machen to make sb's life hell▶ wenn dir dein \Leben lieb ist if your life means sth to you▶ das nackte \Leben retten [o mit dem nackten \Leben davonkommen] to barely escape with one's life▶ ein Roman den/ein Stück das das \Leben schrieb a novel/a play of real life▶ jds \Leben steht auf dem Spiel sb's life is at risk▶ jdm nach dem \Leben trachten to be out to kill sb* * *das; Lebens, Leben1) lifeam Leben sein/bleiben — be/stay alive
seines Lebens nicht [mehr] sicher sein — not be safe [any more]
etwas für sein Leben gern essen/tun — love something/doing something
mit dem Leben davonkommen/das nackte Leben retten — escape/barely escape with one's life
ein/sein [ganzes] Leben lang — one's whole life long
noch nie im Leben/zum erstenmal im Leben — never in/for the first time in one's life
mit beiden Beinen od. Füßen im Leben stehen — have one's feet firmly on the ground
nie im Leben, im Leben nicht! — (ugs.) not on your life! (coll.); never in your life! (coll.)
so ist das Leben — such is life; that's the way things go
die Musik ist ihr Leben — music is her [whole] life
* * *so ist das Leben (nun einmal) that’s life, such is life; umg that’s the way the cookie crumbles;am Leben sein be alive;am Leben bleiben stay alive, survive;mit dem Leben davonkommen survive, escape;am Leben erhalten keep alive;er hängt am Leben he really enjoys life, Todkranker: he’s not ready to die yet;sein Leben teuer verkaufen sell one’s life dearly;jemandem das Leben schenken spare sb’s life;einem Kind das Leben schenken geh bring a child into the world;Leben spendend geh life-giving;Leben zerstörend geh life-destroying;sich (dat)das Leben nehmen take one’s (own) life;setzen put an end to one’s life;ums Leben kommen be killed;es geht um Leben und Tod it’s a matter of life and death;rennen run for dear life2. (Lebenszeit) life(time);das Leben vor/hinter sich (dat)haben have one’s whole life ahead of one/have done with life;mein ganzes Leben (lang) all my life;das Geschäft meines/seines etcLebens the best deal I have/he has etc ever done, the deal of a lifetimedas Leben in Australien life in Australia;ein Leben in Armut/im Überfluss a life of poverty/luxury;das einfache Leben the simple life;das süße Leben la dolce vita;das Leben genießen enjoy life;das Leben ist schon schwer it’s a hard life;jemandem das Leben sauer machen make sb’s life a misery;sich mühsam durchs Leben schlagen have a hard struggle through life;das Stück ist aus dem Leben gegriffen the play is a slice of life;ein Stück nach dem Leben a play taken from real life, a slice of life4. (Lebenskraft, Lebendigkeit) life, vitality; (geschäftiges Treiben) activity, bustle; im Gesichtsausdruck: animation;Leben in eine Sache bringen put some life into sth;Leben in die Bude bringen umg liven things up;das Stück hat kein Leben the play lacks vitality, there’s no life in the play;5. (Lebensbeschreibung) life, biography;Leben des Galilei Titel: The Life of Galileo;aus seinem Leben erzählen recount stories from one’s life;Leben und Werk großer Künstler the lives and works of great artists6. (Geschehen) life;das wirtschaftliche/kulturelle Leben einer Stadt the business/cultural life of a town;im öffentlichen Leben stehen be active in public life7. (Lebewesen pl) life;auf dem Mond ist kein Leben there’s no life on the moon8. in Wendungen:etwas für sein Leben gern tun love doing sth;ich würde für mein Leben gern dorthin fahren I’d give anything to go there, I’d love to go there;je im Leben ever;ins Leben rufen call into being, start (up);ins Leben treten step into the big, wide world;wie das Leben so spielt life is full of surprises;nicht ums Leben möchte ich das: not for anything (in the world); → abschließen B 2, blühend, erwecken 2, ewig A, froh, lassen C 6; nackt, passieren B, trachten etc* * *das; Lebens, Leben1) lifesich (Dat.) das Leben nehmen — take one's [own] life
am Leben sein/bleiben — be/stay alive
seines Lebens nicht [mehr] sicher sein — not be safe [any more]
etwas für sein Leben gern essen/tun — love something/doing something
mit dem Leben davonkommen/das nackte Leben retten — escape/barely escape with one's life
ein/sein [ganzes] Leben lang — one's whole life long
noch nie im Leben/zum erstenmal im Leben — never in/for the first time in one's life
mit beiden Beinen od. Füßen im Leben stehen — have one's feet firmly on the ground
nie im Leben, im Leben nicht! — (ugs.) not on your life! (coll.); never in your life! (coll.)
so ist das Leben — such is life; that's the way things go
die Musik ist ihr Leben — music is her [whole] life
* * *existence n.life n.(§ pl.: lives)lifetime n.livings n. -
69 leben
I v/i1. (am Leben sein) live; (nicht tot sein) be alive; man lebt nur einmal you only have one life to live, you only live once; lebt er noch? is he still alive?; er wird nicht mehr lange leben he hasn’t got much longer to live, his days are numbered; so wahr ich lebe! I swear it; lebst du noch? umg., hum., iro. well, hello stranger; ich habe alles, was ich zum Leben brauche I have all I need to keep body and soul together; wir leben nicht mehr im 19. Jahrhundert iro. this isn’t the 19th century(, you know); wie gehts? - man lebt ( so eben) umg. how are things? - surviving2. eine bestimmte Lebensweise haben: leben von (Nahrung) live on ( oder off); (Tätigkeit etc.) live from ( oder off), make a living with ( oder by + Ger.), (Verdienst, Rente) live on; vegetarisch leben be a vegetarian; makrobiotisch leben live on macrobiotic food(s); gesund / ungesund leben lead a healthy / an unhealthy life; in gesunden/ungesunden Verhältnissen: live in healthy / unhealthy conditions; sie leben ganz gut they don’t do too badly (for themselves); nach einem Grundsatz leben live in accordance with a principle, stick to a principle; leben und leben lassen live and let live; sie lebt nur für ihre Kunst she only lives for her art3. (wohnen) live; wie lange leben Sie schon hier? how long have you been living here?; ich träume davon, in Neuseeland zu leben my dream is to (go and) live in New Zealand4. fig., Andenken etc.: live on; die Statue lebt the statue is very ( oder so) lifelike; das Stück lebt nicht there’s no life in the play5. es lebe...! three cheers for...!; es lebe der König / die Königin! long live the King / Queen!; leben Sie wohl farewell; Tag1 4 etc.6. unpers.: es lebt sich ganz angenehm / bequem etc. life’s quite pleasant / comfortable etc.; hier lebt es sich gut it’s not a bad life here, life’s not bad hereII v/t: ein angenehmes / bequemes etc. Leben leben lead a pleasant / comfortable etc. life, have a pleasant / comfortable ( oder an easy) etc. lifestyle; sein Leben noch einmal leben live one’s life (over) again; sein eigenes Leben leben lead an independent life, go one’s own way; seinen Glauben leben geh. live according to one’s faith ( oder beliefs)* * *das Lebenexistence; life; lifetime* * *Le|ben ['leːbn]nt -s, -1) lifedas Lében — life
am Lében sein/bleiben — to be/stay alive
das Lében als Milchmann — life as a milkman, a milkman's life
das Lében Hemingways — Hemingway's life, the life of Hemingway
haben — to have one's life ahead of or in front of or before/behind one
solange ich am Lében bin — as long as I live
sich des Lébens freuen, das or sein Lében genießen — to enjoy life
das or sein Lében verlieren — to lose one's life
jdm das Lében retten — to save sb's life
es geht um Lében und Tod, es ist eine Sache auf Lében und Tod — it's a matter of life and death
wenn dir dein Lében lieb ist — if you value your life
ein glückliches etc Lében führen — to lead a happy etc life
mit dem Lében davonkommen — to escape with one's life
mit dem Lében spielen, sein Lében aufs Spiel setzen — to take one's life in one's hands, to dice with death
mit dem Lében abschließen — to prepare for death
seinem Lében ein Ende machen or bereiten — to put an end to one's life
zu neuem Lében verhelfen — to breathe new life into sth, to revitalize sth
etw ins Lében rufen — to bring sth into being
or befördern (inf) — to kill sb, to take sb's life, to take care of sb (inf); (bei Hinrichtung auch) to put sb to death
seines Lébens nicht mehr sicher sein — to fear for one's life
ums Lében kommen — to die, to lose one's life
sein Lében lassen (müssen) — to lose one's life
jdn am Lében lassen — to spare sb's life
um sein Lében laufen or rennen — to run for one's life or for dear life
das Lében nehmen — to take one's (own) life
jdn wieder ins Lében zurückrufen — to bring sb back to life; Bewusstlosen to revive sb, to bring sb round (Brit) or around (US)
was ist das für ein Lében? — what kind of (a) life is that?
der Mann/die Frau meines Lébens — my ideal man/woman
etw für sein Lében gern tun — to love doing sth, to be mad about doing sth (inf)
etw für sein Lében gern essen/trinken — to be mad about sth (inf), to love sth
jdn künstlich am Lében erhalten — to keep sb alive artificially
ein Lében in Frieden/in Armut etc — a life of peace/poverty etc
er hat es nie leicht gehabt im Lében — he has never had an easy life
ein Lében lang — one's whole life (long)
zum ersten Mal or das erste Mal im Lében — for the first time in one's life
ich habe noch nie im or in meinem Lében geraucht — I have never smoked (in) all my life or in my whole life
nie im Lében! — never!
sich durchs Lében schlagen — to struggle through (life)
ins Lében treten — to go out into the world
im Lében stehen — to have some standing in the world
ein Roman, den das Lében schrieb — a novel of real life
ein Film nach dem Lében — a film from real life
das Lében geht weiter — life goes on
unser Lében währet siebenzig Jahr... (Bibl) — the days of our years are three score years and ten (Bibl)
2) (= Betriebsamkeit) lifeauf dem Markt herrscht reges Lében — the market is a hive of activity
in dieser Stadt ist wenigstens Lében — at least there is some life in this town
bringen (inf) — to liven or brighten sth up
voller Lében stecken — to be full of life
es war überhaupt kein Lében in seinem Vortrag — there wasn't a spark of life in his lecture
See:→ Bude* * *1) (living and not dead: Queen Victoria was still alive in 1900.) alive2) ((a way of) life: an uneventful existence.) existence3) (to stay alive; to continue to live: It is possible to exist on bread and water.) exist4) (the quality belonging to plants and animals which distinguishes them from rocks, minerals etc and things which are dead: Doctors are fighting to save the child's life.) life5) (the period between birth and death: He had a long and happy life.) life6) (liveliness: She was full of life and energy.) life7) (a manner of living: She lived a life of ease and idleness.) life8) (the period during which any particular state exists: He had many different jobs during his working life.) life9) (living things: It is now believed that there may be life on Mars; animal life.) life10) (to have life; to be alive: This poison is dangerous to everything that lives.) live11) (to pass (one's life): He lived a life of luxury; She lives in fear of being attacked.) live* * *Le·ben<-s, ->[ˈle:bn̩]nt1. (Lebendigsein) lifeetw mit dem [o seinem] \Leben bezahlen (geh) to pay for sth with one's lifeam \Leben bleiben/sein to remain [or stay]/be alivesolange er am Leben ist, wird das Haus nicht verkauft as long as he lives the house won't be soldjdn ums \Leben bringen (geh) to take sb's lifemit dem \Leben davonkommen to escape with one's lifejdn [künstlich] am \Leben erhalten to keep sb alive [artificially][bei etw dat/während einer S. gen] ums \Leben kommen to die [in sth/during sth], to lose one's life [in sth/during sth]jdn das \Leben kosten (geh) to cost sb his/her lifesein \Leben [für jdn/etw] lassen (geh) to give one's life [for sb/sth]jdn am \Leben lassen to let sb liveum sein \Leben laufen [o rennen] to run for one's lifejdm das \Leben schenken (geh: jdn gebären) to give birth to sb; (jdn am Leben lassen) to let sb livemit seinem \Leben spielen to put one's life at riskjdn ins \Leben zurückrufen to revive sb2. (Existieren) lifedas ewige \Leben eternal lifedas \Leben geht weiter life goes onsein \Leben genießen/verpfuschen to enjoy/ruin one's lifeam \Leben hängen to love lifedas [o sein] \Leben hinter sich dat haben to have one's life behind one, to have had one's innings famnie im \Leben [o im \Leben nicht] neverjdm/sich das \Leben schwer machen to make life difficult for sb/oneselfso ist das \Leben [eben] that's life, such is lifezeit jds \Lebens as long as sb livesich war zeit meines \Lebens noch nie beim Arzt I have never consulted a doctor in all my life3. (Alltag, Lebensweise) lifeein \Leben in Armut/im Luxus a life of poverty/luxuryein geruhsames/hektisches \Leben führen to lead a quiet/hectic lifedas \Leben Picassos Picasso's life, the life of Picassodas süße \Leben the life of Riley famdas tägliche \Leben everyday lifedas wirkliche \Leben real lifedas \Leben zu zweit life as a couple4. (Lebewesen) lifees gibt kein \Leben auf jenem Planeten there's no life on that planetetw ins \Leben rufen to found [or establish] sthdas öffentliche \Leben public lifeeine Figur [o Person] des öffentlichen \Lebens a public figure6. (Lebhaftigkeit) lifeder Roman ist ohne \Leben there is no life in the novelvoller \Leben sein to be full of life7. (Lebensinhalt) lifeihr Garten war ihr \Leben her garden was her life8.▶ seines \Lebens nicht mehr froh werden to have a rotten life▶ aus dem Leben gegriffen sein to be a slice of life▶ es geht um [o ist eine Sache auf] \Leben und Tod it's a matter of life and death▶ etw für sein \Leben gern tun to love doing sthich esse für mein \Leben gern Schokolade I love chocolateich würde für mein \Leben gern verreisen I'd love to travel▶ jdm das \Leben zur Hölle machen to make sb's life hell▶ wenn dir dein \Leben lieb ist if your life means sth to you▶ das nackte \Leben retten [o mit dem nackten \Leben davonkommen] to barely escape with one's life▶ ein Roman den/ein Stück das das \Leben schrieb a novel/a play of real life▶ jds \Leben steht auf dem Spiel sb's life is at risk▶ jdm nach dem \Leben trachten to be out to kill sb* * *das; Lebens, Leben1) lifeam Leben sein/bleiben — be/stay alive
seines Lebens nicht [mehr] sicher sein — not be safe [any more]
etwas für sein Leben gern essen/tun — love something/doing something
mit dem Leben davonkommen/das nackte Leben retten — escape/barely escape with one's life
ein/sein [ganzes] Leben lang — one's whole life long
noch nie im Leben/zum erstenmal im Leben — never in/for the first time in one's life
mit beiden Beinen od. Füßen im Leben stehen — have one's feet firmly on the ground
nie im Leben, im Leben nicht! — (ugs.) not on your life! (coll.); never in your life! (coll.)
so ist das Leben — such is life; that's the way things go
die Musik ist ihr Leben — music is her [whole] life
* * *A. v/iman lebt nur einmal you only have one life to live, you only live once;lebt er noch? is he still alive?;er wird nicht mehr lange leben he hasn’t got much longer to live, his days are numbered;so wahr ich lebe! I swear it;lebst du noch? umg, hum, iron well, hello stranger;ich habe alles, was ich zum Leben brauche I have all I need to keep body and soul together;wir leben nicht mehr im 19. Jahrhundert iron this isn’t the 19th century(, you know);wie gehts? - man lebt (so eben) umg how are things? - survivingleben von (Nahrung) live on ( oder off); (Tätigkeit etc) live from ( oder off), make a living with ( oder by +ger), (Verdienst, Rente) live on;vegetarisch leben be a vegetarian;makrobiotisch leben live on macrobiotic food(s);gesund/ungesund leben lead a healthy/an unhealthy life; in gesunden/ungesunden Verhältnissen: live in healthy/unhealthy conditions;sie leben ganz gut they don’t do too badly (for themselves);nach einem Grundsatz leben live in accordance with a principle, stick to a principle;leben und leben lassen live and let live;sie lebt nur für ihre Kunst she only lives for her art3. (wohnen) live;wie lange leben Sie schon hier? how long have you been living here?;ich träume davon, in Neuseeland zu leben my dream is to (go and) live in New Zealand4. fig, Andenken etc: live on;die Statue lebt the statue is very ( oder so) lifelike;das Stück lebt nicht there’s no life in the play5.es lebe …! three cheers for …!;es lebe der König/die Königin! long live the King/Queen!;6. unpers:es lebt sich ganz angenehm/bequem etc life’s quite pleasant/comfortable etc;hier lebt es sich gut it’s not a bad life here, life’s not bad hereB. v/t:ein angenehmes/bequemes etcLeben leben lead a pleasant/comfortable etc life, have a pleasant/comfortable ( oder an easy) etc lifestyle;sein Leben noch einmal leben live one’s life (over) again;sein eigenes Leben leben lead an independent life, go one’s own way;* * *das; Lebens, Leben1) lifesich (Dat.) das Leben nehmen — take one's [own] life
am Leben sein/bleiben — be/stay alive
seines Lebens nicht [mehr] sicher sein — not be safe [any more]
etwas für sein Leben gern essen/tun — love something/doing something
mit dem Leben davonkommen/das nackte Leben retten — escape/barely escape with one's life
ein/sein [ganzes] Leben lang — one's whole life long
noch nie im Leben/zum erstenmal im Leben — never in/for the first time in one's life
mit beiden Beinen od. Füßen im Leben stehen — have one's feet firmly on the ground
nie im Leben, im Leben nicht! — (ugs.) not on your life! (coll.); never in your life! (coll.)
so ist das Leben — such is life; that's the way things go
die Musik ist ihr Leben — music is her [whole] life
* * *existence n.life n.(§ pl.: lives)lifetime n.livings n. -
70 aller
aller [ale]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━➭ TABLE 9━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. <• où vas-tu ? where are you going?• vas-y ! go on!• allons-y ! let's go!━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► aller se traduit souvent par un verbe plus spécifique en anglais.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► aller + préposition• je vais sur or vers Lille (en direction de) I'm going towards Lille ; (but du voyage) I'm going to Lille━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque être allé à/en signifie avoir visité, il se traduit par to have been to.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• étiez-vous déjà allés en Sicile ? had you been to Sicily before?• plus ça va, plus les gens s'inquiètent people are getting more and more worried• plus ça va, plus je me dis que j'ai eu tort the more I think about it, the more I realize how wrong I was► aller en + participe présentd. (état, santé) comment allez-vous ? how are you?• comment ça va ? -- ça va how are you doing? -- fine• comment vont les affaires ? -- elles vont bien how's business? -- finee. ( = convenir) ça ira comme ça ? is it all right like that?• aller bien ensemble [couleurs, styles] to go well together• ils vont bien ensemble [personnes] they make a nice couple• cette robe te va très bien (couleur, style) that dress really suits you ; (taille) that dress fits you perfectlyf. (exclamations) allons !• allez ! go on!• allez la France ! come on France!• allons, allons, il ne faut pas pleurer come on, don't cry• ce n'est pas grave, allez ! come on, it's not so bad!• va donc, eh crétin ! you stupid idiot! (inf)• allez-y, c'est votre tour go on, it's your turn• allez-y, vous ne risquez rien go on, you've nothing to lose• non mais vas-y, insulte-moi ! (inf) go on, insult me!► allons bon !• allons bon ! qu'est-ce qui t'est encore arrivé ? now what's happened?• allons bon, j'ai oublié mon sac ! oh dear, I've left my bag behind!► ça va ! (inf) ( = assez) that's enough! ; ( = d'accord) OK, OK! (inf)• tes remarques désobligeantes, ça va comme ça ! I've had just about enough of your nasty comments!• ça fait dix fois que je te le dis -- ça va, je vais le faire ! I've told you ten times -- look, I'll do it, OK? (inf)► va pour (inf)va pour 30 € ! OK, 30 euros then!• j'aimerais aller à Tokyo -- alors va pour Tokyo ! I'd like to go to Tokyo -- Tokyo it is then!2. <• ça y va le whisky chez eux ! they certainly get through a lot of whisky!• ça y allait les insultes ! you should have heard the abuse!3. <► aller + infinitifa. (futur)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque aller + infinitif sert à exprimer le futur, il se traduit par will + infinitif ; will est souvent abrégé en 'll.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► La forme du futur to be going to s'utilise pour mettre qn en garde.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━b. (intention) il est allé se renseigner he's gone to get some information ; (a obtenu les informations) he went and got some informationc. (locutions) n'allez pas vous imaginer que... don't you go imagining that...• allez savoir ! (inf) who knows?• va lui expliquer ça, toi ! you try explaining that to him!4. <a. ( = partir) to go• bon, je m'en vais right, I'm going• va-t'en ! go away!5. <b. ( = trajet) outward journey• l'aller et retour Paris-New York coûte 2 500 € Paris-New York is 2,500 euros return (Brit) or round-trip (US)• j'ai fait plusieurs allers et retours entre chez moi et la pharmacie I made several trips to the chemist's• le dossier a fait plusieurs allers et retours entre nos services the file has been shuttled between departments* * *
I
1. aleverbe auxiliaire1) ( marque le futur)ça va aller mal — (colloq) there'll be trouble
3) ( marque le mouvement)aller atterrir (colloq) sur mon bureau — to end up on my desk
4) ( marque l'inclination)5) ( marque l'évolution)
2.
verbe intransitif1) (se porter, se dérouler, fonctionner)comment vas-tu, comment ça va? — how are you?
bois ça, ça ira mieux — drink this, you'll feel better
ça ne va pas très fort — ( ma santé) I'm not feeling very well; ( la vie) things aren't too good; ( le moral) I'm feeling a bit low
ne pas aller sans peine or mal — not to be easy
ça va de soi or sans dire — it goes without saying
ça va tout seul — ( c'est facile) it's a doddle (colloq) GB, it's easy as pie
on fait aller — (colloq) struggling on (colloq)
ça peut aller — (colloq)
ça ira — (colloq) could be worse (colloq)
ça va pas, non (colloq) or la tête? — (colloq) are you mad (colloq) GB ou crazy? (colloq)
2) ( se déplacer) to goaller et venir — ( dans une pièce) to pace up and down; ( d'un lieu à l'autre) to run in and out
où vas-tu? — where are you going?, where are you off (colloq) to?
aller en Pologne/au marché — to go to Poland/to the market
aller sur or vers Paris — to head for Paris
j'y vais — ( je m'en occupe) I'll get it; ( je pars) (colloq) I'm going, I'm off (colloq)
où va-t-il? — where is he off to? (colloq)
où va-t-on? — (colloq)
où allons-nous? — (colloq) fig what are things coming to?, what's the world coming to?
aller au pain — (colloq) to go and get the bread
aller aux courses (colloq) or commissions — (colloq) to go shopping
4) ( s'étendre dans l'espace)5) ( convenir)ma robe, ça va? — is my dress all right?
ça va, ça peut aller — (colloq) ( en quantité) that'll do; ( en qualité) it'll do
une soupe, ça (te) va? — how about some soup?
va pour une soupe — (colloq) soup is okay (colloq)
si le contrat ne te va pas, ne le signe pas — don't sign the contract if you're not happy with it
si ça va pour toi, ça va pour moi — (colloq) if it's okay by you, it's okay by me (colloq)
ça te va bien de faire la morale — (colloq) iron you're hardly the person to preach
6) (être de la bonne taille, de la bonne forme)7) (flatter, mettre en valeur)je trouve que ta sœur et son petit ami vont très bien ensemble — I think your sister and her boyfriend are ideally suited
8) ( se ranger) to go9) ( faculté)10) ( dans une évaluation)la voiture peut aller jusqu'à 200 km/h — the car can do up to 200 kph
certains modèles peuvent aller jusqu'à 1000 francs — some models can cost up to 1,000 francs
11) ( en arriver à)12) ( dans le temps)13) (agir, raisonner)vas-y doucement, le tissu est fragile — careful, the fabric is delicate
vas-y, demande-leur! — ( incitation) go on, ask them!
vas-y, dis-le! — ( provocation) come on, out with it!
allons, allez! — (pour encourager, inciter) come on!
si tu vas par là, rien n'est entièrement vrai — if you take that line, nothing is entirely true
14) ( contribuer)15) (colloq) ( se succéder)16) ( servir)17) ( enfreindre)aller contre la loi — [personne] to break the law; [acte] to be against the law
3.
s'en aller verbe pronominal1) (partir, se rendre)il faut que je m'en aille — I must go ou leave
2) ( disparaître)avec le temps, tout s'en va — everything fades with time
4) (avoir l'intention de, essayer)
4.
verbe impersonnel1) ( être en jeu)2) ( se passer)3) Mathématique
II alenom masculin1) ( trajet)j'ai pris le bus à l'aller — ( en allant là) I took the bus there; ( en venant ici) I took the bus here
il n'arrête pas de faire des allers et retours entre chez lui et son bureau — he keeps running to and fro from his house to the office
billet aller — gén single ticket GB, one-way ticket US; ( d'avion) one-way ticket
billet aller (et) retour — return ticket GB, round trip (ticket) US
2) ( ticket)aller (simple) — single (ticket) GB, one-way ticket ( pour to)
••
Lorsque aller fait partie d'une expression figée comme aller dans le sens de, aller de pair avec etc, l'expression est traitée sous l'entrée sens, pair etcOn notera les différentes traductions de aller verbe de mouvement indiquant: un déplacement unique dans le temps: je vais au théâtre ce soir = I'm going to the theatre [BrE] this evening; ou une habitude: je vais au théâtre tous les lundis = I go to the theatre [BrE] every Mondayaller + infinitifla traduction dépend du temps: je vais apprendre l'italien = I'm going to learn Italian; il est allé voir l'exposition = he went to see the exhibition; j'allais me marier quand la guerre a éclaté = I was going to get married when the war broke out; va voir = go and see; va leur parler = go and speak to them; j'irai voir l'exposition demain = I'll go and see the exhibition tomorrow; je vais souvent m'asseoir au bord de la rivière = I often go and sit by the river; il ne va jamais voir une exposition = he never goes to see exhibitionsOn notera que pour les activités sportives on peut avoir: aller nager/faire du vélo = to go swimming/cycling ou to go for a swim/on a bike rideOn trouvera ci-dessous des exemples et des exceptions illustrant aller dans ses différentes fonctions verbales* * *ale1. nm1) (= trajet) outward journeyL'aller nous a pris trois heures. — The journey there took us three hours., The outward journey took us three hours.
2) (= billet) single Grande-Bretagne ticket, one-way ticketJe voudrais un aller pour Angers. — I'd like a single to Angers.
2. vi1) (déplacement) to goJe suis allé à Londres. — I went to London.
Elle ira le voir. — She'll go and see him.
La boulangerie? Je dois justement y aller. — The baker's? That's just where I need to go.
2) (= convenir)aller à qn [couleur, style] — to suit sb, [forme, pointure] to fit sb, [dispositions, date] to suit sb
cela me va [couleur, vêtement] — it suits me, (pointure, taille) it fits me, [projet, dispositions] it suits me, that's OK by me
Cette robe te va bien. — That dress suits you.
aller avec qch [couleurs, style] — to go with sth
3) (= se sentir)"Comment allez-vous? " - - "Je vais bien." — "How are you?" - - "I'm fine."
Il va bien. — He's fine.
Il va mal. — He's not well.
4) (= marcher, se passer)comment ça va? — how are you?, how are things?
"ça va?" - - "oui ça va!" — "how are things?" - - "fine!"
allez! (encouragement) — go on!, (avec impatience) come on!
Allez! Dépêche-toi! — Come on, hurry up!
allez, au revoir — OK then, bye-bye
y aller; allons-y! — let's go!
Je dois y aller. — I've got to go.
Tu y vas un peu fort. — You're going a bit too far., You're going a bit far.
Nous sommes allés jusqu'à Angers. — We went as far as Angers.
J'irais jusqu'à dire qu'il est trop tard. — I would go so far as to say that it's too late.
se laisser aller — to let o.s. go
ça va de soi; ça va sans dire — that goes without saying
ça va comme ça (= c'est suffisant) — that's fine, (impatience) that's enough
3. vb auxJe vais le faire. — I'm going to do it.
Je vais me fâcher. — I'm going to get angry.
Je vais écrire à mes cousins. — I'm going to write to my cousins.
* * *I.aller ⇒ Note d'usage verb table: allerA v aux1 ( marque le futur) je vais partir I'm leaving; je vais rentrer chez moi/me coucher I'm going home/to bed; j'allais partir I was just leaving; j'allais partir quand il est arrivé I was about to leave when he arrived; l'homme qui allait inventer la bombe atomique the man who was to invent the atomic bomb; il allait le regretter he was to regret it; il va le regretter he'll regret it; elle va avoir un an she'll soon be one; il va faire nuit it'll soon be dark; ça va aller mal○ there'll be trouble; tu vas me laisser tranquille? will you please leave me alone!;2 ( marque le futur programmé) je vais leur dire ce que je pense I'm going to tell them what I think; elle va peindre sa cuisine en bleu she's going to paint her kitchen blue; j'allais te le dire I was just going to tell you;3 ( marque le mouvement) aller rouler de l'autre côté de la rue to go rolling across the street; aller valser○ à l'autre bout de la pièce to go flying across the room; aller atterrir○ en plein champ/sur mon bureau to end up in the middle of a field/on my desk;4 (marque l'inclination, l'initiative) qu'est-ce que tu vas imaginer là? what a ridiculous idea!; va savoir! who knows?; va or allez (donc) savoir ce qui s'est passé who knows what happened?; qu'es-tu allé te mettre en tête? where did you pick up that idea?; qui irait le soupçonner? who would suspect him?; vous n'iriez pas leur dire ça? you're not going to go and say that, are you?; pourquoi es-tu allé faire ça? why did you have to go and do that?; n'allez pas croire une chose pareille! ( pour réfuter) don't you believe it!; ( pour tempérer l'enthousiasme) don't get carried away!; allez y comprendre quelque chose! just try and work that out!;5 ( marque l'évolution) la situation va (en) se compliquant the situation is getting more and more complicated; aller (en) s'améliorant/s'aggravant to be improving/getting worse; la tristesse ira (en) s'atténuant the grief will diminish.B vi1 (se porter, se dérouler, fonctionner) comment vas-tu, comment ça va? how are you?; ça va (bien) I'm fine; les enfants vont bien? are the children all right?; et ta femme/ton épaule, comment ça va? how's your wife/your shoulder?; comment va la santé? how are you keeping?; ça va la vie○? how's life○?; ça va les amours○? how's the love life going?; aller beaucoup mieux to be much better; bois ça, ça ira mieux drink this, you'll feel better; tout va bien pour toi? is everything going all right?; si tout va bien if everything goes all right; vous êtes sûr que ça va? are you sure you're all right?; les affaires vont bien/mal business is good/bad; ça va l'école? how are things at school?; ça ne va pas très fort or bien ( ma santé) I'm not feeling very well; ( la vie) things aren't too good; ( le moral) I'm feeling a bit low; ça pourrait aller mieux, ça va plus ou moins ( réponse) so-so; ça va mal entre eux things aren't too good between them; qu'est-ce qui ne va pas? what's the matter?; la voiture a quelque chose qui ne va pas there's something wrong with the car; tout va pour le mieux everything's fine; tout est allé si vite! it all happened so quickly!; ne pas aller sans peine or mal not to be easy; ne pas aller sans hésitations to take some thinking about; ça va de soi or sans dire it goes without saying; ça devrait aller de soi it should be obvious; ainsi vont les choses that's the way it goes; ainsi va le monde that's the way of the world; ainsi allait la France this was the state of affairs in France; l'amour ne va jamais de soi love is never straightforward; ça va tout seul ( c'est facile) it's a doddle○ GB, it's as easy as pie; ça ne va pas tout seul it's not that easy, it's no picnic○; les choses vont très vite things are moving fast; on fait aller○ struggling on○; ça peut aller○, ça ira○ could be worse○; ça va pas, non○ or la tête○? are you mad○ GB ou crazy○?; ça va pas, non, de crier or gesticuler comme ça○? what's the matter with you, carrying on like that○?; ⇒ pis;2 ( se déplacer) to go; tu vas trop vite you're going too fast; allez tout droit go straight ahead; aller et venir ( dans une pièce) to pace up and down; ( d'un lieu à l'autre) to run in and out; la liberté d'aller et venir the freedom to come and go at will; je préfère aller à pied/en avion I'd rather walk/fly; les nouvelles vont vite news travels fast; aller d'un pas rapide to walk quickly; je sais aller à bicyclette/cheval I can ride a bike/horse; où vas-tu? where are you going?, where are you off○ to?; je vais en Pologne I'm going to Poland; aller au marché/en ville to go to the market/into town; aller chez le médecin/dentiste to go to the doctor's/dentist's; va dans ta chambre go to your room; je suis allé de Bruxelles à Anvers I went from Brussels to Antwerp; je suis allé jusqu'en Chine/au marché ( et pas plus loin) I went as far as China/the market; ( et c'était loin) I went all the way to China/the market; je préfère ne pas y aller I'd rather not go; allons-y! let's go!; je l'ai rencontré en allant au marché I met him on the way to the market; aller vers le nord to head north; j'y vais ( je m'en occupe) I'll get it; ( je pars)○ I'm going, I'm off○; où va-t-il encore? where is he off to now○?; aller sur or vers Paris to head for Paris; où va-t-on○?, où allons-nous○? fig what are things coming to?, what's the world coming to?; va donc, eh, abruti○! get lost○, you idiot!; ⇒ cruche;3 (pour se livrer à une activité, chercher un produit) aller à l'école/au travail to go to school/to work; aller à la chasse/pêche to go hunting/fishing; allez-vous à la piscine? do you go to the swimming pool?; il est allé au golf/tennis he's gone to play golf/tennis; aller aux champignons/framboises to go mushroom-/raspberry-picking; aller au pain○ to go and get the bread; dans quelle boulangerie allez-vous? which bakery do you go to?; aller aux courses○ or commissions○ to go shopping; aller au ravitaillement to go and stock up; aller aux nouvelles or informations to go and see if there's any news;4 ( s'étendre dans l'espace) la route va au village the road leads to the village; la rue va de la gare à l'église the street goes from the station to the church;5 ( convenir) ma robe/la traduction, ça va? is my dress/the translation all right?; ça va, ça ira○, ça peut aller○ ( en quantité) that'll do; ( en qualité) it'll do; ça va comme ça it's all right as it is; ça ne va pas du tout that's no good at all; ça ne va pas du tout, tu dois mettre une cravate you can't go like that, you have to wear a tie; la traduction n'allait pas the translation was no good; lundi ça (te) va? would Monday suit you ou be okay○?; une soupe, ça (te) va? how about some soup?; va pour une soupe○ soup is okay○; ça irait si on se voyait demain? would it it be all right if we met tomorrow?; ça va si je porte un jean? can I wear jeans?; si le contrat ne te va pas, ne le signe pas don't sign the contract if you're not happy with it; si ça va pour toi, ça va pour moi○ or ça me va○ if it's okay by you, it's okay by me○; ça n'irait pas du tout ( inacceptable) that would never do; ma scie ne va pas pour le métal my saw is no good for metal; ça te va bien de faire la morale/parler comme ça○ iron you're hardly the person to preach/make that sort of remark;6 (être de la bonne taille, de la bonne forme) aller à qn to fit sb; tes chaussures sont trop grandes, elles ne me vont pas your shoes are too big, they don't fit me; cette vis/clé ne va pas this screw/key doesn't fit;7 (flatter, mettre en valeur) aller à qn to suit sb; le rouge ne me va pas or me va mal red doesn't suit me; sa robe lui allait (très) bien her dress really suited her; le rôle t'irait parfaitement the part would suit you perfectly; ta cravate ne va pas avec ta chemise your tie doesn't go with your shirt; les tapis vont bien ensemble the rugs go together well; les meubles vont bien ensemble the furniture all matches; je trouve que ta sœur et son petit ami vont très bien ensemble I think your sister and her boyfriend are ideally suited;8 ( se ranger) to go; les assiettes vont dans le placard the plates go in the cupboard; la chaise pliante va derrière la porte de la cuisine the folding chair goes behind the kitchen door;9 ( faculté) pouvoir aller dans l'eau to be waterproof; le plat ne va pas au four the dish is not ovenproof;10 ( dans une évaluation) la voiture peut aller jusqu'à 200 km/h the car can do up to 200 km/h; certains modèles peuvent aller jusqu'à 1 000 euros some models can cost up to 1,000 euros; une peine allant jusqu'à cinq ans de prison a sentence of up to five years in prison;11 ( en arriver à) aller jusqu'au président to take it right up to the president; aller jusqu'à mentir/tuer to go as far as to lie/kill; leur amour est allé jusqu'à la folie their love bordered on madness;12 ( dans le temps) aller jusqu'en 1914 to go up to 1914; pendant la période qui va du 8 février au 13 mars between 8 February and 13 March; la période qui va de 1918 à 1939 the period between 1918 and 1939; l'offre va jusqu'à jeudi the offer lasts until Thursday; le contrat allait jusqu'en 1997 the contract ran until 1997; va-t-on vers une nouvelle guerre? are we heading for another war?; aller sur ses 17 ans to be going on 17;13 (agir, raisonner) vas-y doucement or gentiment, le tissu est fragile careful, the fabric is delicate; ils n'y sont pas allés doucement avec les meubles○ they were rather rough with the furniture; tu vas trop vite you're going too fast; vas-y, demande-leur! ( incitation) go on, ask them!; vas-y, dis-le! ( provocation) come on, out with it!; allons, allez! (pour encourager, inciter) come on!; j'y vais○ ( je vais agir) here we go!; si tu vas par là or comme ça, rien n'est entièrement vrai if you take that line, nothing is entirely true;14 ( contribuer) y aller de sa petite larme to shed a little tear; y aller de sa petite chanson to do one's party piece; y aller de ses économies to dip into one's savings; y aller de sa personne to pitch in; y aller de 100 euros Jeux to put in 100 euros;15 ○( se succéder) ça y va la vodka avec lui he certainly gets through the vodka; ça y allait les coups the fur was flying○;16 ( servir) où est allé l'argent? where has the money gone?; l'argent ira à la réparation de l'église the money will go toward(s) repairing the church; l'argent est allé dans leurs poches they pocketed the money;17 ( enfreindre) aller contre la loi [personne] to break the law; [acte] to be against the law; je ne peux pas aller contre ce qu'il a décidé I can't go against his decision.C s'en aller vpr1 (partir, se rendre) il faut que je m'en aille I must go ou leave; je m'en vais en Italie cet été I'm going to Italy this summer; je m'en vais du Japon l'année prochaine I'll be leaving Japan next year; va-t'en! go away!; s'en aller faire les courses/en vacances/au travail to go off to do the shopping/on vacation/to work; ils s'en allaient chantant† they went off singing;2 ( disparaître) les nuages vont s'en aller the clouds will clear away; la tache ne s'en va pas the stain won't come out; avec le temps, tout s'en va everything fades with time; les années s'en vont the years go by;4 (avoir l'intention de, essayer) je m'en vais leur dire ce que je pense I'm going to tell them what I think; ne t'en va pas imaginer une chose pareille ( pour réfuter) don't you believe it!; ( pour tempérer l'enthousiasme) don't get carried away!; va-t'en savoir ce qu'il a voulu dire! who knows what he meant?D v impers1 ( être en jeu) il y va de ma réputation my reputation is at stake; il y va de ta santé your health is at stake, you're putting your health at risk;2 ( se passer) il en va souvent ainsi that's often what happens; tout le monde doit aider et il en va de même pour toi everyone must help, and that goes for you too; il en ira de même pour eux the same goes for them; il en va autrement en Corée things are different in Korea; il en ira de lui comme de ses prédécesseurs he'll go the same way as his predecessors;3 Math 40 divisé par 12 il y va 3 fois et il reste 4 12 into 40 goes 3 times with 4 left over.II.aller nm1 ( trajet) j'ai fait une escale à l'aller I made a stopover on the way out; j'ai pris le bus à l'aller ( en allant là) I took the bus there; ( en venant ici) I took the bus here; l'aller a pris trois heures the journey there took three hours; il n'arrête pas de faire des allers et retours entre chez lui et son bureau he keeps running to and fro from his house to the office; je suis pressé, je ne fais que l'aller et le retour○ I'm in a hurry, I've just popped in○; billet aller gén single ticket GB, one-way ticket US; ( d'avion) one-way ticket; billet aller (et) retour return ticket GB, round trip (ticket) US;2 ( ticket) aller (simple) single (ticket); deux allers (pour) Lille two singles to Lille; aller (et) retour return ticket;I[ale] nom masculin1. [voyage] outward journeyfaire des allers et retours [personne, document] to go back and forth, to shuttle back and forthne faire qu'un ou que l'aller et retour: je vais à la banque mais je ne fais qu'un aller et retour I'm going to the bank, but I'll be right back2. [billet]3. (familier)aller et retour [gifle] slapII[ale] verbe auxiliaire1. (suivi de l'infinitif) [exprime le futur proche] to be going ou about totu vas tomber! you're going to fall!, you'll fall!attendez-le, il va arriver wait for him, he'll be here any minute nowj'allais justement te téléphoner I was just going to phone you, I was on the point of phoning you[pour donner un ordre]tu vas faire ce que je te dis, oui ou non? will you do as I say or won't you?2. (suivi de l'infinitif) [en intensif] to gone va pas croire/penser que... don't go and believe/think that...tu ne vas pas me faire croire que tu ne savais rien! you can't fool me into thinking that you didn't know anything!allez expliquer ça à un enfant de 5 ans! try and explain ou try explaining that to a 5-year-old!3. [exprime la continuité] (suivi du gérondif)a. [tension] to be risingb. [nombre] to be rising ou increasing————————[ale] verbe intransitifA.[EXPRIME LE MOUVEMENT]1. [se déplacer] to goa. hurry up!b. [à un enfant] run along (now)!vous alliez à plus de 90 km/h [en voiture] you were driving at ou doing more than 90 km/ha. [de long en large] to pace up and downb. [entre deux destinations] to come and go, to go to and fro2. [se rendre - personne]aller à la mer/à la montagne to go to the seaside/mountainsa. [bâtiment] to go to the universityb. [institution] to go to university ou collegealler à la chasse/pêche to go hunting/fishingj'irai en avion/voiture I'll fly/drive, I'll go by plane/cartu n'iras plus chez eux, tu m'entends? you will not visit them again, do you hear me?aller en haut/bas to go up/down3. (suivi de l'infinitif) [pour se livrer à une activité]va te faire voir (très familier) ou te faire foutre! (vulgaire) get lost! ou (UK) stuffed! (très familier), go to hell!4. [mener - véhicule, chemin] to go7. [être remis]l'argent collecté ira à une œuvre the collection will go ou be given to a charityB.[S'ÉTENDRE]1. [dans l'espace]aller de... à...: leur propriété va de la rivière à la côte their land stretches from the river to the coasta. [vers le haut] to go ou to reach up tob. [vers le bas] to go ou to reach down toc. [en largeur, en longueur] to go to, to stretch as far as2. [dans le temps]aller de... à... to go from... to...aller jusqu'à [bail, contrat] to run till3. [dans une série]aller de... à... to go ou to range from... to...C.[PROGRESSER]1. [se dérouler]aller vite/lentement to go fast/slowplus ça va...: plus ça va, moins je comprends la politique the more I see of politics, the less I understand itplus ça va, plus je l'aime I love her more each day2. [personne]aller jusqu'à: j'irai jusqu'à 1.000 euros pour le fauteuil I'll pay ou go up to 1,000 euros for the armchairj'irais même jusqu'à dire que... I would even go so far as to say that...aller sur ou vers [approcher de]: il va sur ou vers la cinquantaine he's getting on for ou going on 50elle va sur ses cinq ans she's nearly ou almost five, she'll be five soonaller à la faillite/l'échec to be heading for bankruptcy/failureoù va-t-on ou allons-nous s'il faut se barricader chez soi? what's the world coming to if people have to lock themselves in nowadays?D.[ÊTRE DANS TELLE OU TELLE SITUATION]1. [en parlant de l'état de santé]bonjour, comment ça va? — ça va hello, how are you? — all rightça va? [après un choc] are you all right?2. [se passer]les choses vont ou ça va mal things aren't too good ou aren't going too wellcomment ça va dans ton nouveau service? how are you getting on ou how are things in the new department?quelque chose ne va pas? is there anything wrong ou the matter?ça ne va pas tout seul ou sans problème it's not an ou it's no easy jobE.[EXPRIME L'ADÉQUATION]1. [être seyant]a. [taille d'un vêtement] to fit somebodyb. [style d'un vêtement] to suit somebodyle bleu lui va blue suits her, she looks good in bluecela te va à ravir ou à merveille that looks wonderful on you, you look wonderful in that2. [être en harmonie]j'ai acheté un chapeau pour aller avec ma veste I bought a hat to go with ou to match my jacketa. [couleurs, styles] to go well together, to matchb. [éléments d'une paire] to belong togetherils vont bien ensemble, ces deux-là! those two make quite a pair!je trouve qu'ils vont très mal ensemble I think (that) they're an ill-matched couple ou they make a very odd pair3. [convenir]tu veux de l'aide? — non, ça ira! do you want a hand? — no, I'll manage ou it's OK!tu ne rajoutes pas de crème? — ça ira comme ça don't you want to add some cream? — that'll do (as it is) ou it's fine like thisça ira pour aujourd'hui that'll be all for today, let's call it a dayaller à quelqu'un: on dînera après le spectacle — ça me va we'll go for dinner after the show — that's all right ou fine by me ou that suits me (fine)F.[LOCUTIONS]allez, un petit effort come on, put some effort into itallez, je m'en vais! right, I'm going now!zut, j'ai cassé un verre! — et allez (donc), le troisième en un mois! damn! I've broken a glass! — well done, that's the third in a month!allez-y! go on!, off you go!allons bon, j'ai perdu ma clef maintenant! oh no, now I've lost my key!allons bon, voilà qu'il recommence à pleurer! here we go, he's crying again!c'est mieux comme ça, va! it's better that way, you know!je t'aurai prévenu! — ça va, ça va! don't say I didn't warn you! — OK, OK!ça va comme ça hein, j'en ai assez de tes jérémiades! just shut up will you, I'm fed up with your moaning!y aller (familier) : une fois que tu es sur le plongeoir, il faut y aller! once you're on the diving board, you've got to jump!quand faut y aller, faut y aller when you've got to go, you've got to gocomme tu y vas (familier) /vous y allez (familier) : j'en veux 30 euros — comme tu y vas! I want 30 euros for it — isn't that a bit much?ça y va: (familier) ça y va, les billets de 10 euros! 10 euro notes are going as if there was no tomorrow!y aller de: aux réunions de famille, il y va toujours d'une ou de sa chansonnette every time there's a family gathering, he sings a little songil ou cela ou ça va de soi (que) it goes without saying (that)il ou cela ou ça va sans dire (que) it goes without saying (that)il en va de... comme de...: il en va de la littérature comme de la peinture it's the same with literature as with paintingil en va autrement: il en irait autrement si ta mère était encore là things would be very different if your mother was still heretout le monde est égoïste, si tu vas par là! everybody's selfish, if you look at it like that!————————s'en aller verbe pronominal intransitif1. [partir - personne] to go2. [se défaire, se détacher] to come undone4. [disparaître - tache] to come off, to go (away) ; [ - son] to fade away ; [ - forces] to fail ; [ - jeunesse] to pass ; [ - lumière, soleil, couleur] to fade (away) ; [ - peinture, vernis] to come offça s'en ira au lavage/avec du savon it'll come off in the wash/with soap5. (suivi de l'infinitif) [en intensif] -
71 nécessaire
nécessaire [nesesεʀ]1. adjective2. masculine noun3. compounds* * *nesesɛʀ
1.
adjectif gén necessary (à for)les voix nécessaires pour renverser le gouvernement — the votes needed in order to overthrow the government
2.
nom masculin1) ( ce qui s'impose)faire le nécessaire — to do what is necessary ou what needs to be done
2) ( biens et services) essentials (pl)•Phrasal Verbs:* * *nesesɛʀ1. adjIl est nécessaire de réserver. — It's necessary to book.
2. nm(= essentiel) necessaryn'emporter que le strict nécessaire — to take only what is strictly necessary, (= sac) kit
* * *A adj1 gén necessary (à for); absolument/vraiment nécessaire absolutely/really necessary; avoir les fonds nécessaires to have the necessary funds (pour qch for sth; pour faire to do); conditions nécessaires à la production/croissance/vie conditions necessary for production/growth/life; juger/croire nécessaire de faire to deem sout/believe it necessary to do; plus qu'il n'est nécessaire more than is necessary; si nécessaire if necessary; nécessaire ou pas whether necessary or not; il est nécessaire de faire it is necessary to do; il n'est pas nécessaire de vérifier there's no need to check, it isn't necessary to check; est-ce bien nécessaire? is it really necessary?; ‘faut-il réserver?’-‘non, ce n'est pas nécessaire’ ‘is it necessary to book GB ou make a reservation?’-‘no, there' s no need’, ‘no, it isn't necessary’; il devient nécessaire de faire it is becoming necessary to do; il est nécessaire que tu y ailles you have to go, you must go, it is necessary for you to go; il n'est pas nécessaire que tu y ailles you don't have to go, there is no need for you to go, it isn't necessary for you to go; s'il était nécessaire que tu écrives if you had ou needed to write, if it were necessary for you to write; les voix nécessaires pour renverser le gouvernement the votes needed in order to overthrow the government;2 Philos necessary.B nm1 ( ce qui s'impose) faire le nécessaire to do what is necessary ou what needs to be done; as-tu fait le nécessaire pour les billets/pour avoir des billets? did you see about the tickets/about getting tickets?; j'ai fait le nécessaire I've seen to it, I've dealt with it; le nécessaire et le superflu what is necessary and what is superfluous;2 ( biens et services) essentials (pl); manquer du plus strict nécessaire to lack the bare essentials; ne prendre que le nécessaire to take only the essentials;3 Philos necessary; le nécessaire et le contingent the necessary and the contingent.nécessaire de couture sewing kit; nécessaire à ongles manicure set; nécessaire de toilette toiletries (pl).[nesesɛr] adjectif1. [indispensable] necessarysi (c'est) nécessaire if necessary, if need beest-il nécessaire de la mettre ou qu'elle soit au courant? does she have ou need to know?cette introduction est nécessaire à la compréhension du texte it is necessary to read this introduction to understand the text————————[nesesɛr] nom masculin1. [choses indispensables] bare necessitiesn'emportez que le strict nécessaire just take the basic essentials ou what's absolutely necessary2. [démarche requise]ne vous inquiétez pas, j'ai fait le nécessaire don't worry, I've taken care of things ou I've done what had to be done3. [trousse, étui] -
72 линия
arc, branch ж.-д., circuit, strip line, line, pin* * *ли́ния ж.
line; ( на графике) curveпо ли́нии — in the line of …располага́ться на одно́й ли́нии — be in line [be lined up] with one anotherли́нии расхо́дятся — lines divergeли́нии схо́дятся — lines convergeабоне́нтская ли́ния — subscriber's [individual, exchange] line, subscriber's loopабоне́нтская ли́ния заво́дится в многокра́тное по́ле [в по́ле остальны́х коммута́торов] — each subscriber's line appears in multiple at several operator's positionsабоне́нтская, возду́шная ли́ния — customer open wire line, open wire loopабоне́нтская, индивидуа́льная ли́ния — individual [direct exchange] line, one-party telephoneли́ния а́бриса картогр. — planimetric lineли́ния АВ ( электрокаротаж) — energizing [current, power] lineавтомати́ческая ли́ния маш. — (automatic) transfer line, transfer machineавтомати́ческая, жестяноба́ночная ли́ния — automatic can-making lineавтомати́ческая, ко́мплексная ли́ния маш. — integrated transfer line; integrated manufacturing systemавтомати́ческая, перенала́живаемая ли́ния маш. — versatile transfer lineавтомати́ческая, n [m2]-позици́онная ли́ния маш. — n -station transfer lineавтомати́ческая, прямолине́йная ли́ния маш. — in-line transfer machineавтомати́ческая ли́ния с ги́бкой свя́зью маш. — non-synchronous transfer lineавтомати́ческая ли́ния с жё́сткой свя́зью маш. — synchronous transfer lineавтомати́ческая ли́ния со спу́тниками маш. — pallet type transfer lineавтомати́ческая, стано́чная ли́ния — transfer lineавтомати́ческая ли́ния с управле́нием от ЭВМ маш. — computer-controlled transfer lineагони́ческая ли́ния геод. — zero [agonic] lineли́ния а́зимута — azimuth lineакусти́ческая ли́ния — acoustic lineантисто́ксова ли́ния — anti-Stokes lineли́ния апси́д астр. — line of apsidesатмосфе́рная ли́ния тепл. — air evacuation lineба́зисная ли́ния1. мат. reference line2. опт. base-lineбесконе́чная ли́ния1. мат. line at infinity2. эл. infinite lineва́куумная (отка́чная) ли́ния — vacuum pump lineли́ния вало́в — line of shaftingли́ния верши́н зу́бьев шестерни́ — face line of teethли́ния взлё́тно-поса́дочной полосы́, осева́я — runway centre lineли́ния ви́димого горизо́нта — sky-line, horizon lineли́ния ви́димого ко́нтура ( на чертеже) — object lineвизи́рная ли́ния ( логарифмической линейки) — hair-line, indicator hair-lineли́ния визи́рования геод. — axis [line] of sight, observing [sight(ing) ] lineвинтова́я ли́ния — helical line, helix, spiralдви́гаться по винтово́й ли́нии — move in a helix [in a spiral]винтова́я, кони́ческая ли́ния — conical helixвихрева́я ли́ния мат. — vortex [whirl] lineвихрева́я, за́мкнутая ли́ния мат. — closed vortex lineли́ния влия́ния — influence lineли́ния вну́тренней свя́зи — inland circuitли́ния возмуще́ний — Mach lineли́ния впа́дин шестерни́ — line of dents [dedendum line] of a gearли́ния вса́сывания — suction lineвходна́я ли́ния вчт. — input lineли́ния входя́щей свя́зи — incoming [inward] lineли́ния вы́борки вчт. — select (ion) lineвыносна́я ли́ния ( на чертеже) — extension lineвыпускна́я ли́ния — exhaust lineли́ния выру́ливания ( со стоянки) ав. — lead-off lineли́ния вы́ходов горн. — outcrop lineга́зовая ли́ния — gas lineли́ния генера́ции ( лазера) — lasing lineгеодези́ческая ли́ния — geodetic [geodesic] lineли́ния горизо́нта — sky-line, horizon lineгоризонта́льная ли́ния — level [horizontal] lineгорлова́я ли́ния мат. — striction line, line of striction (of a ruled surface)гребе́нчатая ли́ния элк. — comb (transmission) lineли́ния давле́ния — pressure lineли́ния да́льности рлк. — range lineли́ния движе́ния (частиц, электрона и т. п.) — trajectoryли́ния двоя́кой кривизны́ — line of double curvature, double-curved lineли́ния действи́тельного горизо́нта — true-horizon lineли́ния де́йствия — line of actionли́ния де́йствия си́лы — line of action of a forceли́ния де́йствия си́лы тя́жести — gravitational verticalли́ния де́йствия тя́ги — thrust line, axis of thrustли́ния де́йствующих забо́ев — line of active facesдиагра́ммная ли́ния — (X-ray) diagram lineли́ния дислока́ций — dislocation lineли́ния дислока́ций выхо́дит на пове́рхность криста́лла — the dislocation line terminates at the surface of the crystalдифракцио́нная ли́ния — diffraction [diffracted] lineдрена́жная ли́ния ( на самолёте) — vent lineли́ния ду́плекса, бала́нсная свз. — duplex artificial lineжелезнодоро́жная, грузонапряжё́нная ли́ния — heavy-traffic lineжелезнодоро́жная, двухпу́тная ли́ния — double-track railway lineжелезнодоро́жная, однопу́тная ли́ния — single-track railway lineли́ния жё́сткой тя́ги — pipe-lineжи́рная ли́ния — heavy [heavily drawn] lineли́ния забо́ев — faces lineли́ния забо́ев, дугообра́зная — arched line of faces, arched faces lineли́ния забо́ев, искривлё́нная — bowed faces lineли́ния загоризо́нтной свя́зи — beyond-the-horizon [over-the-horizon] communication linkли́ния за́данного пути́ [ЛЗП] ав. — брит. required [intended] track, track required, Tr. Req.; амер. course (line)ли́ния заде́ржки — delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, акусти́ческая — acoustic [sonic] delay lineли́ния заде́ржки без поте́рь — dissipationless delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, водяна́я — water delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, герметизи́рованная — potted delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, иску́сственная — artificial delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, ка́бельная — cable delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, ква́рцевая — quartz delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, компенси́рованная — equalized delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, магнитострикцио́нная — magnetostrictive delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, многокра́тная — multiple delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, ни́келевая — nickel delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, поло́сковая — strip delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, про́волочная — wire delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, регули́руемая — variable delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, рту́тная — mercury delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, спира́льная — helical [spiral] delay lineли́ния заде́ржки с распределё́нными пара́метрами — distributed-constant delay lineли́ния заде́ржки с сосредото́ченными пара́метрами — lumped-constant delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, твердоте́льная — solid-state (delay) line, solid delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, ультразвукова́я — ultrasonic delay lineли́ния заде́ржки, электромагни́тная — electromagnetic delay lineли́ния заказна́я ли́ния тлф. — record operator's line, record circuitли́ния залё́та топ. — flight lineли́ния запасны́х забо́ев — line of reserved facesзапрещё́нная ли́ния — forbidden lineли́ния зару́ливания ( на стоянку) ав. — lead-in lineзаря́женная ли́ния — line of chargeли́ния застро́йки — building lineли́ния зацепле́ния голо́вок — head-line of contact, top line of actionли́ния зацепле́ния но́жек зу́бьев — dedendum line of contactзна́ковая ли́ния мат. — directed lineзолоспускна́я ли́ния — sluice discharge pipe-lineли́ния зубча́того зацепле́ния — line of actionли́ния изги́ба ж.-д. — curvature lineли́ния излуче́ния ла́зера — laser emission lineизмери́тельная ли́ния элк. — slotted [measuring] line, standing-wave meterи́мпульсная ли́ния ( в гидравлических и пневматических системах) — impulse lineли́ния инфильтра́ции — line of percolationли́ния искажё́нных масшта́бов — zero lineиску́сственная ли́ния эл. — artificial lineли́ния исходя́щей свя́зи тлф. — outward [outgoing] lineли́ния кали́бра, нейтра́льная прок. — neutral line of a grooveли́ния каса́ния — line of contactли́ния каче́ния — line of rolling contactкоаксиа́льная ли́ния — coaxial lineкоаксиа́льная, жё́сткая ли́ния — rigid coaxial lineли́ния кольцева́ния ав. — cross-feed lineкома́ндная ли́ния рлк. — command linkкома́ндная, проводна́я ли́ния рлк. — wire command linkконверсио́нная ли́ния — conversion lineконта́ктная ли́ния эл. — contact-wire lineконтро́льная ли́ния геод. — check(ing) [control, test] lineко́нтурная ли́ния (напр. на карте) — contour lineли́ния концентра́ции возмуще́ния — Mach lineкороткоза́мкнутая ли́ния — short-circuited lineкотида́льная ли́ния навиг. — co-tidal lineли́ния крити́ческих то́чек аргд. — stagnation lineли́ния ку́рса ав. — брит. course (line); амер. headingли́ния ку́рса курсово́го маяка́ — localizer courseкурсова́я ли́ния ав. — heading lineла́зерная ли́ния — laser lineло́маная ли́ния — open polygon, broken [polygonal] lineли́ния Лю́дерса метал. — Lьder(s) [slip] lineмагистра́льная ли́ния — trunk [main] lineли́ния магни́тной инду́кции — line of magnetic flux, magnetic line of fluxма́зерная ли́ния — maser lineли́ния Ма́ки кфт. — Mackie lineмеридиа́нная ли́ния — meridian lineме́рная ли́ния мор. — trial courseли́ния метео́рной свя́зи — meteor-burst [meteor-scatter] linkли́ния нагнета́ния — discharge [delivery] lineнагру́женная ли́ния эл., радио — loaded lineназе́мная ли́ния — land [ground] lineли́ния наибо́льшего ска́та мат. — line of maximum inclination, steepest line (in a plane), line of greatest declivityли́ния наиме́ньшего сопротивле́ния — line of least resistanceли́ния напла́вки — line of fusionнапо́рная ли́ния ( в гидравлических и пневматических системах) — pressure lineли́ния направле́ния съё́мки афс. — course of flightнаправля́ющая ли́ния — directrixли́ния насыще́ния — saturation lineли́ния нача́ла отсчё́та — fiducial (reference, zero, datum) lineли́ния неви́димого ко́нтура ( на чертеже) — invisible [hidden] lineнедиагра́ммная ли́ния — non-diagram (X-ray) line, X-ray satelliteнейтра́льная ли́ния — neutral lineнеодноро́дная ли́ния свз. — non-uniform [heterogeneous] lineнепересека́ющаяся ли́ния — skew lineнеразрешё́нная ли́ния физ. — unresolved peakнесимметри́чная ли́ния свз. — unbalanced lineнесо́бственная ли́ния мат. — ideal lineнивели́руемая ли́ния — line of levelsнулева́я ли́ния — zero [null] lineли́ния нулево́го склоне́ния геод. — zero [agonic] lineли́ния нулевы́х значе́ний геод. — zero [agonic] lineобво́дная ли́ния ( в гидравлических и пневматических системах) — by-pass lineли́ния обмета́ния ( гребного винта) — sweep lineобра́тная ли́ния ( в гидравлических и пневматических системах) — return lineли́ния обруше́ния горн. — line of cavingли́ния обтека́ния — streamlineодноро́дная ли́ния свз. — uniform lineосева́я ли́ния — axis, centre lineли́ния основа́ния зу́бьев ( шестерни) — bottom line of teethли́ния основа́ния карти́ны топ. — axis of homology, axis of perspective, perspective axis, ground lineосно́вная ли́ния мор. — base-lineли́ния отве́са геод. — plumb (bob) lineотве́сная ли́ния — tire vertical (line)отве́сная ли́ния задаё́тся отве́сом — the vertical [line] is assumed as a plumb-lineли́ния отде́лочных клете́й прок. — finishing mill trainли́ния отко́са — shoulder [slope] lineли́ния отсчё́та — reference [dation] lineли́ния паде́ния горн. — line of dipли́ния па́лубы ( на теоретическом чертеже) — deck line, (на боковой проекции теоретического чертежа) sheer lineли́ния пе́ленга — bearing line, line of bearingли́ния переда́чи эл., радио — (transmission) lineвключа́ть ли́нию (переда́чи) на, напр. согласо́ванную нагру́зку — terminate a (transmission) line into, e. g., a matched loadзакора́чивать ли́нию переда́чи — short-circuit a (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи излуча́ет эне́ргию — a (transmission) line radiatesли́ния переда́чи без поте́рь — loss-free [lossless] lineли́ния переда́чи да́нных вчт. — data lineли́ния переда́чи, дли́нная — long (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи, закры́тая — close (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи, коаксиа́льная — coaxial (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи, многопроводна́я — multiwire (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи, опти́ческая — optical transmission lineли́ния переда́чи, откры́тая — open (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи, печа́тная элк. — printed lineли́ния переда́чи, пневмати́ческая — airpressure lineли́ния переда́чи, поло́сковая — strip (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи, поло́сковая несимметри́чная — microstrip (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи, поло́сковая, симметри́чная — strip (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи, полуволно́вая — half wave (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи, разо́мкнутая на конце́ — open-ended (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи с больши́м затуха́нием — lossy lineли́ния переда́чи, сверхпроводя́щая — superconducting (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи с поте́рями — lossy lineли́ния переда́чи, трё́хпластинчатая — tri-plate lineли́ния переда́чи, узкополо́сная — narrowband (transmission) lineли́ния переда́чи, широкопо́лосная — wideband (transmission) lineли́ния перели́ва — overflow lineли́ния пересече́ния — line of intersectionли́ния перспекти́вы топ. — perspective line, perspective rayли́ния пита́ния — supply [power] lineпита́ющая ли́ния — incoming transmission line, feederли́ния погруже́ния, преде́льная мор. — margin lineподводя́щая ли́ния ( в гидравлических и пневматических системах) — feeding lineли́ния полё́та — flight pathли́ния положе́ния [ЛП] навиг. — line of position, position line, LPвыходи́ть на ли́нию положе́ния — arrive at [strike] an LPоцифро́вывать ли́нию положе́ния коли́чеством микросеку́нд ра́зности вре́мени — identify a position line by its time-difference in msли́ния положе́ния, высо́тная — Sumner (position) lineли́ния положе́ния самолё́та [ЛПС] — aircraft-position line, APLполу́денная ли́ния геод. — magnetic north [meridian] lineли́ния по́ля — line of force, field line, line of fieldли́ния постоя́нной интенси́вности ви́хрей — isocurlusли́ния постоя́нной ско́рости — isovelпото́чная ли́ния — (continuous) production [flow] lineсходи́ть с пото́чной ли́нии ( с конвейера) — roll off a production [flow] lineпо́ясная ли́ния ( кузова мобиля) — waistlineли́ния проги́ба — deflection [bending] lineли́ния прока́тки — rolling [mill] trainли́ния промежу́точного перегре́ва, горя́чая тепл. — hot reheat lineли́ния промежу́точного перегре́ва, холо́дная тепл. — cold reheat lineли́ния промерза́ния стр. — frost lineли́ния простира́ния горн. — strike lineпряма́я ли́ния — straight lineдви́гаться по прямы́м ли́ниям — move [travel] in straight linesли́ния прямо́й ви́димости — line-of-sightпункти́рная ли́ния — dotted lineли́ния пути́ — track line, course line (Примечание. на практике в английской литературе наблюдается смешение track с course.)рабо́чая ли́ния проце́сса хим. — operating lineли́ния ра́вного потенциа́ла — co-potential lineли́ния равноде́нствия — equinoctial lineли́ния ра́вных высо́т геод. — line of equal elevationли́ния ра́вных пе́ленгов самолё́та [ЛРПС] — line of bearingsполуча́ть ли́нии ра́вных пе́ленгов самолё́та — develop lines of bearingsли́ния ра́вных скоросте́й — isotachрадиопроводна́я ли́ния — combined radio and wire linkли́ния радиосвя́зи — radio link, radio circuitли́ния радиосвя́зи, реле́йная — microwave line-of-signal, radio linkли́ния радиосвя́зи, реле́йная бли́жняя — short-haul radio linkли́ния радиосвя́зи, реле́йная да́льняя — long-haul radio linkрадиотелеметри́ческая ли́ния — radio-telemetry linkли́ния радиотелефо́нной свя́зи — radiotelephone circuitли́ния развё́ртки рлк., тлв. — beam trace, sweep-trace, scan(ning) traceли́ния разде́ла — boundary (line)разме́рная ли́ния ( на чертеже) — dimension lineли́ния разре́за ( на чертеже) — cutting lineразрешё́нная ли́ния1. resolved peak2. permissible [allowed] lineли́ния разъё́ма моде́ли литейн. — parting [joint] line of a patternли́ния разъё́ма фо́рмы литейн. — parting [joint] line of a mouldли́ния разъё́ма шта́мпа — die [flash] lineраспада́ющаяся ли́ния мат. — decomposed lineли́ния распростране́ния — line of propagationрасто́почная ли́ния тепл. — start-up lineли́ния расшире́ния — expansion lineреги́стровая ли́ния свз. — sender linkли́ния регре́ссии — regression line, line of regressionли́ния ре́зания горн. — cutting line, cutting horizonрезона́нсная ли́ния — resonance lineре́перная ли́ния — datum lineли́ния рециркуля́ции тепл. — recirculation lineли́ния сбро́са горн. — fault lineли́ния сверхрешё́тки крист. — superlattice lineсверхструкту́рная ли́ния — superstructure lineли́ния свя́зи — communication line, communication linkдемонти́ровать ли́нию свя́зи — dismantle a (communication) lineосвобожда́ть ли́нию свя́зи ( об абоненте) — get off [clear] the (communication) lineпередава́ть ли́нию свя́зи в эксплуата́цию — open a [the] (communication) line [circuit] for trafficпосыла́ть (сигна́л) в ли́нию свя́зи — transmit to a (communication) lineли́ния свя́зи испо́льзуется для, напр. телефони́и — the (communication) line carries, e. g., telephonyуплотня́ть ли́нию свя́зи — use a (communication) line for multichannel operationуплотня́ть ли́нию свя́зи, напр. 10 кана́лами — multiplex [derive], e. g., 10 channels on a (communication) lineуплотня́ть ли́нию свя́зи с вре́менным разделе́нием сигна́лов — time-multiplex a (communication) line, use a line for time-division multiplexуплотня́ть ли́нию свя́зи с часто́тным разделе́нием сигна́лов — frequency-multiplex a (communication) line, use a line for frequency-division multiplexуплотня́ть ли́нию свя́зи фанто́мной це́лью — phantom a (communication) line, set up [derive] a phantom circuit on a (communication) lineли́ния свя́зи, возду́шная — aerial lineли́ния связи́, двухпроводна́я — two-wire line, two-wire circuitли́ния свя́зи, двухце́пная — double-circuit lineли́ния свя́зи, ка́бельная — cable lineли́ния свя́зи, комбини́рованная — composite communication linkли́ния свя́зи, ме́стная — local circuitли́ния свя́зи, объединя́ющая тлф., телегр. — concentration lineли́ния свя́зи, однопроводна́я — single-wire circuit, single-wire lineли́ния свя́зи, одноцепна́я — single-circuit lineли́ния свя́зи, отходя́щая — offgoing lineли́ния свя́зи, при́городная тлф., телегр. — suburban line, short-haul toll circuitли́ния свя́зи, пупинизи́рованная — coil-loaded lineли́ния свя́зи, радиореле́йная — microwave relay [radio-relay] linkли́ния свя́зи, ретрансляцио́нная — relay linkли́ния свя́зи, служе́бная — order circuit, engineers order wireли́ния свя́зи, спа́ренная — two-party lineли́ния свя́зи, спу́тниковая — satellite communication linkли́ния свя́зи, столбова́я — pole lineли́ния свя́зи, тропосфе́рная — troposcatter [tropospheric-scatter] linkли́ния свя́зи, уплотнё́нная — multiplexed [multichannel] lineли́ния сгора́ния — combustion [ignition] lineсеку́щая ли́ния — secantли́ния се́тки координа́т — grid lineли́ния сжа́тия — compression lineсилова́я ли́ния — line of force, field line, line of fieldсилова́я, магни́тная ли́ния — magnetic line of forceли́ния скачка́ уплотне́ния — shock lineли́ния скольже́ния1. glide line2. метал. slip lineсливна́я ли́ния — drain lineслоева́я ли́ния крист. — layer lineсма́зочная ли́ния — lubrication lineли́ния сме́ны дат — date lineли́ния смеще́ния — displacement lineсоедини́тельная ли́ния ( между коммутационными узлами) тлф. — брит. junction (route), (inter-exchange) junction circuit; амер. trunkназнача́ть соедини́тельную ли́нию — allot a junction (route), assign a trunkсоедини́тельная, входя́щая ли́ния тлф. — incoming junction (route)соедини́тельная, исходя́щая ли́ния тлф. — outgoing junction (route)соедини́тельная, транзи́тная ли́ния тлф. — through-traffic junction (route), tandem [built-up] trunkли́ния сопротивле́ния, расчё́тная — calculated line of resistanceспектра́льная ли́ния — spectral [spectrum] lineвыделя́ть спектра́льную, ли́нию — isolate a spectral lineспектра́льная ли́ния раздва́ивается — the spectral line splitsспектра́льные ли́нии сближа́ются — (the) spectral lines crowd togetherспектра́льные ли́нии сгуща́ются — (the) spectral lines crowd togetherспектра́льные ли́нии характеризу́ют [позволя́ют определя́ть] веще́ства — substances are identified by spectral linesспектра́льная, враща́тельная ли́ния — rotational spectral lineспектра́льная, интенси́вная ли́ния — strong spectral lineспектра́льная, колеба́тельная ли́ния — vibrational spectral lineспектра́льная, ло́жная ли́ния — ghost spectral lineспектра́льная ли́ния поглоще́ния — absorption spectral lineспектра́льная, размы́тая ли́ния — diffuse spectral lineспектра́льная, рентге́новская ли́ния — X-ray spectral lineспектра́льная, сла́бая ли́ния — faint spectral lineспира́льная ли́ния — spiral (line), helixли́ния сплавле́ния — (weld-)fusion lineсплошна́я ли́ния ( на чертеже) — full [solid] lineспра́вочная ли́ния тлф. — information [inquiry] circuitсре́дняя ли́ния валко́в прок. — roll parting lineсре́дняя ли́ния про́филя прок. — camber lineсре́дняя ли́ния трапе́ции — median of a trapezoidли́ния степене́й то́чности — line of precisionсто́ксова ли́ния ( спектра) — Stokes lineстрикцио́нная ли́ния — gorge [striction] line, line of strictionли́ния сходи́мости — convergence lineли́ния теку́чести — flow lineтелеметри́ческая ли́ния — telemetry linkтелефо́нная ли́ния — ( совокупность технических устройств) telephone line; ( в переносном значении) connectionзанима́ть (телефо́нную) ли́нию — hold the connectionосвободи́ть (телефо́нную) ли́нию — clear the lineпрове́рить (телефо́нную) ли́нию на за́нятость — test a line for the engaged condition(телефо́нная) ли́ния занята́ ( ответ оператора) — the line is busy [engaged]теорети́ческая ли́ния мор. — moulded lineтехнологи́ческая ли́ния — production lineли́ния то́ка1. аргд. stream-lineвизуализи́ровать [де́лать ви́димой] ли́нию то́ка — visualize the stream-line2. ( векторного поля) line of flowли́ния то́ка, визуализи́рованная — traced stream-lineли́ния то́ка в крити́ческой то́чке — stagnation stream-lineли́ния то́ка, крити́ческая — stagnation stream-lineли́ния то́ка, раздели́тельная — discriminating [dividing] stream-lineто́лстая ли́ния ( на чертеже) — heavy lineтрансмиссио́нная ли́ния — transmission line, continuous line of shaftingли́ния труб — run of pipesли́ния тя́ги — draft lineли́ния уда́ра — line of impactузлова́я ли́ния — nodal lineуравни́тельная ли́ния тепл. — equalizing lineли́ния у́ровня мат. — contour [level] line, level curveли́ния факти́ческого пути́ ав. — брит. track made good, TMG; амер. trackфока́льная ли́ния — focal lineли́ния фо́кусов аргд. — aerodynamic centre lineфорва́куумная ли́ния — roughing-down lineли́ния форм релье́фа геод. — form [landform] lineфраунго́феровы ли́нии — Fraunhofer-linesхарактеристи́ческая ли́ния — characteristic lineходова́я ли́ния геод., топ. — computation course, computation line, routeхолоста́я ли́ния эл. — unloaded lineли́ния хо́рды ав. — chord lineли́ния це́нтров — line of centres, centre lineли́ния це́нтров давле́ния — centre-of-pressure lineцепна́я ли́ния мат. — catenary, catenary curve, catenary lineли́ния четырёхвалко́вых клете́й прок. — quarto trainчистова́я петлева́я ли́ния прок. — looping finishing trainли́ния широты́ навиг. — line of latitudeли́ния шри́фта — type lineли́ния шри́фта, ве́рхняя — top line of type faceли́ния шри́фта, ни́жняя — bottom line of type faceштрихпункти́рная ли́ния — dash-dot lineэквипотенциа́льная ли́ния — equipotential lineли́ния электропереда́чи [ЛЭП] — (electric) power lineменя́ть ли́нию электропереда́чи — re-string a power lineнаве́шивать ли́нию электропереда́чи — string a (power) lineосуществля́ть высокочасто́тную обрабо́тку ли́нии электропереда́чи — install carrier-frequency trapping and coupling equipment on a power lineли́ния электропереда́чи (нахо́дится) под напряже́нием — the power line is hot [live]ли́ния электропереда́чи, возду́шная — aerial power lineли́ния электропереда́чи высо́кого напряже́ния — high-voltage power lireли́ния электропереда́чи, грозоупо́рная — lightning-resistant power lineли́ния электропереда́чи, ка́бельная — cable power lineли́ния электропереда́чи, подзе́мная — underground [buried] power lineэтало́нная ли́ния — standard lineли́ния этало́нной заде́ржки — standard delay line -
73 met
1 [in gezelschap van] (along) with ⇒ of3 [met betrekking tot deelneming/overeenstemming] with5 [met betrekking tot een wederkerige handeling] with6 [in het bezit van] with7 [met betrekking tot de omstandigheid/gezindheid] with ⇒ by8 [door middel van] with, by ⇒ through, in9 [gelijktijdig met] with, by ⇒ at♦voorbeelden:met (zijn) hoevelen zijn zij? • how many of them are there?ze waren met z'n drieën • there were three of themze kwamen met z'n drieën • three of them camemet deze erbij zijn het er zeven • this one makes sevenmet vijf • plus/and fivetot en met hoofdstuk drie • up to and including chapter threemet wie spreek ik? 〈 aan de telefoon〉 • who am I speaking to?spreken met iemand • speak to someoneeen broodje met ham • a ham rollde man met de hoed • the man with the hat onmet kleren en al dook hij het water in • he dived into the water clothes and allmet dat al • yet for all thatmet de trein van acht uur • by the eight o'clock trainmet een cheque/geld betalen • pay by cheque/(in) cashzijn tijd doorbrengen met luieren • spend one's time lazing aboutik kom met Kerstmis • I'm coming at Christmasmet de klok van twaalven • on the stroke of twelveal met al • altogetherdaar heb je hem weer met zijn knappe kinderen • there he goes again about his handsome children -
74 Mylne, Robert
[br]b. 1733 Edinburgh, Scotland d. 1811[br]Scottish engineer, architect and bridge-builder.[br]Mylne was the eldest son of Thomas Mylne, Surveyor to the City of Edinburgh. Little is known of his early education. In 1754, at the age of 21, he left Edinburgh by sea and journeyed to Rome, where he attended the Academy of St Luke. There he received the first prize for architecture. In 1759 he left Rome to travel back to England, where he arrived in time for the competition then going ahead for the design and building of a new bridge across the Thames at Blackfriars. Against 68 other competitors, Mylne won the competition; the work took some ten years to complete.In 1760 he was appointed Engineer and Architect to the City of London, and in 1767 Joint Engineer to the New River Company together with Henry Mill, who died within a few years to leave Mylne to become Chief Engineer in 1770. Thus for the next forty years he was in charge of all the works for the New River Company between Clerkenwell and Ware, the opposite ends of London's main water supply. By 1767 he had also been appointed to a number of other important posts, which included Surveyor to Canterbury Cathedral and St Paul's Cathedral. In addition to undertaking his responsibilities for these great public buildings, he designed many private houses and villas all over the country, including several buildings for the Duke of Argyll on the Inverary Castle estate.Mylne was also responsible for the design of a great number of bridges, waterworks and other civil engineering works throughout Britain. Called in to advise on the Norwich city waterworks, he fell out with Joseph Bramah in a somewhat spectacular dispute.For much of his life Mylne lived at the Water House at the New River Head at Islington, from which he could direct much of the work on that waterway that came under his supervision. He also had residences in New Bridge Street and, as Clerk of Works, at Greenwich Hospital. Towards the end of his life he built himself a small house at Amwell, a country retreat at the outer end of the New River. He kept a diary from 1762 to 1810 which includes only brief memoranda but which shows a remarkable diligence in travelling all over the country by stagecoach and by postchaise. He was a freemason, as were many of his family; he married Mary Home on 10 September 1770, with whom he had ten children, four of whom survived into adulthood.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFellow of the Royal Society 1767.Further ReadingDictionary of National Biography, London.A.E.Richardson, 1955, Robert Mylne, 1733–1811, Engineer and Architect, London: Batsford. -
75 pour
pour [puʀ]━━━━━━━━━1. preposition━━━━━━━━━1. <a. ( = en faveur de) for• tu en as pour combien de temps ? how long are you going to be?• ne m'attendez pas, j'en ai encore pour une heure don't wait for me, I'll be another hourd. ( = à la place de) for• c'est bien trop cher pour ce que c'est ! it's far too expensive for what it is!• pour un Anglais, il parle bien le français he speaks French well for an Englishmanf. (intention, but) for• c'est fait pour ! (inf) that's what it's meant for!► pour + infinitif to• ce n'est pas pour arranger les choses this isn't going to help matters► pour que + subjonctif so that• écris vite ta lettre pour qu'elle parte ce soir write your letter quickly so that it will go this eveningg. (cause) pour quelle raison ? for what reason?• pourquoi se faire du souci pour ça ? why worry about that?► pour + infinitif passé• elle a été punie pour avoir menti she was punished for lying► pour peu que + subjonctif• pour peu qu'il ait un peu bu, il va raconter n'importe quoi if he's had even the smallest drink he'll say anythingh. ( = du point de vue de, concernant) pour moi, elle était déjà au courant if you ask me, she already knew• et pour les billets, c'est toi qui t'en charges ? so, you'll take care of the tickets, will you?i. ( = en échange de) donnez-moi pour 20 € de cerises give me 20 euros' worth of cherries, please• il l'a eu pour 10 € he got it for 10 euros• j'en ai eu pour 50 € de photocopies it cost me 50 euros to do the photocopiesj. ( = comme) as• pour un sale coup, c'est un sale coup ! (inf) of all the awful things to happen!• pour une surprise, c'est une surprise ! this really is a surprise!2. <* * *
I puʀ1) ( indiquant le but) topour cela, il faudra faire — to do that, you'll have to do
c'était pour rire or plaisanter — it was a joke
il est seul mais il a tout fait pour — (colloq) he's on his own, but it's entirely his own doing
c'est fait or étudié pour! — (colloq) ( c'est sa fonction) that's what it's for
2) ( indiquant une destination) for3) ( en ce qui concerne)c'est bien payé mais pour la sécurité de l'emploi... — the pay is good but as regards job security...
oui, c'est pour quoi? — yes, what is it?
pour moi, il a tort — as far as I am concerned, he's wrong
4) ( en faveur de) forje suis pour — (colloq) I'm in favour [BrE]
être pour quelque chose/faire quelque chose — gén to be in favour [BrE] of something/doing something
5) ( avec une indication de temps) for6) ( comme)7) ( à la place de) for8) ( à son avantage)‘il te parlera du Japon’ - ‘pour ce que ça m'intéresse!’ — ‘he'll talk to you about Japan’ - ‘I can't say I'm very interested’
10) ( marquant l'emphase)pour être intelligente, ça elle l'est! — she really is intelligent!, intelligent she certainly is!
11) ( indiquant une quantité)il n'en a plus pour longtemps — ( mourant) he doesn't have long to live
12) ( indiquant une cause) for13) ( introduisant une proportion)
II puʀnom masculin
••
pour + verbeLorsque pour sert à indiquer un but il se traduit généralement par to devant un verbe à l'infinitif: sortir pour acheter un journal = to go out to buy a newspaper; pour faire des meringues, il faut des oeufs = to make meringues, you need eggsIl peut également se traduire par in order to, qui est plus soutenu: pour mettre fin aux hostilités = in order to put an end to hostilitiesQuand pour est suivi d'une forme négative, il se traduira par so as not to ou in order not to: pour ne pas oublier = so as not to forget; pour ne pas rater le train = so as not to miss the train, in order not to miss the trainLorsque pour relie deux actions distinctes sans relation de cause à effet, il sera traduit par and et le verbe conjugué normalement: elle s'endormit pour se réveiller deux heures plus tard = she fell asleep and woke up two hours later. Quand la deuxième action n'est pas souhaitable ou qu'une notion de hasard malheureux est sous-entendue, on traduira par only to: she fell asleep only to wake up two hours later; il partit à la guerre pour se faire tuer trois jours plus tard = he went off to war only to be killed three days laterpour + nom ou pronomLorsque pour sert à indiquer la destination au sens large il se traduit généralement par for: le train pour Pau = the train for Pau; pour vendredi = for Friday; il travaille pour elle = he works for herLorsque pour signifie en ce qui concerne, il se traduira le plus souvent par about: tu te renseignes pour une assurance voiture/pour samedi? = will you find out about car insurance/about Saturday?Attention: pour placé en début de phrase se traduira par as regards: pour l'argent, rien n'est décidé = as regards the money, nothing has been decided ou nothing has been decided about the moneyLorsque pour signifie comme il se traduit souvant par as: je l'ai eu pour professeur = I had him as a teacherLorsque pour relie un terme redoublé il se traduit parfois par for: mot pour mot = word for word; mais ce n'est pas toujours le cas: jour pour jour = to the day. On se reportera au nom dans le dictionnaire* * *puʀ1. prép1) (destination, finalité) forC'est un cadeau pour toi. — It's a present for you.
pour faire qch — to do sth, in order to do sth
Je lui ai téléphoné pour l'inviter. — I phoned him to invite him.
J'ai ajouté une cornière pour consolider l'ensemble. — I added a bracket to make it all a bit stronger.
pour aller à Strasbourg, s'il vous plaît? — which way is it to Strasbourg, please?
Je lui ai prêté mon pull pour qu'elle n'ait pas froid. — I lent her my jumper so that she wouldn't be cold.
pour moi (= à mon avis) — in my view, (= pour ma part) for my part, personally
Pour moi, il ne dit pas toute la vérité. — In my view he's not telling the whole truth.
Pour moi, je vais dorénavant être plus prudent. — For my part, I shall be more cautious from now on.
3) (cause) forOn l'a mis en prison pour un délit mineur. — He was jailed for a minor offence.
Il a été critiqué pour avoir posé sa candidature. — He was criticized for applying.
4) (concession)pour riche que... — rich though...
5) (proportion)pour 100 euros de... — 100 euros' worth of...
Donnez-moi pour 20 euros d'essence. — Give me 20 euros' worth of petrol.
2. nm(= avantage)* * *I.pour ⇒ Note d'usage prép1 ( indiquant le but) to; pour cela, il faudra faire to do that, you'll have to do; pour bien faire il faudrait partir tôt to be really sure we should leave early; c'était pour rire or plaisanter it was a joke; il est seul mais il a tout fait pour○ he's on his own, but it's entirely his own doing; pour que so that; que faire pour qu'elle comprenne? how can we get her to understand?; pour ainsi dire so to speak; quelque chose pour le mal de tête/le rhume something for headaches/colds; c'est fait or étudié pour○! ( c'est sa fonction) that's what it's for; bien sûr tu peux en manger, c'est fait pour! of course you can eat some, that's what it's there for!;2 ( indiquant une destination) for; le train pour Paris ( prêt à partir) the train for Paris; ( plus général) the train to Paris; l'avion pour Paris the Paris plane, the plane to Paris; c'est le train pour où? where does this train go?; il faut une heure pour Oloron it's an hour to Oloron;3 ( en ce qui concerne) j'ai choisi le sujet d'étude mais pour l'université je ne sais pas encore I've decided on my subject but as regards the university I'm not sure yet ou but I'm not sure about the university yet; c'est bien payé mais pour la sécurité de l'emploi… the pay is good but as regards job security ou as far as job security goes…; oui, c'est pour quoi? yes, what is it?; ( plus poli) yes, what can I do for you?; pour moi, il a tort as far as I am concerned, he's wrong; qu'est-il pour toi, un ami? how do you see him? as a friend?;4 ( en faveur de) for; voter pour un candidat to vote for a candidate; 120 voix pour et 95 contre 120 votes for and 95 against; c'est pour la recherche contre le cancer it's for ou in aid of cancer research; je suis pour○ I'm in favourGB; être pour qch/faire qch gén to be in favourGB of sth/doing sth; je suis pour que Catherine reste I'm in favourGB of Catherine staying; je suis pour les Verts I'm for the ecologists; je suis pour Paris Sport I support Paris;5 ( avec une indication de temps) for; ce sera prêt pour vendredi? will it be ready for ou by Friday?; pour plus tard/aujourd'hui for later/today; pour toujours forever; pour le moment or l'instant for the moment, for the time being; le bébé/le baptême c'est pour quand? when is the baby due/the christening?;6 ( comme) elle a pour ambition d'être pilote her ambition is to be a pilot; elle a pour principe de ne jamais emprunter de l'argent it's a rule with her ou it's one of her principles never to borrow money; ils ont pour habitude de déjeuner tard they usually have a late lunch; n'avoir pour toute arme qu'un bâton to be armed only with a stick; il n'avait qu'un pantalon pour tout vêtement he was wearing nothing but a pair of trousers GB ou pants US;7 ( à la place de) for; écrire qch pour qch to write sth instead of sth; je l'ai pris pour plus bête qu'il n'est I thought he was more stupid than he really is; je suis ici pour ma collègue I'm here in place of my colleague;8 ( à son avantage) elle avait pour elle de savoir écouter/la patience she had the merit of being a good listener/being patient;9 ( introduisant une concession) pour intelligent qu'il soit intelligent though he may be; ‘il te parlera du Japon’-‘pour ce que ça m'intéresse!’ ‘he'll talk to you about Japan’-‘I can't say I'm very interested’; pour peu qu' il y ait du monde sur la route nous serons en retard there only has to be a bit of traffic and we'll be late; pour autant que je sache as far as I know;10 ( marquant l'emphase) pour être intelligente, ça elle l'est! she really is intelligent!, intelligent she certainly is!;11 ( indiquant une quantité) j'ai mis pour 50 euros d'essence I've put in 50 euros' worth of petrol GB ou gas US; merci pour tout thank you for everything; pleurer pour un rien to cry over nothing; s'inquiéter pour un rien to fret about nothing; je n'y suis pour rien I had nothing to do with it; ne t'inquiète pas pour si peu don't worry about a little thing like that; tu y es bien pour quelque chose si elle est malheureuse if she's miserable, it has certainly got something to do with you; il y est pour beaucoup si elle est malheureuse if she's miserable, he's largely to blame; elle y est pour beaucoup s'il a réussi if he has succeeded a lot of the credit should go to her; je n'en ai pas pour longtemps it won't take long; il n'en a plus pour longtemps ( mourant) he doesn't have long to live; j'en ai encore pour deux heures it'll take another two hours; j'en ai pour une minute it'll only take a minute;12 ( indiquant une cause) for; se battre pour une femme to fight over a woman; être battu pour avoir menti to be beaten for lying; ⇒ oui;13 ( introduisant une proportion) dix pour cent ten per cent; pour 250 employés, seulement 28 sont des femmes out of 250 employees only 28 are female; une cuillère de vinaigre pour quatre d'huile one spoonful of vinegar to four of oil; pour une large part to a large extent.II.[pur] préposition1. [indiquant le lieu où l'on va] forun billet pour Paris a ticket for ou to Paris2. [dans le temps - indiquant le moment] forpourriez-vous avoir fini pour lundi/demain? could you have it finished for Monday/tomorrow?[indiquant la durée] forb. [à vivre] he hasn't got long to live3. [exprimant la cause]il est tombé malade pour avoir mangé trop d'huîtres he fell ill after eating ou because he ate too many oysterssa bonne constitution y est pour quelque chose his strong constitution had something to do with ou played a part in itelle est pour beaucoup dans le succès de la pièce the success of the play is to a large extent due to her, she has had a great deal to do with the success of the playne me remerciez pas, je n'y suis pour rien don't thank me, I didn't have anything to do with it4. [exprimant la conséquence] toil a erré trois heures en forêt pour se retrouver à son point de départ he wandered for three hours in the forest, only to find he was back where he'd started from5. [capable de]je me suis trompé et il ne s'est trouvé personne pour me le dire I made a mistake and nobody was capable of telling me6. [par rapport à] for7. [avec une valeur emphatique]pour un champion, c'est un champion! that's what I call a (real) champion!perdre pour perdre, autant que ce soit en beauté if we are going to lose, we might as well do it in stylepour être en colère, je l'étais! I was so angry!8. [indiquant une proportion, un pourcentage] peril faut 200 g de farine pour une demi-livre de beurre take 200 g of flour to ou for half a pound of butter9. [moyennant]10. [à la place de] forpour le directeur [dans la correspondance] pp Director12. [en guise de, en qualité de]prendre quelqu'un pour époux/épouse to take somebody to be one's husband/wifeavoir quelqu'un pour ami/professeur to have somebody as a friend/teacherj'ai pour principe que... I believe on principle that...le livre a pour titre... the book's title is..., the book is entitled...13. [indiquant l'attribution, la destination, le but] formes sentiments pour elle my feelings towards ou for herc'est pour quoi faire, ce truc? what's that thing for?a. [recette] serves 4b. [couchage] sleeps 414. (suivi de l'infinitif) [afin de] (in order) toje suis venu pour vous voir I'm here ou I've come to see yousi tu veux réussir, il faut tout faire pour if you want to succeed you have to do everything possiblevoter pour quelqu'un to vote for ou in favour of somebody16. [du point de vue de]ça compte peu pour toi, mais pour moi c'est tellement important it matters little to you but to ou for me it's so importantpour moi, il a dû se réconcilier avec elle if you ask me, he must have made it up with her17. [en ce qui concerne]pour certains de nos collègues, la situation est inchangée as far as some of our colleagues are concerned, the situation has not changedpour ce qui est de l'avancement, voyez avec le responsable du personnel as far as promotion is concerned, see the personnel officer18. (soutenu) [exprimant la concession]pour être jeune, elle n'en est pas moins compétente young though she is she's very able[en corrélation avec 'que']pour patient qu'il soit, il ne supportera pas cette situation for all his patience, he won't put up with this situationil était pour partir he was about to leave ou on the point of leaving————————[pur] nom masculin invariableles pour l'emportent POLITIQUE (humoristique) the argument in favour is overwhelming, the ayes have it————————pour que locution conjonctivej'ai pris des places non-fumeurs pour que vous ne soyez pas incommodés par la fumée I've got non-smoking seats so that you won't be bothered by the smoke2. [exprimant la conséquence] -
76 سريع
سَرِيع \ brisk: quick; active: a brisk walk; a brisk sale of goods. fast: quick; quickly: He is a fast runner. He runs very fast. light: able to move quickly and gracefully: She’s light on her feet. He ran lightly up the stairs. prompt: done quickly; quick to act: She gave a prompt answer. She is prompt with her answers. quick: taking little time: We’ve time for a quick meal. He sent a quick answer to my letter. Be quick (Hurry), or you’ll miss the bus., (Note: use fast with nouns of travel: a fast runner, not a quick runner). rapid: quick; fast: rapid results; a rapid flow of water. smart: quick: a smart blow. speedy: quick; not delayed. swift: quick; fast: a swift answer; a swift river. \ سَرِيع الالتِهاب \ inflammable: also flammable easily set on fire: Petrol is very inflammable. \ See Also الاشتِعال \ سَرِيع الانْفِعَال \ emotional: expressing a stirring up feeling; guided by feeling and not by reason: She made an emotional speech. He is too emotional in his judgments. \ سَرِيع الانْكِسَار \ brittle: hard but easily broken: Cheap glass is often brittle. \ سَرِيع البَديهَةِ \ sharp: (of the senses) keen; acting quickly and strongly: sharp eyes (quick to notice things that are not easily seen); a sharp pain (sudden and violent). \ See Also حاضِر (للشخص) حادّ \ سَرِيع التَّأثُّر \ sensitive: (of a person and his feelings) easily hurt: a sensitive girl, who cries if she is scolded, (of an instrument, of material, of skin, etc.) showing a rapid effect under certain conditions Photographic film is sensitive to light. \ See Also حساس (حَسّاس) \ سَرِيع التَّأثُّر بِـ \ susceptible: easily moved in one’s feelings; feeling the effects of (sb. or sth.) more than most people: He was particularly susceptible to pretty girls. I am susceptible to colds. \ سَرِيع التَّأثُّر بالزَّغْزَغة \ ticklish: easily made to laugh, by tickling the body: a ticklish child. \ سَرِيع التعَلُّم \ apt: quick to learn. \ سَرِيع التَّلف \ perishable: (of goods, esp. food) decaying quickly; not lasting (unless frozen or tinned): Fruit, meat and eggs are perishable. \ See Also العَطَب \ سَرِيع التَّهَيُّج \ excitable: easily excited. \ سَرِيع الخاطِر \ witty: clever and amusing with words: a witty story; a witty speaker. \ سَرِيع العَطَب \ delicate: finely made but easily damaged: a delicate musical instrument. \ سَرِيع الغَضَب \ irritable: easily annoyed. peevish: easily annoyed about unimportant things. touchy: easily annoyed; easily hurt (in one’s feelings). quick-tempered: easily angered. short-tempered: easily angered. -
77 brisk
سَرِيع \ brisk: quick; active: a brisk walk; a brisk sale of goods. fast: quick; quickly: He is a fast runner. He runs very fast. light: able to move quickly and gracefully: She’s light on her feet. He ran lightly up the stairs. prompt: done quickly; quick to act: She gave a prompt answer. She is prompt with her answers. quick: taking little time: We’ve time for a quick meal. He sent a quick answer to my letter. Be quick (Hurry), or you’ll miss the bus., (Note: use fast with nouns of travel: a fast runner, not a quick runner). rapid: quick; fast: rapid results; a rapid flow of water. smart: quick: a smart blow. speedy: quick; not delayed. swift: quick; fast: a swift answer; a swift river. -
78 fast
سَرِيع \ brisk: quick; active: a brisk walk; a brisk sale of goods. fast: quick; quickly: He is a fast runner. He runs very fast. light: able to move quickly and gracefully: She’s light on her feet. He ran lightly up the stairs. prompt: done quickly; quick to act: She gave a prompt answer. She is prompt with her answers. quick: taking little time: We’ve time for a quick meal. He sent a quick answer to my letter. Be quick (Hurry), or you’ll miss the bus., (Note: use fast with nouns of travel: a fast runner, not a quick runner). rapid: quick; fast: rapid results; a rapid flow of water. smart: quick: a smart blow. speedy: quick; not delayed. swift: quick; fast: a swift answer; a swift river. -
79 light
سَرِيع \ brisk: quick; active: a brisk walk; a brisk sale of goods. fast: quick; quickly: He is a fast runner. He runs very fast. light: able to move quickly and gracefully: She’s light on her feet. He ran lightly up the stairs. prompt: done quickly; quick to act: She gave a prompt answer. She is prompt with her answers. quick: taking little time: We’ve time for a quick meal. He sent a quick answer to my letter. Be quick (Hurry), or you’ll miss the bus., (Note: use fast with nouns of travel: a fast runner, not a quick runner). rapid: quick; fast: rapid results; a rapid flow of water. smart: quick: a smart blow. speedy: quick; not delayed. swift: quick; fast: a swift answer; a swift river. -
80 prompt
سَرِيع \ brisk: quick; active: a brisk walk; a brisk sale of goods. fast: quick; quickly: He is a fast runner. He runs very fast. light: able to move quickly and gracefully: She’s light on her feet. He ran lightly up the stairs. prompt: done quickly; quick to act: She gave a prompt answer. She is prompt with her answers. quick: taking little time: We’ve time for a quick meal. He sent a quick answer to my letter. Be quick (Hurry), or you’ll miss the bus., (Note: use fast with nouns of travel: a fast runner, not a quick runner). rapid: quick; fast: rapid results; a rapid flow of water. smart: quick: a smart blow. speedy: quick; not delayed. swift: quick; fast: a swift answer; a swift river.
См. также в других словарях:
Water heating — is a thermodynamic process using an energy source to heat water above its initial temperature. Typical domestic uses of hot water are for cooking, cleaning, bathing, and space heating. In industry, both hot water and water heated to steam have… … Wikipedia
ground-water travel time — 1. The time required for ground water to travel between two locations [22]. 2. The time required for a unit volume of ground water to travel between two locations. The travel time is the length of the flow path divided by the velocity,… … Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology
Time portal — Time portals are doorways in time, employed in various fiction genres, especially science fiction and fantasy to transport characters instantaneously to the past or future. They can be represented as vortices of energy, which allow matter to… … Wikipedia
Time in physics — In physics, the treatment of time is a central issue. It has been treated as a question of geometry. One can measure time and treat it as a geometrical dimension, such as length, and perform mathematical operations on it. It is a scalar quantity… … Wikipedia
Water resources — A natural wetland Water resources are sources of water that are useful or potentially useful. Uses of water include agricultural, industrial … Wikipedia
Travel medicine — or emporiatrics is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention and management of health problems of international travelers. Globalization and travelGlobalization facilitates the spread of disease and increases the number of travelers… … Wikipedia
Travel literature — Travel writing and its most common sub genres First edition of … Wikipedia
Travel insurance — is insurance that is intended to cover medical expenses, financial default of travel suppliers, and other losses incurred while traveling, either within one s own country, or internationally. Temporary travel insurance can usually be arranged at… … Wikipedia
Water skiing — is a sport where an individual (or more than one individual) is pulled behind a motor boat or a cable ski installation on a body of water wearing one or more skis. The surface area of the ski (or skis) keeps the person skimming on the surface of… … Wikipedia
Water transport in Zambia — Water transport, and the many navigable inland waterways, in Zambia has a long tradition of practical use in Zambia except in parts of the south. Since draught animals such as oxen were not heavily used, water transport was usually the only… … Wikipedia
Time from NPL — Map showing the location of the Anthorn VLF transmitter within Cumbria … Wikipedia