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  • 41 FORN

    * * *
    a.
    1) old (f. vinátta, f. mjóðr);
    2) ancient; fornir menn, the men of old; f. siðr, the old (heathen) custom, religion; f. átrúnaðr, the old creed, heathenism; f. í skapi, inclined to old, or heathen, ways; hann var f. mjök, he was a great wizard; at fornu, til, forna, formerly, in times fast.
    * * *
    adj. [Ulf. fairnis = παλαιός; A. S. fyrn; Hel. furn; Swed. forn; lost in Engl.]:—old; forn vinátta, Eg. 729; forn fjándskapr, old enmity, Nj. 49; forn rök, Ls. 25; fornt vín, old wine, Pr. 472; en forna fold, the old earth, Hým. 24; forn timbr, the old timbers, Akv. 42: inn forni fjándi, the old fiend, Satan, 686 C. 2; forn jötunn, the old giant, Hým. 13; fornar tóptir, old abodes. Gm. 11: stores preserved from the past year are called forn, forn mjöðr, old mead, Skm. 37; fornari hey, K. Þ. K. 163.
    2. with the notion of old, worn, rotten, or the like; byrðings-segl várt hið forna, Fms. iv. 259; forn mörr, Bjarn. 29 (in a verse).
    3. old, in temp. sense; in the Icel. Commonwealth the old priesthoods were called forn goðorð and forn goðorðsmaðr, an old priest, opp. to the priesthoods instituted along with the Fifth Court, which were termed ‘new.’
    4. time-honoured, old; forn lög, forn lands-siðr, Bs. i. 682.
    5. at fornu, formerly, in times past, Eg. 767, K. Á. 152, D. I. i. 635; til forna, id., cp. Dan. til forn.
    6. in old writers forn is often used of the heathen times with the old mythical lore; forn siðr, the old ( heathen) rite, Fb. i. 215; fornir menn, the men of old, Eb. 132; á fornum skjöldum, on shields of old, Edda 87; fornar frásagnir, old tales, Hkr. pref.; forn-menn, forn-tíðindi, forn-sögur, the men, lore, or saws of the olden age, (forn-fræði, id.; forn-spjöll); forn átrúnaðr, forn trúa, the old creed, heathenism; forn-kveðit mál or hið forn-kveðna is a standing phrase for an ‘old saw,’ proverb, the Sagas passim, and vide below.
    β. metaph. old, i. e. versed in old lore or witchcraft; hann var forn mjök ( he was a great wizard) ok hafði jafnan úti setið, Orkn. 234; fróð ok forn í skapi, Ísl. ii. 332, Fb. i. 250 (forneskja).

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > FORN

  • 42 HÁLFR

    a.
    1) half; hálfr mánaðr, half a month, fortnight; til hálfs by a half; hálfr annar, þriði, fjórði, &c., one, two, three and a half; hálft annat hundrað, one hundred and a half; hálfr þriði tøgr manna, twenty-five men;
    2) neut. ‘hálfu’, by half, with a comparative in an intensive sense, much, far; hálfu verri, far worse; hálfu meira, far more; hálfu siðr, far less.
    * * *
    adj., hálf (hlf), hálft, freq. spelt halbr, halb er öld hvar, Hm. 52; [Goth. halbs; A. S. healf; Engl. half; Hel. halba; Germ. halb; Dan. halv; Swed. half]:—half; hálfr mánuðr, half a month, a fortnight, Nj. 4; þar átti hann kyn hálft, Eg. 288; hálf stika, half a yard, Grág. i. 498; hálf Jól, the half of Yule, Fs. 151, passim: adverb. phrases, til hálfs, by a half, Eg. 258, 304; aukinn hálfu, increased by half, doubled, Grág. i. 157, Gþl. 24.
    2. with the notion of brief, scant, little; sjá hálf hýnótt, that little night, Skm. 42; hálf stund, a little while; eg skal ekki vera hálfa stund að því, i. e. I shall have done presently, in a moment; cp. hálb er öld hvar, only half, Hm. 52; með hálfum hleif, with half a loaf, a little loaf of bread, 51: an Icel. says to his guest, má eg bjóða þér í hálfum bolla, í hálfu staupi, hálfan munnbita, and the like.
    II. in counting Icel. say, hálfr annarr, half another, i. e. one and a half; h. þriði, half a third, i. e. two and a half; h. fjórði, three and a half; h. fimti, four and a half, etc.; thus, hálfan annan dag, one day and a half; hálft annað ár, hálfan annan mánuð, h. aðra nótt; hálf önnur stika, a yard and a half, Grág. i. 498; hálfa fimtu mörk, four marks and a half, 391; hálft annat hundrað, one hundred and a half, Sturl. i. 186; hálfr þriði tögr manna, two decades and a half, i. e. twenty-five, men, Ísl. ii. 387; hálfan fimta tög skipa, Hkr. iii. 374: similar are the compd adjectives hálf-þrítugr, aged twenty-five; hálf-fertugr, aged thirty-five; hálf-fimtugr, hálf-sextugr, -sjötugr, -áttræðr, -níræðr, -tíræðr, i. e. aged forty-five, fifty-five, sixty-five, seventy-five, eighty-five, ninety-five, and lastly, hálf-tólfræðr, one hundred and fifteen, Eg. 84, Fms. i. 148, Greg. 60, Stj. 639, Bs. i. 54, 101, Hkr. (pref.), Mar. 32, Íb. 18, Grett. 162, Fs. 160: also of measure, hálf-fertugr föðmum, Landn. (App.) 324, Fms. vii. 217; hálf-þrítugt tungl, a moon twenty-five days’ old, Rb. 26: contracted, hálf-fjórðu mörk, three marks and a half, Am. 63; hálf-fimtu mörk, four marks and a half, Jm. 36: as to this use, cp. the Germ. andert-halb, dritt-halb, viert-halb, etc., Gr. τρίτον ἡμιτάλαντον ( two talents and a half), Lat. sestertius.
    III. neut. hálfu with a comparative, in an intensive sense, far; hálfu verri, worse by half, far worse; hálfu meira, far more, Fms. vi. 201; hálfu heilli! Fb. i. 180; hálfu síðr, far less, Þórð. 41 new Ed., Fb. ii. 357; fremr hálfu, much farther ago, Hðm. 2; h. lengra, Bs. ii. 48; h. betri, better by half; h. hógligra, far snugger, Am. 66; hálfu sæmri, Fb. ii. 334.
    β. with neg. suff.; hálft-ki, not half; at hálft-ki má óstyrkð ór bera, Greg. 54.
    IV. a pr. name, rare, whence Hálfs-rekkr, m. pl. the champions of king Half, Fas.: Hálf-dan, m. Half-Dane, a pr. name, cp. Healf-Danes in Beowulf, Fms.
    B. The COMPDS are very numerous in adjectives, nouns, and participles, but fewer in verbs; we can record only a few, e. g. hálf-afglapi, a, m. half an idiot, Band. 4 new Ed. hálf-aukinn, part. increased by half, H. E. ii. 222. hálf-áttræðr, see above. hálf-bergrisi, a, m. half a giant, Eg. 23. hálf-berserkr, m. half a berserker, Sd. 129. hálf-björt, n. adj. half bright, dawning. hálf-blandinn, part. half blended, Stj. 85. hálf-blindr, adj. half blind. hálf-bolli, a, m. half a bowl (a measure), N. G. L. ii. 166. hálf-breiðr, adj. of half breadth, Jm. 2. hálf-brosandi, part. half smiling. hálf-bróðir, m. a half brother (on one side). hálf-brunninn, part. half burnt. hálf-bræðrungr, m. a half cousin, K. Á. 140. hálf-búinn, part. half done. hálf-dauðr, adj. half dead, Sturl. ii. 54, Magn. 530, Hkr. iii. 366. hálf-daufr, adj. half deaf. hálf-deigr, adj. damp. hálf-dimt, n. adj. half dark, in twilight. hálf-drættingr, m. a fisher-boy, who gets half the fish he catches, but not a full ‘hlutr.’ hálf-ermaðr, part. half sleeved, Sturl. iii. 306. hálf-etinn, part. half eaten, Al. 95. hálf-eyrir, m. half an ounce, Fms. x. 211. hálf-fallinn, part. half fallen, K. Á. 96; h. út sjór, of the tide. hálf-farinn, part. half gone. hálf-fertrugr, hálf-fimti, hálf-fimtugr, hálf-fjórði, see above (II). hálf-fífl, n. and hálf-fífla, u, f. half an idiot, Fms. vi. 218, Bs. i. 286. hálf-fjórðungr, m. half a fourth part, Bs. ii. 170. hálf-frosinn, part. half frozen. hálf-fúinn, part. half rotten. hálf-genginn, part. halving. hálf-gildi, n. half the value, Gþl. 392. hálf-gildr, adj. of half the value, N. G. L. hálf-gjalda, galt, to pay half, N. G. L. i. 174. hálf-grátandi, part. half weeping. hálf-gróinn, part. half healed. hálf-görr, part. half done, only half done, left half undone, Fms. ii. 62; litlu betr en hálfgört, Greg. 24. hálfgörðar-bóndi, a, m. a man who has to furnish half a levy, D. N. hálf-hélufall, n. a slight fall of rime, Gísl. 154. hálf-hlaðinn, part. half laden, Jb. 411. hálf-hneppt, n. adj. a kind of metre, Edda 139. hálf-hræddr, adj. half afraid. hálf-kirkja, u, f. a ‘half-kirk,’ = mod. annexía, an annex-church, district church, or chapel of ease, Vm. 126, H. E. i. 430, ii. 138, Am. 28, Pm. 41, Dipl. v. 19; distinction is made between al-kirkja, hálf-kirkja, and bæn-hús, a chapel. hálf-kjökrandi, part. half choked with tears. hálf-klæddr, part. half dressed. hálf-konungr, m. a half king, inferior king, Fms. i. 83. hálf-kveðinn, part. half uttered; skilja hálfkveðit orð, or hálfkveðna vísu = Lat. verbum sat, MS. 4. 7. hálf-launat, n. part. rewarded by half, Fms. ii. 62, Grág. i. 304. hálf-leypa, u, f. a half laupr (a measure), B. K. passim, hálf-leystr, part. half loosened, Greg. 55. hálf-lifandi, part. half alive, half dead, Mar. hálf-litr, adj. of a cloak, of two colours, one colour on each side, Fms. ii. 70, Fas. iii. 561, Sturl. ii. 32, iii. 112, Fær. 227, Bs. i. 434. hálf-ljóst, n. adj.; pá er hálfljóst var, in twilight, Sturl. iii. 193. hálf-lokaðr, part. half locked. hálf-mætti, n. ‘half might,’ opp. to omnipotence, Skálda 161. hálf-mörk, f. half a mark, Vm. 80, 126. hálf-nauðigr, adj. half reluctant, Fms. xi. 392. hálf-neitt, n. adj. ‘half-naught,’ trifling, Fas. i. 60. hálf-níð, n. half a lampoon, Fms. iii. 21. hálf-níræðr, see above (II). hálf-nýtr, adj. of half use, Rb. 86. hálf-opinn, adj. half open. hálf-prestr, m. a ‘half-priest,’ a chaplain to a hálfkirkja, Sturl. ii. 178. hálf-pund, n. half a pound, Gþl. 343. hálf-raddarstafr, m. a semivowel, Skálda 176, 178. hálf-reingr, a, m. a half scamp, Bs. i. 517. hálf-rétti, n. a law term (cp. fullrétti, p. 177), a slight, a personal affront or injury of the second degree, liable only to a half fine; e. g. hálfréttis-orð is a calumny in words that may be taken in both senses, good and bad; whereas fullréttis-orð is downright, unmistakable abuse, Grág. ii. 144; hence the phrases, mæla, göra hálfrétti við e-n, i. 156, 157, ii. 153. hálfréttis-eiðr, m. an oath of compurgation to be taken in a case of h., N. G. L. i. 352. hálfréttis-maðr, m. a man that has suffered hálfrétti, Gþl. 105, 200. hálfréttis-mál, n. a suit of a case of h., N. G. L. i. 314. hálf-róinn, part. having rowed half the way, half-way, Fms. viii. 312. hálf-róteldi, n., prob. corrupt, Fms. xi. 129. hálf-rými, n. a naut. term, half a cabin, one side of a ship’s cabin, Fms. viii. 138, ix. 33, x. 157, Hkr. i. 302. hálfrýmis-félagar, m. pl. messmates in the same h., Edda 108. hálfrýmis-kista, u, f. a chest or bench belonging to a h., Fms. viii. 85. hálf-rökit (-rökvit, -rökvat), n. adj. half twilight, in the evening, Grett. 137, 140 A; hálf-rökvat is the mod. form, which occurs in Grett. 79 new Ed., Jb. 176, Al. 54; vide rökvit. hálf-sagðr, part. half told; in the saying, jafnan er hálfsögð saga ef einn segir = audiatur et altera pars, Grett. 121. hálf-sextugr, see hálfr II. hálf-sjauræðr, adj. = hálfsjötugr, Stj. 48. hálf-sjötugr, see hálfr II. hálf-skiptr, part. = hálflitr, Fms. ii. 170, Sturl. iii. 112. hálf-sleginn, part. half mown, of a field. hálf-slitinn, part. half worn. hálf-sofandi, part. half asleep. hálf-sótt, n. part. half passed; hálfsótt haf, a half-crossed sea. hálf-systkin, n. pl. half brother and sister, cp. hálfbróðir. hálf-systur, f. pl. half sisters. hálf-tíræðr, see hálfr II. hálf-troll, n. half a giant, Eg. 1, Nj. 164 (a nickname). hálf-tunna, u, f. half a tun, Vm. 44. hálf-unninn, part. half done, Fas. ii. 339. hálf-vaxinn, part. half grown. hálf-vegis, adv. by halves. hálf-virði, n. half worth, Jb. 403, Glúm. 347, Sturl. ii. 132. hálf-visinn, part. and hálf-vista, adj. half withered, and medic. palsied on one side. hálf-viti, a, m. a half-witted man. hálf-votr, adj. half wet. hálf-vætt, f. half weight (a measure), Dipl. iv. 8, Fas. iii. 383. hálf-þrítugr, see hálfr II; spelt half-ðritogr, Js. 79. hálf-þurr, adj. half dry. hálf-þverrandi, part. half waning, Js. 732 (of the moon). hálf-þynna, u, f. a kind of small axe, Gþl. 103, 104, Lv. 35. hálf-ærinn, part. half sufficient, Fms. viii. 440. hálf-ærr, adj. half mad, Sks. 778.
    II. in mod. usage hálf is freq. used = rather, e. g. hálf-kalt, adj. rather cold: hálf-feginn, adj., eg er hálffeginn, I am rather glad: e-m er hálf-íllt, hálf-bumult, hálf-óglatt, n. adj. one feels rather ill: hálf-hungraðr, hálf-svangr, hálf-soltinn, hálf-þyrstr, adj. rather hungry, rather thirsty, etc., and in endless compds.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HÁLFR

  • 43 hrepp-stjóri

    a, m. a ‘Rape-steerer,’ overseer, Jb. 186, Vm. 116: in each Rape in Icel. the best yeoman is chosen as hreppstjóri by the sheriff (amtmaðr) or, as in former days, by the parishioners, but he is not paid; he has, jointly with the parish priest, to manage the business of the Rape, esp. to see to the maintenance of the poor, fix the poor-rate of each franklin, and, as there are no poor-houses, to arrange the distribution of the poor (úmagar) among the parishioners. In the days of the Commonwealth there was a committee of five members, called hreppstjórnarmenn (q. v.), which discharged the duties of the present hreppstjóri; með ráði heima-prests ok hreppstjóra, Vm. 116. This word does not occur in the Grágás, but only after A. D. 1281; for the reading hreppstjóri in the D. I. i. 199 (in a deed supposed to be of A. D. 1150) is only found in a mod. transcript, and the original prob. had hreppstjórnarmenn (pl.)

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > hrepp-stjóri

  • 44 LYRITR

    (gen. -ar), m. veto, interdict; verja e-t lýriti, to put a veto on, forbid by law.
    * * *
    m., or better lýritr or lýrittr, gen. lyritar (but lyrits, Grág. ii. 233), dat. lyriti, plur. lyritar. N. G. L. ii. 94, Jb. 193; the quantity cannot be ascertained because the vellums do not distinguish between long and short vowels; it is spelt with one t throughout the Grág. (Kb.); the alliterative phrase lagalyritr, as also the invariable spelling in the Grágás, shew that the word had no initial h. Former attempts at an etymology, from læ and rifta (Björn á Skarðsá), hlýrar and réttir (Pal Vídal.), lygi and rift (Fritzner), must be dismissed; tiie spelling lyriftar, which once or twice occurs in Norse MSS. of the 14th century (N. G. L. i. 394, ii. 94, v. l. 19), is probably a mere corruption. Lyritr is a compd word from lög, law, and rör or reyr, a landmark, which word in the old Swed. law exactly answers to lyrit in the Norse law; lyrit is thus qs. lý-ryr-ti, by assimilation and by weakening the y into i, lyritti; the t being inflexive: its literal sense, therefore, is a lawful rör or landmark. In Sweden there were often five mark-stones, but it is added (Schlyter iii. s. v. rör)—fiuri stenar oc þri stenar mughu rör heta = four stones and even three stones may be called rör, i. e. make a ‘law-rör,’ a lawful landmark, a lyrit; this, we believe, is the etymology of this much-contested word. About the gender (masc., not fem.) there can be no doubt, from the numerous instances in the Grágás; but in the 13th century the word began to become neuter, thus we have lyritit, Grág. (Kb.) i. 103, lines 14 and 21, but lyritinn several times in the same page: nom. lyriti in Grág. (Sb.) ii. 226; and elalausu lyriti, Nj. passim.
    B. SENSE:
    I. prop. when the boundary of a field or estate was to be drawn, the law prescribed that a mark-stone (mark-steinn) should be raised on the spot, and three other stones laid beside it; these three stones were called landmark-stones (lyrit-steinar or lyritar); by their number and position they were distinguished from all other stones in the field, see N. G. L. ii. 94, cp. note 19 (Jb. 193).
    II. metaph. in the Icel. law, a full title of possession, lawful claim to right or property; thus defined by Konrad Maurer—‘Lyrit bedeutet in der Grágás und in den ältern Sagas, das volle Eigentums-recht, oder auch den Bann, der dem Grunde gentümer zum Schutze seines Eigentumes, dem Goden aber Kraft seiner Amtsgewalt zusteht:’
    1. the earliest kind was probably the land-lyrit or ‘land-ban;’ this law term was originally borrowed from the mark-stones themselves, and then came to mean a full title to land, field, pasture, or estate, Grág. ii. 224, 225:—eignar-lyritr, full lawful possession, a legal title of ownership; hafa eignar-lyrit fyrir landi, 204, 222.
    2. a veto; Goða-lyritr, the veto of a Goði ( Priest), forbidding the court or neighbours to deliver a sentence or verdict in a case, and thus quashing the suit. A Goði alone, by virtue of his office, was entitled to stop a court in this way, whether personally or by one of his liegemen, so that if any one else wished thus to stop a suit, he had first to go to his liegelord (Goði) and be authorised by him to do so; cp. the phrases, taka lyrit af Goða, selja lyrit, ef Goði færir lyrit sinn sjálfr fram, and similar law phrases, Grág. i. 109–111, cp. esp. Þ. Þ. ch. 38; neglect of this was contempt of court, punishable by the lesser outlawry. The word lyritr occurs at every step in the Grágás, esp. in the phrase, verja lyriti, or verja e-t lyriti, to defend through a lyrit, i. e. to put under veto, to vindicate one’s right, forbid, or the like; eigi varðar hagabeit, nema lyriti sé varið, Grág. ii. 224; verja lyriti haga, 225; þótt maðr veri fleirum lyriti (dat.), 226, Nj.; láta lyrit koma fyrir sök, to stop on a case, Grág. i. 109; kaupa land lagn kaupi ok lyritar, to buy land by a lawful bargain and with full tide of possession, ii. 213; eptir þat nefndi Þorkéll sér vátta, ok setti (varði?) þeim lyriti, ok fyrirbauð þeim at dæma, Lv. 31; ok er únýt stefna hans eðr lyriti (lyritr?), Grág. ii. 226; hann (the Goði) skal nefna sér vátta, áðr hann færi lyrit fram, í þat vætti, at ek ver lyriti, goða-lyriti, löglyriti fullum dómendum at dæma um sök þá … enda skal hann svá verja kviðmönnum lyriti, at bera kviðu um hann, i. 111; ek ver lyriti mínum, löglyriti dómendum at dæma, id.; færa lyrit sinn fram, to utter one’s veto, id.; fara með land-lyriti, ii. 225.
    COMPDS: lyritareiðr, lyritarvarzla, lyritarvörn.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > LYRITR

  • 45 STAÐR

    I)
    (-ar, ir), m.
    1) ‘stead’, place, spot;
    fimmtán í hvárum stað, fifteen in each place;
    í einum stað í Englandi, somewhere in England;
    skipta í tvá, fjóra staði, to divide into two, four parts;
    fara af stað, to go away, leave;
    hafa sik af stað, to absent oneself;
    bíða e-s ór stað, to wait on the spot, wait till one is attacked (Baglar biðu eigi högganna ór stað, ok flýðu þeir upp fyrir norðan bœinn);
    ráða e-u til staðar, to settle;
    gefa e-u stað, to stop;
    þeir gefa eigi stað ferðinni, they stopped not on their journey;
    gefa staðar, to stop, halt;
    þá er sá íss gaf staðar ok rann eigi, when that ice stopped and flowed no more;
    nema stað or staðar, to stop (hér munum vér stað nema);
    2) adverbially, í stað, þegar í stað, on the spot, at once;
    rétt í stað, just now;
    í marga staði, in many respects;
    í alla staði, in every respect;
    í engan stað, no-ways;
    í annan stað, on the other hand, secondly;
    í staðinn, instead;
    alls staðar, everywhere;
    annars staðar, elsewhere;
    nökkurs staðar, anywhere;
    3) end, result;
    vil ek vita, hvern stað eiga skal málit, I wish to know how the matter is to stand;
    koma í einn stað niðr, to turn out the same way;
    4) stop, pause, hesitation (þeim varð staðr á um andsvörin);
    5) springness, elasticity, of steel, etc.;
    ok dregr ór allan ataðinn ór boganum, the bow lost all its spring;
    6) strength of mind, courage;
    mun hann ekki eiga stað við sjónum hans, he will not be able to stand his looks;
    gøra stað í hestinn, to make the horse firm
    7) mark, print, traces (þeir sá þar engan stað þeira tíðinda, er þar höfðu orðit);
    8) church establishment, church, convent (staðrinn í Skálaholti, á Hólum);
    9) town (marga staði vann hann í þessu landi í vald Girkjakonungi).
    a. restive, of a horse;
    verða staðr at, to stop, start, from surprise.
    * * *
    1.
    m., gen. staðar, dat. stað, and older staði, pl. staðir: [from standa; Ulf. staþs = τόπος; A. S. stæð; Engl. stead in home-stead; Dan. stæd; Germ. statt]:—a ‘stead,’ place, abode; stjörnur þat né vissu hvar þær staði áttu, Vsp. 5; sessa ok staði, Ls. 7; fá mönnum stað ok mála, Grág. i. 473; nú hefir maðr eigi stað þeim mönnum, 465; færa úmaga til staðar, 256; færa varnað til staðar, Eg. 535; koma í þann stað, Grág. i. 485; í einn stað, in one place; í annan stað, in another place, 656 C. 11; fimmtán í hvárum stað, fifteen in each place, Eg. 577; í einhverjum stað, in some place, somewhere, Sks. 94; í einum stað í England, somewhere in England, Fms. x. 392; ek hefi í einum stað á stofnat, Nj. 3; í öllum stöðum, in all places, altogether, Grág. ii. 178; í öllum stöðum þeim, er…, in every case, where …, i. 153.
    2. skipta í tvá, fjóra, sextán … staði, to divide into two, four, sixteen … parts, 656 C. 16; skiptask í tvá staði, Fb. ii. 437:—fara af stað (mod. á stað), to go away, leave, Gþl. 177; hafa sik af stað, to absent oneself, Fb. i. 565; bíða e-s ór stað, to wait in one’s place, wait till one is attacked, Fms. iv. 268, viii. 48, 318, 355; ráða e-u til staðar, to settle, ii. 78, Ld. 178; gefa e-u stað, or gefa staðar, to stop, halt, Edda (pref.) 3, 40, Fms. vi. 384 (gefa A. V. 3), viii. 400; nema stað or staðar, to stop, Nj. 18, 54, 132, Dropl, 29, Fms. i. 167, 206, Fas. ii. 535, Ld. 104, Bs. i. 144, Edda 40 (nema A. 5); leita staðar, to seek a place (privy), Hm. 113. Hkr. i. 16, Fær. 197 (leita I): to seek an outlet, Fas. ii. 528; ganga at staðar, cacare, N. G. L. i. 127.
    3. adverbially, í stað, on the spot, at once, presently, Dropl. 9, Fas. ii. 508, Stj. 263, 505, Fms. iv. 249; rétt í stað, just now, Flóv. 7; í marga staði, in many respects, Fms. vii. 221; í engan stað, noways, i. 80; í alla staði, in every respect, Nj. 213, 224, 237, Fms. vi. 59, xi. 58; í staðinn. instead, Grág. i. 61, Fms. i. 24, Nj. 73, Fb. i. 285; í annan stað, on the other hand, secondly. Fms. vi. 191, Nj. 210, 216:—gen. as adverb, alls staðar, everywhere; annars s., elsewhere; einhvers-staðar, nökkurs-s., somewhere; marg-staðar, fás staðar, in many places, in few places; né eins staðar, nowhere; sums-staðar, somewhere; see allr, annarr, einn, nekkverr, margr, sumr.
    4. metaph. a goal, aim; hvern stað á sættar-umleitan þessi, Fms. ix. 51; ef þann stað tæki vizka þeirra, H. E. i. 249; vil ek vita hvern stað eiga skal málit, I wish to know the final answer, Ísl. ii. 216: hann spyrr hvern skal eiga hans mál, Eb. 132; koma í einn stað niðr, to turn out the same way, Fb. ii. 168.
    II. spec. usages, a stop, pause, hesitation; þeim varð staðr á um andsvörin. Fms. ix. 461; nú drepr ór hljóð, ok verðr honum staðr á, ok mælti þó vánu bráðara, xi. 115.
    2. elasticity, of steel or the like; ok dregr ór allan staðinn ór honum, it (the bow) lost all its elasticity, 623. 19; var þá ór sverðinu allr staðrinn, Sd. 118, 132; staðr í sverði, Kormak, freq. in mod. usage:—strength of mind, courage, þann úhreinan anda er hann átti eigi stað við at sjá, Sturl. iii. 246; mun hann ekki eiga stað við sjónum haus, he will not be able to stand his looks, Fms. iv. 242; ef þú þykkisk mega göra stað í hestinn ( make the horse firm), þá far til, Bs. i. 633.
    3. a mark, print; sýndi hann oss á sínum limum járna stað ok banda, Hom. 121; sá þar öngan stað (no marks, traces were seen) þeirra tíðenda er þar hofðu orðit, Fb. i. 283.
    III. a church-establishment (church, see, convent); höfuð-kirkja á staðinum, Fms. ix. 369; staðrinn í Skálaholti, s. á Hólum, or Hóla-staðr, á staðnum á Hólum, Bs. i. passim; staðr í Lundi, Ann. 1234; klaustr eða aðrir stórir staðir, Fms. xi. 202; Brandr er setti stað ( a benefice) at Húsa-felli, Ld. 332; staðr í Viðey ( a convent), D. I. i. 512 stað hér at Helgafelli, 282: a town, staðr í Lybiku, Fms. x. 48; s. í Óðinsvé, xi. 267; þann inn dýrliga stað (Konunga-hella), vii. 187; stað eða borg, K. Á. 222: staðar-ábúð, staðar-bót, staðar-spjöll; staðar-bú, a rectory; staðar-eign, church-possession; staðar-fé, church-property; staðar-forráð, administration of church-establishments; staðar-jörð, a glebe; staðar-prestr, a parish-priest; staðar-setning, an establishment, Sturl. i. 113, 143, iii. 229, Vm. 6, Ám. 28, Dipl. iii. 4, v. 18, Bs. i. 546; staða-mál, the church contest, the name given to the struggle between clergy and laity about the ownership and administration of the churches and glebes (staða-forráð), which took place in Icel. at the end of the 13th century, and was partly settled by the agreement of A. D. 1296, Bs., Arna S., Ann. passim; staða-menn, the lay proprietors of the church estates, Arna S.; staða-gjafir, the yielding up of staðir, Ann.
    2. ‘staðr’ was hence (but always in sing.) added to several local names where such an establishment had been erected, e. g. Staðr, Staðar-fell, Staðar-hraun, Staðar-hóll, as also Mel-staðr, Reyni-staðr, the old names in the heathen age of these places being Fell, Hraun, Hóll, Melr, see Sturl., Band., Bjarn.
    3. again, the plur. - staðir is freq. in local names of the heathen age; Grani bjó at Grana-stöðum, Grímarr á Grímars-stöðum, Höskulds-staðir, Alreks-staðir …, Landn., Fms. passim, see also map of lcel.
    2.
    adj. restive, of a horse; hross skjart eða statt, Gþl. 504; verða staðr at, to stop, start, from surprise, Korm. 76; þá varð þeim staðara at höggva, Fms. ix. 225.

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  • 46 erfiði

    n. trouble, toil, labor; höfum erfiði ok ekki erendi, we have the toil, but no result.
    * * *
    or erviði (ærfaði, N. G. L. i. 391; ærfuð, id. I. 10), n. [Ulf. arbaiþs = κόπος; A. S. earfoð; O. H. G. arapeit; mod. Germ. arbeit, which shews that mod. Dan. arbeide and Swed. arbete are borrowed from the Germ.; lost in Engl. The etymology of this word is uncertain; the Icel. notion is to derive it from er- priv. and viða = vinna, to work, but it is scarcely right; Grimm, s. v. arbeit, suggests it to be akin to Lat. labor; Max Müller refers it to the root AR, to plough, Science of Language, p. 258, 3rd Ed.; but arfiði (Björn, p. 41) instead of erviði is a fictitious form, and the statement that in old Norse or Icel. it means ploughing rests only on a fancy of old Björn (Dict. l. c.), to which he was probably led by the similarity between Lat. arvum to Germ. and mod. Dan. arbeit, arbeide: in fact the Icel., ancient or modern, conveys no such notion; even in the old heathen poems the word is used exactly in the present sense, which again is the same as in Ulf.]:—toil, labour, and metaph. toil, trouble; in the allit. phrase, e. en eigi eyrendi, toil but no errand, i. e. lost labour, Þkv. 10, 11, Hkv. Hjörv. 5; víl ok e., toil and trouble (of travelling), Hbl. 58, Skálda 163; kváðusk hafa haft mikit e. ok öngu á leið komið, Fms. v. 21, Post. 645. 58, Sks. 235, v. l., N. G. L. l. c.
    2. metaph. distress, suffering; drýgja e., to ‘dree’ distress, Gm. 35 (heathen poem),—in N. G. L. i. 391 this phrase is used of a priest officiating; hungr, þorsti, e., Hom. 160: in pl., meðr mörgum erfiðum er á hana leggjask, Stj. 51: an old poet (Arnor) calls the heaven the erfiði of the dwarfs, vide dvergr. In the Icel. N. T. erfiði is often used in the very same passages as in Ulf., thus—yðvart e. er eigi ónýtt í Drottni, 1 Cor. xv. 58; í erfiði, í vökum, í föstu, 2 Cor. vi. 5; og hrósum oss eigi tram yfir mælingu í annarlegu erfiði, x. 15; og vort e. yrði til ónýtis, 1 Thess. iii. 5, cp. Ulf. l. c.
    β. medic. asthma, difficulty in breathing; brjóst-erfiði, heavy breathing.
    COMPDS: erfiðisdauði, erfiðislaun, erfiðisléttir, erfiðismunir, erfiðisnauð, erfiðissamr, erfiðissemi, erviðisverk.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > erfiði

  • 47 papi

    m.
    2) pope.
    * * *
    a, m. [Lat. papa; Gr. πάππα; cp. early Swed. pæplinger, whence mod. Swed. pebling and Peblinge-söe near Copenhagen; Germ. pfäfflein]:—a pope, priest; the Irish anchorites were esp. called Papar; traces of such anchorites at the first arrival of the Northmen were found in the east of Icel.; þá vóru hér menn Kristnir þeir es Norðmenn kalla Papa, Jb. ch. 1, Landn. (pref.) These ‘monks of the west’ had sought this remote desert island in order to shun all intercourse with men, and when the heathen Northmen came to Iceland, the Papas left it; the statement of Ari Fróði in the Landnáma is confirmed by the book of the Irish monk Dicuil (De Mensurâ Orbis), Ed. Paris, 1807. From these Papas are derived some local names, Pap-ey, Papýli, Pap-óss, Papa-fjörðr, map of Icel., Landn. Papeyjar-buxur, f. pl. a kind of wizard breeches, money breeches, see Maurer’s Volks.
    2. the pope, Landn. 18.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > papi

  • 48 Síra

    m. indecl. sir, master (esp. used of priests, sometimes of knights).
    * * *
    m. indecl.; though so spelt, it is by old people in Icel. sounded sera, commonly, however, and less correctly séra, [a Romance word borrowed from the French]:— sirrah (a word now only used contemptuously), sir, master; the word is in Art. S. used as an address to a knight, Síra Ivent, etc.; but this saga is a translation from the French. In Norway and Icel. the word appears at the end of the 13th century (Arna S., Hák. S. Gamla, Ann. after 1260, Laur. S.), and is then used of priests only, as it is in Icel. at the present day a recognised title of a priest, and with the Christian name only, so that a clergyman is never named without this title,—Síra Hallgrímr, Síra Þorkell; thus in the ditty, Síra Ólafr á Söndum, | sálina og vísur kvað; Síra Hallgrímr hagr | á hróðrar smíðið var; hann Síra Jón, etc.; cp. Old Engl. sir, used of priests, with the Christian name only, as Sir Hugh, etc., in Shakespeare.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > Síra

  • 49 SÓKN

    * * *
    (pl., -ir), f.
    1) attack, fight (harðr í sóknum);
    2) prosecution; urðu þá allir á þat sáttir, at þá væri framarr vörn en s., that the defence was better than the prosecution; sœkja með lands-laga sókn, to raise a lawful action;
    3) concourse, resort of people (nú er s. mikil í Skálholt um allt Ísland.), company;
    4) parish;
    5) drag, grapnel.
    * * *
    f. [sækja: A. S. sôcen; Dan. sogn]:—an attack; í orrostum ok sóknum, Fms. ii. 106, vi. 59; harðr í sóknum, 24; tóksk harðasta sókn, Eg. 125; Guð gaf honum sigr hvar sem hann átti sóknir, Ver. 26, passim.
    2. a law term, an action, esp. the prosecution, as opp. to vörn ( the defence); sókn skal fara fyrr fram hvers máls enn vörn, Grág. i. 59; dómar skyldu fara út til sóknar, Nj. 87; sækja með lands-laga sókn, to raise a lawful action, Bs. i. 749; biskups sókn ( action) um kristnispell, H. E. i. 251; ok á slíka sókn hverr maðr til síns fjár sem goðinn á, Grág. i. 141.
    II. the assemblage of people at a church, meeting, or the like; nú er sókn mikil í Skálholt um allt Ísland, því skaltú fyrir hugsa þik um sermon á morgin, Bs. i. 809; görðisk þá þegar mikil sókn at Guðmundar-degi, 829; til-sókn, at-sókn, skip-sókn, a ship’s crew; sókn eru sautján, Edda 108.
    2. a parish, Dan. sogn, answering to the secular hreppr or sveit; af hverri (jörð) sem í sókninni liggr, Vm. 140, passim in mod. usage; kirkju-sókn; sókna prestr, a parish priest: of a diocese, Dipl. ii. 14; þing-sókn, q. v.
    III. a drag, grapnel, to drag the bottom of the sea, only in plur.; hvalrinn hljóp á sjó ok sökk, síðan fóru menn til á skipum ok görðu til sóknir, ok vildu draga hvalinn at landi, Bs. i. 641; ef maðr dregr upp akkeri með sókn eðr kafar til, N. G. L. ii. 284; sóknir góðar skaltú jafnan minnask at hafa á skip með þer, Sks. 30; fóru hvern dag margir menn meðr sóknir at leita líkanna, Fms. viii. 231, v. l.
    2. in mod. usage sóknir means a big iron hook by which sharks are caught.
    COMPDS: sóknaraðili, sóknardagr, sóknarfólk, sóknargögn, sóknarkirkja, sóknarkviðr, sóknarmaðr, sóknarmál, sóknarprestr, sóknarvitni, sóknarþing.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SÓKN

  • 50 tíund

    f.
    2) tithe.
    * * *
    f. the ‘tenth;’ kona má gefa tíund ór heiman-fylgju sinni, N. G. L. i. 153; tíundar gjöf, q. v.
    II. as a law term, a tithe, Scot. teind, being the tenth part of the produce, K. Á. 96; for the introduction of the tíund by Bishop Gizur, in the year 1097, see Íb. ch. 10. For the Law on Tithe, Tíundar Lög, see D.I. i. 70 sqq. For Norway, see N. G. L. ii. 310. The tithe was divided into four parts,—between bishop, priest, church, and the poor, biskups-t., prests-t., kirkju-t., fátækra-t.: names of other tithes are, osta-t., sel-t., skipar-t., skreiðar-t., báta-t., kaupeyris-t., D. N., N. G. L.: other special names, leiðangrs-t., höfuð-t. (see p. 308, col. 1), ávaxtar-t. (see p. 48), in meiri tíund, Grág. i. 202, K. Þ. K. 37 new Ed.; lög-tíund, skipti-t., heima-t.
    COMPDS: tíundarfé, tíundargjald, tíundargjöf, tíundargörð, tíundarhald, tíundarheimta, tíundarlag, tíundarmál, tíundarreikningr, tíundarskipti, tíundarsókn, tíundarsök, tíundartími, tíundarvara, tíundarvirðr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > tíund

  • 51 SKIP

    * * *
    n. ship (of any kind).
    * * *
    n. [Ulf. skip = πλοιον; a word common to all Teut. languages, ancient and modern]:—a ship; it is the generic name, including ships of every size and shape; lang-skip, a long ship, a war ship (including dreki, skeið, snekkja); kaup-skip, a merchant ship (including knörr, buzza, kuggr); even of ferry-boats on lakes, rivers, channels, hafa skip á á ( river), Grág. ii. 267; haf-skip, a sea-going ship; segl-skip, róðrar-skip, N. G. L. i. 335, Ld. 300, Hkr. i. 152, Fms. i. 38; ríða til skips, Nj. 4, and in countless instances: of a ship-formed candlestick, járn stika með skipi, Dipl. v. 18. For the heathen rite of burying a man in a ship, see Landn. 81, Ld. 16, Gísl., cp. also Yngl. S. ch. 27; Skjöld. S., of king Ring in Arngrim’s Suppliments (MSS.)
    II. COMPDS:
    1. with gen. plur.: skipa-afli, a, m. a naval force, Sturl. iii. 65, Fms. vii. 248. skipa-búnaðr (-búningr, Fms. x. 119), m. the fitting out of ships, making ready for sea, Fms. viii. 380, ix. 215. skipa-farir, f. pl. = skipa-ferð, Orkn. 428, Fms. iv. 50, Þiðr. 249. skipa-fé, n. a ship-tax, Rétt. 1. 5, H. E. i. 414, Jb. 459. skipa-ferð, f. = skip-ferð, Gullþ. 67, Fms. vi. 321. skipa-fjöldi, a, m. a multitude of ships, Magn. 450. skipa-floti, a, m. a fleet of ships, Fs. 16, Nj. 8. skipa-gangr, m. = skipaferð, Fms. vi. 238, 321, Bs. ii. 131. skipa-görð, f. ship-building, Fms. ii. 107, viii. 105, Rétt. 42. skipa-herr, m. a naval force. Eg. 13, 31, Fms. iii. 74. skipa-kaup, n. the trading with a ship in harbour, Grág. ii. 406. skipa-kostr, m. = skipaafli, Eg. 117, 527, Fms. i. 20, Orkn. 380. skipa-lauss, adj. without ships, Fms. xi. 180. skipa-leið, f. the ‘ship-road,’ way by sea, Fms. x. 92. skipa-leiðangr, m. a levy in ships, Rétt. 81. skipa-leiði, n. = skipaleið. Fms. x. 85. skipa-leiga, u, f. the hire of a ship, H. E. i. 394. skipa-lið, n. a naval force, Eg. 7, Fms. i. 147, vi. 225. skipa-lýðr, m. shipmen, seamen, Fb. i. 122. skipa-lægi, n. a berth, Landn. 54, Fms. vii. 122. skipa-maðr, m. a shipman. mariner, pl. a crew, Grág. i. 451, Nj. 133, Rd. 227, Fms. x. 244. skipa-meðferð, f. shipping business, Grág. ii. 394. skipa-orrosta, u, f. a sea-fight, Sks. 395. skipa-reiði, a, m. a ship’s rigging, Skálda 194. skipa-saumr, m. [Dan. skibs-stöm], ship-nails, Fms. ix. 377. skipa-smiðr, m. a ship-wright, Eg. 135. skipa-smíð, f. sbip-building, Stj. 570. skipa-stóll, m. a supply of ships, fleet, Fms. vii. 292, viii. 163, 177, x. 414, Stj. 346. skipa-tollr, m. a ship-tax, Rétt. 42. skipa-uppsát, n. the right of laying a ship ashore, Grág. ii. 401. skipa-viða, u, f. ship-timber, Fr. skipa-vöxtr, m. the size of ships, Fms. ii. 299.
    2. with gen. sing.; skips-bátr, m. a ship’s boat, Fbr. 103. skips-borð, n. a ship’s board, gunwale, Vkv. 31, Skálda 192, Fms. xi. 140. skips-brot, n. = skipbrot, Grág. ii. 389, Gþl. 482, Fms. ii. 80, Edda 131. skips-bryggja, u, f. a ship’s bridge, gangway. skips-dráttr, m. ship-launching, Grág. ii. 401, Gþl. 371, Fms. ix. 402, Fs. 157. skips-dróttinn, m. a ship’s master, skipper, 655 x. 2. skips-flak, n. a wreck, Fms. ii. 246, Hkr. i. 303. skips-görð, f. = skipgörð, N. G. L. skips-háski, a, m. danger at sea, Jb. 402. skips-höfn, f. a ship’s crew, Fms. ii. 246, vii. 298, Landn. 56, Ld. 118, passim: a harbour, berth; kirkja á s. í Herdísar-vík, Vm. 14. skips-lengd, f. a ship’s length, Grág. i. 209, ii. 399. skips-prestr, m. a ship’s priest, Sturl. i. 117. skips-reiði, a, m. a ship’s tackling, Greg. 76. skips-sátr and skips-uppsát, n. a berth, Gþl. 98, 113. skips-verð, n. a ship’s worth, N. G. L. i. 198.
    B. PROP.
    COMPDS: skipbatr, skipborð, skipbót, skipbrot, skipbrotsmaðr, skipbuza, skipbúinn, skipbúnaðr, skipdráttr, skipdróttinn, skiperfð, skipfarmr, skipferð, skipfjöl, skipflak, skipfærr, skipför, skipgengr, skipgörð, skipherra, skiphlutr, skiphræ, skiphræddr, skipkaup, skipkostr, skipkváma, skipkænn, skiplauss, skipleggja, skipleiga, skiplesting, skipleysi, skipmaðr, skiprestr, skippund, skippundari, skipreiða, skipreiði, skipreiðumenn, skipreiðuþing, skipreiki, skiprúm, skipsala, skipsaumr, skipsátr, skipskeggja, skipskrokkr, skipsleði, skipsmiðr, skipsmíð, skipsókn, skipstafn, skipstjóri, skipstjórn, skipstjórnarmaðr, skipsveinn, skipsýsla, skipsögn, skiptaka, skiptapi, skiptjón, skiptollr, skiptöturr, skipuppsátr, skipverð, skipveri, skipverjar, skipviðr, skipvist.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SKIP

  • 52 SNÁPR

    (-s, -ar), m. dolt, fool (þú mant virðr sem hinn heimskasti s.).
    * * *
    m. [? vulgar Engl. snob; N. Lancashire snape], a dolt, with the notion of impostor or charlatan; in the ancient law a person who attacks an innocent man, e. g. who falsely boasts of having dishonoured a woman, was called snápr, and was to be punished as if really guilty, and his fine was called snáps-gjöld or ‘snob’s fine,’ þar sem heimskir menn ok snápar ráða upp á saklausa menn, N. G. L. i. 20; nú vænisk maðr því at …, gjaldi slíkan rétt, sem hann væri sannr at því máli, ok heiti maðr at verri, þat heita snáps-gjöld, Gþl. 204: in mod. Icel., when a priest or a married man breaks the seventh commandment, and to escape degradation and punishment hires another person to bear the blame, this latter is called snápr; hence it has become a by-word, a dummy, dolt, idiot; þessir menn munu vera snápar ok hafa ekki komit fyrr í önnur lönd, Fms. ii. 64; þér sofit sem snápar, Edda (Gl.), Str. 71, Fas. ii. 225; skynlauss s., Stj. 473; at snápar snubbi þik, 423; viltir snápar, 418: an impostor, laga-snápr, a ‘whipper-snapper,’ pettifogger; orð-snápr, a ‘word-snob,’ babbler, Acts xvii. 18; sem margr snápr hefir svarat hér til, Gþl. 172.
    II. the pointed end of a gimlet, pen, pencil, or the like, which may be the primitive sense of this word.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SNÁPR

  • 53 MOLD

    * * *
    (dat. moldu), f.
    1) mould, earth (hlóðu síðan at grjóti ok jósu at moldu);
    2) earth, the ground; fyrir m. ofan, above earth, alive; fyrir m. neðan, beneath the earth, underground; hníga til moldar, to die.
    * * *
    f., dat. moldu; [Ulf. mulda = χους and κονιορτός, Mark vi. 11, Luke ix. 5; A. S. molde; Engl. mould; O. H. G. molta; Dutch mul; Dan. muld; Swed. mull]:—mould, earth (from, mala and mylja); jósu at moldu, Eg. 300; hafa legit í moldu, Fms. v. 106; saurig mold, Stj. 115. Earth was symbolical of a purchase of land (cp. Lat. mancipium): the rite is thus described, nú kaupir maðr jörð …, hann á mold at taka sem í lögum er mælt, taka at arins-hornum fjórum, ok í öndugis-sæti, ok þar sem akr ok eng mætisk, ok þar sem holt ok hagi mætisk, ok njóta þeirra vátta á þingi at hann hefir mold rétt tekna, etc., N. G. L. i. 96; penningr gengr fyrir mold ok man, iii. 92, v. l.: as also in moldrofs-maðr (q. v.), D. N. i. 7:—vera fyrir ofan mold, above earth, alive, Fms. vi. 182; fyrir mold neðan, beneath earth, Vsp. 2; á moldu, on earth; meðan mold er ok menn lifa, Grág. ii. 169:—of burials, syngja e-n til moldar, to chant one into the mould, to bury, of a priest, Dipl. iv. 8, H. E. ii. 131; hníga til moldar, to die, Hðm. 16; fella til moldar, to fell to earth, slay, Fbr. (in a verse); maðr er moldu samr, man is dust, Sól. 47; úvígðri moldu, Landn. 117: in plur. funerals, standa yfir moldum e-s, to attend one’s funeral: the phrase, rigna í moldirnar, of rain into an open, fresh dug grave, Ísl. Þjóðs. ii. 55; moldar genginn, buried, Sól. 60; maðr er moldar auki, ‘a man is but mould eke’ is but dust, a saying, Rkv.; verða at moldar auka, to be turned into dust, Fas. i. (in a verse), Ver. 5.
    COMPDS: moldarfullr, moldarhola, moldauki, moldbakki, moldbúi.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > MOLD

  • 54 skript

    (pl. -ir), f.
    1) picture, drawing (seglit var sett með fögrum skriptum);
    2) writing, writ;
    3) confession (to a priest); veita e-m s., to confess one; ganga til skriptar, skripta, to go to confession;
    4) penance (setja e-m s.);
    5) punishment (tröll kváðu Kaldrana hata fengit makliga s. fyrir sinn tilverknað).
    * * *
    1.
    skrift, f. [skrifa], a picture, drawing, tapestry; skjöldrinn var skrifaðr fornsögum, en allt milli skriptanna vóru lagðar yfir spengr af gulli, i. e. the subjects represented on the shield were separated by golden spangles, Eg. 698; höfðu vit á skriptum þat er skatar léku, ok á hannyrðum hilmis þegna, of tapestry, Gkv. 2. 15; seglit var sett með fögrum skriptum, Fms. x. 77, see the remarks s. v. segl; hence a sail is poët. called hún-skript, the ‘mast-picture,’ Fms. ix. (in a verse): a painted tablet in a church, í krossum, líkneskjum, skriptum, Bs i. 132; stendr frúin frammi fyrir skriptinni með hreinum bænum, Mar.; Maríu-skript, Ólafs-s., Þorláks-s., Jóns-s., Andreas-s., Cecileu-s., the picture of the Virgin Mary, St. Olave, Thorlak, John, etc., Vm., D. I. i. passim.
    II. a writ, scripture (Dan. skrivten); heilög skript, Stj. 1, Bs. ii. 40; í skriptinni, Stj. 147 (but ritning, q. v., is more usual).
    2. penmanship; skriptin mín er stafa-stór … það er einsög kattar-klór, a ditty.
    III. eccles. confession, Vm. 37; veita mönnum skript, Fms. viii. 11, xi. 339, K. Þ. K. 72; ganga til skripta, Bs. i. 446, Fb. ii. 342, Sturl. ii. 34; bera mál til skripta, N. G. L. i. 152, passim.
    2. shrift, penance; setja e-m skript, Bs. i. (Laur.); taka skript (skriptir) af biskupi, K. Á. 116, 136; henni var þat boðit í s. sína, Fms. viii. 12, N. G. L. i. 152; veita s., Fms. xi. 339; inna s- sína, 156; rjúfa skript, Mar.; stórar skriptir ok mikil meinlæti, Sks. 486; svara stórum skriptum, Gþl. 169.
    3. metaph. a penalty, in a secular sense, ætla ek, at henni hafi þat engi s. verit, it has been no penance for her, Vígl. 33; fá makliga skript, to receive deserved punishment. Fas. ii. 116.
    COMPDS: skriptarganga, skriptargangr, skriptaboð, skriptadóttir, skriptafaðir, skriptalauss, skriptamaðr, skriptamál, skriptaprestr.
    2.
    f. = krypt, a crypt, Thom. 493.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > skript

  • 55 VILLA

    * * *
    I)
    f.
    1) error, falsehood;
    2) heresy;
    (-ta, -tr), v.
    1) to lead astray (nótt hefir mik villt); ok er svá villt fyrir mér, at, I am so bewildered that;
    2) to falsify, counterfeit (v. heimildir á. fé); villtar rúnar, dark, obscure runes; rísta (rúnar) villt, to mis-write, write wrong; v. leitina fyrir e-m, to confound the search, put one on a wrong scent;
    3) refl., villast, to go astray, lose one’s way (hafði hann villzt ok snúizt frá guði); with gen., nú villtust þeir vegar, now they lost the road; villtust hundarnir farsins, the hounds lost the track; þeim öllum villtist sýn, at engi þeira mátti finna hann, they were all so bewildered that none of them could find him.
    * * *
    u, f. a going astray, losing the way: metaph. error, falsehood, villa ok fáfræði, Sks. 613 B; lögvilla (q. v.), hann snöri því í villu er hón hafði mælt, Nj. 161; Þorleifr spaki er með viti lagði þá villu, Fms. x. 379: eccl. false doctrine, heresy, Rb. 338; Djöfuls villa, 655. 56; villa Arii, the Arian heresy, Ann.
    2. villu-andi, Stj. 240; villu-kenning, a false doctrine; villu-átrúnaðr, false belief, unbelief, 103; villu-efni, Fb. i. 409; villu-bönd skurðgoða, Fms. ii. 96; villu-boðorð, fortala, Anecd. 32, 70; villu-glapstigr, Stj. 49; villu-hellir, Barl. 154; villu-myrkr, Post.; villu-ráð, Anecd. 28; villu-draumr, a false dream, Barl. 108; villu-nótt, a night of error, Hom. 41; villu-þoka, Gþl. 45; villu-biskup, villu-páfi, a false bishop, a false pope, Fms. viii. 369, Ann. 415. 19; villu-prestr, a false priest, Anecd. 12; villu-spámaðr, a false prophet, Stj. 593.
    COMPDS: villu-dýr = villidýr, N. G. L. i. 317. villu-karl, m. = villumaðr, Barl. 102. villu-lauss, adj. free from error, orthodox, Barl. 99. villu-maðr, m., eccl. a heretic, Barl. 149, Stj. 21, Clem. 52; Maumets villumenn, Orkn. 364, N. T., Vídal. passim. villu-ráfandi, part. roving astray; v. sauðr. villu-samligr, adj. false, Anecd. 30, Sks. 528. villu-samr, adj. erroneous, false, Barl. 157. villu-stigr, m. a false path, Barl. 145, Anecd., Stj. 637, v. l. villu-trú, f. unbelief, Barl. 103. villu-vegr, m. a way of error, Fb. i. 117. villu-víg, n. an intended murder; e. g. vega mann til arfs, Gþl. 252.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > VILLA

  • 56 LAUSS

    a.
    1) loose, opp. to fastr, ‘bundinn’ (hon hafði laust hárit sem meyjum er títt); verða l., to get loose; eldr varð l., fire broke out; láta e-t laust, to let loose, yield up; liggja laust fyrir, to be easy to seize upon;
    2) free, unimpeded, unencumbered (gakk þú l. yfir brúna); ríða l., to ride without baggage;
    3) disengaged (free) from, with gen. (vit erum lausir allra svardaga);
    4) void, riot binding (nú er laus veðjan okkar);
    5) vacant (viljum vér gefa yðr Ólafskirkju, því at hón er nú laus);
    6) light (l. svefn);
    7) empty, without a cargo (sigla lausum skipum);
    8) movable; lönd ok lausir aurar, lands and movable property;
    10) in compds. mostly suffixed to a subst., often in gen., - less (mein-, sak-, vit-lauss, athuga-, auðnu-, lýta-lauss).
    * * *
    adj., compar. lausari, superl. lausastr; [Ulf. laus = κενός; A. S. leâs; Engl. loose, release; Germ. los; Dan. lös]:—loose, opp. to fast; fast ok laust; steinn, annarr fastr enn annarr lauss, Pm. 106; (fór) utanborðs seglit ok allt þat er laust var á búlkanum nema menn, Bs. i. 422; verða lauss, to get loose; eldr varð lauss, fire broke loose (cp. Dan. ildlös), Fms. x. 29; láta laust, to let loose, let slip, yield up, vi. 203, Nj. 58, Stj. 184; liggja laust fyrir, to sit loose, be easy to seize upon; þótti eigi svá laust fyrir liggja sem þeir ætluðu, Fms. viii. 357.
    II. metaph. free, unimpeded, Germ. ledig; þar var engi maðr lauss at söðla hest konungs, Ó. H. 15; bændr ok lausir menn, Fs. 23; þessa megin skaltú láta hest þinn, ok gakk þú lauss yfir brúna, leave thy horse behind, and walk loose (i. e. unencumbered) across the bridge, Konr.; skal þat lið á móti því er laust er ok eigi er í fylkingu, Eg. 293: ríða laust, to ride (travel) unencumbered, without luggage, Hrafn. 27; lauss hestr, a led horse, Fms. v. 285.
    2. disengaged, with gen.; en ek skal lauss allra mála ef hann kemr eigi svá út, Ísl. ii. 217; vit erum lausir allra svardaga, Fb. i. 232; lauss einka-mála, Ó. H. 194.
    3. void, not binding; nú er laus veðjan okkar, Fms. vi. 370; laus eru öll nýmæli ef eigi verða upp sögð et þriðja hvert sumar, Grág. (Kb.) i. 37; en ef Sigvaldi kemr eigi þessu fram, sem nú var skilt með þeim, þá skulu mál þeirra öll vera laus, Fms. xi. 100; kuggrinn stár á kjölnum fast en kaup er laust, Stef. Ól.
    4. vacant; viljum vér gefa yðr Ólafs kirkju, þvíat hón er nú laus, Bs. i. 800; lauss biskupsdómr, a vacant bishopric, Mar.; laust brauð, a vacant living for a priest.
    5. with the notion of empty; sigla lausum kili, to sail ‘with a loose keel,’ i. e. without a cargo, Ó. H. 115; sigla lausu skipi, id., Bs. i. 518.
    6. light, of sleep; hann var kominn í hvílu sína ok sofnaðr laust, Mar.; þá seig á hann svefn, ok þó svá lauss, at hann þóttisk vaka, Ó. H. 195, Vkv. 29.
    7. dissolved, of a meeting (þing-lausnir); þing skal laust segja á miðjum degi, Grág. i. 116; dag þann er sóknar-þing er laust, 117.
    8. loose, i. e. personal, property; lönd ok lausa aura (see lausafé, lauseyrir), Eg. 34, Js. 62; lausir penningar, loose money, cash, D. N. v. 488.
    9. not lined, of a garment; þrír dúkar með rautt skinn ok enn fjórði lauss, Vm. 47; hökull lauss, stola laus, 15.
    10. absolved from ban; hann söng yfir þeim miserere, ok segir þeim þó, at þá vóru þeir eigi lausari en áðr, Sturl. ii. 11.
    11. loose, dissolute; lauss í sínum framferðum, Mar.: heedless, lauss ok með litlum athuga, id.
    III. as the last part in compds mostly suffixed to a root word, often in gen., in a negative sense, in Icel, almost in endless instances, of which many remain in English, sak-lauss, sackless; auðnu-auss, luckless; athuga-lauss, thoughtless; mein-lauss, guileless; vit-lauss, witless, insane, etc., from which is formed the neut. subst. termination -leysi.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > LAUSS

  • 57 lindi

    m. belt, girdle.
    * * *
    1.
    a, m. [prop., as it seems, from lind = a string of lime-bast], a belt, girdle, Vkv. 17, Hkr. i. 82, Fms. i. 217, vi. 61, Bjarn. 19, 62, Rb. 438, 470, Magn. 468; eigi lagði verri maðr linda at sér, no worse man ever belted himself, Finnb. 260; lindi af lérepti, Bs. i. 317: a belt belonging to a priest’s dress, Vm. 115, = messufata-lindi, Fms. iv. 111. In mod. usage lindi is any twist of wool or hair wound round the waist, hár-lindi, band-lindi, silki-lindi, hnjósku-lindi, q. v.: poët. the sea is called Siggjar-lindi, Raðar-lindi, = the belt of the islands, Lex. Poët.
    COMPDS: lindabindi, lindalag, lindastaðr.
    2.
    n. a lime-tree, = lind, Lex. Poët.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > lindi

  • 58 vígsla

    * * *
    f. consecration, ordination (taka vígslu af biskupi).
    * * *
    u, f. a consecration, ordination; messu-djákn at vígslu, Nj. 272; kom erkibiskup heim frá vígslu, Fms. ix. 423; taka vígslu af biskupi, Bs. i, Grág. passim; kirkju-vígsla, consecration of a church; biskups-vígsla, prests-vígsla, ordination of a bishop, priest; hjóna-vígsla, a wedding; konungs-vígsla, a coronation; vatns-vígsla, Bs., passim: vígslu-dagr, the day of consecration; vígslu-faðir, an ordaining father (of a bishop), cp. ‘god-father,’ Bs.; vígslu-görð, a performance of ordination. Fms. x. 11; vígslu-maðr, a man in holy orders, viii. 269; vígslu-gjöf, id., Ann. 1356; leggja vígslu-hendr yfir e-n, to lay hands on, of a bishop, Bs. i. 850; vígslu-hrútr, the sacrificial ram, Stj.; vígslu-eiðr, the coronation-oath, Fms. viii. 155; vígslu-gull, a coronation-ring, x. 15; vígslu-kaup, a consecration-fee, K. Á. 76; vígslu-klæði, -skrúð, the coronation-robes, Fms. x. 16, viii. 193; vígslu-sverð, a coronation-sword, x. 15, 109; vígslu-taka, a receiving consecration, H. E. i. 255; vígslu-pallr, a degree of ordination, H. E., K. Á.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > vígsla

  • 59 HÚFA

    * * *
    f.
    1) cap, bonnet;
    2) vault, ceiling of a church (hann lét penta húfuna).
    * * *
    u, f., proncd. húa, [Scot. how; O. H. G. hûba; Germ. haube; Dan. hue]:—a hood, cap, bonnet; húfa hlaðbúin, Fms. vii. 225; höttr né húfa, Sks. 290; bar kona vatn í húfu sinni, Bs. i. 461, Gísl. 24, Bs. ii. 21, Dipl. v. 18 (belonging to a priest’s dress), passim; stál-húfa, a steel hood; skott-húfa, a tasseled cap; koll-húfa, a cowl or skull-cap; nátt-húfa, a night cap.
    2. the name of a cow with a white head; heimsk er hún Húfa, Stef. Ól., Kveld. ii. 197; Skinn-húfa, a nickname. húfu-lauss, adj. hoodless, bare-headed.
    II. (= húfr), part of a church, in the old timber churches, Ísl. ii. 402 (of a temple); hann lét færa innar háaltarit í húfuna, Bs. i. 830, 890, D. N. v. 586. húfu-viðr, m. timber for the húfa, Bs. i. 144.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HÚFA

  • 60 hús-vitjan

    f. a ‘house-visitation,’ a circuit which the parish priest has to make every winter from farm to farm in his parish, to enquire into the religious state of his people, the education of children, and so on.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > hús-vitjan

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