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21 Cumul des mandats
Expression used to describe the cumulation, by a single politician, of a range of different representative functions, such as parliamentarian and mayor, or mayor and president of a regional council. The principle of combining different representative roles is deeply anchored in the French political tradition, where national politicians frequently built up their reputation and power bases in their local fiefdoms, and local politics were often in the hands of local "notables" with their fingers in many pies.. Jacques Chirac, for example, had a range of elected and ministerial jobs, and was at one time simultaneously député for the Corrèzedepartment, President of the General council of Corrèze, and Mayor of Paris. Since the 1990's, there have been attempts to outlaw the practice of double mandates. Lionel Jospin forbade ministers in his government from being mayor at the same time, and this unwritten rule continued to be applied - more or less - until the end of the Chirac presidency. Since the start of the Sarkozy presidency, it has been enforced less stringently. According to a 2007 opinion poll for Le Nouvel Observateur, 74% of French people disapprove of the principle of cumul des mandats. Reform of this aspect of French life would surely be appreciated by voters, but the principle is so well rooted in the French socio-political system, and so many decision-makers and advisors- of all political persuasions - have a vested interest in the system, that this is a reform that will likely prove very difficult to implement.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Cumul des mandats
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22 Giscard d'Estaing, Valéry
(adj. Giscardien)Born 1926President of France from 1974 to 1981. Valéry Giscard d'Estaing succeed Georges Pompidou as French president, thereby putting an end to 16 years of Gaullist presidency. Though a conservative, Giscard was from the UDF, the centre right party in the conservative coalition of the time.On becoming president, Giscard promised change after a decade and a half of Gaullist rule: more Atlanticist and pro-European than previous presidents, he nevertheless failed to embody the change that many people wanted, and was not reelected for a second term. He tried to give the French presidency more popular appeal than it previously enjoyed, and make it seem closer to ordinary Frenchmen, but his changes were more symbolic than real, and included walking down the Champs Elysées in a sweater rather than a suit, and inviting himself to dinner with ordinary French families from time to time.After his defeat at the 1981 Presidential election, Giscard returned to politics as an ordinary Député (MP), and also became strongly involved in local politics in his region, the Auvergne, becoming President of the Regional Council from 1986 to 2004.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Giscard d'Estaing, Valéry
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23 Fillon, François
Born 1954.Prime minister of France 2007-2012 - The first prime minister of the first Sarkozy presidency. François Fillon, a conservative politician, was minister of social affairs, and then minister of education in the government of Jean Pierre Raffarin, during the second Chirac presidency. In this time, he acquired the reputation of a reformer, pushing through major reforms of the education system and the retirement system. He is an anglophile, and has a British wife, Penelope.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Fillon, François
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24 coprésidence
kopʀezidɑ̃s* * *coprésidence nf (d'association, de club) joint presidency, co-presidency; ( de comité) joint chairmanship, co-chairmanship; il assure la coprésidence de la conférence avec… he is joint chairperson of the conference with… -
25 semestriel
semestriel, -ielle [s(ə)mεstʀijεl]adjective* * *- ielle səmɛstʀijɛl adjectif1) [revue] biannual; [réunion, prévisions] twice-yearly (épith); [résultats] half-yearly (épith)2) Université [examen] end-of-semester (épith) GB, final US; [cours] one-semester (épith)* * *s(ə)mɛstʀijɛl adj semestriel, -le1) ADMINISTRATION half-yearly* * *semestriel, - ielle adj1 [revue, bulletin] biannual; [réunion, prévisions, perspectives] twice-yearly ( épith); [résultats] half-yearly ( épith); la présidence semestrielle de la CEE the six-month presidency of the EC;( féminin semestrielle) [səmɛstrijɛl] adjectif1. [dans l'année civile] half-yearly -
26 Trente-cinq heures, les
(see also RTT) In the year 2000, the socialist government of Lionel Jospin reduced the statutory working week in France from 39 hours to 35 hours - without loss of salary. Though the measure was accompanied by other changes in workplace legislation, including greater flexibility for employers and employees, and though the productivity of labour in France increased by over 4% as a result, the introduction of the 35-hour working week was not a good move for the French economy, particularly at a time of increasing globalization, and the rapid development of imports manufactured in low-labour-cost countries. The conservative Raffarin andVillepin governments tinkered with reform of the system that was much decried by employers, but failed to take any major action for fear of the trade unions and of hostile public reaction. It was not until the Sarkozy presidency that the official 35-hour working week legislation was to all intents and purposes rendered obsolete.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Trente-cinq heures, les
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27 Badinter, Robert
(b. 1928)French lawyer and human rights activist. Badinter was appointed Minister of Justice in the first Mitterrand administration, in 1981. He is best remembered in this context as the man who successfully led the campaign for the abolition of capital punishment in France; abolition of the death penalty was one of the first major achievements of the Mitterrand presidency. From 1986 to 1995, Badinter was president of the Conseil Constitutionnel, the highest court in the land.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Badinter, Robert
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28 Bérégovoy, Pierre
(1925-1993)Socialist Prime Minister of France 1992-1993, at the end of the second Mitterrand presidency. Former metal worker and trade unionist, who bacame a close advisor to Pierre Mendès Fance, and later private secretary to François Mitterrand. In 1992, after the disastrous months of the Cresson government, Beregovoy was appointed Prime Minister, in the hope that he could revive the flagging fortunes of the Socialist Party. he failed, and in 1993, the conservatives were returned to power. Just over a month later, he was found dead with two gunshot wounds to the head. A verdict of suicide was returned.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Bérégovoy, Pierre
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29 perchoir
perchoir [pεʀ∫waʀ]masculine noun* * *pɛʀʃwaʀnom masculin1) lit, fig perch2) (colloq) Politique Speaker's Chair* * *pɛʀʃwaʀ nm1) perch2) fig presidency of the French National Assembly* * *perchoir nm2 ○ Pol Speaker's Chair; au perchoir in the Speaker's chair.[pɛrʃwar] nom masculin1. [pour les oiseaux] perch[pour la volaille] roost2. POLITIQUEraised platform for the seat of the President of the French National Assembly -
30 Conseil des ministres de la CE
Совет Министров ЕС (Совет Европейского Союза)
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
EC Council of Ministers
The organ of the EU that is primarily concerned with the formulation of policy and the adoption of Community legislation. The Council consists of one member of government of each of the member states of the Community, and its presidency is held by each state in turn for periods of six months. (Source: DICLAW)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Conseil des ministres de la CE
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31 Fabius, Laurent
(Adj. Fabiusien) Born 1946.Former socialist Prime Minister of France (1984-1986) during the first Mitterrand presidency. Graduate of theENA (Ecole Normale d'Administration). Fabius more recently came to much public attention by being the leading proponent of the victorious "no" vote in the French referendum on the European Constitution in 2005.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Fabius, Laurent
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32 Pompidou, Georges
(1911-1974)President of France from 1969 until his death in 1974, successor to General de Gaulle. Conservative (Gaullist) Prime minister 1962-1968. The Pompidou years were the final phase of the truly Gaullist Fifth Republic; Pompidou was succeeded (after the brief caretaker presidency of Alain Poher) by Valéry Giscard d'Estaing who, although a conservative, was an Independent Republican, not a member of the Gaullist party.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Pompidou, Georges
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33 Raffarin, Jean-Pierre
(born 1948)Prime minister of France, 2002-2005, during the second Chirac presidency. Raffarin resigned in 2005 after the referendum in which French voters rejected the European constitution. Lacking the political determination of Sarkozy, he nevertheless managed to initiate some much-needed reforms, but was perceived as a hesitating prime minister.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Raffarin, Jean-Pierre
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34 congrès de la FIFA
congrès de la FIFA m FIFAOrgane législatif et instance suprême de la FIFA qui prend des décisions liées aux Statuts de la FIFA, approuve le rapport annuel, décide de l'admission, de la suspension et de l'exclusion des membres et tient des élections, notamment pour la présidence de la FIFA.► Le congrès de la FIFA peut prendre la forme d'un congrès ordinaire ou extraordinaire.
FIFA Congress FIFASupreme and legislative body of FIFA that makes decisions relating to the FIFA Statutes, approves the annual report, admits, suspends or expels a member and holds elections, most notably for the FIFA presidency.► A FIFA Congress may be an Ordinary or an Extraordinary Congress.
Dictionnaire Français-Anglais (UEFA Football) > congrès de la FIFA
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