Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

со всех языков на все языки

those+who+became

  • 61 хлеб-соль!

    I
    • ХЛЕБ ДА <И> СОЛЬ!; ХЛЕБ-СОЛЬ! all obs now used as an imitation of peasants old-fashioned speech
    [formula phrase; these forms only; fixed WO]
    =====
    1. a greeting, salutation to those who are seated around the table at a meal:
    - good appetite!;
    - eqjoy your meal!
         ♦ В дворницкую вошёл Юрий Андреевич с двумя вёдрами. "Хлеб да соль". - "Просим вашей милости. Садись, гостем будешь" (Пастернак 1). Yurii Andreievich came in with two buckets. "Good appetite." "Make yourself at home. Sit down and have dinner with us" (1a).
    2. an invitation to a person or persons who arrive at mealtime and find another or others at the table, eating:
    - you're welcome to join me <us>;
    - please join me <us>.
    —————
    ← See X-40.
    II
    [NP; sing only; usu. obj or subj]
    =====
    ⇒ food cordially and generously given to a guest; by extension warm and generous treatment of a guest:
    - (share < offer>) one's bread;
    - hospitality.
         ♦ "Вот почему я особенно вам благодарна, Родион Романыч, что вы не погнушались моим хлебом-солью, даже и при такой обстановке..." (Достоевский 3). "That is why I am so especially grateful to you, Rodion Romanych, for not scorning my bread and salt, even in such circumstances..." (3c).
         ♦...Вообще они были народ добрый, полны гостеприимства, и человек, вкусивший с ними хлеба-соли или просидевший вечер за вистом, уже становился чем-то близким... (Гоголь 3). In general, they were kindly and very hospitable, and anyone who had partaken of their hospitality or spent an evening playing whist with them became one of them... (3d).
    —————
    ← From an old Slavic custom (still occasionally observed, especially in the countryside) of presenting a round loaf of bread and some salt to a guest of honor as a sign of respect and welcome.

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > хлеб-соль!

  • 62 one

    1. noun
    1) (the number or figure 1: One and one is two (1 + 1 = 2).) en, et; ett(all)
    2) (the age of 1: Babies start to talk at one.) ettårsalder
    2. pronoun
    1) (a single person or thing: She's the one I like the best; I'll buy the red one.) den(ne)/det(te); den/det røde osv.
    2) (anyone; any person: One can see the city from here.) en, man
    3. adjective
    1) (1 in number: one person; He took one book.) en
    2) (aged 1: The baby will be one tomorrow.) ett (år gammel)
    3) (of the same opinion etc: We are one in our love of freedom.) som én, av samme mening
    •
    - oneself
    - one-night stand
    - one-off
    - one-parent family
    - one-sided
    - one-way
    - one-year-old     4. adjective
    ((of a person, animal or thing) that is one year old.) ettårs-, ettårig
    - be one up on a person
    - be one up on
    - not be oneself
    - one and all
    - one another
    - one by one
    - one or two
    I
    subst. \/wʌn\/
    1) ettall
    2) ener
    3) enhet
    be a one for ( hverdagslig) være gal etter
    by ones en og en, en av gangen
    by ones and twos enkeltvis og to av gangen, en og en og to og to
    never a one ( hverdagslig) ikke en eneste en
    you are a one! ( hverdagslig) du er en fin en!
    II
    determ. \/wʌn\/
    1) en, et, ett
    2) eneste
    3) den ene, det ene
    4) (en og) samme
    at one enige, i harmoni
    at one with i ett med
    be all one to somebody være det samme for noen, komme ut på ett for noen
    become one bli ett
    be one of være en av, høre til
    be one with være ett med, høre sammen med være enig med
    for one for noens vedkommende, hva noen angår
    for one thing for det første, først og fremst for eksempel
    get something in one ( hverdagslig) greie noe ved første forsøk gjette riktig med det samme
    (all) in one (alt) i ett i forening, i samstemmighet til sammen i en og samme person
    a new one ( hverdagslig) noe nytt
    not one ikke en eneste en
    one after another eller one after the other den ene etter den andre, etter hverandre
    one and a half en og en halv, halvannen
    one and all hver eneste en, alle sammen, alle som en
    one and another både den ene og den andre
    the one and only...! den\/det eneste ene...!, den uforlignelige!
    one at a time eller one at the time en og en, en av gangen
    one by one en og en, en av gangen den ene etter den andre
    one half of halvparten av, halvdelen av
    one or other den ene eller den andre, en eller annen
    one or the other en av delene, ett av to
    • marry her or leave her, one or the other
    one or two et par (stykker), to-tre (stykker)
    (the) one... the other (det) ene.. det andre, en... en annen, den første... den neste
    one thing and\/with another det ene med det andre
    one with another det ene med det andre i gjennomsnitt, stort sett
    tell (the) one from the other skjelne det ene fra det andre, skjelne noe fra hverandre
    III
    pron. \/wʌn\/
    1) man, en
    2) ( refleksiv) seg
    3) en (viss)
    • one Mr. John Smith
    4) en, noen, noe, den
    • where is my umbrella? - you didn't bring one
    • he is not a great man, but he hopes to become one
    han er ingen stor mann, men han håper på å bli det
    5) (etter adjektiv og som adjektiv brukt som substantiv, ofte uten tilsvarende i norsk) en, (som) sådan
    • take the red box, not the black one
    ta den røde boksen, ikke den svarte
    • do you want hard pears or soft ones?
    • pick me out a good one!
    • give me some good ones!
    han var en soldat, og en tapper sådan
    be one for something å like, å være glad i
    get one on the jaw ( hverdagslig) få seg en på tygga
    get something in one lykkes med noe på første forsøk
    have one on me! ta en drink, jeg spanderer!
    lay about one slå om seg
    the little one den lille
    little ones smårollinger, små, unger
    my dear ones mine kjære
    the one den
    one's ens, sin, sitt, sine
    one too many en (alkoholholdig drink) for mye
    • the party was good, but I had one too many, I'm afraid
    festen var bra, men jeg er redd jeg drakk for mye
    that one den der
    that was one for you! ett poeng til deg! den satt!
    that was one on you! der fikk du!, den var myntet på deg!
    which one hvilken
    • which ones do you like?

    English-Norwegian dictionary > one

  • 63 PIDE

    (Political Police)
       Commonly known as the PIDE, the Estado Novo's political police was established in 1932. The acronym of PIDE stood for Polícia Internacional e de Defesa do Estado or International and State Defense State Police, the name it was known by from 1945 to 1969. From 1932 to 1945, it was known by a different acronym: PVDE or Polícia da Vigilância e de Defesa do Estado. After Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar was replaced in office by Marcello Caetano, the political police was renamed DGS, Direcção-Geral da Seguridade or Directorate General of Security.
       This force was the most infamous means of repression and a major source of fear among the opposition during the long history of the Estado Novo. While it was described as "secret police," nearly everyone knew of its existence, although its methods — in theory—were "secret." The PVDE/PIDE/DGS had functions much broader than purely the repression of any opposition to the regime. It combined the roles of a border police, customs inspectorate, immigration force, political police, and a regime vetting administration of credentials for government or even private sector jobs. Furthermore, this police had powers of arrest, pursued nonpolitical criminals, and administered its own prison system. From the 1950s on, the PIDE extended its operations to the empire and began to directly suppress oppositionists in various colonies in Africa and Asia.
       While this police became more notorious and known to the public after 1958-61, before that new outburst of antiregime activity, it was perhaps more effective in neutralizing or destroying oppositionist groups. It was especially effective in damaging the Communist Party of Portugal (PCP) in the 1930s and early 1940s. Yet, beginning with the unprecedented strikes and political activities of 194345, the real heyday had passed. During World War II, its top echelons were in the pay of both the Allies and Axis powers, although in later propaganda from the left, the PIDE's pro-Axis reputation was carefully groomed into a myth.
       As for its actual strength and resources, it seems clear that it employed several thousand officers and also had thousands of informants in the general population. Under new laws of 1945, this police force received the further power to institute 90-day detention without charge or trial and such a detention could easily be renewed. A who's-who of the political opposition emerges from those who spent years in PIDE prisons or were frequently arrested without charge. The PIDE remained numerous and well-funded into 1974, when the Revolution of 25 April 1974 overthrew the regime and abolished it. A major question remains: If this police knew much about the Armed Forces Movement coup conspiracy, why was it so ineffective in arresting known leaders and squashing the plot?

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > PIDE

  • 64 זול I

    זוּלI (b. h., v. זָלַל) to be of slight value, to be cheap; to be despicable, mean. Sabb.55b (play on פ̇ח̇ז̇, Gen. 49:4) פ̇זתה ח̇בתה זַ̇לְתָּה (not זלתא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 300) thou wast rash, becamest guilty, degradedst thyself. Snh.98a מלכות הַזָּלָה the despicable (Roman) government (Rashi: ‘the slightest trace of tyranny). 2) (cmp. בּוּז) to squander, be excessive in sensual enjoyments, be dissolute. Num. R. s. 10 (ed. Amst. p. 240a>) חבורה של זָלִין a company of dissolute men. Polel זֹולֵל, only as part. 1) low, mean. Midr. Prov. to II, 4 (ref. to Jer. 15:19) כל … להוציאד״ת מז׳ he who succeeds in making the words of the Law come forth from a low man (who educates an abandoned person).Pesik. R. s. 21 נעשה העולם זֹולֵלָה the world became an object reduced in value. 2) spendthrift, glutton. Sifré Deut. 219 ז׳ בבשר zolel (Deut. 21:20) refers to excesses in eating meat (v. Snh.VIII, 2). Hif. הֵזִיל 1) to become cheap, fall in price. Y.Keth.XII, beg.34d היו ביוקר והֵזִילוּ if provisions were dear and fell in price. 2) to treat with contempt. Treat. Der. Er. ch. II מְזִילֵי הרבים those who treat the public B. Bath.25a, v. נָזַל. Hof. הוּזָל to fall in price. B. Mets.V, 8 והוּזְלוּ and (the wheat) fell. Ib. 75a; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > זול I

  • 65 זוּל

    זוּלI (b. h., v. זָלַל) to be of slight value, to be cheap; to be despicable, mean. Sabb.55b (play on פ̇ח̇ז̇, Gen. 49:4) פ̇זתה ח̇בתה זַ̇לְתָּה (not זלתא, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 300) thou wast rash, becamest guilty, degradedst thyself. Snh.98a מלכות הַזָּלָה the despicable (Roman) government (Rashi: ‘the slightest trace of tyranny). 2) (cmp. בּוּז) to squander, be excessive in sensual enjoyments, be dissolute. Num. R. s. 10 (ed. Amst. p. 240a>) חבורה של זָלִין a company of dissolute men. Polel זֹולֵל, only as part. 1) low, mean. Midr. Prov. to II, 4 (ref. to Jer. 15:19) כל … להוציאד״ת מז׳ he who succeeds in making the words of the Law come forth from a low man (who educates an abandoned person).Pesik. R. s. 21 נעשה העולם זֹולֵלָה the world became an object reduced in value. 2) spendthrift, glutton. Sifré Deut. 219 ז׳ בבשר zolel (Deut. 21:20) refers to excesses in eating meat (v. Snh.VIII, 2). Hif. הֵזִיל 1) to become cheap, fall in price. Y.Keth.XII, beg.34d היו ביוקר והֵזִילוּ if provisions were dear and fell in price. 2) to treat with contempt. Treat. Der. Er. ch. II מְזִילֵי הרבים those who treat the public B. Bath.25a, v. נָזַל. Hof. הוּזָל to fall in price. B. Mets.V, 8 והוּזְלוּ and (the wheat) fell. Ib. 75a; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > זוּל

  • 66 חזק

    חָזַק(b. h.; cmp. אדק, הדק, חדק) ( to squeeze together, (neut. verb) to be thick, solid; to be strong. Y.Ber.I, 2c bot. (ref. to Gen. 1:6) יֶחֱזַק הרקיעוכ׳ let the expanse become solidified, let it coagulate, congeal; Gen. R. s. 4; (Yalk. ib. 5 יתחזק, Hithpa.). Pi. חִיזֵּק to join, repair, tighten, strengthen. Snh.94a (expl. חזקיה) שחי׳ את ישראלוכ׳ (Ms. M. שהחזיק, Hif.) he joined Israel to their Father Ib. שחִזְּקוֹ יה the Lord strengthened him. Pes.45a שעשוי לחַזֵּק Ms. M. where the dough in the cracks is put in for repairing the trough. Sabb.146b (העשוי) לחַ׳ when the hole was filled up for making the vessel sound, opp. לשמר to prevent evaporation; a. fr.Part. pass. מְחוּזָּק, pl. מְחוּזָּקִים. Sifré Num. 1 אין מְחַזְּקִים אלא המח׳ (ed. תמוחז׳) only the strong-minded it is worth while to strengthen (encourage). Hif. הֶחֱזִיק 1) same, v. supra.ה׳ טובה ל־ to attach merit to, to account as merit, to be grateful. Ab. II, 8 אל תַּחֲזִיק ט׳ לעצמך do not claim credit for it (be not proud). Yoma 86b אלא שמַחֲזִיק לו ט׳ but He even gives him credit (for his sins when he repents). Men.53a הַחֲזֵק ליוכ׳ give me credit for making Thee known Keth.68a, a. e. בואו ונַחֲזִיקוכ׳ let us be thankful to the fraudulent poor ; a. fr. 2) (with יד) to strengthen, to encourage, abet. Gitt.V, 9 לפי שאין מַחֲזִיקִיןוכ׳ because we must not encourage (by favors) those who do wrong. Ib. ומחזיקין ידיעכו״םוכ׳ we may encourage (greet with תחזקנה ידיכם, Zech. 8:9) gentiles at agricultural work in the Sabbatical year; a. fr. 3) to hold, contain. Ib. 57a אין עורו מחזיקוכ׳ its skin (once flayed) can not again cover its entire body (it shrinks). Ib. (in Chald. dict.) אפי׳ שתין … לא מ׳ it would not have room even for sixty myriads of reeds. Par. VII, 8 בשביל שתַּחֲזִיקוכ׳ in order that it (the reservoir) might hold more water. Ukts. III, 12 לא מצא … מחזיקוכ׳ the Lord found no vessel so fit to contain all blessings as peace; Deut. R. s. 5 end; a. fr. 4) (with ב) to take a hold of, seize, take possession. Ḥull.4a, a. e. כל מצוה שהֶחֱזִיקוּוכ׳ whatever Jewish law the Samaritans have adopted, v. דִּקְדֵּק. B. Mets.I, 4 וה׳ בה and took a hold of it. B. Bath.III, 3 במַחֲזִיק when one is in possession (basing his claim on possession). Ib. המַ׳ בנכסי הגר he who takes possession of the estate of a convert (who has no heirs in law). Ib. 2 ויַחֲזִיק שנה that he may be in possession for one year, v. אִסְפַּמְיָא; a. fr.; v. חֲזָקָה.Y. Ḥag. I, 76c, a. e. שלא הֶחֱזִיקוּ בשכרוכ׳ they did not cling to the duty of maintaining teachers 5) (v. חֲזָקָה) to presume, to be under a certain impression, to be convinced. Y.Kidd.IV, 66b היו מַחֲזִיקִין בו שהוא בנווכ׳ if people were under the impression that a certain person was their neighbors son, but in his dying hour he declared Ib. היו מ׳ אותו שהואוכ׳ if people took him to be a relation of his; a. e.Ḥag.19a, v. infra. Hof. הוּחֲזָק (denom. of חֲזָקָה) to be presumed, be held for, be known for. Gitt.14a בשה׳ כפרן when the man is known to be a liar. Shebu.34b, a. fr. ה׳ כפרן (in such a case) he is considered a confirmed liar.Y. Kidd. l. c. bot. הוּחְזְקוּ if they were generally assumed (to be husband and wife); a. fr.Ḥag.19a הטובל לחולין וה׳ לחולין if one takes an immersion for the purpose of being enabled to partake of ordinary food and is considered (by himself) to have immersed for that purpose. Ib. טבל ולאה׳ if he did immerse but did not have a certain purpose in view. Ib. עודיהו …ה׳ לדבר קל מחזיק עצמווכ׳ as long as he has one foot yet in the water, when he had had in view a minor purpose for his bath, he may still change it for a higher purpose. Ib. אם לאה׳ מחזיק if he had had no particular object in view, he may on coming out define the object for which he has bathed.Part. מוּחֲזָק 1) held in possession, adhered to. Bekh.VIII, 9 ולא בראוי כבמ׳ nor does he take a double share of what is coming due to the estate as he does of what is held in possession; B. Bath.55a; a. fr.Sabb.130a עדיין היא מוּחֲזֶקֶת בידם it is still strongly adhered to, opp. מרופה, v. רָפָה. 2) being known, approved. Sifra Kdosh. Par. 3, ch. V במ׳ לך when he is known to thee (to be a proselyte); a. e. 3) being sure, convinced, knowing from experience. Keth.25b מוּחֲזַקְנִי בזהוכ׳ (= מ׳ אני) I know this man to be a priest; a. e.Sifré Num. 1:5. supra. Hithpa. הִתְחַזֵּק, Nithpa. נִתְחַזֵּק 1) to become solid, strong. Yalk. Gen. 5 יִתְחַזֵּק, v. preced. 2) to feel encouraged, take courage. Ber.32a נ׳ בתפלה became emboldened to pray.

    Jewish literature > חזק

  • 67 חָזַק

    חָזַק(b. h.; cmp. אדק, הדק, חדק) ( to squeeze together, (neut. verb) to be thick, solid; to be strong. Y.Ber.I, 2c bot. (ref. to Gen. 1:6) יֶחֱזַק הרקיעוכ׳ let the expanse become solidified, let it coagulate, congeal; Gen. R. s. 4; (Yalk. ib. 5 יתחזק, Hithpa.). Pi. חִיזֵּק to join, repair, tighten, strengthen. Snh.94a (expl. חזקיה) שחי׳ את ישראלוכ׳ (Ms. M. שהחזיק, Hif.) he joined Israel to their Father Ib. שחִזְּקוֹ יה the Lord strengthened him. Pes.45a שעשוי לחַזֵּק Ms. M. where the dough in the cracks is put in for repairing the trough. Sabb.146b (העשוי) לחַ׳ when the hole was filled up for making the vessel sound, opp. לשמר to prevent evaporation; a. fr.Part. pass. מְחוּזָּק, pl. מְחוּזָּקִים. Sifré Num. 1 אין מְחַזְּקִים אלא המח׳ (ed. תמוחז׳) only the strong-minded it is worth while to strengthen (encourage). Hif. הֶחֱזִיק 1) same, v. supra.ה׳ טובה ל־ to attach merit to, to account as merit, to be grateful. Ab. II, 8 אל תַּחֲזִיק ט׳ לעצמך do not claim credit for it (be not proud). Yoma 86b אלא שמַחֲזִיק לו ט׳ but He even gives him credit (for his sins when he repents). Men.53a הַחֲזֵק ליוכ׳ give me credit for making Thee known Keth.68a, a. e. בואו ונַחֲזִיקוכ׳ let us be thankful to the fraudulent poor ; a. fr. 2) (with יד) to strengthen, to encourage, abet. Gitt.V, 9 לפי שאין מַחֲזִיקִיןוכ׳ because we must not encourage (by favors) those who do wrong. Ib. ומחזיקין ידיעכו״םוכ׳ we may encourage (greet with תחזקנה ידיכם, Zech. 8:9) gentiles at agricultural work in the Sabbatical year; a. fr. 3) to hold, contain. Ib. 57a אין עורו מחזיקוכ׳ its skin (once flayed) can not again cover its entire body (it shrinks). Ib. (in Chald. dict.) אפי׳ שתין … לא מ׳ it would not have room even for sixty myriads of reeds. Par. VII, 8 בשביל שתַּחֲזִיקוכ׳ in order that it (the reservoir) might hold more water. Ukts. III, 12 לא מצא … מחזיקוכ׳ the Lord found no vessel so fit to contain all blessings as peace; Deut. R. s. 5 end; a. fr. 4) (with ב) to take a hold of, seize, take possession. Ḥull.4a, a. e. כל מצוה שהֶחֱזִיקוּוכ׳ whatever Jewish law the Samaritans have adopted, v. דִּקְדֵּק. B. Mets.I, 4 וה׳ בה and took a hold of it. B. Bath.III, 3 במַחֲזִיק when one is in possession (basing his claim on possession). Ib. המַ׳ בנכסי הגר he who takes possession of the estate of a convert (who has no heirs in law). Ib. 2 ויַחֲזִיק שנה that he may be in possession for one year, v. אִסְפַּמְיָא; a. fr.; v. חֲזָקָה.Y. Ḥag. I, 76c, a. e. שלא הֶחֱזִיקוּ בשכרוכ׳ they did not cling to the duty of maintaining teachers 5) (v. חֲזָקָה) to presume, to be under a certain impression, to be convinced. Y.Kidd.IV, 66b היו מַחֲזִיקִין בו שהוא בנווכ׳ if people were under the impression that a certain person was their neighbors son, but in his dying hour he declared Ib. היו מ׳ אותו שהואוכ׳ if people took him to be a relation of his; a. e.Ḥag.19a, v. infra. Hof. הוּחֲזָק (denom. of חֲזָקָה) to be presumed, be held for, be known for. Gitt.14a בשה׳ כפרן when the man is known to be a liar. Shebu.34b, a. fr. ה׳ כפרן (in such a case) he is considered a confirmed liar.Y. Kidd. l. c. bot. הוּחְזְקוּ if they were generally assumed (to be husband and wife); a. fr.Ḥag.19a הטובל לחולין וה׳ לחולין if one takes an immersion for the purpose of being enabled to partake of ordinary food and is considered (by himself) to have immersed for that purpose. Ib. טבל ולאה׳ if he did immerse but did not have a certain purpose in view. Ib. עודיהו …ה׳ לדבר קל מחזיק עצמווכ׳ as long as he has one foot yet in the water, when he had had in view a minor purpose for his bath, he may still change it for a higher purpose. Ib. אם לאה׳ מחזיק if he had had no particular object in view, he may on coming out define the object for which he has bathed.Part. מוּחֲזָק 1) held in possession, adhered to. Bekh.VIII, 9 ולא בראוי כבמ׳ nor does he take a double share of what is coming due to the estate as he does of what is held in possession; B. Bath.55a; a. fr.Sabb.130a עדיין היא מוּחֲזֶקֶת בידם it is still strongly adhered to, opp. מרופה, v. רָפָה. 2) being known, approved. Sifra Kdosh. Par. 3, ch. V במ׳ לך when he is known to thee (to be a proselyte); a. e. 3) being sure, convinced, knowing from experience. Keth.25b מוּחֲזַקְנִי בזהוכ׳ (= מ׳ אני) I know this man to be a priest; a. e.Sifré Num. 1:5. supra. Hithpa. הִתְחַזֵּק, Nithpa. נִתְחַזֵּק 1) to become solid, strong. Yalk. Gen. 5 יִתְחַזֵּק, v. preced. 2) to feel encouraged, take courage. Ber.32a נ׳ בתפלה became emboldened to pray.

    Jewish literature > חָזַק

  • 68 शेष


    ṡesha
    m. n. (fr. 2. ṡish) remainder, that which remains orﾠ is left, leavings, residue (pl. « all the others»),

    surplus, balance, the rest ( ṡeshe loc. « for the rest», « in all other cases» ;
    ṡesherātrau, « during the rest of the night» ;
    mamaṡeshamasti, « there remains something to happen to me»);
    that which has to be supplied (e.g.. any word orﾠ words which have been omitted in a sentence;
    itiṡeshaḥ, « so it was left to be supplied», a phrase commonly used by Comm. in supplying any words necessary to elucidate the text);
    that which is saved orﾠ spared orﾠ allowed to escape (nom. with as, orﾠ bhū, to be spared;
    ṡeshaṉ-kṛi, to spare, allow to escape;
    ṡeshamavâ̱p to escape) Mn. MBh. R. etc.;
    remaining (used as an adj. at the end of adj. comp. <f. ā>, cf. kathā-ṡ-, kṛitya-ṡ-) AitBr. etc. etc.;
    remaining out of orﾠ from, left from (with abl. orﾠ loc. e.g.. prayātebhyoyeṡeshāḥ, « the persons left out of those who had departed» ;
    but mostly ifc. after a pp. in comp. e.g.. bhukta-ṡesha, « remaining from a meal», « remnant of food» ;
    hata-ṡeshāḥ, « those left out of the slain», « the survivors» etc.) Mn. MBh. etc.;
    end, issue, conclusion, finish, result RV. 77, 15 ;
    last, last-mentioned Rājat. ;
    a supplement, appendix Nir. III, 13 ;
    a keepsake, token of remembrance Daṡ. ;
    secondary matter, accident KātyṠr. Sch. ;
    death, destruction W. ;
    m. N. of a celebrated mythological thousand-headed serpent regarded as the emblem of eternity (whence he is alsoﾠ called An-anta, « the infinite» ;
    in the Vishṇu-Purāṇa he andﾠ the serpents Vāsuki andﾠ Takshaka are described as sons of Kadru, but in one place Ṡesha alone is called king of the Nāgas orﾠ snakes inhabiting Pātāla, while elsewhere Vāsuki alsoﾠ is described as king of the Nagas andﾠ Takshaka of the serpents;
    the thousand headed Ṡesha is sometimes represented as forming the couch andﾠ canopy of Vishṇu whilst sleeping during the intervals of creation, sometimes as supporting the seven Pātālas with the seven regions above them andﾠ therefore the entire world;
    he is said to have taught astronomy to Garga;
    according to some legends he became incarnate in Bala-rāma q.v.) MBh. Hariv. Pur. etc.. (RTL. 105; 112; 232 n. r) ;
    N. of one of the Prajā-patis R. VP. ;
    of a Muni MW. ;
    ( alsoﾠ with ācārya, dīkshita, ṡāstrin etc.) of various authors (cf. below);
    of one of the mythical elephants that support the earth L. ;
    a kind of metre L. ;
    (ā) f. pl. the remains of flowers orﾠ other offerings made to an idol andﾠ afterwards distributed amongst the worshippers andﾠ attendants (sg. « a garden made of the remains of flowers») MBh. R. etc.;
    (ī) f. N. of a woman Cat. ;
    n. seeﾠ above

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > शेष

  • 69 Vitruvius Pollio

    [br]
    b. early first century BC
    d. c. 25 BC
    [br]
    Roman writer on architecture and engineering subjects.
    [br]
    Nothing is known of Vitruvius apart from what can be gleaned from his only known work, the treatise De architectura. He seems to have been employed in some capacity by Julius Caesar and continued to serve under his heir, Octavianus, later Emperor Augustus, to whom he dedicated his book. It was written towards the end of his life, after Octavianus became undisputed ruler of the Empire by his victory at Actium in 31 BC, and was based partly on his own experience and partly on earlier, Hellenistic, writers.
    The De architectura is divided into ten books. The first seven books expound the general principles of architecture and the planning, design and construction of various types of building, public and domestic, including a consideration of techniques and materials. Book 7 deals with interior decoration, including stucco work and painting, while Book 8 treats water supply, from the location of sources to the transport of water by aqueducts, tunnels and pipes. Book 9, after a long and somewhat confused account of the astronomical theories of the day, describes various forms of clock and sundial. Finally, Book 10 deals with mechanical devices for handling building materials and raising and pumping water, for which Vitruvius draws on the earlier Greek authors Ctesibius and Hero.
    Although this may seem a motley assembly of subjects, to the Roman architect and builder it was a logical compendium of the subjects he was expected to know about. At the time, Vitruvius' rigid rules for the design of buildings such as temples seem to have had little influence, but his accounts of more practical matters of building materials and techniques were widely used. His illustrations to the original work were lost in antiquity, for no later manuscript includes them. Through the Middle Ages, manuscript copies were made in monastic scriptoria, although the architectural style in vogue had little relevance to those in Vitruvius: these came into their own with the Italian Renaissance. Alberti, writing the first great Renaissance treatise on architecture from 1452 to 1467, drew heavily on De architectura; those who sought to revive the styles of antiquity were bound to regard the only surviving text on the subject as authoritative. The appearance of the first printed edition in 1486 only served to extend its influence.
    During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Vitruvius was used as a handbook for constructing machines and instruments. For the modern historian of technology and architecture the work is a source of prime importance, although it must be remembered that the illustrations in the early printed editions are of contemporary reproductions of ancient devices using the techniques of the time, rather than authentic representations of ancient technology.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    Of the several critical editions of De architectura there are the Teubner edition, 1899. ed. V.Rose, Leipzig; the Loeb Classical Library edition, 1962, ed. F.Granger, London: Heinemann, (with English trans. and notes); and the Collection Guillaume Budé with French trans. and full commentary, 10 vols, Paris (in progress).
    Further Reading
    Apart from the notes to the printed editions, see also: H.Plommer, 1973, Vitruvius and Later Roman Building Manuals, London. A.G.Drachmann, 1963, The Mechanical Technology of Greek and Roman Antiquity Copenhagen and London.
    S.L.Gibbs, 1976, Greek and Roman Sundials, New Haven and London.
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Vitruvius Pollio

  • 70 NACAZTLI

    nacaztli:
    1.\NACAZTLI partie du corps, l'oreille.
    Esp., oreja (M).
    Angl., ear. Sah10,113.
    " tlein quihtôz huel nacaztli in anquihuâlcuîzqueh ", ce qu'il va dire, dans vos oreilles, il faudra bìen le recevoir. Sah12,11.
    * à la forme possédée.
    " înacaz ", son oreille.
    " quitequih in înnacaz ", ils incisent leurs oreilles.
    Sacrifice rituel. Sah2,134.
    " in omitl inic quicoyôniah înnacaz ", quand ils percent leurs oreilles avec un poinçon. Sah2,170.
    " zan ce înacaz ", il n'a qu'une oreille - er hat nur ein Ohr (d.h. man braucht ihm nur Einmal Etwas aufzutragen). Sah 1952,12:24.
    " îîx înacaz îtlacaccâuh mochîhua in tlapôuhqui ", le devin devient ses yeux, ses oreille, celui qui écoute pour elle - her mediator, the one who became her hearer, was the soothsayer, il s'agit de la confession où le prêtre se fait l'oeil et l'oreille de la déesse Tlazolteotl. Sah1,24.
    " nimonacaz ", je suis ton oreille.
    Dis le souverain à Tezcatlipoca. Sah6,45.
    " ca tiîtên ca tiîcamachal ca tiînenepil ca tiîx ca tiînacaz ", car tu es ses lèvres, tu es sa mâchoire, tu es sa langue, tu es ses yeux, tu es ses oreilles. Sah6,52 (tiinacaz).
    " in têuctlahtohqueh in îtênhuân, in îcamachalhuân, in îxhuân, in înacazhuân in âtl in tepêtl ", les seigneurs qui sont les lèvres, les machoires, les yeux, les oreilles de la communauté. Sah6,79.
    2.\NACAZTLI partie d'une chose, le coin
    Esp., esquina Molina I 59v.
    Désigne aussi les languettes (tabs) ou les côtés d'une sandale. Cf. cacnacaztli, nacaztitichtic, nacaztia.
    Cf. Bnf 362 qui donne la précision suivante 'Oreja, esto significa tambien asa de qualquiera cosa que la tiene, tambien significa la esquina de las casas'.
    3.\NACAZTLI terme botanique, 'hueyi nacaztli', nom d'une plante aromatique.
    Avec la vanille (tlîlxôchitl) elle parfumait le cacao et entrait dans la préparation des calumets. Dib.Anders. X 88 disent
    Cymbopetalum penduliflorum.
    Egalement nommée 'teônacaztli', décrite en Sah11,120 et Sah11,209.
    " nôncuah onocah in quinâmacah cacahuatl, hueyi nacaztli, tlîlxôchitl ", à part sont ceux qui vendent le cacao, les herbes aromatiques et la vanille - separate were those who sold chocolate, aromatic herbs and vanilla. Sah8,67.
    " coni cacahuatl îpan, huêyi nacaztli îpan tlîlxôchitl mecaxôchitl îpan ", il le boit avec du cacao, avec l'épice nommée hueyi nacaztli, avec de la vanille et l'épice nommée mecaxôchitl. Sah11,12.

    Dictionnaire de la langue nahuatl classique > NACAZTLI

  • 71 Media

       The purpose of the media during the Estado Novo (1926-74) was to communicate official government policy. Therefore, the government strictly censored newspapers, magazines, and books. Radio and television broadcasting was in the hands of two state-owned companies: Radiodifusão Portuguesa (RDP) and Radiotelevisão Portuguesa (RTP). The first TV broadcasts aired in March 1957, and the official state visit of Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain to Portugal was featured. The only independent broadcasting company during the Estado Novo was the Catholic Church's Radio Renascença. Writers and journalists who violated the regime's guidelines were severely sanctioned. Under Prime Minister Marcello Caetano, censorship was relaxed somewhat, and writers were allowed to publish critical and controversial works without fear of punishment. Caetano attempted to "speak to the people" through television. Daily program content consisted of little more than government-controlled (and censored) news programs and dull documentaries.
       After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, censorship was abolished. As the revolution veered leftward, some sectors of the media were seized by opponents of the views they expressed. The most famous case was the seizure of Radio Renascença by those who sought to bring it into line with the drift leftward. State ownership of the media was increased after 25 April 1974, when banks were nationalized because most banks owned at least one newspaper. As the Revolution moderated and as banking was privatized during the 1980s and 1990s, newspapers were also privatized.
       The history of two major Lisbon dailies illustrates recent cycles of Portuguese politics and pressures. O Século, a major Lisbon daily paper was founded in 1881 and was influenced by Republican, even Masonic ideas. When the first Republic began in 1910, the editorials of O Século defended the new system, but the economic and social turmoil disillusioned the paper's directors. In 1924, O Século, under publisher João Pereira da Rosa, called for political reform and opposed the Democratic Party, which monopolized elections and power in the Republic. This paper was one of the two most important daily papers, and it backed the military coup of 28 May 1926 and the emergent military dictatorship. Over the history of the Estado Novo, this paper remained somewhat to the left of the other major daily paper in Lisbon, Diário de Notícias, but in 1972 the paper suffered a severe financial crisis and was bought by a Lisbon banker. During the more chaotic times after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, O Século experienced its own time of turmoil, in which there was a split between workers and editors, firings, resignations, and financial trouble. After a series of financial problems and controversy over procommunist staff, the paper was suspended and then ceased publication in February 1977. In the 1990s, there was a brief but unsuccessful attempt to revive O Século.
       Today, the daily paper with the largest circulation is Diário de Notícias of Lisbon, which was established in 1883. It became the major daily paper of record, but after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, like O Século, the paper suffered difficulties, both political and financial. One of its editors in the "hot" summer of 1975 was José Saramago, future Nobel Prize winner in literature, and there was an internal battle in the editorial rooms between factions. The paper was, like O Século, nationalized in 1976, but in 1991, Diário de Notícias was reprivatized and today it continues to be the daily paper of record, leading daily circulation.
       Currently, about 20 daily newspapers are published in Portugal, in Lisbon, the capital, as well as in the principal cities of Oporto, Coimbra, and Évora. The major Lisbon newspapers are Diário de Notícias (daily and newspaper of record), Publico (daily), Correia da Manha (daily), Jornal de Noticias (daily), Expresso (weekly), The Portugal News (English language weekly), The Resident (English language weekly), and Get Real Weekly (English language).
       These papers range from the excellent, such as Público and the Diário de Notícias, to the sensationalistic, such as Correio da Manhã. Portugal's premier weekly newspaper is Expresso, founded by Francisco Balsemão during the last years of Marcello Caetano's governance, whose modern format, spirit, and muted criticism of the regime helped prepare public opinion for regime change in 1974. Another weekly is O Independente, founded in 1988, which specializes in political satire. In addition to these newspapers, Portugal has a large number of newspapers and magazines published for a specific readership: sports fans, gardeners, farmers, boating enthusiasts, etc. In addition to the two state-owned TV channels, Portugal has two independent channels, one of which is operated by the Catholic Church. TV programming is now diverse and sophisticated, with a great variety of programs of both domestic and foreign content. The most popular TV programs have been soap operas and serialized novels ( telenovelas) imported from Brazil. In the 1990s, Portugal attempted to produce its own telenovelas and soap operas, but these have not been as popular as the more exotic Brazilian imports.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Media

  • 72 Moon, William

    SUBJECT AREA: Paper and printing
    [br]
    b. 18 December 1818 Horsmonden, Kent, England
    d. 10 October 1894 Brighton, England
    [br]
    English inventor of the first effective embossed reading type for use by the blind and visually handicapped.
    [br]
    Having lost the sight of one eye from scarlet fever at the age of 4, by the time he was 22 he had become completely blind. Dissatisfied with the existing Frères system of embossed letters, he established that the twenty-six letters of the alphabet could be encompassed in only nine variously positioned symbols. These were sufficiently adaptable so that by the time of his death they had been utilized for 476 languages and dialects. Although superseded for more general use by Braille, the Moon system is still in current use for those with defective touch sense and other disabilities. With the assistance of his son, who became a physician, and his daughter, who continued the work after his death, he established a centre in Brighton where the production of Moon transcriptions in still carried on.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society 1852. Fellow of the Society of Arts 1857. LLD University of Philadelphia 1871.
    Bibliography
    1868, Blindness, Its Consequences and Complications, Brighton. 1873, Light for the Blind, Brighton.
    Further Reading
    MG

    Biographical history of technology > Moon, William

  • 73 Saulnier, Raymond

    SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace
    [br]
    b. late eighteenth century France
    d. mid-twentieth century
    [br]
    French designer of aircraft, associated with Louis Blériot and later the Morane- Saulnier company.
    [br]
    When Louis Blériot made his historic flight across the English Channel in 1909, the credit for the success of the flight naturally went to the pilot. Few people thought about the designer of the successful aeroplane, and those who did assumed it was Blériot himself. Blériot did design several of the aeroplanes bearing his name, but the cross- Channel No. XI was mainly designed by his friend Raymond Saulnier, a fact not; broadcast at the time.
    In 1911 the Morane-Saulnier company was founded in Paris by Léon (1885–1918) and Robert (1886–1968) Morane and Raymond Saulnier, who became Chief Designer. Flying a Morane-Saulnier, Roland Garros made a recordbreaking flight to a height of 5,611 m (18,405 ft) in 1912, and the following year he made the first non-stop flight across the Mediterranean. Morane-Saulnier built a series of "parasol" monoplanes which were very widely used during the early years of the First World War. With the wing placed above the fuselage, the pilot had an excellent downward view for observation purposes, but the propeller ruled out a forward-firing machine gun. During 1913–4, Raymond Saulnier was working on an idea for a synchronized machine gun to fire between the blades of the propeller. He could not overcome certain technical problems, so he devised a simple alternative: metal deflector plates were fitted to the propeller, so if a bullet hit the blade it did no harm. Roland Garros, flying a Type L Parasol, tested the device in action during April 1915 and was immediately successful. This opened the era of the true fighter aircraft. Unfortunately, Garros was shot down and the Germans discovered his secret weapon: they improved on the idea with a fully synchronized machine gun fitted to the Fokker E 1 monoplane. The Morane-Saulnier company continued in business until 1963, when it was taken over by the Potez Group.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War I, 1990, London: Jane's (reprint) (provides plans and details of 1914–18 Morane-Saulnier aeroplanes).
    JDS

    Biographical history of technology > Saulnier, Raymond

  • 74 ἐπαίρω

    ἐπαίρω (s. αἴρω) 1 aor. ἐπῆρα, inf. ἐπᾶραι, impv. 2 sg. ἔπαρον (JosAs 17:6), ptc. ἐπάρας; pf. ἐπῆρκα J 13:18 v.l. Pass.: 1 fut. ἐπαρθήσομαι LXX; 1 aor. ἐπήρθην; pf. ptc. ἐπηρμένος LXX (Trag., Hdt.+).
    ① to cause to move upward, lift up, hold up τὶ someth. ῥάβδον a staff (Ex 10:13) Hv 3, 2, 4. τὸν ἀρτέμωνα Ac 27:40 s. on ἀρτέμων. ἐπῆρεν ὁ ποιμὴν τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ GJs 8:3 (not pap). Esp. in the expr. ἐ. χεῖρας lift up, raise the hands in prayer (Aesop, Fab. 49 P.=83 H./74 Ch./49 H-H.; Horapollo 1, 15 τ. χεῖρας εἰς οὐρανὸν ἐπαίροντα … προσευχόμενος τῇ θεῷ; 2 Esdr 18:6; Ps 133:2; for the idea cp. LvSybel, Christl. Antike I 1906, 256; 258; GAppel, De Romanorum Precationibus 1909, 194. Cp. also ἐκτείνω 1) 1 Ti 2:8, or in blessing (Sir 50:20; JosAs 8:9 τὴν χεῖρα) Lk 24:50. ἐ. τὰς κεφαλάς (w. ἀνακύπτειν) raise (your) heads (Philo, Op. M. 158; Jos., Bell. 1, 629; cp. ἐ. τὸ πρόσωπον 4 Km 9:32; αὐχένα Philo, Fug. 107) of people who regain their courage Lk 21:28. ἐ. τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς (Gen 13:10; 1 Ch 21:16 al.) look up Mt 17:8; Lk 16:23; J 4:35; 6:5; εἴς τινα Lk 6:20; εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν to heaven Lk 18:13 (En 13:5 οὐκέτι δύνανται … ἐπᾶραι τ. ὀφθ. εἰς τ. οὐρ. ἀπὸ αἰσχύνης περὶ ὧν ἡμαρτήκεισαν); J 17:1. ἐ. τὴν πτέρναν raise one’s heel to tread on someone 13:18 (ἐπί τινα as 1 Km 20:33). ἐ. τὴν φωνήν raise one’s voice (Demosth. 18, 291; Chariton 5, 7, 10; Philostrat., Vi. Apollon. 5, 33 p. 190, 21; Judg 2:4; 9:7; 2 Km 13:36) Lk 11:27; Ac 2:14; 14:11; 22:22.—Pass. be taken up Ac 1:9. Of the exaltation to heaven of those who endured 1 Cl 45:8.
    ② to offer resistance to, be in opposition, rise up ext. of mng. 1 (cp. in a difft. sense Just., A I, 58, 3 τῆς γῆς ‘from the earth’) ἐπί τινα or τι against or to someone or someth. (as 2 Esdr 4:19; 1 Macc 8:5; 10:70 TestJob 34:4 καθʼ ἡμῶν) ἐπὶ τὸ ποίμνιον 1 Cl 16:1. κατά τινος: πᾶν ὕψωμα ἐπαιρόμενον κατὰ τ. γνώσεως τ. θεοῦ 2 Cor 10:5 (ὕψωμα 2).
    ③ to suggest that one is better than one really is, be presumptuous, put on airs, abs. (Aristoph., Nub. 810; Thu. 4, 18, 4; Aeschin. 87, 24; Sir 11:4; 32:1; 1 Macc 2:63; Jos., Vi. 24) 2 Cor 11:20; 1 Cl 21:5. W. ὑπερυψοῦσθαι 14:5 (Ps 36:35). W. the dat. to denote the basis for the presumption (Hdt. 9, 49; Thu. 1, 120, 3; X., Cyr. 8, 5, 24; Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 118 §489 ταῖς ναυσὶν ἐπαιρόμενος=proud of his fleet; Zeph 1:11; Philo, Mos. 1, 70; Jos., Ant. 9, 193) ἑαυτοὺς βουλόμενοι ἐπαίρεσθαι τ. διανοίαις αὐτῶν want to put on airs w. their imaginations 1 Cl 39:1 (cp. Appian, Liby. 111 §522 ἐπήρθησαν τοῖς φρονήμασι=they became presumptuous in their self-reliance).—DELG s.v. 1 ἀείρω. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐπαίρω

  • 75 עני

    עני, עָנָהII (b. h.; cmp. אָנָה) to press, be pressed; to be detained. Pi. עִינָּה 1) to detain, postpone, esp. ע׳ דין to delay execution of capital judgment (which should take place on the day of sentence). Snh.XI, 4 (89a) אין מְעַנִּין את דינו שלוכ׳ we must not put off his execution (opp. to the opinion משמרין אותו). Ib. 35a וליגמריה … נמצא אתה מְעַנֶּה את דינו shall we pass sentence on Friday and put him to death on Sunday? In such a case you would postpone his execution (against the law); v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to cause privation; to cause to fast. Yoma 77b (ref. to ויענה, Gen. 34:2) התם שעִינָּהּ מביאותוכ׳ this may be interpreted, that he deprived her of other connections. Ib. 8:4 התינוקות אין מענין אותןוכ׳ we must not let children fast on the Day of Atonement, v. חָנַךְ; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה fasting. Tosef.Taan.II, 7; Erub.41a כדי שלא יכנס לשבת כשהוא מע׳ that he may not begin the Sabbath fasting; Tanḥ. Bresh. 2. 3) to afflict, oppress, wrong. Mekh. Mishp., s. 18 (ref. to Ex. 22:22) עד שיְעַנֶּה וישנה until he practices oppression repeatedly; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה; pl. מְעוּנִּין. Yeb.48b מפני מה גרים בזמן הזה מע׳וכ׳ why are the proselytes of our days afflicted and subject to suffering? 4) to violate, outrage. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Mic. 2:9) שהיו מְעַנִּים נשיוכ׳ they violated married women and caused them to be forbidden to their husbands. Lev. R. s. 19; a. fr.Mekh. l. c.; Yalk. Ex. 349 אם כשלא תְעַנּוּן את הדיןוכ׳ if your wives will be spared from widowhood and your children from bereavement, because you do not violate justice, how much more, when you execute justice. Nif. נַעֲנֶה 1) to be afflicted, oppressed. Mekh. l. c. אלמנה … שדרכן לֵעָנוֹת בהןוכ׳ widows and orphans who are liable to be oppressed,of them the text speaks (Ex. 22:21); Yalk. l. c. שדרכן לֵיעָנוֹת (not שדרכו). 2) to humble ones self; to submit to a persons discretion, beg pardon. Ber.28a נַעֲנֵיתִי לך מחול לי I submit myself to thee, forgive me. Pesik. R. s. 38 נעניתי לו I beg his pardon. Yoma 22b נעניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ I beg your pardon, bones of Saul!; Yalk. Sam. 117 נעניתי לך שאולוכ׳. Keth.67b נעניתי לך קום אכול I beg of thee, get up and eat. Tosef.Ohol.V, 12 נמניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. נמתי, read נעניתי) I beg your pardon, bones of Hithpa. הִתְעַנֶּה, Nithpa. נִתְעַנֶּה 1) to be afflicted, suffer. Sifré Deut. 130 שנִתְעַנּוּ, v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to afflict ones self, to fast. Ber.8b (ref. to Lev. 23:32) וכי בתשעה מִתְעַנִּין do men fast on the ninth (of Tishri)? R. Hash. 18b אין גזרת … רצו מתענין when there is no political persecution, but no peace, those who wish may fast Erub.41a והִתְעַנִּינוּ בו ולאוכ׳ we fasted, but not to the end of the day; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱנִי (denom. of עָנִי) to become poor. Keth.VI, 6. Ber.33a חזרו והֶעֱנוּ when they (the Jews) became poor again. Meïl. 17a מי שיש לו אויב יַעֲנִי או יעשיר if one has an enemy, does one wish him to be poor or rich?; a. e.

    Jewish literature > עני

  • 76 ענה II

    עני, עָנָהII (b. h.; cmp. אָנָה) to press, be pressed; to be detained. Pi. עִינָּה 1) to detain, postpone, esp. ע׳ דין to delay execution of capital judgment (which should take place on the day of sentence). Snh.XI, 4 (89a) אין מְעַנִּין את דינו שלוכ׳ we must not put off his execution (opp. to the opinion משמרין אותו). Ib. 35a וליגמריה … נמצא אתה מְעַנֶּה את דינו shall we pass sentence on Friday and put him to death on Sunday? In such a case you would postpone his execution (against the law); v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to cause privation; to cause to fast. Yoma 77b (ref. to ויענה, Gen. 34:2) התם שעִינָּהּ מביאותוכ׳ this may be interpreted, that he deprived her of other connections. Ib. 8:4 התינוקות אין מענין אותןוכ׳ we must not let children fast on the Day of Atonement, v. חָנַךְ; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה fasting. Tosef.Taan.II, 7; Erub.41a כדי שלא יכנס לשבת כשהוא מע׳ that he may not begin the Sabbath fasting; Tanḥ. Bresh. 2. 3) to afflict, oppress, wrong. Mekh. Mishp., s. 18 (ref. to Ex. 22:22) עד שיְעַנֶּה וישנה until he practices oppression repeatedly; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה; pl. מְעוּנִּין. Yeb.48b מפני מה גרים בזמן הזה מע׳וכ׳ why are the proselytes of our days afflicted and subject to suffering? 4) to violate, outrage. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Mic. 2:9) שהיו מְעַנִּים נשיוכ׳ they violated married women and caused them to be forbidden to their husbands. Lev. R. s. 19; a. fr.Mekh. l. c.; Yalk. Ex. 349 אם כשלא תְעַנּוּן את הדיןוכ׳ if your wives will be spared from widowhood and your children from bereavement, because you do not violate justice, how much more, when you execute justice. Nif. נַעֲנֶה 1) to be afflicted, oppressed. Mekh. l. c. אלמנה … שדרכן לֵעָנוֹת בהןוכ׳ widows and orphans who are liable to be oppressed,of them the text speaks (Ex. 22:21); Yalk. l. c. שדרכן לֵיעָנוֹת (not שדרכו). 2) to humble ones self; to submit to a persons discretion, beg pardon. Ber.28a נַעֲנֵיתִי לך מחול לי I submit myself to thee, forgive me. Pesik. R. s. 38 נעניתי לו I beg his pardon. Yoma 22b נעניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ I beg your pardon, bones of Saul!; Yalk. Sam. 117 נעניתי לך שאולוכ׳. Keth.67b נעניתי לך קום אכול I beg of thee, get up and eat. Tosef.Ohol.V, 12 נמניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. נמתי, read נעניתי) I beg your pardon, bones of Hithpa. הִתְעַנֶּה, Nithpa. נִתְעַנֶּה 1) to be afflicted, suffer. Sifré Deut. 130 שנִתְעַנּוּ, v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to afflict ones self, to fast. Ber.8b (ref. to Lev. 23:32) וכי בתשעה מִתְעַנִּין do men fast on the ninth (of Tishri)? R. Hash. 18b אין גזרת … רצו מתענין when there is no political persecution, but no peace, those who wish may fast Erub.41a והִתְעַנִּינוּ בו ולאוכ׳ we fasted, but not to the end of the day; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱנִי (denom. of עָנִי) to become poor. Keth.VI, 6. Ber.33a חזרו והֶעֱנוּ when they (the Jews) became poor again. Meïl. 17a מי שיש לו אויב יַעֲנִי או יעשיר if one has an enemy, does one wish him to be poor or rich?; a. e.

    Jewish literature > ענה II

  • 77 עָנָה

    עני, עָנָהII (b. h.; cmp. אָנָה) to press, be pressed; to be detained. Pi. עִינָּה 1) to detain, postpone, esp. ע׳ דין to delay execution of capital judgment (which should take place on the day of sentence). Snh.XI, 4 (89a) אין מְעַנִּין את דינו שלוכ׳ we must not put off his execution (opp. to the opinion משמרין אותו). Ib. 35a וליגמריה … נמצא אתה מְעַנֶּה את דינו shall we pass sentence on Friday and put him to death on Sunday? In such a case you would postpone his execution (against the law); v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to cause privation; to cause to fast. Yoma 77b (ref. to ויענה, Gen. 34:2) התם שעִינָּהּ מביאותוכ׳ this may be interpreted, that he deprived her of other connections. Ib. 8:4 התינוקות אין מענין אותןוכ׳ we must not let children fast on the Day of Atonement, v. חָנַךְ; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה fasting. Tosef.Taan.II, 7; Erub.41a כדי שלא יכנס לשבת כשהוא מע׳ that he may not begin the Sabbath fasting; Tanḥ. Bresh. 2. 3) to afflict, oppress, wrong. Mekh. Mishp., s. 18 (ref. to Ex. 22:22) עד שיְעַנֶּה וישנה until he practices oppression repeatedly; a. e.Part. pass. מְעוּנֶּה; pl. מְעוּנִּין. Yeb.48b מפני מה גרים בזמן הזה מע׳וכ׳ why are the proselytes of our days afflicted and subject to suffering? 4) to violate, outrage. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Mic. 2:9) שהיו מְעַנִּים נשיוכ׳ they violated married women and caused them to be forbidden to their husbands. Lev. R. s. 19; a. fr.Mekh. l. c.; Yalk. Ex. 349 אם כשלא תְעַנּוּן את הדיןוכ׳ if your wives will be spared from widowhood and your children from bereavement, because you do not violate justice, how much more, when you execute justice. Nif. נַעֲנֶה 1) to be afflicted, oppressed. Mekh. l. c. אלמנה … שדרכן לֵעָנוֹת בהןוכ׳ widows and orphans who are liable to be oppressed,of them the text speaks (Ex. 22:21); Yalk. l. c. שדרכן לֵיעָנוֹת (not שדרכו). 2) to humble ones self; to submit to a persons discretion, beg pardon. Ber.28a נַעֲנֵיתִי לך מחול לי I submit myself to thee, forgive me. Pesik. R. s. 38 נעניתי לו I beg his pardon. Yoma 22b נעניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ I beg your pardon, bones of Saul!; Yalk. Sam. 117 נעניתי לך שאולוכ׳. Keth.67b נעניתי לך קום אכול I beg of thee, get up and eat. Tosef.Ohol.V, 12 נמניתי לכם עצמותוכ׳ ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. נמתי, read נעניתי) I beg your pardon, bones of Hithpa. הִתְעַנֶּה, Nithpa. נִתְעַנֶּה 1) to be afflicted, suffer. Sifré Deut. 130 שנִתְעַנּוּ, v. עִינּוּי II. 2) to afflict ones self, to fast. Ber.8b (ref. to Lev. 23:32) וכי בתשעה מִתְעַנִּין do men fast on the ninth (of Tishri)? R. Hash. 18b אין גזרת … רצו מתענין when there is no political persecution, but no peace, those who wish may fast Erub.41a והִתְעַנִּינוּ בו ולאוכ׳ we fasted, but not to the end of the day; a. fr. Hif. הֶעֱנִי (denom. of עָנִי) to become poor. Keth.VI, 6. Ber.33a חזרו והֶעֱנוּ when they (the Jews) became poor again. Meïl. 17a מי שיש לו אויב יַעֲנִי או יעשיר if one has an enemy, does one wish him to be poor or rich?; a. e.

    Jewish literature > עָנָה

  • 78 faint

    feɪnt
    1. сущ. обморок to fall into a faint ≈ падать в обморок dead faint ≈ полная потеря сознания, глубокий обморок Syn: swoon
    1., syncope
    2. прил.
    1) слабый, ослабевший;
    вялый He was exceedingly faint with the bruises he had received. ≈ После драки он совершенно ослаб. Syn: sluggish, feeble
    2) тусклый;
    нечеткий, расплывчатый;
    бледный;
    незначительный, слабый и т. п. (недостаточный для физического или умственного восприятия) faint sound ≈ слабый, едва различимый звук There was a faint smell of gas. ≈ Чувствовался легкий запах газа. Her cries grew fainter. ≈ Ее крики становились все тише и тише. A star of the sixth magnitude is the faintest visible to the naked eye. ≈ Звезда шестой величины едва видима невооруженным глазом. a faint smile ≈ слабая улыбка not the faintest hope ≈ ни малейшей надежды Syn: dim
    1., dull
    1., insufficient, deficient
    3) чувствующий головокружение, слабость Glasses of water were given to those who felt faint. ≈ Стакан воды давали тем, кто чувствовал слабость. Syn: dizzy
    1.
    4) уст. несмелый, робкий Syn: cowardly
    1.
    5) гнетущий, тяжелый( об атмосфере) Syn: oppressive
    3. гл.
    1) падать в обморок (from, with) This poor old man has fainted from hunger: pick him up and when he wakes, feed him. ≈ Этот старик потерял сознание от голода, когда он очнется, накормите его. Syn: swoon
    2., black out, pass out Ant: revive, come to
    2) уст.;
    поэт. слабеть, ослабевать
    3) уст.;
    поэт. терять мужество
    4) редк. тускнеть, блекнуть Syn: fade
    3., die away
    5) редк. подавлять, угнетать;
    ослаблять Syn: depress, enfeeble, weaken обморок - a dead * глубокий обморок, полная потеря сознания - to be in a * быть в обмороке - to fall down in a * падать в обморок слабый, ослабевший - his breathing became *er его дыхание становилось слабее - my heart felt * within me у меня сердце замерло - he was * with hunger and cold он совсем ослабел от голода и холода испытывающий слабость, головокружение и т. п. - to feel * чувствовать дурноту /слабость/ слабый, тусклый;
    неотчетливый, неясный - a * tinge of pink розоватый оттенок - * colour тусклый /бледный/ цвет - * sound слабый /неясный/ звук - * odour неуловимый запах - * resemblance слабое сходство - to have a * idea of smth. иметь смутное представление о чем-л. - to have not the *est idea of smth. не иметь ни малейшего представления о чем-л. - * traces of smth. еле заметные следы чего-л. - a * show of resistance сопротивление только для вида - * efforts слабые усилия - not the *est hope ни малейшей надежды - not the *est chance никакой возможности - * reflections смутные воспоминания( устаревшее) робкий - * heart never won fair lady робость мешает успеху (устаревшее) (американизм) расслабляющий, угнетающий - the * atmosphere of a tropical port духота тропического порта ослабевать (от усталости, голода и т. п.) падать в обморок, терять сознание (тж. * away) терять мужество, падать духом( редкое) тускнеть, бледнеть( о красках и т. п.) faint недостаточный, незначительный, слабый;
    not the faintest hope ни малейшей надежды ~ неясный ~ обморок, потеря сознания;
    dead faint полная потеря сознания, глубокий обморок ~ обморочный, близкий к обмороку;
    to feel faint чувствовать дурноту ~ приторный, тошнотворный;
    faint heart never won fair lady посл. = сробел - пропал;
    робость мешает успеху ~ слабеть;
    падать в обморок ~ слабый, слабеющий;
    вялый ~ слабый ~ уст., поэт. терять мужество ~ тусклый, неотчетливый;
    бледный;
    faint sound слабый, едва различимый звук feint: feint =faint ~ приторный, тошнотворный;
    faint heart never won fair lady посл. = сробел - пропал;
    робость мешает успеху ~ тусклый, неотчетливый;
    бледный;
    faint sound слабый, едва различимый звук ~ обморочный, близкий к обмороку;
    to feel faint чувствовать дурноту faint недостаточный, незначительный, слабый;
    not the faintest hope ни малейшей надежды

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > faint

  • 79 Г-377

    стираются/стёрлись грани между кем, между чем VP subj. usu. this WO the differences distinguishing, separating two or more groups or phenomena are disappearing: стёрлись грани между Х-ом и Y-ом = the boundaries (boundary lines, distinctions, differences) between x and Y were obliterated (erased, eliminated)
    стираются грани между Х-ом и Y-ом - the distinctions (the boundaries) between x and Y are becoming blurred
    the line between x and Y is becoming blurred the boundaries (the differences) between x and Y are melting away.
    ...Растление литературы дошло до того, что совершенно стёрлись всякие грани между профессиональным писателем и пришедшим по блату (Войнович 1). The corruption of literature has gone so far as to have obliterated all the boundary lines between the professional writer and those who are published because they have pull (1 a).
    ...Её увлекла праздничность этого вечера... атмосфера мужского, военного, солдатского единения, когда стираются грани субординации... (Рыбаков 2)....She was taken with the festive atmosphere of this occasion:...the atmosphere of masculine, martial unity, when the boundaries of seniority became blurred... (2a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Г-377

  • 80 стерлись грани

    • СТИРАЮТСЯ/СТЕРЛИСЬ ГРАНИ между кем, между чем
    [VPsubj; usu. this WO]
    =====
    ⇒ the differences distinguishing, separating two or more groups or phenomena are disappearing:
    - стёрлись грани между Х-ом и Y-ом≈ the boundaries (boundary lines, distinctions, differences) between X and Y were obliterated (erased, eliminated);
    - the boundaries (the differences) between X and Y are melting away.
         ♦...Растление литературы дошло до того, что совершенно стёрлись всякие грани между профессиональным писателем и пришедшим по блату (Войнович 1). The corruption of literature has gone so far as to have obliterated all the boundary lines between the professional writer and those who are published because they have pull (1a).
         ♦...Её увлекла праздничность этого вечера... атмосфера мужского, военного, солдатского единения, когда стираются грани субординации... (Рыбаков 2)....She was taken with the festive atmosphere of this occasion:...the atmosphere of masculine, martial unity, when the boundaries of seniority became blurred... (2a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > стерлись грани

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • Those Who Must Be Kept — In the novels of Anne Rice, Those Who Must Be Kept are the progenitors of all Vampires who are also regarded as the King and Queen of the Vampires.Originally King Enkil and Queen Akasha of Kemet (now Egypt) circa 4000 BCE, they became the first… …   Wikipedia

  • Hallucinations in those who are not mentally ill — A hallucination may occur in a person in a state of good mental and physical health, even in the apparent absence of a transient trigger factor such as fatigue, intoxication or sensory deprivation.It is not yet widely recognised that… …   Wikipedia

  • Ask Those Who Know — Al Tijani was formerly a Muslim of the Maliki denomination, but after a visit to Iraq, he started to study the Shi a point of view. After some period, he concluded that the history of Islam with regards to the early events that formed the Muslim… …   Wikipedia

  • Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (US game show) — Who Wants to Be a Millionaire Current title card for Who Wants to Be a Millionaire Genre Game show Created by David Briggs …   Wikipedia

  • Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? — For other uses, see Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (disambiguation). For the original UK version, see Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (UK game show). Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? Latest Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (UK) Logo (2010) …   Wikipedia

  • Who Wrote The Dead Sea Scrolls? (book) — Infobox Book name = Who Wrote The Dead Sea Scrolls?: The Search For The Secret Of Qumran title orig = translator = image caption = Book cover hardcover (1st US edition) author = Norman Golb illustrator = cover artist = Erich Hobbing country = USA …   Wikipedia

  • Who Says (Selena Gomez & the Scene song) — Who Says Single by Selena Gomez the Scene from the album When the Sun Goes Down B side …   Wikipedia

  • Who's Who in American Art — Who’s Who in American Art is a biographical directory of important individuals in the visual arts community in the United States.. It is published by Marquis Who s Who, publisher of Who’s Who in America since 1899 and a subsidiary of News… …   Wikipedia

  • Those Were the Days (song) — For other uses, see Those Were the Days (disambiguation). Those Were the Days Single by Mary Hopkin B side Turn! Turn! Turn! Released 30 August 1968 Format 7 single …   Wikipedia

  • Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines — Infobox Film name = Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines, Or How I Flew from London to Paris in 25 Hours 11 Minutes image size = 225px caption = theatrical poster director = Ken Annakin producer = Stan Margulies writer = Ken Annakin… …   Wikipedia

  • Who Made Huckabee? — From left to right: Jon Stewart, Stephen Colbert, and Conan O Brien mock pose for a beer bottle smashing bit during an all out brawl over Who Made Mike Huckabee? on Late Night with Conan O Brien. Who Made Huckabee?, also known as The Colbert/O… …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»